Evening Star Newspaper, January 31, 1924, Page 6

THE "EVENING STAR _ With Sunday Morning Edition, WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY. . ..January 31, 1024 iHEODOBE W. NOYES. . ..Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Busls Oftice, 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave, New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Chicago Office: Tower Bullding. European Office: 16 Regent 8t., London, England, The Evening Star. with the Suuday morning edition, s delivercd by carriers within the city 8t 60 cents per month: dally only. 45 conts per moath: mionth. Orders may be sent by mail or tele. vhone Main 5000, “Collection is made by car- viers at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia, Daily and Sunday Tally only 1yr., $8.00; 1 mo., 50¢ Sunday on ..1¥r., $2.40; 1 mo,, 20¢ All Other States. Daily and Sunday.1y: Draily on Sunday 1mo, 85¢ 1imo., 60c 1 mo., 25¢ Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Pross iy exclusively entitl fo the ‘use for republication of ull news yatehes czedited to it or not otherwise credite o this paper and also the local news pub. Jished ‘herein. Al rights of publicution of wiecial dispatehes hareln are also reserve oniy o e Larger Municipal Powers. Appointment of a subcommittee of the Senate District committee to con; sider a plan to enlarge the ©f the District Commissiones 1 s in cer- in details of municipal management and to draft a bill to that effect is to e welcomed as an indication of desire on the part of the Senate com- mittee to facilitate the local adminis tation. Anything that is possible within the fundamental law along this line will be acceptable. Hereto- fore the only power given to the Commissioners has been that.of fram- cerfain municipal regulations (huilding, police, etc.) for the protec- tion of life, health and property Certain decisions have been rendered the courts to the effect that Con- ss cannot delegate its general pow- of exclusive legislation for the District of Columbia given by the Constitution. One of these decisions (Ruach against Van Riswick) inval- ldated on that ground an act of the District’s territorial legislature in t: soventica of last century. In formity with that decision, or a veconsideration or modification of 1t. whatever is manted by Congress In the way of direct adm’nisthative au- thority would helpful in the di- rection of sp stive and pro- and constructive action, = Of the f ming of the bill whi contemplated the limitations «d by the court on this delega tion - of authorit be held strietly in view. Doubtless much can be done still to enlarge the po the Commis- « To do o would facilitate the inunicipal business and would relieve Co The authority granted by statute to the Commis-sioners to write aud enforce certain fai regula- tions has heen exercise/. Hy the mu- nicipal heads with discécion and in the main to the advantage of the com- nunity. Changes in these rules are made only upon deliberation and after ascertainment of public wishes ——— Government Building Program. The bill introduced by Senator Smoot, chairman of the public build- ings: commission. authorizing appro- priation of $30.000,000 for construc ing government bulldings at Wash- ington, is another step toward mee ing a need which has been felt and which has been under discu: good many vears. With the recent exparsion in government work the need for new buildings has become pressing. Of the sum carried in the bill not more than $10,000.000 is to be made available in any fiscal year. 1 the pending bill becomes a law construction will soon be begun on buildings for the bureau of internal revenue and other Treasury bureaus and offices not housed in governmen owned buildings; a building for the general accounting office; homes for the Department of Justice, the De- partment of Agriculture, Department of Commerce and Department of Labor; a national archives building, and a warehouse for the general sup- ply committee and other goveinment purchasing agencies. Tt is provided in the bill that the buildings shall be erected on land al- ready owned by the government or on private lands which the Secretar: of the Treasury may acquire. No oubt most of the buildings will be constructed on land now owned by 1he government and outside of park Yand. The section between 14th and I5th streets and Pennsylvania avenue and B strect, which was taken over Ty the government several years ago, will Yuildings. The government also owns Jand west of 17th, south of the Ave- nue and north of Potomac Park on which temporary buildings stand. ————————————— Diplomatic embarrassments likely to arise when foreign repre- sentatives are made to feel that in order to fall in with the customs of their surroundings it is necessary not to take the prohibition laws too seri- ously. —_————————— Secretary Denby freely intimates fhat a large number of sunsets are likely to come and go before he even considers seriously Senator Walsh's urgent invitation to resign. f e ——— The frony of fate continually ar- ranges for Eome new sensation to break just when the public is all ready to concentrate on the league of na- tions, ing Ty v o the er s be ier co) tective s ne is finp congrressional rs of mers. sup sion for a are 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue. Through all this talk about a sum- mer White House runs the inference t No. 760v Pennsylvania avenue is not a comfortable place in which to live when trees are in full leaf and fountains splash. This will not dis- courage any of that large and increas- ing number of gentlemen who would take a four-year lease on the dwelling. To most persons in Washington it seems to be that sort of a dwelling house which is o often called “eligi- Lie.” It 1s.not altogether cozy and aomelike, but it might be made so by #omewhat restricting the number and { varlety of callers. A few weeks ago 3ol Sherrill said that the house.y Sunday only, 20 cents per ! provide sites for some of the | 80 much in need of repair that it might collapse, but it has not been printed in the news that the building inspector has condemned it or served notice on the present tenant to move. There are many persons who rent flats in Washington who see no rea- son why No. 1609 Pennsylvania av nue should be incomfortable in sum- mer. It has a’ good-sized yard on all sides and is convenfent to Lafayette