Evening Star Newspaper, January 14, 1924, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY. seee January 14, 1924 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Tusiness Office, 11th St. and P ew York ffice: 110 L Chicago Office: Tower Bullding. Ofiice: 16 Regent St., London, England, Tho Evenipg Star. with the Sunday morning edition, §s delivered by carriers within the ¢ 60 cents per month: daily only, 48 per month; Bundey only, 20 cents' per . Orders iy be sent by mail or tele- phone Main 5000. Collection ia made by car- tiers at the end of cach month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia, Dally and Sunday..1yr., $8.4 Daily only Sunday on! Europe! All Other States. Daily and Sunday.1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo., 858 Daily only. yr., $1.00;1mo., 60a Sunday only $3.00} 1 mo., 256 Member of the Associated Press. The Amsociated Press is exclusively entitied the ‘yse for republication of all news dis- tehes credited to it or tot otherwise credited 0 this paper and aleo the local news pub. lshed herefo. " All rights of publication of special dispatehes bercin are also reserved. ——— The Democratic Convention. Now for the choosing of the city and naming the date for the holding of tho democratic national conven- tlon. National committeemen and mmitteewomen from all the states and territories are assembling here to- Jay in anticipation of the quadrennial iueeting of the national committes to perform this service, the first official step of the party management in the presidential campaign of 1924. For the first time in history women ero to participate in the proceedings, committeewoman having been ap- pointed from each state and territory to supplement the male membership of the committee, with an equal voice and vote in all the national commit- |. tee’s work. In this respect the demo- crats stole a march on the republicans by a lap of four years, the G. O. P. women having to await the action of the national convention befores they | can vote in the committee, although they had seats in the committee in the last meeting. Tomorrow's assembling of demo- cratic leaders will necessarily be pre- ceded and attended by much discus- eion of presidential possibilities “out of court” The occasion brings to Washington many leaders of the party not members of the committee, but recognized as having influence in the party councils. Two events of interest have already occurred, the announcement of Wil- liam J. Bryan's cholce of a candidate and the statement of Homer 8. Cum- mings, former chairman of the com- mittee, that he will throw his strength to Mr. McAdoo. Mr. Bryan, who some time ago hinted he would pick a south- ern man and a “dry,” presents A. A. Murphree of Florida, a college presi- dent. Thus far Mr. Murphree has not 1ad @ place in the democratic political ocial Register” or “Who's Who.” The bidding for the convention city promises to be lively between Chicago, New York, St. Louls and San Fran- cisco. Chicago comes down with the tidy little “bank roll” of $125,000 in cash already in hand, which probably will be tempting fodder to the al- legorical donkey. Nine More Dead at Crossings. Add nine to the score of the Sunday dead at grade crossings, six in Indi- ana and three in Maryland. The Indi- ana accident wiped out an entire family. There are no details of that . mccident In the dispatch regarding the nature of the crossing and circum- stances of the collison. In the case of the Maryland tragedy it appears that the automobile had stalled on the track. " In many cases of autotrain col- lisions of late the motor cars have Teen stalled. That is to say, their en- zines have choked on the tracks. This is due to the immediate conditions of _ the grade crossings. Many of these crossings are rough and bumpy, and in passing over them motorists have to use their brakes. In some cases the tracks are reached by slight grades, gometimes stiff ones, and the cars stall just at the crest. Ordinary precaution demands that a motorist epproaching o railroad crossing should stop his machine and make sure of safety. Many, perhaps most of them, do that. Others slow down and then proceed. Sometimes the cars stall in the shift. ing of gears. The fact is that with all the care on the part of motorists there is danger at these crossings, an increasing dan- ger as the number of cars and the number of trains increase. There is only one cure of this evil, and that is to eliminate the grade crossing. ————— Amerlcan agriculture would, indeed, be in a bad way if all its fertilizing ‘hopes of the future depended on a set- tlement of how Muscle Shoals iz to be disposed of. TUnemployment in Russ; While having no bearing on the question of whether the United States should recognize the soviet republic of Russia, certain figures just avail- able relating to unemployment in that country are of interest at this time, with the matter of soviet propaganda in this country under consideration by & subcommittee of the Senate. These figures are printed in the cur- rent issue of the Russian Review, pub- lished in this city by the Russian in- formation bureau. It is first stated ihat “the extent of unemployment in Moscow is larger than in eny other place in the soviet republic,” anq that the number of the idle there is 20 or 25 per cent of the total number in the entire country. The following para- graph presents the situation: According to the statistical data of the Moscow labor exchange, alto- cother 118,211 unemployed persons were listed on the Moscow labor ex- - change and its branches on October 1, 1923. On October 1, 1923, the num- ber of persons listed on the Moscow labor exchange was 39,521, means that the number of unemployed | has more than doubled in 1933-3 It may be that reckoning in terms of rubles worth the smallest computa- ‘le fraction of a cent has somewhat disarranged the mathematical capac- ity of those who are affiliated with the soviet republic, in action or in spirit. s‘-’-g_umm:mo percentage of ¥ / increase in the number of the Moscow unemployed has been incorrectly com- puted. The number has, as a fact, al- most exactly trebled in the course of a year. “More than doubled” may be merely a rough approximation. But whatever the cause of this sin- gular