Evening Star Newspaper, December 7, 1923, Page 6

THE: KEVENING STAR 'With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C, FRIDAY.......December 7, 1923 THEODORE W. NOYES. e S SR The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office, 11th St. and Mnflxl'lnll Ave l\'e(v‘lh'l'urk (('glr 1I_‘lt) El;_’( fia?d St cago Office: Tower Bullding. Buropesn Office: 18 lk[(n‘é !L,lfllflul:.&hllllfl, The Evening tar, with the Sundsy morning Wdition, (s delivered by carriers within the city at 60 cents per month; dally obly, 43 eents per month; Sunday oniy, 20 cents per mopth, Orders may be sent by mail or tele- phone Main 5000. Collection is made by car- Tiers at the end of each month. Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginis, ' ily and Sunday..1yr., §5.40; 1mo., 70c aily only. 1yr., $6.00; 1 mo., 50c Bunday only. 1yr., $2.40; 1 mo,, 20c All Other States. Dally and Sunday.1yT., $10.00; 1 mo., 83¢ Dally only. ‘1yr, $7.00; 1mo., 60c Bunday- on 137, $8.00; 1m Member of the Associated Press. he Asociated Press 45 exclusively entitled ®o the ‘use for republication of ail news dis- patches credited to it or not otherwise credited 3n thls paper and sléo the local news pub- Hianed berein. Al rights of publication of gpectat dispatches herein aro alto reserved. The British Election. According to the figures from the British clection thus far received, pro- tection, adopted by the coneervative party as its policy, has been defeated. ~It is opposed by both the liberals and .the laborites. The latest returns show, out of 442 members elected, the total membership of the house of commons being 564, that the conservatives have secured 201 seats, the laborites 131, he libe 100, with 9 independents ®nd 1 nationalist. ‘This gives on par- tial roturns @ conservative member- ship of 45 per cent, which is some- «what less than the percentage dicated in the first reports totaling 2. scats. Unless the later announc “‘ments show a marked difference in trend, the conservatives, while re- maining the plurality party in com- nons, will be short of an actual ma- Jority and the house will present a de- cided prependerance of free-trade sen- ‘timent. This is not surprising. as every in- d@ication pointed to o protectionist de- Teat. The most striking feature of the returns thus far received is the prep: nce of the labor strength In th osition. It how stands as the sccond party, or the major of the two opposing for This will be a ment to the Asquith-Lloyd sunization, which hoped to ition dominance. The lib- now stand, are “gain oppe s the figures sgow distri reduced majority, 1.746. On the otl rson. secreta . is beaten. Winston feat by = laborite, by one of the surprises of the election. He was held accountable for certain war disasters and suffered ac- his L 8 cordingzly 1t the final returns do not show a grest conservative gain in the belated districts Premier Baldwin's ministry will be compelled to seels liberal sup- port. It can hardly espeet the support of the JAborites in maintaining a min- fte. The whinistry will, sendent upon the cannot, of - course. protection legisiution. Vhether it can sustain itself Tong in fsteriul n It Trouble Brewing in Mexico. D nicting news comes from Mex- feo City, telling of the beginning of a ‘revolt aguiusi the Obregon govern- _ment under Gen. Guadalupe Sanchez cupport of the presidential candi- dacy of Adolfo de lo Huerta. Obregon bas designated Gen. Calles as his cheice for the succession. s 1 Te- gented by -several ‘groups, notably the Huerta following. The revolutionary moveient indicates a_d force the iss election und perhaps to start civil war. Mexico under Obregon’s adn tion s prospered. Tt has established ations with other countrics. Indus- huve been revived. The -dam- sges of vears of revolt and turmoil have boon, in large measure. repatred. ft-would .be most lamentable now for the factional differences to-result in actual warfare I Swould set Mexs feo back seriously and precipitate in- fernutional problems of a grave na- ture. . With the doniestic politics of Mexico the American people hive na concern. 1t is of no moment to us which party wrevails or who is chosen as the head of the statei- It s, however, of consid- erable moment that Mexica should continte in the path of peace and pro- American intcrests in Mex- #co are heavy and they are nienaced by the prospect of civil war. The. bope:of the people of, this coun- try now is that this threat may pass *and ‘ fhut: orderly clections may be ‘hefd, Wwith u general acguiescence in the - vesul, - whatever it may be, whether through the choice of Calles or‘of Huerta. ———e—————— While mot a loquacious man, Presi- Jdent Coclidge fanages to’ Tover.a ‘great many toples. when hé feels called upen to speal. —————————— Distriet Tmprovements: Represeutative Ziblman of Mary- iand, a.member of the committee on the District of ‘Coluinblu, stands staunchly for a. comprehensive plan of Capital betteiment, and thinks that the, outlook’ Ih the present Congpéss for carryitigz oul such 'a pian is en- courpging. A part of the congres- elgnal district represented by Mr. Zihiman is the neighboring county of Montgomery, and as a large part of ‘Washington's * suburban population lives therc .t 18 quite natural that this member of Congress should have elmost & resident's interest as well &s an American's full interest-in the National Capital. ¢ 'The most important of all the pro- Rosals Mr. Zihlman stauds for is that the- District surplus impounded in the Treasury should be tade- available for District needs on the 50-50 basis, which, was ‘the law‘at the time the ‘taxts 6f “which this surplus is part Swérepollected. Wit that surplus used for the purposes for which the money «Editor payers, and met | ‘with an equal sum from federal funds, much of the ground lost by 'thé Dis- trict. during the war and .post-war periods in atters of municipal up- keep and extension might be regained. Mr. Zihiman ‘takes a firm stand for the extension of sewer and water facilities and street making and street paving to which taxpayers ere en- titled. He believes that the work of enlarging the water plant.should be pushed to completion without' delay. He favors, as does every one interest- ed in the matter, & high-pressire wa- ter service for the fire protection of downtown Washington, in which sec- tion, in addition to private property, are