Evening Star Newspaper, May 17, 1923, Page 4

S U. S. Scraps World Distrust; g Peace Assure Declares Problem Is to Reach Heart of People. Scores Promoters of Sentiment Menac- ing Accord. The United States has scrapped world distrust and has ‘“every assurance of abiding peace,” so far as ‘our rela- tions with other peoples are concerned” | was the encouraging declaration made | by Secretary Hughes in delivering the principal address, opening the semi- centennial conference of the National Conference of Social Workers in Poli's Theater last night. He sees no hatred of ' Americans abroad, but warned the leaders of hu- manitarian work that they must be on their guard against those who seek to foll international accord. “Department of Peace.” Closely linking the work of the State Department with that carried on by the | ational Conference of Social Workers, Secretary Hughes said: “I am fond of speaking of the depart- ment of ‘the government with w have the privilege of being asso as the dey ce. No one an question t me of Amer. can foreign policy i 1 national security, in prot i and in safeguarding the fair opportu- | nities; but. in the happy phrase of Bryce, legitimate aims can be of justice and friend- le. " We secl thus to with respect to the whole effort is to t you are striving to do—thar to protect, to foster and to make human life more se- cure and whol ome, Declares uds Dissip “The clouds whic darkened the far easter been dissipated,” he said, disappoint the bitterness the test of I iotism, we have been able to associate the great powers of the Pacific in a friendly supported by miutual confidence While at the same time we 3 fully preserved the sound American tradition of freedom from alliance and the principle of equality of op- portunity.” Mr Hughes said thi d been complished by achieving “a disarma- ment of thought” and that the Wash- ington arms conference had “managed | to scrap distrust as well as the vessels of war” and to end wasteful ©ompetition “which spelled ur- ity, but suspicion. Deplores Fear of World. “Today, notwithstanding the grav- 1ty of unsettled issues,” he continued. “we find throughout the world ample reason for encouragement in the earnest efforts to remove the econ- | omic evils fo war in the exhibiti enhanced indus- trial capacity, in the swift repair of damaged ar in the extraordinary | extent of recovery despite all diffi- culties. “So_great has been that it is not too much to that the whole aspect of affairs would instantly change if only means could | be found to disnel the fe: d ay prehension which is the barrler to accord and to give a sound basis for the confidence which all desire.” ‘Who Shall Guard Guardinns? The Secretary of State said it was/ clear that essential conditions of peace “are not to be found in artificial arrangements,” but that it was “the disposition of peoples that counts. “It is idle to talk of proscribing war unless the peoples wanting peace,” he adde not maintain peace by force, for will supply, who will conirol, who! will direct the force? Great nations may, indeed, discipline a weak powe: provided they are united in polic and provided always that the weak power is not a necessary weight in some contrived balance of power. But when great nations do not agree among themselves, who shall guard the guardians? Scores Foes of Peace. “If those who are keenly desirous of enduring peace will descend to the contemplation of realitles, it will be seen that there is only one way to the goal—a long and difficult way— that is, by the cuitivation of the spirit of friendship and good will a2mong peoples through which alone the sources of dangerous life can be| dried up.” Mr. Tughes declared that those | “who ereate a public sentiment which makes it difficult for honorable | statesmen to find ways of practicabie adjustment of_international problem: were worse ‘offenders than intriguing diplomats, “Responsible leade; “are harr ¢ their opponen bitious rivals are ready to take their places, editors and orators are quick to excoriate those who seem to make any national sacrifice in the interest of a reasonable adjustment, and thus an atmosphere is created which ren-: ders futile the agencies of peace,! however admirably contrived they seem to be Praises Relict Work. The Secretary of State pointed out | that “in the long run the Lope of world peace lies in those quiet Lumane efforts by which-peoples come to understand and to trust each other | until ¥ reach the point that war! between them becomes unthinkable, | and with that sentiment any differ- | ence can be composcd by dircct ap- proaches and the processes of reason. Looking beyond immediate exigencies, T believe that if there is a powerful and continuous influence at work to bring humanity to the desired goal it is to be found in the manifold human- itarian activities in which you are en- gaged. “If America is understood abroad. he said, “it is because of the grati- tude there for the work done b American relief agencles.” It is well' to recognize, he added, that there does exist “what has happily been called a ground swell of popular &ood-will toward this country. No National Barriers. “There are no national barriers be- tween soclal workers,” declared Sec- retary Hughes, ‘“because they all, work under one banner, ‘The Better- | ment of Human Life! It is in the! quiet humane work done in the mani- | fold fields of social activities that! the world finds the surest promise of | ce, and it 1s th eonly road that! will lead humanity to {ts desired; goal. It is the thought and intent of | the heart that count. The roots of | amity and mutual confidence must be struck deep in the thoughts and convictions of the people until war is unthinkable. So peace will come. Secretary Hughes stressed with vigor and high sincerity the part which the social workers of America were destined to play in the attain- ment of an ultimate peace, and said that American influence is potent in peaceful settlement, in part becauss of the gratitude which swells up in many lands at the thought of chil- dren saved from starvation, and disease and pestilence curbed by the American Red Cross. Imperialism Scouted. Referring to the republics of South and Central America and policies for “their development secure in inde- pendence and in_immunity from for- eign intrigue,” Mr. Hughes declared that “only those suffcring from mental indigestion” failed to realize that the United States “cherished no imperialistic designs.” “But,” he added, ‘I question if the efforts of this government for 100 years have accomplished as much io promotc understanding and good will in Latin America as the recent well directed endeavor of American philantkropists in combating dis- case, and .tbmrdlru.tu contributing to Buman welfare.” - L to ail peoj i them, a i nd to the who make ac ' the progress ! 