Park and the ball grounds on the Ellipse. It is set far enough back from the street that the Georgetown- {navy yard cars ought not to keen the tenants awalke all night and yet it Is close enough to the street that the occupants may sit at the front window and see what is going on in the world. . This Washington summer stuff sometimes overdone. Not everybody In Washington owns a cottage at Newport or a summer plantation in the Adirondacks and yet many local residents live to ripe or green old age land get a good many sweets out of {life. Last June and July, when the i mercury ranged in the nineties, many |men who came in from Mount Pleas. jant. Brightwood. Anacostia, Petworth, | Brookland and all the other places jof which Washington is the suburb |testified that they “slept under blankets last night.” There is no | reason why a tenant of No. 1600 Penn. } { POWers | sylvania avenue should not live hap. | "edistant | pily . even in warm wea ——— Patent Office Congestion. Secretary Work, in a special report made to Congress on the state of { business of the patent office for the {past calendar year, says that as a result of changes in methods of handling applications the office has gained on the accumulations at the rate of 1,000 cases a month. Still congestion prevails and the Secretary describes conditions, due to greatly | {increased busir as “deplorable iEven under the new system of co-| { ordination it will be five years before {the technical work can be current, {and to accomplish this reports mu: {be augmented Ly at lea 10 examiners. Notwithstandinz ( jrent gain. there are stll on hand 167.000 patent applicatiois and 2.100 | wade mark and 900 design gases. This congestion in the patent office i due to two causes. i of wor the result of a marked development {of business and industrial progress. and depletion of the trained force con- 1sequent upon the heavy “turnover.” No other branch of the government suffers so severely in personnel de- | pletions as the patent office. It has | been frequently styled a training | school for patent experts. Young men ! jenter the service at comparatively {low salaries, work for several yea |10 acquaint themselves with the prac {tices of the office, study law mcan- while and then go out into the fleld as patent experts for Industrial co porations or members of established firms of patent attorneys, at much greater salaries than they could po: sibly hope under the present condi-| tions to receive from the government. The result of this large and steady turnover in the force is necessaril a slowing of the procedure, The office {is compelled constantly to “break in" new men. It cannot maintain the | headway that is possible with a con- Istant, experienced force. H The remedy for this condition is a | {higher pay scale that will lessen, though it may not prevent altogether, | the depletion of the force by drainage | into private work. The government ! | probably cannot compete with the | corporations and large firms of patent {attorneys in the higher ranges of pa: ‘But it can, at least. make the patent office service miore attractive as a c { reer for a large percentage of the men | | that it employs for this important | service. The patent office is a self- | sustaining institution, the fees col- {lected far more than mieeting the ex- | penses. Tt therefore, very poor | {economy to hold down the scale of | {pay for this branch of the work when, in consequence of low rates, the go jernment is losing valuable men and | as a result failing to keep up its| current of business. The very fact| that the service rendered by the; { patent office is paid for in fees makes | it incumbent upon the government to | keep the work up to date. The postal service s maintained by fees and it must be kept current. So should the patent work. ———— President Coolidge's political future | is said to be slightly in danger. Three | or four months before the nominating ! convention any presidential candi- date’s future is always in danger. ! ——— | The Senate is doing its best to make {its proceedings sufficiently interesting |to lure Mr. Sinclair back from the! tascinations of European travel. ——— { The old metaphor has been mangled. The present case is one of a Teapot ! { | i | | i | i Dome in a tempest. ———— Licensed Peddlers. The Commissioners have agreed to a regulation to require “peddlers or persons who go from door to door so- liciting subsecriptions to obtain a per- mit before engaging in such business.” |Those who must obtain permits are |descrived as “beggars, book can- vassers, peddlers and solicitors for subscriptions.” The regulation was! made after the receipt by the Com- missioners of @ letter from the Mer- chants and Manufacturers’ Associa- tion stating that many citizens have complained of frauds practiced on them by house-to-house canvassers. The experience of housekeepers and their maids is that these bell-ringers are quite numerous. Some persons who answer the doorbell have said that there must be a million of them. Generally these visitors.do not com- mit fraud, no matter what their inten- tions, because so few of them get in. We shall see how the permit system works, Even if only the honest ped- dlers and canvassers get permits, there will still be many pulls and | pushes on the bell. If @ woman, in- terrupted while washing the baby or broiling a steak for supper, adjusts her hair and apron and finds at the door a man who tays that he has a license from the District Commission- ers to sell her something she does not want, it is believed that she will feel no resentment. 