Evening Star Newspaper, October 5, 1923, Page 6

"THE EVENING STAR, ., With Sunday Moroing Edtion, . .October 5, 1923 Editor Star, with, the Sunday merning Ivered by carriers within the city 45 cents pel " "Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Vi > Daily and Sunday..1y’ Dail; y. y only “Bunday oniy. . All Other States. _Daily and Sunday.1yr., $10.00; 1 mo., $5¢ [ Daily only.. $1.00; 1 o., 60¢ ‘Sunday only $3.00; 1 mo., 23¢ Member of the Assoclated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively eatitl o the use for republication of all mews dls- tches credited to it or not otherwise credit in this pdper and also the local pub- lished hereln AUl rights of pullieatiia of wpecial dispatches herein are also reserved. e —— David Lloyd George. For the first time in his life Dav <Lloyd Georgeé, former premier of Eng- “land, places foot today. upoh American soil. He has come on what ls virtual- ly a voyage of discovery. Long de- - .sirous of visiting the United States, he /has been prevented by the pressure of “quties. For a good many years he has been a very busy man. Ever since he i- went Into politics in’ England he has Yeen a hard worker. When he rose to ‘the position of chancellor of the ex- {chequer in the Asquith ministry he traveled somewhat on the continent, but had no time for an American tour. Later as_prime ministcr during ‘the war there was, of course, N0 Opportu- nity to come westward. Since his re- tirement from the government leader- ship hie has been resting and planning “‘his affairs to make; this tour. He was to have come here for the arms limita- tion conference, but was prevented by Tis official duties. Now he is here, Mr. Lloyd George Wwill prove undoubtedly a keen' ob- server. There will be much to interest im intensely.” He will see the great American industrial machine at work. He will visit some of the larger cities, and will, of course, come to Washing- ton. Everywhere he will be accorded high honors. He is™not only former premier of England, but he is one of the most interesting men in-the public eve today. To David Lloyd George is accredited the concentration. of British strength in the war {o the point of preventing German victory. His istry saved the situation. He labored without flagging, without sparing him- self, with infinite zeal and-tact and skill, to consolidate all British factors of offense and defense. Tle had a tre- mendous problem to solve. The result is proof of ifs solution, ‘To him as much as to any other man is due the victory of 1918. / The American people will be glad to seo Mr: Lloyd George. He has the epirit that is the very quality of Amer- ica. Tn his political carger he has made many enemies. He has heen his actions and policiés.” But ke re- mains today . easily the most impres- sive figure in Europe, although for the present he is out of office and power. School Children’s Carfare. The Federation of Citizens’' Asso- “elations petitions. Public Utllities Commission to declare a halfrate street car fare for children going to and from public schools, Some of the facts presented’ cannot well be chal- lenged, but sorhe of the inferences drawn from those facts will be mat- .ters of argument. ‘The federation de- _serves commendation by the public for its zeal in seeking benefits for the people of the District and for -its watchfulness that public service cor- porations - shall serve the. public to the extent of their capacity. This proposal for half fare for “school children will be given full con- sideration. The federation says: “Over 60,000 children are now in attendance on the regular sessionis of the public schools,.and a considerable number of these ~are compelled by living long distances from fhe schools they at- tend to ride daily to and from- the schools.” It says that the _traction companies need more passengers, and that the increased patronage by school children at half fare would probably net diminish but might increase the revenue of the companfes. That is a question that Will be debated, but the federation says. that if the half fave should result in decreasing the’ com- panies’ income to & point where they could not'longer adequately servé-the, miiblic: the:commission tould 8o adjust the fare to the general publfc'that it ‘would be Feasonable alike to the com- panies and their patrons. - When' asked_ to: discuss his resigna- tion, Ambassador’. Harvey intimated that it is not proper for & diplomatic afficial to comment for print on mat- ters congerning ‘which e had no pre- vious information. . | ———— et Germany. finds that she is broke as & penalty for her misdeeds, and that she is to be further penalized for being broke. TEEE Al ia’s Big Event. The laying of the cormer stbne of the Georgé Washington Masonic Na- tional Memorial at Alexandria Novem- “ber 1 is. to be an ‘event marking an-’ other step in the erection of great Masonic structures of the world and_drawing together a. host of Ma- “Sgns from all ‘our states. ‘This as- sembly will probably be the ‘world's greatest. gathering of blue.lodge Ma- sons. Fifty thousand members of the Masonic fraternity, it is expected, will attend the ' ceremony. - The - George Washington . National Memorial Asso- clagion, Which has carried thi) edifice o its present stage of construction, 1s Keeping on -with its work in good apirit, and soen thé walls of the build- “ing on the beights west of the old, itinits of Alexandrie, and on one of the lofty hiils in the énvirons of the:Capi- tal wifl stand against the skyline southwest of Washirigton. - On clear days & tan be seen from this city. coalition min-{ ruth- | lessly criticized and scored for some of | and especially so when one considers that Alexandria ts not-# large city, When & few Alexandrians began to talk of metting up on Suters Hill, or | Shooters Hill, a building to cost con- | siderably more-than & million dollas' there was much skepticiem. When the 1dea” was “broathed & miton dollar: | was a/bigger sum than it 1y néw, and Alexandria was not as large and,pro- ‘gressive asg it has become since hie be- ginnifg 6f the world ‘war. - " - Alexandria holds ‘the -memory of Géorge Washington ' in “profound: gard. Though he lived several milés farther down the river, Alexandria was his home town, and-Alexandita hias'al- ways accounted him a8 one of its Cit zens. The Alexandria Lodge of Masoni was Washington’s lodge, though the Fredericksburg lodge has affectionate claims upon him. He attended Christ Church at Alexandria, though he also attended the . chufch at Pohick and was a member of the “old Polick Church before the building.of .Christ Church. 