Evening Star Newspaper, March 24, 1924, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY........March 24, 1024 THEODORE W. NOYES. . . . Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Bestness Offee. 11th 8% and irania Ave. New York Offico: 110 Bast 4 Chicago Tower Baildi Burepedn Office: 16 Regent St., Lonton, The Evenioe Sgar, with the Sunday morning edition, is delivared by carriers within the ty at 60 cents per montb: dally only, 43 nts per month: Sundey osiy, 20 cents’ per onth. Orders may be sent by mail or tele- one ‘Main 5000, Coilection is made by ear- ers at the cnd of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance, | Maryiand and Virginia. Daily and Sunday.. $8.40 Daily only > yr., $6.00 Sunday only. 15¥r., $2.405 1 mo., 20¢ | Al Other States. Daily and Sunday.] yr., $10.00: 1 mo., 85¢ | Daily only ......15r., $7.08;1mo. 6de | Sunday only......15yr, $3.00;1mo, 25¢ - { Member of the Associated Press. | Afl‘l?;‘Amri'llefl I"r;? in exrlfnl["!’ly rnxl:ll‘od | use for republication of 11 news dis. | patehes eredited o 1} or not otherwisn credited in this paper and also the local news pul Jished VR“ All rights of publication of | special dlspatches herein are also reserved. — Time to Legislate. i Senator Caraway of Arkansas ap- parently is much aggrieved because The Star and other newspapers have criticized the Senate for permitting its various investigations to delay and | jeopardize legislation vitally necessar; to the welfare of the country. And he seems especlally hurt at the sugge tion that desire to make political capi +al has prolonged the inquiries and ! taken them far afield from their proper | purposes and into paths which can | iead nowhere but to petty scandal and tittle-tattle. The Star has not! complained, and it knows of no reputa- | hle newspaper which has complained, | because wrongdoing has been dis-| closed. All decent men have been | shocked by these disclosures, but any | regret this newspaper has expre: has been that the wrongdving existed, | not that it has been uncovered. i The Star has commended the en- ergy and skill of Senator Walsh in incovering the indica of the| Fall-Doheny corruption and ! ing to transform thes into lezal proof upon cciminal and civil co an act. | 1t has recognized the great public | service rendered by the investigution. but it has asserted, and now reassert that cheap politics has been played, | and that at times and in spots the inquisition has degenerated from a cleansing and purifying national foul places into partisan or factional | competitive oll-slinging, with the domi. | nating pugpose not so much to put criminals into the penitentiary as to| put some partisan or favored faction- | ist into the White House. And The Star has not been able to applaud the campaign in o far as it | pursued without discrimination those | accused of guilt and those conceded 10 be guiltless: in so far as it failed to | differentiate between bribery, fraud or spiracy to defraud and differences | of opinion in construing a law or in shaping wise public policy. and in so | far, for example, as it made no dis- { tinction in vigor and venom of @s | sault between a Fall and a Denby, and even attempted to bespatter an hon- estly co-operating Coolidge. The Star thinks that the work ef- | tectively initiated by Senator Walsh | will with the quick disposal of the issues affecting the Attorney General | be completed go far as wholesome re- sults are concerned, and that the time | is at hand when further prosecution | must in the public interest be left in | the main to the criminal courts, while the national legislature. quitting time- | consuming and resultless crimination | and recrimination in discussion, re- sumes its basic function of legislating wisely and constructively. There Is vitally important work of this kind for | Congress to do. - A further fnducement to the Senate | to turn from ‘‘grand jury” work to that of legislating respecting the vital concerns of over a hundred million _people may be found in the discovery that even a slight bungling by the congressional investigators may give the investigated an immunify bath | and thus facilitate the escape from nunishment of the guilty danger forces a confes potency Whenever a witness suspicion refuses to testify The Star has no sevious complaint against senators of any party or fac- | tion because they have sought rea- ~onably to capitalize the disclosures for partisan or factional advantage. So long as politics and human nature are as they are nothing else is to be expected. What The Star has com: "plained against is that at times the making of political capital has seemied to be the paramount purpose of the inquisitions, days and weeks being devoted to the merest piffie. And in the meantime the legislative business of the government suffered. on help- indications | which our | under —_— The old-fashioned 16bbyist was mote 4ingratiating, though less liberal with actual cash. —— e Crowds and Flowers. Figures of attendance at the ‘amaryllis show are not complete, but it is known that more than '50,000 persons visited the littla greenhouses of the Department ci Agriculture, and when the returns for the cloging day are in it is likely that we will be told that nearly 60,000 persons paid their respects to the amaryllis, or the “Knight's star flower,” show. This i8 strong testiriony of the interest that s felt in flowers. Not too much credit should be given the amaryllis. It is an interesting flower and has been well advertised. But the reasons for the large attendance are not to be found altogether in those facts. The pilgrims to the amaryllis show are in- terested in flowers as a general propo- sition, and a mass of bright blossoms delights them. If it had been a govern- .ment rose show OF carnation show the crowd would have been as large or Jarger. In the fall tens of thousands of people troop ‘to the government c¢hrysanthemum show, end if a dahlia =how were held no doubt as many thousands would attend. Within a few days the annual cherry blossom show will Be *on” in Potomac Park, and‘the 1zegds and paths will be erowded with i missioners as members of the com- | tween the present organization of that | i Public Utilities Commission since its | jealled the | Commisgioners have become heavy by {of two members who should devote all | {been approved by the District Com- | committee |ed with worlk. people who have traveled fat and afoot | nock trade as Alexandria ‘.’ to that to look at that spectacle. of the Potomac. 3 There is an old saying that “a free| ¥Five large rivers flow southeast into show always draws well,” but we have | the Chesapeake, the Patugent, Poto- many free shows in Washington that | mac, Rappahannock, York and James, do not draw well. It will not be said | The Potomac is considerably longer that the agriculture greenhouses are |and wider than any of the othera. For exceedingly convenient of access to|centuries the land in Virginia between our people. It has required enter-,the James and York has been called prise and esertion from many thou-, the southern neck, that beétween the sands of persors to reach them. Much | York and Rappahannock the middle carfare has been paid. People have |neck and that between the Rappahan- stood in lines squares long, or have nock and Potomac the northern neck. moved in those lines to the green-|In several places the northern neck is houses and then filed slowly through |less than ten miles wide, and in its the aisles among the flowers. No in- | broad part near the bay it is twenty. teresting plot was offered at that en- | Steamboats ply between Baltimore tertalnment. There weré no popular fand the head of navigation on each of music by a band, no jokes to laugh at, | these rivers. no comedians and no beautifully | 1In early days of steamboating on gowned actresses. The only enter-|the Potomac, that is, in the '40s and tainers were the flowers. | - | Washington and points on the Rap- Enlarged Utilities Commission. . pahannock and James. { We seem to be moving fast toward | _The Proposed bridge across the lower a Public Utilities Commission with an | R&PPahannock would® give a riuch increased membership. To ehiarge the | earer land route to Richmond from Public Utilities Commission to five the Potomac-Rappahannock counties members and retain the District Com. | 0f Westmoreland, Northusaberland, Richmond and Laneaster than is now the case, and would improve Rich { mond’s communications with the mid- mission would be a compromise be- commission and the plan which would | altogether relieve the District Commis. | Gloucester, sioners from service on it. The ques. | Queen. tion has been long discussed. The Dis- | teiet Commissioners have been the Mathews and King and La Follette and Third Party. creation, and they are also the Zon- |\ s ¥ o8 that ing Commission. Thelr duties have |t I8 naturally to be cxpected tha atle) Fabre n | there will be increasing talk of a pos- B e et nIBRt ® leible thind party under the auspices {of the farmer-labor movement, and the {name of Senator La Follette of Wis- consin as the head of it is heard more frequently than that of any one else. reason of the growth of the Distric and public utility questions have be- come numerous and complicated. Tt! has been thought that a Public Utili-| e ties Commission should be createq|!N® the east. There was a convention which would be responsible to the it New York city yvesterday of 300 District Commissioners, but of which { farmer-laborites to perfect an organi- the Commissloners would not be mem- | Ztion and consider plans for a na- bers. The plan which is embodied in | tioONal convention to be held June 17 a proposed amendment to the public |0 St. Paul or Minneapolis. Joreph »s law would have the Commi oners continue a8 members of the Utilities Commission, but would pro- | vide for appointment by the President | 'h;'r";f:.'..g".“f.':u‘fim e | senator rolled up in the primaries as testimony of sehator stands with (he Mr. Manley insisted that Renator la Follette must definitely desert the ve- publican' party and come 1 candidate, or that he will apparent leadership. Mr. Manley predivtéd that the in- dustrial leaders in the east can be or- | national farmerlabor organization, which the wih Dakota how the their time to the work of the commi sion. The proposed amendment has; been, vr very soon will be, submitted to the burcau of the budget. It h missioners, and it is understood that the chairman of the Senate District favors it. The District Commissioners should not be overload- Besides this there are lose his '305, theré were steamboats between | dle neck counties of Essex, Middlesex, | As the presidential campaign waxes | The farmer-labor movement is invad- t { Manley of Chicago, secretary of the | declared that Senator La Pellette is| farmers. But | out as a | many questions which come before the ganized and join the farmers, and the IN TODAY’S SPO'I‘LI\GI!_T .BY PAUL V. COLLINS There are now pending in Congress 2,009 Propositions for amending the United States Constitution. Some have been pending for over 100 years. | Therfe is an increasing demand that the poopie shall control the polioles of the nation and direct their repre- Sentatives in government—in all of its branches. A few days ago there was passed by the Senate'Senator Wadsworth's pro- | nrosed amendment which would re- quire that before any legislature shall be qualified to vote upon ratifi- icnlon of any federal constitutional that legisiature shall be newly elect- ed after the amendment has been sub- mited. The purpose is to get the voice of the people—and hat merely | of their hold-over representatives— upon important policies of govern- meént. . This is a government of, “v and for the people—yet it is farther away | trom being a true democracy than is | England, France or Italy, all of which | may change their government's pol- icles and the personnel of their min- ! istries overnight, while in the United States the voice of the people, how- ever vociferous and determined, is | powerless until thirteen months after it has spoken. How, then, can it be ! sald that the people rule America? \ * % % Another amendment of far-reaching | importance has received the approval | the House. It is the Norris amend- | ment in the Senate and the White | amendment in the House. Senator Norris declares that, with | the exception of that abolishing slav- i ment to our Constitution that has | ever ‘been adopted the people in their seat of power, from which, through no intent of the i framers of the Constitution, they were expelicd by the original Con- stitution and by procedent srowing up in legislative practice thereunder. It brings Congress closer to the pub- lic sentiment through which the ne 1y elected members have heen chosen. These are the proposals in the |amendment: { 1. The Congress elected in Novem- ber will go into office when Congress will convene on the first Monday of the January following | short session, begir {will be abolished. and when th {nual weseion® bexins In January will_ be the only session after {clection, and the member who {defeated at | will have no opportunity after his defeat to vote in any further sesston The issues of the campaign, therefor will at once be represented in Con- gress by the chosen as advo- which are men amendment at least one branch of4 |of the Senate, and is now pehding in: ery, this is the most important amend- | It re-enthrones | that November election | combination under the leadership of Senator La Follette would win. Whether or not he is correct in this Public Utilities Commission of @ char- acter to call for the services of a |ana reorganized Utilities Commission { Public Utilities Commission. but be- isald that he had felt that the Public i practical and sensible solution of the | be justified in regarding both the wets lawyer and engineer. . The Engineer Commissioner has about all one man can do, and it often happens that neither of the civilian Commissioners is a lawyer. The Public Utilities Com- mission has functioned well. but the | proposed plan ought to make for aj more satisfactory handling of public utility questions, which have come to be among the highly important ques- tions with which the District. govern- | ment has to deal. It was the Engiheer Columissioner who brought the plan for ah enlarged to the point where its terms are in- corporated in a proposed amendment to the law. The civillan Commission- ers seem to have been in favor of a Public Utilities Commission of which they would not be members, but are | converts to the pending plan. Com- missioner Oyster has said that he has advocated for many years a separate lieves that the plan formulated in the main by the Engineer Commissioner promises better than the creation of | an independent boatd. The District Commissioners would retain their re- sponsibility, but would have two as- sociates on the commission who would have more time, and pethaps in some ways a better equipment for dealing with utilities. Commissioner Rudolph tilities Commission “should be sep- arate and distinct from the board of District Commissioners because of the volume of work invelved,” but he be- lieved that the proposed plan “is a | vroblem.” I i ! After his stay in_the hospital as the | victim of a bullet aimed at & boot- legeer, Senator Frank Greene would and the drys with suspicion. ; —————e More discretion might have been ob- | served if Mr. Will Haye had been appointed dictator of the oil business | as well as of the motion picture in- | dustry. ! Investigation will inevitably con- sume a large amount of time if it 18 required to go into hotel registers as well as bank ledgers. or the other main phases of his en- thusiastic predictions, of course, re- mains to be seen. but it is certain that Senator La Follette is a factor seriously to be reckoned with in the approaching campaign. ————ee——— An economy league whose members | are pledged to buy no forelgn mer- chandise and trade In no foreign { money has the patronage of the King | of Belgium. An opportunity may be alforded to ascertain how a strict policy of isolation will work out. ———— For the moment the Dok prize winning plan for peace has been lost sight of, owing to the fact that there was not a word in it about oil. aleohol or pugfiism. —_— et Political managers naturally feei that solicitude should be difected to campaigh funds of the future rather than to those of the past. Whatever faults may be attributed to Mr. Sinclair, garrulity is not one | of theni. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNRON. Constant Reader. Oh, give me a bedtime story, ™~ Or some Mother Goose's thymes. A simplified repertory 1s needed to soothe the times. Give me statistics chilling, Or some scientific views, But spare me the details thrilling Ot the latest Teapot news, I'm weaty of code and cipher And the deep detective bluff. With deference I apply for Some gentle and harmless stuff. Congressional commentaries Ate getting upon my nerves. Please tell me about the fairies Or the way to make preserves. Unperturbed. “We must do something to save the eountry!” exclaimed the excited citi- zen. “It's fiot in danger,” answered Sena- tor Sorghum. “The fact that an offi- Siohmond and the Lower Potomas, | clal here and there takesa few chances Richmond seeks closer communiea: |97 is own &ccount doesn't prevent tion with that part of Virginia whicn | the cOUntey ffom being perfectly safe.” lies forty to a hundred miles south of Washington. It is & section of couns try fiot visited by a large proportion of our people, though a considerable number of Washingtonians came from there and a much greater number of Washingtonlans are descended from people who lived there, Commetce of that region is mainly with Baltimore, though it might be with Washington. There is before the Virginia legisia. ture a resolution having for its aim the building of a bridge over the lower Rappahanfiock river at the town of Tappahannook. It is about sixty miles in an air line from any places on the lower Poto- mac to Richmond, and about forty miles from many places on the lower Rappabannock to Richmond, but it is !4 roundabout way to Richmond by land or water. It is ninety miles in an alr line from Baltimore to the mouth of the Potontac and 110 filles to the mouth of the Rappahannock, and only : top; “but in these days of bootleg, a | a few further by water. Baltimore | influence extends up the Potomac to Alexandria, though in the southern Maryland peninsula, because of the decline in steamboat traffie’ and in- creass in truck traffic, Washington has & considerably larger share of the trade than it had ten years ago. Aiong Jud Tunkins says he'd like to run for office, only it would call public at- tention to 'the fact that his wife couldn’t condelentiously vote for him. Whirligig of Time. In Denfark a suspicion strong Aross in Hamlet's day. ‘Now- other lands are going wrong ‘While Denmark seems O.K. Mercenaty, But Discreet. “Would you mafry @& man for money?? “I might,” confessed Miss Cayenne. “But he’d have to show me that he got it in a way that wouldn’t bring the family into a congressional investiga- tion.” Metallic, “He had a heart of gold,” said the sorrowing relative. “Yes,” commented Uncle Bill Bottle- heart /of gold is no good without a cast-ironi stomach,” “Patience,” sald Uncle Eben, “al- ‘ways seems a heap éasier foh de man dat owes do money dan foh de one dat’s tryin' to collect.” 