lapse of expression, the fact re- mains that a great army of unem- ployed people are registered in Mos- cow, and especially that the number is greatly incrcased over a year ago. ‘What is the cause of this three-to-onc increase in the ranks of the workless? We have heard much of the steady improvement in the domestic condi- tions of Russia. We have been told that the soviet system is working well, that it is administering the affairs of the country ably end progressively. Yet here is a trebling of unemploy- ment at the capital. The soviet takés charge of the per- sons of the populace. It directs them into assigned channels of occupation. It prescribes thelr pay. It allots their food. Tt regulates.their conduct to the last degree of supervision. It is a “‘communism” of interest. Yet it can- not give work to a greatly increasing number. Something Is wrong with the system, These are urban people who are registered on the Moscow exchange. What of the peasants in the rural sec- tions, whose grain 1§ commandeered by the government, whose work ani- mals are seized, whose funds are sub- Ject to draft? A farmer is never “un- employed,” in the sense of the city man. There are tens of millions of Russian peasants nbt borne on the ! records as out of work who would | doubtless gladly exchange places with the 118,211 urbanites registered in! Moscow in October. i The picture of Russia which this paragraph in the Review presents can- not be encouraging to those in this country who regard the soviet gov- ernment as an established success and as a model for the world. ————— Thrift. Observance of Thrift week will be- | gin Junuary 17, and even now we aro | {hearing much of the virtue and world- 1y usefulness of thrift. Between Jan-! signs,” were posted on many of the old bridges. There was a sign on the Pimmit Run bridge which warned that a load of more than threg tons should not be driven on it. It was a three- and-a-half-ton truck that broke the bridge, and, it“was e strange bit of good luck that two men were not killed. The margin of safety was not large. A three-ton load might use the bridge, but a three.and-a-half-ton load broke it. Attention has been called for several years, and is stil being called, to the need of stronger bridges. The long structure resting on tall piers, and which is called Chain bridge, was built in the '70s, and has been declared un- safe under loads that gre now using the roads. A bill has been introduced in Congress to replace this bridge with one designed for modern traffic. This bridge is @ link between the Canal road and the old Georgetown and Leesburg pike, and these roads, now automoblle highways, are a main con- nection between Washington and a large section of northern Virginia. Traffic over these roads is heavy and grows heavier year after year, and a bridge capable of bearing the traffic jshould be built across the Potomac in place of Chain bridge. Thg Pennsylvania Avenue bridge, which was “the new Pennsylvania Avenue bridge” in the early '90s, is another which has been outgrown by traflic, and people in the eastern part of the city, in the Eastern branch sec- tion of the District and in Prince Georges county, Md., are protesting that a safe bridge should be built in s stead. Many bridges over creeks and rail- read cuts in and near the District are not strong enough to bear trucks that are using the streets and road: and it is clear that these bridges must be replaced. ——————————— The Mellon tax plan has proved so popular an idea that almost every- body is willing to take a little credit lating to it. ———————————— Recent events make it clear at last | that poor old Panchd Villa was by no | uary 17 and 23 many men will be|means responsible for,all the unrest in singing the praise of thrift. To be |Mexico. thrifty is exceedingly important. Gen- | e —————— erally it is the foundation for what! That the coming campaign is going the world calls success and insurance | t0 be @ very lively one is made evi- against the trouble that is apt to|dent by the fact that one or two very ‘whieh | come to a mun when he grows old. luck. Luck is fickle and thrift is| steady. In some mysterious way luck [ secems to walk in the footsteps of thrift. Let a man be industrious and thrifty and luck, though she may not | shower gold upon him, yet she seems | %o walk with him and give him many | kindly helps. There used o be @ say-{ ing more forceful than elegant which { ran “Him who's got, gets.” The man | who trusts to luck and banks too| heavy on the fact that an astrologist | lucky star will go broke. one main way to prosperity, success | and happiness and the name of the: street is “Work and Save.” There have always been, even in “the good cld days,” people who spent more | or in “showing off” to poorer neigh- bors, but they were in debt. Debt | brings many troubles in its train. Of ] {smiles at debt, gayly goes his way { and “lets the other fellow worry,"” but | sooner or later the creditors will get | him. { Let a man work at his trade or business, lay by a reasonable part of his earnings, keep the Kitchen fire smiling and the candles in the parlor shining, feel that supper will be ready when he geta home and that the gro- cery bill and the tax bill are paid, | and he ought to be as near content as most men get. ' There will be many experts on money ‘who will talk of thrift. Some may be too zealous and lay too much stress on saving. There is middle ground between being thrifty and be- ing stingy. We need some candy and knicknacks, & moving picture, a pic- nic, a concert, a new book, a new rug, a new picture and the like. The man “who has the first dollar he ever made” is not a character to hold up for the emulation of youth. There used to be a saying at the expense of somé of our “prominent men™ of the} olden time that they would “squeeze the cagle on a nickel until it choked,” and, although men took off their hats to those ultra-thrifty men, nobody loved them. There is u line between extravagance and penuriousness that 1s well known to men of common sense. —_————————— { President Ebert is considering a | pardon for Lieut. Griffis, who was concerned in the attempt to kidnap Bergdoll. A large section of Ameri- can sentiment has already forgiven the lieutenant, and is, in fact, inclined to award him a medal. ———— i | Hollywood is permitting the sensa- tional episodes which are mere- inci- dents of its work to overshadow- the patient and sincere endeavor to give the public ‘acceptable entertainments. ———— Lenin has at least demonstrated that it is possible for a man to assert positive suthority in Russia for a number of years without being in serious danger of assassination. i ————— Once a supreme authority in Ger- man politics, Wilhelm Hohenzollern by this time 1s probably beginning to wonder just what the trouble ie all about. 