1t is probable that unworthy people ollow the housg-towiouse Visiting |in railway { western railrcads have to make a living, But there must <be| many really poor people who cannot find anything else to db who go from door to door trying to sell small ax- ticles of use, ¢r which may become of use, in the house. Most of these people seem to be poor and needy and if they are not so they are good actors and wear excellent make-ups. It may be a good thing to have the police look them over, which will do no hurt to those who are not frauds. Doukhobors Returning Home. Announcement from Winnipeg that 3,000 Doukhobors from the Kamsack district of Saskatchewan are contem- plating @ deal for the sale of their property preparatoty to migrating to Russia, revives memory of the pecu- liar antlcs of these strange people some years ago. They belong to a re- ligious seot of Russi colony in the Dominion which they ran upon religious-communistic prin- ciples. They took it into their heads to migrate, and a large number of them started south without clothing. Tramp- ing along the roads in a state of na- ture that naturally aroused public in- dignation, they were finally halted and returned to their “reservation.” No one ever fully understood just why they took the freakish notion to march in public unclothed. They are non- . and were persuaded with- out much dificulty to go back home and conduct themselves normally. Still from time to time they ve given and otherwise failing to conform to the normal conditions of life. Strong prejudice has been created against them in that part of Canada. Now it Is announced that 3.000 expect to sail for Odessa within a month, & ship having been chartered, and that the remaining 6.000 will probably follow within a year. The soviet government, it is stated, will provide them with land and implements for a return of one-sixth of their crop. They are good farmers, and the present party of 3,000 will take with them about $7. 000,000 accumulated through their farming operations in Saskatchewan. It is easy to see why Moscow will wel- :ome them. One wonders whether they will have any clothes to wear after ¢ have lived in Sovietia a wh ——— Signs of Prosperity. The internal revenue bureau of the Treasury Department reports a grati- tying Increase in the payments to the government. from all internal levies in the six months from July 1 to Jan- uary 1, as compared th period last year. The paym the last six months wei 432, while in 1922 they were 546,432, Income and profit taxes con- stituted, as usual, a large share of the total. For the past six months the receipts from this w s 51, as contrasted with $679 796,120 in 1922, Internal revenue receipts are un- failing indices of the general cond tion of the country and the people, for no one can escape the tax gatherer. It is pleasant reading. then, to note what the figures show in the imprc ment of business reflected in these increases. All classes are sharing in the good times and encouraged to look for stili better times o come. Another sign of the hizhly faverable nature with me nts for £1.330,7 $1.167.- times of is the a car construction. The Iron Age pr dicts that 1924 will be an unusual vear in buying. Some of the Yarge placed heavy orders for rails and cars and others are “in the market” with inquiries ! indicating preparations to buy. The first month of the ne has fulfilled the prophecies of thriving business made at the heginning and all the reports augur well for tinuance of prosperity. [ con- A rise in the price of gas is coinc dent with agitation in oil circles, It is hoped that the flivvering public is | not being made to suffer under a r sentment for which it is but s responsible —_—— e zhtly DBy this time Attorney General Daugherty has probably learned to regard the resignation rumor as part of the regular business routine of his office. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON In Florida, In Florida the balmy breeze Is wafted over azure seas. The sunshine dances from afar To murmurings of the light guitar. If T were there. would 1 return To Washington, to help them learn Sad facts, amid the ice and snow? Respectfully, 1 answer, No! A congressman cuts in just here And says, “Yow'd have no cause for fear Should you from Florida he called And in the witness chair installed. You will not feel the winter chill Around the dome up on the Hill. You will admit beforc we're through We've tried to make it warm for you. Capitol Grammar. 1s ‘senator’ a common noun or a proper noun?” asked the precise per- son. 2 “The rules aren’t strict on that point,” answered Senator Sorghum. ‘Each person has his opinion, accord- ing to his own politics Jud Tunkins says women are hard to deceive, but he doesn't know whether this is due to intuition or their habit of not believing anything a man says. Long-Range Work. ‘When witnesses a-traveling go, We'll manage, by.and by, ‘To loosén up the radio To let them testify. Trying to Be Kind. “She married that homely, ill-na- tured man simply. for his money.” “Well,” answered Miss Cayenne, patiently, “there had to be some ex- cuse.” “Tain' no use gittin’ knowledge you don’t use,” said Uncie Eben. “Iknows a man dat has read de Bible through fifteen times, Jthout no noticeable re- ns who formed a | boom | car building and railway | WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS Thomas W. Gregory, the democratic member of President Coolidge's bi- partisan commission to probe the ofl cases, grew up In Austin, Tex., with Col. Edward M. House, It was largely due to House's influence that Gregory was taken Into the Wilson cabinet as Attorney General. Born in Mississip- pi, reared In Texas and now a prac- ticing lawyer in Washington, Greg- ory is of the solemn and sllent type that Calvin Coolidge himself incar- nates. Like the President, Gregory iDrefers works _to words. Slins H. Strawn, the republican on the oll case, has long been in the inner coun- clls of the G. O. P. in Illinols and the west. He is a particular crony of Fred W. Upham, the republican national treasurer. Since Willlam M. Butler, the Coolidge campaign chief- tain, took up his headquarters in Chi- cago ne has seen a good deal of Strawn, and doubtless Butler's com- mendation weighed heavily with the President when the two lawyers were picked out. Mr. Coolidge went west for his legal talent. Which Is a slgn of the political times. * ok ok ok Mr. Bok hasn’t as yet brought any pressure to bear on the United States Senate, but Washington's “Little Con- gress” will tackle the Bok peace brize award at its weekly meeting on jFebruary 2. This parllament of con- |gresrional private secretaries and at- i some trouble, in refusing to pay taxes | (4°hes will debate a resolution pro- | viding that “The Little Congress of the United States favors the adoption of the peace plan submitted by the Bok jury of award.” The fight for the resolution will be led by Ken- neth Romney, the democratic as- isistant to the republican sergeant-of- arms of the House. supported by Robert H. McGimsey, secretary to Senator Ransdell of Louisiana. The resolution will be opposed by Wal lace Wharton, secretary to Repre- sentative Watkins of Oregon. and