1 1 | 1l [ world !one mind and had one | within {sociation convention in the Hotel to devise a new method to take | | Claro, Colorado Claro, Maduro, etc. {items of agriculture, d, Says Hughes CRETARY HUGHES, t is one thing to address govern- ments: it is quite another, and much more difficult, to reach the heart of peoples. But this must be done if we are to be of aid in removing the cause of strife. ,“The same results follow our efforts for public health throughout the The field of co-operation in resisting the spread of disea: in fostering child life. in promoting hygiene. i n of cotic dru: entific re h cducational foundations for effort spirit. in 1 distribu pr st affords a vast opportunity congenmizl to the Amerie way cons controlling the production | i in and in! (R stent with American | | second THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., THURSDAY, MAY 17, 1923 'SOCIAL WORKERS THRONG OPENING 1,200 Stand at First Session of Fiftieth National Conference. FOLKS SHOWS UPTREND President Sketches Achievements and Presents Foreign Guests. Before an audience of 3.500 per- sons, almost 1,000 more than the seat- ing capacity of the Poli Theater, and with 1,200 standing outside, the Na- tional Conterence of Soclal Work opened its fiftieth session last hight with the largest attendance in Its history. The platform was filled with distinguished foreign guests and rep- resentative social workers of the Unlted States, several of whom were ex-presidents of the conference. Homer Folks of New York city, president of the conference for the time, presented the official Buests from foreign countries to the conference and sketched briefly he notable achievements of each. They were Abbe Jean Viollet of Paris. France, editor, settlement worker and wder of 1 work in Fran, Annie Noufflard, director of hospital on and worthy of all the skill| social service of Parls; telligence which we can give. need these humanitarian tivities not only to promote interna- tional 2ood will by helping other: in order to help ourselves and U crease our own capacity relations. We need among our awn people the unifying influence of hu- manitarian work, in wh all races represented in our population co-oper- late to secure common end United When Necessary. but ! Service, in- | wik Rajchman, director of the health for a sound | division, league of natious, and helpful_influence in international | Alice Salomon, | ! | {national aspect immediately. head of Toynbes Hall. : Capt. Lionel F. Eilis. ¥. National Council of Social London, England; Dr. Lud- nd Dr. director of Berlin Training School for Social Workers, Berlin. ~ Dr. Rene Sand of Belgium was delayed in his arrival. International Aspect. ‘The conference took on an inter- for in o those who speak ofiaddition to these officlal guests, whn n co-operation in tional affairs as though we were of voice. When there is dominant American inter- est or a supreme issue transcending racial dlfferences we have displayed interna-iare to address the conference during the week on their own specialty in soclal work., there were unoficlal epresentatives on the platform from nany other foreign countries. The conditions of life in America a most gratifying degree of UNity [have improved vastly more than Is and an extraordinary power of con- But when there is se and questions involving foreign political interests arise, w exhibit, because raclal divisions, not simply the nor- mal divergences of opinion always to be expected in a democratic com- munity, but the viewpoints, contro- versies' and rival interests of Euro- pean countrie: You are celebrating the accom- plishment of fifty vears, but vou are at the threshold of achievement. and not only the future well being of individuals. but the assurances of peace itself as the cssential condi- tion of social welfars are largely ‘our keeping.” ted effort. h dominant STYLES IN CIGARS BOW TO PROGRESS Manufacturers Discuss Changes to Stimulate Public Interest. And now the cigar change its style. A committee of cigar manufacturers was appointed at the closing session toda is going to Willard of designations such as ‘The tobacco men did not blame the influ- ence of King Tut or women's fashions but a preference for wrappers of the pla }light color that has resulted in high- er prices for the lighter leaves with- out an opposite effect on the dark. A | method other than that of designa- tion by color was suggested. Changes or standardization of sizes of cigars also was discussed and eps will be taken by the association connection with the United States \amber of Commerce to effect a - of the Tobacco Merchants' As- | i ordinarily known; the standards of ltving have risen everywhere: educ tion is more general and more pra tical; people are happier. healthier, Of OUFimore useful and live longer and the slums have gone, President Folks de- clared. But, Mr. Folks added, “we are only at the threshold of constructive achievements In human welfare. By applying what we now know, by using tried and tested methods, by doing on a larger scale what we are now doing successfully in a small way, and by shifting our chief d: tion from agencles of cure to thoi or prevention, the average human life can be made not only longer, but better. and community life, as well as individual life, will realize benefits which it Is now beyond our power to expre: 3 Key to Success. In working out the welfare of peo- ples in the future, Mr. Folks stated, prevention and not cure is the key to success in this endeavor. “The cure of sickness and poverty, and