Evening Star Newspaper, September 5, 1923, Page 6

E EVENING STAR, With Sunday Merning Edition. T WASHINGTON, D. C. . WEDNESDAY . .September 5, 1083 THEODORE W. NOYES........Bditor The Evening Star Newspaper Company * Business Office, 11th 8t. Feavaphaen At C Office: Tower BulMiag. Turopean n:umru.l.ll"nl-..lu\-n. The Evening Star, with the Sundas #dition, in delivered by carriers wil 80 cents ; dally oaty, 45 cents :.n:n_.,mz,h‘-nmm. may ¢ by ma - 800 " Bolcriin' 10" wade by carriere eod of each month, . Daily and Sunday..1r. Daily only. Eunday .. Daily and Sunday..1 y . Daily only. 1yr, $7. . Bunday only. 1yr, 38 Member of the Associated Press, exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all mews dis- tches credited te it or not otherwise credited this paper amd also the local sews pub- . lshed herein. Alle&mn of publication of reserved. special digpatches he are also ‘Washington’s $50,000. Washington is assigned & quota of {850,000 as its share of the American Red Cross relief fund for the succor "ot the Japanese people. A good start .has been made toward that goal al- ready through several large subscrip- tions. The people of the Capital are asked to contribute their dollars, and *facilities for the convenient placing of the funds have been provided. For example, The Star will receive and daily acknowledge subscriptions. Speed is essential in this work of charity, in the face of the greatest dis- aster the world has ever known. Enor- mous quantities of supplies are re- quired immediately to give aid to the stricken nation. Vast numbers of the people of Japan are suffering from lack of food. The homes of millions have been swept away angd they are without shelter. With all possible speed ships are racing there with ma- terials, hastily gathered, and other ships will start as sqon as they can be loaded. Credits will be extended. but the cash is essential to permit a meas- uring of the quantity of supplies that can be dispatched. In this great endeavor to bring the Japanese people out of the depths of desolation and suffering into which they have been plunged by the cata- clysm, all who give may fullest confidence that the money’they ribe will go, 100 per cent, to the isfon of necessary supplies. The American Red Cross maintains its or ganization upon its permanent finan- | cial foundation. There is no extraordi- nary “overhead” of expense in con- nection with such a work as that now | in hand. If a dollar is given to the Japanese relief fund it is with the full assurance that every one of the hun- dred cents will go toward the actual work of succor, and not one cent for the general administration. The American Red Cross has won the full confidence of the people of this country by its work in the past; its prompt. efficient and thorough serv- ice in time of disaster, domestic and foreign. It was a tower of strength during the great war. Since the sub- sldence of that struggle it has carried on faitbfully and with effgtive thor- oughness in caring for the distressed of all lands. ‘This present emergency is the great. est that the American Red Cross has ever been called upon to face. It turns to the task without the slightest delay, and it depends upon the people of this country for the financial sup- port necessary. That it will get the money it estimates now to be requisite for the immediate relief work is to be assumed. That it will get it quickly is to be hoped. Now is the time to give, not tomor- row. Let Washington's quota be reached and passed in record time: ———— Misfortune speaks a language that all nations understand. Japan, despite her marvelous progress in art and education, at this moment is in closer touch with the rest of the world than ever before. A number of immiggants reached the discomforts of Ellis Island just in time to escape greater trouble in Buro- pean zones of agitation. In addition to other subjects of con- troversy between Italy and Greece are differences of opinion regarding the league of nations. Tarks will manage philosophic calm while their old enemies the Grecks are charged with massacre. Two Faulty Contentions. Italy's objection to the jurisdiction of the league of nations in the affair with Greece would seem to be based upon two grounds; first, that Greece is, in effect, an outlaw nation, not vecognized in its present form of gov- ernment by the powers, and, second, sthat the offense committed by Greece is against Italy's national honor, thereby constituting an issue that can- not be considered by the league. Neither contention can be granted by the league members, who regard that organization the constituted tribunal of international adjustment. Whatever the present constitution. of the government of Greece in person- nel, what®er the precise status of that government as an jinternational factor, Greece is @ member of the league, and Is entitled to its protection from aggressive injustice or hasty ac- tion upon the basis of charges not yet proved or established beyond question. 1f Mussolini's contention that this present affair is one of ‘“national benor,” and is, ther#fore, not arbitr: Me, is admitte@, any international con- flict may be vo rated and thus re. moved from the scope of league ac- tion. Italy's “homor,” it seems, has been unpardonably wounded by the slaying of-several Italian officers en- gaged in boundary determination in Albania. Italy instantly assumes that Greece 1s responsfple. Greece denies that responsibility. An issye of fact is raised. If Greece ip gulity, through connivance or negligance, of the mur- det of thess oMders punitive measures are. _ But the faet 1 Aot ds- tablished. To euote “national hesor” ' £ have the | to preserve a | in such a case, as warrant for deny- ing the jurisdiction of the formally appointed international arbitral body, is to fling wide open the door to war | without check. For any affront, real jor imagined, of a like nature may be then seized upon as a cause for hos- titities. Accusation becomes sufficient warrant for war. It was to prévent just such en- counters that the league was formed. It was to put an end to hasty, hot- tempered or craftily designed war- making