Evening Star Newspaper, April 28, 1924, Page 6

b THE EVENING '1'.\ui With Sanday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. ... April 28, 1924 MONDAY. THEODORE &. NOYES. ... Editor| iveming Star Newsnaper Company n-.-ur_:'o?m oonte per wmonth: S onth. | Orders miog howe Main 5000, TS at the end of e h‘ month "Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance, ! Maryland and Virginis, Y 8.4 ..1yr, $3.00 Member of the Associated Press e une for repui eredited to it ur not othel n this reper asd al lished hereis. | about 930 of the thousand travel in Child Labor Amendment. Saturday the House of Repre- bt to proposing on sentatives, s an gress the power to ohibit the labor of persons iteen. years of age. : Suprcme s has ruled | s it now hus no authority to pass laws affecting labor in the prohibi which enjoined the {interstate sportation of goods in which the tabor of children enterpgd. Only by an amendment to the Constitution, there- 1s it possible to secure federal 1 on this subjeet. sitgation A respect to child | is precigely that with regard to e income tax. When Congress by the sorman-Wilson bill undertook to im- a wx on mes the Supren held that was unconstitu- cnal. An amendment was required to nit tncome lop i the legislation followed. then incomie taxss have been a feature, a very fmporiint feature, in- deed, of the federal revenue. hould the Senate give its concur- | to this joint resolution the as- t of three-fourths of the states will be required, as in all cases of constitu- tional wmendment.. Little doubt is telt tlie score of securing this ratifica- iion, for the sentiment for the regula- n of child labor is countrywide and | rong. With a concurring vate by the Sgnate at the present session it is ex- pected- that the amendment will be ~atified by a suflicient number of state | legislatures for the enactment of a | federal law on the subject in the next Cong 8. The procedure of ‘“legislation by amendment” has heen criticized as wise and as contrary to the initial pirit of the Constitytion. But the framers of the Constitution themselves calized that it was not a perfect in- sirument, end that occasion would arise from time to time for its amend- ment. They provided methods where- by it could be changed, interpos tandicaps upop too rapid and unwi dlterations, but permitting & dominant ment to be expressed in terms of moditicati of or additions to the o child labor in | heen a source dal- in this country for a long | w (he process of effectively | z the wrong has been begun, to | y concluded, it is to bo hoped, | for the suke of the youth of America. | The Smith Campaign. | o ning, after the last rites | tiave been pronounced over Charles F. | Jurphy, the departed Tammany chief- 'ain, those who are to carry on with immediate political enterprise to he had been devoting himself, tion of his protege, Gov. Al- mith, as the Democratic can- | lidate for the presidency, will confer | 1pon their policy. | eral consent it appears that | 1 Committeeman Norman . | Mack of Buffalo will take charge of | he Smith boom. He has been close to | Mr. Murphy in. recent’ months, and s aware of all his plans and polictes. | Mack is quéted in an interview as | 4ying that while six months ago he | d not visualize the Smith nomina- | 1 as materializing, he thinks there | s been reaction from the opposition | 4 Gov. Smith, and now there is & pos- | ty of nominating him. . But there are others to be consulted bout the fate of the Smith campaign. There is in New York today one| ieorge E. Brennan of Chicago, mem- her of the late political triumvirate of Murphy, Brennan and Teggart, broken 10w by the death of the head of the firm. It is necessary to ascertain | whether Mr. Brennan and Mr. Taggart Wil stay in the game to beat McAdoo, wiiich. was the first essential to pav- ipg thé way for Smith, although Mr. Taggart and Mr. Brennan never “saw” Mr. Smith as the nominee. They were ‘rying their own fish in the combina- on. »»/Fhe opinion of many Democratic Boliticians is said tb be that the death of Mr. Murphy weakens the Smith boom. Norman B. Mack holds the op- posite opinion. The approaching con- rences will determina the facts. - For the purposes of investigation # is not glways clear that the end justi- fies the Gaston Means. 7, Silver Spring Grade Crossing. Therc are two factors for public consideration in the annofincement that the Washington Raflway and ¥lectric Company #eeks to substitute Tmsses for street cars between the “District line and Forest Glen. One of the factors surely calls for public ap- prodation., It is said -thet abandon- ment of the Silver Spring grade cross- ing will cost tha electric traction com- pany §17,500 to realign s tracks, and ! borhood. | othier suburban line | he has been sad in his disi | in that sume path again. | re lalso accused the United States of | tions would be simplified if unpatriotic { mobilization | or two Ohio men being conspicuously {blood of the wife, that it cunnot well afford, indeed, cannot at aill ufford, to make this great improvement. The Maryland highwuy commissicn is planning to reconstruct the road so thut it will puss below tracks of the steam railroad ut Silver Spring. This cross- ing and thut tsviil r tremely da evade crossings | alning in the Washington nelgh- | It is poartble | e the hicie tr crossings in nm ran high eets und for tram-{ District be thor- coneidered by the Maryland veople living in the Spring and Forest Glen neigh- borhoods® and the railway officers. | This line shares the hard fortune of It did its part towund helping to build up an exten- sive section north of Washington, and perbaps & thousand families have retty homes in that section where not ten lived when the Forest Glen © was buflt. At a rough estimate, way lin onghly nd automobiles and the patient old rafl- roed languishes and rusts. As the Bladensburg car line found itself without meney to rebuild its tracks to contorm to the improved Bladens- burg highway, so the Forest Glen line scems to find