Paul John Kvale, who 1s secretary to his father, the successor of Andrew J. Volstead in the House. “Lit- tlp Congress” el new speaker every two months. At present Its “Gillett” is a socialist, Marx Lewls, secretary to Congress' lone soclallst member, Victor L. Berger of Wiscon- sin. P.'F. Snyder, secretary to Rep- resentative Albert Johnson of Wash- Ington. ix whairman of the “Little Congre: committee on order of busines: * % ox o Edward L. Doheny. who holds the venter of the stage in the oil-lease ! scandal. was the principal “angel” of sun De Valera's campaign for freedom” in the United States During the year or two preceding the { establishment of the Irish Free State Eam “Irish | Deheny was president of the “Ameri- | can Association for Recognition of | Laborites Must ! Difficult Backward Walk| IBY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. Since Premier James Ramsay Mac- |donald is reported by cable from iLondon to have received the approv- jal of the king to the appointment of fT:)rn Grifliths, member of parliament { for Pontypool, to the post of treasurer {of the royal household and of James | A. Parkinson, member for Wigah, to {the controllership of the royal household—that to say, to court !dignities that are invariably held by members of parliament of the party in power, and to serve as a sort of wnecting link and laison officers be- tween the court and parliament, ithese two laborites, both of them former workingmen and excellent jtypes of their class. will be obliged {to acquire with all possible speed the jdifficult zrt of walking backward. For, in addition to their legislative lduties at Westminster, they will be lobliged to take part in every court |pageant and royal entertainment, {along with the other dignitaries of tthe king’s household, arrayed in a lavishly gold embroldered = uniform {With white tight fitting kerseymere {knee breeches. white silk stockings and pumps with gold buckles and arry in their hand a long white wand or staff of office. Thus ac- coutred they will in all royal pro- {cessions at court balls, court recep- {tlons. at the opening of parliament, ete., and even at great court pageants in public, such as, for instance. the inauguration of some great national | institution, be cailed upon to immedi- jately precede the king and queen, walking backward. They will -form |part of that little cohort of so-called ‘white staves” comprising the lord ichamberlain of the houschold and {its lord steward the master horse. who has until now been the | marquise of bath and the vi ! berlain, all equally arraved, who will {conduct the royal cortege crab fash- i on. P This walking backward constitutes a token of great respect. It is an act of homage that men of the old regime in Europe still accord to every great lady of their acquaintanee, when they i back out of her presence on the con- {clusion of a call. and is based on the doctrine that it is discourteous to ever turn the back 1o any one who.is entitled to deference. The turning of | the back upon a Derson is to such an {extent a demonstration of disregard and contempt that it has even come to be used as a figure of speech for the expression of aversion, and hence it is not unnaturally forbidden by the etiquette of most of the courts of Europe. The court method of “walk- ing backward” takes the form of walking three steps backward, fol- {lowed by a low bow to the advanc- {ing sovoreigns, then a half turn and three sidling steps, then another half turn_followed by three steps back- ward with another'bow, and so on. This walking backward has to be done not merely on the level, but also up and down stairs, which is still more arduous ‘and requires an enor- mous amount of practice. Those not accustomied thereto sometimes comes to grief, as did the elghth Duke of Argyle. The latter on one of those rare occasions on which the late Queen Victoria opened par- liament in state, Was in attendance on her majesty and carried the crown of the realm on a velvet cushion. At the close of the ceremony, during which he had occupied & place on the dais of the throme in the house of lords, he proceeded to move back- ward, leading the way for the queen. He forgot, however, the three steps of the dais, and when he reached its edge he féll backward, all huddled up in his long, heavy, ermine-barred peer's robe, from the folds of which he was extricated with dificulty, while the crown of the realm all studded_with jewels rolled onto the ifloor. The queen, whose face showed more concern than amusement, al- though the gravity of those around her was sorely taxed by the s ! presented by the “Cock of the North, as the duke was called in con: quence of his somewhat strutting gait, addressed a few kinds words 10 him'expressing the hope that he was not hurt, and then swept out with her cortege. * X * ¥ This royal law of etiguette of back- ing out of the sovereign's presence is by no means restricted to the dig- nitarles of the court, but is incum- bent upon all those who are recelved by the' anointed of the Lord, espe- BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE of ‘the | cham- | the Irish Republic.” Doheny was given the floor at the democratic na- tional convention in 1920, to submit & minority report from the committee on platform. In the course of a briet speech he read the report, which fa- vored recognition of Ireland. The ofl magnate, who followed Willlam Jen- nings Bryan and W. Bourke Cockran, pleaded his Inability to emulate their master oratory and said it was virtu- ally his malden venture as a speech- maker. * oK K R His buddies recently had “a good laugh on Jullus H. Barnes, president of the United States Chamber of Com- merce. Barnes as. in Washington addressing a local commercial body at its annual dinner. He was rhapso- dizing about the prosperity in which America is engulfed. “Why," he said, ‘there isn't & shopgirl in the United States today who doesn't wear silk stockings!” Whereupon there came a_chorus of merry volces. which cried: “How do you know?’ When Barnes recovered his equilibrium he diverted his prosperity talk into other chan- nels. * % o* % It is the cheerful seasofl when par- ties and politicians promise profuse- Jy. To this observer comes news that republican scouts are already at work in varlous sections of the country trying to find out just what it Is the farmers would like written into the €. 