Evening Star Newspaper, March 18, 1924, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY.......March 18, 1924 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office. 11th St. and Penns ia Ave, New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Chicago Offi e: Tower Buil an Office: 16 Regent St., London, England. The Evening Star, with the Sunday morning edition, is delivered by carriers within the eity at 60 cents per month: daily only, 43 cents per month: Sunday oniy. 20 cents’ per month. Onle's m: or t phone Main 5000. Collection iy made by ear. Tiers at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance, Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday..1yr., $5.40; 1 mo,, 70¢ Daily on'y .1yr.,$6.00; 1 mo,, 50¢ Sunday only -1y, $2.40; 1 mo., 20c § All Other States. Daily and Sunday.1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo., 85¢ Daily only . Iyr, $7.00;1mo, 6uc Sunday only. 1yr, $3.00:1 mo., 25¢ Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press i exclusively entitled fo the use for republication of all news dis- atches credited 10 it or not otherwise credited n this paper and also the local news pub- dished herein. Al rights of publication of special di il When Will Rent War Cease? In the war, prolonged by threats of reprisal, between tenants and land- lords accused of profiteering, there is | little danger that tenants will suffer in legislation regulating rents, There are many more Wi ington tenants than Washington landlords, and only | a fraction of the landlord minority are | accused of profitcering. Our legisla- tors, who make the fair-rent laws, are very largely tenants; there are among | them perhaps no landlords, certainly no profiteering landlords. Clearly, then, the s of public sympathy in the city and in Congress is with the tenants, and vigorous pro- tection of tenant interests in rent legislation is in effect guaranteed, up to .the extreme point at which the : Constitution of the United States and ceonsiderations of public policy forbid further rent-regulating legislation. There is now much less danger that ‘we shall sacrifice aggrieved or threat- ened tenants than that we may, if not careful, in exc of zeal to protect | tenants sacrifice or weaken some con- stitutional protective principle, power or privilege which is essential to the weilfare of the whole community. The rental law, for example, wa enacted as temporary legislation, justi- fixl by the continued existence of emergencies growing out of the war ‘with Germany, which resulted in rental | conditions dangerous to the public health, burdensome to public officers and employes and embarrassing the the ways and means committee of the THE perils surpassing those in the tales'never be realized, because many of with which Othello wooed Brabantio’s the old forts have disappeared and the daughter. And as we sit snugly by city has grown over their sites. But our own firesides we feel stirring wlun-l in us the high resolve that Americans 'remain and the Engineer Commis- shall succeed where others failed;,sioner has a plan for a Fort drive that no hardships, no obstacles, how- { which will follow .existing roads and ever seemingly insuperable, shall turn | call for the building of short roads us back from being the first of avia- | here ard there It is planned that tors to circumnavigate the globe. this route shall be improved as a drive It is, truly, a splendM’ adventure | by which men may visit the sites of upon which the four Army aviatorsa number of the forts beyond. the have set out, and all Americans may | Eastern branch and a number of fort justly be proud of them. We' know |ruins and fort sites between the East- that the flying men of other 'riations!ern hranch and the upper Potomac. have failed in like undertakings, but|It will not be so fine a Fort drive as we cannot bring ourselves to the be- | was planned a third or a half century lief that failure Is in store for Maj. ago, but it will have to serve. Martin and the three other neck-or- Another old plan is the parkway to nothing young fellows who are with | connect Rock creek and Potomac him. Somehow the names Martin, |parks, That plan is not so old as the Smith, Wade and Nelson do not sug- | Fort drive plan, but it is in a fair gest failure. They suggest, rather, the | way to be carried out. Various tracts blood of pioneers; a lineage from men | have been acquired on both sides of who blazed new trails and overcame [ Rock creek between the Zoo and the a’wilderness. May the blood of their | Potomac and others are soon to be forefathers win them through °to|added to the parkway. achievement and a safe return! I There also- s 'the olden plan for But the .around-the-world flight!taking over the hills 'and rock cliffs shoull not be looked upon as merely ' between the Aqueduct bridge and an adventure to win plaudits for the { Great Falls as a national park There fiyers. It is intended to serve a highly {Is life in this project, and if the practical purpose in the developing | Potomac hydroelectric plan becomes | science of aviation, and is meant to|a “going concern” much of the land make up some of the ground which | between Little Falls and Great Falls America has lost to aviation rivals. | will be taken under government own- 1t is not a matter for pride that this |ership and reserved as park. Inde- country, which gave birth to the:pendent of the hydroelectric project, heavier-than-air machine, should lag |the Board of Trade recently adopted a so far behind other nations in develop- | resolution that it “actively supports ing its possibilities. The one thing|and urges the passage of appropriate most needed in order that America | bills or resolutions providing for an shall take its rightful place among |early survey of the banks of the Po- flying nations is stimulation of public | tomac from the Highway bridge on interest, to the end that both military | the Virginia side and the Key bridge and civil aviation shall have the sup- | on the Washington side to Grea: port they require. And as we follow | Falls.” Such a survey would be pre- the course of the four Army aviators | liminary to the preservation as a park around the world it is likely to be [of lards bordering the Potomac. brought home to the average citizen that he has a stake in the flying game and a share of the responsibility to see that his own