Evening Star Newspaper, May 9, 1923, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR, With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY. .....May 9, 1923 THEODORE W. NOYES........Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Susiness Office, 11th 8t. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Offce: 150 Nessed ibe Office: Tower 5 Buropesn Otfce: 10 Regeat Bt., London, England. Star, with the Sunday morsing Gelfvered by carriers within the cfty nts per month; Gatly ooy, 45 copte goe : Bunday only, 29 cents pe ers may bo sent by ‘mall, or telephese Mata 8600, Collection is by carriers &t end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday..1y Daily only. Sunday only. All Other States. Daily and Sunday..1 y' Daily only. 1 Sunday oni Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Associated Press fs exclusively sntitled fo the ‘use for republication of all news dis- patel redited to it or not otherwise credited In this paper and also the local mews pub- llshed herel, Al rig) of publication of special dispatches herein alse reserved. International Peace and Politics. James M. Cox, democratic candidate | for President in 1 , and now recog:- nized as one of the principal proiag onists of the covenant of the league of nations, which was an issue in that campaign, in a speech in Chicago last night declared that the issue of inter- national peace was more outstanding | than any other brought up by either wolitical party, and should be taken out of politics. Whereupon it may be pertinent to observe that the league of nations s put into polities because ors placed in the covenant sions which the Senate, including some democrats, considered to be in- imical to American independence. Moreover, it may be observed that there is now pending in the Senate a truly non-partisan measure looking to the conservation of international peace, the proposal that the United States adhere to the protocel of the Permanent Court of International Jus- tice, which democrats and republicans alike consistently support. No one will dispute Mr. Cox’s declaration on the*importance of the issue of in- ternational peace, but there will con- tinye to be divided opinion as to the terms and conditions upon which the United States shall enter an interna- tional reement for its preservation. Mr. Cos said that if the question of international peace has not been set- tied by the next presidential election the democratic party would violate its faith should it refuse to take up the issue again. Does this contain a hint of an amended league of nations plan, climinating the features which the Senate found objectionable in the orig- inal league and which objections were sustained by the voters in 19207 1f so, the country would be glad to have the plan in detail. It must be re- membered that there is a strong latent sentiment in the nation for some kind of an international agreement to which e United States shall be signatory. The sentiment exists in both political parties. In the meantime, and pending bmission of a definite proposition, there is the world court plan, which Mr, Cox admits himself is good so far as it goes. Why not adopt that, while waiting for something proposed as su- perior in efficacy? Chaos in China. Peking orders the payment of the ransom demanded by the bandits who captured a number of foreigners and hinese from a derailed train. But who is to pay? The provincial authori- ties, practically independent of Pe- king, are not particularly concerned about the obligations of the one gov- ernment in China that is recognized the foreign powers. China is in a chaotic state political- “Armies” are maintained by sev- eral provincial and sectional leaders to a total. it is estimated, of at least 1,200,000 men, well armed and pro- vigioned. The authority of the Peking sovernment extends, in fact, scarcely heyond the confines of the capital it- =elf. Each of the independent organiza- tions is intriguing for edvantage in- ternationally, and meanwhile is defy- ing the central government. A rival South China government preserves a. form of organization, but is itself sub- iect to faction. How long this condition is to con- tinue cannot be foretold. But in view of the present happening, with the iives of Americans and other foreign- ers in the balance through lack of order and rule in China, it obviou: rannot be tolerated much longer. Yet international intervention is an ap- palling proposition, certain of develop- ment into the gravest complication can announced at Mascow, in Tespect to { economic matters, the fundamental | disregard for international obligations remains. Great Britaln having been beguiled by trade influences into ac- cepting relai'opship with Russia, now has reason tc regret the act. This present issue may let it out. A break with Rus~ia will merely re- store the status quo. Recognition, such as it has been, will be withdrawn, The government at London will re- quire the withdrawal of the Russian representatives and will withdraw its own from Moscow. Russia will be “isplated,” as far as England is con- i cerned. There will be no war. ! Britsh public opinion. it would {meem, generally supports the deter mination of the government to require complete recognition of the British rights, apology for affronts and com- pensation for losses and injuries. But there is. as usual, a labor offset to this sentiment, and the representatives of that party in parliament, it is expect- ed, will challenge the sharp terms of the note. The fact, however, is accom- plished. The note is sent. The issue is defined. The government cannot with- draw from its position. however strenucus may be the labor critictsm. Other nations will closely watch the result of this negotiation with. doubt- {less, in the main a hope that it will re- | sult in a break. The maintenance of relations between Great Hritain and 1, however conditioned and limit. is embarrassment to those have not consented to ment. an that the | | 1 The nzxme of Florida. Florida, in recent years made highly | prosperous by the advent of great numbers of northern tourists seeking its salubrious climate during the win- ter months, is in & way to lose its gains by affronting the national senso of decency and humanity. Its prison camps. lately brought into evidence through the disclosure of atrocities and crimes committed in them, have profoundly shocked the people of other states, as doubtless most of those of that statc itself. Legisiative investiga- tions have brought to light