0. P. natlonal platform iy 1924. idently the downtrodden ruralist is to be_invited to write his own planks. The democrats will not lag far behind in “cultivating” the bu- colic brother. Somebody once said a platform is something a party “gets in on" and not anything it “stands on. ? * ok ok % When Secretary Mellon addressed the Manufacturers' Club of Philadel- phia the other night and received its gold medal of honor, he made a “speech” that was long-winded for Mellon. Tt lasted three minutes and thirty-eight seconds. When the Loast- master told the Secretary of the Treasury that his remarks were go- ing to be sent broadcast by radio, Melion sald: “Well, I'll have to wateh my step.” "That stage whisper. got into the air along with Mellon's other loquacity. * % % ok Alice Roosevelt Longwortii lives in the Senate and House these days wlhen debates of historic import a under way. She enjoys every minute of them. Indeed, “Princess Alice” en- joys everything. A comrade ssked her recently for the secrct of her in- exhaustible capacity for getting out of life all it has to offer. “It's a sim- ple remedy.” Mrs. Longworth replied “I won't be bored and I never am.” (Copyright. 1024.) Learn even when maimed. Thus | have in mind a gallant officer of the Royal Engineers who, by the bye, designed many of the elaborate defenses of the port of Plymouth, who on his return from the front. with the loss of his right leg which had been amputated 0 high up that It was impossible to fit him with a cork leg, and was wholly dependent on his pair of crutches, was summoned to Bucking- bam Palace to receive the Order of the Bath for his services. Knowing by experience that he would have to traverse the entire length of the throne room before he reached the steps of the throne he took the pre- caution of providing himself with two beautiful bouquets of rar flowers. When he entered the room and traversed half its length he stopped for a second and dropped one of the bouquets on the floor, then proceeded to the foot of the throne and received the order from the queen. who naturally dispensed with his kneeling. Before he started to back cut of her presence he laid the second of the two bouquets of flowers at her feet. He retired quite slow! watched with profound sympathy by all present, by none more 8o than by the queen herself. When he got haif way he found the first of the two bouquets that he had brought. In that way he got his bearings, and, with an cxpression of much rellef on features. completed his journey to the entrance of the room, with complete safety and as- surance. the queen smiling graciou: at him and waving the flowers whic he had presented to her ax he bowed himself out. She never forgot this little incident, insisted on his being retained in the service and placed a royal carriage and two horses at his disposal for the remainder of his Iif besides bestowing upon him many other tokens of kindly favor. * ok ok ok Gen. Debeney., who has just been appointed by President Millerand and the Poincare government to the high office of chief of the general staff of the French army, in succession to the late Gen. Buat, has been until now & member of the supreme war council, the commandant of the FEcole de i Guerre or war school, and has long been the chief lieutenant and most devoted frlend of Marshal Petain. While his promotion has been: re- ceived with universal approval not only by the general public. but also in ! military circles, it is taken as an in- I dicatfon that it is Petain, rather than his fellow marshal, Ferdinand Foch. who enjoys the highest favor and commands the greatest confidence on the part of the government. The lat- ter has frequently had occasion to differ with Marshal Foch, who has strong views on the political situa- tion, and who has not in the past been entirely eve to eye with Pre- mier Poincare and Minister of War Maginot. Moreover, there are many Frenchmen nowadays who_are in- clined to blame Marshal Foch for having stood in the way of the French and allied march on Berlin in November, 1918, instead of granting an armistice to the enemy before it had retreated from French territory. Marshal Petain was one of those who strongly advocated the dicta- tion of the terms of the armistice from Berlin instead’ of at Compiegne, hich, if it Would have rendered superfluous the coetly occupation of the Ruhr. Yet, although Debeney was entirely in accord with Petain in this matter, yet he was appointed to receive the German plenipotentiaries when they entered the French lines at Hom- blieres to sue at Complegne for the Sessation of hostilitics. Debeney was still a lieutenant col- onel at the outbreak of the war and had been professor of Infantry tac- tics at the Ecole de Guerre, under Petain, his senlor by four years. By 1915 he had been advanced to the rank of a major general, 1916 to the command of an army corps, with the rank of general division. In 1917 he was engaged with Marshal Pe- tain in rcorganizing the Frénch army and in preparing for the 1913 offensive, in which he took the com- mand of the 1st Army, which he led brilliantly untik the end of the con- flict, recelving for his services the nd oross of the Leglon of Honor. o alkes .no secret” o€, his opinion that the mext -&reat international conflagration will be far more a war of materfals than of men, and his advent to the working chieftainship of the greatest of the world's armies is n to be characterized by re- markable developments in the appli- ocation of the latest acientific discov- eriea to _the reinfon mill- i by military and naval .oMcers, fARg being | had been carrled out.