Evening Star Newspaper, October 3, 1923, Page 1

Fair tonight and tomorrow; slightly warmer tonight; temperature for twenty-four hours, ended at 2 p.m. today: Highest, 69, at 4 p.m. yester- day; lowest, 50, at 5:30 a.m. today. ’ Closing N. Y. Stocks and Bonds, Page 30 Entereq & second-class ciatter post, office _Washington, No. WALTON NULLIFIES DEFEAT BY VOTERS BY COURT VICTORY Decision of Bench Keeps Re- sult of Referendum From Being Made Legal. 29,009. STATE CAPITOL PLACED UNDER MILITARY GUARD Spectacular Election, With Linle Opposition, Shows Governor’s Grip Weak. Dy the Associated Press. OKLAHOMA CITY. Okla., October 3.—A temporary restraining order preventing the state election board from tertitying the returns from yes- terday's special election was issued in sgate district court here today upon application or counsel for Gov. J. C. Walton. The order was granted immediately after the executive's petition was filed before Judge Tom G. Chambers, jr. 1t enjoins W. C. McAlister, secretary John P. Logan, deposed chairman; Ira Mitchell, newly appojnted chair- man, and Claude Baker, member, from certifying the returns of “the pretended election” to the secretary of stat The action was brought by Mr. Walton as governor. Fights Walton in Court, At the same time, it was announced by Campbell Russell, former chair- man of the state corporation and a leader in the opposition to Gov. Wal- ton, that he would file immediately a petition for a grand jury in district vourt to Investigate official acts of the executive. Mr. Russell circulated the Petition on the streets early today. The petition, Mr. Russell said, would seek an investigation of alleged mis use of public funds by Gov. Walton and also would direct an inquiry Into the governor's action in commission- ing thousands of special state police. A former grand jury. called upon tion circulated by Mr. Russell to stigate the executive's use of pub- lic moneys, was stopped by the mili- tary authorities, who trained a ma- chine gun on the grand jury room. The state capitol was asaln. under rd of state troops today. Frank Carter, chairman of the state corpe- ration commission, declared it was his understanding that the guards. were under orders to prevent certification to the state election board of returns from vesterday's election. No ex-~ planation of the guards'' reappear- ance could be obtained from the adjutant general's office. Opponents of Gov. Walton scored a sweeping victory ~yesterday most spectacular election ever held in Oklahoma. e A constitutional amendment em- powering the state legislature to meet on its own call to consider {m- peachment charges against the goy- ernor was passed by a decisive ma- Jority. No Opposition te Vote. ¢ Despite the executive’s proclamétion postponing the election and his threat to block it by armed force, opposition was negligible and the balioting proceeded peaceably, except for minor instances, throughout the state. Indications early today were that the heaviest vote for a referendum election in the history of the state had been polled. 1t was estimated that if the ratio ‘were continued the total vote would reach more than 300,000, Complete returns from 1,393 out of 2,837 precincts in the state, as tabu- lated by four Oklahoma newspapers, showed the count for the legislative proposal: For, 147.269; against, 37,404. The overwhelming 'success “of ' the measure, however, is belleved to have been responsible, in, part’ for the defeat of five other .constitutional amendments, includiig a soldiers’ honus. These questions required a majority of all yotes cast and many voters ‘cast baliéts only on the legis- lative proposal. On the face of latest returns today the vote on these measures stood: Bonus<-1,022 precincts; for, 53,687; against, 72,953, For refunding depositors in failed state banks—982 precincts; for, 38,- 798: against, 68,492 Additional school levy—1,024 pre- cincts; for, 62,504; against, 55,301. Establishing _eligibility 'of _women stive _office holders—970 pre- cincts; for, 73,532; against, 37.431. Compensation' for death in indus- trial accidents — 945 precincts; for, 57,349; against, 59.080. No Vote in Three Countles, In only three counties, according to reports, was the €lection wholly, pre- vented. Thesé were Clmarron and Harper, where the non-arrival of sup- plies made balloting impossible, and Delaware, where the civil authorities barred the election in compliance