hundreds of millions of dollars" worth of government property and thousands of tons of irreplaceable rec- ords. He favors the opening of 14th street through the grounds of Waiter Reed Hospital to provide another highway from Maryland through the northern part of the city. Mr. Zihlman revives the question of alley -dwellings, and this question, though quieted for a time, will prob- ably come to the front egain. A law of 1914 directed the closing of dwell- ings in alleys not of a certain width, which did not run straight from street to street and which did not have sewer and water and gas or electric light- ing. Postponements were made in the execution of the law because of hous- ing shortage, and an ingenious con- struction of the law made it possible that nearly every alley in the city conforms to its terms. If an alley had the required width, or if it ran straight from street to street, or if it had water or sewer connection, or if it had gas or electricity it was held to be exempt from the operation of the law. Only about a hundred of the esti- mated 10,000 alley dwellers in the city came within the scope of the law as it was construed. There 13 still opposi- tion to the use of alleys as sites for dwelling houses, and sodner or later that opposition will find expression in law. Plain Speech by a Plain Man. Foremost in the comments on the President's message are references to its terseness of style, its crispness of sentence ceustruction. 1t is hailed as one of the most ‘‘readable” of Amerl- can state papers, because it presents no involutions, and its meaning is at all pofnts perfectly clear. This praise somewhat reflects upon certain of the presidential messages of the past. But suffice it to say for the present that Mr. Coolldge, whatever the poiitical reaction from his first address to Con- gress, has struck a note that mend him to the understanding of the people. Brevity 18 the keynote of tbe ad- dress. In the first paragraph, refer- ring to his lamented predecessor, he says: “He is gone. We remain.” In those five words he tells the stery of the perpetuity of American govern- ment, its independence and person- ality. Four-word, fivesword and six- word sentences are common in the ad- dress. They are important sentences, and occur at points that are mast. ef- fective in conveylng the Presldent’s thought. Here age some of them: “Wo want ne more war”; “America must be kept American’; “Our main prob- | s are domestic' problemy powers bring new responsthil These are not epigrams. They arc simply the direct statements of a con- cisely thinking man who states his case exactly. They are the kind of statements that will make the mes- sage plain to the humblest citizen. There ere no unusual words that re- quire reference to the dictionary. There is a remarkably high percentage of short words, monosyliables in large part. In one respect this message is dif- ferent from many others that have pre- ceded it. In all the sixteen printed pages of the official text, covering sev- eral columns of newspaper space, the | first person- singular pronoun, which ! heretofore has so liberally sprinkled the texts of presidential utterances, | oceurs only thirty-seven times. Though it is stamped ‘with his personality, Mr. Coolldge has not made his message notable for its capital I's. —_————— Attention is called by the Secretary of Commerce to the remarkably low salaries. paid by the government fo expert workers. Statistics in this line help to explain why the idex of gov- ernment ownership Is not more pogu- lar. ! —_——t—————— “‘Blocs” appear miore or less formida- ble at times, but when a statesman | wants to transact real political bust- | .nesé he generally finds it expedient | to take one or- the other of the regu- lar parties into his political confidence. ————————— It is .politely suggested that any nation owing the United States money should at least observe the formality of having the fact stated in'itsledgers. —————— As often happens, the thoughts in a message from. the President’proved to be what o great many people thought he would think. ———————— The Message and Radio. President Coolidge, in reading his message to Congress, was heard by a greater number. of .people than: ever before listened to such an addréss. {The radio multiplied his audience by | thousands. 1In other times. a Presi- i dent’s message would be heard by a relatively -small number .of persons crowding the hall of the House .of Representatives, but this address was heard by crowds gathered in many places in Washington, in New York, Chicago, St. Louls, Kansas City and in hundreds of cities and villages. Development of radlo and increase in the number.of broadcasting stations and receiving sets made this possible. Radio works toward -the re-estab’ lishment of the Influence of the spoken word: in public life. For generations the influence of the speech has been declining. A man with his own volce could reach so small & part of the public that the effect of his speech was limited, excepting in so far as newspapers would “broadcast” it in print. It has been sald that public interest in a public man’s speech has declined. That depends e good deal on the amount of interest felt in the public man. There is always wide interest in the President and in a candidate ! ! i { of one of the.major parties £of the of- fice of President, and & very large number of . persons - will crowd to- gether anywhere and at any time to hear such a man speak. They feel that,they can: better get the “meas- ure” of the man by -hearing and see- ing him than by reading what he sald. On the other hand, great numbers of people _feel. that they can take that measure more surely by reading what he writes or says than by listening to him. . - Probably several millions heard Mr. Coolidge by means of radio. Listehing to the speech: gave them satisfaction, end perhaps every “listener-in” told his friends about the speech and made comments on it. Evidently this mes- sage has had a direct influence on an ‘extraordinary number of people. ————————— Is the Ford Boom Collapsing? Good ground for believing that the movement to mominate Henry Ford for the presidency of the United Btates will die of inanition is found in the announcement from Detroit that the manufacturer has requested its chiet promoters to postpone in- definitely the meeting of the Allied Ford-for-President