Evening Star Newspaper, December 10, 1923, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Kdition WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY.....December 10, 1823| THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor ‘The Evening Star Newspaper Company Businers Oficr, 11th Kt. end Pennsylvania Ave New York Office: 110 Kast 42nd 8t Chicago OMce: Tower Bullding. Buropean Offce: 16 Regent St., London, England, The Evening Star. with the Sundey morning edition, i delivered by carrlers within the city at 60 nth: daily only. 45 unday oniy, 20 cents’ per Orgers iy be sent by mall er tele- phone Malo 5000. Collection {s made by car- Ters at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia, Daily and Sunday 40; 1 mo., 70¢ Dally only. Sunday only All Other States. { Daily and Sunday.ly Dalily only.. 1y Sunday only.. Member of the Associated Press. Associated Press ix exclusively entitied te the uwe for republication of sl news patelies credited 1o It or not otherwise credited m this paper and also the local news pub tished 'herein. ATl rights of publication of #pecial dixpatehes berein are also reserved. The District's Budget. Expectations of fair treatment of the District needs in the budget which goce to Congress today are justified by the figures which are presented in that section of the vol- ume which pertains to the National Capital. Excluding the water service and the permanent and indefinite ap- propriations, the proposed nlluunent‘ of funds for the District is $24,455,990, or $2.8 05 more than the current act. Including all items, the total is $26.879,512, 987 more than the current appropriations. Though, in pursuance ot the fundamental policy of the budget bureau in making re- trenchiments this sum is a material re- daction from the first estimates of ihe Commissioners, it is 50 allocated us to | . provide a well rounded, balanced pro- vision for meeting the District’s needs to the extent that the reduced figurc permits. The bureau of the budget has won the warm appreciation of Distrigt citizens for its wise and fair handling of the figures which were | submitted by the Commissioners, whose own painstaking preparation | of the cstimates Jaid the foundation of a satisfactory appropriation. The Commissioners, too, have earned the thankful appreciation of the District for the skill and energy with which they defended their figures and in many cases won notable success in preserving them for submission to Congress. The District’s revenues of the fis cul vear 1925 are estimated yt $17. 706,500, as compared to $17.108,500 for the current year. Including all so- called trust funds, retirement funds and relicf funds, the total receipts for 1924-5 are placed at $19,818,500. Un- der the 60-10 ratio, which is now the established proportionment of Capital maintenance, the District, it will be seen, will have abundantly sufficient means to meet the drafts if the full budget allowances are granted. Forenmost in the provisions of in- ereasc are those items which pertain 0 the public schocl system. The total amount recommended for the school system proper is $7,953,220. Of this amount $1,687,500 is for buildings and grounds, completion of the Armstrong Manual - Training, Western High, John ¥ Cooke and Thomson schools; for a site and building of a new junior high school in the northeast; for an | athletic field for the Western High | School: for a new site in the vietnity of 3d and Rittenhouse streets and for another in the nity - of 5th and Buchanan streets. These additions to the school plant, liberal as they are, do not, of course, comprise the full needs of the system, and adoption of & comprehensive plan of year-by-year | additions on a larger scale than the annual budget permits remains a ne- cessity. Thetncreasesin the various municipal departments are distributed through- out the system, for police personnel, for more firemen and material addi- tions to the fire department’s equip- ment: for additions to the charities and corrections plant: for the care of the stree for a better playground system; for better lighting: for more sewers and for the extension of the Public Library faciifties. The treatment of the District by the burcau of the budget has been marked by thoughtful consideration. At first the Commissioners' estimates were pruned to a point which seemed to menace the District with a curtail- ment of funds as against the current law, whereas every condition called for increase, due to the growth of the eity and an accumulation of arrears of needs. Tn response to the director’s summons to set forth the most urgent of the requirements the Commission- ers pointed out their particular items of primary necessity, and from this process came increases which judi- clously balanced the needs and resulted finally in a Pistrict budget which for proportion as between competing claims and llberdlity in recognition of the Capital's necessities commands the approval of the people of Wash- ington. While there arq some disappoint- ments, due to the omission of cher- ished projects, enactment of this bud- get Into an appropriation law as it stands will give the District a substan. tlal foundation for the next fiscal year, though there will remain many items that may demand consideration for ex- tra financing through the use of the accumulated District surplus on the proper basis of federal participation or possibly a federal advance or & loan on some judiclous equitable terms. ———— . Cleveland will have the G. O. P. convention. It was a sure thing that Ohio would be prominent somewhere in the proceedinge. ———— The President on Enforcemeant. / Attention has' been directed so polntedly to those passages of Presi- dent Coolidge's address to Congress that bear on fiscal and economic mat- ters that comparatively little thought has been given to his remarks on the subject of prohibition enforcement. ‘The paragraph on this point, however, is worthy of consideration. Noting that the amendment réquires the Con- gress and the President to provide adequate laws to prevent its violation, such laws” With that briof state- ment he passes on ‘to mote the pro- posed treaty with Great Britain, to suggest an increase in the coast guard to prevent smuggling, rigid