country does not fall behind because moral encouragement and financial support are withheld. Speaking of Politics. _ When President Coolidge said that “guilt Is personal” he made a sapient observation with an application bear- ing upon the general political situa- House Committee vs. Mellon. tion. Events are rapidly justifying The issue as to the soldler bonus, a project which has been charac- terized as “a righteous obligation to the defenders of our nation” and “an unscrupulous raid upon the United States Treasury,” is clearly joined in the majority and minority reports of to the republican party’s interests and , his own candidacy for the presidency. It has been the hope of the democrats that theé disclosures in the oil investi- gation and the Inquiry into the De- partment of Justice now pending would diminish the prospects of the ! republican party and even impair those of President Coolidge getting the nomination. The administration’s prompt action in the possible criminal the Teapot Dome affair, already yiekl- ing results, relieved the President and | the party of any charge of dilatoriness House made public yesterday. That issue resolves itsclf into so simple a matter as whether the estimates of the Treasury Department are right or wrong. Secretary Mellon has told the pub- ic that a bonus cannot be paid and taxes cut at this time—that an in- federal government in the transaction {or of trying to shield any republican EVENING STAR, WASHINGT! some of the fort ruins and fort sites | the statement, especially with regard, aspects of { e come tax reduction of 25 per cent will of the public business. |more than wipe out the surplus a 1f Congress, reasonably gIVINE 10 |crying under the present scale of tax- tenants the benefit of every doubt,|ation. Apparently aware of the pop- finds that the justifying emergency | ylar demand that nothing is to stand Still exists, it will make further spe-!in the way of tax reduction, the ma- law, but will not declare this tem-|mittce, strongly favoring the bonus, porary legislation to he permanent. |nave investigated the matter of On the same principle, in extending | Treasury receipts and expenditures, or re-enacting the rentals law, Con-|and flatly deny the assertion of Mr. gress will doubtless continue to limit ' Mellon. the scope of application of the law| Thus, provided one regards the 1o the real estate involved in the Cap-, soldier bonus project from the eco- ital's housing necessities and will not | nomic rather than the ethical view- restore the proviso, once deliberately | point, the ultimate fate of the pro- stricken from the law, extending its;posed measure apparently depends application to business properties. jupon whether Congress elects to be The purpose of fair-rents legislation : guided by Secretary Mellon or the is commendable. 1t attacks and aims | majority of the ways and means com- | involved. Demonstration of the coun- try's faith in President Coolidge has been made in recent elections for the selection of delegates, by the selection {of Coolldge delegates in widely sepa- There is reaction from the first horrifying shock over the oil dis- closures as the investigation takes on | cal animus. There is further reaction on account of the character of the { probe. One hears comment from the iman In the street expressing im- patience over the scope of the inquiry ! that seems immaterial politically. The political drive is not registering effectiveness. There is evidence that |against the time when the clections b ; rated sections over his only opponent. | cific extension of the rentregulating | jority of the ways and means com- {sucha partisan status disclosing pomLI and with the development of so much | to prevent the war-time evil of extor- | tion by excessive rents for housing. ! In respect to one item and in one spot | in the United States it seeks to re- duce by arbitrary methods the high | cast of living during war and during the period of post-bellum reconstruc- | tion. ; Genuine effective fair-rents legisla- | tion has naturally been popular lo- | cally. Non-profitcering Washington landlords and house-owners whose | property is threatened with increased | taxes as a result of excessive rents extorted by others are in hearty sym- | pathy with tenants. All good Wash ingtonians would check if they could | the war of reprisals between land.! lords and tenants which has raged to the injury of the District. They would | make substantial sacrifices to elim-! inate an evil for which the unthink- ing, by too broad generalization, hold this whole community responsible, to the damage of the good repute of the Capital. ‘These sacrifices shouid, however, be reduced by Congress to a minimum, enly thosc that are absolutely essen- tial being demanded, and the period of their endurance being limited to the time required to meet the necessities of the case. A fair rents law, impartial between {well wait. mittee in the matter of the national|come on politics will still be politics budget. This choice, influenced by !along old lines, and the two parties political consklerations, will be mndelwm g0 to the polls facing normal is. in the near future. sues, and perhaps a third entry. It is generally anticipated that the e T i honus measure as reported to the| pair Beach tele - House will pass both bodies Of CON| cor wo ahess for o . ot Tours camry gress and be vetoed by the President. | 0 ang receiving in plain English, Whether or not it can be passed over ) the presidential veto will, it appears, Whamg! o depend upon how a half-dozen sena- £ tax reduction proposed, the public is ors feel as to the relative reliability S itoctalth b6 {08er Cent patienit. of Secretary Mellon and the House —_———————— ways and means committee as finan- cial oracles. Considering the political, { It needed Washington Court House, industrial and economic consequences | Ohl0, to show Washington, D. C., what a really swift pace could be like. According to some definitions a “moron” retains the intellectual status The fishing season is at hand, but of a child, but not the innocence, the man with a good fish story may as Nobody will have time to listen to him during the present ex- citement. ——— BY PHILASDER JOHNSON. A private view of the income tax returns of men involved in the ofl in- A Belated Understanding. vestigation should prove an occasion ;Said Granddad unto