Clubs _called for December 12.. This statement was made-yesterday by Robert R. Pointer, chairman “of the committee on ar- rangements for the convention, who sald he was acting at the request of Mr. Ford, but was not at liberty to disclose his reasons for doing so. The sentiment among Mr. Ford's friends Is reported to be that this puts a quictus on further efforts in his be- half. 2 It is immaterial what actuated Mr. Ford in putting a stop to efforts to fhominate him. It is suffictent that he @ppears to abandon a political move which was foredoomed to failure for lack of substantial basis. The signal defeat suffered by the Ford boomers in South Dakota is proof enough of this statement. There was a community where Ford eentiment should have been expected to prevall, but the farmers of that state could not “‘see” Mr. Ford for the presidency. The country would prob- ably regard Mr. Ford more highly if he would come out frankly and frrev- ocably with the -statement that he will not seek the presidential nomina- tion nor take it if offered. That would put an end for the rest of the cam- paign to this futile Ford-for-President talk. The Aqueduct Bridge. Congress s asked for an appropria- tion for taking down the Aqueduct Lridge. Some of the money spent in removing it Will be returned, in a way, the government being able to find use for the stone of the piers and the thousands of tons of riprap one in building the sea wall of Ana- stia Park. The ‘ancient bridge should be re- moved. It can serve no useful pur- pose. Many persons will regret the passing of the landmark. War was made against the Aqueduct bridge because it could not carry the traffic which sought to use it, beeause. of congestion ut the M street and Canal road end of the bridge and because the bridge was not a safe one. Efforts were mdde every now and then over half a century by’ éngineers to patcH and bolster up severul of the tall piers, but the old structure never rose above suspicion. It has filled its span of life and might better pass-from the scene. All persons who have a romantic feeling for the old bridge should make a pleture of it before it goes. Any old bridge which has done the best it could for many, many years to serve the public and which has car- ried us across the river on delightful picnics and brought us back very tired and very happy deserves & tender thought as it is about to pass. ———— No member of Congress with halt an eye 2o the future would permit himself to figure conspicuousiy as an obstructionist whose activities kept a The clear directness of phrase indi- cates that Mr. Coolidge favors the simplifier as well as the amplifier. Senator Hiram Johnson may now be expected to'make a few. speeches that will make the radio fairly buzz. —————— SHOOTING STARS. - BY PRILANDER JOBNSON: Momentary Relief, They sound so easy in a speech, Tho various things we hope to do. The joys are reddily in reach’ That mortals everywhere pursue. A ‘paragraph, perhaps a page, Appears in logical array, nd all the problems which engage Our ,thoughs begin to fade away. Al The same old doubt, the same regret, Return, in spite of all they teach. Our cares-are puzziing still—and yet They sound so easy in a speech. Where the Votes Come From. “Why don’t you get up and have your say-in politics?” “There’s plenty willing- to speak cut,” replied Farmer Corntossel. “‘Just now the really influential element in public affairs is the audience.” 1 - ' Jud Tunkins says marriags is e lot- tery,:but the only kind that can keep 2 man in debt all his life fof & ticket. When Congress at last has assembled in state 2 > To guide the affairs of the nation, “What makes Mrs. Flingilt's butler 80 extremely surly?"” . “"He_haa’to be,” replicq_ Miss Cay- entie; ““There is a report:that he:is a nobleman forced to.earn his living. He has to keep his distance for fear they’ll iry «to treat him-like one of the family. 2 % “De divisiop of ‘labor,” sald Uncle ‘Eben, “ls gittin’ down too fine when a man an” & shotgnn an’ e, dog is occu- bit.” i . b2 i { i ! l i Wri;!cr.D-nwa Parallel With Ger- BY PAUL V. COLLINS The Unitdd States is about to send & great polar dxpedition from Point | Since the' discovery of America, what{ beings ¢|was there in the mere morth pole. | Barrow, the. northernmost point of Alaska, ‘across the north pole to Spitzbergen. For the first time In ths world the expedition will' travel by dirigible balloon, the great Shenan- doah, . instead of struggliug by ship and on foot through forbidding Ace and snow and treacherous water. It will be commanded by Lieut. Con mander Robert A. Bartlett, ‘who ac. companied Rear Admiral Peary when the latter reached the pole. There is .no man in America—perhaps the world—so competent and experienced| in Arctic travel as is Lieut. Com- mander Bartlett. i * ¥ % ¥ What of practical use will there be Inl another polar expedition which will justify fts great expense and possible hardship? The north pole has been reached; why hunt jt again? That question of “practical results” annoys some members of the board of commlistoners appointed by the Secretary of the Navy to work out the .detafls of the trip. “Fractical use? Why, the arousing of Spirit of adventure Is the great con- sidoragion,” ‘exclaimed Admiral Mof- fot. “What we need is the spirit of Columbus.” But the obvlous answer to that is that Christopher Columbus did bave % most practical wim in hls great adventure. Ho sought a new route to Cathay—but found a continent blocking through trafiic. So Explorer Bartlett, seeking an aiv route along a great circle. through the north pole, may find another continent, or a greaf island. hitherto unknown, for he will trav- erse a milllon square miles never beforp explored, and ocean currents and tides are speaking to ocean- ographers the most fascinating se- cret: “Here in the locked Arctics 15 a now continent. Come and enter it, and it shall belong to vour na- tion, by right of dlscovery.” What that undiscovered bourne may hold in wealth, the Indies them- selves may not equal. There are in- dicatians, in other parts of the Arc- to, that ofl may be abundant. There are miles of possible Klondikes, awaiting ¥the spirit of adventure. and of conquest. Through Bartlett's flight, all this will become oure. The uunexplored. region is nearly & thousand miles square, equivalent to 1,000,000 square miles. It Mes be- tween