itself too poor to| realign its tracks in agrecment with the admirable plan for eliminating the Silver Spring grade crossing. Wilhelm’s “Wanderings.” Wilhelm Hohenzollern did not malke a hit in Germany as an author with his book published a year and a half ago. He expected to justify his course in the war, and especially his flight to Holland, before the Ger- man people. But the book was rather coldly received over there. It cer- tainly did not evoke any enthusiasm for the fugitive, and report is that llusfonment respecting his popularity ligving thus stubbed his toe, as it were, on the stone of authorship, the former kaiser is not disposed to tread But he is ng & parallel path. He has just been quoted by Lieut. Col. Niemann in a book entitled *“Wan- derings with Kaiser Wilnelm" that is attracting attention now in Ber- lin, Lieut. Col. Niemann, it would appeur, has ‘“‘wandered” about con- siderably with the “kaiser,” serving as a sort of Boswell to his Johnson. It is related that in the course of these wandering taliis Wilhelm ex- pressed the belief that Germany would have won the war in 1918 if the United States had not joined the | allles and that President Wilson was Ived to defeat the central pow- ers and refrain from Peace negotia- tions until the American army had won military honors in Europe. He tiptoetng al baving entered the war to annihilate German economic competition, since Germany was stronz enough not to| need an economic alliance with Amer- ica, as did the other European na- tions. LIt s, course, idle to follow | Wilhelm's nderings.” They are of | no importance whatever. Nobody | pays the slightest heed to them. His! judgment of what happened in 1918 | cannot be accepted as unprejudiced. | But it is something, at least, to know | that he credits the American weight | of arms as turning the scale against Germany, however wrong he may be | regarding the reasans for Ameri | entrance into the war. ——————— | On discovering that his butler had | profited in speculation on the decline | of francs in value, Poincare promptly | dismissed him. A number of condi- finance could always be so readily dealt with. ———— Just what Col. Bryan intends to do | at the New York convention is not | clear. 1t {s assured, however, that no emergency can arise that will swing his support even fieetingly to Gov. Smith, ———— teports that Rumania has crdered | its male citizens to be ready for help to emphasize the| suggestion that further conference on the subject of peace is nceded. ———— Yven as modest a man as Mr. James Cox might properly feel that experi- ence ought to count for a little in the selection of a Democratic candidate. | e e —ee— 1 1t is a long time since a campatgn | year progressed this far without one | mentioned for the presidency. et No explanation is offéred of the fact that the versatile and enterprising bobbed-hair bandit managed to keep out of the oil scandals. An Experimenting Husband. A strange crime has just been dis- closed by accusation of & man at ‘White Plains, N. Y., for having ad- ministered pneumonia and diphtheria germs to his wife for the purpose of poisoning her. mentioned as ene of the means adopted for this purpose. The ac- cueed has pleaded gulity, “except as to intent to kill” but quickly fol- lowed up this plea with a disavowal of all connection with the crime. Physiclans report that their examina- tion shows traces of poison and also germs of the two diseases in the who has been gravely {ll, but is still living, Coun- gel for the husband declare that he is not in any way guilty of intent to take his wife's life, but that he is intrested in chemical researches and, being of a somewhat neurotic tem- perament, has been carried away by his enthusiasm to the point of ex- perimenting on his wife. Fortunately, it would appear, these experiments have not reached the point of caus. ing death. If this case is prosecuted it will prob- ably prove to be cne of the most inter- esting of court sensations fer & long A Arsenic also is|° period. There will be expert tesu. mony on toxicology and bacteriology. Family skeletons will be rattled in public hearing. Perhaps alienists may be called into the case. If the present plea of “no intent” persists, and it is maintained that the de- fendant wus merely cxperimenting, with his wife as 2 subject, a nice question will arise as to how far a fentific researcher is justified in cticing on his own household. Greek Art for America. Greece, which has just become a re- public, and is therefore the youngest member of the family of democratic states, proposes to lend the American f its most cherished works t of antiquity, to be shown to them as @ mark of esteem for the cld- est of existing republics. This statue the inasterpiece of Praxiteles, erm Carrying the Infant Di- onysus.”” The plan is to send it over here on an American battleship, and then to take it about the country in a specially constructed car to be shown to the greatest possible number of people. It may be accompanied by & distinguished Greek scholar, giving lectures on Greek art. The only condi- tion imposed by the Greek government is that there shall be no commercial aspect to the exhibition, but that it shall be wholly free, and in no manner or degree utilized to promote contribu- tions to any cause, however worthy. This {g a most admirable plan, and should be carried out in full accord- ance with the spirit of its proposal. Greece, though now the youngest of the republics, was one of the oldest of the democracies. It is but the closing of a cycle now for Greece to return to popular government. When Praxiteles carved his great work the peopie ruled at Athens. Art flowered in the bighest form there when the popular will was most effectively expressed. Throughout this country an interest in art has been evolving steadily for years. At present it has reached a point never before attained. In all parts the people are studying the his- tory of art, are cultivating their own talents. The display of the masterpiece of Praxiteles would greatly stimulate this development. ——— It is averred by Senator Willis that there is very little liquor drinking. The observation speaks well for the United | States Capital, and even if contradict- ed will reflect credit on the senator from Ohio as a man who chooses his associations with care. ——————— “Uncle Tom's Cabin” is to be re- vived on Broadway. Its old running mate in popularity, “Ten Nights in & Barroom,” would no doubt be restored if conditions had not deprived it of significance as a moral lesson. e ———— The Morgan requirement of & com- plete agreement of the allies on the | reparations report is another indorse- ment of Mr. Dawes' famous remark: “Let's get together and get some- where.” 