Evening Star Newspaper, April 26, 1923, Page 6

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THE EVENING STAR, With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTION, D. C. THURSDAY.......April 26, 1983 oy et o GBS THEODORE W. NOYES. wc- s Evening Slar Nowspaper Company quw’emu. 11th St. I‘Hu'l?-’\vla"l Ave. m'ny oo Tower Bulldl: European The Eveai with the Busday moraisg wditlon, i defivered by carriors within the city 760 cents pec mouth: daily only. 45 cents peT S o el o Gaiephove Mala . o ; 3500, " Colcetion 1o’ made b ™ at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Daily only. Sunday only All Other States. - v 10.00; 1 ma., - $37.00! 1 mov, oo Sunday only......1yr, $3.00:1mo. 25¢ Member of the Associated Press. Toe Associated Prows ia exclmively entitled to the use for repoblication of all mews dls. atcles eredited tn it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the lecal news pub- Tished ‘hereln. Al rights of publication of anecinl dispatches herein are also reserved. I i Not a Paramount Issue. When President Harding in his New' York speech declared that the proposal of American adhesion to the International Court of Justice was not a paramount question he stated e fact supported by the evidence. As he said in his address. "It is in har- with platform pledges, candi- al promises, and. I believe, with American aspirations.” So the sug- gestion may be regarded as the status auo. Certainly it is nothing new. Consider the national platform of | the republicans in 1920, by which they were swept into power by that seven. million majority We pledge the coming republican administration to such agreements with other nations of the world as shall meet the full of America to civilization and manity, in accordance with Ameri- can ideals, without surrendering the t of the American peopla to ex- se its judgment and its power in favor of justice and peace.” Some of the very scnatars who are arrayed in opposition to the sisted in framing | hat platform. ail republicans assent- ed to it and the campaign was fought and won upon it. Where is the con- cy iR their attitude today? Or, he platform of 1918, which specifically advocated a- world court “We believe in the peaceful - settlement of international disputes and faver the establishment of 2 world court for that purpose.” Again 1812: “It (the republican party) belicves most earnestly in tie peaceful settlement of international disputes and i1 the reference of all controversies between .nations to an International Court of Justice.” This the identically named institution to which President Harding proposes ad- | hesion at this time. As the opposition is analyzed and as logic explodes the asserted ground for it, that the world court is en- trance into the league, there is likeli- hood that the people will become suspicious. that the real animus may Test in opposition to the President’s renomination. —_——————— An I. W. W. Strike. TIndustrial Workers of the World— somctimes called the “I Won't Works” —are staging a ship strike centering in New York city. .On the eve of the st including ships’ crews and dock- men, it is claimed that 30,000 would walk out, but at latest accounts only one ship was affected sufficiently to prevent sailing, Shipping men said! that “less than a dozen” ships were v handicaped. The places were quickly filled. Ship operators refuse to have any dealings with the organization and decline to open negotiations for adjustment. 1t is surprising that this 1. W. W organization is able to maintain its existence. Tt ig thoroughly discredited as a labor body. Tt has no standing with the larger labor associations and unions. Tt is recognized as a radical influence and its leaders have been{ dispersed and some imprisoned. Yet it seemingly succeeds in recruiting its ranks to some extent by appealing to the “red” type of worker. Its claim of a membership of 30.000 among the | shipmen may be correct on paper. but. { Judging: from the strike reports. not @l of these members are disciplinied | to the point of obeying orders. Tn the wost the I W. W. has been| heretofore strong, especiall among the mbermen and in some of the larger | cities. -There will probably alwaysj be some form of association among, the more radical of the discontented and they will always bear watching. | As a serious industrial factor, how- ever, the I. W. W. has ceased to exist. The American workingman is | not so easily fooled by wild claims | and preposterous proposals as to sup-| nort such a subversive movement as | this. take Wabhington is today much more | interested in the affairs of the Ameri- { can League than in any form of inter- national association. E A President Harding's performsnces in the White House indicate that he | believes in consistency as a factor in| normalcy. 7 : ] ‘. ‘T'wo were injured in the District vesterday by bicycles. It gseems: like+ old times. 