with Gov. Walton's orders. The sheriff's selzure of supplies in Bryan county did not interfcre with the voting there. Led by Federal Judge R. L. Willlams, former gover- nor’of Oklahoma, citizens set up im- provised election machinery by using makeshift ballots and depositing them in_“homemade” receptacles. Many citizens of Johnson ~county mailed their votes to state election board headquarters when election of- ficials there refused to open the polls. In all other caufities the election proceeded smoothly under the watch- ful eyes of hundreds of special depu- ties commissioned to protect the voters. . There was no instance of interfer- ence by members of the governor's state . police force. Two, hewever, were arrested at Tulsa gharged with carrying concealed weapon: The military forces did not .p?:nr Replying to the statement of Rep. resentative W, D. McBee that his “de; potic administration” no longer can be representative of a small part .of the people, because such an over- whelming. majority repudiated it in me:ncuon, Gov. Walton declared last night. s “am ‘still governor -of the state. The fight on the Invisible Empire has just started in Oklahoma.” * The executive has charged that members of the legislature who draft- impeachment charges against him and attempted to convene, only to be dispersed by national guardsmen un- der arders from the as vernor, are Ku Klux Klansmen seeking .to halt hie] ‘war on the ‘secret organization. . The, legislative amendment- o the constitution, under the law, become offective as soon as returns from th election are certified to-the secreta: of state by the state election board. This-usually requires at least a week. While the futGre: inteptions of the governor havé not been made known, it is sidéred probable .that he will seek, through the coiirts, to bar an ijmmedjate assembly of the legisla- lu:;....lfl‘er prgx;lllon;% the a ';“" m thereby - te o ihg electiony D C. CHANCELLOR READY 10 DEMAND POWER OF SUPER DICTATOR Stresemann, Party Revolting Against: Him, Prepares Drastic German Policy. ENRAGED BY OUTBREAK IN RANKS OF FRIENDS Cabiget Compromise Expected to Save Situation on Brink of Failure. BY HIRAM K. MODERWELL. By Cable to The Star and Chicago Daily News. BERLIN, October 3.—Chancellor Stresemann has won at least two more days of life for his government. If the party strife which threatens to wreck it does not subside by tomor- row, he plans to go before the reich- stag-as an individual, announce his program, which calls for his appoint- ment as § super dictator, not only of military affairs, but of financial eco- nomics, and leave the fate of Germany in the reichstag's hands. This was the decision he announced to his own party in an impassioned speech Tuesday night when, startled and overwhelmed by news that his party had voted by a four-fifths m: Jority to demand exclusion of the soclalists from the government and inclusion of the nationalists, he rush- ed to the party conference room and took the floor. Terrifically serious in his efforts to save Germany from what he believes to be a threat of complete annihila- tion, he announced that he would (Continued on Page 2 MAN-HOMAN SOBS DENIAL OF SLAYING By the Associated Press. CHICAGO, October 3.—Fred Thomp- | son, alias “Mrs. Frances Carrick,” the man who posed as a wife, charged with the murder of Richard Tesmer in a held-up, took the witness stand today @nd denied the charge. He #poke In the (oW tones a weman might use, nervously clasped and un- clasped his hands,’ sobbed and told of his double life, . ‘Thé. efenise insists that Thomipsen s & Womah, BUE oh the stand in answer to & question as to his name, he_replied after a moment's hesita- “My name is Fred G. Thomp- . Column 6.) He added that he had used the names of Frances Carrick and Fay Holmes. He was born in Columbus, Ohio, he sald, and ltved there until he _was thirteen years old. “I was naturally & very quiet chila,” he sald. “I wore boys' clothing. but 1 always wanted to wear women's Clothes, because I felt easier.” Abandoned Male Attire, When he was fourteen years old, he sald, he came to Chicago and aban- doned male attire. He said he first worked as a chambermaid and la: because of his high soprano volce, became a cabaret singer for a time. “Once I tried again to be a hoy and put on male clothing,” he testified, “The men would not believe me and told me to go home and put on proper clothes and not try to