regula- tion of the major sources of preduc- tion and to state the need to suppress interstate traffic. With sach action on the part of the national government, “and the co-operation which is usually rendered by municipal and state au- thoritfes,” prohibition should be made effective. “Free government,” says the Presi- dent, “has no groster menace than disrespect for authority and the con- tinual violation of law. It is the duty of a citizen not only to observe the law, but it let it be known that he is opposed to its violation.” en evidence of purpose to enforce the prohibition law as far as the ex- ecutive powers permit. There can be no dissent from his proposition that disrespect for authority and continual violation of law constitute & menace to frec government. Thers can be no dissent either from his statement that it is the duty of the citizen both to ob- serve the law and to proclaim his op- position to its violation. As long as the prohibition amend- ment stands as part of the Constitu- tion, and as long as the enforcement act stands as the law of the land, od- servance, and in the fallure of ob- servance, enforcement must be had else a most dangerous break will be made in the foundations of govern- ment in this country. A test has come. Is the law effective, or is it in- effective? Can the selfish, obstinate will of a few people nullify and set aside the supreme law that has been adopted by two-thirds of Congress and three-fourths of the legidlatures of the states? If one section or para- graph of the Constitution can be thus set aside, what guarantee is there that others cannot and will not be thus repealed by the hostility of a minority? —_———e———————— The New District Chairman. Representative Stuart F. Reed, named chairman of the House Dis- trict committee, brings to that pos! 80 important to the welfare of Wash- ington, not only an acquaintance with local matters through his membership in the ranks of the committee hereto- fore, but a direct and warm interest in the advancement of the Capital community toward its goal of mun: pal perfection. Mr. Reed is familiar with the questions that have arisen in the recent past In respect to the District. He has a wide acquaintance with the people of Washingtol He knows their aspirations for civic im- provement. He is familiar with their constituted means of expression, through voluntary organization In respect to the important and fundamental desires of the Capital, as frequently expressed by the citizens, Mr. Reed is sympathetic. He will, as chairman of the District committee, personify the committee in granting a friendly hearing to the representa- tives who present themselves befo that body. That relationship of under- standing and helpful desire will muke for a satisfactory season of legislative work, from the District's viewpoint. Tir an interview printed in The Star yesterday Mr. Reed urged concentra- tion of District demand upon the most urgent needs of the Capital. While it is perhaps too much to expect a com- munity of close upon 450,000 people to agree in all respects upon what is deemed most urgent, there should be no difficulty in furnishing the District committee with & budget of improv: menté and legisiation all of which may be regarded as of vital impor- tance, and all of which may, with dili- gence and persistence on the part of the District committee, be secured from the House and, it is hoped, from the Senate as well. Given & disposi- tion in Congress to enact the laws that Washington regards as needful for its advancement and protection, the Capital will do its part in their designation. Meanwhile the District weicomes Representative Reed to the House committee chairmanship, and looks confidently to him for helpful, sym- pathetic service. ———ae——— What scientists find in King Tut's tomb is interesting in its way, but without modern suggestion. There is no trace of mechanism thit will show how to improve a flivver or a radio set. ————— The importance of a committes whose duties relate to a great and growing city in which a nation takes pride as its Capital is belng more fully realized with each session of Congress. —————tee—————— Much attention has been attracted in London by a cartoon showing Chequers Court haunted by the ghosts of premiers. The English sense of humor remains a trifle grim. —_——— Different Standard Oil companies are charged with close co-operation. It is easier to harmonize in business than in politics. —————— The Chicago platform of 1920 may have been forgotten, but the hotel rates are stil} remembered. —_——————— Maj. Gen. Barnett's Retirement. Mej. Gen. George Barnett, having yesterday reached the age of sixty- four, has been placed on the retired list of the Marine Corps. That is the simple statement of a fact that must give pain to many, caused by the thought that a rigid law requires the suspension of official activities while all the qualifications of valuable serv- ice remain. Gen. Barnett lays down his commission, 80 to speak, after forty-seven years of active duty, near- THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, i'muun due to the 1ong préparatory ‘work of Gen. Barnett in instilling into that body the spirit of devotion to the highest standards of 'service. He gave his best to the men under him, and they gave their best t0 him and to tho country. . Retirement from active ~miljtary duty finds Gen. Barnett available for further useful service, somewhere, in some capacity. He is not the kind of man to remain idle. He is a worker, and will doubtless soon be enguged buslly in some congenial occupation of benefit to his fellow countrymen. In passing from the active ranks of the Marine Corps he carrfes the hearty, affectionate wishes not only of the members of that organization but of an army of civilian friends as well for a long period of happiness and usefulness. ————re President Coolidge a Candidate. It was inevitable trom the moment of coming into the presldency that Mr. Coolldge should be regarded as the logical candidate of his party for nomination and election in 1924. His first announcement was of his inten- tion to carry on with poll@lel of the administration of which he was & member and of the republican party of which he had become