Evening Star Newspaper, March 3, 1924, Page 4

4 - NEW BONUS PLAN WOULD AID JOBLESS Jacobstein’s Bill Is Designed to Protect Permanently Ex-Service Men. BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Insurance against unemployment, sickness and old age, as a substitute for a cash bonus, is the novel fea- ture of an adjusted compensation bill to be considered this week by the House committee on ways and means. Tt originates with Representative Meyer Jacobstein of the Rochester, N. Y., constituency. His plan con- templates setting aside $100,000,000 « year for benefits to former service men for the purpose above indlcated. Mr. Jacobstein, who is a professor of ccomomics by occupation, asserts that his scheme meets virtually all the objections raiscd by opponents of the bonus. He contends that under it taxes can be reduced, as provided by the Mellon plan and the com- promise project just adopted by the House, and that it obviates any neces- ity for a_ $4,000,000,000 bond -issuc, as proposed by W fam G. McAdoo. Nothing Savoring of Tip. From the standpoint of ex-soldiers the Jacobstein bill relieves the bonus of anything savoring of a dole or a tip for patriotic service. Its basic purpose is to look out for former service men only when' they are out of jobs, in bad health or in- capacitated” by age from earning their living. ¢ the outstanding features 1inst unemployment Iy allotments up to the amount rvice man is entitled to in the form of adjusted compensation. Insurance agalnst sickness, not incd to or connected with service urizin, to be paid in weekly install- ments up limit of service cred- bim by virtue of his djusted mpensation, us set forth in the bill v President Harding. Old-age pensions against inca- rn a lvelihood, to be pald installments. bstein bill offers these dition to the other op- in the vetoed bonus hill—vocational training, education home-buying, homestead settlement or dcath benefits, Finds Legion Receptive. The Rochester representative in- forms this writcr thut he has taken occasion to assurc himself, both in American Legion circles and among 2 siness men, that his plan is th feasible and attractive. “Here's a typical illustration of the soldier's said Representative - other day in Roch- typical doughboy who hardly had_a real record on the fighting line. He is the kind of fellow who can look any ene in the ere and tell him to ‘5o to. “He has laboring for some vears under zn impression that the world owed him a good deal for hav- ing =0 successfully saved it for de- mocra 1 ed him how he felt about this bonus business. ‘Well,' he veplied, ‘at first I was in hopes of our getting it, and now I hope we don't_get it I was surprised, and asked him why. He answered: ‘Sup- pose we got 200 or $300, or cven $400: it would be just like finding it. Within two or three months wost of us wouldn't have a nickel left, and it wouldn't do any of us any real zood. 1f 1 am cver to get anything 1 would much rather have it when I et old. 1 swould have some en T reall ould b a relicf to know wouldn't have to face life in a vol- dler's hom Quotes B Jacobstein quotc business man, wh zrassman think eapitalist class. henetits in tions provided ness Man. big Rochester e views the con- re typleal of the his captain of in- Qustry said to me: ‘Of course, as you know, I'm against any bonus propo- ion on gencral principles, but pro- fon for old age annuities is a responslibility that industries certain- Iy owe their employes, and I am in- Clined to feel that all organizations owe thelr employes. It isn't a very far_step from that proposition to Your proposals for the ex-soldiers. consider them the most c(ln:lruu(l\e ~ut:::w~llon yet put forward. plans to appear be- fore the Hlouse ways mittee while the bonus atfon there. 17 his bill proves| Jacobstain expects to of- 1 amendment on the floor of ) By the Assoc Washington Backed Bonus. Mr. Jacohstein has been doing a lot of research work designed to show ex-service men that they are in excel- lent company in advocating the bonus. He has dug deep into both pre-revo- jutionary, revolutionary and pre-civil war history for the purpose. Wash- ington and Lincoln are cited as Jacob- stein's classic witnesses as to the re- spectability and the justice of a bonus for men who fought for their country. The representative has had reproduced 2 communication which Gen. Washing- n addressed to Congress in January, advocating liberality in giving special bonuses to offlcers, non-com- foned officers and enlisted men. He nterred a memoral ad- Revolutionary 3 rous _terms for “adjusted compen- for “the honor of human na- One of Jucobstein’s most interesting xhibits ‘Capt. Abraham Lin- application in August, 1855, for i+ lund-grant of forty acres for services i « volunteer in the Ilinots Mounted Tiegiment in the war with “the British id of Sacs and other tribes of In- ns on our northwestern frontler it . known as the Black Hawk war, applicant having served in sald war about forty day (Copsright, 1924.) MAYFIELD VOTE COUNT MAY REQUIRE MONTH Fifty Counties’ Ballots Already Tabulated—Much Work Remains in Election Contest. Another month probably will be necessary. to finish counting the bal- lots in the contested Mayfield sena- torial election in Texas. The ballots in_fifty counties have been examined. The count will be completed hefore hearings begin. TWO HELD FOR HAVING LIQUOR IN POSSESSION| Nine Bottles, Labeled “Sotch,” Found in Suit Case at Union Station. Two men were arrested on charges | ing which the craft was the target at | of machine gun fire from