3 the Virginia side of the lower Potomac | and on-both sidés of. the Rappahan- nock the trade is largely with Balti- more, hearing about the: same relation to the Rappahan: cates of those issues proved by the masse ber clection | *°At present the mer | November does not take office until {thirteen months after election. when the short session begins December 1 lof the following year. He is {for a term of two years, Imonths of his term ar | marking time while the * who was repudiated at the 1 ntinues to vote and is able {in effect policies .which his constitu- !ents have rejected. The new member has actually only eleven mnotis to serv 1 new election campaign which be- |®ins practically in the midst of his first eix months in active duty. ap- at the Novems er elected in spent .ox |2 Under the present constitutional { provision, it the people fail to eleet * ia Peesident and the election is thrown | {into the House, it is the old House lwhich chooses the new President. {Vital policies which had been rejected {by the people may thus be enacted |into law by a rejected Congress and {approved by a President entirely op- |posed to the decielon of the masses of the people. Or a Sénate of which the majority {may be Mhold-over members = may i '| COURAGE “I am the master of my fate I am the captain of my soul. 1 —HENLEY. i | | THE BAREFOOT HOY. So poor were the parents of Hud- son Maxim that he did not Have a {hat o a pair of shoes until he was {thirtéen years old, and he was born {in little Orneville, Me,, where winters ‘are real. | At one time he {through the snow Imiles from home. He learned his {letters when *hine. and started to school when (welve, the teacher supplyiig his books. His first nioney was 80 cents, received for one week's |work in a hay field, and this fund | bought his first geagtaphy. | Then, attending Maine Wesleyan {Semihaty at Kents Hill, three !months of the year, he eafned his {way by working on farms, ow rail- {roads, in stone quarries and in brick- | yatds, and boarded himself, his usual diet being beans and brown bread. When able to teach at the couhtry school later he attended the seminary two terms a year, but was not graduated until twenty-five years old. Next, a partner in a printing and publishing business, he helped get out a new s. ne:r of teaching pen- raanship, and sold nearly half a mil- lion coples; then hard times kiiled the enterprise. At thirty he began devoting his time to ordnance and explosives, and was the first man to _make:smokeless powder In this country. When _thirty-seven yeats old - he built a dynamite factory ahd smoke- less powder mill at Maxim, N. J. which place wis named for him. While he was experimenting with fulminate compound his left hand was blown off in an explosion of the mical. CBEMISHL ho sold to the United States government his secret of maximites the first high explosive o be fired through armor plate. He also sold to it his_invendon of a system of driving torpedoes SRS otorite. called mo > S Bince 1898 he has been consulting engineet for the H, 1 du Pont de Nemours Powder Company o il mington, Del, and sifice 1915 -has been a member of the United States navy consulting “ He has many other inventions to his eredit, has written esveral books, and to- day, at-70, is prominent in’ sefentific circles all over the world. (Copyright, 1928.) [Lack of Unity Held Harmful to Workers To the Editor of The Ster: % In yout isue of-the 20th appears an’ inquiry as to why Congress has taken no action on the proposed retirement and increased ‘annuity bill, on which Jjoint hearings were held last Jatuary. Poseibly the reason is that there are went batefbot to school, in active legislation and faces two | choose @ Vice President out of har- mony with the public sentiment of the time. In case of a deadlock in the House in failing to elect a. Pros- ident, this Vice President would be- come President and defeat the will of_the people. The propored amendment stipulates that in case neither a President nor a Vice President shall be chosen by Congress within the limit of time | preseribed, Congress may provide by law what official shall serve as Pres- ident wnti] the House shall have ¢hosen-a President or the Senate a Vice President. At present there is no power to nafe a President to eover the inter- val and usurpation or aharchy might prevail. The law specifying the presidential succession through mem- bers of the cabinet, which was adopt- 0d- oon after the assassination of President Garfield. would not reach a situation wherein no President nor Vice President had been elccted, for there would be no cabinet in office. * k& x In the hearings which have been held by the House committes on elee- tion of President and Vice President, of which Representative White (re- publican) of Kansas is chatrman, it has been pointed out that the main object of ‘the amendment is to bring members of Congress closer to the date of their election than the thir- | teen months interval which now ex- { ists. When the Constitution was adopted | it was necessary to give plenty of time for members to travel by horse- back through the undeveloped coun- try. Means of communication and ! travel were very different from pres- | ent mefns. Now, with railroads and | aifplanes, and with telegraph and radlo communication, there is no need for so great intervai of time fof travel, or communication of the re- i sults of elections. { FEven more important than