Evening Star Newspaper, September 17, 1923, Page 6

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THE EVENING STAR, With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY....September 17, 1023 THEODORE W. NOYES........Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office, 11th St. and Ivania Ave. Buropean Om: 16 Regent St .lflofilflfl The Eve tar, with the Sunday morning edition, ‘d‘el Ve'red' 'by carriers within the city @t 80 cents per month; dal nly, 45 ee: month; Bunday only. 20 cents per monih ders may be sent by mall, or tele) $000. Collection is made by cal each month, Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. hone Main 3 jers at the end of AD Other States. Sunday..1 yr., $10.00: 1.mo.. 83¢ y.. -1yr., $7.00: 1 mo.. 80c yr.. $3.00: 1 mo. 35 Member of the Associated Press, The Associated Press je excinsively emtitled fo the ‘wse for republicalon of all news dis atehes credited to it or ot otherwise credited paper anc aiso ocal news Ished herein, Al rights of publication of re also reserved epecial dispatches berein Dafly and Dally onl; Wundar only... Martial Law in Oklahoma. The issue between constitutional government and the Ku Klux Klan has been joined in Oklahoma, and we shall see whether a state {s to be ruled by its duly clected officers or by or- ganized mobs, masked and hooded. We shall see whether laws for the protection of persons and property are to be enforced by men chosen for that purpose in conformity with the constitution of a state or by disguised and irresponsible men. Several days ago the Governor of Oklahoma warned that he would call out the militia and put under martial law those parts of the state where the Klan, in mask, hood and gown, should attempt to hold public meetings or parades. The chief of the Klan in Oklahoma seemed to bow ungracious- ly to the decision, and other klansmen said that they would lay aside the “regalia” and bide their time till next election to settle their score against the gévernor. The warning of the governor was not heeded, and it has been necessary to call out the National Guard and put the state under martial law, Troops have been posted in many places, the sale of firearms and ammunition has been prohibited, deadly weapons may be carried only under -permit from military authorities and public as- semblies and the publication of ar- ticles tending to incite mob violence ere prohibited. Gov. Walton says: “The power of this criminal organization must be de- stroyed.” Based on testimony taken by a military court he says that hun- dreds of men, and even women, have been severely beaten, and that the Ku Klux Klan is responsible. He further says that “The invisiblo -empire has usurped the powers of the state gov- ernment,” and that the organization is held in such fear that while as many as 150 people have been present at the flogging of men and women no mention of the crime has beén made by the spectators or even by the local newspapers. It 1s well to have the question set- tled, and to find out whether a state can be ruled by "fle”‘“ organization whose aims seéem te be criminal and whose activities are surely provoca- tive of disorder and crime. If the #tate of Oklahoma cannot adequately deal with the situation it is probable that the national authority will be called on by the governor. There is no place fn America for an organization which would take the law into its own hands, and it is es- pecially obnoxious when it seeks to do this behind .masks and at night. The Klan claims to be patriotic and to represent high national ideals, but any body of hoodlums and criminals can make that claim. An organization must be judged by its works. The charges made by the Governor of Oklahoma seem to condemn the Klan. It does not seem possible that the executive of a state would make the charges without satlsfactory evidence. It is known that in several parts of the country the assemblies and proces- stons of this order have led to dis- order. R ‘When people pay over a million dol- lars to see a prize fight a doubt must arise as to whether the public is really a8 anxious to save its money as corres spondents who sign themselves “Tax- payer” and “Vox Popull” would have us believe. —————— The Annual School Congestion. Sixty thousand pupils, it is estimat- ed, will report today for school, far more than can be'accommodated in ‘the buildings now ready and available. ‘Withla the course of the next fort- night this number will increase until possibly 70,000 will have been enrolled. A little relief will come later, when certain buildings that are now under construction will be put in commis- slon, but these will not take care of the excess of pupils over rooms and desks. This is the same situation that has prevailed at school opening for years, perhaps Intensified now over former times. The plain fact is that Wash. ington’s school equipment is falling behind the increase of population. ‘With all the expedients of portable buildings and double-time classes and half-time shifts it has been impossible to keep the average of pupils per bullding' down to the point of efficient instruction. These conditions are due to the lack of @ comprehensive, preressive bulld. ing program that will care for the annual increases and take care of the arrears—the expenditure of sev- cral million dollars—fifteen millions have beern estimated as reprasenting the immediate need—on a series of bullding constructions. From dbssion to session of Congress this matter has been debated, and various plans have been proposed for school construction programs. But no step has been def- initely taken, and the appropriations have remained upon the annual al- lotment basls without appreciably, if at all, reducing the margin between current needs and facilities. ', Not half a dozen, but & score of new schoolhouses are urgently. required today. There is & difference of opinion 23 to the best practice In providing tchoo! bufldings, whether to erect T 3 i -~ small ones freely scattered through and his retinue came to the United the District, or larger ones in central States and visited Wi of- positions. The tendency is toward the ficlally he wa¢ only Barom Renfrew, larger schoolhouse as inore economi- | but to all the yeople he was the Prince cally administered. of Wales. The interest ke aroused was Many cf the older bufldings of then and later commen’ed on as curi- ‘Washington are out of date, illy adapt- | ous in the republic of republics. ed to school work, in some cases bare. | Many of our people talked much of ly sanitary. They are badly located, | the effete monarchies of Burope, the with inadequate play spaces, some of absurdity of the divine right of kings, them wholly lacking in recreation | the unreasonableness of hereditary | ground, the children being forced to governors and royal families and of !take their exercise in the traffic-|the glories of representative govern- crowded streets. ment and republic institutions. Many The subject of a general survey of of our people had never forgiven Eng- school needs is perennially advanced; 'land for the stamp act and the tea ed and some broad plans proposed.