abomina- tions that should have been immedi- ately met with surely corrective ac- tion. But political considerations have operated to check the reforms, and to- day, with fresh disclosures coming, & disposition seerns to prevail at Talla- hassee to temporize and compromise. ‘The spectacle of men who have been caught in petty offenses farmed out to private individuals and concerns for their labor; of men and boys, regard- less of color or condition, beaten into helplessness and even to death; of pub- lic officlals hushed into silence; of in- fluential citizens contriving ways and means of continuing the abominable practices with a thin disguise and a show of reform—this spectacle has brought the state into serious disre- pute. And it cannot fail to injure the commonwealth. It will inevitably turn away from it many who would other- wise seek it for recreation and pos- sibly for investment and development. ‘The latest tales told of the prison farm atrocities are particularly shock- ing, for they not only reveal a flendish brutality, but a callousness on the part of many in responsible positions. The present issue is whether the lash is to be permitted in these camps as a means of maintaining discipline. On the one hand, it is contended that only through corporal punishment can the convict workers be kept in order and lat work. On the other hand, it is i urged that the evil does not lie in the lash so much as in the system of rent- ing out those who have been taken in the net of the law, a net that, it is evi- dent, has been flung unduly far and wide in order to catch the greatest possible number of potential laborers for the contract bosses. The whole system of convict con- tracting is evil. Until Florida aban- dons it there will be scandal. That system, and not the use of the whip or other means of punishment in the camps, is the real question at issue. The hope is that Florida, so highly fa- vored by nature and so richly endowed by the visitations of a growing multi- tude of tourists, will take the direct course to reform and definitely aban- don the atrocious practice that has brought it to shame. —————— The Sioux Indians will file suit egainst the United States government for $700,000,000. Among the items is & demand for payment for the slaughter of big game by the whites. At the present price of buffalo the total sounds none too high on that one ——————— President Harding, having accepted an invitation to join the Tall Cedars i of Lebanon, will be initiated at Mil-| ford, Del.,, early in June. The chosen “grove” will be able to point with | score atone. THE they can. A merry Sunday party sec a scrawny little dogwaod bush. Per- hays to show to each other their fa- miliarity with botany they scream, “There is a dogwood tree:” Then they pluck it and bear cff the branches as though they had done a favor to the BV As the sun rose over the water's dogwood and had given testimony of |rim the thumping of the engines their regard for it. To city persons|stopped. A flag was hauled half way who have a sincere fondness for the|up the mast, rippled a few moments country such actions are offensive.}in the vagrant breeze and finally They mark the destroyers as men and women who have no appreciation for wild things. A dogwood tree in bloom, its creamy bracts set among the dull green of pines or the fresh green of deciduous trees just coming into leaf is a pretty picture. The branches torn from a struggling tree and bundled into the car make a sorry picture. The flowers soon wither. Years ago the woods around Wash- ington were gay with dogwood trees that were of full tree size. They bare their white and yellow flowers in peace when spring came, and they were bright with crimson berries in the fall. The trees have been broken till they are now only of bush size, and saplings are not allowed 1o grow. At their first show of flowers fake nature lovers and untaught and untegchable nature “students” break them, At the present rate of destruction.a dogwood bush will soon be a. rarity in the wouds. W is true of the dog- woud is true of the redbud or circes canadensis. The wild azilea or “wild honeysuckle” has been almost extir- pated. It grows only in comparatively naccessible parts of the country, Once it was plentiful. People of the olden time generally gathered very little of it. Whether this was because the an- cients had better manners and mone love for beautiful things of natwre thun the moderns is a question on which men may diffe Eccentric Nature. This queer spring putting up some amazing tricks upon humanity in this part of the world. Following a winter of comparative mildness came a series of buddelaying, crop-injuring cold snaps and stormns. The northern migration of the sun-hunters was checked. Tin-canner tourists were stalled in the south long beyond their schedule. Then at last came the sun in this latitude in sufficient warmth to justify the discarding of overcoats. May 1 was gently warm, and May 5 brought out a few straw hats. Then, just as the conservatives were bring- ing forth the airy “lids” came a flare- back of jealous winter, a sharp drop in temperature and, in at least onc cit; & storm of snow and hail that actually stopped a big base ball game. A sclentist recently announced that the sun had lost some of its heat, and predicted @ cool summer in conse- quence. It is not known whetlicr this is & permanent or a temporary reduc- tion. The “big stove” has been glow- ing for untold centuries, countless eons, and so far as the pigmy records of mankind disclose it is as hot as ever. If it is cooling off it wauld be most extraordinary and contrary to the laws of nature for it to start with such a jerk as to cause a marked dif- ference from one seaton to another. There is no cause for alarm. These sharp drops and discouraging checks may be embarrassing and discommod- ing, but they do not spell the early end of things. —_————— An angler tells Evanston, 1., police authorities that he saw the death of Mount, the Northwestern University freshman, at the hands of hazers, and the police are announced to be “skepti- cal.” What is there about the avoca- tion of fishing that immediately makes doubtful the statements of followers of that sport? ———— Many extra policemen and de- tectives have been assured to the National Capital for Shrine week. Cannot some altruistic community lend us about 4,000 “white wings’ from June 8 to 15, inclusive? —————— Although the Germans lost Metz and Strasbourg as the result of the re- cent war, it begins