Great-granddad, of informative value, if mot of secial | “Dime novels you once saill were bad. pleasure. ‘When such things in my hands you'd et e see, Should his resources run seriously {OP» ¥, how you would punish me!” low, Albert B. Fall might make a feW | yn16 Grandded said Great-granddad, SHOOTING STARS. {lucrative platform appearances as @ | «Compared to what we've lately hafl hypnotist. landlord and tenant, will (1) avoid un- American class legislation, solely and unfairly in the interest of tenants, holding lessors firmly to the terms of their leases and releasing lessees from every obligation whatsoever in this regard; (2) will avoid carrying over into peace time for a day longer than is absolutely essential war-time sus- pension of American individual rights safeguarded by the Constitution, and @) will avold obviously unfair dis- crimination against the Capital com- munity by continuing the war sus- pension of constitutional safeguards here after they have been restored A prize fight is a short affair, but it takes a long time to get through with the lingering details. —_—— Realizing 01d Ideals. There are @ number of items which have been on the Capital improvement schedule for many years and which j civic agencies have Kept in the public mind and before Congress. Some of these were only “ideals” twenty-five years ago. but by persistence in those urging them, or by “still harping on my Uaughter,” as Polonius sald of £0 other Americans, as If the Conati. | ATIet: & part of several of the old tution of the United' States was nnt! okivjtiye \pogiiue skl Wy are in force or enforced in the District, or | ' & falr eay. £ seslias gt of iem. T Among these is the Anacostia flats 8s if the war could be over everywhere | ;o vement. That work has been else in the United States and 0ot be | carried from the mouth of the Eastern e tar i Capiial. branch to Benning bridge and we are ———— e still hammering away at the project Bakers are accused of making bread | to reclaim the flats to the District line tmduly expensive. The production of (2nd turn the made land into park. homemade breed is apperently r .| The Board of Trade committee on ed as a lost art. X S, parks and reservations dealt with this e matter in a recent report and the A board approved the report and adopt- Flying Around the World. ed this resolution: No matter how humdrum and| Resolved, That this ~board very prosaic the average man's life may be, c"gem"'n" muo“-“to.‘tgo #‘fl:‘.‘.’.’&:;} ke is a poor clod, indeed, who cannot | the ln;pl;:v:amnt’ nonfmthzflsnuols.u.: find somewhere in his make-up a re-| {38 SR000 5, PG RTORG (oAs eponsive thrill to the adventures of; {nat called for the original pian for gallant youth. So the four younglmproving the Anacostia exist in '€ expans Amoricans who yesterday started or; '; .b:,',,’: Beoning bridge as they hflé flight around the world carry wi exist at any n low that bri them the envious admiration of those| 314 to climinate those conditions fs of us who must bide at home. How- :,rg: ’;.hl{.nthe L{:ov.l;l::, 3&'.'&3'.."".'&; ever timorous our souls might be when | {7 fing ¢he improvement to the flats put to the test of danger, in our|pelow the bridge be eliminated in the imaginations we would fly with them | appropriations for the coming year. over mountain and sea and desert,] Another of the ancient projects was yisiting strange lands and braving the Flort drive. Much of that plan will P Such reading seems both pure and wise; So, son, I now apologize.” The Grand Old W. B. “The prediction for tomorrow is * and warmer.’” “That's what I call good news™ ex- claimed Senator Sorghum. “I am proud of our weather bureau. It's one institution we can turn to every now and then. for real cheerful news in- volving no hint of scandal from any- fair Jud Tunkins says fashions keep changing and maybe ankles will again be concealed insteal of ears. Fighters and Photos, When pugllists the gloves bring out, By law their sport is tested. ‘The fighters finish up the bout, But the films may get arrested. All His Own Way. “Tarantula Tim had a wonderful {run of luck during the blizzara. . “It wasn’t exactly luck,” answered Cactus Joe. “He sort o’ got the whip hand socially an' financially an’ we had. to humor him. K We was snowed in, with nothin’ to do but play poker, | are bearing the expenses of two great an’ Tim_ happeéned to own the only pack of cards in the Guich.” Cheerless, gloomily. “Nothin’s dry, to speak of, exceptin’ the cow.” “An argument,” said Uncle Eben, “is all right if it aims to git at de truth; but it's- mos” generally an ef- I A Series of Articles on ON, D. C, TUESDAY, the Cost of Government; ‘Where the Money Goes, and Why. —— BY JOHNF, SINCLAIR, Author of “Can Europe Hold Together? CHAPTER XXIIL Reorgaaising the Goverament Bureaur When George Washington called his cabinet together in 1789, five men sat about the tablé with the Presi- dent. They were Jefferson. Hamil ton, Knox, Randolph and Osgood representing the State, Treasury War, Justice and Post Office Depart- ments, respectively. All the activitie: of the government were then con- fined to these five departments, each | under the airect supervision of a cakinet officer. When President Coolidge calls his cabinet together now. ten men sit about the table with Him Since the days of Washington five new depart- ments, each’ represented by a mem ber of the cabinet, have been or- ganized: Navy, Agriculture. Com- merce, Interior and Labor. Ten cabi- net members now instead of five orig- inally.. Yes, and in addition there are thirty-three separate and independ- ent departments today., carrying on governmental work, but not under the supervision of any cabinet officer When the President asks in the early summer of each year for the esti- mates of each department for the coming year, he receives the esti- mates directly from these thirty-three Independent departments as well ae trom his ten cabinet members. Up to December 17, 1920, the gov- ernment had never attempted In it» whole history “to take stock of all its activities, to distribute these ac- tivities among its seve-al services and to group those services depart mentally with a view to bringing intc existence a thoroughly harmoniou+ and efficient organization of its ad- ministrative branch.” Result: The administrative ma- chinery of today fairly bristles with defects. So a joint