maneuvers that this body was established. And now, on the first oc- casion that has efisen, the league's Jurisdiction is denied, its authority is Routed and Italy threatens to with- draw its delegutes if any move is made toward even an Investigation and at- tempt to ascertain the facts. If this were a private quarrel the aggressor would be rightly suspected of having a bad case. Italy’s speed of action in avenging her “honor” sug- gests strongly _that Rome is not alto- gether confident that an impartial in- quiry would reveal Greece as responsi- ble for the murders in Albania. A good case never suffers through delay in the interest of ascertaining the truth. The “honor” of a nation was never really harmed by the exercise of pa- tience in determining the guilt of the 1 offender. The Greatest of Horrors. As has often happened before, the Iater reports of the loss of life in the Japanesc disaster are more moderate than those that came earlier, and the estimate of thawtotal number of deaths puts the toll of the catastrophe at a less staggering figure. But, however the fatality secord may be modified, the horror. rematns as the worst in the history of mankind, the most com- plete within the area affected, the most awful in its immediate and its resultant effects. ‘ If fewer people than were at first believed have lost their lives in the quake and fire and tidal waves and i volcanic eruptions with which Japan has been visited, a larger number are left to suffer the privations inciden* {to the destruction of their homes and {the cutting off of their food supplies. | There are more to be fed by world charity, and more to be restored to such prosperity as reparations can ef- fect. Probably not for weeks will the ac- tual losses of the disaster be known with any degree of accuracy. In places there has been complete de- | struction. Immense areas have been swept clear of all structures, including industrial establishments, with all ma- chinery and equipment. Not more | complete was the ravage of war in those areas in France that were swept by the German guns for months. This terror came upon Japan with- {time to save anything. The land | heaved and opened, fires started in the {ruins of wrecked buildings and spread swiftly through the tinderlike ma- !:enam and then came the waves from the frightfully disturbed sea, | walls of water smashing in upon the stricken land, drowning the panic- stricken people by thousands. The {slumbering volcanoes awakened and poured forth their smothering gasses and debris to add to the catastrophe. There was no place of refuge. The i rails of the transport lines were bent {and rendered useless. The roads be- | came - impassable, choked by fallen | trees and wreckage and broken by cracks. There was nothing to do but | to shrink back and hope for the end of the convulsion. Even in a land which has been vigited by seismic disturbances so |often that the quaking of the earth is ta commonplace, this visitation was :«emrylng in the first stage. It came i with but little preliminary vibration. i i !sity. And in the course of the years the Japanese cities have been devel- | opea less in aecord with the old-time standards and more like the western cities, and the result was a richer har- | vest of destruction for the deadly forces. lor 500,000, the horror is the greatest mankind - has - ever known. Whole cities in a thriving, busy land have i been wiped out of existence. Economic | values to countless totals have been destroyed. The means of industry for millions of people have been swept away. The foundations of the empire have been severely shaken. That undefined and pervasive ele- ment of soelety known as “the public” {is always regarded as possessing un- | limited patience and unlimited funds. | outings would be more enjovable it custom had not scheduled the strike season to commence as soon as the va- cation season Is over. Momentarily the storm cloud in Eu- rope shifts from the Ruhr valley to the Adriatic sea. Japan is in need of the kind of as- siatance that has no hint of world politics in it. Loyalty of Government Clerks. It was a well deserved compliment which the president of the Civil Serv- ice Commission paid to employes of the postal service in an address before {the twenty-fourth annuel convention of the United National Assoclation of Post Office Clerks. In the published accounts it is said that “employes in the postal service were held up to other.civil gervice workers as demon- strating the acme of loyalty to the government. Government workers in all depart- ments are remarkable for loyalty and efficlency. Sometimes the government {is harshly criticized for lack of ef- ficlency, but such faults as there may be in that direction lie with the sys- tem or government methods handed down from other times, and no charge | ot ineMclency rests against the rank and file of employes. Some things were brought out by the president of the postal clerks' as- soclation of which the public may not hitherto have known. One is the ques- tion of night work. A large propor- portioh of postal employes carry on while the great mass of men play and sleep. Every hour, day and night, the work -of -the postal service goes on. Mail workers are at their tasks on Bunday and éther hetidays. The head of the clerks’ assoclation thinks that A out the least warning. There was no | glant | i1t was of previously unknown inten. | ‘Whether the loss of life is 100,000 | six hours of night work should be counted as equal to eight hours day work. He also spoke for better pay. The same plea might also justly be made in behalt of employes in every department of the governmemt, and the matter has often been brought to the attention of Congress, with little or no result. Some progress has been made in the betterment of condition of government employes. The retirement system, which the employes have worked out and which they support themselves, provides that an employe shall not be alto- gether cut adrift when age and the in- firmity which often accompanies it come upon him. At length we shjll have more generous treatment for men and women who have given the major part of their lives