the head. Leaders of the party were quick to realize that he was the party's most valuable asset. He was speedily es- tablished in the confidence and re. spect of the country. Therefore, it is entirely appropri- ate, in every way fitting, that his receptive candidacy for the nom- ination should be officially announced, and that his supporters should be identified. The campaign—which will be waged in his behalf by others, since he, with characteristic modesty, Is to remain in the background—now has definite status, and can proceed in order. Tt would seem that it now devolves upon others who may contemplate aspiring to the nomination to ap- prise the country of the fact. Senator Johnson of Californis has done so. Senator Watson of Indiana has said that he might or might not seek the nomination. Friends of Gov. Lowden have said they expected him to enter the field, and Gov. Pinchot has been discussed in the same connection. The country is entitled to hear from the potential candidates and have them “‘located.” ‘There is no assurance that unfor- seen naturs] disasters such as Japan suffered do not await in any land. The Japancse are reminding the world that it is less important’ to build navies than to be equipped for re- building cities. The assemblage of Congrdss brings ito attention so many United States problems that Europe is justified in fearing a slight diminution of Ameri- can interest in her perplexed situa- tion. Lady Astor returns to parliament with & reduced majority. Her cam- palgn was an extraordinarily ener- getic one. “A woman’s intuition” evi- dently informed her that it had to be more than usually snappy. It has become evident that while Gov. Pinchot is willing to do his best bhe does not intend to have all prob- lems regarded as being disposed of when they are referred to him. The very practical suggestion is of- fered in connection with German re- lief that & nation, like a person, is in better shape to talk business calmly after a square meal. ‘The vigor shown by the republican insurgents promises strong fighting capacity if the G. O. P. can get its forces working together. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Tilusion. Of course, I'm glad T went to school And learned of prisms and the rule By which the sun’s refracted light Makes colors plessant to the sight. And yet, when in the twilight gleam Fantastic lands, strange as a dream, I see, where golden rivers flow 'Mongst battlements with aglow— gems I half regret the terms exact That state the scientific fact, And wish that like & savage I Believed the pictures in the sky. - One Way. “What advantage is there in quit- ting farming to.go into politics’ “I dunno what the advantage is,” replied Farmer Corntossel, “but it must be there somewhere. A lot of people give up farming for politics and mighty few give up politics to go berk to farming.” Jud Tunkins says & father is often anxious for his boy to grow up to be the kind of a man he isn't. Obscuration. An orator, to be exact, Must ramble through philology, And make it hard to find the fact In all the phraseology. — An Advice Taker. “He always looks queer and feels sick. “Naturally,” replied Miss Cayenne. “He's one of those people who are too willing to take advice. He tries to|bo wear_all the clothes and eat all the foods he sees advertiged. *‘Owin’ to & crap game,” said Uncle Eben, “de shoppin® early at our corner 1y half a century of devotion to the ' was postponed an’. only one or two of work of bullding up the Marine Corpe fo its present remarkably high plane of efficiency. It fell to his lot to be in command of that corps when the great war came. When the United States entered the war the marines were ready. They were one of the best disciplined, most eficient bodies of soldiers in the world. They were im- bued with & high sense of loyalty to their own corps. They were proud of thelr particular . insignia.. And they “went in” and performed wondeérs This great of the Ma- de participants is liable -to do any shoppin® at all." us.Johneon says te ‘s on residence ‘where he can saw wi but this doe; not necéssarlly mean he has concluded he can saw 10 wood in'the Senate, Its Short Life & Lesson. n-n.:n—onnw.“w. AR aoorn oo, lndionts (e & FepUblls be somé more than & WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE A. Lincoln Filene, Boston merchant prince and oldtime friend of Mr. Coolidge, called on him at the White House last Thursday, almost imme- diately after the President's return from tho Caplitol. He found Coolidge &s unperturbed and unconcerned as it dc&vfirln. the speech of his ca- an every-day pastime. Tho t was o cool and collect- itor that ho had “Just done the best 1 could” and indicated that he was now dy for the régular order of busin, Mr. Filene is convinced burdens of the presidency rest as tly on Calvin Coolidge us the Telatively innocuous dutles of the Massachusetts governorship did. * ok % % Just about the time President Cool- {dge- was tacing Congress, on De- cémber 6, his home town of North- ampton, Mass.,, was electing a demo- cratic mayor. Detalls of the cam- paign and Its result have flltered through to Washington. Mr. Cordes, the republican candidate, who manu- {actures toothbrushes in Northamp- ton, was the Prexident’s luncheon guest at the White House just before the opening of his campaign. North- ampton is normally republican by about 700 majority. Harding carried it in 1920 by more than that. Mr. Cordes’ clectlon was considered a certainty and the townsfolk wero urged to make it such as a demon- stration for ' Victory for the G. O. P. seemed all the more secure, because the democratic candi- date, a newcomer and young col- lege professor, named dward Woodhouge, was put up more or less as a forlorn hope. Ha won by #9 votes. Massachusetts republican leaders are still trying to figure out what it was that bewitched North- ampton on election day. % % Judge Horace M. Towner, Gover- nor of Porto Rico, will make his first visit to the United States since he took command of San Jusn some timo in January. Affairs in the fs- 1and have substantially settled down since Towner assumed control, In the teeth of the turmoil wmid which E. Mont Reily_was relleved of the governorship. ~ The former Iowa