committee on re- organization was created by Con- gress, composesd of three senators and three representatives to (1) make a survey of such dunlications and overlappings and (2) determine what redistribution of activities should be recommended to Congress to achleve the greatest economy and | effi :lency in the conduct of govern- ment business. Survey Takes Years. About a year latér, May 5, 1921, the President was authorized by law to appoint a representative to co-operate with this committee. President Hard- ing appointed Walter S. Brown of | Ohio to act in this capacity. committee itself selected Mr. Brown to act as chairman. Then it was tion by the joint committee until Mr. Brown had canvassed the situation with the President and his cabinet and was prepared to lay before the committee a plan of action which had the sanction of the President {and at the same time conformed to { the principle laid down in the joint {resolution of Congress of December 17_1920. Brown worked quietly for two years. He ran into much troubl Government bureaucracy is dogmatic, {often blind and always stubborn. But on February 13, 1923, the President {in a letter laid his program before the committee, saying that the “changes, with few exceptions, nota- bly that of co-ordinating all agencies of national defense, had the sanction of the cabinet.” | work, another very careful and effi- clent organization was also studying the whole problem. It was the Insti- iture for Government Research, about chapter in connection with the bu- reau of the budget. It, too, made & report and submitted a plan of re- organization. So the congressional committee has had before it the re- | sults of two independent studies. These studies brought four major principles out in bold relfef: (1) That the type of organization to be adopted should be the depart- mental one. be drawn between those services which are of a purely administrative character and those which are of a quasi-legislative, quasi-judicial or other special character, and that the attempt to apply the principle of departmentalization should only be made In reference to the first. Group by Purpose or Fanction. (3) That the principle of depart- mentalization should be that of group- ing services according to their pur- posa or function rather than the char- acter of activities engaged In. (4) That each department should as far as practicable be made one in the sense that it will embrace only those services whose special func- tions pertain to the general function for the carrying out of which the department is established. Now let us turn to the plans. We 'will show In comparison the existing departmental system, then that rec- ommended by President Harding, which we will call the Brown plan, and that- suggested by the Institute for Government which we will call the Willoughby. plan: Present_system— State. War. Nav; Treasury, Justice. Post Agricultars. Commerce. Labor. 10. Interior. by e #ll Justiced" - Communications. Agticulture. Commerce; Laber. Interior. LRI Bomapapmpre | ‘Willoughby plas— 1. State Nationsl Defense. Tre: Post. Agricoltare. e Fublic Works and Public Domaiz. Bdutation and Selt Public Health, BB 9 10, in 1t will Willoughby recommendations are very similar.. Both agree that ‘the Army and Navy Departments should be merged Into one department, called the Department of National Defense. In time of war the Army and lht; ye Navy must closely co-operate, each Is organized as a separate, in- dej resu. with “largely top to bottom.” In Washington ‘the American people their fleld offices of general administration, the function and general chdracter of ‘whose work Is almost identical. They 1 have two separate and independent “Is everythin In this locality.” | services for handling the matters of “No,” ,_,,,,,,’,,,"’,f,,“ Oorm.o::el manufacture and,.purchase of muni- i | tions, equipment and supplies; the ‘warehousing’ and transportation of the recruiting of their per- e disbursement of funds; the keeping and auditing of accounts. ,business standpoint these i 1y identical in Somaels th m | operst! practicall The | decided to postpone any further ac- | While the Brown committee was at | | which we have spoken in an earlier | (2) That a clear distinction should | be seen the Brown and pendent, self-contained unit. The t is that the Lwo departments establishments duplicate each other from t In the slaughter of minul n the 3 taining two separate and distinct plants to do what one can do much more effectively. True, their fleld ac- tivities are and should be independ- “nt. but that does not affect the lssue n the least. The Navy, for in- stance, right now, is maintaining as 7 branch of itself a larger army force than the United States main- ained previous to the Spanish war. ‘That Is the Marine Corps, which Is the army of the Navy, and is prob- ably the most efficient army’ corps in the service of the United States to- day. The second major point of agree- ment between these two studies is the conversion of the existing Inte- rior Department into what in_effcct Is a Department of Public Works and Public Domain, though the Brown report retains the name Interior. Take the engineering activities of the government as a_present exam- ple of overlapping. (1) The work on the rivers and harbors, which cost the United States $49000,000 in 1923, is under the jurisdiction of the War Depar'ment. (2) Construction of pub- iic bui d'ngs for the government is in charge of the supervising archi- tect iIn the Treasury Department. “3) The Commijssion of Fine Arts has certain supervisory powers over cer- tain public buildings and monuments, 14) Construction of irrigation works, and the construction and of railroads in Alaska are under the supervision of the Interior Depart- ment. (5) The buflding of roads is under the direction of the Depart- ment of Agriculture. All these are merzed under one bureau in the new arrangement. Public Domain Ceatrol Scattered. Or take the control of the public domain. The administration of the public domain is in charge of the izeneral land office, tn the Department of the Interior; but the geological survey, the national park service, the forest service, in the Department of Agriculture; the military parks com- mission, in the War Department, and the Federal Power Commission, an In- dependent body, all help to regulate the public domain. Both thé