to look as if Herr Krupp von Bohlen would stay on in one place or the other for about fifteen years. ——————————————— ‘When Detroit base ball fans build a bonfire out in center fleld even an umpire can take a hint. is Jacksonian democracy has received a Baltimorean boost. SHOOTING STARS. ©BY PHILANDER JOHNSON Rates. It won't be long ere the song of the sea, and possibly precipitating a general| Pride thereafter to a real piece of|And the sunshine that glistens so conflict in the far east. The fate of the hostages now held hy the Suchow bandits, important as it is to rescue them, is not so vital a natter as the restoration of order in China. Unless that country is to be avoided by all persons of other lands, as a region of savagery and deadly danger, the powers of the world must seelk a way to bring about at least much of- order and government as prev: within their own as there areas. ———————— * 1t is stated that King I'uad is at- tempting to withdraw from Egypt. It <eems as hard to keep sovereigns on the job nowadays as it is coal miners. @reat Britain and Russia. England’s ultimatum to Russia brings to a climax a relationship that has from the first been anomalous. Nothing but a commercial motive could have justified the assumption of direct dealings between the soviet gov- crnment at Moscow and that at Lon- don. From the outset of this arrange- ment it has proved embarrassing to Great Britain. Now it has proved un- workable, for the reason that there is no good faith on the Russian side, and England formally demands assur- ances and guarantees that, it is indi- cated in Russian dispatches, will not be forthcoming in satisfactory term: Grievances are recited in the Brit- ish note that disclose a complete lack of appreciation on the part of the soviet government of .the need of re- sponsibility in dealing with other na- tions. Despite the changes of policy | presidential timber. —————— An actress was dismissed from a Follies show because her “enunciation i { was not clear.” A Follies audience is always disappointed if it misses a single word, especially the “last —_——————— Dogwood. I There is a considerable and a grow-l ing interest in wild flowers. A na- tional society has the conservation of such things as its cbject, and there are branches of the soclety in many citles. Letters come to The Star on the sub- ject of saving flowering trees and shrubs, and the number of letters in- dicates a widespread feeling in this matter. A day or so ago a correspond- ent wrote: “Automobiles last Sunday were piled high with dogwood. It is no wonder that 8o little of that beau- tiful tree is now to be seen along the roads, for dogwood is fast going the way of rhododendron, laurel, pink azalea and redbud to extermination.” It may be set down as a rule that persons who are interested in nature do not destroy the things of beauty that grow in the country; the de-| stroyers are persons who know noth. ing of botany, know nothing of natu- ral history of any kind and have no eppreciation of nature. It seems rather popular to affect an interest in flowering shrubs and plants, and some persons perhaps feel that they are advertising their fine feeling for nature by bringing home from Sunday outings as many flowers and branches of blooming trees as bright and free, Will tempt us to wander once more *Where the summer hotels are so thick and so tall That the view you can buy is exceed- ingly small Of the waves as they break on the shore. ‘But each year we assemble and faith- fully try 2 To obtain all the pleasure our purses will buy; And we flgure by day and by night On a debt whose small items will hourly increase ° ‘Where freckles are twenty-five dollars apiece And mosquitoes cost ten centsa bite. Erratic May. Alas, for chilly days in spring That stay unduly late, Too cold for almost anything, And yet too warm to skate. Telling How. Some men sail de briny bay; Same kin hol’ de plow An’ some go on f'um day to day, Atellin® of ’em how. Work's & mighty serious thing, All yoh muscles it will wring, ‘Wif some few advice to bring, Adellin’ of you how. Some men studies late at night ‘Wif a troubled brew: An’ some recite mos’ impolite, A-tellin’ of "em how. Moses lookin® foh de lan’ Got instructions all first hand, ‘An’ nebber listened to de band Actellin’ of Rim Bgw. ; i I 1 hung down dejectedly with unflutter- ing folds. The Modoc drifted. It was Sunday morning, clear, crisp and cold out on the broad Atlantic. Tle low-1ying mists that spread their Lafing softness over the region of the Grand Banks, dragged listlessly atop the water. As the sun climbed Ligher Into the sky the mists melted, restless waters and the silent cutter. In the great quiet of the ocean it secemed as if the .Modoc had come to the very center of the world, And as proof, the sky fitted down evenly all ‘around the horizon. In a way, it was the center of the world the Modoc had reached that Sunday morning. The waters which carrled her with their will were con- secrated waters. The skies that laoked down with benignant calm had looked down, once before, upon & fur different scene on that self-same spot. The mists that rolled away had ' parted not -many yeurs before o uncover the sea’s greatest trugedy ©of modern times. It was the anniversary of that tragedy. The coast guard cutter Mo- doe had sought out the £pot. Eleven years before, almost at that hour, the westhound on her maiden had met her fate in those quiet waters. 1 | | l What happened aboard the Modoe that Sunday morning, in service to the brave men who went down with man's greatest ship, has st been officlally reported in full to he Treasury Department here, Capt. “hiswell's report to Col. Clifford, the | assistant secretary In charge of the coast guard, gives the full text of the memorial addres: _And by virtue of auld lang syne Col. Clifford’s mecretary, Mercer Ver- non, hus given me the privilego of reading the report. “From Commanding Officer to Com- mandant.” the report begins in the poctic way of such documents. And ther. cqually stirring. “Subject: = Memorial tante.” ‘With this good start, the first para- graph is Doldly numbered one. Not spelled out as we have written it here, but in the first figurc of our digits, thus: *[ And tlien (there being n second paragraph in the report though it is broken into paragrapl here) the report follows: “Being on ico patrol du the vicinity of the spot wherc Titanic crashed into an icebe sank cleven years ago today, it was deemed appropriate for. this ship to Service—Ti- v and BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. Former Grand Duke William Ernest of Saxe Weimar, who has just passed away without attructing much at- tention at one of his many chateaux in Germany at the age of fifty, was one of those sovereigns of the confederation known as “The German Emplire” that vacated his throne in November, 1918, without For, possessed of &n enormous for- tune inherited from his Dutch grand- mother, and averse to the tyranny to which he had always been sub- jected from Berlin, he was only too glad to be emuncipated from the in- tolerable tutelage of the kalser. to be relieved of all the many duties. obligations and restriction of ruler- ship, and to become free to spend his life and his vast weaith with his wife and children according to his own inclinations, and with no other regard than for his own comfort and happiness, and for theirs. 