police boats, of violating the Volstead act Union station yesterday afternoon by Sergt. Charles Hamilton of the ter- minal police force and Policeman Haller of the sixth precinct when-in- vestigation revealed nine bottles ntaining a fluild labeled “Johnny Walker Scotch” in & suitcase the men had in their possession. The men reglstered at 6 police station as Willlam Rainey, a marine, stationed at Quantico, Va., and Jack 1014 West Fayette street, ore.. Charges of transporting gal possession of liquor were m-a:emq agaifist them. An exhibition covering every phase ot the gleotrical industry is to be held in Melhourne. Australia. next Septem- ! ; nd means com- { is under con- BONUS AS PAID-UP INSURANCE SOUGHT (Continued fromy First Page.) mpensation plan an insur- ’n“n!ct:dvfigpo’lmw Which conferences have convinced him will get the sup- port not only of Congress but of the war veterans and of the country in_general. This plan is the result of long study and many comferences by Rep- resentative Bacharich. He sald to- “I will submit to the committee a straight-out-and-out life insurance plan, eliminating all the special fea- tures of the adjusted compensation bill, such as land' grants, vocational training, etc. This insurance would be in tise form of an endowment pol- icy, payuble at the age of sixty-two years, to every enlisted man or wom- an who served 100 days or more, in every respect similar to the converted endowment insurance now jssued by the Veterans' Bureau and the poli- cles of the Old Line msurance com- panies. It would not upply to any one in the commissioned ranks. “At my request the Veterans' Bu- reau has submitted u table showing the cost of this insuramce and I have also had estfmates from several of the Old Linc companies. The esti- mated cost for the first year, which, of course. would be the hjghest, would be from $75,000,000 to $90,000,000, with a very substantial decrease in cost each year to maturity.. “The advantages of this proposition as I see them are, for the government, that it fixes the cost definitely and the annual appropriations required can be very easily met out of cur- rent recelpts without the imposition of any new taxes; while fer the vet- crans it affords protection for their dependents and gives 1o them a cash payment at a llnn when they will have greater mneed for it than at present.” e | FORMER SERVICE MEN QUIZZED ON BONUS Representative Davey, Supporter of Adjusted Compensation, Questions 10,000 of His Constituents. Representative Martin L. Davey of Ohlo, stanch supporter of soldier bo- nus legislation, today sent a ques- tionnaire to 10,000 ex-service men in his district in an effort to obtain the real sentiment among the soldiers themselves regarding “adjusted com- pensation.” In his letter Representative Davey says: “The opponents of adjusted com- pensation for ex-service men, in their effort to defeat this measure, have been claiming that a large proportion of the soldiers themselves are opposed to it. My own position in faver of this proposition is so well known that I will say nothing further about it. Neither do 1 wish to advance any ar- gument in support of it. My only desire is to find out what you think n order that I might render thi servies to the soldiers, to the public ; and to the Congress, T appealed to Thad Brown, sccretary of state, to furnish a list of ex-service men in our district, but he declined to give me his co-operation. However. I have been able to secure a representa- tive list of about 10,000 names, and will proceed with the referendum. “Please answer one of the following questions—only one. This referen- dum vote should tell the real story of the soldier sentiment. Any who fail to answer will be clagsed as indiffer- ent. Final results will be tabulated and reported officlally to Congress.” The questions he asked arc: Do you believe that the government is under a strong moral obligation to pay_ adjusted compensation to ex- | ervice men? If so. vote “Yes.' Or, 8re you more or less indifferent about this question of adjusted com- pensation. but willing to accept pay ment if the bill is passed by Con- If 50, vote “Yes. u_opposed to adjusted on principle, and do that Congress ought no Lo pass such & bill? 1If so, vote “Yes. AVERS HARRIS’ WIFE ! ; i THE .EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, .D 4 THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, .D. C, MONDAY, BRITISH NEWSPAPERS |Macdonald Follows - SUPPORT MACDONALD Usually Hostile l!omng Post Says Correspondence Marks Real Advance. ‘WANTS POI.ICY FOLLOWED Says U. S. Certainly Will Not Be Used as Pawn. By the Associated Press. LONDON, March 3.—The most strik- ing editorial statement on the Mac- donald-Poincare correspondence is expressed by the conservative Morn- ing Post, which ordinarily is strongly hostile to the government. This newspaper says the correspondence will be cordlally welcomed in both countries as showing clearly “that the two statesmen have got a stage farther on the road leading to a du- rable understanding.” It sees In the correspondence certain tendencles which “if tenaciously pursued may end the nightmare of Indecision and suspiclon Wwhich weighs upon France and Great Britain. One of these tendencies is declared to be that Premier Ma that the United States cannot cure Europe, but that Europe must cure herself.” Attitade of America. “The flaw in all the temtutive sug- sestions which have been made di- rectly or indirectly to the United States in recent years,” the cditorial continues, “lay in the blind refusal to