|rebellion of her North American But always there comes the check be- | colonics. They had not forgiven her ! tween intention and action, and from for her part in the war of 1812-15. We Congress to Congresa this subject is had other points of complaint against | postponed. At the last Congress a|her. A large part of our people ap- joint committee went into the subject | plauded with enthusiasm and delight of the school needs, both physical and | when a politician would twist the royal { legislative, and a tentative report was | lion's tail. prepared. But no action was taken. But, just the same, the population of 1 It is possible to take up the subject Can Europe Hold Together? IV—Inflation and Deflation: Twin Brothers in Crime BY JOHN F. SINCLAIR. Dr. Adolph Helfer is one of the @reat physiclans of Vienna. He was |born in America. His family lived in | St. Louls. In 1912 his father died and {left him 850,000, which was sent to Inim in Vienna. prudent man. He deposited _the and recelved 3 per cent interest an- nually. I met Dr. Helfer in Vienpa a few weeks ago. He had not taken a dollar, elther principal or Interest, from the original fund. He was hop- ing for an old age free of worry. Then we figured up what his $50,001 was worth in the summer of 1923. It came to exactly $3.16. The money has quietly slipped away—disap- Ho was a careful, | |afresh at the coming Congress with the work of the former committee, re- garded as “unfinished business,” though the authority for the inquiry | must be given anew. But, with no assurance of better resnlts next time, hope is not high that definite relief will be granted by the adoption of a comprehensive building program that will annually cere for the current in- creascs and materially rcduce the ar- rears. Still there is always an expectation that Congress in its capacity as the legislature of the District will even- tually make this necessary provision for public education at the seat of government. The Fundamental Law. One hundred and thirty-six years 2go today the constitutional conven- tion adjourned its sessions in Philadel- phia which had begun on the 2d of June, 1787. During those 109 days these two score delegates from the different states debated the question of framing a fundamental law for the government of the new republic. It | was necessary to establish a federal administration upon ‘a definite and practical basis. The articles of con- | federation had proved a fallure. The great experiment in self-government was at a crisis. 7. was a most difficult task that these delegates undertook, and the product of their deliberation was a compromise. Extremely oppo- site views had to be met and adjusted.| ! Widely divergent theories of govern- ment had to be brought into harmony. But through the wisdom and patience and skill of those who led in that great debate. a result was achieved that stands as one of thé highest achievements of man, en instrument of government which has stood.the test of nearly fourteen decades. This week is now being marked throughout the country by observ- ances appropriate to the anniversary of the Constitution. By public exer- cises and ceremonies the fact is being brought home to the people of the country that the Constitution still lives in virtually the form of its adop- tion 136 years ago by the Philadelphia ¢convention. President Coolidge has stated in a letter written for this occasion that the Constitution is not self-perpetuat- ing. It must be sustained by the sup- port of the people. If it is disregarded it fails. Enforcement of the Constitu- tion depends upon the regard of the | country for the fundamental law. If the Constitution is nullifiled in any one particular it may be nullified in Others. Disregard of the regularly es- tablished methods of change, modifi- cation by neglect, annuiment by un- *( punished lawlessness are revolution- jary reactions. So far in the course of the 138 years the Constitution has withstood such moves for irregular amendment or nullification, and there is no reason to look for any departure in the future from this course of law observance and support of the basic principles of government. Public welfare demands the fullest understanding by all the people of not only the provisions but the meaning of the Constitution. It is the purpose of those who have promoted this coun- try-wide observance of the anniver- sary to carry forward the study of the Constitution so that it will be appre- ciated by all citizens, and by the young who will form the next genera. tion of citizens. It is essential that the nature of this govérnment, as expressed in the work of the convention of 1787, should be understood by all who ‘cbme from other lands to find opportunity here. The Constitution is thé most impor- tant of all the texts in the “Ameri- canization” schools in which these newcomeérs and their children are tought the fundamentals of citizen- ship. Dempsey and Firpo cannot both be ) champions. But they can both refer i to their profits as evidence that they are successful business men. Friends of Gov. Pinchot regard a vice presidential boom as enough to | start with at this early stage of the | proceedings. | Germany has many good proverbs, { but advice about not taking bad money 1 was not sufficiently emphasized. Baron Renfrew. The Prince of Wales is having