Brown and Willoughby plans merge all those activities into one department. Willoughby says: “The basic arguments in favor of the creation of thix department are those which have been repeatedly given, bringing together under a common direction services having the same general function, or whose activitic are of such a character that services performing them should mainta e working relations with each othel ‘The third major point of similarity between these fwo plans is that both advocate a new Department of Educa- { tion, with a cabinet member in charg The Brown report asks for a Depart- ment of Education and Welfare, and to have four major divisions—educa- { tion, health, social service, veterans' relief. Under this plan six bureau: ,are taken from the Department of {the Interior—the bureau of education, | Indian schools, Howard Universit {St. E'izabeth’s’ Hospital, Freedmen | Hospital and the bureau of pension: i two from the Department of Labor- {the woman's bureau (part) and the | children’s bureau (part): one from | the Department of Justice—the office of superintendent of prisons—and fiv independent establishments — Smith- 'xnman Institution, Federal Board for { Vocational lucation, National Home for Disabled Soldiers, Columbian In- stitution for the Deaf and the Vet- | | erans’ Bureau. ! Rexearch Provided For. The Willoughby report recommends a new Department of Education and | Science, under a cabinet member. | This report insists that the govern- ment is now engaged in the prosecu- | thon of scientific research on a very i This work should be stance. It can be gnition of scientific | research as one of the specific fune- | tions of the national government and the creation of a separate department to have it in charge. Thik report would have all research institutions i of the government transferred to this | department, but no administrative j work. There has developed some op- position tu this department, but more to the Brown type than to the Wil- loushby 1ype. The Willoughby report adds one more department, that of Public Health. All work dealing with the health of the people would be in- cluded under its jurisdiction. Only those departments or bureaus which are by their very nature quasi- judicial or quasi-legislative in char- acter would be left independent and { | i as the Civil Service Commission. Fed- i eral Trade Commission, Tarlff Commi: gion, Federal Reserve Eoard War Finance Corporation, budget bureau. Railroad Administration and also the government printing office. Then, this is a summary of what 18 being discussed in the government reorganization today. Will it save the taxpayers any money when it is accomplished? 1In the future prob- ably a very great deal, but for the present very little. But let Mr. Brown himself tell us what he thinks: “I would do away with every scrap. of duplication, every shadow of overlapping. 1 would reorganize the departmental service in accordance with the best prac tices of modern. business. 1 would have the people get full returns on every penny expended in running the government offices. but what I want you to understand, and understand clearly, is that, whittle away as we muy, Wwe can only reduce the total ublic expenditures by perhaps a Fflcnon of 1 per cent.” This is probably an understatement. but the fact remains that little sav- ing, relative to the total expenses of the government, can be made in this way. . O vy ~North ‘American Newspaper ta North American T Allinice. “All rights reservedy - Toemorrow—Where Big Cuts Might Be Made. Describes Isle Royale. PennsylvaniaEditor Reveals Facts As He Found Them. To the Bd'tor of The Star: 1 noted with interest in a recent number of The Star some remarks concerning the antiquities of Isle Royale, to which I beg to offer a few emendations. Isle Royale is not thirty-five miles from Du'uth, but 150 miles at its nearest point. The island contains not twenty-one, but forty-eight, inland lakes, great and small. The surround- ing islands and islets number 160. The prehistoric mines, which I have| been studying now for many years,, are not found at three points, but practically all over the'island and on some of the small islands. The mag- nitude of the work indicates a mining period centuries long. Last fall I was at the head of an expedition which excavated on the !gite of a_prehistoric town occupied by these old miners, and while 1 am un- able to identify them with any known people of the past, 1 feel justified in sy that they were not the "dl Indian. You are correct in speaking of the moose and caribou of the lsland. I believe the moose herd to be the finest in the world. Up to this time, at least, both the moose and caribou have been well protected. The state of Michi- gan keeps a game warden on_ the island summer and winter, and he does his work well. The danger lies in this fact: Unless this land is very quickly ob- tained possession of by either the state or federal government there will be extensive lumber operations. which will not only destroy the beauty of the island, but in all’ probabllity will the moose 1 the lumber . operation ! the ! THE STORY OF MY LIFE. Sir Harr H. Johnston. The Bobbs-Merriil Company. The average man—therefore, just about everybody—finds looking bagk : along the stretched pe: memory a dull business. Nothing much to see there, save a smoothed- | off run of monotony. Nothing much, except a flat surface roughened, a! trifie, by beadings of matched per- formance. Countless undressings and dressings, an endless going to bed, and getting up again. In between a ' mighty pother of meals and clothes. | Weddings, births, burlals—nothing | imuch. But once in a long time—only jonce in an age, to speak exactly—! there comes along a man whose life is of 80 opulent a pattern that it ceases to be the individual possession of that man. It becomes common property | instead. Fountain of knowledge tol Jesser men, source of Inspiration to them, means of rich enjoyment, chan- | \nel of vicarious adventure. The stamp ‘of this rurely occasiongl man s that | he stands wide open on every side to | ;all the winds of heaven, to all the overtures of earth A versatile man, turning this way and that, in an, ;open-handed giving to the various |needs and requirements of other men. * %k k¥ The name of the man is Sir Harry {Johnston. He turns over here the {story of himself in a book so