to the gov- ernment service. The reclassification of salaries may also be registered as & forward step in the condition of gov- ernment employes. But the most im- portant step will be taken when Con- gress increases the pay of government employes that their salaries shall be brought in line with the modern cost of living. Mr. Slemp Takes Hold. Former Representative C. Bascom Slemp of Virginia, chosen by Presi- dent Coolidge to be secretary to the President of the United States, has taken up his duties amidst the felicita- ! tions of his friends, who wish him well in the administration of this im- portant post, for it is an office of great importance and responsibility, involv ing arduous work. Its duties have in- creased immensely since the days of John Hay, Daniel Lamont and George B, Cortelyou. It is an office of dignity, too, and requires of its occupant in- finite tact and patience as well as executive ability. Mr. Slemp possesses qualities, to- gether with experience in public life, which fit him to fill the requirements of the place. His sixteen years of serv- ice in the national House of Repre- sentatives equipped him with familiar- ity with legislative methods and ac- quaintance with senators and repre- sentatives which should stand him in good stead as the liaison officer be- tween the Chief Executive and the Congress during the coming session. He Is familiar with politics and poli- ticians, and should be of great service to the President in relieving him of many irksome details and standing as a buffer between the Executive and the crowd. Altogether, the President has made an admirable selection. ———— Mussolini has demonstrated that he is a great man in an emergency. Emergencies, however, are arising so may have difficulty in facing them all at once. [ O S ——— Butch McDevitt, who became fa mous by his efforts to set up a statue of himself in Washington, finds an in- dorsement in Lenin's latest move to fill Russia with personally supervised { effigies of himself. The deadlock is asserting itself as a regular result of conferences. Like a popular tune, it becomes less satls- factory as it grows more familiar. Ellis Island gives the immigrant early exercise in the great American custom of adversely criticizing the hotel accommodations. In spite of the world equipment of wireless thé most important news of the past few dave was carried by seismograph. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Relaxation. Old Man Trouble, though as busy as can be, Needs a little holiday, you an’ me. He frets about the future an’ grieves about the past Till he finds himself so weary that he has to quit at last. the same as he He talks about dissensions near at hand and far away. He stands an’ gives expression to his sorrow an’ dismay. He says that it's his duty to give warning to the world That Satan’s on the march with sintul banners all unfurled: 0Old Man Trouble with his list has got- ten through. | He has told the same old stories and he can’t find one that's new. He's gone to work an’ seems to be & right contented elf. Says he, “Sometimes a loafer wants a holiday himself.” A Firm Foundation. “There is nobody who does not hold the Constitution in the deepest re- spect.” “True,” replied Senator Sorghum. “Even those who never studied it very closely have to admit that it has esting and important amendments.” tells the truth is all right unless he puts in too much time finding out the kind that doesn’t concern him. ‘The Daylight-Saver. I ask, as the clock serves to scare me, About some engagement so press- ing, Have 1 saved enough square me For the hours I have wasted in guessing? Wholesome Curiosity. “Does your boy Josh intend to study daylight to replied Farmer Corntossel. “The traffic cops keep him in touch with the court ¥o much of the time he thinks he might just as well read up 80 as to have an intelligent intereat in-what's goin’ on.” Worldly" Fortune, “Would you marry a man_‘who works for a living?” asked the timi youth. . 2 “I might consider .it." replied Miss Cayenne, “if he happenied 10 be draw- @ bricklayer's wages.” “It's Wrong o bét on'a hoss.race,” said Uncle Eben, “specially. .foh a man whose judgment sin' #0 better t 3 1 CAPITAL KEYNOTES BY PAUL V. COLLINS Kipling will be contradicted in the world sympathy. with Japan, and the world readiness to do all in its power to relieve the distress Incident to the great earthquake. "Oh! Fast is East, and West is West, And never the twain shall meet,” is false prophecy, for from af points' of the compass the fleets of the na- tions are focusing toward the dev- astated Istand. Here in Washington the seismographs of Georgetown Uni- versity—already famous throughout the scientific world, gave telltale rec- ord of the earthquake—its direction and distance, Instantly and accurately, long before the news came from Asia by cable or radlograph. * % k% In the great San Francisco earth- quake only 500 fatalities occurred, yet because of its nearness to the {American public, its horror made a sion than does this with its death toll of probably a quarter of a million. Only once be- fore in historic times has there been a calamity with so terrible a toll. That, too, was In the orient. The earthquake of A. D. 1556, in China, killed 500,000 victims. One in Japan in 1703 killed 200,000. The nearest to those, which has occurred in_the occidént, was that of Italy in 1908, with approximately 150,000 vietims. * & & ¥ Have the bootleggers conquered LWWashington with their smoke screen and tear gas? It is foolhardy and vain for a motor cycle officer to plunge into the smoke barrage sent out behind a bootleggers' fleeing automobile, for the fugitives have all the advantage over their pursuer. Races of that kind through populated streets, with shots flying between pursuer and pursued, endanger citizens far more than they do the bootleggers. Two men, sitting quietly in their yards at home, were shot last Monday by a policeman's re- volver, whose shots were aimed at the bootleggers he was chasing. The District Commissioners intend to ask Congress for special laws against the use of smoke screens, but Congress is three months away. Only