3 The associatichs of Alexandria with George Washington are numerous, and the people of that famoys old Vir- glnia city, which for more than half e century was a city of the District Columbia, keep fresh the remembrarice of - these -associations. ~ Millions - of Americans will read and ‘ think' of Alexangdria when the news of the cor- ner atone laying goes out to- every newspaper in the ‘country. "A large part of the people of Washington ¢ity will join the people of Alexandria in ‘celebrating the event. : . The Best American Horse. Falr’ play is dear to the hearts of the American people. Anything that seems to smw:% of favoritism in the world of sport is condemned. The Jockey Club committee whose duty it 1s to select the American hofse tq.race England's great Papyrus in the inter- national race Oetober 20 will do well to bear this in-mind. Two American horses are; the -out: stahding favorites for selection to meet Papyrus—Zev, the Sinclair colt," and My Own, carrying the colors of Rear Admiral Grayson. Both horses have made splendid records ~this -season. Zev, it is reported, is the likely: selge- tion of the committee, but without a contest against My Own. The interna- tional race is for & mile and a half. The owner and the tralner of Zevhave said they are willing to match Zév against My Own over a mile and an eighth, but not over @ mile and a half, to determine ;which horse shall béear the American colors in the race on October 20. The owner of My Own, on the other hand, insists that the trial should be' over the ‘mile:and-a-half course, ‘the distance the winner must go against Papyrus. . The reason assigned by Zev's owner that -the: race should be only a mile and an eighth is that Zev haes sprung a frog in his foot, and is not in condi- tion perhaps now to race a mile and a half. But if Zev is not in condition to go.a mile and a half now, what' real assurance is there that he will be {veady to go that distance October 207 ‘Fhe failure of the Zev people to agree to a race over & mile and a half raises the suspicion ih many minds that they. feel Zev can beat My Own over the shorter. distance, but not over the fall course. . Such a suspicion, may be | entirely unjustified; but' if cannot- be {avolded. ~ el ‘Aside from' this angle of the ‘ques- tion it would seem just ds wise to pick the best man in. a 100:yard dash to meet another. sprinter later in a_440- | yard race &s to pick a’horse in a phorter race to compete With Papyrus over a mile and a haff. The race with England’s racer has been arranged as an international at- fair. It means Americe against Eng- land.” The Jockey Club committee must know that any falfering in the gelection of the best horse will react tremendousty against the whoie affair. 1n other international sparting events, the yacht races, polo, ‘etc., every ef- fort has been made:to have the most complete tryputs before picking the contestants, and the American public will not_be_satisfied with less in this case. . ———————— An airplane <céuld go 500 miles an hour were {t'not for the friction of the atmosphere, which would cause it to | burn. Conservative travelers will be | glad to Jearn that Nature herself has intervened to.set some kind of a Timit for the speed maniacs 2 e —r— In spite of atillation ‘sentiment, the farmer and the laborer ‘each expects the other to pay prices high encugh to maintain their, respective ‘occupations on _a profitable basis. 8357 ns ———— It Senator Johnson of :Mifinesota can hold is oratorical pace. the' Con- gressional’ Record's columns ought to reveal some very attractive human in- terest touches.. ——— " If Texas can go on sélling gasqline for 9 cents per gallon the:fact should be ‘prominently noted by. fie_op]% Wwho get up maps for ideal motor tours. . J e ] ‘The ‘ex-kaisér is the only ‘man.nien- tiored in ‘eonnection with German: poll- tics who has any really ‘practical safety-first: ideas. e " Toll-on the Key Bridge. Carg of the Capital Traction Com-! pany will be operating on the Key bridge about December k. The open-, ing of this bridge to the éxtent of ‘its usefulness has been looked forward to by thousands of persons for ysars. At about " the time.the Capital Traction extensionis opened the Washington and Old Dominion railway will diacon- tinue the use of the Aqueduct bridge and its terminal in Georgetown. The |’ change will mark an epoch in tran- sit facilities between Washington and a large and fast-growing section of Virginia. * AT L5 Public congtatulations” will ‘be “in ‘order’ because of thie ‘full. opering ¢ the mew bridge, but there s one itém in the account that is ‘not pleasant.: The Aqueduct bridge was once what ‘its name declares. It was an_“Zque- f . bridge in a certafn way.is The new Opposes public sentiment. When street cars croés the bridge every passenger will ‘pay an:estra fare of half a cent or will buy ¢wo bridge tickots for e nt. ‘While charge is very amall, it is a toll; to be paid only by stree! car riders and not by pérsons who ride in- automobiles -or by persons “who walk. It is a free bridge for autoists and pedestrians, byt a Yolt bridge for Street car pasSengers. E ‘The law tmposes on ‘the street car company: @ tax of half a cent on’ each passenger carried over the bridge in laadition to the: regular tax on its|8t the rate of gross receipts. The’ company spent $180,000 in building the extension, and ite president. says -that the company