01d Bridges. ‘The breakdown of the Pimmit Run bridge, @ few rods south of Chain bridge, under a loaded truck was an accident that might happen to other bridges near Washington. That bridge, like many others in our neighborhood, was built In horse-and-wagon days, when the coming of the auto truck was not foreseen. It was an iron- gicder bridge resting on masonry abut- | ments, and when built was capable of bearing any traffic then using the roads. But times and traffic have, changed. When auto trucke weighing |Joh: two, thres and four times more than a londed two-horse wagon came upon the roads danger eigns, or “limit 3 popular speakers have already been Thrift is much more important than E hisscd. The path cf oratory is not so | easy as it was when a speaker felt it necessary to study his manuscripte for points at which it would be desira- ble to wait for langhter or applaus ———— Nobedy is selling gold bricke at the present time. Bul there are other forms of investment avatiable to the public no less alluring and equally precarious. —_——— The United States government finds once told him he was born under a!itself with a number of ships on hand | (1805-1848), added to a “bear market” inevitable. —_—— A large number of young men are said to be trying to imitate young Mr. Wood, whose luck in Wall street than they could afford to spend in |has been the subject of so much com- ! “keeping up” with richer neighbors |ment. None of them @s yet has at- |gant and Ereatly inorcased the aue. tained sufficient wealth to call for a congressional investigation. ———— course, we all know the man whoi The name of the winner of the |o: 50,000 has not been disclosed, but if any gentleman walks up to cash Mr. Bok's check for this precise amount the bank employes will have their suspleions. SHOOTING STARS. * BY PHILANDER JOHNSON Serious Mirth. My sense of humor, T confees, Is something rather queer. I hope T have one, more or le: Yet I admit a fear That my hilarity should pause, From wisdom's cup to quaff. I lose seif-confidence because Of things that make me laugh. I snicker at the little boys Who siam their parents ‘round. I grin to see domestic joys Turned into wrath profound. The comic elves who win applause Are cruel in thelr chaff. There comes a trace of gloom because Of things that make me laugh. | When some one topples from e roof Or falls down id a fit, I view the incident as proof Of rare and subtle wit! Toward moral precepts and the laws I grow too lax, by half. I feel demoralized because Of things that make me laugh No Waste Involved. “When a2 man says he has thrown his hat in the ring he merely uses a figure of speech.” “'Of course,” answered Sengtor Sor- shum: “Many a political tile-tosser wouldn't be o reckless if he had to use a genuine, perfectly good hat.” Jud Tunkins says, speaking of long hours end hard work, & hunter re cently kept going ten hours a day for a week without stopping for lunch and only got one rabbit. ‘The Superstitionist. The 13th of the month I find Depressing to my frame of mind. ‘Why should foreboding concentrate For me on this especial date? Each day may show Hard Luck pre- pared ; For one who 18 so easy soared. Improvement. “A young woman used to be expect- ed to practice five hours a day on the piano."” =t “Musical taste has improved,” com- mented Miss e. “Few people now would permit that kind of & nolse to intertere with the phonograph and the radlo.” e “My o' mule,” sald Uncle Eben, “has done whut he could toward dis- armament. He has kicked both shoes off'n his hind feet." Has to Watch His Step. From the Springfield Tnioa. It {an't altobether easy for Hiram ohnson. & must disagreé with President Coolidge somehow, but he must look out not to get mixed up with La Follette in doing so. {: :ln‘bcgg "tho one_he might back ini . < IN TODAY’S SPOTLIGHT BY PAUL V. COLLINS Last week. the United States wel- comed the first Egyptian minister to this country. On Saturday, in the land of ‘the Pharaohs, there was held the first election of a free! national parliament, chosen “by the people, of the people and for the people” of Egypt, uncontrolled by any suzerainty. Thus opened a new chap- ter In the story of the most historic country fa the world. . * % ¥ % The first dynasty of civilized Egypt dates from 5000 B. C. Archeology telly of evidences of an inhabited Egypt 5,000 vears prior to that first dynasty. There are evidences of man in the valley of the Nile more than 12,000 years ago—how much longer is shadowed in mystery. Egypt's history 1s marked by the slavery of the descendants of Jacob and their exodus from bondage un def the leadership of Moses. Who has not shuddered at the tale of how the Nile turned to blood, which was taken as a warning to “let the people g0"? Does not the same Nile redden each year. just before the annual flood? Who has not wondered at the story of how the fleeing thousands in the | Sinaltic desert wers fed with manna. }In confirmation, there 15 today a simi- lar food—a dried sap of indigenous trees—which is carried by the winds of the gesert and falls like snow. Mystle romance permeates the cen- turies of Old Egypt. The tomb of King Tut-ankh-Amen tells of the | wealth and splendor that wera hers jages ‘hefore the “glory which was Rome." She was conquered by Alexander, jbut he built one of her great citfes, |and called it after his own name. She {was held as a Roman province, when Rome ruled the known world, but for a period twice as great as the Chris- tian era she was the great power of the world. * % ok % From 50 B. C* to 616 A. D. Rome bled Egypt with taxes and took her corn to feed the Roman proletariat. | for an original suggestion or two re- |In the fourth century, under