| "The North Window BY LEILA MECHLIN For a good many years painting, sculpture and architecture, In the public mind at least, ‘abode in arls- tocratic isolation. As the “fine arts” they were dlssoclated from the crafts or from the simpler arts of design, and 8o high was the boundary wall bullt that it was hard to look over from either side. The result was deterloration on both sides; the fine arts bocame less fine and their humble relatives grew distinctly in- ferior. This was the state of things in 1876, when the great centennial ex- position was held in Philadelphia. In every line of manufacture in which design was an important ele- ment evidence of bad taste prevailed. Not mueh Improvement was noticea- ble up to 1900, but since then the boundary wall which cut off inter- ourse between artista and artisans the fine and the applied arts, hi been steadily lowered, until today ft is a auestion in which fleld the aristocrats dwell. Indeed, so prom nently have the industriai arts come to the fore that one may now find in exhibitions of cotemporary Amer- ican painting pictures which would seem to imitate textiles and which doubtless could be better done and more acceptable even as decora- tions. If wrought through the medium of weaving. * ok oE % To a great extent. this close rela- tionship of the fine and applied arts is a hopeful sign. for in every great art period this relatlonship has been pronounced. The golden era of the Renalssance in Italy is marked not merely by masterpleces of painting, but exquisite productions in the crafts, productions in which the greatest artists of the day thought it not beneath their dignity to have a hand. So. also, in France, when great paintings and noble works in sculpture were being produced, mag- nificent tapestries were woven, fine porcelain manufactured, furniture and clocks of exquisite design turned out, Jlaces of the lovellest patterns threaded. S And in England, when Reynolds, Romney. Raeburn and Lawrenc were painting th superb portraits, there was an era of good taste in furniture, in fabrics, In pottery and jthe jike. How absurd and incon- &ruous a_ portralt by Titlan or a painting by Reynolds would appear in a room filled with such furniture as belonged to the golden oak er Of course. it is not easy to have quantitativa prodguction compare in merit with craftsman make. As Frank Alvah Parsons safd In an address at the Arts Club a couple of weeks ago, when chairlegs are turned out by the thousands through the medium of a feeder and a machine, and chairs come into existence through the rapid as- sembling of such machine-made parts, the could scarcely be expected to {brar comparison with the work of a netmaker. But even such chairs {have to be designed, and the design. {#1l will admit. is more carefully hosen and better today than it was {some vears ago. | American manufacturers have had {4 Bood deal to contend with in over- coming _the prejudice that things from abroad are more desirable than the homemade. and many fine prod- ucts manufactured in the United States have been sold as imported goods. T'p to the time of the great war American manufacturers went to Europe to a great extent for their designs, cut off it was discovered that we had designers in the United States com- parable with the best in Europe; and a recent survey of conditions in this country brought out the fact that for such designers of ability there is abundant opportunity and largs re- ward. R | The Metropolitan Museum of Art of |New York at the present time is hold- Ling an exhibition of American indus- ery materials, jewelry, wall paper, pottery—in fact, all sorts of objerts !in the manufacture of which design | is a leading factor. For some years the great Metropolitan has opened its | {doors to the works of American man. | ufacturers. but heretofore it has whiche was derived from a_study of exhibits in the museum. Wisely restriction has been done away with now, for, after all, why should a pre- mium be put on the reproduction of the work of previous generations? Tn 1925 a great exposition of deco- {rative and industrial arts is to be held {in Paris. and the question is, shall the United States participate? Are the products of our leading manufactur- ers of such character artistically and technically that they will reflect credit upon the United States when ghown in conjunction with those of { sther nations: will such exhibition re- |aound to our credit and advance ! American interests? Technically there is no question that American manufactures may be reckoned among the best. but in the matter of design we shall have to ad- mit that our finest work shows still foreign derlvation. We are making rugs of superlative quality. beautiful in design, but in most instances re- productions of oriental patterns. We are producing silks and fabrics of the most lovely quality and in some in- stancee of designs distinctly original. Our pottery is more original and we have at least one porcelain manufac- turer whose ' product compares with the best of that of England or France. In the matter of craft work we can make perhaps a more nationalistic jshowing, but even in this restricted { fleld the effort is more or less spo- {radic. We are copying rather than originating. but we are copying good things. * ok ok ok The museums of the country un- doubtedly are strongly influencing the development of design, directing attention to fine examples of past eras and opening their doors to cotem- porary work. A well known author- ity has stated that we are doing as fine printing In the United States to- day as was ever done in the world, which is saying a good deal. There are others who clalm that our silks e with those of France and italy. ERE I I 2 John M. Glenn, secretary of the Iili- nois Manufacturers’ Association, re- cently remarked? “Art has come to be as necessary to the manufacturers from a dollar-and-cents standpoint as nalls and paint” adding, “It is tle initial design applied on the first yard of calico that sells the whole bolt.” Logically, therefore, Mr. Glenn de- clares himself in favor of “every bit of art teaching that is being done in Schools.” for there, he says, “we have the future manufacturers and the future consumers.” This gets at the very heart of the matter—the teach- ing of the young. Some years ago the trend of art teaching was toward not merely the discovery of talent but the education professional _artists, painters, sculptors, and those who failed to a fain this goal took up. designing. Now the tendency is to base all teaching in design, and to let those most talented step upward from the platform of the decorative arts to the arts called fine. Y ettt | Accounted For. From the Boston Transcript. .o + Psychoiogists say it is easy to for- gel:“{ e unpleasant, which may ac- count for the mentai state of the peos ple who forget to pay their bills. Still Unconventional. From the New York Tribune. Lyeryihing Ip America but when that source was | this | | e |trial art. a manufacturers' umm-{ I { | the | garnered {the ANSWERS TO QUESTIQNS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN Q. What do we charge foreigners for an American visa on passports?