made the extension not “with the idea that it wotld be a large revenue pro- ducer, but ‘with the idea that it was neceseary to give service.” The com- pany,will callect from each passenger the tax it myst pay for carrying him over the bridge. To‘that extent the Key bridge is a;toll bridge. ' Low Diplomatic' Compensation. ‘With two American ambassadors at important, European. capitals resign- ing because they can no longer endure the financial strain of maintaining their positions, the question: again arises whether the scale of compensa- tion for diplomatic representatives is not too low. Indeed, there can be no question_on this score. Virtually ever since the United, States organizeq its diplomatic establishment it has id its representatives_abroad too little. None of them. has ever been able to keep up his post properly -on the of- ficial stipend. Acceptance of a min- istership :In former times or an am- bassadorship in recent years has en- tailed a heavy sacrifice. In, some casgs private. fortunes have been greatly depleted By a single term of office in such a position. ¥, One consequence of this condition is' that the choice of ambassadors has been limited practicajly to men of | large means, who could afford to spend the money necessary to main- tain diplomatic establishments on a proper scale. While allowances for houses have been somewhat increased in late yars they have not yet reached the. polnt where a person without a private fortune would accept an am- bvassadorship without personal loss. In the case of Walter Hines Page, sent to London by this country in 1913, thére was a heavy sacrifice. Dr. Page had no large private fortune, and it was known that he was in a way “financed” in the acceptance of the mission by a group of wealthy friends. Some day, perhaps, this will be changed, and a proper scale of diplo- matic salaries will be established, with proper " allowances for maintenance. Until then the range of selections of forelgn representatives at the larger posts. will be narrowed, and much eminent talent for services of that character will necessarily’ be sacri- ficed. e * The policy of President Ebert ap pears to be that of a man who Gelleves that en- officia] who.cannot centribute actively toward running affairs should at least avoid getting-in the way. ————— -Oklahoma is justified in wondering when the legisfature andthe courts will find -time _to attend to the cus: tomary duties assigned to such bodies. ————————— A successtul tour of America is one of the rewards awaiting the man who s prominent in European statesman- ship. ———————————— France has undertaken a foreign en- tanglement which Germans freely pré- dict:will cause trouble for generations. —————— “Where ~once “the - battle lines in Europe caused consternation the bread lines are creating renewed dismay. SHOOTING STARS. " BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Otherwise Engaged. “1 haven't time for much complaint,” Said Hezekiah Bings, “Although-I'm told fhat hope grows faint - % "Concerning several things. ‘There's trouble in the atmosphere, Across. the ocean blue, But every breath I'm drawing here Brings autumn’s thrill anew. ’ “The earth i3 generous in its yield © And does not bid’me roam. There’s work to do In shop or field And happiness at home. Though friends a picture- dark- will pajnt’ . * Of life’s deep sorrowings; 1. haven't time for much complaint,” Said Hezekiah Bings. : Polite Prominence. b ‘Dld you. go to Paris: for - your vorde to avoid public attention?” “Not ‘at all,” answered the artiste. “I wanted it to-get into ‘the papers with the. distiriction of being foreign‘ ‘news. a o 3 an Tn Wait for the Traveler. *1 understand you have no hold-up men in Crimson Gulch.” “You understand wrong,” said Cac- tus Joe. “Only théy're modernized. We've got a taxi stand and a gasoline station_just lfke gther towns.” If history tells aright, A ‘peggeful course will not pursue TiNl too played out to fight.- of |, Knowing when' to seem roigh s 'what shows you're & smooth article. & toll bridge, and thid feature -of. it | | i goods to pay Can Europe Hold Together? XXU—(Th “iIn this, thé coneluding ohapter of ‘this] Bood: séries, the avthor. makes hia own deduc- tiona. from.the faotd whick.he bas pre- as 'to the ,course, of -America, Mr, Sinclgir speaka for him- sclf as a contributor, and not dy spok: man of The Star. , | Seventecen nations of Europe owe (10 the government of ‘the United States a little more than 13,000. mil- lons of dollars. -‘Interest charges jalone on this vast sum are piling up ,000,000 a day. This does mot include the amount which {the, governments and corporations of Europe owe to others fn America. This would propably add to,the prin- cipal another 2,000 inilliona of, dol- lars. Here 15 tlie monéy-loaning record Iof the Uunited “States government in | doltar, 1 To' Arme) l Austria ! 8.1 4.746,862,000 13,378,000 1,888,000 1,891.514,000 5,775,000 Rus: Jugoslavis ] Ada to these huge totals interest at 18 per cent for fourteen manths—that's our government stake. in Europe. These amounts are so vast, so diffi- cult to grasp, they cannot pessibly mean anything concrete to any of us except by way of contrast or com- parison, For thi costing $1,000,000 could be built in every one' of the 5,000 counties in the United States; every irrigation project in America now held up. for lack of funds could be completed 1,000,000 workingmen's homes, -cost- ing $4,000 each, could be built dnd paid for; the bonded debts of every state government in the United States could be paid off, and still the un- i thinkabl 3200 millions of dollats returned to the Treasury of the United States. That's 1our stake in ‘Eurgpe. ‘What the Debt Would Buy. Perhaps we can better comprehend the interest items on this amount. “The forty-five largest cities America i 1922 had a school attend- ance of 2,940,000 pupils. The total cost of these schools, including all salaries, interest on bonds, operation and maintenance, was $222,157,892— our interest