con- Kressman, who was 50 long a factor in the insular aftairs committee ot the House. has conquered the esteem and confidence of the Porto Rica One of Gov. Towner's recent hits was scored in .connection with the ap- pointment of the racing commission. Porto Rico legalizex and supervises herse racing. There were numerocus aspirants for the commission and Towner contrived to appoint five who merit universal approval. Education is the big iseuc in Porto Rlco. There is literally a craso for schools and better schooling opportunities. * % % ¥ Carl Schurz Vrooman, assistant secretary of Agriculture in the Wil- - son administration, is being groomed and boomed by his democratic friends for the United States senatorship from Illinois. The Prairie state only on rare occasions has sent democrats to the Benate, but with the Lowden- McCormick-Small - Thompson - Ludin- kilkenny in violent progress there any deserving democrat has a right to take heart of grace. Vrooman is scientifically farming 4,300 acres of land in central Illinois and Towa. Thero are few keener students of agricultural problems in the United States. He is a Harvard man. took post-graduate work at Oxford, and was on a war mission to Europe in 1917-1918 in connection with farm affairs. Trusts and raflroads are some of the side Issues in which Vrooman has specialized. He is fifty-one, * %k % Senator Arthur Capper, leader of the farm bloc, 18 going to broadcast a talk entitled “Why the Farm Bloc in Congress,” from Washington sta- tion WRC on the night of December 17. He will talk to countless tens of thousands of tarm folks. No fewer than, 140,000 sets of radio recefving apparatus are installed throughout the rural regions of the land. Inci- dentally, Capper is devoting a large portion ‘of his time in Washington thin winter to District of Columbia affairs. He wants Uncle Sam's dis- { franchised territory to have better schools and better mtreet car service. Kansas' statesman-farmer-editor bears up blushingly under Bouth Da- kota’s nomination” of him as Cool- idge’'s running-mate in 1924. Capper insists the Senate is good enough for him, and he is conceéntrating his thought und energy on re-slection, * ok ¥ % This is the geashn when distin- guished public men are pestered to prepare articles or make speeches. A New York syndicate recently com- missloved an enterprising young man to engage Secretary Mellon to pro- duce an essay on taxation. The Pittsburgher, adjudged to be the third richest man In America, sent out word he had no time to write pleces for the papers. Then the ecarnest voung worker brought up his heavy artillery. “Tell the Secretary, sald to Mr. Mellon'’s right-hand man, “that my people would pay anything up to $100 for 3,000 words." * % % % Senator Edward 1. Edwards of Now Jersey lost his way in the catacombs of the Capitol on his first day in Congress. He had heard that Amer- iea’s only free-gratis-and-for-nothing transportation line Is the subway shuttle-train that runs between the Senate office bullding and the Capitol. But Edwards thought he'd try the pedestrian route. He eventually reached his destination, but only after 2 succession- of bewildering detours. (Copyright, 1928, Brooke Family Long Esteemed By Ruling House of Britain BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. Capt. Basil Brooke of tho Royal Navy. who has just been appointed by King George to succed Wing Commander Louls Greix &s con- troller of the household of the Royal Duke and Duch of York. won the English distingulshed service order and the cross of the French Leglon of Honor, as well as & number of other distinctions, as one of the commanders | of the channel patrol during the great war, and is a grandson of the late Sir Arthur Basil Brooke and of the Honorable Lady Brooke, who, as a young girl. was one of the favorite maids of honor of Queen Victoria. The Brookes of Colebrook are an old family of Irelund, which settled In the Emerald Isle in the relgn of Queen Elizabeth, when Sir Basil Brooke served her as governor of Donegal and recelved large grants of land in County Fermanagh, where the head of the house is settied to this day, at Colebrook. _The elder brother of Capt. Basil Brooke used to be in the diplomatic service. and & cousin, Col. Ronald Brooke, . 8. 0., of the 11th Husears, has an American wife n_the person of the daughter of the late Orville Horwitz of Baltimore, formerly married to Claude sonby, whom she divorced in 1907, Cupt. Basil Brooke formerly served on board the royal yacht. both prior and subsequent to the great war, until his retircment from the navy last year, and, as such, was brought into intimate contact with the king and queen and their children, and may be sald to have further strengthened the regard in which he s held by them through his marriage with the daugh- ter of the late Capt. Cunninghame- Grahame of Ardoch and Gartmoore one of the favorite members of the household of the late King ¥Ed- ward. Indeed, Mrs. Brooke is a god- dsughter of Queen Alexandra. * % K X Queen Marguerite of Italy has just sustained a very severe loss through the death of one of the oldest of her ladies and closest friends, who had been a member of her household since her marriage, namely, Dona Torosa His_despairing relatives appealed to St. Philip Neri. who came and touched him and restored him to health. It was on the evidenoe of this miracle that St. Philip Nerl was canonized. The room where the miracle ocourred has been converted into @ chapel, hung with valuable pictures, deco- rated with costly mosalcs, the altar and the shrine containing the hones #nd relica of the saint bping richly studded with precious stones. All Rome, rich and poor, flock to the shrine on the anniversary of the miracle, and one is apt to encounter the greatest nobles of the kingdom, with “pieturesque, clad peasants from the C: and " workingmen poorer quarters of the city, mingling with one an- other on the superb grand staircase of the the stately apartments, adorned with tapestries, costly paintings and superb bronzes, leading to the private chapel of the palace. * x ¥ Alfonso is frequently de- scribed, even in well informed Eu- ropean newspapers. as “His Most Catholic Majesty.” the superlativ this cuse being unwarranted