once have the police captured their quarry against the.defense of the screen, and that was due to the bootleggers' trapping them- selves in a blind alley. % * % * ¥ In Mexico City the police system places a patrolman with a rifle every intersection of the business streets. The officers need not give chase—they simply signal to the next officer down the street, who stands ready for the oncomer. The rifle does greater impi rapidly in his neighborhood that he}prony of the oncoming bootle, the stopping. if the fugitive fails to take the hint ok k% The police have all the advantage if they are in front of the fugitive, instead of behind; the smoke screen tralls behind. The awaiting officer in gger may give him such reception as seems safest for the public and most effective in making an imperative stop. It may be a tear bomb or a shotgun, de- liberately aimed. At all events, the fugitive finds himself surrounded, in- stead of merely chased by smoke- blinded police. * x % % It has long been a favorite theme of orators to bewall the fate*of “Lo, the poor Indian,” who was being wiped out of existence by the greed of the white man. Statistics have been quoted showing how the mil- lions of red men supposed to roam the forests and plains of this happy mundane hunting ground have dwindled to but a mere remnant. Now the Department of the Interior, through its Indfan bureau, gives out | a statement that shows the increase of its wards from 271,000 to 341,000, at| from the years 1902 to 1922. That is an increase of 35 per cent. The whites of this country have not in- creased by births with anything like that percentage. The Indtans are cared for as wards, yet many of the tribes are made up. of rich ‘men and .women, especially those whose land has developed ofl. * x % % In somewhat the same way, buffalo, imminent danger of extermination, has 80 increabed and multiplied under the care of both the United States and Cenadian governments that or- iders have gone forth by Canad Ibutcher 26000 of them !0¥ !hel: r‘:te:i‘: 'and hides. A big buffalo hide, well t:‘:n:lll,rwallfh’ lol'fllslony':r fifty years ‘e for to 5 W bring about §200, G * % *x x Tt has been imagined, nearly sixty years after the civil war, the call for pénsions would have subsided ma- terfally. Every reunion of the Grand Arn'!(y of the Republic shows thinned ranks, and each year seems almost the last possible for the aged veterans to get together. Yet the number of employes in_the pension bureau in 1902 was 1,172, and e 5 L R there are still 885 the * ok % % Postmaster General Harry S. New has undertaken to ascertain why newspapers so frequently lag in the malils. He has appointed a special committee of officials to make a study of speed in all mails. The first BUg- gestlon from the head of that com- Imittee, First Assistant Postmaster iG(’nBl’fll Bartlett, is that in every city iOf 50,000 or more population there 1 8hould be a llaison citizen whose duty it would be to write propaganda both 'tor circular letters and newspaper publication, urging and teaching merchants and others how they may co-operate with the mails. The citi- 'un would not be a post office official, but a member of clubs and commer- cial bodies, and he must be capabie of talking with business men and addressing men’s clubs, Presumably, somebody must pay a good alary to such 'a man. No *chea) man would have sufficient in- {fluence with business men to be worth while. It is not very clear how long such an outeider could keep up public in- terest in “mail-early” slogans, nor is it proved that the fault of late daily i mailing is the entire trouble. It does inot touch the prime complaint whieh Postmaster General New set out to remedy—the tardiness of second-class mall. “Mr, New is himself a news- paper man, whose interest in second- class mail service is bred in his bones. PR Mr. Gompers, president of the American Federation of Labor, says wages must be kept high because living cost is high. The head of the Federation of Women’'s Clubs of the District says the home must be de- veloped and that it is up to the women to discover why the cost of living continues so high, in spite of the great economlies in production, including the use of by-products. Does the cost of labor, which, after {all, constitutes about 99 per cent of u & cost, account for some of the high cost. of living? In the face of these speculations comes the Depas ment of Lapor with its cold statist | showing that the cost of no longer so high as it is “cracked up to be.” If so, wherefore the arguments above cited? The Department of Labor an- nounces hat, compared with the | costs of 1020, things necessary are today much cheaper. Taking 1912 as the basis, at 100, it is noted that in 1920 the costs of food, clothing, fur- | niture and housing had run 5p to 2165, but In 1923 the same articles cost only 169. Take food in 1913, at 100, in 1920 its cost was 219, and in June, 1923, it was 144.3. Prices are gradually | falling, except as to coal. ! (Copyright. 1923, by P. V. Collins.) s ng is Terms of Mexico’s Recognition Meet General That the benefits accruing will be mutual as the result of complete reconciliation with Mexico Is the view of most editors who debate the out- come of the conferences recently con- cluded in Mexico City. The two American representatives are de- clared to have “done a good job” and the hope is expressed that the peace so secured shall be lasting. been the basis of some mighty inter- | burgh Sun, which recalls that Jud Tunkins says a man whoalways | enjoy It all shows, says the Baltimore Sun, “a fine diplomatic accomplish- ment, indeed, considering all the men- tal and moral barriers and hostilities that had to be -removed before the two countries could get close enough to shake 'hands. Whether we can promote peace in Europe or not we have shown that we can do so with regard to our own neighbors.” It was supremely necessary that Ameri- can rights be preserved. and this has been done, as the Duluth News- Tribune sees it, because, while it ls true that “nobody in America would approve going to war to protect the property of investors who put their -money into Mexican