charges for 135 days on the amounts these seventeen nations owe the government of the United States. Such figures, then, represent the European bookkeeping debt the United States. The people are, therefore, faced with one of the m tremendous economic and financial problems ever given to them to meet since they became a nation. b What are we going to do about these debts, the interest of which is piling up at the rate of $4,00§ every working minute? The average man when asked about this problem answers about like this: “The government of the United States owes about 23 billions of dollars in Liberty bonds to its people. With this 12 billlons which we get from Europe we will pay off that amount of Liberty bonds down to 11 billlons and thereby reduce our taxes.” It of -arith- It would at first seem so; but Is it so simple? Europe can pay this debt only by sending us gold, or its equivalent, which 18 goods. Can she send us gald? If these nations sent Ws all their gold they could pay us less than 13 cents for every $1 they owe us. No: gold is impossible. The:debt must_be-paid in goods—that is, these nations must send to the United States an excess of goods over im- ports which they buy from the United States of at least $300,000,000 a year tor-a perfod of forty years. Must Sell to Pay. Let us be very clear about this; for the problem is generally misunder- |stood. - These debts were created, in the first instance, by America selling goods to Europe. They can be pald only In the same manner-—by the European debtors selling as tnuch toy America a8 América hus sold to them, plus interes f we compel Europe |to use her export of goods to square accounts on debts now owing to us we must understand that Europe can- not, in the very nature of things, use these same exports over again in buy ing future goods from us. We cannot eat Burope's cake and have It too. Let me illustrate. - In 1923 -the United States sold-to these-seventeen debtor countries of Furope goods to the value of 1718 miifions of dollars and purchased 616 millions from them. This._shows our debtors were still borrowing money. They had left 1,102 millions of dollars’ worth of for - bafore they could pay a cent on this additional 900 mil- {lions of annual interest charges and amortization of the United. States government debt. In a word, if the United States compels these seventeen nations of Europe tg settle {or thes past debts in the face of Europe’ present unfavorable balance of trade, as the “pay-up” advocates demand, naturally America’s export trade will dwindle almost to zero. If we insist on payment, it will not be consistent or logical, or even fair, to set about erecting. high tarift walls to. protect ourselves from such a surplus of Real Coolidge | I BY JOMN F. SINCLAIR Sented in the proviavs. drticles, 1% hie) - recommendations 000 506,000 | clear. iis vast sum-a high school in} (13 Stand in Europe ~such pay it the for oniy by admitt! oods’ chn Burepe over HoDS bt to.us..We must admi and accept. thei congequ Europe is, trying_hard tp cut do her buying from-the United State Her decreasing purchasing power also a large factor. In 1819 Europe purchased 382,000,000 pousds of beet from us and a littie less than 4,000,000 in 1922. ~Europe putchased 1,238,000,~ 000 pounds of bacon in 1919, but onl 350,000,000 pounds in 1921, at hap- pened? _The American live stock in- dustry be@qnp utterly demoralized and’ the vl of our live stock drepped in’this'time $3,611,000,000. - ‘Wotld Markets Bound Up. Let us ‘take the case of the small grain’ er, he who raises wheat, oats,"barley, ryé and flax. Although the American, wmall grain farmer sends“abroad ,enly about: one-tenth ot his total érop, the price in America is determined ‘by the, price paid in the world market. A 25<cent drop abroad in; all cereal prices in 1923, by reason of the further dwindling of European purchasing power, 'would result in a Joss of $1,100,000,000 to the American small grain fatmer. $ I want to flake this point especially Under such a financiaf sink- ing nelther Europe nor America is be- ing helped, for while to America the 08s is heavy and impressive, still to Europe the loss, based on American ices, 18 even .more disastrous, for A It is ‘a_situation where both creditor and debtor nation suffer i*rom the same malady, but not tothe same degree. The inference is, therefore, clear that if a policy undertaken by the United States results in further de- creasing the purchasing power of Eu- rope in such a way that our national income shrinks more than the amount of interest received hy us, say, $600,- 000,000 & year, the nation as & whole would lose more than it gained by undertaking such a policy. What ad- vantage is gained if taxes gre cut {$600,000,000 a year and the national income paying such taxes is reduced two or three times $600,000,000 a year? In other words, if the present American situation has been cauged s chasing power and, from Europe' standpoint, America’s fast icreasing prices, how much more serious would the problem be in increasing still further goods-value losses by adding this further mountain of debt of from 500 to 1,000 millions a yeat to be paid, as_we have already . shown is the only way that Europe can pay, by an excess of goods sold over. goods pu chased from us? pt Exports of United States Fall. In 1920 the total export and im- port business of the United States totaled $13,342,000,000; it went down o $10,170,000,000 in 1921, and dwindied to $6,379,000,000 in 1922. The record for 1923 is expected to be worse. Business-is slowing down. Farm- ers“and live stock men have as’a result been ruined by the hundreds of tHousands—foréciosures, bank- ruptcies, 'he disease of Furope has spread to America. The manufacturer will be next to suffer. He cannot keep up on the present level with the world market slipping away. Production is low pow, but it will continue to get lower 'and lower, until, - forced by stern necessity, America will call a world’s economie conference, which will, pot