packed with work and its fruits that one just naturally falls to wondering what the rest of us do with time that for this man has been made to yield such {breadth of experience, such sum and variety of achlevement. Here is a man—just one man with only one man’'s lease on life and work—who has accomplished so much in so many ficlds that his story reads like that of a dozen men merged into one. Travel, exploration, research, adven- ture, spread a spectacular picture here—or would were not the per- sonality of the man himself preclusive of any such effcet. * * % ¥ { Explorer in hitherto unknown parts {of Africa; worker with Btanley in | the Kongo and with Cecll Rhodes in his imperial Cape-to-Cairo project; istudent, intellectually alive to native | customs and beliefs; linguist, deeply | concerned with characteristics of na- tive speech, with relationships of | tribal dialect; naturalist, discovering {to sclence new animals and plants: biographer of Livingstone; writer on | { subjects pertaining to the Kongo and British Central Africa: diplomat, pro- | consul, treaty maker, novelist, paint. An astonishing summary. An am: ing man, from whom one’s mind elips | bark, involuntarily, something like 400 years, to that prime pattern and | prototype of human versatility. To the great Leonardo, who added glory ito the splendor of the Renaissance ! {itoelf, as painter, sculptor. musician, | |writer. scientist, inventor, enginee jwho foresaw the airship'and many | another scientific invention that only the stupendous progrese of the pres- ent age {s bringing to fulfillment. s own day of modern circum | nest-bui'ding, ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS % BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN Q. How many towns in the United States have gas for oooking pur-; poses?—P. A. i A. The bureau of standards says| ective of | that approximately 2,000 towns and;,, cities in the United States have gas for cooking purposes. Q Are the actinic effects of the sun's rays more noticeable at the seashors or In the mountains?— G. C. M. A. The Naval Obeervatory says the actinic effects of the sun's radiation are most intense at the highest alti- | tudes above sea level. But much more important in this connection is the sun’s angular elevation above the horizon. so that. even at sea level, provided the sun Is high. the actinic effents of sunlight are very marked, | indeed. . i Q Ta there a town named Bln:nu?i |—w. E R A There fs an African istand| north of the mouth of the Kongo | named Banana. and a town on the is'and by the same name. It was until. lately a station of commercial importance. The bu‘lding of a rafl- road to Matada. with the establish- | ment of an ocean steamship line to' that place, and the removal of the| headquarters of trading _ firms brought about the decline of Banana. Q. Are there gorillas in the United States at present?—H. H. A The National Zoological Park informs us that there arc no goriilas in the United States at the present time. : Q. When was the Lincoln Memo- rial dedicated?—P. M. A. A. The memorial was dedicated on May 30, 1922, Q. Could George I of England speak English?—C. H. B. A. King George could not speak the language. As a resu't, he seldom at- tended meetings of his cabinet. because he could not understand their delibera- ons. Q. In what month is the nightingale due in England in the spring?—H. S. B. A. The bird appears in England about the midd'e of April. It at once breaks into full song, which, says one writer, gradually decreases In compass and vo'ume as the serious prob'ems of life— incubating and rearing the young—have to be performed. Q. In hanging bunting, which color (S_fl‘g lg the top, the blue or the red?— A In displaying bunting the order chould be blue at the top, followed by white, with red at the bottom. Q. What is the spade convention?— H L ! A. This is a term used in_ auction bridge. When a player has made an in- formatory doub'e he must be prepared to have his partner bid spades. With a ho'ding of four spades the partner is supposed to bid this suit regardless of strength, unless he has five or more hearts also. Q. Since the introduction of toxin how much has mortality diphtheria decreased’—S. P. D. anti- from . however, It is Theodore Roose- { elt who suggests Sir Harry's wide | range of active and productive in- terest. The two men were friends. linked no doubt by their common zest for the adventure of life at its top notch of personal urge and personal exaction. A. -The pub'ic health service savs that in the davs before we had anti- toxin one out of every three children who had diphtheria died. Now, if anti- toxin s used on the first or second day of the disease, ninety-eight out of every 100 chiidren recover. Q. Do _incubator chicks develop into on | £00d egg layers?—S. W. C. of this remarkable career set me to| A Lady Anne is the champion egs- wondering about its causes and be- /YN8 hen of the country. She Is ten ginnings, points over which I must | have hurried In my zeal to get at the real business of being Sir Harry | Johnston, adventurer. Now, this is an important point, 1 said to my- self, one that might prove highly Muminative to parents generally, that clearly enfeebled class that possesses neither imagination nor in- genuity, nor intelligent sympathy for the actual concerns of childhood. In- stead, they appear to have for chil- Trying to keep tab on investiga- tions in Washington is like watching a three-ring circus with a single palr of eyes. free from departmental control, such | idren ‘only patterns, and more pat- terns, of some sort of material suc- cess through the use of which the xuen\al business of fitting square Pegs into round holes goes gayly on from age to age. 1 went back to the parentage and early davs of the boy Who was to become Sir Har- ry Johnston. 