property In good faith, there was every possible justi- fication for bringing every possible pregsure to bear on Mexico te live up to the principles of fair play and jus- tice and the recognized rules of in ternational relations.” The negoti tions “have been_extremely useful. argues the New York Herald, which miso approves the spirit of compro- mise that was manifested throughout the negotiations. *x kX This alsé Is the view of the Pitts- “our withholding of recognition has .done Mexico harm,” and it “will no dodbt revival of business and also regain’the respect of other countries when an American' #mbassador. is once more stationed in Mexico City.” The Richmond News-Leader is con- vinced the new arrangement ‘‘will be ‘satistactory to both countries, the Philadeiphia Public Ledger recalls that the re-establishment of friend- ship “is another achievement of that spirit of good will which was Presi- dent Harding's most endearing char- acteristic.” In placing responsibility for much of the friction between the wo countries the Harrisburg Patriot ecls that “Mexico and the United States would have enjoyed much in common had not the selfish commer- cial interests of this and other coun- in conspiracy with transsitory ts sought to able to take care of th s hoped, has turned its back forever on that kind of exploitation.” PR The present triction ‘fras continued “gince 1917," the Indiafiapolis News ‘paints out, and “while there was no desire to intervene in Mexico's inter- ‘nal affairs, the necessity was pres- nt that the principles of justice rec- nized by innternational law must provide “World Court shall name neutral um- res for the clalms commission | ¥there llu a |3Dllad T el’“ll‘l‘&’;’h” g alue of the court in = Saat, ;- INOURE : ReIRSE . [y .- - epirit in mem governments have met Press Approval the task of adjusting long-standing complications should be ‘a guaranty of future friendly relations.” This is also the verdict of the New York World, which gives eredit to the American commissioners for “having affected a compromise which confirms the subsoil petroleum rights of American companies and on its face is a proper agreement. As for the agricultural lands of which Anferican holders have been dispossessed under the agraglan policy of Mexico, they are to be paid for by the government or “restitution made.” It seems clear, the Boston Transcript continues, that the “American commissioners after nearly four months of nego- tiations greatly reduccd the points of possible disagrecnicnt. They moved slowly, but in cvery step they have insisted upon safeguarding the rights of_American There 1s “full indorsement” by the Minneapolis Tribune. to the Amerjcan position but 1t “sympa- thiges with the Mexicans of today in their feellngs about many of the rights which were acauired by for- efgners in the days of President Diaz. Belfish exploiters connected in high places with the Diaz administration enriched themselves unconscionably at the expense of the Mexican people through the granting of concessions to Americans and other foreigners, but the Mexico of today must make the best of this unfortunate in- heritance. It cannot rebuke the guilty without punishing the innocent.” * x x X Complete consummation of the agreement “will be followed by sim- ilar action on the part of England and France,” points out the Mil- waukee Sentinel, “and this will re- open normal trade” channels and release forelgn capital which is evi- dently greatly desized by the Mexi® cans_for the development of their natural resources. Secretary Hughes has been liberaily abused on the ground that he favors ‘special intérests.” It is sufficient to notice that this abuse came echlefly from radicals eager for official recognition of bolshevism The Wichita Eagle insists that “the long coldness toward Mexico on the part- of our Btate Department was ill advised and time has proved it to be futile,”. but’ the Reading Tribune argues that ‘“the price is a colossal one for the Mexicans to pay for re- cognition, but it is nevertheless a just price.” In this very connection, ho the Kansas City Post re- calls “the whole problem could have been solved long ago by basing all transactions upon a common basis of justice and fair dealiig. Even though we lost “lawful debts,” the_ Houston Chronicle suggests, ‘“‘we have gained a condition that is worth billlone, not only because of the se- gurlt"*“t Bromiees bot countries but 08, f the example_ it is to the nations on. this side of the Atiantic. ————— et “Ford” Pryeture Name for Injury. The cogfpmen of the “richest man in ‘tnao l‘i'. ted. Iu:n"rh‘nt:. nml‘:iy m& vade e @ ol stal an ethical m:ru‘ e . ! ‘The latest “namesake’ 'of the well known olt. manufacturer is the| The new term is jised by physic given s to describe a col- fracture, an injury in which the radical or small bene of the forearm, is brok: Just _above the wrist. Tl A R which has been declared inj l Politics at Large Republican party managers got to- gether in New York yesterday for a gabfest on polities and party debls. A stenographic report of the confer- ence would doubtless be Interesting, but unfortunately is unobtainable. The occasion was the return from Europe of National Treasurer Fred U. Upham, one ®f the perennial live- wire leaders of, the G. O. P.. Adminis- trations come and administrations go; same way with committee chairmen, but Mr. Upham, who passes the hat for the sinews of war for national campaligns, goes on forever. Anybody who in a meéting of the republican national committee would suggest the displacement of Treasurer Upham would not even be given the oppor- tunity of going down the elevator; he would have to take the fire escape. In the conference also were John T. Adams, chairman of the republican national committee; Secretary George B. Lockwood and Assistant Treasurer Blalr. Mr. Upham expressed the opinion that President Cooldge is the loglcal candidate of the party for the presi- dential nomination. He foresees, however, the probability of Senator La Follette coming into the conven- tion with a bloc of delegates favoring him from Wisconsin, Michigan, Min- nesota, the Dakotas and lowa. He also thought