adjourn until reparations, war debts, military expenses and the trade barriers of the world arfe readjustqd. We have much to lose, but & great deal more to_gain. 1 olitical Jei tions that pe needs: couft ‘of arbitfation, eithér. It is an ecomumaic, United States of Europe that ghe needs and must.have. Cut away tariff barriers, cut away military expenses, cut away the im- possible debt charges, restore the wrecked interpational machine for trade and good will, and the average {mman in the world, ‘now so discour- aged, would feel the effects immedi- |ately. That, to me, is the ali-impor- {tant next step. I cannot close this series of arti- cles without saying a word to that Ameriean who believes we. ought to leave European affairs alone and let her work -out her own problems. iTrue, we can probably readjust our- i selves and after a generation of in- tense hardship and terriblé suffering place a Chinese tariff wall about our- selves so high and so powerful that we can Keep out the sorrow -and { hunger and poverty of Europe. the culture storehouse of the last thou- sand years. As a self-contained eco- nomic unit we could probably live after the readjustment period was over, But do we want fo do it? Can .we- turi our back .om Europe now when she is in danger of losing her economic life? Are we going to: quit, or are we going to translate | 1nto” action the abstract things called | justice and good will? Tt seems to {me we must do the only thing to do. arn that is to help keep the fires of civilization burning. ~ We must not let them die. We cannot play the part of the selfish rich man. Let us accept the call, proud of the fact that ft is ours to receive; rekindle the fires. of -hope and -courage evérywhere by showing by our own example that it 1a better Yo cure than to injure, better to love than to hate, better to co- operate than to fight, better to give than to receive. (The End.) (Copyright. 1923, in United States and Great Britain by North American Newspa Alliance, Al rights Feserved.) Policies Still - ue of ma' is not a . Obscure, Many Editors Think { AJthough President Coolidge broke his silence on the occasion of his addreéss to the American Red Cross in Washington, . dditors still await further details of his bellefs before tempting to classity him in. the Political “cabinet.” The Red Cross address, it 1s conceded, covered knpwn ground, In discussing some of .the outstending statements con- tained in it the.majozity of editors are .careful to make it plain .they “suspend judgment” tign itself and will do so probably until' the Chief Magistrate tells Con- gress what he thinks of the “state ot _the nation. one point. the President ha comécin for quite general commenda tion. - t was ‘on his sugges that the .world is not yet ready to discard armies and navies, a declara- tion which is characterized by-the mes the .censcience of :&?mn‘ (e‘dafnle A “nation’s fizat dut to itself and beyond ‘that o obligation of the e weak, but to sdminiater s may be necessary to 3 > ter.” - hen and restore ing this viewp Ledger-Dispatch cl (independent || democratic) suggests the advice trust ‘but keep your powder Lord, e d now as when it was & p““l:l“ !:r wnl. is lr:_:l i on to apply moi '{!plz.wu in a d.l.nzlnl on’ the admira~ 0 [ he pral while ecurity which comes from |a: strong| oint, the Nor-: “ts as 0O ére ars ag0. The nation which %&“ esires peace, and is, at the | aid, time, | country. They have nothing in com- mon with either the narrow provin- clalism that would make of us a her- mit nation, or the Wilson idealism which would have America atep be- yond the biblical injunction and love its neighbors, better than itaelf to its oWwn enslavement and to the world's ultimate undoing. /5 e * ok k k In the opinion of the Roanoke World- Newg_(derhocratic) the speech “shows such = complete lack of thatimental quality it 1s doubtful whether its author (prg- |4 vided, of ceurse, it fairly represents him) could bring himself to put forth any resistance to a retrogressive movement, much less help heave man- kind forward a bit. There is nothing {in his addvess to show -that he con= siders it posajble to avert war by the conference- table method, or -that lie considers it.worth while or desirable to try to do s S |* However. the ‘Allentown Call (inde- pendent) belleves the President fur- nished “a proper tribute to tlhe spirit of ¢the American people,” in 8o far as sed the Red Cross and its work, the Boston Post (independent) ues that his practical realism fgrblnfl. entirely. original 1f, was made inspiring “while not, pwtetr bimse! e speake [using’ ¥q « Y ome -of ' his. convictions. g tted: the. occ: >3 ctical idealism presents difffcul- ties, as all the world knows. But it is a possibility that President Coolidge @ees and discusses.” ' It was & “strik- § lesson the President drew from America's response to appeals for the Albany News i 2. = B . To the Editor of TheStar: fer “4 Theg #ican public -hmg1 iny L . Sinclalr for the1ili in, argicles appearing Th Star and oter leading papery’ on the economic - conditions _-prevailing in. ‘Europe. ~Bojled~down, Mr. Sinclair’ ‘mai- s§Swithat it Europe keeps, oing at the brésent rate she is head- ed for bankruptcy—the sooner the better. The-same, law. s 16, nar. tions" that” applies to, individi you ‘caniot apend more than you éarn’ and keep goin i e Risk Too ey t perplexing problem, to mdst-of the people why the issue of al]; thesp. paper marks, francs, * kronen, “etc. ‘“Europe has gone to the pawnbroker and hoeked all her jew- els; she has mortgaged herself to the ‘hilt, and now, without any securities that are ‘unincumbered, is asking Uncle Sam to help her out ‘of the mire. Why, the :‘Américan ~people would not lend to thelr brother under such condition: 4 Two sendtors, one a republican and the other a democrat,' rétyrn trom an'| intensive -examination of European financial conditions. One comes back filled” with altrhistic ' sentiments ‘to, help Europe, the other advises “to keep. hands