and it use probably attributable to the fact that the King of France was entitled bY the pupacy to the description of “His Most Christian Majests,’ accorded the prefix of S. M. T. Majeste Tres Chretienne). ng of Portugal was awarded by the papacy the designation of “His Most Faithful Majesty.” But the King of Spain was officially designated by holy seat as “His Catholic Majesty with the initials 5. M. C. etending for (Sa Majeste Catholique). As avery one knows, the Popes invested the rulers of England with the titls of “Defender of the Faith,” wi was bestowed on Henry the early part of his reig: ward he was responsible confiecation of all the property belonging to the church and to the religlous orders in England, and for the renunciation by Great Britain of her spiritual allegiance to the papacy. The latter neglected to withdraw the title of “Defender of the Faith.” hop- ing for better timesin England. such as recurred’ in the reign of Queen King ,Mary Tudor. That is why, to this day, the rulers of tho British Empire r taln the historie papal title of “De- fender of the Falth.” which is in- Massimo, Duch: of Rignano, by birth & member of the historic princely Roman house of Doria. She was, in her middle the majestic and stately Roman order. ‘worthy of the brush of a Titian, and wasunique in this respect, that Queen Marguerite insisted upon her continu ing to remsain a member of her house- hold even after she had been com- pelled to separate from her husband, consequent upon his inogimination in & most diggraceful public scandal ‘which entailed his universal ostracies and his disapp nce from soclety u one of its outcasts. The duchess re- malned one of the most respected and popular leaders of the great world of the Ilernél .lelllé.q and '!ler opl:&g; on the Arro Co uare was on the meeting places of both the Papal and Quirinal soclety. Her cousin, the “reigning” Prince of slmo, whose wife had an American mother, in the person of the late Princess Brancaccio, daughter of Hickson Field of New York, Is onc of the principal lay dignitaries of the papacy. The Mas- simos.are related to several of the reigning houses of Kurope, Don Fabrizzio Massimo belng married to the Royal Princess Beatrice of Bour- while the late Prince Carlo Massimo, head of lll; hou had A 'dblug‘lltel‘ oy ess of Berry. Fhie Massimos ¢laim to be tho most ancient family in Burope, tracing back their descent, in unbroken male line, to Quintius Fablus Maximus, the Roman_conqueror of the haginian neral Hannibal. When -Napoleon fiiked, with a sneer, of the reat- ndfather of the present head of s: house of simo, whether he was really descended from the cele- brated Roman géenersl, the prince re- plied: “Well, lher hl‘a been saying 80 here for the last thousand years or more.” The Massimo palace is one of the best known landmarks of the Bternal city, and is known as the Palace of the Columns, which Iatter a’of Doric design and #ix {n num- Der. It Ts the masterpiece and the 1ast work of the great architect Ball. dassare Peruzzi, and is thrown open to public omly once alyear, on the anniversary of & miragle that k place in 1883, e, a beauty of | cluded among the list of the officlal dignities and honors of the monarch and which is noted on every British coln. * ok Premier Poincare has decided that France should bde represented hence- jforth at the Vatican by an ambassa- dor who may be relfed upon to obey orders and to carry out the instruc- tions of his government without as- suming the right to modify them and to alter them 80 as to conform ‘with his own views. Charles Jonnart, the incumbent of the office for the past two years, and who contributed more than any one else to the restora- tion of diplomatic and official rela- tions between. his country and the ‘Votican, was impatient of dictation and,was convinced that he was in a far better position to determi the policies most sdvantageous France In her relation: church than any member of the Pol care administration. Jonuart.had beén governor general of Algeria, minister of foreign fairs, chairman of the forelgn tions _committeo of the senate, and in his capacity as special ambassador of France to Greece, in 1916 had removed King Constantine from the hrone ‘without any trouble and had ent him into - exil Moreover, he had been président of the Suez Canal Company and heaven only_ knows what all besides. So lhe followed rders of refused to defer thereto s he saw fit, and could not be de- pended upon to do exactly what he ‘was told. His successor, who has just been appointed, fs Emile Doulcet, who, i persora @ratissima at the Vatidan nt much time in the Eter- y as d’affaires of the French embassy during the frequent absences of M. Jonnart. A man of about sixty-thrée years of age, he was secrétary of the French embassy -at Liston in 1907, subsequently figured as _councilor of the. French embassy at Petrograd, and then minister pleni- potentiary in Christianla, and_still more ~ recently minister at Buda- Everywhere he has made He_has acquired the confl- and of his secretary the Vi iteated ovar hib ap- ne to D. ¢, MONDAY, DECEMBER 10, 1923. EAST IS EAST BY FRANK H. HEDGES ‘Warning by Japenese business men 2galnst the anti-Japanese agitation in China and their demand “that the Japan government take firm and drastic actlon toward this agitation, which {s decidedly an act of violence and outrage,” indicates that Chins 18 altenating the Influence with Japan ently opposed the policy that found expression in the “twenty-one demands.” The business men and the militarist-bureaucrats of Japan have long been at logger- heads as to Japan's policy in the Asiatic republic. Business has been Interested in winning China's friend- ship; militariem has been Interested In winning China's resources and controiling” China’s activities. The struggle between business and bureaucracy to control Japanese gov- ernmental policy is not limited to China. Business opposed, militarism upheld. the. Siberian blunder. Bust- ness finally succeeded in bringing about the withdrawal of Japanese troops from the Siberian mainland d business is now endeavoring to tablish a workable basis for the resumption of trade and commerce between Japan and the Russian ori- ent. Business believes that