the pnorth pole and Alaska. Tt s not on mere guesswork that the presence of great land areus there is predicated. for deflected cur- rents and excessive tides o indicate. Now, from the gallery of the kies, man’ purposes to look down upon if all. while floating a mile or less above the surface, traveling at a speed of a rallroad train, upon & journey of 2,100 miles—equal to the distance from Washington to the Rocky mountains, * o % There is grave mportance in the decislon, not vet reached by the commission, as to whether the flight shall be continuous, so that it will accomplish the 2,100 miles fn less than three days (barring storms) or whether there should be numerous stops for scientific observations. Tt is quite practicable for the Shenandozh to descend either on land or water, provided there is unchor- age. It Is required that the great =hip should anchor to a tower, 5o as to avoid the risk of damage against the eurth. but aside from the face- tious suggestion that it might tie up to the nerth pole in safety, there has not yet been found a feasible anchor. Yet without descent, it is stated that there will be no possibflity of mak- ing observations or photographs of scfentiflc value, for at a helght of a mile thers are no contours of the surface that are practically observ- able—all has the appearance of a Tevel ‘plane. x * * ¥ ¥ When Rear Admiral Peary reached the pole, April 6, 1909, he wrote ex- ultingly in his diary: “The pole at last! The prize of three centures. I cannot bring myself to realize it. It seems all so simple and common- place.” Well, that at last he had achleved the goal of his thirty-two years of effort, and of scores of tragic fallures by others, aside from the realization Editors Analyze Arguments covering almost the entire period ‘which, after its discovery, changed the world? Nothing. To reach it was but & great adventure and mug: nificent Victory like reaching goal in ‘4 world-game of foot ball—nothing more. Not 50 Wil be the Bartlett expedi- tion, If it succeeds in making the sclentific Investigations planned for it, and especlally If. it verifies the existence of a new Greenland in that unknown region. - It will pass north of the mugnetic pole, and will bring back Invaluable data concerning that ‘mysterious center of attraction for the mariner's compas pass never points to ti graphic pois, but to a magnetic ce ter located ~on Boothia peninsul west of Hudson bay, on the land of Canada. Nof far from that magnetic pole the early explorer, Franklin, died in 1847, % ok ok F The mariner's ) compass on the Shenandoah will ‘mever point north upon the proposed flight. As the ship will speed eastward. or In fact northward, at a rate of forty to 51xty miles an hour, the direction of the compass will be constantly turn- ing toward that magnetic pole— southeastward, south and southwest- ward. Tt will therefore he an unre: Hable guide for navigating the skies, und the ship will depend upon other means of finding its locality and eourse. There will ‘be no stars, and the summer sun_ wijl be cireling all around the horizon, never setting. When the ship passes over the north there will ‘be no direction ex- >t south, no matter at which angle the Aight is taken. * k * % The Shenandoah iz not equipped with a gyroscople compass, which is én instrument indcpendent of mag netism and which once set to point to the north pole keeps ‘that direc- tlon regardiess: of any disturbing influen Tt is doubtful If such a ‘compass will be added to the equip- ment, because of Its great welght and the welght- of the dynamo re- quired to keep it in the necessary rapid revolution. There are other instruments—including a_theodolite —famillar to mariners, for getting observations—but, with perpetual daylight hiding the stars, and with @ sun running around a race track like a horge at a fair. of what use The chief dependence will mpasses on shore, at vari- ts, which will signal by wireless, ¥0 loug #s the fiying ship Is within range, and by these signals, triangulation will suffice to give the air navigators thelr bearings. * % % About the same time that Com- mander Bartlett in the Shenandoah will put,off from Alasih, flying east- ward—the first exploratjon -ever un- dertaken’ in that direction—an afr- plane expedition under Capt. Raoul Amundsen will start from : Spttz- bergen westward, or rather pole- ward—and it is not beyond possibil ity that the three airplanes of Capt. Amundsen and the great Shenandoah will meet or pass each other near the pole—the strangest meeting since the world began. These air- planes will not undertake to go on to Alaska, but hope to cruise near the pole. Upon the Amundsen e pedition the United States will represented by Lieut. Ralph E. Davison. U. S.” N, at the Invitation of the leader, Capt. Amundsen. * ko x * When Rear Admiral. Peary cHose his time for the trip, he selected April, as the season between sévere winter and the thawing summer. It ts impossible o travel in the Arctic region in summer, for ‘the slush is everywhere more than knee deep. This will not Interfere, however, with flights by either the Shenan- doah or by Amundsen’s airplanes, and it that a 4date later than Peary's. will be chosen, ~espe- cially for the Shenandoah, because the melted snow and ice will expose the land better, and landing places se- lected upon high points will be prac- ticable. ‘ (Copyright, 1923, by Paul V. Collins.) i 1 t | 1 Both For and Against Bonus With Tongress once more “on the job,” and with the soldier bonus and tax-reductions plans In a clash which promises real trouble before the situ- ation can be ironed out,” editors are caretully analyzing the old and new arguments as to which ought to pre- vail. Incidentally the ranks of the anti-botius following ¥eem to have been incressed, although thera 1s a general scceptancs of the fact that the bonus Itself will not down, and that, If it must conte, it should be independently financed so that the general tax reduction-will not be pre- vented. The wage earner Is finding ad- ditional champlons, especially among the ‘non-poltical writers, and the re- sult is a seemingly increased breadth of vision that may have considerable influence in Washington. The prevalling opinion ssems to be summed up by the Syracuse Herald, which asserts, “If American sentiment demands a national bonus, in addition to the varlous state