the re- form of criminals,” he said, “has been found to be. as a rule, uncertain, in- complete, temporary, expensive and long. The prevention of these evils has been proven to be relatively cer- tain, complete, - permanent, cheap and quick.” “We ought to expect prevention to he practicable,” he continued. “It is in line with the accumulated wisdom and mature judgment of mankind: the i twig is easily bent. but the tree can- not be stralghtened; the stitch in time can be taken more quickly than the nine; a pound of cure is less use- ful than an ounce of prevention: the child who is trained in the way he should go will not; when he is grown, depart therefrom. We are only on the threshold of a preventive program. We have de- vised and sharpened our tools; we have worked out methods. It is now time to develop our fragmentary pro- gram into one that i3 comprehensive and definite.” Mr. Folks said that knowledge in the fleld of mental disturbance was “woefully incomplete.” To find out the facts, he said, “we must devote our best efforts and all the resources needed. We don’t know enough about the causes and conditions which are bringing huge numbers of people into the hospitals for the insane. We do not straighten the bent twigs in the mental hygiene fleld, because we do not see that they are bent until they o half grow 2 eoncluding his address Mr. Folks said the twelve-hour day and the standardization in the cigar indus-| 2210 80 S Ue pass away “be- try. Seeks Greater Demand. A resolution designed to create a|the best greater demand for cigars was adopt- ed by the organization. It was point- ed out that this product alone of the tobacco industry has failed to in- crease in recent years, while demands ! for other products have greatly in- creased. Another resolution was adopted indorsing a continued cam palgn against the attacks upon the tobacco industry ~or propaganda against any use of tobacco. Officers of the association will be elected at this afternoon’s session. Reduction in taxes on _tobacco, which would enable manufacturers to produce the good nickel cigar so popular before the war wiil be sought | at the next session of Congress under {plans made by the cigar manufac- turers’ group. Prices Down 20 Per Cent. ‘Tobacco taxes, said Henry G. Wem- mer of the Deisel-Wemmer Company of Lima, Ohio, chairman of the group, are as high as at any time { during the war period, and the to- bacco taxes are among the very few war levies that have not been re- | duced. At the same time the cost of leatf tobacco is higher than before the war; wages in the cigarmaking in- dustry have more than doubled in the last decade, while retail prices of igars, based on wholesale and man- ufacturing costs, have been reduced at least 20 per cent since the war- peak period. Because of these conditions, it w: declared, it has been only by the ex- ercise of the stricest economy that the manufacturers have been able to prevent a steady climb in prices to the smokers. 8o successful has thi work of economy been that it has been possible to reduce the costs of tobacco products to a greater degree than in many other industries. Cigarette Total Great. Dr. Julius Klein, director of the bureau of foreign and domestic com- merce, told the delegates to the con- vention that enough cigarettes to en- circle the globe twenty-six times, if laid end to end on the equator, were manufactured in the United States in the first three months of this year. Although representing only about one-half of 1 per cent of the culti- vated crops of the United States, to- bacco is one of the most valuable Secretary of Agriculture Wallace declared last night_at a banquet of the tobacco manufacturers at the Willard. He said the total value of the to- bacco crop is exceeded only by corn, hay and forzge, cotton, wheat and potatoes. This country leads the world in tobacco production, he said. Brig. Gen. Lord Speaks. The natfonal budget was explained by Brig. Gen. Herbert M. Lord as simply the ordinary, everyday routine business of the United States, the biggest business in the world. Other. speakers were Maj. Gen. F'rl‘ nk ‘Mc!n&yl;e. fl;lg flfw}henbll}'e.‘rltll of insular affairs of the War Depart- Dr. Thomsp E. Green of the i fore industry will be safe for demo racy” Recreation, he continued, is antidote ' for wrongdoing; probation is better than prisons, but it gets into action too late when much damage has been done.” POLICEWOMEN ATTEND CONFERENCE LECTURES Bascom Johnson Outlines Training School System—Banquet Is Planned. olicewoman section of the Na tones Conference ot Social Work will actend lectures today that are of in- to them. Eascom Johmson. American Social Hyglene Association, New York city, addressed the policewomen yesterday on “A Training School for Police- women.” He described methods and urged that candidates have at least four vears' high school work and preferably, two vears of college wor! He praised the American police. woman and describe them as of a fine type of soclal service workers. Tomorrow evening the section will have a banquet at the Grace Dodge Tea House, at which & number of Washington jurists will be the prin- cipal speakers. B — American Red Cross, Herbert Kauf- man. prominent writer, and Joseph F. Davies. - H. H. Shelton was toast- master. HITS TOBACCO “CHAIN.” Domination of Stores Like Monop- oly, Says New Yorker. Tobacco stores controlled by a to- bacco manufacturing concern whose sole object is the promotion of its own products should bear the name of that manufaoturer in order to show the public that they are not independent stores, according to F. A. De Pilis, chairman of the board of directors of the Patterson Brothers TobaccoCorporation of New York. Mr. De Pilis is attending the. conven- tion of the Tobacco Merchants’ Asso- clation, in session at the Willard Hotel. . “While there is no monopoly ortrust in the tobacco industry, such as is d scribed in “the legisiation of 1911, d Mr. De Pilis, “a chain of tobacco stores dominated by a manufacturin, concern works like a monopoly. ‘When a system of chain stores is so dominated, he explained, it is difficult for an independent manufacturer to . “It is a powerful concern, is dictatorial and outspoken, but my investigations have shown that not a single manufacturing con- le.l;:_‘omlnltl. it or bolds a share n . 