masquerade around.” At home, he sald. his habits ‘were those of a woman; that he did sewing and other household tasks of & woman. He testified he wac thirty-three years old and In 1912 married’ Frank | Carrick at Crown Point, Ind. Onece they were arrested and ordered to produce their marridge license, the witness sald. Married Girl Later. Later Thompson said he married Marie Clark because he “sympathized with her and did not want her to go wrong.” They did not live together as married people. he added. During the Ohio floods ten years ago he sald he was worried about the safety of his relatives, and while af- | fected by the fear and worry cut his hair and changed his, attire several times. Other times he sought to take his place as a man, he sald, and once bought five acres near Chicago and tried without success t> work on the and. When asked by his attorney it he killed Tesmer while ghrbed as a woman, Thompson answered: . “No, 'gentlemen, 1 could not kill a cat or a dog. | The witness then covered his face with his hands ahd sobbed. After a brief OFoss examination, Thompson was excused by Judge Cayv- !ell'ly,‘ :nm remarked: “That will be {all, 'lady. heglefense then iddenly ahnounc- led its case was closéd. Thompson was attired in silk gar- | ments, though weating-trousers, and with his halr in brilds over his e; The state ulmnlcu its case agal: the defendant in 1e88 than a day, di pending principally oh the testimony of Mrs. Emma.Tesmeh widow of the man_slain. = Mrs. TeSmer positively identified Thompson a8 the “laughing blue-eyed girl" who. shot Tesmer, By the Assoclated Press. _CHARLESTQN, W..Va. October 3,.— Wast Virginia has been asked to re- turn $5.60, taken :by a town policy man as bond on & speeding charge, to Ofto L. Wiedfelt, : German ambas- for 'to_the United States, it became kvown today, Wwhen correspondence ou the inciderit ‘was' ‘made publlc. Johannes Jantzen, Frau Jantzen ind Vice Consul Bger, \:um;‘apo: d?y a leeman din. the town of vay, Semorson county.: The bificer charged the ambassador with. speeding and, according to the corregpondence, Was b ¢ Foening WITH SUNDAY MORNING EDITION WASHINGTON, D. C, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1923—FORTY PAGES. Dry Director Moves to Stop John P. Hill’'s Wine Making IR-1 HOME AFTER 200 MILEFLIGHT Navy Dirigible Makes Run From Chicago in 12 Hours i at $150 Fuel Cost. ' Hy the Associated Press, LAKEHURST, N. J., October 3.— Completing a record trip to St. Louis and return, the Navy dirigible ZR-1 nosed her way out of a bank of clouds within sight of her home hangar at the naval aviation fleld here at 6:08 this morning. The air Leviathan's record-break- ing trip was officlally at an end at | 6:48, when she landed. Rear Admiral W. A. Moffett, chiet of the bureau af aeronautics, who | joined the fiight ap St. Louis, was the first to leap to esrth as the coutrol car skimmed the grass of the landing field. Behind him came ders Frapk R. McCrary and iRalpn. D Weyerbicher. b ‘ Sets World Retodd. Three hundred sallors and marines grected them with salutes and cheers as they manped the landing gear of the big bagand towed it gently to- ward its berth. The rear sdmiral's flag droppéd from the stern. The trip from the castaway here to the return haa consumed forty-seven hours and forty-nine minutes. The ship covered approximately 2,200 miles during forty-3ix hours actually {in the alr. Her maximum speed was | seventy-eight miles an hour—a speed which Rear Admiral Moffett belleved a world record for lighter than air craft. : 5 “A” trip most satisfactory in overy respect,” declared the admiral. ‘We made the run from Chicago in exactly twelve hours on 654 gallons of gaso- line at a fuel cost of perhaps $150. The fuel consumed by &n express {train over the same milage would have cost much more. Part of Crew Sleeping. Part of the crew of forty-two navi- gators, officers and enlisted men were oft duty and snoozing away in their bammocks on the cat walks, when the massive ship reached port. So steadily did the liner plow through the waves of the air and so smoothly did she lower herself over the hangar that not until the noisy welcome of the “shore” crew reached their ears were the sleepers awakened. “Except for the bumpy weather en- contered early on the trip we had smooth sailing all the way." said commander Weyerbacher. “On - the return we maintained about. 