bonuses, the fonest method of gratifying that sen- timent would be through the passage of a bill which would specifisally pro- vide the necessary revenue by the levying. of_ special taxation for the purpose.. That is the one decent way of doing:it. If the bonus is due to the wervice.men a8 & measure of delayed justice 'the American people should be .willing to pay the cost. And If this postulate is sound the revenue provisions of the bill should make clear the total of the burden and the tax: sources of the paymen From almost the entire stretch across the continent, howsver, comes the de- termined voice of the Portland (Ore.) Journal, insisting, *‘Grant the bonus and let the taxes stand. It would ke highly desirable to cut the taxes. But 271t fs to_be 4 choice between cut taxes and borius, let America do her duty ant the bonus. There are men stepping’ ground in Oregon who profited from $1,000.000 to $10,000,000 out of the war. and there are other men with ' sightless eyéballs, lost limbs, shattered nerves, Wrecked ca- reers and blighted prospects whose whole reward for their gallant part in the war was §30 a month. If there Were. no other reason, what they did and what they got are ample warrant for -the. nation to discharge its obli- gation to its fighting men.” B T ¢ So tar as the attitude of the demo- crats toward the tax question is con- cetned, ‘the Rock Island ' Argus feels some of them “‘are jealous of Becre- ‘tary Mellon,. but there are clear- thinking men in Congress—men like, Senator Glass for'example, with his experience as Secretary of the Treas- ury—who will not follow the Kings and Hulls, Mr. Mellon's plan wiil find active and important support on the demoorsatic aide in .Congress.”. If the Mellon plan is to be enacted into law, owever, . the. Baliimore Sun insists “the President must back it.up il s of He pommnnteat author! eco! Grand Rapids Press 1ike foels “naturally Mr. Mellon is not going to regret that part of the tax reduction would apply to his own fortune, as It would apply to every one else’s.’ But to make th private consideration loom up ae his motive is quite typlcal of the block of radicals who, in com- bination with certain reactionary politicians like Senator Watson aof Indiana, may yet overthrow the en- tire program of economy and tax re- ductions.” The Jthaca Journal-News is con- vinced that “if the bonus and tax re- vislon are linked together a measure will be passed which will satisfy no- body. The bonus will have to be scaled down to the disappointment of the soldiers. And the tax-reduction program will have to be scaled down to make even a small bonus possible. This may mot be statesmanship, but it is the Kind of ‘a solution that is quite impossible in the existing state of affairs in Washington.” To which the Tampa Times adds, *““The feeling that passage of the bonus bill {s in- evitable seems to have grown from lack of opposition.” The people “are overwhelmingly In favor of tax re- form," the Indianapolis News is con- vinced, and it rebukes the politicians who “would achieve the impossible by reducing taxes and granting a ‘bonus, thus - immediately pleasing everybody, regardless of the after effects. Figures, it is well known, will not lle, but—politicians will fig- ure.” According to Senator Curtls’ theory of deferred payments, the first years bonus would be only about $80,00! 000. - Subsequent yvearly payments would be larger. In the meantime taxes would be quoted as steady or with an upward tendency.” * ¥ ¥ % The Berkeley Gazette enthusias- tically commends the plan to reduce taxes on “earned incomes because it would benefit the big majority of our taxpayers” Replying to Senator Robinson's declaration that, If foroed to choose, the democrats in Congress will favor the bonus rather than re- duction, the Lynchburg News holds he “Is not especially adept as ‘= political prophet. It {s not at all probable that the majority sentiment of the country will seriously enter- tain his suggestion that tax reduc- tion and a bonus grant may both be afforded by the new Congress. For in this he is proceeding upon an fdea involving a bond issue of four or five billions of dollars for bonus purpose, an expedient which will add crush- ingly to the present heavy burden of bonded obligation under which the noerrlo of America are already stag- ng and supply another source of lemand upon the public revenues, whioh, in turn, can only be supported by, Xubllu taxation.” “An appreclable reduction of taxes {e serlously needed,” the Omaha ‘World-Herald insists. If this time the plain people are to be permitted to share of thg benefit it will be something new.™ So far as the bonus is concerned, it is not w question of impossibilities, but of method. There are various ways of paying a bonus at the dispos: of Congress, if it SR R Pary taxpayers. .. wl they are eatitl ha I man Course in 1871. To the Editor of The Star: 1t seems’ incredible that sane human should excoriate France for insisting that Germany should make g00d her reparations. The student of - | History can scarcely héld such a view. To threaten France with the necedéity| of at once puying her debt to Great Britain and_to. the United States. pn- fess she agrees to-relax her hold on the Ruhr savors not so much of & ‘Christian forgiveriess as of a desire ! to Tesuscitate international commer | | ! tomac However laudable . that economic point of view may be in itself, no.one possessed of the facts of the German | occupation of France fifty years ago should for a moment use it as an argument, . France, ‘defeated In 1871, was re- quired to pay an indemnity of one billlon dbllars, although the war had been fought on’French territory and Prussia had expatfenced no devasta- tion whatever, not so much as the shaking of a beehiye. To be sure that the ldst sou ehould be callected, Ger- many occupled as ‘a guatantes nine- teen departments of France, a terri- tory as grveat in extent as the state of Pennsylvania. This territory was evacuated sutomatically in proportion | tist, to the payments made, the last mil lton being pafd off in September, 1873. If there is any cogency in contrast, note the faet that France, after the world war, demanded no indemnity. She merely asked for veparations for the most ruthless, vandal-like devis- tation that one supposedly civilized nation ever‘infiicted on-another. Her colo: ! blunder was in