4 e Tt is still impossible to arouse any sympathy for the trouble Albert Fall has had in financing his farm opera- tions. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSOX Musical Event. You can take away vour Verdi and vour Wagner stanch and eturdy, for T hear a hurdy- surdy, Far away! In its gay reverberatious tlhers wre soothing ineantations for the various agitati Of today. 1t is brisk in modern measures, though revealing anclent pleasures which we greet as classic treas- ures From the tomb. All the good old tunes we're humming as we hear the mighty drum- ming, for the old band wagon's coming With a boom! Take away your ukulels aud your radio program daily and your phonographs which gayly Serenade. Sundry discords are detected, but we know they'll be corrected With a chorus well directed On parade. It will energize creation with har- monioys elation; it will shed il- lumination On the gloom. | And delight both sight and hearing. So get ready for the cheering, for the old band wagon's nearing ‘With a boom! Discreet Utterance, “I have no doubt you often find yoursel? misynderstood,” remarked the sympathetic friend. “Of course,” answered Semator Sor- ghum. “But I don’t complain. Some. times you're better off when your meaning is aufficiently cbeeure to give you a chance to hedge after a bad Jud Tunkins says the argument about daylight-saving is & good thing for a change, being as it doesn’t re- flect on anybody’s personal character. Public Service. Friend Toiler, though your work be good, i And leave the world your debtor, Some one is sure to vow he could Have done it all much better. Worle, “How did you become a great mo- tion picture star?” “By work,” answered the film fa- vorite, “and then more work, and after that still more work. I'll tell you in confidence,” she added, “that I have one of the hardest working press agents in the business.” Obstructing Reform. “They talk of sending every boot- “What do you think of that!™ ex. claimed Uncle Bl Bottletop. *“Just ‘when good people are doing their best to reform the penitentiaries!” “Some men'{s ke dishere mule,” said Uncle Ebeny. “Gittin' mad an hol- lerin’ at ‘im don’ @o no good. It jes' makes him fee) tmportant” g Q. Who designed the Lincoln pen- ny?—J. G. A. : . A. Victor David Brenner, who died April 6, 1924, designed this penny. He was commissioned to work ut the suggestion of DPresident Roosevelt, who admired Brenner's Panama medal. Q. To what race do the Armenians belong?—H. G. T. A. The people belong to the Cauca- sian race. The present Armenias is lar people are pigeon’s blood rubles A. M. E, & A. These celebrated stones are ob- tained from Mandalay in Burma. O. How can one prevent purple llacs from sending shoots?—M. J. H. A. There is no way to prevent this. Thé shoots should be eut off @bout twice a year. Q. How long is a degree?—Ii". L W. A. At the equator a degree of lati- tude Is equivalent to 362,756.5 feet. At latifude 40 it Is equal to 262 283.7 feet. At latitude 0 a degree of ,228.6 feet, and at @ If world war veteraus and their dependents are pensioned as liberally as civil war veterans, what will thi annual cxpense be fo the govern- ment?—T. A. T. A. On the same basls, the pension roll thirty or forty years from now will carry an expenditure of about $2,000,000,000 a year. . What is the symbolism of the meniortul windows in the National Red Cross building?—W. C. A. The left window, a gift of the Women's Relief Corps of the North, represents St. Filomena, famed for her miraculous powers of healing with her hands resting on the Red Cross shield. Behind her are her handmaidens—Hope, Learing a ban- ner; Faith, a torch: Mercy, a flagon of wine, and Charity, a basket of fruit The right window. a gift of the United Daughters of the Confed- eracy, shows Una, of Spensers “Faerie Queen.” typifying fortitude, her apron spilling roses, symbolic of good deeds. The central window was & joint gift of the two organizations. It shows a good Samaritan in armor —the Red Cross knight—and typifies the Red Cross in war. . WiIl you be so kind as to tell msof :he)hlvlorl' of the Chef Men- teur—B. N. A. The fort known as Chet Menteur has flgured fairly extensively in Louisiana history. In regard to the naming of the fort, the following legend is told: The Choctaws were conspicuous for their love of truth, but one of the chiefs was known to prevaricate frequently. He was ex- lled and- settled on an isthmue pro- ecting into Lake Pontchartrain, LRGE ueretore was called - “Chef Menteur,” which is French for “Lying Chiet” "~ Q. Which is taller, the Eiftel Tower or the Woolworth building?—W. P. A. The Eiffel Tower, in Paris, s 1,000 feet high. The Woolworth building is 762 feet high. Q. Will goldfish that ure kept in 3 bowl spawn?—G. W. G. A. Goldfish will not b¥eed in small aquariums. It is necessary to provide a five or six gallon tank and plenty of plant life for the fish to lay eggs on. Q. Doss & eailor have to have a passport and visas D. M. A, It 1s not necessary for a sailor to have a passport; he travels on & seaman's ldentification certificate, Q. How was the chess wonder Afeeb_of the Eden Musee worked?— K H'S A. This contrivance was an autom- aton worked by a piayer who was concealed on the floor below, oper- ating the machinery by means of mirrors. : Q. What Roman used the expres- sion, “Carthage must stand,” in the| conclusion of his speeches?