4,000 feet altitude. The crew worked in three regulation ship board watches. Men off duty slept as peacefully in’the cabins_as they would at home. Ad- miral Moffett retired at 10 last night as we were sailing over Indiana and slept like & top. . A happy crew was given several days “shore Teave" at the special re- quest of Admiral Moffett. Next Wed- nesday, Mrs. Denby, wife of the sec- retary of the Navy will rechristen the airigible “Shenandoah” — “‘Daughter of the Stars. , e e FILM STAR’'S FATHER DIES. SAN PEDRO, Calif., October 3. Joseph F. Swanson, fifty-two, father of Gloria Swanson, the movie actress, died here at the Fort McArthur Post Hospital yesterday from acute heart {trouble. Swanson was an Army field iclerk. § o J. W. BENGOUGH DEAD. TORONTO, October 3.—J. W. Ben- gough, veteran Canadian toonist. and poet, died at his hame last night. He was seventy-two years ola. ‘German Envoy Avoids Jail; Pays $5.60 as Speeder; U. S. in Case He released them on a bond of $5.60 'n the absence of the mayor. Secretaly of State Hughes, when informed of the incident, referred -it to Gov. Margan of West- Virginia. Efforts are being made by state of- ficfal t:“nnv-‘r e $5.60. . . n & letter, of ‘apology direpted to Becretary Hughei Gev.'l( n add. d ‘that “I would ‘most respectfully suggest that - the ‘innocent actlon of an untutored policeman' is. less a rving of ~admonishment « o Hn‘l’l‘t‘nh d.fl.hnoe‘ ’:: & :t speed y such an ¥mportant personage as an ambassador. B In a letter to HI state road deat to pleas of diplomatic immunity, threatening. ‘to*lzo::qp'tlg motorists. { e Headless Body Of Man in Girls’ By the Associated Press. PITTSBURGH, Pa., October 3.— The headless and nude body of an unidentified white man was found in the girls' dressing room of the city swimming pool on the South Side here today. A trail of blood led from the building to the Monongahela river bank nearby. Police said they be- lieved the head was thrown into the river. EV THOUGHT SURE TORACE PAPYRUS Only-Prompt Aogeptance .of Match Terms Will Give My Own Chance. By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, October 3.—Unless Rear Admiral Cary T. Grayson, owner of My Own, promptly acquiesces to the match race terms recently outlined by Maj. August Belmont, 1t is belleved that Zev, Harry Sinclair's prize three year-old, will be named as America’s representative in the $100,000 Inter- national race with Papyrus on Octo- ber 20. The committee's choice is to be offi- clally announced October 6. At the committee’s request, Mr. Sinclair has agreed to allow Zev to compete against My Own in a match race over the mile-and-a-furlong route on that date. Admiral Grayson, however, has insisted that such a trial test should be made’ on a mile-and-a-half course, the distance to be run in the interna- tional race. As the committee and Mr. nclair state, the shorter distance will prove a fair test, and aver that Zev, owing to a recent injury, is not ready to cover the longer distance, the match race hinges on Admiral Grayson's agreement to the mile and a furlong project. Belmont Drops Out. Maj. Belmont, chairman of the race committee, it iy said, has taken no further initiative in the dispute. The Jockey Club, in all likelihood, will be forced to make its choice be- tween the two thoroughbreds without a final test, and in turf circles here it is regarded as practically a certainty that Zev will be accorded the honor of opposing Papyrus, the English Derby winner. Color to thls view is given by the statement of Maj. Belmont, in connection with the proposed final trial, in: which he pointed out that Zev, in winning the Lawrence reali- zation, first official tryout, had made a more impressive showing than did My Own in capturing the second test, the National Sweepstakes. ‘There are reports that the Jockey Club-already has reached slon I (Continued on Page 2, Column 3. BULGARIA’S REPARATION. Hands to Commission 2,500,000 Gold Francs, First Installment. SOFIA, ' October 3.—The - Bulgarian | National Bank turned over to the ’repl‘rlticn commission in r::hll( of Bulgaria 2,500,000 gold fi the | first_instaliment of ‘the semi-annual payments provided for in the agree- ment effected last spring. The total installment amounts to about 13,500, 000 gold' leva. SLEW OTHER 10 GET Dressing Room|H[S OWNINSURANCE Rich Californian Confesses Burning Body in Hopes It Would Pass for Himself. By the Associated Press. EUREKA, Calif., October 3.