4 . — {Social Workers Enjoy Social as ' Well as Work Time in D C. Luncheons, dinners, teas and recep- tions, as well as meetings, are on the “bill of fare” of the national confer- ence of soclal work here. Tomorrow & luncheon will be given by the conference to its forelgn j®suests in the Spanish gardens of the Hotel Washington. The conference reception and dance will be held in the Hotel Washington tomorrow eve- ning. On Sunday there will be four luncheon conferences under the aus- Ipices of the conference committes on !the church.. These will be held at the Men’s City Club, the Hotel Washing- on, the Women's City Club and the Hotel Raleigh. Through the courtes: of President and Mrs. Harding, th{ White House grounds wiil be thrown open to conference delegates on Mon- day, at 5 p.m. The Marine Band will give a concert. A luncheon to the ex-presidents of the conference—twenty-four in num- ber—-will be held at the Willard Hotel on Tuesday. The ex-presidents of the conference are: Hastings H. Hart, New York; Alexander Johnson, Fort MEDICAL NEGLECT - ‘Wayne, Ind.; William R. Stewart, New Yor! Charles E. Faulkner, Lake Worth, Fla.; John M. Glenn, New York; Timothy Nicholson, Richmond, Ind.; Robert W. De Forest, New Yor! Jeftrey R. Brackett, ‘Boston, Mass. Edward T. Devine, New York; Amos ‘W. Butier, Indianapolis, Ind.; Ernest} P, Bicknell, ‘Washington; _Jane Addams, Chicago, Ill.; Homer Folke, New York; Jullan W. Mack, Chicag IIL; Frank Tucker, New York; Gr: ham Taylor, Chicago; Ill.; Mrs. John M. Glenn, New York; -Rev. Francis H. Cavick, Indianapolis, Ind.; Frederic Buffalo, N. 'Y.; Robert A Woods, Boston, Mass.; Julia C. La- throp. Rockford, Ill.; Owen R. Love- ew York; Allen T. Burns, New Robert W. Kelso, Boston, Mass. The oldest living ex-president is Timothy Nicholson 6f Richmond, Ind., who presided over the conference in 1902, when it met in Detroit, Mich. Mr. Nicholson is now in his ninety- fifth year. He has sent a message of greeting to be read at the luncheon. The senior ex-president of the confer- ence is Dr. Hastings M. Hart of the Russell Sage Foundation of New York city, who presided at the 1593 conference, at Chicago, 11l. Dr. Hart will attend the conference this year. FAIR WAGE URGED INU. 5. 1S SCORED| AS AID TO HEALTH Adults and Infants Get Only One-Fifth Care Nezded, Says Dr. Rankin. “Unoccupled Flelds in Health Promo- tlon and Disease” was the subject of an address by Dr. Watson S. Rankin, secretary of the North Carolina state board of health and former president of the American Public Health Assocla- tion, before a group meeting of the National Conference of Social Work, at Calvary Baptist Church this morning. Dr. Haven Emersch, professor of pub- lic health, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbla University, New York, discussed the topic. Dr. Living- ston Farrand, chairman of the com- mittee on health, presided. Dr. Rankin declared in his address that cent or 25 per cent of the medical at- tention which the condition calls for. From 30 to 35 per cent of births, he said, are not attended by physicians, and the lying-in state in all probability receives less than one-third the medical care which it should have. Sees Intancy Neglected. “Infancy, while a normal state of being, is an enfeebled state, always in danger of disease from undeveloped adjustment to the ordinary conditions of life and high susceptibility to in- requires scientific medical supervision and guldance not only for the sick, but for the well. The needs of infancy for medical services are not one-fifth supplied under present condition; “The age of chlidhood, with fro, to 20 per cent of its population mal- tonsils and adenoids, 75 per cent in need of dental treatment. and the jentire group made more susceptible and less resistant to the common in- fections on account of these condi- tions that impair vitality, needs not less than five times the medical serv- ice which this age group now re- ceives. Asks More Adult Care. “The period of adolescence, with the temptations of sex abnormalities and venereal diseases, presents an enormous problem physically and psychically, with medical services Inadequate and cer- tainly not more than one-fifth supplied. “Adult life. according to extensive, highly scientific, unreproachable author- ity. 18 not receiving one-fifth the medi- cal attention which its needs demand. “If it were possible within the course of the next decade or two for medicine fect and disease, heajth promotion, for us and would constitute a problem em- larger than that which concerns ith the work of treatment and vast] selt repair. The youngest member of the na- tional conference is Nina Louise Put- nam of Charleston, W. Va., affection- ately known to social workers as “Pete.” This is her fourth national conference. She has attended in previous years the meetings at At- lantic City, Milwaukee and Provi- dence. And she won't be twelve years old until next October. Each year she has saved her own money to come to the conference as & delegate. She attends several meet- ings a day. At previous confarences she has taken a nap in the afternoon, i ! l pregnancy receives only 20 per, fections, and a condition of being that | tof health, should conform to certain i I | relatively smail part of the ind | our state: i i | { toward the human factor. to catch up with existing surplus of de- | functions, but the opportunity for |return: bracing the entire population, and one | to perform the required work. Federal Supervision of Work- ers Is Favored on Eco- nomi¢ Grounds. Payment of adsquate wages, continulty of employment: or participation is the soundest plan “for unemployment in- surance which ean be found and reason- |able working canditions, including safe- guards from excessive risk from injury or disease, are:the chief factors in pro- moting the health and efficiency of in- | dustrial workers. This program was outlined by Dr. Wade Wright of the Harvard Uni- ersity Medical School. who spoke on ‘Minimum Stindards for Health in In- dustry,” at & morning session of the National