that Senator Hiram Johnson of California and former Gov. Lowden of Illinols might show up with support. But he thought that Coolidge is the one best bet. The leaders seem to be making it unanimous. * k% % Charles D. Hilles, republican na- tional committeeman from New York, returned on the same boat with Treasurer Upham. He has been in- cluded among the possibilities men- tioned for natfonal chairman to man- age the next campaign, after the na- tional committee is reorganized by the convention. Mr. Hilles had a suggestion which may be worthy of consideration. He proposed a moratorium of three or four months on discussion of can- didates for the presidential nomina- tion, to_enable President Coolidge to ®et his stride. There seems to be much to be said upon the point if they will do it. * k ko Chairman Wood of the republican national congressional . committee, who returned with Mr. Upham and Mr. Hilles, has some new angles on the immigration question, which will be one of the problems to be taken up in the next Congress, the existing immigration law being limited in life. He announced that at the begin- ning of the session he will introduce a bill to do away with the quota method of restrioting immigration. He was convinced after surveying conditions abroad that the wisest way to solve the immigration problem. an important domestic issue to the coun- try, will be the selective process conducted at ports of departure abroad. This selection would be made by a commission under control of the. Department of .Labor, which would make the selection based upon the needs of industry. and agricuiture in this country. The dominating principle would be the admission. not of every Immigrant who may want to come to the United States,” but of the classes of workers that we may “need in our business.” - * ok ok * Mr. Wood had one suggestion which will attract attention. He would have every immigrant declare be- fore admittance his determination to become a eitizen of the United States. That is patriptism and self-protec- tion plus. One of the greatest griev: ances urged against the unrestricted immigration of the past has been the habit so prevalent among allen visitors of staying here long enough “to make their plle” and then retyrn- ing to the old country to live in luxury. The ‘pile” made in Amer- ica would be a fortune in some of the European gountries. * x x x The democratic national committee, which declared a complete ‘moratorium on political discussion and animadver- sion during the period of Mr. Hard- ing's death and interment, is prac- tically eontinuing it, so far as pres dential politics is concerned. The publicity department of the commit- tee is sending out its usual quota of editorial matter for the country press, but it runs-along normal lines of discussion. The heavy artillery of the com- mittee, which is thunderous when it gets into activity, is silent for the time being. “This silence bodes no good.” may be the thought of the republican publicity sharps, who probably are “digging in” in appre- hension of a barrage when the enemy does open up. . ® % ¥ % There is renewal of suggestions in democratio quarters of the candidacy of Senator Ralston of Indiana for the democratic presidential nomina- tion. 0ddly enough, an echo of some of them -comes' from republican sources also. A number of democrats and republicans of prominence have been and are abroad this summer and it would not be surprising if the: hobnobbed together on friendly terms upon appropriate occasiong when “meetipg up” with each other an a foreign shore. Some: of the return- ing republicans say they heard the report of. s material brightening of Senator Ralston’s ‘prospects among the “higher ups” of the democracy. ok x| If former Gov. Lowden shauld en- ter the ring, for the republican nom- ination, -would Gen. Leonard Wood, who contested with him in 1920, feel moved to declare also? is s question which has been: bruited among the politiclans. The answer would seem to be found In a statement by Repre- sentative - Robert L.; Bacon of New York, who “was, oné of the Wood manggers In 1990.. .He says his re- ports ndlm:&_dhn'con ‘Wood de- sires to round out his lifework by composing the affaifs of the Philip- pines, _and _especially the financial condition, including the rehabilita- tion of the Philippine National Bank, and that he will not figure in poli- tics again. 8o Mr, Bacon has tome out in support of President Coolidge. * * k% Senator James W. Wadsworth of New York, who will uhquestionably have the New York delegation to the “republican , national convéntion in hfs foltéwing, 1s“not expected,to be ‘a candidate fori the nominatio but* wil] gupport -Pr¢siddnt Coolidge's candidacy. “He may receive the usual “favorite son” voteé on the firgt ballot, th in the case of recognizi - dflrl" hlllt P,'o’".ll Wi swin, slde Cool Bt e Fadn coille said he had been WG'SY renerally around New York and the New England ates recently and had found only lhél most _cordial good will for President oolage. Wil . st H Wi &Ms (R “boarded to Press ident Tk e compliment Ba state 1 } 18 supposed to have a pecul i ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN Q. Was longitude from Washington?—R. 8. A. In the early days it was held to be unpatriotic to measure longitude from Greenwich, and it was planned to make 16th street northwest, which faces the very center of the White House, the American meridlan line. There are old maps that show the marking of longitude from this line. Q. Did Mrs. Taft purchase the cherry trees in Potomac Park?—A. K. L. A. Shortly after Mre. Taft became mistress of the White House she had eighty Japanese cherry trees bought and planted hore. whereupon a_Jap- anese resident of New York offered 2,000 of the trees as a gift. These were ghipped to this country, but it was found necessary to destroy them, as they were infected. Later the city of Toklo presented 3,000 of the trees, which now adorn Potomac Park. Q. Was Alexandria ever known by any other name?—D. V. H. A. Alexandria was named Bell- haven In Its early days. Q. Did one President decline to wit- ness the inauguration of his, suc- cessor?