his troubles, his receptions and his fetes i in Canada, even though he visits the | Dominion as simple Baron Renfrew. | It was given out that the prince would | travel under that humble title that he lmight avold those attentions which { loyal subjects and curious persons de. | light to rénder. Ft was suspected by many persons that the plan would not work. The Prince of Wales is the Prince of Wales, by whatever other name he may be called. He must sub- mit to seleptions and cheers. A prince of a great empire is al- ways an appealing spectacle to great numbers of people, and the helr to Britain’s throne is a particul strong- drawing attraction. He is a headliner among princes. Old Ameri- cans will recall, and other Americans have read, that the Erince of Wales came to America in the summer of 1860, and that he came not as the Prince of Wales but as Baron Ren- trew. - Liké ‘thie present prince, his jrandson, he landed In Canada. By invitation of President Buchianan he Washington and other American cities | pogred—and Dr. Halfor found himselt | jammed the streets to get a look at the Prince of Wales, and among our “best soclety” there was almost riot to obtain cards to receptions given the distinguished traveler. Nobody seemed to speak of him as Baron Renfrew, and few persons knew anything about that baron. He was the Prince of ‘Wales. That prince became King Ed- ward VIL ot e Aviation Carnival. ‘While Washington people have be- come familiar with the hum and drone of aerial cars, and have seen count. less airplanes scudding through the sky, they are soon to have an aviation show such as has never before been staged in the air of the Capital, and it is belleved that they will be given the biggest aviation spectacle that has ever been scen in the new world, and perhaps greater than any air meet ever held in' peace time In the old world. It is announced that an air carnival will be held at Bolling Field on September 22 for the benefit of the Army Relief Soclety, an organization which provides rellef for widows and relief and education of orphans of sol- diers of the Regular Army. Planes and equipment from other flying fields will be brought to Washington, and many celebrated pilots will take part. All the arts of flylng will be shown. There will be bombing of objects on the ground, large formation fiying, ex- hibitions of attack and counter attack in the sky and fancy flying. Benefit carnivals are to be held at other flying fields and at a number of Army posts, but the Washington aviation carnival, according to the promise of the bird- men, is to be more imposing than any other, and the news of this affair will be spread about the country. Millions of people sitting before the screen will see pictures of the spectacle. Wash- ington is the place of the biggest shows in America. et In the event of universal disarma- ment the prohibition authoritles will have no navy to assist them, and it may be as well to get into early prac- tice for meeting the conditions of a beatific future. ————————— So far the only positive guaranteés exchanged by Poincare and Streseman are to the effect thut the interchange of ideas will be conducted on strict lines of diplomatic politeness. ———————— The widespread reputation of being the wealthiest country in the world may have its influence on the wishes of soviet statesmen to remodel the government of the U. 8. A. s Mussolini is a fearless man, but also a man of intelligence, who may be ex- pected to hesitate about trying to handle all kinds of trouble at once. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. ‘Weather Prophecy. ‘Well have a little thunder and we'll have a little rain. We'll hear the window rattle as the chilly winds complain, ‘We'll havé a little snowstorm with the drifts so white and high, And clouds above like ogres scaring Summer from the sky. We'll have a little freezing that will make us hug the fire, While we view the lonely landscape that we'd formerly admire. ‘We'll have a little while of weary wait. ing, day by day, And then we'll have the Sunshine and the Blossoming of May! The Talkative Dollar, “I want to give something to your campaign fund,” remarked Mr. Dus- tin Stax. “I can’t permit such a thing,” ex- claimed Senator Sorghum. “Money talks, and unless you watch it closely it's liable to start a campaign scan- dal Jud Tunkine says the way to boost your home town is to show the world that it's making an honest citizen of you. “Happy As a King.” “I am as bappy as a king,” ‘We heard a cynic caroling. “By various cares I am perplexed. 1 don’t know what will happen next. I try to do my very best, But crities interrupt my rest. ‘As happy as a king,’ no doubt, You'll all admit I'm just about.” Economic Peril. “Dancing masters are golng to bring back the old-fashioned waltz. “I'd hate to see it happen,” replied Miss Cayenne. “There is enough un- employment without throwing a mul- titude of jazz musicians out of work. Superficial Demonstration. ‘Your boy Josh seems to have taken @ sudden interest in running the farm.” “Don't pay no ‘tention to him, ‘whispered Fafmer Corntossel. “His mother’s ambitious for him to go into politics. He's only tryin’ to fool the ‘public,’ “Profanity holding an empty sack. That is what inflation does. Mr. Jonas Leid is president of the North Germanla Fire Insurance Com- pany of Berlin. 