Constan- tine. the christian emperor of Rome, {FEYpt was further impoverished by {the church, which compelled her labor {to build churches and monasteries. The ipoverty of the country grew worse {and worse, until in 616 she turned to Porsia for help. “Relief” came in the {form of Persian governors. who ruled jher in tyranny for nearly six cen- {turles. Then came the reign of a Kurdistan slave, Saladin, who ruled from the untains of Kurdistan to the desert of Lybia and led the Mozlem onposi- tion to the Crusader Richard the Lionhearted. Conquerors from Per- j#la and Turkey held Egypt in bond- age for five or six centurles, and she 111 u province of Turkey when, 3. Napolcon Bonaparte led his aliant’ army under the shadows of {the pyramids and (nspired the soldfery with a realization of the greatness of |their “entarprise of conauest by ap {Pealing to the past, which, he repre- sented, was looking down upon them Three years later the British and Turks drove out the French and Great Britain rewarded her ally by giving Egypt back to her control. * ok ok % Mehemit Ali, the Turkish governor igyptian ter- ! There is | Just at a time when conditions render |ritory by conquest of Nubla and part of the Sudan. His grandson and suc- cessor, Mehemit Said, gave to Ferdi- nand de Lesseps a concession and =ome help to build the Suez canal— {completed in 1869, The relgn of Ismael, successor (1863) to Khedive Sald, was extrava- jlic debt. England coveted the con- trol of the canal highway to her East |Indies, and in 1875 bought from Is- jmael nearly half of the stock of the z canal Tor $20,000,000—now worth 1 times the purchase price. That ! { BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. ! The determination of Persia to {sell @ portion of her great collec- | tlon of crown jewels {n order to raise {in ‘the western world the money needed to extend Ler railroad sye- tem, without which it is impossible to exploit the enormous latent re- sources of the country, wealth for the most part mineral—and a trans- action which 15 the main object of the Shah's presence just now in Parls, may enable Great Britain to recover through him one of her own lost crown jewels. 1t is a celebrated diamond of very large size, which mysteriously dis- appeared about the time of the ex- ecution of King Charles T, and which has engraved upon it the roval arms of England, as they were in the reign of King Henry VIIL Charles kept it by him as his most precious tallsman until the very eve of his decapltation at Whitehall, and when on the scaffold intrusted it to his faithful attendant, Herbert, who was with him until the very last, }instructing him to convey without de- | lay to his son, Charles I1, with a mes- sage of affectionate farewell and with his dying blessing. Whether it ever reached Charies 11, or if it was lost or stolen before it'reached his hands, or subsequently privately sold by him, it is impos- sible to say. But it is known to have been conveyed from Holland to Persla by the well known" ex- plorer, Travernler, and to have been so0ld by him to the then shah, since which time it has always flgured among the crown jewels of the rulers of Persia. It is'a stone of excep- tional purity, but is chiefly remark- able for its wonderful engraving of the heraldic devices of England. Great dlamonds are very rarely en- graved, os the engraving is sup- sed ‘to detract from the value o ho stone. But in this instance it {s the engraving is so perfect that it s held by experts to render tho stone still more precious. * ok %k % Tt is {8 a gem that dates back to the time of the crusades, a talisman Dresented by the chivalrous Sultan Saladin to King Richard Couer de Lion, and, like most other of these famous and historic jewels, originally hatled from thq orlent, like the Darya i-nur, or “Sea of Light,” the com- panion stone of King George's Kohi- noor, or “Mountain of Light,” which still ‘figures as the most famous and | widely known Jewel of King George's imperfal crown. The “Mountain of Light,” which welghs about 186 carats, and has for many hundreds of ears been considered throughout In. ‘h by the natives as the emblem of her sovereignty, has figured among the ¢rown jewels of Great Britain ever since it was surrendered by treaty to Queen Victoria at the time of the abdication of the King of Pun- Jaub of his_throne and of the absorp- tion of his dominlons Into the British empire in India. ¢ The Kohinoor, that is to say, the “Mountain of Light,” and the Darya i-nu, or the “Sea of Lighi both formerly belonged to the gréat mogul at Agra, and were carried off from thence bx Shah Wadir, the Peraian conquéror, to Teheran. e “Bea of flth # romtlnlzL “T‘:h since in h'llr iperial freasury eran, while its sister stone, the ‘“Mountain of 'England May Regain Jewel When Persian Shop Opens Sale purchase gave her the right to es- tablish troops along the canal for its defense. Inoreqsing finanolal difMculties led to Ismael’s suspension of payment of interest on her bonds, in 1878. A Jolnt effort of France, Germany and Austria sought to arrange her finances, but England at first refused to join them. ter, England and France formed a foln! control and thereupon deposed Ismael and placed his son Tewfik upon the throne, un- der British-French suzerainty. This aroused a spirit of Egyptian nation- allsm, followed by & revolt in 1882, 18d by Arabl Pasha. The English- French forces soon conquered and captured Arabi Pasha, and exiled him to Ceylon, and loosened Egypt's hold on the Budan, which nearly led to . war between England and France over a division of the spoils. By a treaty between England and France in 1904, France recognized the pre- dominance of Great Britain in Egypt, and withdrew from the joint control. ok ko At the outbreak of the world war, the khedive, Abbas II, plotted with Turkey, hoping to throw off the Brit- ish suzerainty, but' the British de- posed him and put on the throne as sultan Rs uncle, Prince Hussein. At the same time Britain and Egypt de- clared all claims of Turkey over ERypt severed forever, and British control was substituted. especially over Egypt's foreign reiations, and indirectly over all her policies. Sultan Hussein 4led in 1917, and was succeeded by his brother, Prince Ahmed Fouad, the present incumbent. R Throughout the European suzer- ainty there has been great and In- creasing unrest, led bv the Young Exyptian party, demanding' natfonal jindepondence. By the treaty of Lausanne the full severance from Turkey was recognized, and sGreat Britaln agreed to withdraw. leaving Egypt. at last, free, after 2,000 years of subordinance, February 21, 1922. The Eritidh agresment terms of withdrawal are as follows: 1. The British protectorate over Egypt is terminated and Eeypt \s declared to be an independent, sov- erelgn state. 