24 Great Britain and Russia. TRelations between the British and soviet ‘governments have reached a point of strain. For some time past the government at ‘London has had occasion to regret resumption of of- ficial dealings in Moscow, which -was one of the acts of the Lloyd George ministry, designed, it is believed, to placate British labor, . For two or three years a cause of friction has existed in the case of C. P. Davison, a British civil engineer, who was arrested in Russia in September, 1919, and executed in January, 1920. Lon- don hes never been eble to gain any satisfaction from Moscow in this case. More recently British trawlers have heen seized by so-called pirates off the Ruesian coast, really red scouts, who, in violation of the internationat mari- A | poor country. dirt roads. {day crisis. time limits, went to sea to take these ships, ‘The climax was reached in the sxecution of Vicar General Butchka- vitch, which profoundly. shocked the British people. s Now a sharp:note has been ad- dressed to Moscow in“terms of pro-i test, that will, it is expected, ellcit @ refusal to recognize the British right “ to' intérvene in 'or- criticlze actions of the soviet. Some hesitancy was felt by the ministry on the score of sending such a note lest it have a bad effect upon the fortunes of Patriarch “Tikhon, whose trial had been set for last Monday., Now that the trial has been indefinitely post- joned, it has been decided to press the matter vigorously without further delay. A severance of relations between Great Britain and Russia, which,.it 1s expected, will follow the dispatch of the British note, will probably im- prove the general situation. As long as those relations were formally main- tained it was poasiple for the soviet { government to point to the British position of acknowledgement as a precedent for other recognitions. Russia’s failure to. cbserve interna- tional obligations has been in re- spect to Great Britain so flagrant that this breach now in prospect fully justifies the stand of the other pow- ers that have so far refused to ac- knowledge the existence of organized government in Russia. ———— District Street Needs. A budget of recommendations re- garding the condition of the streets of the District has been laid before the Commissioners by the Board of Trade committee on streets and ave- nues, These proposals and sugges- tions affect the District'sy highway system in many particulars, with ref- erence to the opening of new streets and roads, the extension of existing streets and the paving of all. This is @ subject of urgent importance to the community. The development of Washington bas been checked by in- adequate street work. The Commis- sioners have striven earnestly to se- cure large appropriations and a more comprehensive plan of street improve- ments, only to be held in check by curtailments and modifications im- by Congress, Repeatedly mem- bers of the appropriations and Dis- trict committees have been shown through personal visitation end sur: vey the depiorable condition of the streets and rcads, but for some rea- son, which is rcoted in the unwilling- ness of Congress to make a broad provision for District mainienance and development, year after year these items have been in effect ignored through the granting of seriously cur- tailed allowances. Once the best paved city in the TUhnited States. Washington is now in low rank in this respect. Outside of the urban area and a few of the arterial thoroughfares, the roads of the District are in poor condition. There are so-called streets within the boundary lines that are no better than Again there are paved strects in the suburban section without habitations, advance improvements of no immediate value. There are_bad bumps and holes in the pavements of the most jmportant street in thé city. The paving be- tween the car tracks is, as the Board 'of Trade committee points out, in places dangerously out of repair. A’ few ‘weeks hence there will be many thousands of people here !r_orn all over the United States, with mctor cars, who will, in connection with their attendance at the Shrine con- | z THE EVENING. STAR, WASHINGTON, .D. C., THURSDAY, ably adequate sums will-be apportion; ed for the operation. and mafitenance of the gates of the tidal basin and The building of Columbia Islan #oos on and soon this stretch of lan will become & park. - When the work is complete, and pérhaps before its completion, there will probably be an insistent = demand that Analostan Island be added to the river park sya. tem, This would give Washington a park of great beauty along the’ south: erly side of the river from ‘a point near the Highway bridge to one quite near the Key bridge. Logic and topog- raphy point to the inclusion of Ana- lostan Island in the park system. The memorial bridge which will con- nect Potomac Park with the govern- ment lands of Arlington and which will be the main link in & new way: be- tween the Lincoln Memorial and Ar- lington cemetery will cross Columbia’ Island and the result must be that ! this island will become popula, —— No Red Herring. Senator La Follette sees two reasons for rejecting the President’s proposal for the United States to enter the world court. -The first is that it “is part of the cleverly conceived plan of the international bankers to en- tangle the United States in the affairs of Europe.” And the second is that it is “an attempt to draw a red her- ring across the trail of the great do- mestic issues.” There is more to the same effect in elaboration of these two familiar propositions. The “sin- ister irfluence” plea is always avail- able against eny forward movement. It appeals to some people who are naturally of a suspicious disposition. There are certain ones who like to think crookedly. On the score of the “red herring” it is to be borne in mind that the Pres. ident in his statement in New York Tuesday specifically said in this con- nection: *‘Our problems at home inva- riably call for first consideration.” He added: Our own house must be kept in order, our own good fortune must be assured before we can be large contributors to | warld weeeve-e op immeasurably help- ful to humanity. [here is no suggestion of a red herring here. Indeed, the .Presidgnt took occasion im the course of his speech, which it was expected would be devoted to the subject of the world ourt, to discuss other questions. such | as th maries. This matter of the world court and America’s participation in it can only be made into @ red herring by those who wish for their own purposes to regard it as a “paramount issue” and themselves drag it across the trail of other questions. Ifit is accepted as an éssurance predicated upon the dict of the American people i and carried -into effect by congres. sional action undelayed by filibusters or demagogic deliverances, .there will be no iack of opportunity for action dlong the lines of .purely domestic reforms and progressive movement. The “sinister influences” in operation are not all capitalistic. merchant marine and the pri L ——————————— ipt. Luke McNamee appeals to the Daughters of 1812, in convention here, to back up the Navy. If it had not_been for the small, but smooth, Navy of the infant nation in that year. there would not be any Daugh. ters of 1812. - —————— A New York dramatic critic refer- red to Washmgton as the. “so-called capital,” e so-called metropolitan at- titude of, so-called “tolerance for a so- 1t hust be fine to know a lot of things. .So .many people do,. you know. They fairly snap st the apple of " wisdom. _They bite oft great chunks, leaving very little core. Then they stapd around and boss the ‘works. > ‘They drop in at the White House and tell the Presjdent how to run the courntry. They give Pershing pointers about the Army. They pol- ish oft all vexed questions about the Navy. They walk home with. Haghes and settle all our foreign problems. How in the world could we ever Ket along without these self-appoint- ed national. saviors?. And what a bunch of them .there are. Let's count them up—there's Tom, Dick, Harry, vou, I— What? Den’t include ‘ourselv Well, T guesswe will! In a nation of generals, we aren’t going to be the only high privates. For everybody's doing it. Bossing the works has become the national | sport. Anybody can tell you exactly what's the matter with the -United States—and the rest of the world, too, for that matter—and what ought to be done about it. Most everybody does. . ‘The trouble is—see, what did I tell you?—we are getting so bloomed educated that we just can't stand ourselves. If we were a pack “of ignorant savages, for instance. there wouldn't be any trouble at.ail about govern- ing us. We would simply do as ‘we were told to do and let it go at tha It is because we are such highly edu- cated persons that we have so many problems of government. Every year in school—whether in the class- room or the great school of our modern complex life—means scores of new wrinkles to smooth out. For an educated man or woman usually is & man or woman of more or less individuality. 1In the savage state our thinking is dene for us by our rulers. In the educated state we {think for ourselves, At least, many of us do. Thus we have many varying shades of opinion. 'The more general our education the greater the number of opinions. Look, for instance. at the number of blocs in Congress. No Congress except an educated Corigress could get that way. | We think differently, and because of our education keep on thinking ifferently. But we still have a long way to go before we are wholly edu- cated. and if we split up into so many |aiMcuit tsms of bellef now, where in heaven's name will we land when w get all the education that's coming {to us? Will the decentralisation of | knowledge tend | tralization of government? < With these tall thoughts and a whole pack of their kith in mind, we rambled into the office of Dr. Walton C. John of the federal bureau of edu- cation and asked him this questfon: “How well educated are the Ameri- can people?” Dr. John blinked. said. “Reading, | tig—— & “No, no.” I-interrupted. mean to give you a test. “Let me aee.” he writing, arithme- “1 dom't 1 meant to BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. If the sueceasion of Guy de Lastey- rle, married to Miss Constance War< ren of New York, to the honors and ! estates of his father, the fourth Mar- quis de Lasteyrie, calls for more than passing attention, it is because he is { | i i vention. “‘sightsee” Washington. They | calléd ‘seat of socalled government. |one of the descéndants of -George will drive all gver the District on tours ot inspection. They will carry away with them e decidedly poor impression of the National Capital in the matter of .street surfaces. Rolling back home over the great highways that have been built by state and federal co- cperation, they will be justified in commenting upon the poor cfmdluon of .the Washington streets: in com- parison with the ‘splendid roads tha link the American cities. . It is to be hoped that all these Shriners and their friends who motor in Washington, after getting here by train and are so impressed with the poor quality of the capital's streets, | will report their impressions to the members of Congress from their \_‘Hs-' tricts and ask of them why the nation's city is not better paved. If ithis is