install- | ing newly slected members into pow | er is to put defeated members out of ower, lest they persist in voling ntrary to the expressed mandates { of the election | "1t has been argued that to make | the date for the convening of the new Congress the first Monday in the Jan- following election, and for the inanguration of the President the | third Monday of the same January. would work hardship on both th membefs end the President, who would not have time to adjust their bhusine: to arrange their | policies before ng up the duties vllive. ¥ 1o In answer to the argument that t pew President would need more time for the selection of his cabinet, it is pointed out that usual abinet is selected at the 5 | the nominating convention or cer- tainly te the election, Also it is oted that in countries having what re known “responsible tries," 4 new cabinet is often chosen within a days after an OVer- throw of the government repudiated by a vote of “lack of confidence. There are members who express pointed skepticism of the capacity of th and such statesmen resent t that it is essential that Congress on 100 closely 1o the voice of pop- ular vots at election, since the peop {eannot know the merits 9f the great insues before Congress, This stand is opposed by others who express great- er faith in “pure democri The general trend both within and outeld of Congre eems to be greater attention to the decisions of tiie masse The prople have a right to be fwrong, if they see fit, and, as argued ¢ the supporters of all the proposed endments trending toward a resto- ration of the power of the masses, that i& far more truly réepubfcan and inearer the ideals of pufe democracy {than the toleration of assumption of iperior wisdom by their rel repfesentatives, Hence the worth requirement that only after the people shall have newly elected a ! legisiature shall have power to, rtify a federal itutional amend- | ment and the amend- ment ousting ucks” imme- diately after popular rejection at the | polls. 3 (Copyright, 1924, by Paul V. Coilins.) |Beautifying Capital i Urged in Boston | Washington Is as much the city of | Boston. of New England, of every American community as it is of the men and women who make it their residence. Not only i8 a city exprese- 1y set aside to be the National Capi- t of minis- it | esteemed as the posseseion of all the | people, but all citizens wherever resident are taxed directly for its support. For more than forty yeari until within a few vears ago, evefy Washington for the upkeép and de- velopment of the District of Colum- bin was matched with one contribu- I ted from the general Treasury ~deral government; and to ame principle of a division sponsibility is retained, the proportions are now 60-40, in- stead of 50-50, the residents of the | District paving tha larger When the democratic administration began to asxume power in 1013 re- peated attempts were made in Con- gress o force upon the taxpayers of the District the sole burden of main- taining the National Capital, but all failed. because of the intelligent recognition that Washington is the Peopie’s City'” and common fairness dictated that the whole country should bear a reasonable share of the expenscs of maintaining it. However, it i8 upon no sordid basis of financial interest that the country is organizing today to secure an artistic development of the physical Washington that>shall realize meas- urably the dreams of civic beauty which Inspited its founders. The L'Bn(ant pian has been followed only in {ts ‘gefieral outlines, and it re- quired the herculean geal and fore- sight of a "Bose" Shepherd to save even that from almust utter neglect. The plahs of the Burnham or Me- Millan Ptk Comfhission of a gen- eration ago provided a guide and in- spiration which have achieved some- thing, although they also have too often been ignored in the institution of publie improvements; and the cre ation of the Commission of Fine Arts as ah advisory body in city planning a few years ago, partly through the insistence of the late Samuel W, Mc- Call of Magsachusetts, was a belated recognition of the importance of di- recting the growth of Washington as far ad possible along artistic lines. Within the last few years the Ameri- can Civic Assoclation has employed much of its time and energy in a successful effort to emlist the Inter- est of forward-looking people every- where in the task of substituting system. for chanee in. the suitable developritent of the National ital, Teday no lets than fifty of the lead- ing American cities, including Bos tan, Springfield; Worcester and Provis dence, in New Hngland, have formed special -committees -to co-operate with the assoclation.and with Con- gress in the drive to- unite sciencé and beauty in the scheme, of Capital development. ¢ These fifty committées on the fed- ®ral city have been asked to send ropresentatives to Washington on April 9, wher, Incidentally; the Amer- ican Civic "Association u com- memorate its twentieth n:;s 'vefsary, and-it will celebrate the day in pro- moting national interest in its pur. o6 of carfying to fruition (with all 6 modern improvements) the L’En< asnbiigton and - TeRersohec: sonich In n whi aims_to make th T United States the in the it woul hroader ‘mores lh:y xul 5 ay the of re- u: 1 the" the active service of newly elected! Writer Says Plant One of Most . Valuable to Commerce. To the Bditor of The Star. Away back, when our Agricultural Department had not yet materialized, with the development of New Amster- dam and other things in the colonies on this side of the Atluntic, the Dutch and British wers “carrying on” in Java to the gvod - old tune of “Capt. Jinks of the Horse Marines” That 800d, old song relates how the cap- tain “fed his horse on corn and boans.” Now, thereby hangs a tale. Probably as carly as the sixteenth century Dutch sailing vessels pene- | trated what is now known as the Dutch East Indies, trading with the natives, and, fortuns favoring them, roturning after a few ynn'wm: a Tieh cargo and a store of knowledge. Duteh ships do not ply the Inaian ©0cean now in search of a_cargo, nor do they visit the Straits Settlements in gearch of knowledge. They carfy the knowledge with them and find a