2. So soon as the government of hin highness shall paes an act of indemnity, with application to wll in- habitants of Exypt., martial law, as proclaimed on November 2, 1914, shall be_withdrawn, The following matters are absolutely reserved to the diecretion of his majesty’s government. until fuch time as it may bhe possible by free discussion and friendly accom- modation on both sides to schedule between his majesty’s Rovernment. and the government of Egypt: [ cation Egypt. agreements The security of the communi- of the British empire in (b) The defense of Egypt all foreign aggression or ence, direct or indirect. (¢c) The protection of foreign in- terests in Egypt and the protection of minoritie (d) The Sudan. * x | The independence of Egypt was formally recognizad by President Harding' immediately upon Teceipt rof the officlal announcement. It Las not been possible yet for ERYPt to pass the stipulated legis- lation, as provided in paragraph two, until she eleoted her parliament, which was accomplished last Sat- urday. British troops, therefore, have not yet been withdrawn. OF will they wholly evacuate the defense of the canal, under reservation “a.” paragraph three. The new minister, 8el Foullah Tousry Pasha, who ar- rived last week. is a graduate of Oxford. He lauds the industry and fitness of the sultan, the patriotism of all political parties and the “most admirable Americans whom he has met as travelers” in his country. | against interfer- i Light,” v ! and to Dolhle and Banee’s Punjaub to Great Britain. * & % Henley's new lord has little in com- mon save his name with his elder brother, whose death without Issue has landed the former in the upper house of parliament. For, whereas the late peer descended from the same stock as Sir Timothy Eden of Mary- { land, and as the lords of Auckland, | was the soul of propriety, universally respected, a former secreatry of the Britlsh embassy at Vienna, and as a county magistrate and owner of the Watford Court estate of some 6,000 acres near Rugby, the new Ppeer, a clv;ll engineer by trade, has had a 'ather stormy c S Wife, a Woman' of the mest anerariS able temper and highly colored k to India hrough the {der which she EAST IS EAST BY FRANK H. HEDGES All during the past year the news- papers of America have printed many columns dealing with the far east. The bandit rald on the Blue express hetween Peking and Shanghat brought China into the limelight in the late spring, and tho toll of life and property that earthquake, fire and flood exacted trom Japan during the irst month of the autumn threw that empire Into high relief for the reading public of this country. And what has America gained by her increased knowledge and In- formation? In the case of Japan she has gained a new light on the people of that nation, a comprehension of thelr herolsm and a bond of sympathy for their suffering. In the case of China, unfortunately, been true. It requires a startling event, some incldent sensationally out of the ordinary, to turn the thoughts of America fn the direction of another nation. The bandit outrage in China | Wwas not, in essence, such an event. Banditry is almost an every-day or every-week, certainly ~an every month, occurrence in that republi The unusual prominence given the rald of last May was due to the| number and importance of the Americans Involved, to the location in which it took place and to the fact that several newspaper men, those who_ supply the United States with the bulk of its information on China, were directly concerned. * ¥ k ¥ Banditry is certainly one phase of the present China situation, but it is not, after all, a dominant phase. It! is to bo regretted that it has been| overemphasized in the American press. The overemphasis is relative. The disturbed political and military state of China from which banditry springs must be taken into account, but dozens of other factors must be placed beside it in forming the pic- ture of the republic of China today. Economic life has prospered and forged ahead despite the many petty wars throughout the land. Business ethics are pralseworthy. There are many Chinese leaders who are con- sclentiously striving to do wil pos. sible to bring peace and reunification to thelr country, to estublish a sound and incorruptible government. In forming a judgment, America must take all of these conditions {nto con- sideration, weigh them and useign each {ts rightful place In the whole scheme. When this is done, bandl is seen to fade into a minor detail, & detail that 1s deplorable and troutl some, but that is, after all, only u detali and therefore to be dealt with as such rather than as issue. The Versailles treaty, which gave rise to the so-called Shantung ques tion, gave China even greater pub- licity than did the bandit raid of last May, and in that case it was publicity favoroble to China. It is to be hoped that the near future will produce an- other news event that will help to re- store the proper perspective on Chi- nese affairs. the main * ® ¥ K The catastrophe that struck Japan on September 1 has resulted in greatly increasing the friendship of thie country for the island empire of the east. It has revealed the Japanese in a light that America has largely forgot since the treaty of Portsmouth. We had become accus- tomed to thinking of Japan as a mil- itaristic nation bustly engaged in up bullding a gigantic fleet and with de- signs on the wealth of other nations, orhaps on our weet coast. ‘The Washington conference partly allayed this apprehension; the earthquake scems to have completely obliterated TR In this Japan is fortunate. But once again it distorts American vis- fon. The earthquake {s only one tor in present-day Japan, and others must not be