3 He_leaves a widow who was Prin- cess Theodora of Saxe-Meiningen, and | three children, his eldest boy and namesake now eleven years oid, be- ing the principal heir of his great property which was vastly increased at the time of the revolution in 1918, when his private fortune was supple- mented by the large sum which he received from the new Republic of Thuringia by way of compensation for the relinquishment of his rights to the state forests and crown lands. to the varfous national palaces and museum, all of which were owned jointly by the ruler and the nation. But the park containing the so- called “Furstengruft” or mausoleum of the formerly reigning house of | Saxe Weimar, was allowed to con- tinue in the undisputed possession of the dynasty on the understanding that the park should remain as there- tofore accessible to the public. * *x ® % The park and tho mausoleum—the Ila.tter well lighted and environed by flower-decked ground, that conveyed the impression of a beautiful garden rather than a cemetery—has been the bourne of many an American pilgrim- age. For, the mausoleum contains the remains of one celebrated person- age, not scion of any sovereign house, |namely, those of the world-famed !German poet Goethe. Until a few !years before the great war, the mau- i soleum also contained what were be- {1leved to be the remains of the other celebrated German poet, Schiller. But, scientifioc investigation of the most searching character, and, above all. anthropometrical and phrenological measurements, resulted in the discov- ery that the bones asserted to have been those of Schiller could not pos- sibly have been those of the author of “Willlam Tell,” and, accordingly, they were ejected with ignominy from such {llustrious company and entomb- in a nameless grave elsewhers, leaving Gosethe alone in his glory, with the hundreds of princes-and princesses of the ancient dynasty of Baxe Welmar, The .poet owed this honor to the Grand Duke Charles, the friend and patron of both bards, and the father of old Empress Augusta of Germany, consort of the first Emperor Willlam, and who was, indeed, brought out un- der the auspices of Goethe, who di- rected her education. . * % k% The mausoleum where the late Grand Duke Ernest has just been laid to rest, beside his predecessors on the throne, and scores—nay, hundreds —of the members of his house—has this particular peculiarity, that it is the only one in Europe, so far as I am aware, where speolal provision is made to prevent premature burial in the case of suspended animation. bodies are placed in their ufig;%,r“—mph-;l until they-havé leaving only the vault of blue, the | memorial | nearly | any undue regret, and on the friend- | liest terms with his former subjects. . ENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., WEDNESDAY, MAY 9, 1925 S THE WAYS OF WASHINGTON BY WILLIAM PICKETT HELM | pay some small tribute to those whd lost their lives by that catastrophe. “Therefore having arrived at 41-46 north latitude, 50-14 west longitude, by sunrise the vessel was stopped and allowed to drift with flag at half mast. “At 10:00 a.m. 75th Meridian time, all hands were mustered on,the quar- ter. deck. Lieut. Smith delivered a short and pleasing memorial address and Dr. Laye offered prayer for those ‘who lost their lives, after which the escort fired three volleys and the bug- ler sounded taps. “Colors were then hoisted two blocks, muster dismissed and the ves- sel resumed patrol dut, By request all vessels in the vicinity observed radio silence from 10:00 to 10.05 a.m. “The service was cntered into by all and was quite {mpressive.” That was all, save for the accom- panying copy of Lieut. Edward H. Smith's address. Graphically and poetically, Lieut. Smith described the great tragedy. He told of the gavety aboard the liner the night befors the crash; he told of the clear, dark night; of the vessel's entrance’into the arctic cur- rent; of the officers bundling them- selves in overcoats; of that great floating “glory of 1ight” in the dark- ness twenty-iive miles to the east— the giant berg wigh the cruel hidden ledge that ripped open the liner's . the liner! A spoke of the wheel in the helmsman's han wonuld have cleared her of danger. before the bridge officer’s blurry took nd almost under “On _comes 1y abead “From the crow’s nest came the lookou territied hail! Too late! The | big ship had hardly begun to swing before sche struck Careenin {lunged on. The bridge platin, like puper.”” And then the voung tho fear and contust decks: of the order, cdren first’ ripped rat told of he sl women and ; of the Lravery of the men who stayed behind: of the band. | trembling on the plunge into the un- known, ‘sending across the dark waters the melody of its last tun It all comes buck to me like vester- da for the reporters who covered thai greatest of great stories hav indelible use to remember. And one thins comes back that the Modoes | oratar did not say in his memoriul zd dress. As the vessel head, the band w the tune it pliyed And went down by s playing still, ¥ God, earer 1o thee n though it be — _ Sumewhere, T know, when the Mo- doc’s bugler sounded taps therc came back the echo, “Nearer, my God, to thee." to thee 1 esinel s PomeReigtontor ibls shipito | T “NeaTer my God,ito dHoartl | Bell Provided in Tomb of Late German i : spent of rec In the fi —for: considerable time ir ng vault the mausoleum. zers of the corpse ar erly strings—but now electric wires which communicate with an alarm. In fact. the least pulsation of life will start the ringing of a bell in an adjoining chamber, where a guard- lan is always o watch, and who at once