done some heed may be given to the recommendations of the. Com-l missioners for a comprehensive liberal program of strect improvements in the near future. ————————— 01d Posey, the bad Piute Indian, hui been “found dead 6n the battlefield. ; 1f there is a “happy hunting ground” he is probably NOW COmMparing expe- riences with King Philip, chief of the Wampanoags; Wwith Tecumseh and Sitting Bull waiting to chime in. This is considered a young country, but it seems a far cry from 1676 to 1923, . = Portugal has ratified all of last vear's Waphington conferénce treaties, “Portuguese men-of-war” will now have to revise their birth rate. H Germary is getting ready for a May Well, the first nine May day crises are the hardest. Money for the Potomac. The Potomac. river at Washington gets an allotment of 374,000 out ot | the general appropriation of $57,000;- | 000 for\rivers and harbors. Tt is not a large sum,. but it ‘will be used in keeping - the Virginia or Georgetown channel at the depth required for nav- igtion &nd ‘In carrying on the work of building Columbia Island, which,js an important part of the river park system of the District. The money will help in pushing forward the gen- eral ‘plan of .river conservation and park ereation. For navigation. it is desired to maintain the west ‘channel at a depth of twenty-four feet, and there has been a gradual shoaling till it is now about eighteen feet. In deep- ening the channel the ‘dredged mate- rial ‘will . be pumped on Calumbja Island, which is the long island that has been built below Analostan Tslarid and above the ‘Highway bridge and close to the Virginia shore. The Whole allotment is not to be spent on this work, & share of it being reserved for the. maintenance of the levee arourid Columbia ‘Island. Small ‘but presum. ] ——————— ‘American radicals are now classed in ‘derision es ‘“reds. pinks and yel- lows.” A determined effort is being made, by. patriotic citizens ta,change them to a deep and dolorous blue. ———— Editor Harding knew how to state the case Tueaday to his -newspaper colleagues so that they recognized the news value in the story. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHSSON A" Spring Poen. "Tis not the purling of the-brook That tells us spring is here; "Tis not the meadow’s verdant look That once was dull and drear. "Tis not the balmy- atmosphere. *Tis not the robin’s call: It'is the umpire’s voice. so clear, In. sbarp command,- “Play-ball:* - not tlie blossom -in the field, 'Tis not the budding tree: 'Tis not the sunshine that doth yield Such gentle.hope of glee. But when the bleachers bloom again “With rooters great and smaH— 'Tis spring. The umpire ‘makes it plain - When he._ gxies out; One of these diiy: through, LBl And at last I have nothing at.all 1o do, 1 am going to travel the rogd that goes To the bome of my boyish joys and ‘woes. T'I¥ pause and ledn on the _gate i ‘Where 1 loitered u: late;, - < And I'll strive to: picture the misty past - = * voe Where once vast. “Play. ball old front ntil the hour grew T dreamed of a future One of these days 1 will idiy swing "Neath the spreading leaves where the robins sing,” ~ And Tl watch the: grapes; as “th -hours go by, g Drinking from earth and air and sky. Imagination again will change The place to a region fair and strang I will thrill at the monstrous shapes which pass - Through ‘the. jungi ‘weeds'and grass. depths of the Yl see the elves in, the leafy nooks, The’friends that T met in_the wonder books, B And_then, A song- that i€ ‘Sounding throughout it and above:- Is the exultation of mother.love. g And perhapa with. her voice I will lift my. own~-. . nd AnQ’T am snging 9 I weasy, Tt pause to tender and_ sweet and Jin attendance up ! Washington's companion - in - arms; general the Marquis de Lafayette, and as such by right of inheritance one of the very rare French members of thé American Order of. Cincinnati. The late marquis was very proud of his membership of this order. He | formed part of the small court of the late Comte de Paris, in whose { favor his grandfather, King Leuis Philippe, addjcated the throne of Franoe in- 1§48, but who, as & ohild, ! with his widowed mother and his brother, the Duke of Chartres, was compelled by the revolutionary goy- i ernment to follow the old king into English exile. Nearly related to the British reigning house, the Comte de Paris was always treated by Queen Victoria_and by all her children a a near. and dear kinsman, and at great family gatherings and celebra- | tions. both’ he, with his wife and children, were always invited, and much in. évidence. : * % kX : On one of these occasions, at which the French royalties were present, { the- late Marquis de Lasteyrie was on the Count de Paris, and wore, in addition to die cross of the Legion of Honor, ‘Which he had won on the battlefield in the Franco-German war of 1870, the in- | signia of the American Order o; cmt- . It quickly attracted the at- pre Ty of Bdwara”VIL then. still Prince of Wales, and as he had never seen the order before in-all his: wide experience and knowldge of the old world orders of knighthood, he got the Marquis de Lasteyrie to tell him all, about. it and -its origin, being sréatly. interested. It was the- first ocossion on which the nsignia of Order of the Cincinnati had ever beea seenc-at any. court function in Eng- land, and it was greatly admired. s » k% ¥ e : The new Marquis de Lasteyrie. be- sides-having an American ' wifs,, is ralf English. For his mother, the late marquise, was an English woman, —betonged to the Goodlakes of Shil- lingford, one of the old county fami- lies of Berkshire, and was, Hke the Jate' marquis, who was het second cousig, & great-grandchild. of - the second Duke of Leinster. .The duke vounger daughter, Lady . Elizabeth Fitzgerald, married r uvfiu priee e ek SeeNcr Al the W I E:?a’ln:km the hzhar of the late Mars ““%3?