1 called on him in the summer of 1923 to find out why the German insurance companies were not getting along well. He had been thirty years in the business. He took me to the window of his office. “Do you seo that business block over there?” he said. “In 1913 our com- pany placed a loan of $600,000 on that bullding, payable in ten years at 6 per cent annual interest. At that time the building_and grounds were worth $1,200,000. We thought it a choice loan. A few gays ago the loan was paid off. Our $600,000 had shrunk to just $12. Perhaps that will help you seo tho difficulties we are working under. It wi Just another tombstone among the millions now in the grave- yard of inflation. * % * 2 Inflation in & natlon is caused when government credit comes from any other source than from the savings of the investor. So & rise of prices during a war is caused by the de- mands of the government and the in- creased supply of credit currency. Inflation results from a lowering of the ratio of the volume of goods to the volume of money. If the volume of money in circulation increases more rapidly than the volume of goods produced, prices are bound to rise. This has always been true and it has been known for hundreds of vears. In the preceding article we saw how inflation debaucmed the currency and broke the machinery for Inter- national trade. While inflation al- ways means higher prices it also means lower real wages. This lag of wages behind prices makes prof- iteering possible. When profits are made at the expense. of wages It means that the laborer -bears the blunt of the wi and the war prof- iteer clinches his gains by investing them in wer loans, preferably. tax- cxempt securities. The real contribu- tion made by the workers of a nation in a_war does not show itself pri- marily in the amount of liberty loans which they 'purchase, but in the amount by which wages lag behind prices. The burden of a modern war therefore falls upon a class least able to bear It Income is shifted from the hard-working, thrifty wage own- eor to the careless profiteer. Inflation is an unrecognized form of taxation,” which falls upon those with fixed in- comes from labor and Investment. It is an income tax on the salaried class, and a capital levy tax on the bond- owner and the savin bank deposi- tor. And while Inflation do prices and stimulate production and reduce consumption by cutting real ncrease tentative inquiries have been conduct. tax, and for trying to put down the | $50,000 in a savings bank In Vienna [ Wages, it is after all a gigantic gov- ernment swindle—a geliberate theft— for it cold bloodedly takes the earn- ings and wealth from one class and glves it to another. It picks the pocket of the creditor class and hands the loot over to the debt-owing class. EE This finangial oplum, given to a weary anq dislllusioned people, can only mean that natlon’s debauch and destruction. It can have no place in any well ordered society, either in peace or in war. It is the very an- tithesis of national health. It is the cruel and terrible messenger of so- cial death. Modern soclety must destroy the institution of inflation or inflation will destroy modern soclety. l What has been said about inflation applies with equal force to deflation. It results in taking property from the debtor class and putting it in the pocket of the creditor class. It i1s just the reverse of inflation. After idisease has destroyed the right arm, it is of no use to demand that the {left arm be also cut off. That is exactly what the policy of deflation | means. When the increase in the volume of goods becomes greater than the increase of money. prices de. crease, depression sets in. unemploy. ment grows and deflation results. In- come withers. With less money to with the more goods become cheap and money dear. In particular after a great war, deflation favors the cred. itors of the state, those to whom the state s owing money on bonds at the expense of the taxpayer. 1f_the French government borrows ten billions of dollars on a 5 per cent basis, when the French franc is worth one quarter of what it will be worth when the franc is defiated. or brought back to par, it is very ciear that the owners of these government bonds will be repald more than they lent to the government in terms of and the taxpayer, thte debtor case, will pay more to the government than he should in terms of goods. LR The money income of individuals falls under deflation, while the |amourit which the creditor of the state recelves remains the same. It is seen, therefore, that the policy of deflation is as ruinous and at the |same time as futile In restoring health to a nation as that of its viclous counterpart, inflation. Both must go. Organized soclety must soon make the eupreme choice. either to throw forever into the discard these twin brothers of social crime, inflation and deflation, or face the inevitable break down of modern industrial life as we now understand it. Next: England’s problem. (Cgpyright, 1928, tn United States and Grest a Britaln by North American Newspaper Al- lance. All rights reserved.) WASHINGTON -OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE President Coolidge 15 going through what politicians call the honeymoon stage of a new chief executive's career, Customarily, it is “ros roses, all the way’ during these maiden weeks and months at the ‘White House. The atmosphere fairly reeks good will. Statesmen of high und low degree come away from initial audiences with a new Presi- dent singing his praises in a major key, prophesying an administration of unalloyed euccess and generally rhapsodizing over his personality, peerless intentions and unclouded prospects. Few Presidents have had to wait long before the diapason melted Into an anvil chorus. If Calvin Coolidge continues to tread the path of concord, he will indeed deserve the reputation of being the Huckiest man who ever achleved the presidency. * ¥k E Three of the oouncil of ambas- sadors at Paris, in whose hands the settlement of the Greco-Italian squab- ble rests, once were on duty at Wash- ington. They are tho venerable Jules Cambon of France, who pre- sides over the council; Viscount Ishil of Japan. and Baron Avezanna of Italy. Mr. Herrick, the Ameri- can ambagsador, s entitled to “s't in" at councll proceedings as an un- official observer, but he'is holidaying in the United States during the pres- ent unpleasantness. %% %% Mrs. Coolidge, being an uncommon- ly sensible mother, has decreed that her two boys, who are returning to Mercersburg Academy, Pennsylvanis, for school in & few days, shall not be spoiled by unpdue publicity. As the “first boys of the land,” John and Calvin Coolidge, jr., have achieved news-column and photographic fam: along with their parents. There | sudden curiosity to learn all about their fads and foibles, their school customs and predilections, their prow- ess or otherwise at athletics and a host of other things. As far as pos- sible the White House youngsters are to be kept out of the limelight. A level-headed headmaster, Dr. Wil- liam Mann Irvine, conducts Mercers- burg, and he may be relied upon