sec that' mo American government over would join in a conference where it would eimply be used as a pawn game of Franco-British antagon- ‘Already the better atmosphere in Europe has led President Coolidge to make a statement, which, although cautious and vague, clearly points to American participation in a confer- ence which may settle once for all the cognate issues of reparations and interallied debts.” Praises MacDou: The editorial concludes by praising Mr. Macdonald's “statesmanlike uc- ceptance of the realities of the diplo- matic situation.” It assures him that if it brings peace to Europe he will receive the ungrudging support and approval of the conservatives. The other morning papers all re- gard the premiers’ correspondence as a sign of approaching settlement of issues now clouding the European political sky. PRAISED IN GERMANY. Berlin Paper Hails Method Used by Macdonald. By the Assaciated Press, BERL'N, March 3. —Commenting on the ictters exchanged between Premiers Macdonald and Polucare the Montagspost sa. “For the first time « leading states- man_ of the entente thoroughly and frankly Investigates all the political questions which hang over Europe like a cloud of poison. It is a novel way in which Mr. Macdonald's diplo- macy, despising the secretiveness of the chancelleries, treads. It cannot be denied that the moral power of Mr. Macdonald's personal- ity had a wholesale influence on Poin- care from which he could not escape and which will not be without an effect on the French people.” FAVORED IN FRANCE. Letters Held to Create E;ceptive Attitude. PARIS, March 5—The letters ex- changed by the British and French premicrs are considered in political and diplomatic circles as intended to create_an atmospherc for the recep- | tion of the report of the reparation experts. It is taken for granted in well informed circles that the experts will make a unanimous report and that it will be so drawn that the French government will be likely to accept This, it is pointed out, will pave the way for an interallled conference it Great Britain also finds the report acceptable. If the repc* of the experts is com- Ipleted this weol as anticipated the { reparation commission will be able to WAS NOT SUSIE LEE Annulment Suit Witness Declares He Knew Latter Twenty Years. H ted Press. NEW YORK, March Z.—Susie Lee jof Memphis, Tenn., was not the Elea- nor Elaine Lee Harris who appeared | in supreme court today s defend- ant In the marriage annulment suit brought by her husband, Beverly D, Harris, it was testified by Oscar El- liott Hysmith, registrar of Stewart county, Tennessee, Hysmith, taking the stand to sup- plement a deposition read into the record several days ago, declared he had known Susie (“Samuella” p since 1904, when he met her at Bome pus Mills, Tenn. Susie was sixteen | years old then, and lived with her mother, Mrs. Samuel C. Lee; her sis- ter Rosha and her cousin. Samuel Custis. Thought Descriptions Tallied. Hysmith told of having seen the Memphis Susie only last July. He and Lis friends, he said, read in the newspapers about the Harris suit and *we all thought that the Mrs. Har- ris described must be the Susie we had known. * though .this, too. until last month I met Mrs. Harrls, and saw a woman I never had seen before,” he said. “Susie not only was older than Mrs. Harris” the witness continued, pointing to the defendant, ~she was shorter, 00, and stouter, and had a. darker complexion and darker eyes.” Attired In gray and minus the corsage of roses she has _worn throughout the trial, Mrs. Harris reached the courtroom late. She was accompanied by her sister, Mrs, Rosha Corder, who bore a striking resemblance to the defendant. |MACHINE GUN TAKES | $100,000 RUM YACHT Crew Flees After Nine-Mile Chase. Second Seizure Nets Five Arresti 1By the Associated Press. i W YORK, March 3.—After a nine-mile chase early yesterday, dur- the. power yacht Monon was aban- doned by her crew at an East river pler, and was - captured by marine police, who said they found a large cargo of llquor. aboard, The .yacht, valued at approximatety $100,000, was sald_to carry license papers issued to Edward L. Smallwood of Great Neck, Y. Foderal and police forces had been looking for the Monon for a week. The craft is a fifty-foot-cabin cruiger, with cabin accommodations for fifteen men. Marine police also took ‘in tow & boat containing .seventy .cases of liquor. Five men in it were ar- rested. They =aid they bought the boat from & man who promised them pe'ice protection. | L ithe | Corps, deal with it early next week and a meeting of the allles may take place toward the end of the present month or early in April. |Changes in Stations of Army and Navy Officers Of Interest to Capual ARMY. Col. J. R, Thomas, jr., general staff, military attache to Belgium, hias been ordered to this city for duty in the office of the assistant chief of 'staff, G-2. Baj. D. C. McDonald, fleld artillery, at Paris, has been detailed as military attache to Belgium. Maj. Charles Taintor, Dental Corps, has been retired on account of disa- VLility incident to the service. Majs. G. C. Bartlett and W. H. Wil- bur and Capt. J. B, Ord. ail of the infantry, at the Ecole Superieure de Guerre, Paris, France, have been or- dered to the United States. Maj. Bartlett is assigned to the 15t Divic tion, 2d Army Corps; Maj. Wilbur fo 13th Infantry at Fort Warren, Mass.. and Capt. Ord to the Infantry | School, Fort Benning, Ga. Capt. G. E. Atwood, Medical Cotps. in Porto Rico, has been ordered to Fort Screven, 'Ga. and Capt. Philip L. Cook, Medical