Japan's future lies in discarding dreams of conquest for the upbdullding of the mpire and putting into effect dreams of industrial and commercial devel- opment in order to reach this 1 The concrete foreign policies advo- cated by business in Japan take the form of liberalism; the internal pol- icies are another matter, As a con- sequeénce, busimess finde that it is not fighting Its battle alone, but has on its side the major part of the Japanese press and the liberal wing of political thought. * x % % Except Siberia, it his been with regard to China that this conflict between business and bureaucracy has most often been visible to the world at large. A study of Japan's relation with China, especially during the past ten years, brings this out yividly and dramatically. Often bu- reaucracy has won, as witness the “Twenty-One Demands,” and the oc- cupation of the former Gefman leased territory In Shantung province. Again, business has been the victor, but its victories have usually been less spectacular. for they have con- slsted of restraint behind the scenes, of ability to prevent the ennunciu- tion and. enforcement of mutocratic measures. To date, bureaucracy has controlled considerably more than half of the time when Japan dealt with China, but its control has al- ways been contested. Disregarding motives and looking at the results produced, it will be seen that in Japanese business Interests China possesses a friend. ck of harmony between Japan and China s the result of the “over- bearing attitude” of Japan toward her neighboring republic, according to Baron Keikichi 1simoto, one of the liberal leaders of Tokio. “The Jap- anese. including business men” he #ald on his return last vear from a visit to China, “must abandon thefir territorial ambitions. * ¢ Japanese business men as individuals £0 out and co-operate with Chinese Dusiness men in the development of the vast natural resources of China. If they should fall, hopeléss indeed will be the effort to promote right relations with China. If Japaneso and Chinese business men cannot work fn harmony, the logical con- clusion is that Japan and China are fated to live like cats and dogs. China may not feel any kean need for Japanese co-operation, but as for Japan—her very future is menaced if she éannot work In co-operation with China.” * kK x Baron Yoshiakl Fujimura until his appointment to the house of peers in 1918 ongaged In business in China for many years. acknowledged that the relations between Japan and China “are now greatly stralned, both politically and nationallv. On the question 6f how to Improve these strained relations I have tailked much with representative Chinese and for- elgners, and in my opinion the peoe Plés of both nations have been In the Wrong. As far as Japan fs concerned, I make no hesitation in saying that she has been fn the wrong in con- ducting her China policy. The funda- miental principle of our national pol- fey toward China must have its foun- dation on peaceful trade. On this we Japanese are united, but in the man- ner of attaining this object Japanese adminietrators have adopted the mis- taken policy of coercion and intimi~ dation, and that of blunt, ill-man- nered militariam, instead of a policy of conclliation. co-operation and mu- tual helpfuiness. One moré quotation, and this from a man who has been the instrument of the bureaucrats In enforcing their China policy, from Yukichi Obata, until last spring Japanesc minister to Peking. ' “Since have been in Poking.” he sald to me two years ago, “my gulding principle has been to bufld up friendly business relations with China.” Those who really know Mr. Obata, who know his personal beliefe and inclinations. do not doubt that this has been his personal prin- ciple, but Mr. Obata has been called upon to execute the policies formu- lated in the. forelgn ofiice in Tokio, and they seem often to have been in direct ¢ontradiction to this principle. He, more than néarly any othér one man, {8 credited by the Chinese with responsibility for the “twenty-one demands.” ok % % It fs not to be expected in these days of rapid cable and wireless com- munfcation that a diplomat always does as he thinks best, but rather that he enunciates the polley which his home government has declded upon. The point to be made is that Mr, Obata, » man on the ground and thor- oughly conversant with Sino-Japa- nese relations, believes In the gulding principle that Japan should “build up friendly business relations with China.” » It is because of this, because Japa- nese business, regardiess of its mo- tives, sceks to substitute friendly buainess dealings tor militaristic am- bitions in Japan’s China policy, that anjagonism of the business group exPressed &s a result of this years i AN aotivities In augurs §11 for thie future relations of those two nation usiness has proved the check on the schemes of the militarist buresucrats in tho past, and it would behoove China ®eo that this check continues. China stands to gain far moro by extending co-op- eration to Japanese businéss than by oftering it opposition. At present the commerdial path ms to offer ad to peace and safety pan relations, and the gitators are dynamiting the along that path. Magazines Solicited For Hospitals in D, C. To the Bdltor of The Bar:’ There are & great many pedple who are imbued with, a desire to help their fellows and are at & loss to know how to go about doing so. May 1 suggest that the sending of books and magasines to diffarent hos- pital gredtly appréciated by those who are confined therein? Any one who has Isin in bed gazing at four white walls for nn‘ length of time wliil reallse how much it wind 0] have rtel fow e e is eworthy service and one| o faw | siceration, fne ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN Q. Are Bibles being sent to Japan?— s A. The American Bible Society says that more than 500,000 volumes of the gospels printed in Japancse are being sent to Japan to supply the unusual needs caused by the recent earthquake. The printiag plant in Japan, together with the Bible plates in twenty-five languages and dialects, was destroyeu. Q. Can an inventor devise an im- provement on a patented article and patent that improvement?