—L T. 8. A. Seipio Nasies, who realized the importance of Carthage to the wel- fare of Rome, purodied Cato’s famous “Carthage must be destroyed” and | ended his speeches in the senate wit the sentence, “"Carthage must stanc. Q. What causes rust’—F. B. A. The bureau of mines says that rusting Is due to condensution of molsture in the atmosphere on & cool surface. Q. Why s F mountain of Japani—AL E. A. A n.rber of reagsons enter into the holy the fact that Fujl San is called “the | holy mountain of Japan.” Its per- fection of beauty, its supposedly mi- ragulous creation and the fact that on its slopes are many shrines cause thousands of pilgrims to hold the mountain in reversnce anc to - Lit it annually. Q. Which is most dangerous and poisonous, the bite of a rattlesnake or a tarantula or of a scorpion? H, 8 A. Any species of rattlesnake Is more dangerous and poisonous than the tarantula or scorpion. The bite of the tarantula is painful, but not dangerous, while the sting of the scorpion is also painful, but rarely, it ever, fatal. The scorpion of the southern states, known as the mule killer, is entirely harmless. Q. When were marine camels first used?—IL E. G. A. The use of wooden floats for lightening the draft of ships to per- mit them to pass over shoals or bars {e_very old. The hollow floats, or camels, ordinarily used in navy yards and ship yards are supposed to hav been invented by the Dutch and were | first used about 1658. I wish to wend soma acorns to France. How long should they be dried?—H. G. J. A. The Forestry Service says it is not negessary to dry acorns, as they have & natural process of drying themselves. Before hipping, be sure that any acorns which are sprouting are thrown out. Q. Is it true that giants obtain their growth as a result of a disease? —ILD. B. A. Gigantism is a rare disease sup- posed to be associated with chankes in the pituitary body. The abnorm growth is usually in the bones of the face, arms and legs. Most giants seen in cirouses have this disease, or develop it in time. (Let The Star Information Bureou, Frederio J. Haskin, director, 1230 North Capitol afreet, answer your Hom. The omly oharge for this s e ig ¢ cents in stamps for return tage.) Anti-Billboard Ordinance To the Kditer of The Star: It was erroneously reported by the press that at the meeting of the board of supervisors, Arlington County, Va., last week, the board rejected the pro- posed _signboard ordinance advocated by the civic organizations of the county. What the board did was to refer the ordinance to the common- wealth's attorney for his opinion as to its validity. It is assumed that the board would not seek to determine the validity of the ordinance if it had no intention of enacting it into law. Since the validity of a tax measure of this gort has already been determined by the Supreme Court of the United States, it is belleved that the report of the commonwealth's attorney muast be favorable to the ordinance. FRANK G. CAMPBELL, New Field for Reform. From the New Orleans States. ‘The latest reformer to appear in the spotlight is & Kansas man who says if ‘what is broadcast by radio is not cen- sored good and mioral peeple the o e he 1'% Brothe IN TODAY’S Today Congress has under consider- ation the Sterling bill, successor to the Hoke Smith bill of some years ago. It will establish u federal De- partment of Mducation, with a Secre- tary in the President's cabinet; some of its critics base their chief objec- tjon upon the right of cach state to maintain its own policies regarding education. The Sterling-Reed bill says identieally the same thing, for in each paragraph defining the pur- poses of the apportionment of funds to the respective s appears this clause: “All funds apportioned to a state for the removal of illlteragy’—or for the Americanization of immigrants, or for providing better public ele- mentary and secondary scheols, or for physical education, or for providing better instruction and extendde gchool terms, especlally in rural schools, or for the partial payment of teachers' better instruction and extended cchool adaptation of public libraries for educational purposes, or all funds an- portioned to a state to equalize edu- cational opportunities—‘shall Le dis- tributed and administered in accord- ance with the laws of said state, in like manner as provided by state and local authorities for the same pose, and the state and local cational authorities shall det. the courses of study, plans methods for carrying out the poses of this section within state in accordance with the thereof.” * % o o In spite of the above ubsolute dis- avowal of any attempt to interfere with state control of the schools, or their methods and courses of instruc- tion, or limiting their initfative in research or adaptation to local ideals of education, the opponents of the measure base most of, tle'r op- position’ upon the theory that some- how there will be an effort to “stand- ardize education” and to influence the schools o that they will teach poli ical economy to suit the political party in power. t'!'he'mnl;:l Deing left in the hands of state authorities is limited onl. the following provise: gl “Pravided, however, that the appor- tionments authorized by this section shall be made only to such states as by law provide: (a) A legal school term of “at least twenty-four weeks in each year for the benmefit of ail children of school age In each state; (b) & compulsory school attendance law requiring ail children between | the ages of seven and fourteen years to attend some school at least twenty- four weeks in cachi year; (c) that the English language shall ‘be the basic language of instruction In the common school branches in all schools, public and private; provided that apportionment may be made under the provisions of this section to a state prevented by its constitution from full compllance with the foregoing conditions if sald condi- tions are approximated