not requiring substantial guarantees from a foe seemingly lacking in the principles of honor. “The Jeft bank of the Rhine, etipulated in the treaty of Versailles as guarantee, vielded nio real return, s the allles were wot permitted to take a stick of wood without puy- ment every obligation, and when France had before her the herculean task of reconstructing her own homes, cities and agricultural districts, then France and Belgium decided to take the prob- lem of reparations into their own hands, Note another pungent contrast: The German government has used ! its funds, not to pay its just debts, but to bolster up the Inhabitants of.the Ruhr to embarrass the French sol- diery in every way. Fifty years ago President Thiers of the French repub- lic not only paid off the debt with farvelous rapidity, but required the i French officials to show every cour- tesy to the occupying forces of Ger- many, golng so far as to compel the prefects and esubpréfects to call.on the German commander on the occa- sion of the kalser's birthday and: to leave their cards. This day was cele- brated with a pomp and obtrusive pageantry that must have been gall- ing to the French officials. Thiers was resolved that the blatant aud boastful conquerors should have no ground of complaint against the in- Rabitants of the stricken country. Any student of history familiar with the circumstances of the coronation of the King of Prussia =s Kaiser of Germany, in the chamber of mirvors in the grand palace of Versailles with every display of haughty and boastful triumph, though -accon panied by effusi Eiving o tlis were hourly breaking, marvel, not only at the moderation of Thiers fifty years ago, but at the re- straint of the F' efforts to induce Germany her word. It may add interest to the present situation to remember, that von Moltke, in discussing thé treatment to be accorded France in 1871, frank- 1y objected to any act “of untimely generosity which might lead them to forget their defeat.” Whatever views we may hold as to'the duty of for- giveneks, It is generally held that the offendér should come with fuil con- cession of wrongdojng.and ask pare don. This state of affairs seems some- what distant today in the spirit of Germany. Let us not weaken the hands of our allies whose chivalric blood #o iately mingled with that of our own heroic sons. JASPER BOCOCK. to keep Appreciates New Park. Praise Given to Mr. Glover for Magnificent Gift. *| To the Editor of The Star: The gift to the District by our pub- He-spirited cltizen. €. C. Glover of Foundry Branch valley as a public park should be hailed with delight by every one interested in the develop- ment of Greater Washington. This long strip of land, comprising | some saventy-seven acres, is not only an Heal site for a park, but the focal- ity 18 also of national and historical interest. Here, a few yards north of the rail- road bridge which spans Foundry branch, once stood the old stone can- non foundry in which were made the guns with® wlyich Commodore Perry fought and wbn the battle of Lake Erle (war of 1512), and which were hauled there by ox teams. The can- non used in the Mexican war (1546) were algo made here. Immediately overlooking the streamt and the old foundry, on the eminence to the westward, was Spring Hill, the country home of the proprietor, Henry Foxall. Foxgll was a frame building of the bunfalow type, with a brick annex, but long since removed from the landscape in thé progress of neigh-|and St. borhood development. A large porch or veranda extended along the front of the building, from which a mag-" nificent view was afforded of the Po- river. Masons Island (now Analostan), the home of the historic Virginia family of that name, and the Maryland and Virginia hills in the distance. Mr. Foxall was a public-spirited patriot, possessing ample means, and entertalned many distinguished men of the period, having as_frequent When Germany crawfished on | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN Q.° In addressing letters to mem- bers of the Supreme Court what form of salutation should be used?—F. W. A. In the case of Chief Justice Taft, the form should be "My dear Mr. Chiet. Justice,” and In the case of the other judges, “Sty deur Mr. Assoclate Justice. Q. How long ‘would it take a man to count 1,000,000 in $1 bills?—G. M. . A. The time it would take a man to count 1,000,000 bills: would depend on the rapldity of the count. Those familiar with handling money can count 20,000 bills a day, whereas some experts in this line hiave count- ed 40,000 in one day. At such rates it would take from ty-five to fitty days. E Q Q. Tn what battle was the artillery fire the heaviest’—H. A. C. A. In the battle of St. Mihlel, the artillery fired more than 1,000,000 shells in four hours. This is the most fntense concentration of artillery fire in history. Q. What was the name and na- tionallty of the man who discovered the Heaviside layer’—C. E. G. A. The Heavislde layer, that fs, the layer of ironized air In the upper atmosphere, was first described by Arthur W, Heaviside, a British sclen- who was experimenting with Sir William Preece in 1892 with paralle] telegraph lines. Q. Are thero any ruins to substan- tiate.the story of the Hanging Gar- dens of Babylon?—C. A. A. All that is known of-these ‘won- derful gardens s what ‘is stated in « few sentences by ancient writers :hr:nHlng largely with tradition, Q. What can be put on windows that will keep oft the frost?—L: W. A. In‘z number of experiments fn re moving Ice or congelation of wate from window pa were used. In shops where there are “box windows” the co; most upparent, and 1o “Te WS 4 compardiive- ows were not The e some wh 1 dry hea materially ca su o) hurfc acid; glyeering chloric acid acid;- 9, bo nitrfc deid; 1 fuslon of nut, ferrous sulphate. flame of an alcol T aqua regh , benzine; 8, ¢ acid; 10, alcohol; 11, cobalt nitrate; 13. in- und 14, tineture of ammonia; 4, hydro- 1 warrant be issued of a private dwellfng | N. G. national prohibition act? cannot be done unles: T 3 dwelling is being s nch today in their | This residence of M. { less it is used in part for some busi- ness purpose such as a store, shop. saloon, restaurant, hotel or boarding housa, Q. v phrase M. EJ A. This is t “Asleep in Christ is the meaning ‘Obdarmivit im the Chrlsto™?- 14 Q. Who first used the expression, “base baMl fan"?