Conference of Social Work in Calvary Bapfist Church. The general toplc for discussion was “Economic and Industrial Importance for Health.” Dr. Charles J. Hastings, commissioner of health of Totonto, Canada, presided. Dr. Wright said that ill health in in- dustry “is only to a relatively slight extent attributable to the influence of specific industrial health hazards, such as dusts or polsons.” He added: ‘A trial workers in the country are employed in plants maintaining health departments, Asks Federal Standard. “Governniental supervision of the health of industrial workers, through in- dustrial commissions and departments minimum’ stand; ards—stand than any attain e Adatien ned as yet in many of Bail y _E. Burritt, o of:ihe 8! . ®eneral director York Assoclation for Im- 10 proving the Condition of the Poor, declared disease and poverty are so nourished, 20 per cent with defects | Closely related that the prevention of of vision. 5 per cent with diseased disease and sickness would mean the practical “elimination of poverty. “Most poverty.” he added, “now bee ing dealt with Ly family welfare or- ganizations is inextricably related to families In which illness is a perma- nent factor." ‘Trade Value of Health. oot R B Chaddock of Columbia nivers e York, speaking on “Health Natlonal Economic® As: set.” sald: “Constructive health work need no4onger be defended on philan- thropic - and humanitarian grounds alone; it is a matter of economic or- ganization and can be valued in dol- lars and cents, “In tbe past the attitude of indus- trial management toward machines has been different from the attitude Mechan- ical equipment represented an invest- ment. 1f neglected or misused it not oniy failed to perform rent a result it did not the capital invested and a improving the | profit—all of which appeared in the health, the vitality and efficiency of the | balance sheet. But men, rapidly ex- apparently healthy, would still be with | ploited- and worn out, could be re- placed at any time when they failed The employer had not paid for their rear- ing, nor did he bear the expenso of thelr after care.” “PETE,” SOME MONTHS SHY OF 12, DELEGATE AT CONFERENCE but now that she is a year older she is thinking of omitting the nap. ‘Pete” came to the conference with her parents. Her father, L. H. Put- nam,. is executive secretary of the state board of children's guardians of West Virginia. 1 guess I was born to soolal work,” said “Pete.” “Anyway. I was born in a boys’ club In Mobile, Ala. I cer- tainly have lived in social work and I love it. If my daddy ever leaves social work for another job I am going to leave him. I will certainly be glad when I grow up and can do work with him in the children's or- ganization. SOCIAL WORK IS POPULAR FIELD FOR EDUCATED GERMAN WOMEN “Social work is the most populal profession for women in Germany, says Dr. Alice Salomon, dean of wom- en soclal workers in that country and president of the German National Conference of Social Schools, of which there are about thirty in Germany. “This work not only offers greater chances for usefulness and advance- ment, but is better paid than other work open to women. Men are just beginning to enter it. Preliminary training is required for entrance to these training schools for social work, just as is required for nursing or kindergartening. About 800 women a year are graduated from the various schools. For the first time in the his- tory of Germany men are this year attending what have heretofore | been considered distinctly ‘wamcn'l lachools.” Dr. Salomon is in Washington to read a paper on “Soclal Case Work as It Is Developing in Europe” at a sion next Monday morning of the National Conference of Soclal Work. Dr. Salomon, who is also director of the Berlin Training School for Social ‘Workers, gives the impression of hav- ing inexhaustible energy and of being a tremendously high-strung worker. She received the usual education of a girl of the educated class and later, taking up social work, organized group of girls which developed In time into a national body. She or- anized the first course for trainin, social workers in Germany in 1899. ‘This is_the present Berlin School for Bocial Workers. She is an officer of many important social reform organ- isations, and has been a prominent influence in the women's movement in that country for more _than years. She recelved her Ph. D. ?ofi'imm University for her thesis | I on the causes of unequal pay for the same work done by men and women. She has published several books. ““The thing I feel most important is to ‘bulld up a community spirit that will help bridge the gulf existing be- twlen the classes.” Harding Praises Social Workers :For Better U. S. : A greeting from President Hard- Ing declaring that “public author- itles and representatives of pri- _vate agencles engaged in the or- ganized effort to control and check disease, poverty and delinquency and other causes of human mis- :fortune are contributing substan- tially to a better citizenship and {a better America,” read at the opening session of the social con- ference last night, was tol- lows: t 18 a pleasure to join the city : of Washington in extending a wel- : come to the National Conference of Soclal Work for its fiftieth an- niversary session. Public author- ities and entatives of pri- vate encies engaged in the or- ani. effort to control and check isease, poverty, delinquency and other great cau of human mis- fortune, are contributing substan- tially to a better citisenship and a better America. “In the fifty years of its history, the National Conference of Social ‘Work has been the inspiration of many movements which have in- creased the sum total of American wellbeing. I congratulate the confersnce on its entrance fato § second Ralf century-of usefulness.” | honor by the Kiwanis Club in the | Westminster building. IEXPERT DESCRIBES [~ VETERANS IN JAILS Dr. Lorenz Says Majority Studied Were Found Feeble-Minded. More than 20,000 former service men were in penal institutions of the United States last vear, sald Dr. W. F. Lorenz, professor of psychlatry of the University of Wisconsin, at a morning session of the national con- ference of social