—J. H. F. A. We wish to correct an answer we published to the effect that this could not be done. The patent office says that it makes no diffcrence, 0 far as tho right to obtain a patent is concerned, whether the improve- ment is on what s g‘uonted or what is unpatented. In the first case, the right of the patentep to,uee his patent imprevement will depbnd upon whether its use is an iInfringement of the prior patent. In other words, & patent. does not grant to the patentes the right to make. use and #ell, but merely the right to exclude othérs from making, using or selling what {s covered bv the patent, und if the inventor of an improvement would not have the right to use his invention becauss it would infrtnge an earlier patent, he could not ac- quire the right 80 to use it by patent- ing it, but only by the expiration of the earlier patent. Q. Does the Interstate Commerce Commission give medals for eaving lives in railroad wrecks?—M. B. G. A. There {s a special act of Con- gress known as the “medals of honor act.” under which medals are con- ferred upon individuals for rescue work on raliroads. Q. Dock eoluble coffee contain all the properties of coffee as usually ground and marketed?—J. H. D. A. Such a product is usually com- pletely goluble in water, and 18 a cof- fec extract concentrated four times. Accordingly, only about one-quarter a¢ much would be required in mak- ing & cup of coffes as would be neces- sary in other brands. On this basis the usual content of caffeine and caf- fetanic acid are eald to be found, as in ordinary coffee. Q. Is it true that the leaves of the willow tree did not droop until after the crucifixion of Jesus?—J. A. The legend of the drooping of the leaves of tho willow tree, accord- ing to tradition, {s that the handle of the spear used to plerce the side of Christ was composed of the wood of the willow trec. Q. Is there in Eng mayor?—T. H. A Ethel M. Colman is the first woman to hold this office. She fs lord mayor of Norwlich. Q. Why is there now a scarcity of | canned sardines—v: W. A The sardine canners express themselves as extremely pessimistic in regard to the situation. This is the lourvgr year of scarce raw and the worst of them. The cannery storehouses are empty, and it is prob- able that many orders cannot ba nil- ed. The varieties of fish used in the induetry arc not nearly so plentiful. Q. How many American men of today are college graduates? How many of these are political leaders? —N. 0. A. The Nation's Business says that in spite of the fact that less than nd a lady lord matertal | 1 per cent of American men ure coi- 1ege graduates, this 1 per cent has furnished o6 per cent of our Pres- idents, 36 per cent of our members of Congress; 47 per cent of the Speak- ers of the House; 54 per cent of the Vico Presidents: ‘62 per cent of ths Secretarios of Stato: 50 per cent of the Secretaries of the Treasury: 67 g‘;:] ("Q‘nlpe!:.t the At(tornoya General, R cent e the Supteme Court,w 'h® Justices of Q. Ts there a specice of sea nettln in “Chesapeako bay whicih does. i sting at night>—L. § W i A. The Smithsonian Institution say that all epecies of ,u”},l,'{,}i.fin;u;\é DY night as well as by day. How . ever, thero is « marine vertebrats known as the ctenophora which fa similar to the sca nettis in appears ance and is churacterized by the abe sence of mettie cells and therefors does not ting. This particular spe. cles 18 common in Cheeupeake bay, origi of 5 Q. In the “kiss form whg the e of the eur A As a blem of fraternity, the early Christians passed from one to another the “kiss of peace” which had been given to his nearest neigl bor by the person presiding at hol communion. * The custom was | tuted by St. Paul Q. At what temperature canned fruit be kept?—W. T. A. Canned products, whether in tin or glass, should be stored in a coal, dry place not exposed to freézing temperature. ~Freezing may cause breakage in glass and will cause a deterioration “of the food pro@uct Most products packed in glass will bleach or darken if exposed to llgh:, #0 uniess the storage room is dari, slip paper bage over the cans o store in the original pasteboard corn- talners. A temperaturs of 80 or § fe not injurious canned products, but during very ho weather it {8 well to examine thm cans occasionally to be certain that’ there arc no leaks or other signe of spoilage. Q. How many raliroad ties ars manufactured in a vear? M A. Nearly 150,000,000 treated ties annually leave the creosoting plants for service on the rallroads of tha country. Q. Why does food continue to cook after it has been placed in & firoless cooker? M. A. Food cooks as long ag it Is at cooking temperature. This tempera. ture {s attalned before the food iy placed in the fireless cooker The cooker s merely a receptaclo &o constructed that thero is practically no 10es of heat. #houia K Q. Sometime Jast symmer_thers was presented to Sweden by the United States a bust of one of its kings. Wil you pleage give mo the name of this king and the date of presentation? W.0. H A. A statue of Gustav III, the first monarch to recognizo the United States as an_independent nation, was unveiled at Gothenburg, July 4, 1323, at the end of Sweden-America woek. (Have you asked Hoskin? He does not ow all the things that people ask him, but he knoiws people who do know. Try him. State your question briefly. wite plainly, and inclose 2 cents in stamps for relurn ostage. Address Frederic J. Has- in, dircctor, The Star Information BuFeau, 1220 North Capitol atrest.) Seizure of Rum-Runner Flying British Flag Widely Approved TUnqualified indorsement of the gov- ernment's action In using shotted guns to seize rum ships anywhere off the coust when it can be shown that thoy actually have been “in contact” with the shore In smuggling rum’is expressed by the majority of editors. They take the position that, after all, lawbreakers are not entitied to any consideration, and that, even though other countries may protest on tech- nicalities, they can be appeased when explanations are made. The latest discussion centers around the developments which have follow- ed the seisure of the ship Tomoks off New York harbor. The fact that she claimed a British register and was taken well outside the three-mile limit ehould furnish no ground for