Corps, at Walter Reed General Hospital, this city, to Porto Rico. First Sergt. Ewing’ White, 25th In- fantry, at Douglas, Ariz, has been retired for age. NAVY. Commander W. E. Eberle, at Paris, France, has been ordered to the re- celving ship at New York; Commander R. R. Mann from the Navy Depart- ment to the twelfth naval district, Commander R. A. White from the Pennsylvania to the New York, Lieut, Commander L. L. Lindley from San Francisco to the Gold Star, and Lieut. Commander H. E. Welte from the An- tares to the Pennsylvania. Staff changes are announced as fol- {1ows: Commander C. N. Fisk, Medical Corps, from the Nevada to the fifteen naval district; Commander H. M. Tol- free, Medical Corps, from the fifteenth naval district to the Nevada; Lieut. W. A. Thomas, Supply Corps, from San Francisco to the battle fleet; Lieut. R. S. McDowell, Construction from San Francisco to the Aslatic station. and Lieut. B. W. Wil. Son, Construction Corps, from Cavite, .. to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mas: Chief Machinist Thomas F. Fahy, at the Washington navy yard, has been ordered to the Vestal. | JOHN CHARLES THOMAS TO WED MISS KAEHLER Ceremony Will Take Place Soonm, as Singer Is to Appear ¥ Abroad. By the Associated Press. PALM BEACH, Fla. March The ehgagement. of ifies gDorothy Kaehler of Palm Beach and ‘Beverley Farms, Mass., daughter of Mrs George A. Dobyne and Jean Charles Thomas, Ccelebrated baritotie. was announced last night at a dinner given at the Everglades club-by Mra Frederick T, Ley of New York. Tt-was sa1d the marriage would take place shortly, as Mr. Thomas sals soon to fill engagements .in : Jtaly. and at the Paris Opera. Mr. Thomas s @ native of Baltimore. Of Wilson in (Cornitintied from Firat Page. new in European diplomacy—is in itself considered a _most favorable slgn, although M. Poincare's letter is Iittle more than a repetition of his many speeches on the same sub- Neither of the premiers will make any attempt to formulate concrete proposals until the -expert commit- tees have reported. Mr. Macdonald again shows that his main hope {& to.attain such a state of affairs in Eurépe as should induce the United States to co-oper- ate In the reconstruction of Europe. Dentes Anmexation Plot. M. Poincare repudiates any design to annex a particle of German terri- tory, and concerning British sus: piclons of French motives in glving military assistance to the “little entente” countries, declares that the |l French aims are absolytely peaceful, and he desires only that England should co-operate with the same group of countries ‘for the purpose of maintaining peace in Europe. 3L Poincare seems to think that it will be & long time before the committees are able to present their reports. In the m time he re-echoes most of the British prime minister’s aspiru- tions for co-operation by the two countries in the {nterests of a just: settlement, and on the whole, the correspondence, although it does not materially advance, certainly does not diminish,” the chances of an ultimate settlement, Premier Macdonald's letter to M. Poincare, which s dated February 21, says that, encouraged by the friendly nature of M. Poincare's reply to his former letter, he desires to prepare the way for & more complete mutual understanding by an unreserved re- cltal of “the diMcattics with ahieh I am faced and the manner in which I myself cnvisage the situation. * Purpose of Letter. He does not desire to enter into de- tails or advance specific proposals but explains that: “My present purpose is to make clear to you that, to my mind, the differences and altercation |of thie vast were in most cases * \l holly unavoidable and to assure y my readiness to re-examine the] Whole problem i os larger outlines flnd more essential elements. Declaring that he wishes not only zo interpret the views of his own countrymen but sympathetically to realize French opinions and needs, JMr. Macdonald proceeds: “It is widely felt in England that, contrary to the provisions of the Ver- sailles treaty. France is endcavoring to create a situation which gains for it what it failed to get during the allied peace negotiations. The view of this section of my countrymen is that that policy can only perpetuate uncertainty and dangers of a condi- tion, not of peace, but of war, and that in the end it will destroy what- ever tcmporary security France may gain. French Disappointed. ‘There were many people in France who imagined that with the complete efeat of Germany they would be autonuatically frecd forever from u menace which 1 fully realize was real: some thought in order to attain absolute security the French fron- tiers should Dbe extended to the Rhine. They were disappointed in this expectation. instead, a joint guarantee by Gr Britain and the United States. With the abstention of Amerfca this offer lapsed, and the French people have since, with some Jjustification, been seeking other more tangible safe- guards to replace it. “With regard to reparations also the French public have suffered dis- appointment. Neither the virtually unlimited expectations aroused at the jmoment of victory, nor the more £pe- jcific assessment made in 1921 has been of any real relation to the eco- nomic situation as it stands today. | ,-The position of this country is cn- {tirely different. Our security by land and Sea remains unmenaced. But our sconomic existence has been gravely ndangered. owing not to the in- 1bility of Germany to pay a certain sum in reparations, but to the ucuto |and persistent dislocation of the