secures, by means of telephone, immediate medical attendance. It is not until after resting two | or three weeks in the receiving vault that the strings or wires connecting the remains with the alarm bell are severed, the corpse finally placed in the sarcophagus, - and the latter sealed. There is a gruesome tradition in the royval house of Saxe Weimer to the effect that one of its members was burled alfve, and whether this is true or not, the fact remains that the Fyrstengruft is the onl mauso] (;Inn in Europe. where precautionary measures have been adopted for the t hundred years, in spite of veral of the scions ©of the dynasty have fgiven in their Wwills special instructions that steps should be taken by their medical men 10 be absolutely sure that they were really dead before the entombment x % % % The late grand duke married—the first time. unhappily. Indeed, his consort, a princess of the house of Reuss. had been forced against her will into the marriage for political purposes by former Em- peror Willlam, and died, it has always been understood. by her own hand, though every effort was made to con- ceal the fact. Until the birth of Princess Juliana of the Netherlands in 1909, the late grana duke was through his Dutch grand- mother the next heir to the throne of Holland. and this caused him to be regarded with marked ill will by the subjects of Queen Wilhelmine, For they were convinced that in the event ©of his succeeding to_their throne he would bring the Netherlands into the confederation known as the Ger.. man empire at the cost of their polit- A above all, of ingptnacn thelr economic. oreover, they w that in the event of thel [ 3ny attempt to oppose his ormer Emperor William would vade Holland in support of the gra.i:d duke's claims. As soon, however, as the Dutch realized that tho sun of Emperor Willlam had set—for 11 time—they hastened to enact an amendment of their national cons:i- tution and laws. excluding from the succession to their throne of any German prince. They considered this necessary, in view of the fact that the life of Princess Juliana, now only {gg{:e::.;w‘: 2 :Eatl stood between and the las St W te grand duke & the matter stands now, in event of anything untoward happen: ing to Princess Juliana—the hope the entire Dutch nation—the succe: sion will be determined by a con- stituent assembly composed of both houses of the national legislature, which will “undoubtedly ~decide in favor of a restoration of their old- time republic, the “rise” of which has been recorded in so inspiring and popular- a fashion by that eminent American _diplomat and historian, John Lathrop Motley. Aok kK It may be recalled in conclusion, that the formerly reigning house of Saxe Weimar is more widely known on this side of the Atlantic than that of any of the other petty sovereign- ties 'of the Germany of the past, not only through the association of thé great grandfather of the late grand duke with Goethe and Schiller, and of the gatronage accorded by his grandfather to the Abbe Liszt, but also through the visit of Prince Max- imillian of Saxe Weimet for sclentific purposes, as the friend of Humboldt @ hundred vears, and the adventures of Prince Willlam as a waliter, and as & riding master in New York under the name of Rohde, and the unpleasant notoriety achieved here by his son, Prince Herman, now Count Ostheim. was twice i convinced r making succession, IN A FEW WORDS I have no fear of red anarchy or enervating socialism for the United States. There are some parlor pro- pagandists who spend much time de- vising methods of instilling their so- cialistic principles into our school: but the only antidotes necessary for these persons are the Bible and the 1ife of Abraham Lincoln. 3 —SECRETARY WORK. England is only a middle-aged country, and never more solid, never more Steady and confident than to- day. All that is necessary is to give & ieg-up to the bulwark of the coun- " SSTSA00R 6. manver, | Enthusiasm and animation are the backbone of every successful busi- ness. Give 'me fifty" red-blooded young men and I will accomplish more in seeing that the republicans and democrats uphold the Constitu- tion than a thousand wishy-washy politicians who are always talking about what they are going to do. —BRIG. GEN. CHAS. G. DAWES. Every man, of course, should save for the proverbial rainy day, but I do not believe in the theory of thrift| as a necessal basis for a fortune. 1 never sa any:money before I T4 —HENRY FORD.. ol e placed | Politics at Large ‘The administration has set out upon an aggressive policy along political lines and from now on will cease to take the attacks of a bold and mili- tant democracy “lying down.” administration intends to demand credit for benefits and progress which it claims to be due to republican management and control of govern- ment and to refute aspersions upon its works and those-of Congress. Cab- inet officers will from time to time take the fleld and expatiate upon the signs of the times and republican achievements. Secretary of Commerce | Hoover spoke Tuesday night in New | York before the Chamber of Com- | merce of the United States, and while‘ his speech was not partisan political- ly, Inferences could easfly be drawn favorable to republican prestige. Postmaster General Harry New will speak Thursday at Mansfield, Ohlo, at the John Sherman centennial celebration, taking for his toplc “Harding Prosperity.” That subject, in the hands of Mr. New, a politician of parts, should lend itself to treat- ment of ‘a broader political nature in the effort of the speaker to draw closer connection between good leg- islation and administration and good times, The Chair: Adams of the republican national committee, how- ever, “bcat them all to it when he issued a statement following Secre- tary of the Treasury Mellon's fore- cast of a Treasury surplus June 30, claiming credit for the administration. He claimed that the forccast “fur- nished further striking evidence of the benefits accruing to the American people through the business methods of republican administration.” Chairman Hull, of the democratic national committee is expected to make some terse comments upon the claim of the republican national chairman. * ok k¥ The uth, supposed to be 100 per {eent democratic and loyal to the pla form and policies of that pa vo broken out fon to proteeti principles. A delegation of southern agriculturalists, headed by u former governor of Georgia, ited the { White House Monday and protested to the President against the