off, - If- Mr. Sinclair has stated the facts, which of the sen- ators is right in his diagnosis? Is it politics or ecodomics? Take a concrete case: Will the senator who is so enthuslastically’ \Jjn favor .of America lepding Europe more money on such securities as. they have today be willing to lend one of his own people. a few -thousand dollars to build a home, with the home place for security and the borrower sol- vent and able to pay? ¥ There s not the least doubt in the minds of people who have watched events developing in the last year that the little German has been trying his best to make the Boy™ across the Atlantic pay the war chest. His actions have been as sfnuous as they have been insincere. He figured that {f he evaded the paymepts of reparations, Franc Belgium, England and the othe; debtors to the United States.would en- [deavor to_get us to cancel the-debts. While - the prospects for getting our money are .extremely doubtful under the present economical conditions, yet the American people will never stand for the actual cancellation of Europe's debts to us: this merely spells that Germar _triekery -wins, and-the -“Fat Boy” pays the bill The people of this country have been generous with Europe. Over 500,000, 000 of American dollars have gone over there each yemr for the past two or three years by.way of lourists and remittance:to the old folks. We have fed their starving and clothed “the naked. We have ministered to the sick and helpless. Germany, the worst sin- ner of all, has {he effrontery to ask us to give her a féw billions of dollars to rehabilitate her industries. Suppos- ing that the people of the country pur- chased all the manufactured goods we needed in_order to stabilize Europe's exchange, “the result would be bank- ruptcy for half the manufacturers of this country. Again. are we going to help Germany ~ stabilize her finances and let our allles aink? - She l0st noth- ing--s0 -far as-her material industries are concerned, but did destroy the in- dustries of France, Belgium, Italy and others in the most wanton and. vam- alistic way she could devi: Supposing that in 1872-73 France had acted the part of a piker and welcher, as Germany has done in the’ past six months, where would France be today? God . help her! There are some.that say France is militaristic, but the imperial German republic (such a travesty on the name of republic) is not. German people Kick the imper] of the German republic and relegate the ~Ludendorfts and _Hindenburgs, with their military uniforms and de orations, to the discard pack, then the American people will.begin to think that there is chanpe Yot real reform. # that the riffraff of Amer- ple, the unspepkipg million better, more carrect slant on | Eu n conditions ‘¢han All the senate and congres: that have gone_ over there with their political optics jopen and the economic_eye with 2 bad case of cataract affest- Ing it, 3 i et the people of Burope balance thelr budget—that is, income and o penso Account practically. the same. Until' this is actually accomplished all hope is I for salvation for either fnflationist or deflationist. long ‘a8 775 per cent or more of ex- penses for - military armaments there canipe no such thing as a busi- ness * adrdmistration of affairs of these -natlois.— —With such instruc- tions to the American jury as Mr. Sinclair has submitted, there can be but one verdict: Hands off. EDWARD ARNOLD. Cane Used as Reeds Made Fine Music‘ To the Editor of The Sta: T read Mr. Haskin's “questions and answers” with much interest,'and in your issue of I3th instant I was at- tracted by the aboye-question, noting ‘particularly ‘the -“flute” - When a child I often saw negroes in Georgla playing on “the ‘reeds,” composed of different lengths. of .cane -placed together in order’ ot length, fastened to keep them’in place. This fnstru- ment ‘was passed across”the mouth back and forth, and blown into, mak- ing swect music; indeed, I have heard very sweet brought out of it! I wonder if this is the “flute” referred to by Hr. Haskin. Some years beéfore the “war between the states” Judge Augustus B: Long- street’ (author of “Georgia Scenes”) was going down the Chattahoochee river, from Columbus; Ga., on & barge lpaded .with cotton bbund - for the gulf. As it ‘could proceed only by daylight, the barge had to be “tied up” to the river bank at-night. About nightfall one day Judge Longstreet was attracted by the notes of one of these “reed” instruments and, being an’ exquisite flute player,. he took. up. his, Instrument and began imitating'thé music he heard, which ceased when he began to play. After a while the: “reeds” began again, the judge taking it up again, when the ‘reeds” were silept again. In a short bushes 1 | ‘peerinig through -them. by the absence of any threatening he revealed hh:\lelf. ‘when he invited to come' al th barge, After a little hesitation he did so, the judge greeting him in a very, friendly. way, showing his in- terest-in the-‘reeds,” -which he took and examined with much interest, handing the: Indisn’ hi quisite Boéhm flute, with which he weas de- lighted. . Confidence. established, the judge took his flute and: played some -plalntive pleces, with which ¢ delighi The judge ‘then asked himi to play again on his “reeds,” in which he accompanied him with his ‘flute, thus mlkh‘l‘.: lovely duet. The situation w; unique, the Indian seemingly en- the'ngqfl:lt notes of the each:had played several duek the Indian took dizapp A tlrlnll in !as W00 @ most novel experi- nee- M'”‘ Indian’s plaintive plece t played the (from m ory) with Dr. Iverson R. of Macon, Ga., who also n'{ d wit] As | nd plaintive notes | 1\0 Q. Why is not I6wa Circle ramed’ for Gen. Logan, whose statue grag: 1t?—J. G. H. A. Long before Gen, Logan’s statue was erected the official name of the eircle was Iowa. Soon after the erection of the memorial an effort| was made ta popularize ,the name | “Logan Circle,” . byt the- movetent does not seem to have been successfal. Q. In an article in one of the Washington papers recently, there Was # reference to “those Who re- member Dolly Madison.” It is not possible, is it, that there is a: one.