1 took notice even of the general state of England as a point possibly potential here. This last suggested, probably. by the re- cent war times when all over our Oown streets there sprang sponta- neously com beflagged and captained. marching away to shrill but tuneful declara: tions that “The Yanks are coming,” and adding, moreover, that they would not _come back till “it” was “over— over there!” But England, fifty years ago, was as dull as ditch water to a boy. No stir there. Only stodgy home reforms going on, with { Disraeli and Gladstone succeeding | other. monotonously, to a prime ministry dictated by conservative or liberal “majorities on the one hand or the other. And nothing out of the usual, either, about the parent- age of Sir Harry' Johnston. Amiable parents, kind, indulgent. A’ throw- back, maybe, 1 said, to the true par- entage of some adventuring forbear. At sight, the boy himself appears much like his companions. But the usual physical exuberance of boys, so like that of a growing puppy in 1 There never was such an embarrassment of riches for the scan- dal-loving. Women remain the most numerous and the most faithful at- tendants at the Senate hearings where the feast of rumor, revelation and remorse is spread from day to day. Their capacity for thrills is inex- haustible. They come early, listen tensely, and stay late. Sometimes they reach the Senate office building. panies of militant hahleu,}flo“htful as to which matinee they | “Where are you | should patronize. going this morning, my dear? this observer overheard a Washington hostess of renown inquire of a friend. “To ofl' or Daugherty?’ [nvestiga- tions have become the season's enter- tainment de luxe. Nowadays out-of- | town visitors, instead of being driven | to Mount Vernon, or taken to the| Lincoln -Memorial, or shown through the Congressional Library, are given a good time at a Senate inquisition. * % ¥ ¥ Breckinridge Long. one of the Lochinvars from out of the demo- cratic west, is back from Missourl, laurel-crowned, having accomplished | both urge and object, takes ona|the thing he lives for—t> make life real difference here. - Instead there{, purden for Senator “Jim" Reed. is a definite selection of interest a; pursuit, a determined choice of .'E From headquarters in St. Louis, Long tivity, ‘that point full upon the ul-|directed the recent campaign which timate career of the man. 'This i8] resylted In the collapse of Reed's a_wholly unconscious selection. be Missour’s favorite ‘The boy Is no paragon. It {s, how- | ambition to be ¥ ever, tremendously important, In-{son &t the democratic national con- deed a vital factor of wide sfenif- | vention. Long ls an out-and-out Me- cance. Left free to follow himself, we ies in that find him, very early, absorbed In|Ad00 supporter. "",',”’:,’.fi."no. = drawing and 'skeiching, preferably | direction continue. He animals i the zoological gardens,|ture Missourl for MeAdoo while en- studying art -by day, absorbing e overthrow of Reed. French, Spanish, Ttalian, Portuguese §‘:,'{"’1'f;,:.'§‘¢:hcmam that in heart by night. And under these pursuits is | gng pirit the “uninstructed” delegu. shaping the dream for. which they | fjon from the Show-me country will stand as definite and distinct prepara- |y McAdoo contingent. The young tion. The passion of the boy's life; S ‘Louis lawyer's triends look upon comes to be that o travel. the lure of | Reed as @ usurper of Long's rightful far places, fhe dream of distant 1ands. | ceat in the United States Senate. His first journey IS to Spain through | They are confident that some day he France. In Spain he is caught by the | w1l come into his own. Long is spell of Moorish architecture. This|young—just aporoaching forty-three serves as well as anything to extend | Y20 & can walt. & the travel dream. so he is off to Tunis RPN for the first fruits of Saracenic art. Here the writing bg‘_u'-‘llns‘ln letters to| Hugh Gibson's promotion to the the London press. s is a self-sup- Inistership to Switzer- orting traveler who discusses natives| American . m fn their appearances and customaland, in succession to Joseph C. Grew. mnd reports internatfonal activities |is still another step along the road (rhose source Is Europe, whose oblect | (o g professionalized United States In one or another of the divisions of . Atrlea It s but a Step-off from | diplomatic service. Since his sradu _{circus hand who was years old and has 1,300 eggs to her ;:'-;:u.nkadg Anne is 2 White Lej A she was bo - bares. as born in an incu: Q. Who' won the prize for the best ogan for railroad crossings?—R. K. A. M. H. Gambee of Brookiyn, N. Y., won first prize for siogan and aiso first prize for poster. The slogan is, “Wait— You May Lose!" and the poster, & train and automobile appr i pproaching 'a road hQ. bia the 1z ¢ resident Wilson ave an audience with the Po abroad?—K. D. Topepulle A. President Wilson, on January 5. 1919, paid a visit of courtesy to the Pope. ' He also presented his entour- age to Pope Benedic nd was pre- )flellll‘d by the Pope h a mosaic of Guido Reni's picture of St. Peter. Q. Is there a free evening echool where foreigners may learn to read and write English?—A. D. R. A. The Columbia Junior High School at O street between 6th and 7th stre conducts free evening classes for foreigners on Monday, Tuesday and Thursday evenings. Q. What is olla pudrida?—J. E. C. A. Olla podrida is one of the na= tional dishes of Spain. It is a rich stew made of m: ausages, chicken and peas. of the varied character of the mixture, its name 8 often used to describe any jumble of words or ideas. Q. What animal wasHes its food be fore eating it?—B. R. M. A. The raccoon washes everything it eats before puatting it in its mouth. 1f water is not at hand, it will tub the morsel between its paws until it considers the food clean. Q. Was “Uncle Tom's Cabin” the ifrst story that Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote?—O. M. 1L A. While Mrs. Stowe is chiefly re- membered as the author of Tom's Cabin,” she wrote m: novel Her first book, flower,” was published in 1843. “Uncle Tom's' Cabin” first appeared in “he Washington National Era. from June. 1851, to April, 1852, and was issued in book form in 1852, Q. Where dld Angora goats come |from and who brought them to thix U. N. Angoras are traced to a di breed that was known even days of Abraham. They are native to Angora, in Asia Minor, and were brought to the Cnited States by Dr. James B. Davis of Culumbia, S. C., in 1849, Q. Did Martha Washington have any sisters?—H. M. S. A. Martha Washington was the daughter of Col. John Dandridge of New Kent, at the head of York river, Va. The William and Mary College Quarterly says that his daughters wore Martha, Anna Maria, Frances. Elizabeth and Mary. Frances and Mary died at the ages of seven and fourteen, respectively. Anna Maria's married name was Bassett. Martha's married names were Custis and Washington. respectively, Elizabeth married John Aylett country A. tinctive in the How long has “take-all of been in this country?