serious protest, it is argued, Inasmuch 28 there was no doubt she actually had been operating Inside of the three-mile limit and had unloaded a good slsed cargo which reached the American customers of thos bootles- ore. FFhe tederal_government has the record of the Tokoma," the Oukland Tribune points out. “It was an armed rum ship, in businese to defraud th United States and violate its laws. It does not seem possible that the people of Great Britain will take the cau#s of the boose smuggler so much to heart. The great majority will say that it srved him right to be caught. ‘While England differs with America on the prohibition question {t has a simllar policy iu dealing with smug- ers." B addition prosecution. a8 the Lex- ington Leader sees it, need not come under the liquor laws, because “thers are other laws of the United States under which rum smugglers can be apprehénded. They afford the govern- ment ample ground for action and there is no excuse for any foreign overnment taking offense. Mr. fughes and Mr. Mellon have acted with great deliberation and caution when a little more determination and independent course would have been amply justified and ought to have been followed. Protests have been formal. They have been without any intention, apparently, of making trouble. No one wants to make an; trouble with this country over suc The governmént ought to ip the problem firmly and refuse g be victimized by a band of adven- turers who are little pirates and smuggler ter thun the u of an earlior and ruder llm:. pperl “A feeling of exasperation scizes Americans=—¢ven those unsympathetic within- the prohibition law itself—" the Reading Tribune insists, “when ¢rew of men who would have been ornaments to Capt. Kidd's “vessels can take an American ship, change it to British registry, arm it with ma- jchine guns and threaten the forces of the United Statés. Men from theé United Btatos customs tug Lexington were attacked and beaten by the Tomo- Ka's crew befofe the Seneca took a hand. Taunts and insults wére flung at the Beneéa’s skipper, combined with threats to uve the machine guna. Hope may be expressed that ha b wm;‘l‘n turned loose his ,lllinn:iln‘:h’nu‘,'%m l‘;‘he was not, small wondér exists t‘lm‘ he forgot the ti A aw. o o of the United States has the backing of “public sentiment in Great Britain” the Piti Jole-Telegraph. inslsts, *a inclined to hold 100 strictly to teche nicalities in considering legal rights. This is not the first seizure of & rum- l’nmner uuzlllm“:ole!n made outélde df ee-tile limit. o e A Mericans wero Tight.” the ILowell Leader foels, “when, having the smuggler whers they wanted him,” they made the ecaptufe and left to superiors argument on the quel tion of exceeding authority. At any rate, the Lexington's shots have un- doubtediy ‘been heard atound s m=runnin, world."” 84 3 w . ted deserve :_u‘plcnn- and in indoreing this tentiment the | Jersey Jourral suggests “they make "8 pt.” Kidd look like a piker and it seems hardly possible that the Brit- ieh government would go out of its way to_protéct a self-confessed rum- runner.” The episode, however, " a good mrgument” In favor of th new twelve-mile treaty, the Ale town Call asserts, although it rather fesls, when that limit is made effec- tive, “the bootleggers will resort to airplanes or submarines, with the chances that they will find them- sélves circumverted éven there.” * ok ok % The Paul Dispatch points out that the Tomoka incident ‘‘suggests the posslbility of continued difficuls ties in the suppression of rum.run- ning alonz the coust which not even the proposed treaty will remove, ¥rom the Amerfcan point of View !the capture of such smugglers as far out on the high seas as neces- sary séeme to be entirely justified Search and seizure on the high seas of forelgn vessels has grave dangers and the penalties for mistakes aro sovere. Tt would be far more satls- factory all around if the co-opera- tlon with forelgn governments against lguor-running would take the form of closer and more sympa- thetic regulation of llquor ship- ments at clearance.” If it can be shown, however, “that the Tomoka was In communication with the shore &nd thus construc tively In American waters,” the Mc bile Register insists, “her personnel can be held to strict accountabill while the Asheville Times vinced “a remonstrance by Brpitain will cast that nation in unenviable rol The Charleston Pos st is co tions on the prohibition question may be, “there can be noth- ing short of disgust and indigna- tion in the mind of a right-thinking American for the deliberate viola- tions of law of which thé¢ forelgn, and eéspecially the British, rum-run- ners are gullty, and thers i & very gen- eral satisfaction at the capture of one of the principal practitioners of the miserable busine “The Séneca did a good Job,"” the Houston Chronicle saye, and, “as to thie three-mile limit by which the prey thought to protect himself, it is only an imaginary lie” Then. “as to Rum row."lthe Buffalo News points out “there would be no need for tho pending treaty if Great Britain had admitted our FIgNht to seize her re tered ships and prove a case bgai them aftérward: Experience with the rum fleet also cleared awav many nonsensical f{deas about 1imits and sea rights,” the Dispatch {s convinced. mental righta of & nation to protect ftself along ite own borders, and to use the open seas for that purpose to Whatover extent may prove necessary is getting its inevitable recognition now, thanks to the situation which theat rum-runners have create Has Headed Citizen Body Three Years To the Editor of The Star: In the interest of accuracy and fair- ness to other gentlemen, I would ask for corréction on publication Friday wtating that I had been president of the Cathedral Heights Cltizens’ As- soclation from its inception. This is erfoneous, While the thought of the necessity for it originated with me in Juné of 1800, and I was one of tho threo signers for thé call to ors ganize, T was not president excep the last threo terms. The presidents In the order of elections were as fo! lows: Mr. R. H. Goldsborough, Mr. J. N. McGfll, Mr. Albert .Read, Mr. Bamuel Herrick and mysel wish to name them all. and. say thoy all wers capeble BainTue . GRAY. ('