—H. G. D. A. When Thomas Jefferson proceed- ed to the Capitol to take the oath of office in what is now the chamber of the Supreme Court, John Adams re- fusea to accompany him. pechoy Q. About how many letters do pas- sengers on a big ship write en voy- age?—C. A. L. A. The Post Office Department says that more tham 24,000 post cards and 16,000 letters were mailed on the Le- viathan during the ship's maiden voy- age from New York to Southampton. Q. Were Columbian quarters coined in 1893?—T. Lo Q. A. Forty thousand Columbian or Isabella quarters were coined in 1893. These are the only United States coins Dbearing the head of a foreign ruler. Five million Columbian half-dollars were coined, bearing the head of Co- lumbus. Q. What is the meaning of words Ku Klux?—A. R. A. The present organization known as the Ku Klux Klan adopted the title of an organization formed shortly after the civil war. This organiza- tion originated with a meeting in Pu- laski, Tenn., with an avowed purpose of combating conditions which had arisen as a result of the civil war. The name Ku Klux was decided upon at this meeting when some members sug- gested the words “Ku Klol,” from the Greek kuklos, meaning a band or cir- cle. Another member called out, “Call it ‘Kuklux,’” and it was further suggested that the word “Klan” be added. The full name Ku Klux Klan was adopted at this meeting. Q. Why are some remedies called specifics?—G. C. A. The specific remedy is one which r efficacy in the cure of a particular disease, or one which has a special action on some particular organ. lightning be coll; the How can d |through & silk ribbon ever measured from the clouds for experimental pur- poses?—W. M. A. The bureau of standards savs 2 kite can be used to collect ele tricity from the clouds for experi- mental purposes Use wire in p: of string in making it, and p ably a wire for the kite strin; kite string that has been dipped salt water should prove a fairly go conduetor, however. Do not hold t string in your hand. It may be held several fec long end kept dry. Connect har end of this ribbon by wire to growr Attach condensers to the end of ti string, the other side being grounde This experiment, first attempted b Benjamin Franklin, is a dangerous onc Q. Which motion picture hou: west of the Mississippl is the fines . N. 8. A. Probably the largest and ti most beautiful motion theater we:: of Chicago i the Egyptian at Holl wood. Q. Please advise the minimu maximum_wage scales in Hen plants?—F. C. T- A. The Ford Motor Company sa that skilled . labor, such as tor makerg, are paid from 90 cent $1.25 per hour, depending ¢ | Common 1apor is hired at per hour for a period of six after which the rate paid is 7 to 90 cents, depending upon ficiency. Q. What L G A. A méander line is usually ir regular—not a boundary line—bu one following approximately the ou line of a plot of land with inaccess ble boundaries. Ford day cen pr is & meander line?—. Q. How many theaters are there NeW York?—G. A. A. There are ppros v sixty first 1S rs in y region of New York cit; Q. How is the age computed?—F. J. H. A. Physicists arrive at the approx - mate age of the earth Ly computi the length of time which it has taker the earth to cool at the present rate from the highly heated condition as sumed under the nebular hypot Geologists arrive at their estin figuring the length of time take to accumulate the known thic ness of sedimentary rocks. Anothe method is to divide the total am pt salt in the occans by the amount added each year, which would giv the number of vea required 1 reach the present degree of salin of the cart Q. What was the flag of Columbus? —L H T A. He bore the standard of Spain a quartered flag of red, gold and s |ver. This was planted on the bea of the island that Columbus calle San_Salvador, probably Watling Is- land of the Bahamas. (If you have a question you want answered send it to The Star In- formation Bureau, Frederic J. Has- ¥in, Director, 1220 North™ Capitol strect. Give your full name and ad- dress so that the information nigu be sent dircct. Inclose 2 cents i stamps for return postage.) Memorial to Maj. Andre Defaced By American Tourists in London BY THE MARQUISE DE FO! Most Americans who visit West- minster .. Abbey—that _thousand-year- old valhalla of the English-speaking world—where solemn.memorial serv- ices have during the past few months. beefi held, both for Ambassa- dor Walter Page and for President Harding—are profoundly interested and impreesed by the solemnity of the ancient fane and are awed by its wealth of memories. No Americans ever visit London without making it the bourne of thelr principal pilgrim- age and who do not somehow feel that, by reason of their descent and of their language, they have a share in the ownership of its history and of its traditions. But there are some, relatively few, American pilgrims whose patriotic devotion to their country takes the form of relentless hatred against those who fOUEht against their na- tional independence a century and a half ago. and who, although 8o much water has' passed under the bridge since then, and the loyal friendship of more than a hundred years has been cemented on the battlefields of France, where within_the last dec- ade American and _British . soldiers fought shoulder to shoulder and gave their life and their blood for a com- mon cause, nevertheless feel them- selves impelled to give expression to thelr surviving resentment even within the gray walls, hoary with age, of Westminster Abbey, by van- dalistic injury to its monuments. It may be recalled that, although Maj. Andre of the British army in America . was hanged there as a spy, in eompliance with the laws of war, yet that he was no traitor to his country like Benedict Arnold, but zn English officer, fulfilling orders in connection with military secret serv- ice work. He lies entombed in West- minster Abbey, In a handsome monu- ment, adornéd with a bas-relief on which he is portrayed in the act of presenting a _petition to = George Washington. Every now and again the head of Andre is either broken off and carried away or else so de- faced and mutilated ‘as to render its replacement