(1?‘.-: -r?lyrt;‘ the new Marquis de- Lasteyrie's descent from Gen, de Lafayette, it may be recalled that the Jatter married Adrienne de Noallles, daughter of ‘the Duke -and Duchess ot Avon. and that by this uhion [he children- ; e- z:l:i%o:lm o name of Géerge Washing- ton de Lafayette, and two daughter: who married, respectively, tnh:Cumq de Latour-Maubourg and ti Mar-" de- Lasteyrie. The Marquise ‘d. eyrie, younger daughter of.La- fayette, became the mother of the {late Senator Jules de Lasteyrie grandfather of the' mew marguis of that.name. | i | | i ! * K % =y As far as the only son of Gen. de Lafayette is concerned.-he married| Mile. de Tracy, by -whom he had two sons—Osear and Edmund de’Lafay- ette—both of them members of the Frenah senate aad both of whom d without issue. The two enators had thred._ sisters, ‘respectively, and Mme. Cerler. But it was toward the decen- | AYS OF WASHINGTON BY WILLIAM PICKETT HELM. how far along we've gon we compare with other countries, &nd whether we're the best educated peo- ple on earth, and—-' “Wait! One at a time, pl “Are we too well educated? ‘Most of us have very little educa- tlon,” he sald, looking quite pointed- 1y, 1 thought, into my ,eyes. “Not even enough to ask one question at & tim When I let him up he brought in the statistics. We are spending now more than a billion dollars a year for Knowledge which we distribute through the classrooms of our schools, colleges. and universities. More thén twenty-five million boys and girls:and young men and women more or less enthusiastically absorb | this dilon dollars’ worth of knowl | edge in homeopathic doses. $ Upward _of 750,000 school insert knowledge daily excepted) into the coming ‘generation. ; Just & moment, please. Do you grasp‘the {dea” 1If the city of Wash- Ington were half as large again, in population, as it is today, and if every man, woman, boy and girl therein - were a school teacher, we still would fall short, by several Alexandrias, of having sufficient in- habitants to teach the nation, Notwithgtanding this veritable swarm of teachers. six persons out of every 100°in the country can neither read nor_write. About ‘fourteen more out of every 100 have only the most elementar education. - These fourteen unfortun- ates read with difficulty. write very poorly, can figure just the tiniest bit —and theére their schooling 8. Truly all of us don't know it all. (Saturday's noodles of -the Thé census bureau is responsible for these disclosures. Now let us see what kinds of folk compose our il- literate classes. To begin, we find fewer untutored people in our cities than in the coun- try. .The little red schoolhouse, great though it be, doesn't make the grade with the pep of our great city institu- tions. The census bureau tells us that al- though our population is about even- dwellers, there are 1.000.000 more il- Iiterates in the rural districts than there in our towns and cities. Tlliteraey is highest among the col- ored population, reaching 22.9 per cent. _Among foreign-born whites it !is reckoned at 131 per cent. Among ive whites of native paremtage it 2.5 per cent | “And, unexpectediy. illiteracy | 1ts lowest chbh among native whites lof forefgn or mixed parentuge. In | that class it is only four-fifths of 1 | per cent. at The figures show we aren’t so well educated, or, rather, so generally edu- cated. as tite British, French or Ger- mans. In Great Britain, in 1910, il- |literates were only 1 per cent of the | total population of ten vears or older; in France they formed 4.3 per cent. In Germany there were only five fllit- erates to every 10.000 population, In the United States in 1920, the census burcau says, there were 600 illiterates to every 10,000 population. Maybe, after all, we can learn a lit- tle more. Let's go to the movies and start. One of Gen. Lafayette’s Descendants ... Succeeds to Histo_ric ‘French Title 1 late Marquis de Lasteyrie wlho in- { herited, through his grandmother, daughter of Gen. de Lafayette, the ! latter’s insignia of the Order of Cin- | einnati, which has now passed along { with the membership of the order by | virtue of descent to the new Marquis | Guy de Lastey i | The Qe Lasteyrie estates comprise the beautiful Chateau de Lagrange in the department of the Seine et Marne, of whith the American-born Marquise de Lasteyrie has been the virtual chatelalne since the death some vears ago of her English mother-in-law The de Lasteyries are an old family. but their marquisate only dates from 1791, when ‘it was created by Louis XVI on the very eve of the great Tevolution. M. Charlés de Lasteyrie, who was appointed fast vear to the post of minister of finance by Premier Poin- care on the formation of his cabinet following the resignation of the Briand administration, 1s a kinsman— & third or'fourth cousin—of the new marquis. Another relattve of the family is that Countess de Lastevrie, daughter of the Baron de Courcelles, who spent 50 many years in London