as nearly as con- | stitutional limitations will permit.” | * %+ ¥ | Nearly anl of the witnesses who have appeared in the House hearings have come from Baltimore and all such were opposing the measure, mainly on behalf of state rights. The bill does not oppose parochlal or pri- vate schools; attendance of the pupil in any such private school counts the same as in a public school, provided the term fs not less than twenty-four weeks a year and the basic language is English. State autlioritiss retain the same jurisdiction over all schools, both public and private, as at present. Eox o * Letters have been put into the hearings from eminent college presi- dents whose opposition appears in all eases to be based upon an idea that the proposal is to “standardize educa- tion” and limit initiative through | tederal coutrol by Secretarics of edu- icanon who would not be qualified as educators, but would be politicians, changing with each new administra- tion. President Emeritus Charles W. Eliot of Harvard expresses fear that the Secretary of- Education might inter- fere with the able management of the |Smithsonfan Institution. He rather | Editors outside of New York state, where he was indorsed by the Demo- cratic convention, are offering a variety of reasons why Gov. Al Smith is considered unavailable as a presidential gandidate. | The Springfield Republican. (inde- | pendent) sums up the objection when it says: “It isn't merely that Gov. |Smith ta & Tammanyite: it tsn't merely that he is wet; it isn't merely that Le is Catholic—there is some- thing inclusive of thege and more that renders his nomination as a presidential candidate inadvisable for 8 party that hopes to win. He is pre-eminently @ sophigticated New | Yorker, allied with everything that {makes the great city of the eastern | soaboard something mysterious and |fearful to the massos of the people |on the eoil in the continent beyond the Appalachian range. To them New York is not Amerlca, or even jAmerican.” The Grands Rapids Press (independent) suggests, “Mr. Smith ls a fine fellow, attractive, virile, fearless, capable’ and intellectually brilliant, but dozens like him have fallen before obvious expediency,” and white “the Democrats may r gret what they have to do, and pass his name by with a rhetorical caress, they will do it.” Because of “char- acter, achlevement, executive ability, the quality of leadership, particulariy his rare power of rallying to himself discordent elements in his party, his candidacy deserves to be _taken erious! continues the Newark News (independent), which that he would be the leading Demo- eratic candldate if he ‘ere Roman Catholic. % o® % % The fact that he is a Catholie, the Sacramento Unlon (Independent) ‘ought not to weigh against but it will” However, “the worst thing that can be said against him is that he is backed by Tammany Hall.” The Manchester Union (independent Republican) also Dotes that “he s in favor with the big bosses, Murphy and Brennan, and also with their colleague, Taggart,” #0, “as far as organization goes, Smith stands in less need than most of his rivals, inasmuch as a well drilled force has been,ready to re- spond to his call at any time.” But TRe"ons outstanding obstacle to his nomination, according to the Sa- vannah Press (Democratic) and the Nashville Banner (independent), is his attitude toward prohibition, be- cause he would be regarded as a wet candidate, and his candidacy would be & farce from its inception, they claim. The Sioux City Journal (Re- publican) indorses this view, and de- clares further “there ste many men of the Democratic party who out- measure him in experience, native ability, education and training,” therefore “Democrats the country over will demand a man who has some- thing more than a vote-getting .';g:nl, “there is. no avidsnce that BY PAUL T | bureau chief of b holds | not aj SPOTLIGHT . COLLINS favors adding to the power of the bureau of education, instead of estab- lshing & new department. ‘Better to change the name of the Dspart- ment of Labor to the Dejartment of Bducation, Industry and Puolic Wel- fare,” says Dr. Eliot. Dr. Lowell, president of Harvard, opposes a state subsidy, which would “tend to extravagance in educational methods, and raise the cost of educa- tion.” He adds: “The place (of sec- retary) would almost Inevitably be given to a politician not large enough in caliber for one of the greater of- fices. No good would result in federal supervision of education unless it has | at its head a permanent non-political quality. I un- derstand you have a bill which it is rumored is somewhat in these lines, but I have not seen it Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler of C: lumbia College writes in answer to a letter from an opponent of the bill. He contents himself by quoting_ and indorsing Dr. William Torrey Har- ris, former head of the bureau of education. In that quotation Dr. Har- ris takes the position that neither agriculture, commerce, labor nor the post officc should be represented in the President's cabinet, or in any wise be related to the changing po- litical control of the natiunal gov- ernment.” B Other letters opposing ‘“political control of education” are on file, signed by Dr. Harry Pratt Judson, president emeritus of the Chicago University; Dean L. B. R. Briggs of Harvard College; Dr. Burris, profes- sor of education, University of Cin- cinnatl: Dr. Henry 8. Pritchett, head of the Carnegle Foundation, and oth- crs—none of whom indicates that he | has seen the bill. * % % % The Sterling-Reed bill calls for an annual approgriation of $100,000,000 to be distributed to the various states in certain amounts—conditional upon cach state showing that it is spend- fng at least an equal amount in education of all its children between seven and fourteen vears of age. The idetual expenditure of these funds will be in the hands of state authori- ties, along with the state appro- priations. * % %% The head of the department will be Secretary of Education, with a place