—Alex Kels, wealthy butcher of Lodi, Calif., contessed to authorities early today that he killed a stranger on his ranch near Lodi Septembed 12, set fire to the haystack near his auto- mobile to burn the body and disap- peared to enable his wife to collect insurance amounting to $100,000. Announcement of the confession was made by M. G. Wood, assistant district attorney of San Joaguin coun- ty, after he and Sherift W. H. Riecks had queationed Kels for nearly foyr hours. In Finanelal Distress. Kels told the oficers. théy sald, his actfon was taken becausé he was in financial distress. Who the man was that he killed he declared he did not know. He picked up the stranger at a Lodi free employment agency, he sald, and took him to his ranch, where he shot him. He then put the body in the automobile, heaped hay around the machine, set fire to it and fled. For nearly three weeks, the body has been believed to be that of Kels. It was buried after one of the most elaborate fureral services ever held in San Joaquin county. Wife Seriously Il Kels told the authorities that he had not expected to realize on the fnsurance money, but to assure his wife of getting it and enabling her to discharge business obligations he had contracted, 2 His wife, an expectant mother, is in a serlous condition at her home in Lodl, and has not been told Kels is alive and under arrest. Kels was ar- rested here Monday night. He said he had been traveling throughout the southwest since his dissappearance rom Lodi. GOVERNCRS INVITED T0 D. C. OCTOBER 20 Coclidge and Three Department Heads to Ask Co-Operation in Law Enforcement. Invitations were sent out from the ‘White House today to-the governors of the forty-eight states for a confer- ence with President Coolidge, October 20, to discuss law enforcement, par- ticularly as applled to prohibition, immigration and anti-narcotic stat- utes. . The governors will come to Wash- ington from their annual conference at West Baden, Ind., leayving Indian- apolis the evening of October 19 and arirving in Washington shortly after noon the next day. They will g0 direct to the White House. where they will be entertained at luncheon by the President, after which the work of the conference will begin. The plan for the conferencé pro- vides that the heads of the depart- ments of Justice, Treasury and Labor, which are particularly concernéd with the enforcement of the legislation to be considered, shall present the views of the federal government with ye. Bpect to co-operation in enforcement. is presentation will be followed by discussion of what the states can do in a co-operative way. e THE BEST MYSTERY STORY OF THE YEAR BEGINS IN TODAY’S STAR ‘“The Double Chance”’ By 1. S FLETCHER A : It will thrill you to the very last word. All the elements of the :successful mystery story are in- cluded—the beautiful heroine, the clever detective, the martyred hero. . IN TODAY'S STAR. “From Press to Home Within the Hour” The Star's carrier system covers every city block and the regular edi- tion is delivered to Washington homes as fast as tl he papers sre printed. Yesterday’s Girculation, 92,716 1TWO CENTS. Casg Placed in Hands of U. S. Attorney ‘for Maryland. Baltimore _ Official Re- fuses to Obey Order From Haynes. By the Associated Press. BALTIMORE, Md., October 3.—Rep- resentative John Phillip Hill of Mary- land, has been notified by Prohibi- tion Commissioner Haynes that his experiments in making fruit juices are in violation of the provision of the national prohibition act, which prohibits the manufacture and Ppos- sesion of alcoholic liquor for bever- age purposes. The commisioner there- fore feels, he wrote Mr. Hill, that it is his duty to bring the matter to the attention of the United States distriet attorney of Maryland “for such ac- tion as he may deem proper in the premises.” Mr. Hill has stated heretofcre that he started the manufacture of fruit Jjuices in his cellar for home use ex- clusively, first advising Commissioner Haynes, and requesting that prohibi- tion inspectors visit his home to as- U. 3. TO HELP WEST SELL OWN WHEAT Meyer and Mondell Directed Dawes Explains Decision cf! to Study Situation Among Grain Farmers. \ Managing Director Meyer and Direc- tor Mondell of the War Finance Cor- poration and_ a representative of the Department of Agriculture were direct- ed by President Coolidge today to leave immediately for the central northwest to discuss with the wheat growers of that section the