mar- {kets of Europe, occasioned mainly b the uncertainty of the relations be- jtween France and Germany, the con- |tinued cconomic chaos in ‘Germany. [shuv\n so clearly by violent fluctua- tions {n the value of its currency, and the ultimate uncertainty in the rela- tions between France and ourselves. Anxiety of Britisk. “Thus it has come about that the | people in this country regard with) anxiety what appears to them to be the determination of France to ruin Germany and dominate the continent, | without consideration of our reason- able interests and future consequences to a European settlement; that they Ilrel apprehension of the large mili- tary and aerial establishmente main- {tained not only in ecastern but also in western France: that they are dis- turbed by the interest shown by your go\'emmem in the military organiza- tlons of the new states in central Europe, and, finally, that they ques- jtion why all these activities should !be financea by theé French govern- |ment in disregard of the fact that the British taxpayer has to find up- i ward of £30,000,000 yearly as interest upon loans raised in America and that our taxpayers also have to find large sum to pay the interest on the debt of France to us, to meet which France herself has as yet neither made nor propounded, 80 far as they can see, any sacrifice equivalent tq their own. Seek to Find Cauxes. “Such popular sentiments, errnoeous though they muy b8 are factors which both you and ¥ are bound to take into conside;afion. In my {judgment it is theso &t:tes of optnion which have vitiated eur relations in | the past and have also induced our two governments to indulge. in altercations | regarding the symptons of malady with- lout endeavoring with clarity and good senge to investigate the causes. It is a thoroughly unhealthy condition. which gives me much concern and which T venture to believe disturbs you, too. 1 am hearity anxious that You and I together should try to give both these sections of Frénch and British opinion some sense of confl- ]dence that the basls of their fears and resentments i{s belng removed. "It is not, however, my present pur- pose to enter at any length into such Questions as the Ruhr and Rhine- land occupations, or the Palatinate beyond saying that no one who.has to observe British opinlon:today can aftord to overlook the urgent neces- sity of coming to arrangements re- garding them without delay. Lack of Confidence. « ealize that the difference 3 :»’i‘:\]llo};x “which has manifested it- melf wwith respect to those problems is o symptom of a larger lack of mutual confidence. I see little pros- pect of our being able to attain any SEreoment on such matters unless we are first able by frank and cour- ageous discussion to achleve some unanimity in regard to the essential purposes to v;‘mch these problems are y<aubsidiary. ey when I consider our relations in their wider aspects I do not feel that our essential. objects are so di- vergent. The French people desire se- curity; the British people cherish that identical ideal. But, whereas France conceives security as security against Germany alone, the Brtish pire attributes to_the word a Vider significance. What we desire is security against war. Problem of Security. “To my mind the problem of se- curity 18 not merely a French prob- lem. It is'a Buropean problem and one which interests alike England and Germany, Poland and Czechoslo- vakia, Hungary and Jugoslavia, Rus- sla and Rumania, Italy and Greece. “It may well be that some later decade may see the coming of uni. versal disarmament and universal arbitration. Our task meanwhile must be to establish confidence, and this task can only be achieved by realizing and by allaying the inter- hational ‘suspiclons and anxieties which exist today. Whether this ob- Ject can h. partially achleved by processes local demilitarization’ -and nenlnlun.lan by the oreation between' certaln states of hands of neutralized territory under mutual, or of They were offered, ; Footsteps Note to France ‘even collective guarantees and super- vision, or by some other means, is & ;nnn‘-r for careful consideration in otail. “It is a matter, I believe, in which the league of nations, both by dis- cussion -and _eventual action might play an important part. It is a policy in support of which the assent and g0od will of every European country would have to be enlisted. But itisa policy. which can only bé initiated if France and England are agreed. Divergencies of Damages. “Similarly the French people desire reparations. They concelve of it malinly in fts concerte form of pay- mente by Germany for physical dam- age occasfoned upon French terri- tory. The British people also ardent- 1y, deslre to-tepalr the devastation of war, but for.them this devastation is to be-interpreted in twider trms—in ruined markets, in vanishing purchas- ng power. in the decline of shinpping and foreign trade, in fallen and fluct- uating currencies, in unemployment. “Our devastated areas may be more diffcutt 'to visualize and define; their reconstraction will be less tangible and more protracted, But they cxist for us cruelly, as they exist for France, and o long a8 no remedy is found ‘the present sufferings and anxietles of this empire will contin- ue, “Before we can discuss this ques- tion, however. we must clearly await the reports of the two c¢xpert commit- tees, and T do 80 with the hope that | they will draw your country and Pmine together. 