to isee that the wishes of President and Mrs. Coolidge are carried out. L By a curious coincldence—and per- haps not—three celebrated but de- posed European prime ministers will have been in the United States within a year. The procession of distin- guished “exes” was led last Decem- ber by Georges Clemenceau of France. There is now with us Herr Dr. Wil- helm Cuno, late chancellor of Ger- many. Presently there will land on these shores David Lloyd George, premier of Britain from 1916 to 1922. Clemenceau thus far is the only one to admit freely and frankly that he headed for America on a propagand: mission. Cuno has come, he says, to talk shipping with his American part- s t and adroit song to ver quen! oty ng key attu o * % ¥ % This week at Chicago there'll be a more im- portant to human life than either of national convention far the quadrennial powwows of the political parties. It is a meeting of the National Association of Taxlicad Companies, and how to promote safe- ty in the streets of 119 oities rep- resented 1s ‘the main partment in the convention 48 lice de 5 to_attend guests and take part in discussion | of uniform safety laws. John Boobar of Washington is president of the natfonal assoclation. P 4 Insiders allege thay Washingts missed the point of Edsel Ford's re- cent visit to the capital with his, father for discussion of the Muscle Shoals proposition. Henry Ford is sald to be aware that If he secured | the government contract for the Ala- bama nitrate plant, be would auto- matically become debarred, as a fed- eral contractor, from public office. So, the wiseacres affirm, it has been de creed by the Detroit high command that title to Muscle Shoals shall be vested in Edsel Ford. That would leave Henry Ford in possession of the game without the name. * ok ok % There is a new game for the ante- room of the President’s office at the White House executive offices. It is called “Buzzards Bay,” after Grover Cleveland's favorite fishing place on Cape Cod, and acquired the title from the fact that patriots who want jobs EAST IS EAST BY FRANK 1. EDGES On the low hills and the flat stretch {of shore along'the head of Toklo bay that are now blackened ruins is to be reared a great city resembling the Capital eity of the new world. The new Tokio Is to be ltke Washington. Dispatches from across the Pacific tell how Japanese have looked at the world, have seen what was good and have chosen what they consider best as a model in rebuilding their own capital. It is typlical, so typical that it might almost be called imperative, of the Japan that has fought her way into the front rank of nations during the past half century. But the Idea of a city of broad thoroughfares, of white marble build- ings and of green parks and open spaces carries with it a note of plain- tive sadness for one who knew and loved the old Toklo, the city of nar- row streets, of drab, unpainted houses and of dirt. There is no intention to decry the beauty of Washington, but it seems pitiful that the old Tokio should perlsh. B o From the hilitop of the city dull gTay roofs stretched In very direc- tion as far as the eye could carry. Here and there a patch of green tree- tops stood out vividly like an island of color in the dry sea of monotone. Buildings, the sharp-edged structures of stone and brick that men used for offices, jutted upward like the fingers 1of some cubist model. Toklo was not a city of beauty from above. Neither was It lovely from the ground. Tt was merely an enormous background of neutral tinted gray- ness. Etched against this sober dull- ness, with all the quick eagerness of the color prints of Hiroshige or Hokusal, was seen a little child in brilllant hued kimono, green branches of a drooping pine tree bending down to kiss blue water, a glimpse of Fu- Jiyama through a bower of cherry blossoms or the graceful lines of the severely simple toril of the Shinto faith. Along the many miles of bay fron and between the low banks of thr Sumida river queerly shaped junks with strange fantastic sails moved in and out among squat steamers belch ing smoke. Green gardens filled witt iflowers broke the long line of wharves | and factories. One section, known as Tsukijl, had a boulevard along the bund “on which there fronted old English manor houses and the spires of churches, the “settlement” Japar first gave to forelgners within he capital. Great bridges made of stee! and concrete spanned the Sumida where once had been graceful arches made of wood. * % % % Between the bay front and the firs low-lying hills was a flat level stretch threaded by numerous twisting, tide water canals, that was the business cen ter. The Ginza, that long street whic! reflected in miniature the whole life and growth of the empire since the days of Perry, paralleled the curvin’ line of the bay a few blocks inland Little shops of wood, whose fronts were lifted out by day, stood here and therr but their neighbors were tall buildinzs boastful of the strides Japan had med in modern wavs of life. The Bridge o° Japan, center of the empire that the shoguns knew, was still the vortex o’ the nation. 'Department stores anc banks, office buildines and vast ware hovses, markets and factories clster ed about the Nihombashi. as did the street merchants and {tinerant artists ir other dmvs. - A _triple _moat and gray stone wall§"incloded the enormous erounds n* the imperial palace, heme of the mikado a epot venerated by all Japanese. Gov ernment buildings, most of them imita tive of America or Europe, &tood nea- the palace. As the hills rose from the flat stretch they were covered with th homes of millions. Little wooden house~ ifke those built centuries ago were in terspersed with an occasfonal mansior copied from abroad, but everywhere the rn_ bulldings, whether homes or sleyscrapers or government depar‘ments formed stranee. inconernous siehts. fo- the old Toklo was pre-eminently a Japanese city * ¥ % And now this is to be changed. Th- new city that is to front the bay of ‘Tokio is to be ke Washington. Broad streets and boulevards are to be cut through the ruined district. and fron thelr sidewalks will rear white marbl structures, tall buildines of brick and steel homes iike the homes of this city a city lovel