formation of co-opera- tive marketing assoclations which might avall themselves of government funds under the new rural credits act. The War Finance Corporation offi- clals and the Department of Agriculture representative will be charged with directing the formation of co-operative gssoclations among the wheat growers similar to those which have been oper- ated succemsfully among the cotfon planters ané. tobacco growers of the south, the raisin growers of California and the fruit raisers of the Pacific coast. Wil Loas Funds. The plan . of the administration contemplates that upon organization of these co-operative associations fund¢ which ‘will enable them to market the present wheat crop in an orderly manner will be provided by the War Finance Corporation under legislation passed by the last Congress. The ftinerary of Mr. Meyer and his party had not been worked out today, but it was said at the White House that visits would be made to Minnesota, the Dakotas and the other wheat-growing states of that sec- tion. It is not designed that one general organization be formed, but that the associations be representa- tive of the various localities. ‘Will Continue Study. Meantime the President and his cabinet will continue to study the agricultural situation with a view to providing further remedial meas- ures. Secretary Wallace still is at work on details of his recommenda- tions for reduction in freight rates and formation of an export corpora- tion. The President tomorrow will meet with the executive committee v¢ the American Farm Bureau Fed- (Tation for additional consideration of the federation’s proposal that the War Finance Corporation accept the settlement recelved by wheat grow- ers from foreign purchasers of their products. TROUBLE DUE TO MARKET. Lack of Orderly Selling Blamed in Wheat Belt. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. Specifically, President Coolidge hopes the wheat farmers of the west will_be encouraged to form co-op- erative corperations similar to those which have been so successful in the marketing of cotton, rice, tobacco and other products in order to re- lleve the present trying situation. The greatest weakness in the situ- ation from the viewpoint of the fed- eral government is the lack of an orderly 'marketing system in the wheat belt. Very few co-operatives have been formed. There is grave doubt among the most competent authorities here that the wheat crop will be anywhere near (Continued on Page 2, Column 7.) | /REPRESENTATIVE' J. P. HILL. certaln at what time the beverage passed the legal limit. 1 his letters to Representative Hill, made - public today, Commissioner Haynes declared that under the offi- clal chemical test made by his office there was an_alcoholic development! ranging from 6.32 per cent by volume to_25.28 per cent by volurme. “In_my letter of September 7, the (Continued on Page 2, Column 6.) BRANCHES DENIED NATIONAL BANKS Daugherty on Spread of Establishments. National banks are forbidden by law from engaging Iin branch banking business, even within the cities in which they are located. Attorney General Daugherty holds In an opinion explained today to the joint congressional banking commission by Controller of the Currency Henry M. Dawes. Such banks may, however, extend facilities_ for recefving deposits and cashing checks within the limits of the city. Controller Dawes referred to these facilities as “tellers’ win- dows,” and intimatea tnat no other functions would be allowed, such as making loans pr purchasing securities at these windows. The controller told the CoMmittee, however, that na- tional banks could not properly be periitted to.establish thése outside tacilities in afiy city or locality where state laws or practices prohibit state banks frém rendering similar serv- ces. Mr. Dawes declared that authoriza- tion "to natfonal banks to establish additional offices within the cities of their location would be of great ad- vantage in certain localities where state - banks already are extending thelr services in this manner. Given Fair Chance. “In such citles as New York, Cleve- land and Detroit and in the state of California,” he sald, “the national banks will be able to reach their customers in the matter of making deposits and cashing checks in the same way that their competitors do in this single important aspect of the banking business. At the pres- ent time in Cleveland there are only three national