tariff commission reopening the tariff | {schedule affecting vegetable oils. ] In his reply to the visitors Presi- ldent Harding made it known that the { commission could recommend ralsing the tariff, as well as lowering it, to correct any manifest fnequality or iny justice which investigation might how. He disclosed the policy of the ommission and his own intention in acting upon re-examinations of schedules very .succinctly in this tement, part of other remarks. “T know the commission is in har- with the general policy which tried to cnunciate to you. you have gotten survey of fleld of production and the nec- information on which to base fon there is only one of two s to do, elevate or ‘lower the 1 do not ses how in these cir- stances you could be injured in ny way. You cannot under any cir- umstances, if the tariff is a fair one, because it is the intention of the law and the President to give that just protection to American _industry which is the purpose of the new la: ek Deploring the inavitable uneas which js created when ment is made of a survey to be un- dertaken of an Industry, the Presi- dent sounded a note of rcassuranc “I have cautioned the commission, he said. “that the government does not mean to throw a monkey-wreneh into the machinery at a time when we are all trying to recover full {from industrial and agricultural de- pression, ou surely that sident would proclaim no re tion of the tariff unless there v very pronounced reasons for it the President would he just modification ecither way onl most striking evidenc> of :lie ne ¥ for such a change in rate the § el i * ** o { One of the objections urged in Con- gress against the adoption of th flexible tariff provision under whic: the President and the :arift com sion could effect a ~hange in Tates t0_remedy obvious failure to main- tain protection, or showing over-pra- tection, was that there would be dis- turbance of buSiness whsn any schedule should be challenged and in process of investigation. The tarff schedules are hairtrigger proposi and trade responds quickly to turbing touch laid uvon them. But as the President pointed out to tho visiting southerners, in the long § run no industry coull bo hurs if tha tariff finally agreed upon was a tair ne. maintaining adequ. protec tion without furnishinz lurkin ! place for monopoly whizh would in- jure the public at large. Of course. ! free traders and low-tarif advocates | can never be convinced that a pro- | tective tariff is anything else than a shelter for monopoly with consequent | profiteering. Yet, these men from the hitherto low-tarift south might be considered as being lving ex- emplars of the benefits of protection when they come to protest against changing their schedules. ¥ ¥ % %k Friends of David Houston. Secretary of Agriculture aad later Secretary of the Treasury under President Wilson, are starting a boom for him for the democratic presi. tial nomination. of which there £ood deal of discussion in democ circles in Washington. Tne suxgey- tion of his availability as a candidats is based upon the knowna apprecia- tion in which he is h2!d by former President Wilson. This is classed as an asset for Mr. Houston on ground that Mr. Wilson's prefere for a candidate will have grent weignt with many democrats. Therd is no question that, as President, Mr. Wil- 1 | tormer ¢ | 8on held Mr. Houston {n high esteem, regarding him as one of the most valued members of his cabinet, * ok kX% Practical politiclans In the demo- cratic ranks, however, are said to_be appraising the avallability of Mr. Houston as a candidate with a cold and fishy eye; with no disparagement, however, of his worth and merit and his high executive ability as shown in the administration of his two cabi- net positions. They are looking him !careflllly up and down as a potential vote-getter for the democratic party. | Apart from the value of Mr. Wilson's friendship for him, democratic politi- cians who may be expected to wield influence in the nominating conven- tion are-said to fear that Mr. Houston is lacking in some practical assets considered indispensable to a success- ful capdidate for a nomination. * ¥ % % In the first place, they point out, he will be accredited to Missouri, and it is contended that “democrats al- ready have Missouri” and do not need to go there for a candidate. Next, it is argued that Mr. Houston has no machine of his own in Missouri, and therefore no means of building up strength in the primaries for the choice of delegatés to the convention. | Mr. Houston’s friends recognize the cogency of many of the points raised against their man, and say that his best prospects will lie in the event of a deadlock in the convention, result- ing in opening the way for a “dark horse.” Everybody thinks that with the large number of entries in the fleld, a prolonged serles of ballots for choice is-sure to come, and when the cholce narrows down among two or three candidates for the nomination, the Wilson-faction may spring Mr. Houston as a compromise. At such a stage, however, other democrats say that former Justice Clarke of the Supreme Court may also put in a claim for Wilson sup- port and contest the Houston aspira- tioni It is an interesting outlook, full of many. possibilities and also containing elements of & surprise. {-—contirmed, too, by the migration of CAPITAL KEYNOTES BY PAUL V. The Department of Commerce rates the “theoretical purchasing power” of the farmers at 102% in 1922, taking the purchasing power in 1913 as the index of 100. The Department of Agriculture says the farmer's dollar is worth only 69 cents. The superficial critic says one or the other must be wrong. Yet both are right—according to Henry Wallace, Secretary of Agricul- ture.” So savs also Secretary Hoover of the Department of Commerce. Perhaps this is the first time in the history of mathematics that 1021 is the same as §9—or that both are co: rect answers to the query: How far the farmers? * K % % A great “tempest in a teapot” has been stirred up over the alleged dis- crepancy between the two sets of figures, but there is an “inside story"” behind it all, which adds to the per- sonal interest. It is alleged that the true animus of the present controversy betwecen the Country Gentleman of Philadel- phia and the Secretary,of Agriculture dates back to a bit’of rivalry of journalism, when Editor Wallace was digging dirt In Jowa and editing Wallace's Farmer, whils Editor John- fon was cashing ‘checks in Philadel phia and writing farm stuff for the Country Gentleman