as ambas- sador of France, who, having con- some ‘three-quarters of a millior francs which she had set aside {urr“ the construction of a church at Athis-Mons in the department of the Seine et Oise—to certain bankers in Paris, found herself swindled out of the entire amount, with the result of z\::hclmcumg With which her name onnected as the victim plaintife. ;i i * % % Baroh Louis de Cartier, whose im- pending marriage to Mlle. Raymond Dillon, daughter of Count and Coun- tess Pierre.Dillon, has just been an- nounced from Paris, is a nephew of the popular Belgian ambassador at ‘Washington and a member of that corps d'elite. of the far east, founded at Peking by the late Sir Robert Hart more than forty years ago, as the imperial' Chinese customs serv- ice, the foreign staff of which has Iways been recruited with the ut- oSt care, some of the very best names of France. Belgium, Italy and Holland being found in its ranks. It is about'the only branch of the serv- ice of the state in China that has mancged fo.preserve alike under the empire and the republic, and amidst all the rev6lutionary changes its per- manency, ‘its power, influence, popu- lar confidence and autonomy, rela- tively free from native interference, but enfoylne to the fullest extent honest fiative co-operation. The for- oign officials are well paid. and to be cdnnected with the service is a recommendation and an open sesame throughout the orfent k * ok ko As fot'the Dillons, they belong to that French branch of that old Irish house of Dillon which played so great & role in Ireland under the reign of King John that the greater portion of the Present counties of Longford and Westmeat were known in those days ax “Dillon’s count: Many of the Dillons adhered in the seven- teenth i:enlury to the Stuart cause and, driven from the British Isles. sought service in -France, Sl;nln an at Vienna uhder ‘the holy Roman em- pire. For more than two centuries the Dillon Wild Geese have played a_notable role “in the history of France, and it may be remembered that: Count Arthur Dillon, command- ing the Dillon regiment of the French army, took part &s such in the battle of Yorktown, was present at the'sur- ren of’ Cornwallis, became a field m n the French army and dfed by juillotine on the Place de la Con . in 1794. Moreover, it was *no :Count: Arthur Dillon. who “Mme. ge ) died’ 83 primate of France and who was_the oreator of the first quays of -|Besumont, Mme. Busseaux .'“.'.P-"'.ilpm that rastrain the Seine within he}its metropolitan course. teachers | ly divided between urban and rural | { man, de fided a considerable sum of money— | PRIL 26, 1923. The North Window BY LEILA MECHLIN Monumental sculpture was the sub-’ | d6ct: under discusslon at @ friendly gathering of artists and art lover: Quite naturally the suggested remov- al’of the Jackson statue in Latayette Bquare, which has lately caused so winch public agitation, was brought up, and, to the astonishment of & lay- man, it was the sculptors present who most stoutly defended the statue's worth. To tell the truth, the artists are usually the most gentle critics, poesibly because they. understand the’ techni- cal difficulties which have to be over- come. In this Instance they took the ground that the Jackson wtatue, at which fun has been poked by the sup- poseedly witty for many years, was not only to be regarded as a milestone murking an epoch in American art, but also a valuable civic usset because of jts .decorative quality. There is & galety, a gallantry, about this much derided statue which Is very eharm- ing and which betoken the spirit of the time ‘in which it was preduced. - ok K In his admirable “History of Ameri- can Sculpture,” Lorado Taft, one of the leading American sculptors of todsy. has told delightfully how the’ Jack- son statue -came ‘into existence, sketching briefly at the same time the life of Clark Millg, the sculptor. It is an amasing biography.. & re- markable record. Clark Mills was born in New York stete in 1515. His father died when he was but a lad. At the age of thirteen he ran away from the home of an uncle, who was none tuo kind to him, and from that time on took care of himself, work- ing first on a farm, then on & canal, learing cabinel making, becoming a millwright, then an overseer on a southern plantation, the director of a cement mill, drifting from the north to the extréme south by the way of New Orleans to Charleston, 8. C., where he set up as a stucco worker— all this in seven short years, for in 1835 in Charleston he began modelin busts in clay. He then invented a ne method for taking a cast from life and so was enabled to make busts tremely cheaply, Many orders fol- lowed. His next adventure was an effort in cutting in marble, and his first achievement was & byst of Cal- houn, “the favorite son of South Car- olina.” which was so_excellent that the city counsel voted him a medal. Thus his career as sculptor was com- menced. He must have possessed not only facility and a measure of genuis. but also winning personality, for he was luoky in finding patrons and ex- tremeiy helpful friends. A commis- sion from John Freston to do some family busts in Columbia, S. C.. led 1o @ commission for busts of Webster and Cristenden. to he done from life in Washington, which, in turn, brought an r of funds for a trip to Europe for the purpose of studs Mr. Taft tells how, immediately upon coming to Washington, Clark