of heauty ic and their officlal backers must run the stern gauntlet of Secretary Slemp before admission to the throne room. (Copyright, 1923.) “Courting” Costs More Than in “Good Old Days” Tt costs more to get the girl now than it did in the “good old days.” The cost of “courting” has arisen in common with all other necessities, and today the man who seeks a maid |4 for a life partner must face the alter- native of spending a lot of money or having trouble in making the deal. Once the cost of courting was insig- nificant. A few dollars spent in buggy rides, a box of candy now and then, (and candy in those days did not cost a dollar a pound), an occa- lonal glass of soda water of the foamy kind, and some lemonade at the community picnic generally suf- ficed to bring the matrimonial deal to the point 'vhere a $10 ring would be the only thing lacking. The girl of today who would let herself be courted and won on a $25 expenditure would be an object of pity to her sister flappers. The fig- ure now would run into the hundreds and then the girl would be counted 2 bargain if the youth was sufficiently in love to throw economy to the winds.—Anniston Star. In a Few Words. As a Britisher, I don’t like my na- tion belng snubbed out of Europe. A nation which depends upon credit cannot afford to be discredited In the | world. LIOYD GEORGE. jermany is really very rich. Her financiers have created a fake bank- rupt situation hoping for leniency rom her creditors. CRITTENDEN ADAMS ‘The convulsions of central Europe ind the conditions of Internal politics 4| cause me to say that France will h;valg" a king within_two years ~—CHARLES MAURRAS. It is-tihe for some one to confront the problems of the nation and at- tempt to solve them without thought of “How does it affect m ~—SENATOR JAMES COUZENS. Resistance in the Rubr Is only ad- visable so long as It compatibls with m“'lntarelu of Germany's o lite. ~—CHANCELLOR CUNO. Education is but the mirror of the time.’ Its power is lmited to the ::h l: lon. the desires of ¥ SFree. MACCRACKEN (Vassar). L .mmuwh snol ', which means alw: being afrald of what somebody clse might. think of you. =—QOL. inherent “in ' the Jananese. The firs* copies of western architecture made b+ Japan were not lovely, but at that time the Japanese did mot trust their owr frdsment in foreien taste and copled blindly. They have since learned te chnose ‘and reject. Fneineers and architects will be bor- rowed from this nation. and the work of rebuilding will go forward with fe erish haste. The cost will be borne uncomplaininely. since Japan will know that it is an investment and not @ mere expenditnre. The energv that wae thrown Into the creation of one of the ereatest navies of the world will be erted to the re-creation of the capital. . * k% % Japan will have a new background one, perhaps, more in keeping with th Japan of today, but one that will lack much of the quaint charm and appea' of the old, despite its new-made love- liness. The fascination of the narro dirty streets, throneed by gay children tumbling over one another, will be zone Parks and playgrounds will be filled bv them, but not the streets. Instead of tiny open shops with bright colored silks fluttering in the breeze. goods will be sold across counters inside of stores. Sclence and orderliness are soon to re place the old picturesque higgledy-plg gledy. ‘It is a progressive step forward and as such ls to be prafsed and wel- comed. but because old things become endeared through their very agée there I8 a panz in seeing the Tokio of other days pass permanently from the face of the earth. Wild Life in Roadhouses Cause of Much Crime It is commonly difficult for steady~ Boing citizens to get excited or indig- nant over crimes committed In that | questionable rural resort, the road- house. When one reads of the rob- bing or fleecing of a galaxy of “soci- ally prominent” or otherwise notable indlviduals—absurdly enough, persons with educated tastes in moonshine jazz are tacitly assumed now- ays to be “prominent” in either society or business—at a motor resort near a big city the temptation arises |in an orderly mind to dismiss the jaffair with a_trite phrase about the rapid rl.rtlnx of the fool and his bankroll. But that is not an adequate way to deal with one of the hardest corime problems of the period. wlessness which fails to' arouse public Indignation is the most dan- gerous kind of all. The bootlegging Toadhouses despise and disregard the law and do their best to cheapen it in the eyes of others. They use for | their purpose the healthy temptations !of a ride In the country air, hunger and a desire for gayety. That is the 1die f the situation. The country districts around the big cities must take steps to police themselves better, both by demanding real service from their present agen- cles for law enforcement and by es- tablishing better y m| ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN i ¢ Q What six paintings in the Cor- coran Art Gallery make the strongest appeal to visitors?—N., M. V. A. The Corcoran Art Gallery says that ‘among those making a strong ppeal to the general public are “The Helping Hand,” by Emile Renout; “Lost Doge” by Otto von Thore: “Charlotte Corday in Prison” by Charles Louis Muller; “Interior of a Cottag Night,’ of Are,” by Jean Jacques Henner. Q. Does the Japanese w méan ship of sieamsnini—0. B, T A. The Japanese embassy says that maru ‘means Steamship. > It i ‘obe viously incorrect to speak of the ‘steamship Tatsu Maru, | i we& xVhlo”wls trhehflril President who citizen of the U Ty en of nited States by A. The total area of what was known as the “northwest territory” contained 773,072,640 equare miles, Tt was divided January 1, 1920, into three provisional districts, Frankiin, Mackensie and Kewaten. This last district is at present partly unchart- ;dl . extends toward the north ole. Q. What is the size of the mothers® pensions paid states that Sien Taws PG, B & i T A. At the beginnfng of 1922 the smallest pension paid to mothers In ‘ny state providing pensions for a single child was $10 & month, and the highest $25 a month. The pension ale lowed for each additional child also varies from $5 to $15 a month. Many states fix a maximum sum which a mo;gsr may recelve, ranging from $40 ) to o » Q. In playing vingt-et-un with dice at what number should one “stand”? —A. H. L. Only one die is used. The die is A. President Tyler was the first President of the United. States o was not born a British subject. It is an interesting fact that this tech- Mc-llyhflranmmel;l‘can ‘President was a member of e Confed, 2 8 at the time of his death, = 0 Q. Is it true that more laborers the United States last year than '1:':; recelved here as immigrants?