— HTT A. The United States charges $10 for visas on passports of aliens from all countries. Q. Can motion radio?—V. W. A. This has not been accomplished yet, but a mechanism in being de- veloped with the expectation of trans- mitting motion picturcs by radfo, so that oyents may be. portrayed before our eyes as they are haj distant lands. ErenEHn pictures be sent by Q. How many circuses are now in winter quarters?—G. H. A. The Billboard lists thirty-two as being in winter quarters. Others may ba added to the number later. Q. How did the term “parlor car” originate?—J. A. It is sald that Jenny Lind ap- plied the term in @ joking way to a car that was specially prepared for her comfort when she made her tour ;a!l“'ho United States from 1850 to Q. How {s Saint Gaudens pro- nounced?—L. M. B A. Tt Is pronounced as if spelled “Sent Gawdens. Q. What is the average amount per acre for potatoes and corn?—W. A. The Department of Agriculture says that the average vield per acre for potatoes in the United States is approximately 104 bushels, while ap- proximately twenty-seven bushels of corn are grown per acre. Q. Is the word Bible always begun with a capital letter?—D. A. A. Bible is begun with a capital only when it applies to a book which is considered sacred, as the Holy Bible, or the Mohammedan Bible—the Koran. The word is usually used in this sense. When the noun is used merely to fdentify other collections of authoritative writings a capital is not used. Q. Who was the last of the soldfer gen!(ll to be returned from France?— A. Charles W. Graves was the last of the war dead to be brought from g\'efleas. He was burifed at Rome, a. Q. What was the total vote cast in the recent English elections?—A. P T A. The unofiicial popular vote ca: in England on December 6 last wai Conservatives. 5359.690; Labor, 4, 348.379: Liberals, 4,251,573; other par- ties, 226,796 Q. What state first observed Arbor day?—F, J. P. A. The pioneer Arbor day state is Nebraska, where the observance began in April 1872. Q. How many eclipses will there be during the present year’—A. K. C. A. In 1924 there will be five eclipses, three of the sun and two of the moon, none of which wiil be vis- ible In the United States. There will be total eclipses of the moon on Feb- ruary 20-21 and on August 14-15, and partial eclipses of the sun on March 5, July 31, and August 30 Q. In the lumber industry, how are woods classified as hardwood and softwood.—0. J. W. A. The forest service says that wood of the evergreen trees is soft- wood and the wood of broadleaf trees is hardwood. Q. What is the inability Chinese to pronounce the lette called?—C. A A. The Chitiess subatitite L% and the technical -name !or—li‘l of utterance is lambdacism. ‘l - i) j\‘ Q. How does a German glider rige In the air without a motor?—2z. R. M A. The German glider does not differ from other gliders In the means of obtaining support in the air. In all such craft support s receivei from the action of moving air on the wing surface. The glider, or soaring plane, is given motian relative to the surrounding air, ejther because of wind currents blowing past the craft or by ‘causing the glider to move through the air In & general down ward direction from some elevation such as a hill or & mountain. Alti tude may be galned whenever the rel ative air speed is greater than the necessary to maintain horizonta! flight. Q. Where were the lce pictures taken for “Way Down East"?—A. R A. They were made at White River Junction, Vt. Q. What bill was it that was de- feated by a “little group of wilfu men”?—E. A. A. A. The measur, ed by the filib of wilful me: which was defeat- tering “little group . who were Senators La Follette, Norris, C‘ummins, Kenyon Stone, Gronna. Kirbey, Vardaman, O'Gorman, Works, Clapp, Lane, was the armed ship bill .to permit the United States to arm its merchant- men. The filibuster continued until the adjournment of Congress, March 1917 Q. What is the derivation of the word saxophone?—S. B. A. It is named for fits Adolph Sax. inventor Q. How much will 2 magnet lift? —R. F. D. A. A plece of hardened tool stenl in the shape of a horseshoe can bLe magnetized to 1ift approximately 10 pounds per square inch. As the cross section is increased, the length must be increased proportionately to ret this strength per unit area. Q. Is “Copyright. 1924 a to a newspaper or magazine article the correct form to use for its pro- tection?—I. W. D. A. The copyright law prescribes the form th “opyright, 1924, by John Smith.” Any person who at taches a copyright notice to his ma- terlal without promptly afterward complying with the formality of de- positing printed copies with clalm of f copyright for registration. fails to comply with the express requirements of the law, and can not bring suit for infringement until he has done o Q. Where can T get the stamped with handpresses from ca fully burnished dies at the mint?-— D. R. K. A. The office of the director of the mint save that proof coins are no longer maid. (Take advantage of the free infor- mation bureau which this newspape sraintains. If there is a question woi want answered, don't hesitate to © this service. All replies are sent di rect to the inquirer. Address Fred- eric J. Haskin, director, The Star In- formation Bureau, 1220 North Capi- Tol strect. Inclose £ cents in stamps Jor return postage.) “Scofflaw” Epithet For Wets Fails to Record Decided Hit ’ They tried hard enough, but it didn't work, editors agree. Selection of the newly coined word *scoffaw,” as a designation of oprobrium for stead law, apparently has given only coiners of humorous phrases satisfaction. This, too, despite the fact that a prize of $200 went to the author. Now, although the word is only a shown only ubjects the design of | VeI¥ few weeks old, it already has nearly disappeared from circulation. although the Springfield Union recalls that mioney. prizes are still to Lle »r the “best statement why rinker of liquor should be call- ed ‘scoffaw.’” although the Union says. "It seems that the judges who selected the designation already have made that point clear, but, as there seems to be no limit to the bounty, let the good work go on.” To which the Al- bany News. after scoring the drink- ors, points out. “Scofflaw isn't much of a word and it was rather a silly contest, too. But the sooner the pro- hibition law is