Miils visited the Capitol, and “feasted his s upon the noble works of sculpture within _and without the great building. Cave Johnson. then Postnaster General, was president of the Jackson monument committee, aud, beiug impressed by Mills' tal- ents. and possibly also by the dis- tinction of his patrons, asked him to make a design for the Jackson statue which was to be erected in Lafayeite Square. ok ok % At firat Clark Mills, belng 2 modest ined, explaining that he did not feel capable of undertaking so im- portant a work, and quite naturally, for he had never seen an equestrian statue —there was none at that time in America. But, being ambitious, coura- geous, and to an oxtent com- mitted to adyenture, he did make a sketch, which, being submitted, was accepted, and it was precisely that of the statue as it now stands. For nine months he worked on the model, balancing the little horse on its hind legs in order to give it the spirit of freedom and action. Another nine months passed and Congress voted the cannons captured by Jackson at the batile of New Orleans to be used for the purpose. The full size model i then came the question of casting. There was no_bronze foundry in the United States, but, un- daunted, Mills made a study of tho subject.’ established hig own feundry about three miles out of Washington. ! near what is now Lanham. and, after six . failures, flnally succesded. The statue was dedicated January 8, 1853, and Congress was so delighted that, besides the original $12,000 ap- propriated for the cost, an additional 1$20.000 was voted the artist, and a few vears later an appropriation of $50,000 was made for the Washington statue in Washington Circle, which is infinitely less meritorious. Truly from every aspect this was a mar- velous achievement. A A great living sculptor recently re- marked that his profession suffered because it was “the easiest of all the arts,” explaining that almost any one out of a lump of clay. sould model an object which had some ssmblance to nature, ‘and that such accomplishment invariably. brought forth applause from the uninitiated. But a work of art fn sculpture is much more than imitation—a mere reproduction of form, a counterfeit of life. For in- stance, the wax figure in the amuse- ment place which deceives the visitor, as compared with Michelangelo's David, has little artistic merit, yet the one deceives. the other does not A great work in_sculpture. like the Venus de Milo. the Winged Victary of Samothrace or one of the remark- able torsos in the Vatican Gallery, are infinitely precious, though broken and incimplete. How many of our modern monumental works would pass this test a thousand years hence? some one asked. Comparatively few, we fear. Et In an article on Washington, pub~ lished some years ago, the late Ham- ilton Mabie Jjocosely remarked that it was to be hoped that future gener- ations would realize that a majority of the statues in Washington had been erected through ignorancé, not in_malice. Some of the statues undoubtedly de- serve this rebuke. but.a few do not, and, taken all in all, # i3 to be ques- tloned if Washington has not, as large a percentage of worthy monu- mental works in sculpture as any other city; for instance, ,the Thomas statue. by J. Q. A., Ward, is one of the best equestrian. statues -in the world: the John Paul Jones and the Hahnemann statues, by Charles Henry Niehaus, are both good; in the Lin- coln Memorial. is Danlel Chester French's splendid staue of Lincoln, and at Kendall Green is his ‘beautiful and appealing group of the great teacher and his little pupil (the Gal- laudet memorials), one of the finest things of the kind, not only here, but in existence. In Dupont Circle is a charming fountain by Mr. French, and in MaoMillan Park Herbert Adams’ magnificent MacMillan foun- tain—a work of great beauty and dignity, while, as all know, Saint Gau- dens’ masterpiece—perhaps the mas. terplece of this era in sculpture—the Adams memorial, {s n Rock Creek Park. This to name but a few. % PN o When somé one complained to Gutzon Borglum that his. Sheridan statue represented arrested motion and, therefore, gave the appearance of a frozen thing rather than action, his quick retort was that here in Washington. we were 50 used to see- ing clothespin mnen on woden horses that we didn't know a gw-p rian statue ‘when we saw (b re may have been some in this, but there is a difference between ac-1- tion as expressed in the Jackeon o ompare. the two. Aud 1Dk 1% Shy -3 e two. ¥ " 4 torcgnq will be found worth whils. LEILA MECHLIN, CAPITAL KEYNOTES BY PAUL V. COLLINS. .Oh, rats! Every rat costs $2 a year for board, and_there are millions of them. {n thé United States. -Not only are they éxpensive, but they are dan- werous. to- health- and dangerous to property. ~ They gnaw matches and cause fires. They carry disease germs which bring death to humans. They are pests without one - redeeming | trait. * ok ok ok The story. is familiar which. tells that, but for numerous maiden ladies who maintain pet cats which kill fleld mice, which eat bumble be which sip honey from clover blos- soms and thereby carry pollen into the clover blossoms, which pollen fer- tilizes the blooms which reproduce clover seed, which increases the crop for future years—well, bless the ladies, thers. .are not enough of them. But for what there are of them there would not be so much_clover, nor so many