—A. G, A. “Take-all” is a disease which attacks some varicties of wheat, and it was first noticed in this countr: {in April, 1919 (Have you o question you want answered? Send it to The Star In- Jormation Bureaw. Froderic J Has- kin, director, 1220 North Capitol street. There is no charge for (hix service, ezcept = oewts in stamps for return postaye. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE have been a3 United States senator from Tllinois, an ambassador or & ‘abinet officer vears ago. President Harding offered Upham ‘“anything vou want” The official gold-digger of the G. 0. P. enjoys President Cool- | dge’s confidence and esteem, too. | He and Mrs. Upham are always White | House guests when they come to | Washington. * * % % Gen. Isaac R Sherwood, great- grandfather of the House of Repre- sentatives, has just published a book, | “Memories of the War." Between tho |time Sherwood enlisted as a private |in the 14th Ohio Inrantry, in 1861, and was mustered out as a brigadier general, in 1865, he saw the war of | the rebellion from a myriad of close- up vantage points. Gen. Sherwood records that Jefferson Davis was re- | sponsible for the fact that no Goddess of Liberty surmounts the Capitol at Washington. He was Secretary of War in Franklin Pierce’s cabinet in 1855, and in that capacity rejected the model for a heroic statue which was to crown the dome. Davis frowned upon the design because in Greece the liberty cap was the sym- bol of a liberated slave. “The United States was half ave and half free Gen. Sherwood writes, “and Da: contended that a figure bearing a lib- erty cap, crow g the national Cap- itol, would be a menace to the south. At Davis’ suggestion the fgure was changed, and, instead of a Goddess of Liberty, the statue is that of = woman with the r.gnt hand resting on the hilt of a sheathed sword, the left on a shield and holding an olive wreath.” * ¥ % % Kirksville, Mo., Is the seat of the first and largest college of osteop- athy In the United States. The De- partment of Commerce recently M- censed a powerful radio broadcasting station at Kirksville, from which “the truth about osteopathy” i= to be her alded through the air. * % & % George H. O'Connor, the John Mo Cormack of the District of Columbin, who has enlivened a thousand Wash ington banquets with his dialect Songs, is warbling a ditty that Presi- dent 'Coolidge migit broadcast to Colorado. Folks out there want the President to help slay a ferocious lion that is at large. destroying an imals and terrifying the populace. O'Connor's ballad deals with a dusky asked to vol- unteer to catch an e: tiger. The refrain runs. for somebody—not me.” (Copyright Praises McKellar For Low Fare Fight Tunia to the borders of the desert.|ation from the College of Political From that taking off the career of { Paris In 1907, Gibson has Sir’ Harry Johnston is outiined and on | Sclence &t PAF8 W LU N or- its way. It remains only for the coming Years to expand' it, to round | elgn service. The string of posts he has filled is nearly a vard long. It and enrich it And so we have the story—in ef-!pegan in Honduras and in the six. teen-year Interval has embraced fect, a pageant of performance, & monument of industry, adding ma-|Great Britain, Cuba, Santo Domingo, Belgium, the _ State Im: kn - Siating, ‘satietyin arracise, CEving !!‘nnee. ‘the Hoover European Reliel ulating, satisfying -narrative, giving an_enlarged outlook and a broader'Administration, Austria, Hungary and understanding. Along its course, how- | Poland. Gibson's adventures in di- ever, it is an unpretentious story, run- | , incl ning along in easy recital, broken ! revolutiens and the world war, would here and there with laughter. made make a thrilling story. His experi- hat one ki i .3:3'&'« in a book. Gibson Is a Los that one. The kind of story that gives the effect of sitting in upon a Angeles native son, just turned forty. * % % * succession of Ir!onlllremhlnllcenceu when the participator in these many affairs is talking out loud 10! himself,| Fred W. Upham, watchdog of the republican national treasury, has gone to Chandler, Ariz, for a pro- so to speak. There is, besldes, a psy- chological background and content tracted period of rest and respit: from political and business worries here, strikingly significant, that might | Chandler is near Phoenix. It is dr be used, that ought to be used, as both suggestion and examplar in the and high and altogether salubriou: an “F. W.'s" friends are hopeful hc ose and ways of education. And, Best of ail, thete ls the man himself. will find health-restoring condition: there. Urhlm is the type of Ameri- A modest man who would resist be. ing looked upon as a pattern of any- can politician like ColL House, wh. enjoys life behind the scenes mor: hing-—industry, perseverance, good :nn':a. ln'llnlllnnu. 1 bent to the pur- sult of & dream. Just another lg::;‘ that, after P s stamp of | than prancing before the footlight: 52 .‘lh m’-g.“'u the stage.. He could Department, | To the Bditor of The Sta: 1 desire to express through yous columns my appreciation of the iefforts being exerted by Senator Me- IKellar to have the strest car fare ir this District lowered. For some time |1 am confident, the peopie of the Dis trict have feli that the car fare | itoo high, but nothing has been don. ito lower it to pre-war rates i It has never been explained, luding Central Americanifar as I have been able to know why, when the Public Utilities Com- mission ordered the car companies to sell three tokens for 20 cents. such sale of three tokens was prohibited on street cars. It is true that we are allowed to purchase them at banks but. for instance, there is no bank in Benning. That means that all of the people In this section., and we have a good population, must, if they want to take advantage of the low rates, go into Washington and thei to a bank to buy three tokens. Tin saying that it would take too much time to sell them on the car falls lat when vou take into consideration hat service Is held up until a cask ‘are_Is exacted out of a $2 bill. 1 think that the efforts of Senato McKellar should be commended as & step in the rizht direction. CHARLES F. A LONGUS, 3ecretary, Henning, Glendale, Oak-. land Citizens' Assoclation.