—H. ) E 4 A. In the eighties, Ah, the v: Browns, & a greatest fanatic in b had ever seen. Newspaper men be- gan to call thes enthusiastic “fan- atics,” and within a short time called them merely “fans.” Chris Von der the St.- Louis les Haas the e ball that he BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. Prentier Mussolini, whose features and mannerisms are so distinctly Napoleonic, hus now taken another Yeaf out of the book of the first emperor of 'the French. The Jlatter quickly after attaining power in Paris, the impression caused upon people by handsome uniforms and by abundance of gold lace. The troops of the convention were mag- nificent fighters, but were virtually in tatters and rags, as is apparent from the cotemporary pictures of the regiments which Napoleon led across the Alps. He quickly reme- died this and reandered the army. popular among the people and proud of itself by the splendor and pic- turesqueness of- its garb -and equip- ment. Mussolini has a similar eye to sartorial aavantages. Lver since the _mccession of. the present king, Victor Emanuel 1II, twenty-thred years ago, the domingnt note at court has been simplicity, in keeping with the character of the monarch and his consort. Gold lace uniforms were superseded at all court and official functions by ordinary evening dress, in_the case of civillans. Mussolini has changed all this. He has issued perempiory directions that cabinet ministers and under- secretaries of state must appear at court and official functions in the former uniforms of their ranik. richl adorned with gold lace; uniforn which cost a minimum of $00, which is a large sum in Italy, es- peclally with the Italian rates of official stipends. For those who are neither cabinet ministers nor vet un- der . secretaries, that is, the -other high offictals, who are, mearly all of them, knights of one grade or another 6f the Order of St. Maurice Lazarus. they are directed to wear the uniform formerly pre- scribed to the knights, which con- sists.of a dress coat of dark green, more or less richly embroidered with silver lace, according to rank in the order, Indeed, from now on, the en- tertainments 'at the court of the Quirinal whl be a riot of color and of gold and silver lace, instead —of, as formerly, darkened by the plain black evening dress coat of the men, lightened up here and there by the ribbons and Insignia of the various realized, guests Thomas' Jefferson, the revolu- tionary patriot and third President of the United States; Robert Morris, patriot, fnancler and philanthropist who financed the war of 1812; Francis Scott Key, patriot_and author of t immortal ' “Star Spangled Bannei John Quincy Adams, sixth President of the United States, always closely identified In District of Columbia af- fairs; Gouverneur Morrls, and many other notables. Mr. Foxall and Robert Morris, who were partners in & foundry in Phila. delphia, removed their business to the District of Columbia in 1799, lo- cating it on & stream which emptied into the Potomac nearly opposite the ‘fhree Sisters (little islets in . the river above the Georgetown bridge), naming_the stream Koundry branch, after their business. At the beginning of the war of 1812, Foxall turned his foundry into & gun shop, and many of the guns Sora Rof the “most improved stvies, Foxall himself superintending their manufacture. The British, upon entering the citvi of Washington and destroying the ublic buildings and other property, Jecldea upon . demolishing ' Foxall's foundry, & detall of soldiers having been designated for the. purpose; but a terrific rain and wind storm oc- curring at the time interfered with the plan, In thelr hasty retreat. Foxall took an active part in the civic affairs of Georgetown,. being mayor of the town at one time. T have pictures of the old foundry, gun shop and Spring Hill residence, made from photographs taken some thirty-five yeass agp: Since then, all of the old buildings haye disappeared from the landscape in the ess of ‘material development of the section. Congress should promptly accept the munificent gift of Mr. Glover, If ional action-is deemed neces- sary; and it -is ‘suggested that ‘the new park be named either Foxall, in honor of the patriotic gun founder and-.eminent citizen, -or-Glover,- for, the- public-spirited demer. <~ -' GEO. BIMMON! | shy orders and decorations. i Mussolini- started out with the black shirts of the fascisti as the aeme of simplicity. But he has found that simplicity of the Jeffersonian order does mot appeal to the Laiin races and that they want something more pleasing to the eve. That ls even fthe fascistl black shirts are now beginning to show all sorts of embellishments in_the form of eguillettes, gold laco and other in- signia, wh the character of the peopls whom he was called upon to govern. - * ok Kk ¥ ; remediey | T are given in the order of their effi-|popul bol lamp; 2, | are classified a | i used for the unlaw- | day. ¢ okt terrible ful sale of intoxicating liquor, or un- | the i { | | | | { | in ich all goes to sifow that({thrice representing Oxford Mussolini, ltke Napoleon. understood | uets, as Q. T Gen. Pershing the only. Army &f‘hlcheqr Lw[v).\n rnz. skipped any filcs ut the - s A. The War Department says that Several other Army officerg have ad- vanced more then ohe flle at a time. How is the word pronounced s the password of the Forty —M. E. 0. A. “Open sesame” were the magic words. Sesame s ced 1 three syllables, sen-a-me o nced " Q. Was the Duke of Wellington greated 4 duke or was ho born to%ihe A. The title “Duke of Wellington™ was one granted by the Lritien gov- ernment to Arthur Wellesley, who was born in Ireland, 1765, The duke was one of the greatest of DBrifish soldiers, first becoming noted in An- dian sérvice, later in the Peninsu war. He achieved his greatest famo in the campaign against Napoleon, He was created Duko of Wellington &fter the victory of Viftoria and received then & grant of 400,000 pounds. After the battle of Waterloo he received another grant of 200,000 pounds and the titla Prince of Waterloo. Ho also received large estates in Holland and an_order of decoration from Louis XVII of France. The title did not carry a landed estate Q. Of ‘the three clarinets C, B fl and A, which Is regarded as the ri est in tone?