work in the New York Avenue Presbyterian Church. The general topic discussed was “Mental Attitude and Intelligence as Soclal Health Factors." Dr. Haven Emerson of Columbla University presided. Other speakers on this sub- ject were Dr. Frankwood E. Willlams, medical director, national committee for mental hygiene, New York, on “Mental Attitude as a Soclal Factor,"” and Dr. Willlam A. White, super- intendent of St. Elizabeth's Hospital here, on “Unconsclous Motives De- termining Social Attitudes.” Describes Recent Study. Dr. Lorenz described the results of an investigation recently made by medical_experts connected Wwith the State University Medical School of Wisconsin. “The mafority of the former service men examined in prison were found to be mentally abnormal, and a high per- centage were feebleminded, with less intelligence than normal nine-yea old children.” said Dr. Lorenz. “One man who was definitely insane while in military service committed a mur- der ten days after his discharge, of which he has now no knowledge. He was insane when the crime was com- mitted. “The mentally abnormal and feeble- minded within the prison should be segregated and breach of prison dis- cipline by the irresponsible should not be punished in the same manner that may be necessary for the men- tally responsible. Proper vocational training in the penal institutions is necessary in order to rehabilitate the men. Prison management will be a simpler task if modern scientific methods are employed to classify the prisoners.” Valae of Tests. Dr. Robert M. Yerkes of the Na- tional Research Counci] here empha- sized the importance of “intelligenc in conserving public health Dr. Yerkes sald: “There is much ado about intelligence testing, and many are the wise and foolish claims and criticisms. ~ Nevertheless, mental measurement advances steadily. 1In 1875, practical measurement was un- recognized, perhaps also non-existent, and never in human history as we have been able to dizcover, had man’s experfence and behavior been observed systematically as an ald to medical, hygienic, educational nomic progress. In 1800 the sc study of these aspects of human life— comprehended in the term psychology vag well begun and appreciation of the practical significance of such in- formation was manifest. We know the status of the science of mental measurement at this time. Progress has been rapid and on the whole eminently safe. We may not believe all that is claimed, for there are in- competent as well as unscrupulous persons in the camps of psychologists and psychiatrists. ~Conservation and caution are in order. It is wise and well to prove all things, but it is also necessary that we have faith in the possibllity of progress, good will, and determination to make scientific in quiry increasingly Serviceable to man kind." i ALEXANDRIA. Special Dispatch to The Star. ALEXANDRIA, Va, May 1 ward Wilkins McBlair, two years oid, son of Mr. and Mrs. Richard McBlair. of 707 South ~Columbus street, died yesterday afternoon at the Alexandria Hospital as a result of swallowing a small quantity of lodine at the home of his parents. s Mrs. McBlair, mother of the infant, was upstairs attending to some household work when the child opened the cupboard in the dining room and found the bottle of poison, and innocently removed the stob per and took a fatal draught. The cries of the child attracted the mother, who immediately came down stairs and seeing the bottle still clasped in the hand of the child she realized what had occurred. ~Emet- ics were at once administered by the mother and a short time afterward the mother summoned a passing mo- torist and the child was rushed to the Alexandria Hospital. Dr. S. B. Moore was summoned and he used the stomach pump and did everything possible to save the life of the little —one without _ effect, the child living only two hours after reaching the hospital. The father of the child was not at home at the time. The mother is overcome at the loss of her child as also are the little brothers and sisters. The funeral will take place at 11 o'clock tomorrow morning and _the services will be conducted by Rev. E. M. Delaney, pastor of the Second Presbyterian Church, and burial will in Bethel cemetery. beEl’?glnoer Thomas Rowen, of the Southern Railway Company, dislo- cated his knee last night at Riverton, Va., while oiling his engine when | the board of a platform on which was standing gave way. The Pnin of which he was engineer was delayed an hour and a half till the services of another engineer could be obtained. Engineer Rowen was brought here on. his own train and taken to his home, 907 Prince street, and his injuries treated by Dr. M. laney. D e i eyager Wilder M. Rich and Director of Public Safety Faul Mor- ton are in Washington today attend- ing @ conference for the regulation of traffic during the Shrine conven- tion, and because of their inability to be present the meeting of city council, scheduled to be held this afternoon, has been postponed. It is expected that a large dele- gation of members of the Business 2nd Professional Women's Club will this evening at 6 o'clock attend the luncheon which will be given in their The Ladles’ Auxiliary of the Young Men’s Christlun Assoclation is mak- irg arrangements for the annual lawn party in compliment to the mmembers of the graduating class of the Alexandria High School on_the lawn of the residence of Mr. and Mrs. Harry B. Caton at Braddock. In ad dition to the students the members of the faculty will attend. The suxiliary has elected these officer: Mrs. Harry B. Caton, president; Mrs. Wililam Wattles, vice president; Mrs. Carroll Plerce, treasurer; Miss Lliza- Feth Ramey, eecretary. e’;‘:‘nly-flza traffic signs in different sections of the city, which are to be a guide for visiting motorists, have been placed in various parts of the city. The Old Dominien Boat Club Monday night will hold an informal housewar: to the members of that club. e work of painting the steeple of the market house, which is 180 feet high, i8 now in progress, and the high pinnacle at which the workmen are lo- cated attracts many persons. The painting of the steeple will complete the task of painting