} now alive who remembérs the_ mis- tress of the White House 4t the’ time of the war of 18%2 %, : A. Dolly Madison lived in Wash- ingion, or was frequently in Wasb- ington, for almost fifty years, and during the last years of her life she once more -made her home in ‘Washingtorn. It is possible, therefore, that there are those now living whe remember her in this latter period, ‘when, it is said, she presided over a salon in_her residence, where the Cosmos Club _{s now located, second only to the White House, where im- portant personages always called on state occasions immediately after they had called at the White House. . Can you glve me the approxi- mate purchasing power of a dollar?— 7K. A. According to Irving Fisher, professor of political _economy ~at Yale, the purchasing -powér of the dollar for the month of April, 1923, was 59.9 cents; May, 61.3 cents; June, 63.3 cents; July, 65.4 cents: August, 64.9 cents, The basis of this compu- tation is the pre-war dollar—1913. Q. Have there ever been any earth- quake shocks along the Oregon coast?—J. S. P. A. The coast and geodetic sur- vey says there have been several earthquakes off the coast of Oregon. The most recent one occurred Janu- | ary 31, 1923, several hundred’miles off the codst. 7 s Q. nom| le:d actually go to . The Navy ~Départmiént says that about 25 per cent of those nom- inated enter the United States Naval Academy. How many of the boys who are Annapolis? Is there available any Eskimo mus D. B.- - A. {brou on the made b his party ploring— exped regions. Q. Was Chick champion . when champlonship?—R. A. - Evans won both titles the sami year--1916. He won the open cham pionship first.. This tournament was held at the Minikahda Country Club of Minmeapolis, June 27 to 30. The amateur championshi; was played September 4 to 9 at the Merion Cricket Club of Philadelphia. Q. When was the term “Coni tal Congress” first used?—D. L. A. Tt was first used by Ethan Alién at the capture of Ticonderoga, May 10, 1775, -When the “British- of: ficer acked Allen by what authority he demanded the surremder of the fort, he replied: “In the name of the Great Jehovah and the Continental Congress. eclipse of the sun L5 . ‘Thi «fll‘Yt Eskimo music to be ght to civilization Wil be that phonograph records to be Dr. Donald MacMillan and while on the present ex- ition.. of - the. Arctic vans the amateur “won the open tinen- | S. Q. When was an first observed?—P. A. “The first recorded eclipse was observed in China” “on - October 22, 2136 B.C. . Why do Protestants say: “I be- leve in‘ the Holy Catholic Church”?— A. The Apostles’ Creed is a formuia. which has been used as a declaration:’ CAP of faith at times by practically atl Christian churches. “One of the ar- ticles enumerated Is, the Holy Catholle Church.” sense the word “Catholic” is used in its original meaning, whieh was the church_universal, and referred to the entire body of Christians. L 4 Q. What nrogurm of a green tree is water2—K. RB. ; A. The moisture in green trees may ary considerably, but as a general average 40 to 50 per cent of the weight of the wood in the trees ma. be water. Counting it at 50 per ceat, the remainder is 25 per cent carbon and 25 per cent combination of hy- @rogen-and oxygen with carbon. ‘How much money was spent last year by Americans traveling in Bu- Tope?—E. M. B. v A.. The Department of Commerce says that approximately $301 was - spent in Europe in 19 American tourists. _- Q. Is mate an intoxicating drink?— E. L. D. A. Mate is a non-intoxicant, some- times known as Paraguay tea, and is prepared from the leaves and shoots of the mate tree. This is the South American holly. Q. What people are the greatest meat eaters?—J. C. K. A. Of races which inhabit the world today :}m Eskimos stand first as de- vourers’ of meat. They usually eat but one meal a day and then gorge themselves with tough meat so that they develop big jaws and enormous- ly distended abdomens. Q. What sound has the first I in the word Italian?—B. L. N. A. It has the same sound as in the word Italy. Q. What bird_ migrates the far- thest distance?—R. D. A. The biological survey says that the land bird with the longest migra- tion route is probably the nighthawk. which occurs north to Yukon and south, 7,000 miles away, to Argentina. This distance is surpassed by so@ water birds and shore birds, many of which travel more than 8000 miles when migrating. “~Q. What Is the €larendon Press?— A. L. A. The Clarendon Press is the name by. which the press of the University of Oxford, England, is distingulshed. Q. Is the nursey rhyme, “Little Jack Horner,” based on historical fact?—J. P. = A. It is said that the -phymels based .on the fact that Harner was a_messenger sent by the Abbot of Glastopbury to ~Henry .the Eighth Qeeds of certain menors. in- teries. -Horner to the king, but firet abstracted the deeds to the manor of Wells, which was a “plum” indeed, and the abbot was afterward punished for With- holding them. Q. At what hour of the day is it« roper to serve a buffet megl?—J. R A. A buffet breakfast may be served at noon, a luncheom at 1 or 2 o'clock, a supper at any time in the evening, or this kind of scrvice may be used for an afternoon or .evening reception. Q. Is beriberi known in Japan’- . 3. T. 3 L A. Kakke is the Japanese name for a disease believed to be identical with the beriberi of India, the Malay pe- ninsula and archipelago and Brazil. (Have a question you wan! answercd? 