in the cabinet. There will be & coun- cil of education composed of the forty-eight states, and also twent: five members representing the dif- ferent special interests of education, and twenty-five other citizens repre- senting the public business. These tary. All will serve without pay, be- yond expenses in attending the an- nual council. ¥ k The Department of Education will { conduct studies and investigation in the field of education. Research will e undertaken in illiteracy, immigrant education. public cducation and especially rurw . ation; phy- sical education, including health edu- |eation, recreation una sanitation; preparation of competent teachers in and in such other fields as in the judgment of the Secretary may re- quire study. * % ¥ % Chairman Dallinger of the commit- tee on education of the House op- poses the Sterling-Reed bill, but has a bill of his own. This makes no subsidy to state educational authori- tles, but combines under a Depart- ment of Education (whose Secretary would be in the cabinet) the Smith- sonian Institution, Howard Univer- sity for megroes, the soldiers’ homes, the pension bureau, the Veterans' ready existing. Representativ combining under a Secretary of Edu- cation and Welfare, which will in- clude the Veterans' Bureau, the health service and various other bu- reaus. This will be authorized to co- operate with state educational of- ficials who may want to do so volun- | tarily, but there will be no appropria- tion of funds for state aid. (Oopyright, 1824, by Paul V. Collins.) |Editors Analyze Reasons _ Against Smith’s Candidacy' | he has been a student of national affairs, and that as President he comparable to that he had on prob- lems that confronted him when he became governor,” asserts the Balti- more Sun (independent Democratic), which feels he “would start in Wash- ington as a promising novice rather than the skilled technician who has worked in Albany." Plain Dealer (independent Demo- cratic) doudbts whether Smith is the convgntion's choice. It concedes, how- ever, that “he has apparently made.a good governor and his popularity at home is unquestioned, but there is quite a stretch of America west of the Alleghenies.” Commercial (independent) points out, “has its strong as well as its weak points, but, however it may result, it is certain that New York's govern- or will have a very materfal follow- ing at the Democratic national con- vemtion.” True, the Worcester Tele- gram (Republican) assents, “Gov. Smith is a figure who is entitled to the most serious considerution.” At any rate, the Lynchburg Aavance (Democratic) considers “a lively battle in the convention is in prospect.” If it Is seen that the governor cannot muster the votes necessary to land the eonvention honor, the Salt Lake Tribune (Republican) maintains “the strategy of the Smith boosters is likely to reveal itseif at the proper time in an attempt to dominate the nomination.” If they cannot win a complete victory, the Detroit Free Press (independent) thinks, “they may flgure that nobody else can win without their consent, and it is pos- sible that control of enough delegates to down any candidates obnoxious to eastern Democrats is the ruling mo- tive in the whole Smith campaign.” * ok ¥ The Brooklyn Eagle (independent Democratic) insists that “he ix the one man so far named whose personality evokes genuine enthusiasm: he is the one man who could, under cer- tain conditions, cause a epontaneous stampede in his direction.” The Buf- falo . News (Republican) agrees “things are just in the condition for a convention stampede,” for, “unless they undergo a marked change be- fore June, it is quite possible that Smith will be nominated, an eventu- ality which would not be displeasing to_the Republican party.” The Butte Post (Republican) claims “McAdoo and the rest of them will be more sorry than ever that they permitted the metropolls to be selected as the convention scene, where 1o national meeting of the party has been held since 1868, when the New Yorkers cleverly stumpeded the convention for Horatio Sevmour, |Whom Grant defeated.” Feeling that the Democracy of the forty-eight states of the Unlon should put its Yeto In advance on the possibility of uch a disruptive and disgraceful the Knoxville Sentinel (independent Democratic) insists “rules ghould be made by the committee or by the convention itself prescribing all the time reasonably desired and necessary for the purpose of demon- stration of & candidate’ tr‘n h and Beyend mot te permit of howling Intendod gelely to chiefs of education of each of the| fifty will be appointed by the Secre- | the public schools, higher education | Bureau and some other bureaus al- | Dallinger also has | another bill for a similar purpose of | would have a grasp on his problems | The Cleveland | The candidacy of Smith, the Bangor | COURAGE “I am the master of my fate, I am the captain of my soul” —HENLEY. With beauiy, education, a quick mind and fine spirit, Lady Nancy Astor has had her problems to solve and her difficulties to overcome. As Nancy Witcher Langhorne, scion of an aristocratic but land-poor fam- ily, she spent her girlhood in Green- wood, Va. As a child she underwent a severe illness, and she was not physically as strong or statuesque as her sister. Married in her teens to Robert G. Shaw _of Boston, her wedded life proved unhappy, and divorce fol- lowed within six year: She met Willlam Waldorf Astor of the famous Astor family. His father was very ambitious for the son and wanted him to marry into the Eng- lish peerage, so there was perturba- tion in the Astor family over the courtship. The genior Astor finally Egave hig consent and they were mar- ried In 1906, When Lady Astor entered English society ladies of the peerage made it unpleasant wi their snubs. King Edward arranged a function to assist her, and even there they tried to cheek her popularity, but her tact and wit won. ‘To ald others, she went into poli- tics, aided the suffragists, made fund- raising speeches for the soldiers