—R. B. R. A. Léngrac says the B flat has the finest tone. 1t is almost universally adopted by the great virtuosi, who are able, by force of skill, to execute upon this one instrument whatever is written for the others, with the ex- | ception of the lowest note of the A clarinet, which remuins beyond reus Q. How.is the name Roosevelt pro- nounced? 5. ‘A. ‘Assistant Secrefary of the Navy Roosevelt says that his name is pro- tounced rose-e-velt, the first syl- fourteen methods | labie with a long o. Indians are there in A. People classed as Indian_ total in the 1920 census of Alaska. per cent of the eMtire Persons of mixed’ blood ccording to the non- white Q. Why 1s Ib. tho abbreviatien for pound?—J. O. A. The abbreviation “Ib” is de- rived from the Latin word lbra, which designates a certain measure. Q. What was “Black Thursday"? A. ¥Black Thursday” was the neme given to February 6, 1851, in the colony of Victoria, Australia. On that bush fire in annale of the colony occurred. Q. What is the estimated worth of the Rothschilds?—G. H. M. A. At the time of Nathan Roth- schild’s death in 1916, the family hold- ings were estimated ut $2,000,000,600. (The Star's Information Bureau will answer your question. This of- fer applies strictly to information. The bureau cunnot give edvice on legal, medical and financlal matters It does not attempt to eetile domestic troubles, nor to undertake crhaustive research on any subj Write your question plainly and briefly. Inclose z nts in stamps for return postaye and send your query to the Star In- formation Bureau, Frederic J. Has ktn, director, 1220 North Capitol street.) Gold Lace in Plenty Appear At All Italian Court Functions was the high eleriff. and which, ac- eording to his own account, and largely through his own endecavors, urpassed every other shirc in the United Kingdom in standing and in prestige. Though he endeavors to et himself before the public in the best light poesible, he does not alto- gother succeed, and he suggests, by his coarseness’ and his boorishness, a sort of cross between Tom- Jones and Squire Western, * % F x Then .thers was Sir John Guilse, who dfed in the reign of King Wi Jam III, and the following epltaph may still be found engraved on his tomb in the parish church at Elmore: Here lles Sir John Guise. Nobody lau Nobody crie: Where he has gone, And how he fares. Nobody knows And nobody cares. The present Sir Anselm Guise, whose baronetcy was created toward the close of the elghteenth century, is the son of the late Sir Willlam Guise, who was one of the most honored and respected figures of the county. The present baronet was educaied at Eton, served throughout the war as a captain of the Glouces- tershire Reglment, is about thirty- five years old and has, until now. devoted himself to the management of his ancestral estates, embracing several thousand acres. It may be recalled that. some years ago_he was engaged to be married to Bridget, daughter of the late Charles T. Der- rick and of the Countess de Bury, but the match did not materialize. - * % ¥ % 5 Lord Loreburn, whose death has fust taken place, will bo remembered here as the first lord high chancellor of England to visit America during his term of office, also a& the first occupant of the istoric woolsack to wed while holding the highest lay office of the realm, and, above all, as the chief representative of British Interests in the Venesuelan arbitration conference, in Paris, which brought to & friendly con- clusion & quarrel which at one mo- ment threatened to develop into a war between the United States and the mother country. Lord Loreburn, who leaves no heir to inherit his earldom, comes from an old Scottigh family, the Reids of Mousswald, und. while at Oxford, distingulshed 'him- self not only as a scholar but also as an athlete, figuring for three years in the varsity cricket eleven,” gnd racq- the champlon of bis alma mater. At a considerably later pe- riod of his life—he was well over fifty—he playeq for the natlonal amateur championship of tennie and in Sir Angelm Guise, whose impending{ was - only beaten in the last game marriage to Margarct, Mrs. J. H. Grant of Househill, Nairn, has just been announced, is the head of one of the oldest families of the county of Gloucester, where his fam- ily has been settled at Elmore Court ever since the vear 1202, when Nich- olas de Guyse married a niece of John de Burgh, Earl of Kent, and received with her, by way of dowry, the lordship of the manor of El- more, the -present mansion, built in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, over- looking_ th of the Severn. show many notably that e of E i, Yiret wife, Klizabeth, daughter of Sir-Lawrenca Washington. = . P rnis Sir Christopher was, by all accounts, the -mostimportant scion of the house. at any rate-in his own estimation. For he has left a most extraordinarily long-drawn-out auto- blography, in which he begins, not svith the creation, but, as. in the case of Knickerbocker’s *History of New Sork," with the division of the world into fodr parts. Then he goes on to the division of Burope and, in dus equence, to the divisfon of England, and in thig way he reaches the interesting of county of Tumtnr. of which he pat, to his pos daughter of|by his old friend of student davs, Lord Grev of Falloden. his colleagur in the first Asquith. cabinet. L He possessed o’ keen sense of humor, a complete absence of geif- advertisement, with a kindly, genial manner, wholly devold of affectation, his temper being, nevertheless, ex- tremely hot at times. In fact, in the early days of the home rule con- troversy he suffered a good deal of o most picturesque portion | baiting at the hands of the conserva- The Guise family can | tives in the house of commons. alliances, [ conquered them, however, by a touch Sir Christopher j of Imore Court, who married, | One afternoon, He nature which appealed to them. in the course of a most important epeech, while pulling a bundle of notes and memorandums from his pocket, while addressing the house, there rolled to the ground, right {nto the middle of the floor, a very much worn briarwood pipe— his inveterate companion and solsge. Stopping short in the middle of his speech, he bent down to pick it up with such an appearance of anxiety and concern lest it should have sus- tained any injury that the entire house commenced to_ch e{ him up- roariously _and- _symp: ically as he restored lt&'élh an affectionats o