which would help prove to eastern manufacturers that the farmers reached by the side part- ner of the ladles’ great magazine, were plathoric and profitable an- swerers of advertising. It was “meat” for the Philadelphia farmer to catch Farmer Wallace in supposed loose figures, and write broadsides, editorially demanding that he be dismissed from the cabinet for not knowing his three Rs. * % ¥ % The controversy has been taken up by varfous others, including a noted writer on business topics, who gloats over ‘the 102%, showing that the farmer is more prosperous than nor- mal 100. Also, some farmer associa- tlons, comprising thousands of farm- er: ve written in to learn where the “joker” is. for they say they have mot realized that they were above par in_ prosperity and they wanted it explained. ~ The 1021 seemed extremelv at iance with all other light the country has had concerning the status of agriculture farm population’ to the cities. In answer to a letter of inquiry from a farm association, Seccretary Wallace has written a long letter, in which he points out that the two sets of figures are from very different standpoints, and they not only do not conflict with each other, but they are in no way comparable. ¥ Taking up the Department of Agri- culture's index, first, shaws that: “This index number (68) doecs not purport to show the purchasing power of the individual farmer, nor of farmers generally. What it does show is the purchasing power of units of farm products, expressed in other commodities. ake the year 1913, for example, a base from which to make comn- parisons. In that year the corn grower could take 100 bushels of corn to market and with the money received for it could buy and haul home a certain quantity of other commoditie * x ok * “Taking 1913 as a base and letring 100 represent the major farm prod- ucts In that year, our calculations in- dicate that 69 would represent the purchasing power of the same farm products in 1922 e ! It must be noted that the above bas | nothing to do with the farmer's net profits_on his farm comparison of the purchasing puwer | of the finished product, in = stipn-| lated m sure, when used to purchase ! other commodities, in 1813 and i 1922, | Lo R The index of the Department of Commerce is not based upon 100 | bushels, or any other specific meas- ure. but is based on the * sing power of total farm products,” and in this estimating of the total value of all farm products, it is the gross | value, with no attention paid to the | increased cost of production—the in- | creased wages, cost of machinery, etc. ‘There is a considerable increase of | farm acreage since 1913, as there has | been a great increase of population both in cities and the rural districts. The fact that, with the greater acre- age and greater number of farmers | since 1913, there i8 an increase of 31 | per cent in the total farm products, | as measured by the increased amount of other commoditics they will pur- EDITORIA Davison Memorial Scholarships and Anglo-American Accord. “Well wishers of perpetually amic- able and co-operative relations be- tween the British empire and the TUnited States, steadily advancing to- ward the ideal of a united English- speaking world. will hail the founda- tion of the Davison trust fund for | that | bought elsewhere. COLLINs. chase, findicates nothing significant nor guiding, EREE The 69 per cent, as indicated by the Department of Agriculturc. is wha the purchasing power of a definite unit or index of standard crops wil buy in 19 s comparcd with 160 in 1913, If the total value of the 1922 "crops and stock will exchan for 215 per cent more in 192z thar the total would in 1913, in spite c the lowered value per unit in 192 then the total quantity in 1922 mus: have been very much greater than 1913—due to increascd 3 stock or a shifting to more valuab! items. There is nothing contradictor) two sets of figures: they sir ply deal with two different question For example, there were in 1913, 5 184,000 acres in wheat, and in 1922 ther: were in wheat, 56,770,000 acres, With out trying to quote the exact prices it is easy to see that 100 bushels of whea might in 1922 b worth only 69 per cent of “what 100 bushels were worth 1913, in exchange for merchandise a machinery, even though the oss greater yield per acro and the exces acreage of 6.356,000 acres, might m the total 215 per cent more in v: than was “the crop of 1913. although measured by « 69 per cent unit. * ok So both the Ty merce and Agricuiture_arc correct, “the government at Washington ilves. Neither set of figurcs ind in the mo: labor and was covered by of over 000 f within the last rtment of Agriculturc that the farmer, on an about came out cven, after paying lab.» and marketing, having left for his work only the food and sheiter of him- self and family, with profits equaling only the labor value of tha cxtra wo: given by his “‘women folks and dren.”” And that counts no intcrest o his average investment of some $16,000 This does not refer to gentlemen of the citles who farn_ over n desks and fertilize with checkhook: plenished by papfessional labors ir 1t means “dirt farmers. It sald to have confidence game in N bunco man to approach stranger and offcr to Brooklyn bridge at a fause tho e needed the for some spe emergency. dute, however, the brid, been carried away by any purcl In Washington the case §s reversed. Since the completion of the millior dollar Key bridge, the old Aqueduc: bridge is to be abandoned and torn down, under the act of ‘Congress Along comes a reputable and re- sponsible citizen, posting $1.000 as . guaranty of good faith, who wants to buy the old bridge, but the gov ernment hag no authority from C Bress to sell it or to do anything with it but tear {t dgwn—and no uppro- priation availablé for the cost of de- stroying Enginecrs of the covs ernment the piers are di grating. and that the brdige is ur safe. The would be buver, ins ing from the he wants to buy. declares that tho ‘ashington Monument will crumbl and fall before those piers weak for thev show the best masc America, Surely the world is up down wlhen the owner discou property and the intending buy fends it When the Department of Commerca letes its survey of retail busis s and starts to standardize busie ness methods, let it take cognizance } of the cthics of retail bridgec bars gains. nth by the Tt showed average, just o ign of Old Glory way adopted there was another desig proposed. Tt represented a rattle- snake, led ready for a strike, and the s n, Don’t tread on me!” Some recent indications suggest thal rattlesnake flag might fit th marines 2t Quantico -in their cam paign against Fredericksburg. Tn view of the marines' failure to bring about the dismiesal from the Fred- ericksburg police force of an office alleged 16 have attacked .and beaten a marine. the whole detachment off marines at Quantico—some 4,000 of them—swear to boycott Fredericke- burg merchants and ignoro the city absolutely. Officers who have been renting homes in the city are build- ing houses at the camp, and they say the supplies for the eamp will ba In addition, the marines have raised & fund of about $2.500 with which to prosecute tha case of assault against the polices man. Gen. Butler, in command, savs, ‘The marines never quit, just bes cause their outposts are driven in. That's a slogan for the “devil dogs. equal to Paul Jones' “Wae've just be- gun_to fight!