1 see no reason why this problem, if approached from its wider aspect and if considcred In con- jJunction with the cognate problem of {interallied debts, should not on an carly day be solved in such a manner as to give to England hope of eco- nomic.stability in Europe, and to France the assurance that her just requirements will be met. Holds Unity Essential “Here agabn, it France and England can but agree the co-operation of the other European countries will be as- sured and It will be possible for us to approach the United States. not as debtors disputing one with the other, but a8 the united Europe, anxious by mutual sacrifice and arrangement to cure the ills from which our people are now suffering. “Tt 1S on such a basls that I should wish to discuss with you our out standing problems. If we can achieve agreement on the main principles which inspire us, and if these princi- ples can be explained to our respec- tive peoples and to the public opinion i of the world. then I have littls doubt that inany subsidiary problems, intri- cate and thorny though they have become, will not prove impossible of solution, “If on’the other hand we allow our- selves to become entangled in a mass of discussions around such situations and problems as the Ruhr, the Rhine- land and the Palatinate, then our ul- timate objects will again become ob- structed and we shall relapse into the old wearlsome round of controversy and altercation on points that may !be important. Lut are not funda- mental. Must Have Joint Action. “It is in the hope of avolding any such retrograde movement that I have endeavored in this letter to in- dicate what T consider to be the essentials of the problems. 1 repeat, my dear premier, that the condition of Europe can only. I fecl convinced. be remedied by joint action between France and England, undertaken with full sympathy for their respective re- quirements and with wise regard for the interests of the world at large. For such co-operation I am fully pre- pared.” Premier Poincare, after assuring Mr. Macdonald of his full agreement with his review, say: “No more than yvou do I wish at this stage to _enter {nto too much detail, or formulate concrete proposals. But I am anxious to assure you that I am ready to begin with you an ex- amination of these great outstanding problems. and I shall enter upon this examination in that spirit of concilia- tion and loyalty with which you your- sclf are animated. Afms of Fraace. “T think that with mutual good will we should succeed, without too much difficulty, in dispelling the re-| grettable misunderstandings which have arisen between the two coun- tries. “Ever since the signature of the peace treaty Frarce has been ob- sesred by two legitimate preocupa- tions. She aims at the restoration of her material losses and the defi- nitc establishment of her security. On her elde Great Britain. whose eco- nomic life has been profoundly dis- turbed by the war, degires above all else the revival of the European markets. the general resumption of work and stable international rela- tione. “Far from being irreconcilable, the Interests and desires of our two countries are altogether in harmony and both can only be satisfied by the same mcans. When wo demand our reparations and our security we are; not glving way to narrow, selfish sentiments; we are simply secking to create the conditions of a durable peace irn FEurope. Without that peace founded on justice the com- mercial and industrial life which England wishes to see reborn would unfortunately not be possible. “On the other hand, the day France is indemnified for her ruins and shel- tered from attack the whole conti- nent will have great likelthood of | galning tranquillity. Wants Germans Prosperous. “Those of your fellow countrymen Who believe ‘that France dreams or has dreamed of the physical or eco- nomic annihilation of Germany are! mistaken. As the creditor of Ger- | jmany France is not so mad as to wish to reduce her debtor to poverty. f It is in the interests of France that | Germany should work, produce and recuperate, and if France does not mean this' recovery to develop into hegemony she has not, so far as ehe herself is concerned, any ulterlor motive of continental supremacy. “No more does she harbor the am- bitlous designs which are sometimes attributed to her in England and which are in contradiction of all the principles of a democratic republic. No reasonable Frenchman ever dreamed of annexing a particle of German territory or turning a single German into a French citizen. At no time, either during the peace negotiations or since, has any pretention of this nature been put forward. France, who fought side by side with Eng- }a.nd f%\; the H}ger‘sly of natlons, is as ncapable as England of in: this liberty. ke Never Claimed Rhine. “Apart from Alsace we have.never claimed the Rhine as a frontfer. We only arked that Germany could no longer be in a position to use the MARCH 3, 1924, e ! i jTevenge. We have suffered invasion i tions Rhine as a military base in fresh at- tacks against France. Wa have asked that in (he general interests of peace the river should form a barrler agminst aggression. That wag the thought expressed by Mar- shal ‘Foch on the morrow of the ar- mistice. Neither the commander-in- chief of the allled armies nor the Frenoh government of 1919 had for & single moment the idea of incor- porating in French territory one square inch of German territory. “I_myself, who was at that time the president of the republic, clearly expressed my_opinion to President Wilson and Mr. Lloyd George in & letter dated April 23, 1919. In my opinion, it would have been prudent to prolong