—o. N. A. During the year 1922 32,788 la- borers were admitted to the United States. while 100,068 laborers left the United States. i | Q. Is Mexico engaged In any rec- lamation projects?—E. M A. According to J. W. Kelly, in the great Yaqui valley, there 15 a $15 000,000 irrigation project under way. Mexico also has a $20,000,000 railway project in progress between Tepic ~nd Guadalajara, and at Juarez, the government is constructing a million- dollar customhouse and post office. Q. What are the sources of the pri- vate fortune of the ex-emperor of Germany?—G. F. A. Kur Heinlg of the majority so- ~failst body mado a report estimating the private fortune of the ex-emperor to be over §12,000,00¢, from the fol- 'owing sources: Stock market dealing, investments in the Hamburg-Ame: ican steamship line and German Elec tric Company. personal loa Kruppe, over $2,000,000 in mortgages 'n Berlin homes, 600,000,000 marks in German war bonds, the income from fifteen estates, production of 500,000 iuarts of brandy for public eale vearly. Q. What ls the new fruit that is a r(rsschti({ween a peach and some nut? A. The peachmond is a new fruit eported from Mexico as a hybrid be- ween the peach and almond. Q. Of what does the “northwest grritory” ‘of Canada consist?—A. L. Abbotsford, Sir Wal Occupied by His G 1Y THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. Abbotsford, near Molrose Abley, the ~icturesque Scottish home of Sir Wal- r Scott of Waveriy Novel fame. nd which is the bourne of so many flgrimages’ from this eide of the At- antle, has, since last week, a new master In the person of his great- reat-grandson and heir, Gen. Wal! Maxwell Scott, who won the distin- cuished service order in France luring the great war, and who Is a eteran of the Boer campalgn of a (uarter of a century ago. Queen Vic oria, who was one of the greatest 'dmirers of the Waverly novels, and who treated Gen. Scott's mother with he most marked favor, had assurcd “er at the time of the general's birth hat when he attained his twenty-first ear she would bestow a knighthood r baronetcy upon him 8o as to ‘e vive the title of Sir Walter Scott. But. ‘or some reason or other, she passed rway without fulfilling this pledge 'nd. thus far, in spite of his distin- :uished military services. hc has re- mained without a handle to’ his name. * ok o ok It may be recalled that Sir Walter Seott's daughter married John Lok hart, the historian. They had three hildren, the youngest of whom: Charlotte, married James Hope, who, by act of Parliament, took the name 'f Hope-Scott, when she nherited Ab- otsford. Mr. and Mrs. Hope-Scott's -ldest daughter and heiress of Ab- »otstord, married, In 1874, the Hon. Toseph Maxwell, a younger brother of “he late Lord Herries of Everingham Park, and he then obtained the per- mission of the crown to style him- self Maxwell-Scott of Abbotsford. He survived his wife for several years 1nd_has just passed away at Abbots- ford. leaving his son, Gen. Walter Scott, D. 0., to succeed both to the name of Scott and to the Abbottsford estate. It is a lovely place on the south banks of the Tweed, three miles to he west of Melrose Abbey, and well known that any further descriy. fon thercof would be superfluous. But it suffers from the disadvantage of the absence of privacy. Peopie| come from all parts of the world ts visit the home of the author of the Waverly novels. and it is estimatad hat some ten or fifteen thousand strangers are shown through the place every vear. It is felt that it would be unfair to deprive them of the satisfaction of inspecting Ab- hotsford and all ite relics of the great ruthor. Yet the constant presence of strangers (s extremely trying to the, accupants and it {8 this, indeed, that led the widowed Marchioness of Bute ‘o terminate her tenancy of Abbots- ford, after she had taken it on a' vear's lease. | The library where Scott worked is <till_left very much as it was durlng | his lifetime, ‘with his own spectacie: his father's snuff box. his pocket knifo and Napoleon's| Slotter and gold bee clasps found in; carriage after the Battle of | Waterloo on his desk. Otker reiles In this room arc the sword of the great Lord Montrose and the gun of “Rob Roy,” as well as the br of Helen MacGregor. the famous outlaw’s de- woted wife. There is also the pocket- book of Fiora MacDonald, heroine of the romance of the escape of Charles Stuart, the young pretender, also the Wallace chair, made of wood from ! Rob Royston, the sc-ne of Wallace's | betrayal, and a fo'Ming desk made; trom a piece of wreckage of the Span- | ish armada. L The late Joseph Maxwell-Scott and ' his wife—that, is to say, the parents| of the general, who is now become the | new master of Abbotsford, were, twenty years ago, frequent visitors to the United States, among thelr most intimate friends being the Elllot Roosevelts. The late Mrs. Maxwell- Scott's mother died while she was to the' jof passed from player to player, each throwing it as often as he pleas unless he passes twenty-one. It i8¢ usually considered discreet to stand at eighteen. The one getting nearest twenty-one without passing beyond is the winner. Q. Has there ever been a raee of real glants in the world?—L. B. A. Legends and traditions that have been handed down of giant races hav- ing inhabited the earth in remote and prehisteric times have been dis- counted by scientific Investigations. Q. Who gets the larger salary—the Vice President or the mayor of New York city?—B A. The Vice President recelves §12,- 000 and the mayor of New York city $15,000. Q. Is the name teetotum new?