dur- Ing the war and helped her husband win a seat in the House of Commons. Lord Astor became viscount, and Lady Astor was nominated as a can- didate for hig place in the House of Commons. A newspaper called her campaign “circus stunts.” Hecklers attacked her wealth, her American- ism, her nobility, her motherhood. Epithets and vegetables were (hrown at her. But she won the election. ¥ngland's first woman member of Parliament, she was discussed by the world. Frightene when preparing to be eworn in, she saw Lloyd George and Arthur J. Balfur trembling, and her fear gave way to laughter. In Parliament she had to overcome prejudices of generations, to debate with seasoned statesmen and to tuke up ular measures that had years for a woman sponsor in ti.e House. She won arguments, had bills passed aad last month was re-elected. She is much interested in charities, her beautiful home with its six children is a happy one and she is one of the world's most popular women. (Copyright, 1924.) Founder of League. Mrs. Burke Credited With Organ- izing Pen Women. To the Editor of The Star: An omission wad made in published account of the history of the “League of American Pen Women," whose biennial convention closed here Saturday. You gave the date of the founding and incorporation of this “League,” but falled to give the name of the person who accomplished this work. So, in fairness, T wish vou to supply this information, not only as a matter of family pride (although that is excusable), but because the founder was a representative woman, worthy of notice. The founder and incorporator was Margaret Sullivan Burke. newspaper correspondent, fiction writer, song writer, author of a book or financial legislation and one of the suffragists, She was a suffral when it took courage to be one, be- | | fore it was fashionable, the interests of women being her main ideal. She was th first president of this “League,” gave it the name it bears, also Its first home, as the lcague met in the parlor of her home, rent free, | until the membership became too | large for a private house. It was largely through her in-| fluence that the league membership | | was composed entirely of women, as |there were suggestions regarding | admission of men, but her main idea was to have a league for woman | writers only. In one of the monthly | letters of the national president of | today regarding the convention re-| | cently closed, she mentions this fact as_a Mrs. Burke was the first woman | | admitied to the correspondents’ gal- |lery of the Capitol, and_did work |there for twenty years. When Wil-| llam McKinley, as a member of the | House of Representatives, offered his |international copyright bill, she got | | up the data for it and after was | presented by President Harrison with | !the signature pen. She aleo lobbied | for the hill, together with well known | literary personages. | So, altogether, this “League’ was | not founded by an obscure, writer or an amateur. and this is why it may be worth your while to give the name, as well as the date. The above information can be veri- fied through emrlier members of th “League,” who knew and hanored my | mother, ' also by reference to the souvenir booklet of their convention | of two years ago which contains data. | HINDA BURK! Asks Woman’s Party Aid| Writer Suggests Body Get Behind | Child Labor Amendment. | To the Editor of The Star: It occurs to the writer that the Na- tional Woman's Party, advocating the “equal rights” amendment to the | Constitution, and which submitted this proposed amendment to a vote at the convention of the American Association of University Women, where the proposed amendment was | voted down on,& proposal for {mme- diate consideration by the universi women, might better give the Na- tional 'Woman's Party’s immediate attention to the proposed ‘“child labor” amendment to the Constitu- tion now before Congress. The_article by Paul V. Coilins, in The Star of April 25, on the “child labor” amendment presents some startling facts in statistics on the child labor question. The article also presents most succinctly a brief history of past legisiation on the subject;.but the most astounding part of the article is the “composite” ar- gument of those opposed to the need of any sort of chlld labor legislation. Most men, 1 believe, would not op- pose “equal rights,” in fact, would favor it, because it would free them from the llability of the preference or bias shown women in the courts If women wish to put themselves at a disadvantage, well, men usually let women have whatever they want— if they want i That citizens, both men and women, favor the protection of children needs no proof. The only doubt is whether legislation shall be national or state or both, I believe most citi- zens would favor state legisiation, if possible and practical—it is both. The National Woman's Party being 2 very militant organization, to what better and more laudable purpose could Its energies be devoted where the need is immediate and where the “law of service” would be in the name of those who cannot defend tiem- selves collectively or individuall Why 't the National Woman's Party ‘“sick” its state organization t‘): lh; legislature ufdulah ulllo‘ and eraby earn the undying gratitude of the mothers of menie GROVER WARREN AYRES. convert the purposes of the Democ- racy of the nation.” The Springfield Union (Rebpublican), believes that both Smith and McAdoo are not avail- able and it declares the contest “will not be between two men, b between two sets of delegat: with a powerful number of votes, who will seek to guide the nomination, not of thelr man. but of some other can- didate suitable to their group,” there- fore. ““the manner in which these two groups Jjuggle their votes, manage their delegates and direct their en- | moved “unique” feature. |8 | which takes the TELLS HOW CONGRESS COULD PICK PRESIDENT Page Explains Knotty Questions Regarding Succession at ‘White House. MIGHT CALL ELECTION Number of Interesting - Situations