disregarded. It is quite possible that many of us will cgme to regard Japan as down and out because of the force of the blow un is_suffering. Tha would be as erroneus as was the spinion held three years ago. There seems to be no valid reason for fear- ing that Japan will ever war with America, but America must not for- get that Japan is still & strong n tion. 1we cannot look upon Japan as @ nation whose power in the com- mercial, political or military world is_ended. Public opinion is & curlousiy flut- | Now it soars to it_drops tering creatur: heights and again bottom of an abyss. is not to be obtained either from point far above actual condition: nor looking up to them from the depths of a canyon. Midway some- where ls & polat that will give a true perspective. Today when Amer- fca looks at Japan she soars to the heights; China is seen from depths. Perhaps tomorrow the case to the will be reversed, but it is to be hoped | that as public opinion of China begins to climb upward it will be arrested before the clouds are reached, and that as our views of Japan begin to decline the long drop will be interrupted before completed. COURAGE 8peech. She has very little of th repose of manner and patriclan !l';:s perturabllity which, according to playwrights and novelists, {s sup- ll;::‘la:‘l, laon;len;neh the pecreses of the o v’;’ ) e “caste of Vere de ome twenty years before the w she was arrested and placed on lrl.nl; in London on charges of threatening to murder ono of the most eminent of England’s consulting physicians. he menaced him with a revolver, undertaking to blow out his brains in the presence of his wife, forcing her way into tho latter's presence dis- Igulsed as a Red Cross nurse, smashed Wwith stones the windows of his con- spicuous mansion on _ Cavendish square and overwhelmed him with posteard miseives of the most damag- Ing and libelous character. explained to her by the court, Iher offense was such as to merit o sentence fo ten years' penal rvi- tude, But ultimately on the plea that her health had rendered her, in a measure, irresponsible, and on the presentation of her own abject apol- Dflel! and on her relatives furnishing big sureties for her good behavior she was let off with a suspended sen- tence. For some years she remained quiet. But during the great war, when there ‘was much excitement in the alr, she again got into trouble with the po- lice, embarking on a violent alterca- tion about her epeeding, assailing the authorities in general and the then Prime Minlster Lioyd Géorge, in particular, with such profanity and violent abuse that the police, whom she denounced as “damned rotters,” and whom she consigned to a very hot place, had no.alternative but to lace her under arrest and to bring Ber into’ court, where her husband, the new Lord Henley, has likewlse figured repéatedly as a bankrupt, and | on one occasion, after arrest, for ob- talning money and credit under false | retenses by passing himself off as operty. Tho criminal charges Were rty. The criminal Sventuaily | withdrawn = through ' the financlal intervention of his relatives, who settled the claims of the pro cutors. No Cause for Fright. From the Eansas City Star. ‘While the President's message did not indicate that he was totally oblivious of the imminence of 1924, it didn’t give one the idea, either, that he was very much frightened by it. No Market for Wars. From the New York Tribune, : The Balkan states have no occupa. tlon but starting wars, and just no {obody ‘wants | study 1aw. his eldest brothers | Swork, “I am the master of my fate, I am the captain of my soul.” —HENLEY. COOLIDGE, THE DIFFIDENT BOY. Calvin Coolidge was born in little Plymouth, Vt, twelve miles from « rallroad. Hlis parents were farmers. A8 a boy, he was small, sandy-haired and shy. His mother died when he was twelve years old. “When I was a little fellow, as long as I can remember,” he told a friend, in after years, “I would go in @ panie if I heard stranger voices in the house. I felt I just couldn't meet the people and shake hands with them. Moet of the visitors would sit with father and mother in the kitch- en, and the hardest thing In the world ‘was to have to o through the kitchen door and give them a greeting. I was almost ten before I realized I couldn’t go on that way. T'm all right with old friends, but every time I meet a stranger I've got to go through the old kitchen door back home, and it's not eas; He attracted little attention in the Plymouth Public School, or at Black River or St. Johnsbury academies. Few at Amherst knew “the farmer boy with the Yankee twang” who ‘worked his way through, but was graduated with highest honors. o When In Northampton, Mass., to 0 one, then, expected the slim, sandy-haired, cautious, uncom- municative young lawyer, struggling to make a living, ever to attain the distinction he now enjoys. Even his proud father thought the chip of the ol block would settie ‘right here in Plymouth!”” said a prominent North- ampton man. ‘When he Was nominatefl lieutenant governor of Massachusetts friends trembled because they knew his poor oratorical _ delivery and diffidence. ‘When he ran for governor, they ex- pected his defeat. When he defied the Boston police he was told that it would end his public career. But he did the day's work. Elected lleutenant governor, he ran ahead of his ticket. He was chosen governor, and, after killing the strike, was_ overwheimingly re-elected. A candidate fourteen times, he alwaye has been successful. Now he is Presi- dent of the United States. Next—Rockefeller Had to Huat the reverse hl!' { the Friends. the | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY PREDERIC 7. HASKIN *Q. How much of an error is made in sending out obseryatory timeT— A. Errors as large as 1-10- of & second sometimes occur, though the average error does not.exceed 5-100 of a second. S Q. How much do artificlal legs and arms welgh?—G. W. W. A. J. E. Hanger says that the lightest artificiul leg weighs about | three pounds. Such a leg cannot be applied to a large person, but to one of medium size. The lighter lex is not as durable as one would be of heavier welght. The ordinary weight is four to five pounds. An artificlal arm can be manufactured which would weigh a pound and a half. Q. When did the French occupa- tlon of the Rhine begin and when did the American troops leave?