banks, and only a like number in Detroit. This will enable the national banking system to really enter these two great cities from which they previously had been ex- cluded, perhaps mot on equal terms, but, at least, on a living basis.” Controller’ Dawes expressed the opinion that if the branch-making system could not use the federal re- sorve .system as an instrumentality for its extension it probably would never become a great menace in that, with the national banks ex- tending a reasonable measure of facilities for ~self-protection within the limits of the municipalities in which they operate, the national bank- ing and the federal reserve systems could be malntained in their present status. « Mr. Dawes told the commission that he should like to have drawn from his arguments three general conclusions: “First, that the development of branch banking, unless curbed, wHl mean the destruction of the national bank, and thereby the destruction of the Federal Reserve System, and the substitution of a privately controlled reserve system or a government sys- tem of co-ordination. “Second: that if the Federal Re- serve Board has not the power to re- fyse the admission of institutions en- gaged in general branch banking and to curb the further extension of this principle by member banks, they should be given the power. “Third, that the abolition of the of- fico of 'controller of the currency would destroy the independent status of the national banking system and ‘government finance.” One Divorce to 7.6 Marriages ~ In U. S., Census Survey Shows| One divorce to 7.6 marriages in the Unjted States last vear is the record disclosed today by the cehsus bureau’ marriage and divorce survey, thafirst since 1916, when there was only one divorce to almost 9.3 marriages. There were one-fifth more divorces and about one-fiftieth fewer ~marriages per 100,000 of population last year than In 1916. . There were 1,126,418 marriages re- corded last year; While in 1916 there werd. 1,040,684, showing a mumerioal increase’ of 85,734. To every 100,000 of population, however, there .wefe only, 1,033 marrisges in 1922, as com- pared with 1,055 in 1916, a decrea: '2.08 per cent. : “]n.ry’ 1?.'«: le'q‘ll in the marriage rate with 1,589 ‘per 100,000 of population. Arkansas .was' second with 1487, Florida third with 1,463, and Misssis- jurth with. 1,454, and N %mlu 576 had the lowest rate. Divorces granted last year totaled 148,554 for the whole country, againat ng in 1916, an increase of 36,618, To ‘epch 100,000 of population there e 4 & dimd b . were 136 divorces last year, as com- pare@l with 112 in 1916, an increase of 21.4 per-cent. d ' Téxas_led the cduntry in the num- ber of-divorces in 1922 with a total of- 12,399, which was one-fifth of the number of marriages in that state. Tilinols was second in_the number of divorces with 10,055, Ohlo third with 10‘-;;2 and California fourth with 9,237, .. 2 The Bistrict of Columbia had the smallest' number of divorces, 161, and the lowest rate per 100,000 popula- tion, with 37. " New York was sec- ond with 40 per 100,000, North Caro- 1ina third ‘with 50 and North Dakota fourth. with ‘51: ° South Carolina re ported. no divorces, as its laws per- mit none. 5 * Nevada had' the largest number of divorces J)er 100,000 population with 1,325, and the number of marriages there .was lower than the number of divorces, totaling 1,208 per 100,000 population. Oregon 'had the second 1argedt number of divorces per 100,- ozfl’ph lation with ' 311, Oklahoma was ' mar- 4 In Georgia Caroling. 'SOARING COST MAY PUTENDTO SCHOOL BUILDING PROGRAM D. C. Architect Tells Cdmmis- sioners Contracts Cannot Be Let for Buildings. MONEY APPROPRIATED WON’T COVER EXPENSE Same Building $27,000 More Ex- pensive Today Than in May, 1922, Cited. Mounting construction costs threaten to Interrupt Washington's school ex- tension and improvement program. 1t pre¥ent high bullding costs con- tinue the District may not be ablo to let céntracts this year for the new school buildings authorized in the. current appropriation act, Albert L. Harris, municipal architect, told thex Commissipners in his annual report,! made public today. : After telling of the increases in cost that have taken place recently, Mr. Harris made this prediction: “If the conditlon persists I fear we will not be able to let contracts for the bulldings carried in the preseng bill within the moneys appropriated. The following is a striking illus- tration contained in the report of how costs have mounted during the past year. In May, 1922, Mr. Harris awarded a contract for the erection of the Bell School for $118,345, or about 38 cents per cubic foot, Recently he called for bids for a new building at Rock Creek Church road and Spring road, using the plans drawn for the Bell School. The lowest estimate received was $147.