—J. J. A. This toy 1s very old. Originally it was used for games of chance, wes four-sided, and on one side bore the letter T, standing for the Latin to- tum (all), meaning tako all the stakes. Q. Did, the Amerigan delegates :’ the oconference on llmftation of arm: ment recelve many letters from peo- ple expressing opinfons on the subject of armament?— H. A. The New Republic says that the ,extent to which public opinfon ex- pressed itself to the American dele- | gates was Indicated by the 13,500,000 |messages received in Washington. Q. How man the world?—P. A. It is estimated that there are about 6,000.000 miners throughout the world. 3.800.000 of these being coal {miners ‘and others engaged in the yjmlners are there In 1various other kinds of mining. (Send your questions to The Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Has- kin. director, 1220 North Capntol street. Inclose 2 cents in stamps for réturn postage.) ter Scott’s Home, reat-Great-Grandson their first presentation, but to which the debutante was in no wise entitled. Arew he- toward Fer and kissed her on both cheeks, exc'aiming, “There's all we have left of Sir Walter.” She bore a considerahle resemblance to her d'stinguished great-grandfather, and has the same drooping blue eyed looking out from beneatt a wide. fu brow, and was €0 much likeChantrey's head of the novelist. that she might have served as Its model. Shc was a 4 gifted writer, edited the last and best cdition of Walter's Diary.” was 2 frequent contributor to Harper's and other American magazines and_the author of “Incidénts in Scottixh His- tory,” “The Making of Abbotsford” and several other popular books. Gen. Walter Scott, her son, whe is married to a daughter of the late! Col. Stewart MacDouxall of -Lunge, in Argylishire, by whom he has a lit- tle daughter, has only a very remote chance of succeeding to the ancient Herrles peerage, of which his father's elder brother was the holder. For the dignity is a Scotch honor, de- scending in the female as well as in the male line, and when the late Lord Herriés died, leaving no son but only a couple of daughters, it passed to his eldest girl, the present Duchess of Norfolk, and when she dies it will g0 to her'only son, the present fif- teen-year-old Duke of Norfolk, pre- mier peer of. the peaim and sixteenth duke of his line. If he dies without issue, the Herries peerage will go to the eldest of his three sisters, Lady Rachel Howard. . Until the Duchess of Norfolk becamé a mother, the ne hefr to her barony of Herries w: her only sister, Lady Drummond, wits of 8ir Erio Drummond of the foreign office and secretary general of the league of nations. * Ok * ¥ Everingham Park, in Yorkshire, one of the many country seats that are entalled upen the ‘barony of Hern has always been the favorite hol of the Duchess of Norfolk, where she spent her girlhood. It is full of relics, among them being the original badge of the so-called “pilgrimags of grace,” which was undertaken by Sir Robert Constable, ancestor 1 the male line ‘of the Duchees of Nod folk, and by other Yorkshire mag- nates when King Henry VIII decided to suppress all the monasterics, on- vents and roligious houses. Tho badge, which is known as Ever- ingham relic,” symbolizes, In its markings, the five wounds of Christ Tbirty thousand Yorkshiremen had assembled, under Sir Robert Con- siable, at Everingham’ Park-to defend the religious houses. , They, dispersed because the Duke 0f Norfolk of the day made coplous promisés of the kindly intentions- of the Bluebeard monarch. The affair ended with the conviction of Sir Robert Constable on a charge of high treason by a pack- ed jury at York, and his body, after his 'death by decapitation, was hang- €d in chains at Hull. Sir Marma- duke's father was kiiled beside his king In the battie of Fiadden Flel Another of the ancestors of the d. n. | Walter Scott of Abbottsfesd. and of the Duchess of Norfolk.was that Earl of Nithsdale, ninth' Lora He: ries, who, on the éve of. the' date se; for his execution as a Jacobite, in 1715, was rescued from the Tower of London by his devoted wife, who. exchanged ?| garments with him and remained be- hind In his' cell to face tho music, while he escaped in her clathes. Theo cloak and the dress which he wore on this occasion have always been pre-~ served as cherished relics at: Evering. ham_Park. x 3 Sir Walter Scott dfew froely upon * the annals of the Lorgds -of- Herries in his novels. Indeed, the family plays @ conspictious part in the pages “Red Gauntlet.” Red -Gauntlet himself, the type of undying loyaity to the Stuart cause, is, throughout the novel, more generally known by his mother's name of Herries, and when young Allen Falrford, in the story, observes to his father that their guest “has the alr of a man of high rank” the old. . iawyer re marked: “He is well entitled thereto, représenting, as he did,- the great and powerful family of Herries, that elder branch thereof merged in that of the Earls of Nithsdale in-1667. Ths still a child, and her father mam |earldom of Nithsdale has ‘remained rled, for his second wife, Lady Vice toria Howard, sister of the late Duke of Norfolk. Tre result was that Mrs. Maxwell-Scott was brought up, to a great extent, at Arundel Castle, the ancient seat of the Dukes of Norfolk in Sussex, and in the Roman Catholic faith, to which her' father and her stepmother belo: Cardinal Mun- ning and Cardin wman were her childhood friends. When presented at court. on her debut, by her aunt, the Duchess of Bucceleuch, wife of the superchieftaln of the entire clan of Scott, Queen Victoria, quick to appre- clate’ il d th the you uty and the Interest of 1,” Instead o'rb u:cor-lin‘. =IM&: ‘the daughters of peeresses on attainted ever since 1715, but the barony of Herrles, a far older honor, still survives in the person of tha Duchess of Norfolk. Let_me add, in conclusion, that {Gen. Walter Scott, the new master f Abbottsford, who no male issue_to succeed to his. title, has a ounzer brother of the name of Her- {ert, whé'has, f6r a considerable tims t, made his home in British Co- Pambta,. An uncle of the general, the Hon. Bernard Constable Maxwell, married the daughter of .the late Al. fred Du Pont Jessup of Philadelphin, while his son, Capt. Gerald e Muxwell of the Lovat Scouts has ss wife a daughter of George Carden of New York. .

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