—L IL A. The French occupation of the Rhineland commenced January 11.{ 1923. Tho advance guard of the French troops eatered Essen at 4:45 o'clock of that moming. The Amer- ican troops left the Rhineland in January, 1923. The United States flug was lowered for the las time at noon, January 24. Q. Was Betsy Ross a Quaker?—| E B F. i A. Elizabeth Griscom (Betsy Ross) was a dauchter of Samuel and Re- becca (James) Griscom. She was born January 1, 1752, at Philadelphia. Pa. Her parents were Quakers. Betsy was the seventh daughter. In | consequence of her marrving an Enisconalian she was disowned by In 1777 the made the national flag. Q. How are salted peanuts pre-! pared?’—N. F. B. A. To salt peanuts cover raw pea- | nuts with cold water, bring just to the boiling point. drain and slip skins from the nuts by pressing betweén thumb and forefine Dry thor- oughly on paper. Heat oil or butter or any clear vegetable cooklng fat until it will brown a bit of bread in thirty seconds. Dip the nuts a few at a time In the ofl and auickly re- move when a faint light brown. Svread on brown paper and sprinkle lightly with fine salt. Q. Why is the Prince of Wales called Edward Windsor?—M. M. B. A. The surnams *“Windso was adopted in the roval family of Eng- land by_the proclamation of Kinx George V on July 17, 1817, whereby | all German names in the roval famil were changed. The house of Wettin thereupon became the house and fam- | 1ly of Windsor. Q. How long have people worn glasses?—E. G, A. Spectacles were {nvented dur- Ing the thirteenth century. Some au- | thorities attribute them to Alessan dro di Spina, a Fiorentine monl others to Roger Bacon. Q. When did Joseph Henry invent | the first electric bell which was rung | & few weeks ago by radio at Schenec- tady, N, Y.?—D. N. A. ! A. Joseph Henry in 1831 sent a current through a mile of fine copper wire and caused the armature to be attracted and striko o bell, thereby producing an audible signal. Q. Are modern men than prehistortic men?—; A. If anything they are more healthy. Prehistoric skeletons, as well mummies of ancient’ Egyptiane, they suffered from many of our dis- eases, less heaithy s, Q. Why does soap help t v | dirt>—D. G. RISSREE =t : contains a material that has abllity to stick very tightly to thinge. 1t oreeps over their surfaces as a film of ofl will creep over the surface Representative Upshaw of Georgia, {admittedly an extreme probibitionist, | has started once more the discussion |of whether there should be a new | |oath taken by office holders. The {legislator from the Cotton state would compel all officials to swear {to uphold and observe the prohibition The best view {amendment and the enforcement act,|Z°dueénce the only rd of the editors who| have discussed his demand agres that he is rlght. Two-thirds {more or less an insult because every |public official today takes oatn to| “uphold” the Constitutivn United States. Tn this conection, however, the Sa- vannah Press feeis “Georgia has sup- ported the national prohibition act {while Maryland, New Jersey and Ne: | York are in a class by themselves.” After all that seems to be about the crux of the entire argument. Editors insist cértain northern states along the Atlantic seaboard and nearby are wet and are defying the law. En- tertaining this belief, therefore, tRese editors argue Upshaw is assuming a | correct position and that the admin- {istration should “kick out all wet office holders” regardless of who they may be. | About one-t is roneidor e of the K ¥ As the Utica Observer Dispatch sees jit, “the purchaser and partaker of liquor Is just as much a law breaker {as the bootlegger and poison-still man- {ufacturer. How long would the coun- | try endure the custom of officials dealing in counterfeit money as privi- leged characters? Or suppose they en- gaged in treason, bribery, high crimes and misdemeanors, kept slaves and imported women for immoral pur- poses? And yet to be guilty of those crimes 1s no more a crime against tha basic law of the land than to be violators of the eighteentii amend- ment and its enabling law.” Agree- ing to a great extent with this sug- mestion, the Springfield Union also points out “congressmen and all gov- ernment officials can and should set o good example by refusing all in- vitations to dine in embassies or lega- tions In which liquor i= served.” The trouble everywhere, in opinion of the Chicago Dafly News, is that under the Volstead a at present construed, it is hard to make prohibition enforceable and the News calls attention to tho fact that there are at present some bills pending in Congress which would change this, such, for instance, as the Ndge ‘bill. The 'New Jersey senator, the News argues, “takes the position that con- stitutional prohibition is far from be- ing synonymous with Voleteadism and that the only way to obtain fairly universal respect for the former is to divorce it from the latter. 1£ Con~ gress is sincere as regards prohibi- tion it will pass the Mellon bill creating a special prohibi- tion bureau in the Treasury Depart- ment and some bill—not yet offered, strangely enough—placing the entire prohibition unit within the merit svs- tem.” To which the Chicago Tribune adds, “When, in the course ot uphold- ing the Constitution, we l“fluh the eighteenth amendment, we'll accept Mr. Upshew as the commander of the army in these parts. But we insist that the amendments be taken in their order and made to stick in their order. This thing of hopping over & number and then landing on one, which s the only sacred one, lacks the sweet reasonableness which ough to prevail in the affairs of a republic. * % ¥ ¥ This is also the opinion of the Providence Tribune, which points out Mr. Upshaw , “is so "temder toward the feelings of his own constituency that he is his old mild self in his attitude” toward two _améndme: the f | tlon the | show | A. Popular Science says that soap | the l ldgoe bill, the | | of water. When you. wash your hands, a very thin film of this wmus terial’ creeps over your hands next to the skin. It even creeps in unders nearth any particles of dirt that hape pen to be sticking to your skin. 1t Dushes these looss and the water washes them a ls}r\;re 2 legal phrase “art and . “Art and part” is a Scotch law plrase, meaning an accessory before and slter the fi A man is sald to > “art and part” of a crime when ho eontrives.the manner of the deed and pncurs with and encourages those o commit the crime, although ho does mot put his own hand to the actual execution of ir. Q. .How many people will the cathedral at Milan seat?