the interior and exterior of the city hall building. A fuse box on fire at 407 Prince street caused an alarm of fire this morn- ing. The fire was extinguished without the aid of the fire department. His Revenge. From London Opinion. “Now I've had my revenge.” said the shoeshop proprietor to his friend as a customer left, “Revenge?. How so0 “Well, the young lady who just ‘went out is & telephone operator. I gave heér the wrong number.” { the Hotel |its forelgn guests. I'only-way 1 Among the interesting women at- tending the Natlonal Conference of Social Work 1s Mlle. Marguerite Noufflard, general director of the hospital soclal work in Paris, who spoke today on hospital work In France. “The message which I wish to bring to you Americans,” said Mile. Noufflard, “is that the splendid work begun by your Red Cross in France during the war is not only kept up, but is growing all the time. We are going on with it and learning con- stantly from the methods you taught us. “Ten years ago hospital soclal serv- ice was unknown in France. In 192¢, Wwhen the Red Cross left Paris, there were eight hospital social servic: di- vislons working under two organiza tions. Today there are twenty-six under one organization Mile. Noufflard expressed great ad- miration for the high degree of or- kanization in the social service de- partment of some New York hospi- als. Mlle. Noufflard had a distinguished record as a nurse during the war. She was head of a clcaring hospital just established In the Alsne valley when that territory was captured by the Germans in 1914. Although she was the only woman to remain, she stuck at her post and cared for fifty men, some of them wounded Germans, until the battle tide turned and the territory was recaptured by the allles several” months later. ~ She - was CONFERENCE NOTES Herbert Hoover, Secretary of Com- merce, who Is chairman of the local Washington committee on arrange- ments, will attend the general ses- sion tomorrow evening in Memorial Continental Hall. Although not on the program, Secretary Hoover will make informal remarks. . He delivered an address before the National Conference at its session in Providence, R. 1., last year. Tea will be served at the College Women's Club, 1822 I street north- west, every afternoon from 4 to 6 p.m. in honor of the woman dele- gates. The privileges of the club- house are cordially offered to_the delegates during thelr stay in Wash- ington. A luncheon meeting on the subject “Prohibition, What It Has Done for America,” will be held tomorrow at 12:45 p.m. at the General Federation of Women's Clubs, 1734 N street. Speak- ers include Roy A. Haynes, Wayne B, Wheeler, Mrs " Elizabeth Tilton and Mrs. Mabel W. Willebrandt. Robert A. Woods of Boston will preside. The National Conference of Soclal Work will give a luncheon tomorrow at 1 p.m. in the Spanish gardens of Washington in honor of Greetings will be rresented from Poland, India, Nica- ragua, Mexico, England, France, Tur- key, Germs Austria_and Japan. Speakers will the official program. Allen T. Burns Is chairman of the luncheon. Eugene T. Lies of the Playground and Recreatlon Association of Ameri- ca is available at 1414 F street for conference on community recreation problems. Editors and others interested in social welfare publications will meet at luncheon tomorrow at 12:45 at the enguin Club, 1304 G street. Speak- ers include Paul U. Kellogg of the Harold S. Buttenheim of the American City, George J. Hecht of Better Times and Philip Jacobs of the National Tuberculosis Association. The annual conference reception and dance will be held tomorrow at 10 p.m. at the Hotel Washington. The American Child Health Asso- clation will serve tea every afternoon from 4:30 to 5:30 at its headquar- ters, 532 17th street northwest. The children's bureau, United States Department of Labor, 20th and D streets northwest, will give an in- formal tea today from 6 to 6:30 to members of the children’s division 1and others interested in child welfare. A housewarming of the new So- cial Service House at 1022 11th street northwest will be held Saturday from 4 to 6 p.m. All family case workers are invited. Miss Mary E. Richmond will receive and tea will be served. ‘The board of directors and the sec- retary of the local Y. W. C. A. will entertain the Y. W. C. A. delegates to the conference at tea on Sunday afternoon from 4:30 to 6 o'clock at 1333 F street. The reception rooms and library will be open every day to all delegates and tea will be served every afternoon. The editors of the Survey will give a luncheon to Survey associates and their friends Saturday at 1:15 p.m. at the Old Pierce Mill Tea House, Rock Creek Park. James J. Mallon of Toynbee Hall will be the guest of honer. Ambassador _Jules = Jusserand of France and Mme. Jusserand enter- tained as guests at luncheon at the embassy vesterday. Homer Folks, president of the National Conference of Soclal Work, and Mrs. Folks; Abbe Jean Viollet. 'of Paris, editor of L'Assistance Educative, and Mile. Annie Nouffiard, director of social service ‘in the tuberculosis hospital of Parls, Mr. Foiks organized and directed the department of civil affairs of the American Red Cross in France during the war. Abbe Viollet was a chaplain in the war and was wounded in serv- ice. Mille. Noufflard was awarded the croix de guerre for evacuating & hospital under fire. The opening day of the conference shows a registration of over 1,600 compared with 1,980 for the first two days of last year. The heaviest regl tration so far is from New York city and state; Pennsylvania and Ohlo— I—come second, while Maumachugetts and the District of Co- lumbia are running third. There are sixty-two representatives from Canada thus far. The conference, which is purely a discussion forum, has en- tered upon a full week with great enthusiasm. e Washington Council of Soclal W'!;l:kcr!. the Sterling Relief Assocla- be from among those ! forelgn guests who do not appear on | i i i i tion and the Tuesday Evening Club; Social Workers are serving a laulncheon to the visiting delegates to the National Conference of Social Work, in the cafeteria of the Phyllis Wheatley Y. W. C. A, at 1 p.m. Among 'th- purm::: ant‘ the this conference Bowles of the National Y. W. C. A., Mrs. E. F. Horne, Miss Edith Alston, Mrs. E. C. Day of the Big Sister Movement of Brooklyn - and Miss Hazel Lynan and Miss Bondine Lee NCE DEVELOPING HOSPITAL WORK U. S. RED CROSS BEGAN MLLE. ANNIE NOUFFLARD. awarded the crolx de guerra and glver a citation for her gallantry. She was a settlement worker before the war, and therefore well equipped for her social service work in the hospitals. DRY LETTER STIRS STATE RIGHT ISSUE Democrats Doubt Propriety of White House Interfer- ence With Smith. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. Democrats of prominence were fn day questioning the propriety of Harding's effort to influence Gov. Al Smith of New York to veto the repeal of the Mullan-Gage prohibi- tion law. Far from arguing the merits of the liquor question itself, the view ex- pressed by many of the champions of state rights was that President Harding had overstepped tradition and precedent in endeavoring to in- fluence the action of a state law and that if this effort is successful the fed- eral administration In the future will be tempted to reach out still further in extending the powers of the central government President Harding, however, did no act hastily. His letter was drafted after careful consultation and repre- sents Mr. Harding's matured judg- ment of his responsibility. His state ment that the Union cannot exis wet and half dry any more than could be sustained half slave and half free is based on the theory that the eighteenth amendment is a par | of the Constitution and as such is part of the state constitutions just | as much as is any other power spec cally held by the federal governm Wwhich it is the duty of the states tv uphold. State Rights Position. In opposition to this line of rea- soning is the contention of the state rights’ advocates that the eighteenth amendment in the first place usurped the police powers of the states and that the framers of the amendment knew it because they inserted in the amendment a compromise idea when they proposed that the federal gov- ernment and the several states shail have “concurrent jurisdiction” in en- forcing the amendment. Have the states, therefore, yielded anything to the federal government or ‘do they stand on a parity with the central "government? _ Are they obliged to accept the obligations of enforcement if they choose to do otherwise? Would it not be possible to increase the burdens of states by adding other obligations with re- spect to other federal laws and would this not break down the whole idea of state autonomy and sovereignty and erect a central government o: absolute powers? These are the questions democrat: are asking, and the queries, to b¢ sure, are in line with traditlona! democratic doctrine, just as Mr Harding’s policy is more reminiscent of the republican idea of a strong central government—the basic theo- ries which have been the subject of debate and discussion since the day- of Alexander Hamilton. Mr. Harding feels that apart from the legal complexities of the prob- lem of state enforcement, there exists an obligation on the part of the state of New York to sustain the fed- eral Constitution, whose amendments it has formally ratified. He is mnot disturbed by the argument that south- ern states ignore other amendments of the federal Constitution, but be- lieves @ developing public, sentiment ] will some day persuade the south to fall in line In that respect, too. In any event he doesn't accept the southern attitude as an excuse for northern secession on the cighteenth amendment, and feels he will rally the public opinion of the whole coun- try behind him in that cau: Meanwhile the politicians are not overlooking the effect which this con- troversy may have on the next cam- paign. Mr, Harding again reveals himself as 100 per cent dry and as against modification of the existing order, even to the extent of permit ting a state to repeal its laws. The democrats, who have leaned toward the wet side of the argument, and who attribute Al Smith’s overwhelm- ing victory in the Empire state to his dampness ‘on‘the prohibition questio think it will aid Al Smith nationall as well as the causg of modified pro- hibition. ) The republicans think—in fact, the hope—the 3Mullan-Gage repeal 1 eradicate Al Smith as a natfonal po- litical factor.! If he signs the.repeal bill, they think the public sentiment of the whole nation will rise, not ohly against him, but against the demo- cratic party.’ If he vetoes the bill the the democratic party and tend to kil republicans think Al Smith wiil spli the wet and dry issue for the nex campaign, driving the two big partic S0 _close 'together that no issue of importance will develop. Seldom, if ever, have the eyes of official and po litical Washington been turned with more interest, if not anxlety, toward of the Detroit. Mich., probation office.| the hands that holds the legislativ 3 Ethel Cochran. of Charleston, ;{iC nndeMrm ‘Wheedebee of Louls- ville, Ky., are also in attendance upon the conference. BRUCE ASKS GOV. SMITH SIGN DRY LAW REPEAL Only Way to Stop Intolerable Abuses of Prohibition, Says Maryland Senator. Senator Bruce, democrat, Mary- land, in a y Gov. Smith of New York to sign the bill repealing the Mullan-Gage prohibi- tion enforcement act. In his letter, made public by the Association Against the Prohibition letter yesterday urged|brought to an pen in a state capital. (Copyright. 1928.3 PAY IS INCREASED. Special Dispateh to Tha Star, FROSTBURG, Md., May 16.—The Frdstburg city council unanimou: passed an order ralsing the hourly pay of city employes to §0-cents and fixing a day at eight hours. Con- tractors doing city work are expected to ‘meet this requircmant, efective une 1. Justice and intolerable abuses created Ly national prohibition can be end is by. treading back the successive steps by which it _was reached. ‘And nowhere,” he added, “would the process of retracing these steps seem so naturally to begin as in the ndment, Senator Bruce, who was|repeal of state legislation enacted :l::ted_ lu%'u, declared that “the hich the grievous in-|forcement for the purpose of eiding the en- national prohibition.