- 000, or an increase of more than $27.000, making the Dprice per cubic foot today 47 cents. $130,000 Appropriated. The amount made available by Congress for this Spring road school is 130,000. It was, therefore, im- possible to let a contract, since the plans could not be so revised as to eliminate $17,000 worth of work. “Manifestly, as the bids wers based on exactly .the same building. the increase was due entirely to the increase in the cost of building. I recommended the rejection of tho bids and advised waiting for better market conditions,” said Mr. Harris. “In this connection, it is interest- ing to note the last report of the bu- Teau of statistics, in which the state- ment is made that the average cost of building in June, 1920, was 416-10 er cent higher than in Decemby 914, und June of this yesr it w $14-10 per cent higher than in 191 These disclosures by Mr, Harris are timely, since-tle CommiAsioners are about to go before the bureau of the budget to demonstrate the need for larger appropriations ~for school bulldings as well as for other mu- nuicipal operations. The muniicipal architect also com- plains of the inadequacy of most of the sites that have been selected for school buildings. Playgrounds Lacking. “It is deplorable,” he said, “that most of our public schools do mnot have sufficient ground for play space, nor are the buildings provided with proper landscape settings. In fact, most of the schools have little more than the public parking, which, with the very limited playground space, makes it impossible to properly con- trol the children and prevent them from playing in the parking spaces in front of the school. The result of this is generally a very disreputable- looking approach to the school. “If adequate playground space be furnished at the rear or sides of the schools, and it were possible to set the bullding well back from the build- ing line, much more attractive ap- proaches could be.designed.” Mr,, Harris declared he is of the opinion that no grade school should have a site less than one city block, with even larger sites for high schools. The architect characterizes as un- satisfactory the present method of obtaining appropriations for additions to existing school buildings. Most of the old eight-room bulldings, he says, are heated by hot alr, requiring two furnaces in_different’ parts of the building. When the first addition of four or eight rooms is made it usual- 1y is heated by another separate plant. If a third addition is made, the archi- tect continued, a fourth heating unit may be the result. Generally, Mr. Harris says, the ap- propriation for an addition is specific, in that it rarely provides for a cen- tral heating plant. The auditor has ruled that no part of an appropria- tion for an addition may be used to remodel the heating plant of the old building. CONVICTS KILL GUARD. WOUND FOUR OTHERS Foiled in Escape Effort, Kentucky Prisoners Barricade Selves in Dining Room. By the Associated Press. EDDYVILLE, Ky., October 3.—The most desperate attempt to force a break-out ever staged by convicts in the history of the Eddyville peniten- tiary occurred here early today, when four men, led by Monte Walters, al- leged Loulsville murderer, who had produred arms in some way, opened fire on the guards, killing one and wounding four. The convicts tried to get out the main way, but were deflected and took refuge in the dining room. They are cornered there and are keeping up & battle with the forty guards and townspeople who have the place sur- ded. TOhe guards are firing constantly on the convicts, and unless they sur- render all will be slain. The convicts are shooting back at the guards at | every opportunity. TO PROBE JAPAN QUAKE. Society Proposes to Design Shock- | Proof Buildings. NEW YORK, October 8.—The Amar- ican Society of €ivil Engineers has announced that with the aid of other organizations here and abroad, it '|f|‘ undertake an Investigation of the Japanese eartlighake with a view o designing and constfucting quakes proof bulldi ngs. 3