the occupation of the left bank of the Rhine until the treaty had been definitely carried out. I considered that it was the surest means of inducing Germany to ob- tain her freedom. She had, moreover. herself employed this method after 1871, but even at that time 1 was, of course, a5 I am today, opposed to any form of annexation. Abldes by Treaty. “Whatever the - disappointments which may have been experienced— the existence of which you are good enough not to dlspute—France never sought anything not recognized to be hers by the treaty. If that treaty had been carried out she would never have complained, “On the day of victory she did not conceive boundless hopes; she did not count in fmpossible reimbursements. She simply hoped she would be paid what was her due: she simply count- ed on the signatures being honored. Among the errors of appreciation concerning ourselves, which ection of British public opinion permits. the one which is to us most incomprehen- sible and which most saddens us, is that regarding our miljtary arma- ments. Are there really Englishmen Who_suppose that France would be capable of making fratricidal prepa- ratlons against their countr: Designed for Defense. “Our military and aerfal establish- ments are exclusively designed to de- fend us against attempted German often enough to be compelled to pro- vide in advance against it. If our es- tablishments are scattercd through- out our territory, it is because our administrative organizations and our mobillzation requirements do not al- low us to concentrate them in the east. But our army and our air force are no more sign of defiance to Eng- land than the serial and maritime fleets of Great Eritain are, in your view, a threat to France. Our policy toward the states of the little entente has always been of the same peaceful character. Pending the grant to us, if it be possible, of | more effective guarantees for the maintenance of peace, we have been anxious to keep in contact with all nations who are interested in the loyal application of the treaties out of which the new constitution of Eu- rope has arisen. Pledges on Loans. “In that there is nothing which can give umbrage to England; for the last four years, we have never ceased to proclaim that we should | consider adherence 1o iEis Krounuof friendships as the best guarantee ! of peace. Moreover, in lending to the allied states of central Europe the Tesources necessary for their defense we have done nothing which could | impoverish ourselves or prevent us from paying our own debts, since the loans to which we agreed were only ugreed to in exchange for positive pledges. “On all these points I am convinced straight forward explanations given openly will put an end in our re- spective countries to inaccurate in- terpretations and will destroy preju- dices inspired by erroneous or incom- plete information. 1 “To bring our two public opinions | more surely back to a just apprecia- i tion of things, I think, like You, that we must rise above the questions of secondary interest, and, above all, keep In” view the future of our countries and the weltare of human- Occupation of Ruhr. “We occupied the Rubr in order to induce Germany to settle with usand to conquer the stubborn resistance of the German industrial magnates. This method of pressure will cease, as we | have announced, on the day that Ger- many pays off her debts. On the other hand, the occupation of the Rhineland will como to an end when the condi- iaid down in the treaty have Leen fulfilled and our security guar- anteed. “It will doubtless not be long be- ! fore the experts present their reports, The reparation commission and the allied governments will, in accord- ance with their respective competence, examine the opinions given by the committees. We shall then be able. I hope, to arrive rapidly at a compre- | hensive settlement and to insure that Germany carries it out. “I thank you for telling me that you 100k upon the question of inter- allied debts as connected with that of reparations. It is infinitely to be de- sired that they should be settled at the same time. Would Strengthen League. “The government of the republic, like the British cabinet, firmly in- tends to strengthen and magnify the role of the league of nations. If it had depended only on us the league would_have had from the beginning THE ‘ The Flint Six is alwayscompared up the scale—not downward. Washington Flint Company Factory Branch 1517 Connecticut Ave. Phone Potomac 1673 Some territory still available in Mary- land, Virginia and West Virginia. THE EVENING STAR COUPON “THE AMERICAN GOVERNMENT” By Frederick J. Haskin 3. word in my home. snd it seems to me should be in The Book That Shews Uscle Sem At Werk Present this coupon $1.00 at the Business of The Evening Star and secure your copy of the book, a 5-color map of the United States, 28x22 inches, and a 32-page booklet con- taining the Constitution of the United States. Mail Orders—Add for postage up to 150 milew, 6c; 300 miles, Sci greater distances, ask pos ter rate for 2 pounds. The American Government,’ by Frederic Haskio, bas alresdy become o household s charming to cead, ‘education.” WILLIAM Atét‘.':n WILBUR, Deas. blag_College, i the more powarful means of action than| those with which it was endowed. We pray it may find in the growing confidence off the states which com- pose it all the authority it needs to fulfill_its mfssion effectually. May the progress it makes and the de- velopment of international arbitra- tion soon justMy the assoclated na- tions in proceeding