™ Without xpressing any judgment in this particular ca t is well tha due respect for the American sold be enforced at all times when t man in uniform conducts himself ay a soldier and a gentleman. (Copyright. 1923, by P. V. Celline.) their broadened viewpoint will caus4 world affairs to do a somersault” the News regards as ‘“somewhat ene thusiastic,” for “the Cecll scholarships wers hailed as the plers upon which the great bridge of amity between the English speaking peos ples was to be built,” and these pres dictions “proved somewhat extrava " since “relations between tha mpire and the Americau Before tha a the education of Oxford and Cam- bridge men in leading American uni- versities_as a decidedly favorable step.” Thus the Manchester Union expresses the prevailing newspaper { Sentiment with regard to the an- | nouncement just made by the widow of Henry P. Davison of the estab-| lishment of the Davison memorial Scholarships at Yale, Harvard and Princetin. As the American press sees. it, this new foundation twill prove a valuable complement to the Rhodes scholarships, and_should go far toward carrying on the work ‘of friendliness and understanding with which the Rhodes fund is generally credited. Not only is this foundation “a fit- ting memorial to an American oft- izen of broad vision and splendid, achievement,” oonsonant with the ideals of the man in whose memory it is established, but, in editorial opinion, a practical step in the direc- tion of realizing the ideals of inter- national_good-will that distinguish- ed Mr. Davison. As the New York | Herald outlines the pla he' fund | will enable six Eritish students cach | year to spend at least one year at] Harvard, Yale or Princeton. Three to_come from Cambridge and three from Oxford * * * Just as in the administration of the Rhodes scholarships an effort is made to send to England from the United States young men of the best American type, so will the Davison scholars be chosen as representative of the high- est type of English university man" The underlying purpose of the. foundation, as the New York World interprets 'it, “is to promote good- will between the two countries through closer understanding and personal contact” and the' paper feels that “in no way can this be more surely effected than by the in- timate association of individual rep- resentatives passing from English universities to American and back agai The practical value of the plan, the Jersey City Jc.rnal says, was quickly recognized by the heads of the three American colleges con- cerned. “All three mot only believe that the plan is of valye as some- thing that serves to cement the mutual respect of the two great branches of the English-speaking race, but that the men from the Eng- 1sh colleges will bring elements of value to the student life of American universities.” Presenting_an unusual viewpoint, the Detroit News finds “no occasibn for excitement” over the positive re- sults to be achieved through student . “Those Who prophesy that the Davison scholars through {and a g | B people have flowed along in thei ustomary course, with sowme ripples of discord, a rare wave of ill-feelin n neral capaclty on the eaoh to mind_its own business which “individual scholars aud have made “slight differ- Nevertheless, the New Yurk T: contends. “we must belic good for internetional Leen achieved through scholars going fr English universities,” and it is con< fident that “equal good will resul from the coming, through Mrs. Davi+ sons’ wise bounty, of British studenty from those same British universitie to study in three of our chief seat of learning." The great value of thiy student exchange, as the Tribuno analyses it, “lies in the fact thas the impressible period of their livi they will serloasly and thoroughl: study the land In which they arn domiciled and enter into the fulles:* possible comprehension of its real irit and genuls, and, thereafter, in eir own lands be enduring cenfers of influence for accurate information and just appreciation.” “There aro plenty of ambitious, intelligent bo. in England who would grab at thi chance to get an education,” th Louisville Post is sure, and while “some of them might go back to Eng- land to live, & majority would prob. ably decide'to remain on this side.” Until now “too little has been_done to attract students to_ the United tates,’) and that is why the New York Times regards the Davison scholarship plan &s “so important.” Even though begun on"a small scale “it furnishes a much- needed prec-~ edent. Undoubtedly it will-serves as a stimulus and {n the coming years more effort will be mado to bring English and other forei students to our universities.”” Other writers egreo that Mrs. Davison has bun made a beginning in & movement that should " be widespread. The Utica Press finds it “surprising that so little has been done in this direction, par- ticularly when it is recalled that the federal government -t tho initi- ative” when it refused-the indemnit due from China for the Boger upris- ing and put the money into, fund to educate Chinese in this country ow that the door has been opened by the Davison foundation. *let us have other funds,” entreats the New York Post. funds “which shall encourage British students who are pot from Oxford or Cambridge to spend two or three years at somo of our lead- ing western universities or technical schools. A Britisher who ‘went ail the way to the Paciflo cosat-for tirea years at the Unlversity of Californiu or Leland StanYotd "rmright properiy claim to know something about thig country.” A { . huna ! ¢ that much amity has the American ta » Rhodes / 4 \