Possible. possibility of a third party pr dential nomination and the resolution introduced by Senator Norris to m the situation should one of thres candt- dates fail to get & majority in the eclec- toral college and the election bo throw-: into Congress are bound to be subjects of increastng public discussion. Because of deep interest manifestel by members of Congress, W Tyler Page, clerk of the House close student of the Constitution an: the history of government, has g carefully into the possibilities the procedure in such event. In an- swer to the question! “Does the law provide for the cabinet officer acting as President to continue during tho whole term for which the actual President and Vice President whom he follows were elected?” Mr, Page replies: Question Never Decided. “This question, of eourse, has ne been decided, and could not be cided in advance of an actual case but it has been discussed since and before the Conmstitution was ratified. “Article 2, section 1, of the Consti- tution provides: ‘In the case of the removal of the President from oflice. or his death, resignation or inability to discharge the powers end duties of the said office, the suma shall de- volve upon the Vice President, for the Congress may by law provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or inability, both of the President and Vice President, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall uct accordingly and | until the disability be removed or & President shall be elected.’ ‘An old law of 1792 provided that in case of vacancies in both offices the President of the Senate, ir there is none, the Speaker of the House, for the time being, should act as President until the disability be re. or a Preside ele B provided further for u &pecial elee- tion, “This law was repealed by ths presidential succession act of 1536 which provided for succession down through the cabinet and the calling ©of an extra session of Cong: “The law of 1845 provided uni- form day of election for uppointment of eleciors, namely, ‘the Tuesday next after the first Mon vember, in every fourth yea “This i in accordance with sectior 1 of article A of the Coustitution which provifles: ‘The Congr ¥ determine the time of choosi electors and the day shall give their votes; shall be the same throughout Cnited States. Congrens Can Call Election. “It will be seen that Congr the power, If it chooses to exerc as it @id exercise it in the law of 1792 to ‘determine the time of choosing the electors by calling a special election and as in the law of 1845, making the regular election fall on tho same das throughout the United States “Difference of opinion probably will continue to exist until the question is decided Ly tional amendment or otherw: whether a cabin the death of both Preside President, or thefr removal, would erve out the unexpired term or whether a special election would br necessary. Probably the best author. ity on the subject, as showing the intent of the Congress in passing th act of 1886, is to be found in House committee's report on the b iew that the cabir officer in succession would s the unexpired term. “This report also power of Congress to election.” Replying to idea for E ular session if one is & special session—in rospe for a special election of co President, Page says: “This intarrogation results natur ally from the fact that the cabinct officer succeeding to the presiden is required by the act of 1886 to cu an extra session if a resulur ses is not about to convene. For wh purpose? Congress, by constituti authority, already 'has declared, b the act of 1885, who shall be I're dent. Why, then, a special sessior Can Alone Answer Question. “This can only be answered and [the time comes Ly Congress its the special session or an imminen regular session be not for the purpos- of taking some action looking to : different succession, the provi the act of 1886 would appear unnecessary. “Congress dld, in the law of 1 provide for & special election in s contingency, but this was repeal “But may not Congress in its dom again provide for & spect tion ? The act of 1792 wus said to be constitutional by a Senate committer. Congress, under constitutional au thority in the act of 1845, fixed uniform election day for the appoint ment of presidential clecsors. Why then, might not Congress fix another day for & speoial election “These and other questions would be for Congress to consider when sonfronted with an actual situation. and in the meantime they arc aca demlec. “It might be observed special wes: that if o n be not for the purpose of congressional action—say the call ing of a special elcction—then its only purpose would be an immediate check by the represcntatives of the people upon & new President not se- lected by the people. “Certainly it is to be said that a sp: clal election would seriously disturl our present orderly quadrennial pre.- idential elections as provided in Constitution.” Amendment Not Neeflcd For Child Labor, Is View To the Bditor of The Star: Will you permit me to suggest that a constitutional amendment 19 unnecessary to enable Congress to enact 3 constitutional “ghild labor law," for two reasons; Wrst, by avolding the error of its former enact- ment. of seeking to further extend the system of taxation, and second, by entering into & treaty with Canad: or Mexico to prohibit the empio ment of child labor in factories, a subject In which all three countries are interested. A treaty becomes “the supreme law of the land and judges of every state (or the United States) are bounc thereby, anvthing in the Constitution or laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding." See Articla VI of the Constitution. Next to {llegal investigations, con- stitutional amendments appear 1o be ergles to the nomination of a can- didate other than their avowed lead- ers, gives indication of being & bit- * Lut an engertaining fight’ a hobby with the present Congress, thus occupying much time whioh might be much better apent on neces mary legislation. ¥. HILL.