to a co-ordinated limitation of ammaments which will not expose the most peace-loving to the enterprises qf the most warlike. “Further, whetBer it is a ‘question of increasing the prestige of the league of nations, of hastening on the reparation of the disasters of the war, or of consolidating the peace of the ‘world, T share your conviction that the closer the entente between our two countries the more rapid and successful will be tha resuit. “I um gruteful to vou for having affirmed this so clearke vourself. No more than you am I abie to imagine | England and France separated from cach other, or even ind¥ierent to euch other. It is mot only France, it is not only England who yould have to pay the price of such dfssensions. It would be the whole of Europe, the whole of humanity. “We owe it to civilization to remain united. Since our two countries are conscious of this duty it is impossible that we should not act together ¢o WEALTH OF 6 STATES SHOWS BIG INCREASE ‘Washington. North Dakota, Ne- vada, Wyoming, New Mexico, Arizona Richer. alth of six stutes issued to- Details of the w at the close of 1 were day by the census bureau as follows: Washington's we cus $3, 405,000, an increasc of 62,8 per cent cent. North Dakota’s wealth w 000, an Increase of 17.5 p ith & per capita wealth of $3, increase of 11.6 per cent. Wyoming's wealth was §976 an increase of 177.2 per cent, with a per capita wealth of $4.662, an in- crease of 109.1 per cent. ew Mexico's wealth was §551,826.- 000, an increase of 74.4 per cent, with wealth of $2,299, an in= crease of 67.9 per cent. Nevada's wealth wus $341,716.000, an_increase of 20.0 per cent, with per capita wealth of $5.998. an in- crease of 40.7 per cent. Arizona's wealth was $1.31 an increase of 190.8 per cent, per capita wealth of $3,311, crease of 72.9 per cent. U. S. SUSTAINED IN CASE. Upheld in Disposition of Land in New Jersey. Land requigitioned by the United States Emergency Fleet Corporation under the housing act was properly turned over to the Public Service Railway Company of New Jersey for construction of a trolley loop. the Supreme Court decided today in a cate brought by the Manufacturers' {and and Tmprovement Company of ng to recover the an in- | PINDLER 607 12th St. N.W.—M. 2704 SWISS WINS RIGHT y TO SEIZED STOCK $200,000 Awarded on Plea That Transfer Was Made Before U. S. Entered War. D. C. COURT IS REVERSED Court of Appeals Renders Decision. » | Smyth Dissents. ) Joseph Magg of Switzerand is en- titled to recover stock valued at $200,000 from the alien property cus- todian, according to a decision of the District Court of Appeals rendered today by Justice Van Orsdel and con- curred in by Justice Robb. Ch Justice Smyth filed a dissenting opin- fon. The action of the appellate tribunal reverses the decree of the District Supremo Court, \\hIch had dismissed th bill brought L Magi Chiefl Justice Smyth des l.‘r(-; in his dissent that he is unable to believe any of the testimony on which Magg rests his title to the stock. The majority opinion of the court holds that the transfer of the stock from org Wustenfeld. German. 5 was effected Fo ruar several weeks before the tates entered the war and when “no one even (‘unumph{rd that the United States would be at with Germany or t there would 1 { any possibil ation by the United Stat of the stock question,” it a completed trans action and the legal title had passed to Magg before the declaration of war. The stock thercfore was not subjest to seizure, the court finds. The Court of Appeals was unani- mous in_Its opinfon, also rendered by Justice Van Orsdel, in which it sus tained the action of the Distri Su preme Court in dismissing a bill of com- plaint of Behn, Meyer & Co,, Ltd., & British corporation enguged in Iru in the Philippin the allen propert for the return of propert: Manila. The appellate court that more than If the stock of ti corporation W enemy-owned el the company is not entitled to cover. WILL ACT ON COHEN. Senate Sets March 17 for Cousid- ering Rejection of Customs Official. The hard fought nomination Walter L. Cohen, Louisiana negro republican leader, to be controller o customs at New Orleans, has bee made a snecm oranr of Senate busi- " agains! oF.d Py "up on that day the motion tor Shipstead, Minnesota, farm- -labor member, to Teconsider. the cnate vote of 37 to 35, by which » ‘ohen’s nomination Tecently was re- jected. lean and Press sall and Deliver Ladies’ Suits Men’s Suits $1.50 95¢ If the Bride’s Gift ‘Spring Paint Supplies Brushes Of All Kinds —is to be a handsome tea table, writing desk or buf- fet, add to its beauty by having us fit it with a glass top. Glass protection wnll increase the cost of such a gift very little, while greatly prolonging its use- fulness. Prices Specially Low on_Paint Supplies as well as on Window etc. HUGH and Plate Glass, REILLY CO. PAINTS, OILS, GLASS 1334 N. Y. Ave. Phone Main 1703 Said Secretary Mellon--- w . < the income of the man who works with his brains or with his hands is uncertain end limited in duration. It may at any time be interrupted by sick- ness or terminated by death, and old age can be coutited upon to' diminish it.” ~—Saturdoy Evewing Post, Jam. 5, 1924 In other words, the dollar you earn today is too much for you to spend today. Unless you save a part of every earning you are actu:lly living beyond your means. A savings account is something you need and can- not afford to wait for. Open one today. Federal-American National Bank W. T. GALLIHER Chairman of the Board JOHN POOLE, President Resources Over $13,000,000.00