—J. H. J. A. The largest cathedral in the world is Milan Cathedral, which has 4 séating capacity of 37,000 Q. What manager of a base team in the American Leaguo served the longest time?—E. Da A. Connis Mack is the only ma. ager in the league who has be with it since its formation in 180 He left the Milwauke club for the Philadeiphia Athletics when that club obtained its franchisc. Q. What s the heaviest railrcad rail in use?—J. L. A. Rail steel is spoken of as welkhing &0 much per yard. Tha vieet rail used in this country is in the tracks of the Lehigh Valley railroad und welghs 136 pounds per yard. Q. Is there @ radlo for the great lakes?—E. 3 A. The weather bureau says that th ake region has this service Twice each day messages are Lroa cast giving surface weather con- ditions, uerological observations wind and weather forecasts, storm warnings and fiying weather fore- casts for avlation zones. Such serv- ice now covers al!l waters about the TUnited States. Q. _Where are the federal prisons? —O0. W. 8. A. The federal prisons are locat in the following places: Atlanta, Ga Fort Leavenworth, Kaus.; McNelis land, Wash. There are naval pric at Mare Island, Calif.: Boston, M and Portsmouth, N. H. Q. How are cerized?—E. T. weather report ™ L cotton goods mers mercerizing process, ed by John Mercer of Lancashire nd” #nd patented in 1851, for treating cotton fiber or fabrics con- sists of steeping the cloth in a eols- of caustic aikall. A varlation of the caustic soda process i om- ploved to give the modern crimped or crepe effecte. Q. DId high schools originate in this country?—C. M. V. A. The high school is distinctly an Ameri institution. The Eng- lish High School of Boston, founded in 182 s the first of its kind and gradualiy. as free elementary schools were established throughout the country, the high schools followed Q. How many two penny nails are there i & pound?—T. S. A. Smooth wire two-penny nail. run almost exactly 1,000 to the pound. Q. What was the Nashville o vention?—K. R. A. The Nashville con tion convention of delegates m: southern states, held June 10, 153" | at Nashville. Tenn., to consider tr | slavery question and the encrcact ments of northern abolitlonists. (Let _the Star Information Bi- reau, Frederie J. Haskin, directo: 1220 North Capitol streef, ansv vour question. The only charge this service is 2 gents in stamps for return postage.) * T a Upshaw Stand for Dry Oath . Considered Insult by Many which are openly violated in Georgia,” and the Reading Tribune recalls “he started something before that he fal ed to finish. He intimated that drini ing was taking place not only in the residences of cabinet ofiicers but in the White House. At that time, how ever, the evidence was casily obtail able. But Mr. Upshaw quit almost hefore he had begun. And as a con- thing that came out of his talk was some ‘mewspaper’ talk. Things different The President dry man. Congressman Upshaw. he wants the scandal that is im vending, ought to make public some evidence.” It is the view of the Sioux Cl Journal that “Mr. Upshaw's urger recommendations are not without reason and they certainly do not lac in spirit. e would go after vicls tors of all kinds, reaching the lon arm of the lnw here, there and yonder for them, fi however, strength- ening thut extremity with a_prodig! ous amount of exercise in the legie lative evmnastum. And why not? Mr. Upshaw stands on solid moral ground in his demands. As things stand now prohibition does not pre hibit in a degree that is_satisfa tory The Worcester Telegramn. however, feéls that the use of ir temperate language does not aid the case of temperance, because “the a: sumption that the voice of the prohi- bitlonists is the voice of the Lora God Almighty is not the least of the amazing developments of the post-Volstead vears” Yet. the Mo- blle Register points out, “it.is quits inconsistent in Congress to pass pro- hibition Jaws and then violate them. Such _action the same as saying Congress legislates for the other fel- 1 The Waterloo Tribune feels ard coming to the time when the luw muet Le enforced or, If it cannot be enforced, we must know it. Things cannot go on as they are. 1f all. we read about Washington's welness s true—if half of it is true —the sltuation is appailing. Cer- tainly we expect enforcement at the seat f government.” -~ | Visitor Approves City Beautiful Idea To the Editor of The Star; g Will You permit a transient eitizer from Illinols to commend Pepper's plan for Washington - tiful. In strolling down Pennsyl- Vvania avenue, the hest known and most historic thoroughfare in Amer- fea, I was linpressed that parts of It look like the slum streets in Chicago. One sees dusky-hued women, greasy, dirty, togged out in. flaw- ‘boyant colors “and bedecked with oriental tinsel, beckoning men 1o come in and get their fortunes told. j1One notes the pawn shops, the chop- {guey joints, the dirty fruit stands run by men and women talking with forelgn hecent. ‘There —are the huckster shops, selling ull sorts of trinkets, second-hand clothlng and ‘furniture stores, types of loafers of inferior complex of the genus homo. Think of it! Washington planned this avenus with the Capitol at one end and_the White Hous at the other. Nearly every President hay ridden its. length in imposing gran- deur, This street has echoed with the tread of 100,000 victorious sol- djers led by great generals clad in blue and gold braid in the grand re- . the close of our late un- pleasantnes: It witnegsed the de- parture of our Youth to fight for {freadom on the battlefelds of France. |The groat and the near-great who have visited America have traversed {this avenue. .- - There are a few imposing buildings along the Avenue, but why rot line it with, bulldings that will &ive it the tome; be 2. Ahe dignity it de- gerves. Senator P i ‘epper's plan has 1 A Y S B OREE e,