necessary, so much so that the vergers are instructed to be particularly on their guard against injury to the monument when guiding round the abbey partles of tourists from this side of the Atlantic. It may be recalled that the memorial erected by the late Cyrus W. Field on the piace of Andre's execution at Tappan was mysteriously blown up by people whose identity was never asceftained. * ok ok % Every Amherst man in the United States will be sorry to learn that Lord Amherst, fourth earl of his line, has been compelled, by the heavy burden of taxation imposed upon all land in the Uaited Kingdom, in or- der to pay the huge expenditures in- curred by the government during the great war, to sell Montreal, his beau- tiful country place in Kent, near 8evenoaks. It formerly bore the name of Riverhead, was purchased by Jeffrey Amherst, a leading mem- ber of the bar and benches of Gray's Inn, in 1688, and was greatly en- larged and improved at considerable expense by his eldest son and name- sake, the first Lord Amherst, field marshal, one of the most successful of British commanders, and who transformed the name of the place to Montreal in memory-of the sur- render to him of that North American city by the French in 1760, which com- pleted the British conquest of Canada. Lord Amherst was succeeded in his | peerage and in the possession of his estates in Kent, embracing some 8,000 acres, by his nephew, who dis- tinguished himself as governor gen- eral of India. In keeping with the traditions of his race, the present earl, who has on several occasions visited the American University of Ambherst, is a soldier, a former officer of the Coldstream Guards and a vet- eran of the various Egyptian ocam- igns, while his eldest son, Jeffrey Rinherat, Viscount Holmesdale, was twice badly wounded during the great war, as & captain of his father's old regiment. Since~ then he, like his father, has been enthusiastically welcomed ' at Amherst and greeted with the old college song: “Oh! Lord Jeffrey. Amherst was soldier of the kin And he came from acr the sea. To: the ‘I!‘r-_nchmeu and the Indians 1,112 S0 o T VIS countree university, like the neighboring town of Ambherst, takes its name from the first Lord Amherst who, after distinguishing himself at the battles of Dettinger and of Fontens and figuring under Frederick the Gre in the seven years' war, was appointes | the commander-in-chief of the British forces in America and intrusted with the conquest of Canada, on the compla- tion of which he was appointed gov- ernor gemeral of all British Norti America, dying after his return to Eng- {tand as commander-in-chicf of the British armies. ‘Although the peerages of Lord Am- herst are therefore, cc modern, yet his fam cient one, claiming descent from tain Gilbértus of Hemmehurst who figures in the | of 1215; while the na Hemmehurst _is be chartulary of Bayham Abbey, reign of Edward 1I, the name transformed into Amherst in t ty-fifth year of the reign of Edward 1 * X * % Following the example of Lord Ri berry, who last vear transferred t possession of his great estate of Ment- more, in Buckinghamshire, to his eldes: son and heir, Lord Dalmeny, and of the Marquis of Lansdowne, who de his Scotch estate to his eldest son Kerry, the Earl of Powys has turned over the ownership of his a tral estate of Stychey in ops where his ancestor, the great Li Clive of Indian empire fame, wus bo to his eldest surviving son, the nir teen-year-old Lord Clive. The obje of these real estate transaction thesé respectve instances, is to escap in this perfectly legal and legitimats manner, the colosal death and succes- slon duties where great estates arc concerned, and which, added to the other burdens of annual gaxation on | 1and, as the result of war expenditu {have rendered the ownership of great estates well-nigh ruinous, The principal country seat of the Earl of Powys, where he has recently been entertaining the Prince of Wales, is Powys Castle in Montgomeryshire, the “Castle of Garde Doloureuse” of Sir Walter Scott's novel, “The Be- trothed,” formerly known as Red Cax- tle, being built of red sandstone. It ix of great antiquity, having originally been the seat of Owen Ap Griffith, the last Welsh sovereign prince of Powys- Gwenyn. The latter's descendants having become extinct §n the male line, the castle passed, through_ the distaft side of the house, to the Her- berts, a junior branch of the great famMWy of which the Earl of Pem- broke Is the chie ‘There were Her- bert Earl of Powys, also a marquis and a duke of Powys. The great Lord Clive's son married the only sister and sole Heiress of ‘the last of the Her- berts, Lords of Powys, becoming through this union the' owner of Powys Castle and of all the landed property connected therewith, with the result that he was created the fizst Earl of Powys of the Clive lin It is to the great Lord Clive's vic- tories that the British crown is so largely indebted for its possession of the mighty Indian empire. e Lord Mostyn, the only other peer be- side Lord Sinclair who wag elected to membership of the Royal Yacht Squadron the other day, and who, J1ike him, holds a sailing masters license, is the head of one of the most ancient and illustrious families of Wales, and holds the title of vice ad- miral of North Wales and of Car- narvon. A frequent visitor to the United States, he is thoroughly identi- fled With Welsh life, presides almost every year at the national bardic gathering known as the Bisteddfod, and {s descended, 1iké the Tudor kings, and, conseqiéntly, Tike George V. from Marchudd Ap Cynan, Lord of bergeleu, cotemporary of Rhodri awr, King of Wales in the ninth cen!\lr!y. He 6till uses today as crest the “Saracen’s head, erased at the neck, arg., environed about the tem- ples ‘'with’a wreath,” which was the principal heraldic ' device ~ of the founder of his house in the nifith century. Lord Mostyn's chief country seat is Mostyn Hall, in Fhntshire Lor s s where the family have resided singe / the fifteenth century, and there is no ancestral home -in the United King- dom more rich In ancient manuscripts, especially those affecting the history ot Wales, e artd [