once trading wi cOVer of the SRiD A" gune e wWACH, buckling captain giving orders to a m‘odu?hc;ew of white, brown, ‘dlow at-not, evil-eyed, treacl —gnee, but not i roibals 5 ire: big nuildings, steam, “efectricity. and call ‘modern methods have made possible thé de- yelopment of trade'in keeping with the methods of world civilisation. Many years ago. when the writer | s fiFwt Introduced to cassava flour, t secmed strange and unpsual that a Droduct used so much in this country s come fro - EHEES e from far-away Java and 'he cassava manihot utilissima is @ shrub, so-called, and under culti- vation reaches a'height of six to eight fect. Left to grow rank with age, It will go greatly beyond this. The leaves are paimate, the bloom is | white and rose-colored in some Bpe- cles, while in others the colors range in spreading clusters from greenish purple to JIEht grecnish yellow. nterest you t Bontanic Garden in SRashinbion ana specimen of s imen of this piant. From it e roots, which are the only val- uable portions of the plant, grow in clusters, weighing from five to thirty pounds. Cass a was known in Florida sixty years ago, and during the eivil war was used for making starch in small quantities. Caseava slarch did not become an article of trade until 1896, Cuba and South America ship latge quantities of cassava four and swarch 110 us. Our own emall crop is used for stock feed. All kinds of stock feat it 1t i, in fact, good for man and beast, but as an article of food for | n it must be treated fifst by Leing | | scraped, dried and baked. The fresh | [ roots coniain prussic acld (hydrocs- | anic acid), but the process of baking | {eliminates this. 4 e In the past year 50,000,000 bushel: of cofn was used in the manufacture | of starch, byt our demands are so! great that other products must be| [ utilized o obtain this imporfant | | product. The latest availabie figures 1Show that in 1920 wa imported 119,- 746,219 pounds of cassav { | county couneil, 1 ia Comparison of His Docirines With ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN Q. 'How old is Ramsay MacDonald and whers was he educatéd?—T. D. A. J. Ramsay MacDonald was botn at Lossiemouth, Scotland, in 1866 His | parerts were not wealthy and he did not receive a college edication, but | attended boarding school. He early | entered politics. He wase secretary of | the labor party 1900-1901, and from 1901-1904 a member of the London | He is the author of ‘Society and Government,” “Social Unrest” and “National Defensc.” | Q. How did the Florida parishe, YBA)ullrfllll;l happen to be so called A. The Florida parishes formerly comprised a part of western Florida. | In 1810, 200 men, headed by Gen. Philemon Thomas, marched against Baton Rouge, then held by Spain, and were successful in obtaining control | of the fort. They held a meeting and formed what they called the free and independent state of western Florida. Jhey (mmediately notified the Presi- | ent of the United States of their act, | stating that they would like to be | admitied to the Unlon, provided their | freedom were goaranteed. The United [hold it more secu! States ‘government re d that they occupied was a part of | the Louisiana Purchase, and therefore | already belonged to the government. | A force was dispatched to take over | western Florida. Later, when Loui- | siana was admitted to the Union, the | Florida parishes were made a part | of the new state. 5 Q. What is the “Jefferson Bible . C. A. This_is a compilation of texts| made by Thotas Jefferson, which he used in ofdering his daily life. It was entitled “The Life and Morals of Jesus of Nazareth Extracted Textu- ally From the Gospels: Together With Those of Others.” Q. What is the present capital of | Russia’—B. M. A. The capital of soviet Russia is Moscow. Q. How much pald when our formed?—A. T. ! A. Until 1814 the rate was $6 a day | during actual time Congress was in | #esslon. At this time, on account of | the increased cost of living, the pay was increased to $1,600 a vear, re- gardless of length of time that Con- gress sat. were congressmen government was | ~ i Q. When was the Unive: Philippines established?>—W. C. A. The University of the Philippines was founded by the legislature in 1908, at Manila. It comprises a col- | ege of liberal arts, a college of medi- cine, @ college of law, a school of education, school of fine arts and a | college of agriculture. The annual enrollment is about 750. 1 ty of the <. Q. What was the earliest patriotic song in this country?—F. N. T. { the Fourth of | shape ana sivie lis called a an ornament | hefm been writin | seven vears ren, his first novel appe valued at | | §5,848,677, 1 ‘The earil patriotic song in Dextrine, a cassava product, enters | America which L. . Elson has been Into trade all about us. In the art of | 3ple to unearth is a “liberty song" making paper dextrine is used to ob- | advertised in the Boston Chronicie of e to know what they want, ! people 1o k o | | weavers, toward | Wads- | {tal, and for no other purpose, to be | ollar collected of the taxpayers of | by the | excent that | share. | {taln a gloss and certain desirable tints, glazing of cards; alko for gum- | ming envelopes, postage and revenue | stamps. It is also wsed in the manu- | | facture of certain inks and pastel | work. From dextrine printers’ roll- | ers are made, chain dressing for lip kiue, eolid bandages to | be used in dressings for fracture. 