8end it to The Star Infor- mation Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin director, 1220 North Capitol strect Inclose 2 cents in stamps for roturn postage.) TTAL KEYNOTES BY PAUL V. COLLINS The American Logion announces that the adjusted compensation of all soldiers of the world war will pass | the next House by a vote of seven to [ one and pass the Senate by four more than necessary to override a presi- !dcnual veto. Whether there will be a veto is only guesswork. | At the last session of Congress the bill was passed by both branches, but | [was vetoed by President Harding on the ground, as argued by the Secre- tary of the Treasuty, that the bill {should embody a sales tax, or some | {other method ofgraising the revenue nesded to carry out its. appropria- | tions. It was repassed by’ the House over the veto, but failed:fo secure the required two-thirds vofe in- thé Sen- ate. . . 1 * ko K While the measure has had the ac- ive indorsement of - the, Ammerican Legiofl, it is not, primarily, a legion movement, nor is it fof the exclysive benefit of legionaires.:It- govers all drafted or volunteey soldiers who were in the world -war. ' whether ross the seas or _im the. United States. 52 The incorporation; dct’ of the na- tional organization (ot the American glon was passed by Congress Sep- tember 16, 1913. A% the time of t first national conveation, November 12, 1919, there were'already filty-five biils_for soldle: djugted compen sation which had been introduced in Congress. At that meeting of the legion a resolution was adopted re- viewing the claim ‘of veterans for consideration, “second only. to that of caring for the disabled and for the widows and orphans of those who had sacrificed their lives” It added: “But the American Legion feels that it_cannot ask for legislation in its selfish interest, and leaves with con- fidence to Congress the discharge of this obligation.” * Kk kX Congress accepted the responsibil- ity, but awaited more definite expres- sion trom the American Legion, as the outstanding, répresentative body of the veterans. The following Feb- ruary (1920) the .national exegutive committee, acting for thé “entire legion, adopted a resolution naming $50 a month for each month’s service as acceptable adjustment., - The House in caycus, with but two dissenting votes, referred the matter to the ways and. means committee. The chairman of that committee, Joseph D. Fordney,” then requested representatives ot the. logion to ap- pear before the committee in confer- enge. Not until thus requested had the legion made, any effort to in- fluence Congress: At that conference Commander-in-Chief Franklin D’Oller reported the legion's recommendation of a measure embodying four options of compensation, substantially = as ally passed. 5 < That bill, H. R. 14157, Was intro- duced in the House by Chairman 1 Fordney on behalf of the committee on ways and means. The committee on rules made the last six days of the 8 thé - Sixty-sixth Congress the time for its debat Tre. vote on passage resultgd: Yeas, 289; nays, 92; not voting, 46. i @ bill then went to the Senat &xpi ssion . fallowln‘“ltl‘.wmy e ‘-:filment Teign - desirable, - government-owned, veloped land. g o as passed in the Sixtv- seventh Congress (but not over the President's veto) provided four kinds of _adjustment, one of which might be chosen by the beneficiary: 1. Adjusted pay at the rate of 81 a day for home service or $1.25 for for- service. Maximum $500 for homé and_ $625 for foreign service. 2. A paid-up twenty-year ‘endow- ent poljcy, 3.28 times the amouat of 1 able unde: Th m No. 1. 3. Vocational training aid at $1.25 a day while taking a course imtraining —not exceeding 140 per cent of No. 4. Farm or home aid, not exceeding 140 per cent of No. 1. The finance committes estimated that the total cost of the bill—spread over twenty years—would be $4,356.~ 338,613, ook Zhe argument against the bonua has_been led by the United States Chamber of Commerce, except that it favored land Teclamation, . The chamber presents the argument that men who were not woundéd or made sick by &ervice were - amply paid, in comparison with civilians who liad to meet the increased cost of living. It claims that even thé pri- vate, receiving -$30 a month with board and uniform, got the equivalent of $3.26 a day. or $1,080 a.year— which was equal to the high wages paid @élvilians - who had to meet 1. €. L.” “The average wage in factorieg for.1918,” says the chamber, ‘'was. $1,147; in mining it was $1,282. To the cost of maintaining the sol- dier the government added ailowsnces for dependents amounting to 3298.- 000,000 and assumed life insurance (paid by ‘the soldier out of his §30). and protected his property against civil action. “A large part of any army fs not used for fighting purposes, but s ac- tive far:-behind the lines;"and in no greater danger than m: oivilians engaged in the manufactive of arti- cles for war use.” “For many civilian employes,” says the chamber. “the purchasing power of their compensation in 1818 was enly 68 per cent of the purchasing ower of 1913, and it was.20 per cent oss_than_ in 3817. - Also, the size of their families had mo eftect on the civilian’s income.” “The argument as to basing a soldier's compensation upon civillan wages is illusory,” adds average soldl of the world,” argues . chamber, “and gave more additional benefits and allowanoos than any nation had hitherto ever given its soldiers, the total of this compensation and benefit _exceeded ‘the compensation and benefit recefved by civillane in many walks of life.” “The argument (favoring the ad- Jjusted compensatioit) is put forward,”, says_the chamber, “only tb bolster up a for a $4,000,000,000.bonu: national - Treasury”’—a the deman: 5 from.the gerous precedent. 3 {Copyright; 1020 by P. V. Collins.y et Us Have Peacs! From the Cbicago Evening Post. . The President has indicated posi- tively 8nd with particularity that he is not going to upset things. has taken the personnel of the Harding administration as he found’it and ap- pears réluctant to.make changes. e -is said to Pe deeply impressed* with . the need for quietude in government. He wants the country to feel that the 3 n is for 4tability and genuine confidence. ' For such an attitude the oountry will give unstinted pral, 'he on fear is thal hen it conven 1 >feel an' irresistible tate_another period of “distrust ot Sttbuiked Tostiation. \ es in