obeved and all Amer icans respect all laws, the better.” ry agein.” suggests the New York Evening World in asking whether any one “has noticed any heads bowed in shame under the pulverizing. triple-power. $200 prize epithet of excoriation? On the con- trary, ‘scofflaws’ seem tickled by the term. With that sense of humor which so signally separates them from the prohibitionists, the 'scoff- laws' have genially pinned the op- probious decoration to their coats and displayed it without a sign of dismay or depression. The most law-abiding of citizens may scoft at a bad law. “The best use of good laws,’ declared Wendell Phillips, ‘ls to teach men to trample bad laws under their feet. ™ Then again, as the Columbus State Journal points out, “a certain spon- taneity in their coinage seems req- uisite to the popularity of new words. The writer, and no less the word coiner, fails of his potential best when he consciously sets out to please somebody else.” “This is also the view of the Manchester Union, which insists coining a word is *like one of those proposed national an- thems or college songs written as substitutes for those in use, and which never get anywhere because they do not speak out of emotion to emotion.” * % % % As words go, “it's a perfectly good word,” the Binghamton Press feels, but it “won’t mean anything unless the time comes when the man who scoffs at law is looked upon by the public with general contempt.” The St. Joseph Gazette likewise sees merit in the plan to get some designation that would apply, because “this con- traband liquor traffic and the surrep- titious drinking that makes the traf- tic possible are today the most cor- rupting influence in American life. A term of reproach that would be apt, and would carry & sting, and come into general use, might do more than regulative laws to bring lax citizens to their senses.” To which the Louis- ville Times adds that any name ap plied will “be accepted with pride and worn with a swagger, but the weta- crats are a minority, and a small one.” “It is surprising that calling names as a means of suppressing lawle drinking was not thought of earlie in the game,” the Knoxville Sentifel asgerts.”. “It'is 80 simple and 80 inex- pensive. 1If any drinker is 8o hard- ened in conscience that he does not wholly wither under the ‘erm ‘scof- flaw,’ the drys can stab his'conscience by pointing the finger of scorn at him or by sticking out the tongue at him. And the Wichita Eagle, dealing di- rectly with the giver of the prize, in- sists: “Mr. King, your 3200 are wasted. And the fellows at whom you would hurl your two-hundred- dollar word will go right on drinking synthetic gin, utterly regardless the hissing of your terrible sibilant This view_has the Indorsement of the Decatur Herald, which points out that inasmuch as “offenders of these types are looked upon with no par- ticular repugnance by -their fellow, _!n ! | | tion including furniture, rugs. drap- | those who refuse to accept the Vol- | Sai natural law tion are to be shamed into compliance it must be by some term more cp- probrious and specific. 1t must be by Tinking the statute law with the tre mendous moral force of that univer- which causes any man to smart when called a thief and only smile if called a speeder.” * % ok Scofflaw _may be all right in Bos- ton. the Trenton Timcs suggests, but elsewhere “there are plenty of offend ers_who would rather be called & scoffaw than a rum hound or even .’ bootlegger, because. to use a common expression. ‘it does not mean any- thing' to the average person. It's too much like slapping on the wrist a loafer who insults a woman.” This view impresses the Cleveland News which recalls “reformers full of the best intentions'labored earnestly for generations to rescue erring brothers from the curse of the rum demon b: calling them drunxards. boozers topers. winebibbers, sots. soaks souses and other names considered highly invidious. Long and arduous trial of epithetical reform so signalls failed to banish strong drink that wv had to pass a law outlawing ft. Anid now they want us to t name-calling to make the law work And the Clncinnati Times-Star le- lieves “the true American scoflaws are those make-laws in the Sixty fifth Congress and the state legisla- tures of 1919 who voted the cup from their neighbors' 1lips, but not the wines and liquors from their own cel- lars” COURAGE “I am the master of my fate, I am the captain of my soul” —HENLEY. ’ LINCOLN'S MANY FAILURES. Abraham Lincoln was born in a log cabin in the then “wilds of Ken- tucky.” His mother died suddenly when he was ten years old. ) With less than one vear's schooling in his life, he read borrowed books by the light of the log fire. He wanted to be a Mississippi river pilot, but stayed with his roving thriftless father until twenty-tw year old. Striking out for himself. he handled practically his first mones while clerk at New Salem, IIL Promoted from private to captai in the Black Hawk war, he returnes to New Salem, ran for the legislature He, with a worthless parner, bough! a Abe” spent soventeen years paying the obligations. Appointed county were atfached for the store's deb. and a friend saved them for him. were engaged. She died suddenly and friends feared he would comm! Elected to the legislature, he ha to borrow funds to buy sultabl times. He learned law from friends’ books and was admitted to the bar. ress, he won two years later. Seek- ng to be land commissioner, he wax and his wife rejected it. He lost two races for the United States senator Douglas. His name was proposed: foy the vice presidential nomination, avp He was elected and re-elected Pre ident of the United States. He gui He accumulated the equivalent of half_a million dollars. Today his ex- world; his name Is honored and his memory revered." my knees,” he once said. “by the overy whelming conviction that T had no and that about me scemed Insuficient for that day and was overwhelmingly defeated re. It failed, and “Honest Ol surveyor, his harse and instruments He and blue-eyed Anne Rutleds suicide. clothes. He was re-elected thu? Snowed under in his race for Con- offered the governorship of Oregon ship, once following the debates with he ran second. ed the country through the civil war. amples have guided statesmen of the “I have been driven many times to where else to go. My own wisdom NexteHelenKejler Fonnd H B 4 3