1t makes an excellent court plaster. |, Lelogumme, a starch product made from this plant, is used in the calico mills in the New England states in ithe treatment of cloth before print- {ifg. Without it this printing could inot be done. |, ¥rom 33 to 45 per cent dextrine can {be baked with the bread without its Ibeing noticeable. Keepe well and adds | to the flavor. Dextrine is made from the cassava flour. In fact, sometimes lh{ flour is called dextrine. >ea tapioca is made from cadsava | 4lso made from wheat. - This tarch product and is quite deli <io {_ The writer guotes from Bulletin No, 3, Manila Merchants’ Association. {Manila, P. &, the following: In| 1304 the Federated Malay States ex- | {ported to Rurope and the United tes 37,632 tons of tapioca products |\'E|IIPL| at $1.663,508. There is hardly a barrio in the Philippines that has | not a few of these plants (manihot). | In spite of the development of the | |great piantations in far-away Java {and elsewhere, this woods shrub, so | valuable, is_a native of Brazil, ac- cording to Mr. S. M. Tracy, agrono- ist, Department of Agricuiture. H On the big estates it grows as an | | intermediate crop with coffes, tubber, | cocoa and fiber-bearing plants. In 3 | dentally, manihot utilissima belongs to the euphorbiaceae family and is therefore closely related to the rub- | ber tree, manihot glagiovii, a wonder- : ful plant, of which the writer has but | Dbriefly written. H Due to its starch valué and low | cost cassava flour paste is used all | over civilization in the marufacture | of paper hoxes, principally in the op- eration of covering the boxes with ! glazed paper and the ornamental | strips of gilt, linings, fiy leaf, ete., 8o | common to ordinary, small, square boxes. A fine grade of alcohol and a hig 1d per tonnage is produced by dis- tion of the manihot, but it seems that the othér pfoducts are most val- | uable. Glucose is obtained to the extent of 10 per cent of the weight of the Tresh roots, and this product finds a ready | market. H The frade valué of cassava flour i§; based on its white standard. It is naturally not white, but of a pinkish | hue. Bleaching with the aid of chem- | icals ix practiced in this case. | Finally, there is not an article on | our list of imports that we brush into €0 constantly as we do with this Won- derful plant, the products of which the writer has but briefly written at this time. FRANK McCARROW. In a Few Words We éan thank God that the world war was started in 1814, instead of I jm! | viewed with a deal of suspicion every { ernization, by the ! Because Great Britain, apparently to appeared to do all in its power to | the latest meve for the separation of | American commentators. Oetober 16, 1763. Mrs. Marey Warror wife of Gen. James Wafrem' of Py mouth, Mas, wrote the words. e was Boyces “Hearts of O: Mra. Warren bagan the i Aner cusiom of setting patriotic v an English melody. “Yankee antedated: this song, but, says Elson, not as an American patri work, for originally it was a derision of the Americar Americans admired the though it was. used Early in our natonal ¢ cans appropriated the Save the King As carly 7 melody was adapted to American ainst even | & set of patriotic verses having written 1o+t and pubi “Pennsylvanis Pack.” A r ly”. was written 1 the same tune, and became very pop ular. During the last c eighteenth century March” was the leading instrument work of the American repertoire. o the _satety. pin i A. The first safets pins were Iong slender pins of bronze, characterist of Ttaly. Evidently some one one da conceived the idéa of bending body of these pins after puttin pin_ through the garmefit, so as i rely. Later an im plied that the provement was made by having a d formation in the hend of the pin, con taining several twists' of fin which aected as a spring and | pin In place. The original b is sald to have been found in dating back to the-tenth B. C.” There have been wany tions of the material uscd f the s it is interesti to notr primitive and simplest one which has survived and s at the present time. Q. What is the name of the ¢ {mental image which projects fror | prow of a vessel?—G. G. D. A. If the image is a figure project ing beyond the stem of the vessel, | “figurehead.” If it is in in the form of n en bossed shicld and does not project in any way, it is cailed a “bo ornament. Q. What relighn has iB. H . The aboriginal gan. Where these peopie brought into contact with €hrist they adopt Christianity very 'readi Phill storie A. E. Phillips Oppenheim first short story published thirty ago, when he cight ing when h s Opper . G, had hi Q. How long has was twenty How high do they ™ Q. and how long are A. The hydrog: the extreme he has been es their length at frou (Readers of The Evening Starcan art the answer to any question by i The Star Information Buwrean. Prederis J. Haskin, Director, 1220 Norih Capi Street. Inclose @ cenls in stom return postage.) riting Real Modernization of Turkey Seen in Overthrow of Caliph The real modernization of Turkes | seems to stand out finally in the abo- | ition of the caliphate and the ban- | ishing of the caliph from his ancient see in Turkey, in the opinion of a| great many American editors. For | centuries the Christian world has move toward feadjustment, for mod- | ‘unspeakable Turk.” appease the miilions of Mohammed- ans who are its subjects, for a time | help Islam keep its spiritual head, mosque and state by the natiohad Turkish ‘assembly takes on a special ! significanee. Many are conelusions drawn by Surprise at | he tradical départure from custom. ver, is the mote most expressed. look for a Turkey that will take its place before many years as a real world power. Others see the be- ginning of a tolerance that may end for all time the massacre of Christian hordes that have shocked the world from time to time. Let us not be ton sure” says the | Manchester Union, “that the Turk is incapable of modernization. A people who can withstand any such revolu tion as is represented by Turke: renunciation of spiritual leadership of | Islam is capable of other transforma- tions.” The fear of an Islamic upfis- ing gets no great credence as a re- sult of Turkey's democratic attitude. As the Waterbury Republican points out, “the caliph has been without temporal power now for more than a_year, and Islam has givén no sign of an lintent to fise in a holy war fist the usurpers. Kefial &nd his Assoclates are probably entitled to feel confident, therefore, that their decision to abolish the caliphate will provoke little protest on. Feliglous grounds.” * % % % “The only expianation,” says the Springfield Republican, “is that mod+ erfilsm has got a stronger hold upon the Tufkish people than has generally been fecognized.’ Turkey's command- ing position in the world of pelitics may not be retainéd without the re- liglous prestige it held, according to the view of the New York Evening Post, which @eclares “Titke¥ appears 5‘ to have thrown away her trump card, to _have sacrificéed ofi the altar 35 mplerhism the bugaboo menace 1slaf that frighténied her foes into a show of friéndliness.” The temporal power wlil rise again in_some place 1921, as By the latter yeat the Ger: man fldet Would have beeh completed and would have swept the world, ~ —RBEAR ADMIRAL PLUNKETT. ‘While no one Would think of assert- N l tas o e G&:’!flnt “l.‘. qlu‘é ot Eflufi.‘hl ot in! resul et ing or assuming that the gorilla is the ancestor of man, there can be no doubt of & close re|lllunlhlfi They had o common andestor, which has not yet been detefmined, bt sclence is on its trall.—CARL W. AKELRBY. The one single purpose of civiliza- tion is to make man happier; happier than wheh he was a al'.fi& Ir-it ailure. falls short of that it is a f: —JUDGE WESLEY 0. HOWARD, I don't think ‘there is a human being who, dimly, hasn't thought the. same things that Shakespeare did; That's 'h{ he has his universal appeal.—DAVID WARK GRIFFITH. There fg & new spirit in Burope, 1 have never been a imist, but today when you nyguu 'sel & difr- ferent sentiment in Europe you afe {lsm—u ig here. I am Mmore hopéful han ever befote -(I&;- the m:fil —! elgh er, 1 belleve that & constitution which enables an engihe cléaner of yosters day to be a Beeretafy B tat 164 great coistitution. —J. H. THOMAS (Labor M. P.). The formation of the United Statss of Furope will prove inevitable. cause Kurope is much too smal tor the ola_game of politio L 5UNT VON BERNSTORFF. Ametica is the land of makeé-belléve. Talk of' the American h'n‘g- led business man all & m ‘There are more cranks to thi juare mile in America thi tl Qg t of ‘the world. —] Varted to so- and shortly, according to the Philadelphia Publlc Ledger, which declares “the caliph can be exiled, of eoutss, but Angora can no more abolish the allphate than Mussolini, by expelling the Pope from Rome, could abolish the papacy.” The surprising part of it, in tue view of the Wilkes-Barre Record, "i that the Turks, o fanatical in their religious affiliations and so wedded to custom and tradition, are yielding to passive obedlence Lo the decree.” This Journal also sees the aim of the Youns Turks to westernize (he nation in habits and customs and form of gov- ernment. “It i hopad,'? it adds, “that these severances will be followed by the suppresgion of the massacre of Christian populations thst gréw out of Mohammedan fanaticisp. A gov- ernment that has gofie so faf ifi abol- ishing customs &hould emerge broad spirit of tolerance fo subjects who are not of the Mohammedan faith. In_a fiofe: of less facetious véin, the Providence Joutnal bembafis the utter er&{nfll fof sentiment shown in the attitude of thé> teformers of hot Turkéy, and sympathl: ith that DALt of the world “to Whort: Fomance and the allirement of the pletufésque mean more than diplomacy and eth- nical politice,” which “sighs and spec- ulates upon the latter-day disregard of symbols of legendary tales” It looks like the end of Mohammedanism to the Wichita Eagie, which con- cludes “slowly but surely, and at the moment dramaticaily, Mohammed goes to the mountain and to his grav * %k ¥ ¥ . The possibility of a new caliphate in anothér eentér of the Moslem world causes speculation as to what ?’ happen to the Angora mssembly ‘Islem seeks revenge. “It is just possible, t6o,” says the Colambus Dis- patoh, “that a caliphate outside of urkay s . itselt. more trou- blesoime to the ned® regime in Angor than if it were located within™ O the other hand, the New York declares, “once. the Turks hav rupted the spiritual unity.of the lem world on their own initiative would seem that the secular politic of the near east ought to'have no re percussion in Ind the calip OUisYi Courier-Journal, ill not be a death wound, r since the time whe he Tu the caliphate from Bagdad onstantinople has the suitan be recognized universally by Mos The action of the Angora asse: a startling . break with according to the Baltimore Sul declares it “a step e¥en mo " tous than that taken wh poral autherity of the Pops stricted to the Vatic “This determination o spiritual head of Mohammedan to vofce church from = key makes credence clates the Milwaukee have the effec Dealer dec Turkey from A far-reaching the Lansing Sta tures th “from pe official religion, ment and the.y proceeds to abc her elected rept: the it nev took You Pay Your Way HN CARLY LY Beware of eptim : Beware of that variery of and get-rich-qu somewhare betweer ness and a maud! not 1o look oF to se There is & preached from and written that is destined than good. It eptimisti theory fhat teaches. a young ma: that he can get education without stdy, that he can have culture with out paying the price, that he can achieve succes without hard work Those who set forth this theory do not mean to misr. 2 are honestly advocating energy. They arc the a They even do good in natyral inertia But be careful pel. Put their ih (et the facts from life. Young people —while they arc cannot negiect t school, thing el by means months of inten make up for 3 Weeks of cramm for, months of & Not lohg ago 1 heard speech, made by a brill No_man could listen to fhat speech and not be sure that the speakér knew what he was talking about. “You have studied that subject much,” sald one who approached the gpeaker after he had linished “I have worked on that ‘speech eight years,” he replied. And K might ‘haye added that thefe were other years of hard study and faith- ful preparation before that: % There is no short road to knowidk what you are talk hout. Daniel Webster, in one of his great paid high tri to the Rritish empire. He wanted 1o sat that the possessions England stretched so far that the sun never set upon her colonies. “The drums of her marching men keep company with the hours,” ex- claimed Weébster, in what seemed a spontaneous burst of eloquen, “What a_wonderful speech!” cried Webster's friend after it -was ove: “And to think you speke extempo- faneously 5 - ad “Extemporaneously?” said the great orator. “I have beén prepafing fov this speech all my life."* Beware of any Kind of optimism Which téaches a maf that he can geét anything for nothing. (Copyright, 1024.) seher ot esent f Anats at any ~ up for it A few canngt of drudgery cannot meke wp of brilliant nt man addresses,