well fed cows and there. fore less ice cream and butter and milk. Without the milk what would become of all of the babies? * k¥ ok In the lack of enough maiden ladies and their cats to kill the rats and mice, Virginia has resorted to barium carbonate, and the state, through its Polytechnic Institute, fn co-operation with the biological survey of the Department of Agriculture, distrib- uted 44,198 pounds of the rat poison. Schools, banks and farmers co-op- crated. Prizes were offered for the most rat tails. and at the end of one week | 91,365 tails were brought in. That | is eight miles of talls—the longest serial ever run. But that is not the end of our tale, for the producing of the tails might not be “the best evi- dence.” as the lawyers say. A lzard. fleeing from pursuit, can be grabbed by his tail just as he is entering a cleft in rocks for safety. In that case he would shed his tail and proceed to grow another in due time. Can a Virginia rat be bluffed by & mere lizard? * * ko *x Nor do the 91,365 tails measure the awful slaughter of one week. The scientists’ tell us that the mortality was 670,993 rats. That saves an annual board bill of $1,334,541.21, not count- ing the inevitable increase of the Drogeny of the 670,993 rats. (The ex- pert’s fizures are not accurate, &0 there must have been some mice in- cluded.) * ¥ % ¥ Since thres houseflies so increase that in one season they weigh tons, | what is the increase of 335.000 fam- | ilies of rats? Three horse in three mont v whales and elephants will the Vir- ginia rats consume? The barium carbonate cost $7,444 and was the best investment since Col. Sellers’ dav. It was only about a cent a rat. The rats would be cheap | at a dollar aplece, since that would |represent only six months' board. | * ok % % Representative Martin L. Davey, the “trec dentist.” urges Congress to further the cause of reforestation by | removing all taxes on growing. ti ber, and by appealing to state legis latures to do likewise. This would tend to encourage farmers to replant their cut-over land. There are now 81.000.000 acres of waste cut-over, or burned-over land, whic useless for agricultural purposes. and should be replanted or reseeded to forest. Farm- ers hesitate to start forestation from which "the present generation hope to harvest. ok ok % | _Then, in. order to curb the cutting | of ‘forests, Mr. Davey urges that a tax be put upon all timber when it | i is cut for lumber. The proceeds of | such timber tax he would have the! government use in reforestation, especially of the heads of streams, s0_as to protect the springs. Perhaps the supreme importance of protecting the headwaters of rivers 1s exaggerated, for the volume which makes up a river does not come from the little spring which ig designated as its “source.” It is mainly the drainage of the country through which the river flows, together with the drainage of the land of its tribu- taries. It would be futile, for ex- ample, to plant a forest around Lake Itasca, In upper Minnesota, and as- sume that that would provide the| vast flow of water which fills the Mississippi at St. Louis and down to New Orleans, on which ocean liners | may float. All authorities agree that unless some drastic action be taken prompt- carnot | | 1} Proper One. | The action of the Harvard board of | overseers in voting to maintain the, university’s traditional freedom from raclal and religious discrimination | and placing the entrance test entirely on an educational basis has received general approval. “Harvard adheres to its fine his- toric ideals.” points out the Chicago ! Daily News. “The sincere, industri- ous and mentally equipped applicant is to be welcome to Harvard regard- less of race. color, wealth or any other irrelevant consideration. This is not the whole story. Harvard stands by its ideals in the face of difficulties due to the hampering poli- cles of less liberal institutions. These put on Harvard an extra load by making it the goal of students who, for reasons having nothing to do with character or educational qualifica- tions, do not find a welcome when they apply in other quarters. The roblpm that Harvard had to solve Das whether it would .adopt similar policies. It has chosen instead to stand for freedom.” This decision is o generslly in line with the senti- ment of the country that to many people it will not seem to have been o serlous decision at all,” says the Baltimore News. “But things were not quite 8o simple as that. It was the case of deciding between the very definite theories of the educational institution. What the Harvard au- thorities have done is to decide that where one idea conflicts with the other it is the idea that the univer- sity is a public service corporation which supplies the whole people with education which must take prece- dence. Under prevalent ideas of social service, and especially under the widespread system of govern- mental grants to the universities, that was indeed the only possible deciston. But for all that it is a no less important one.” The New Eng- land contingent at Harvard is_“still very large,” the New York Times points out in explaining why the task ot making Harvard a natlonal institution will be difficult, and it fn- sigts “if it is to make the most of its ortunity, and if at the same time it is to render its fullest measure of service to the country, it must con- tinue its campaign for a broader stu- dent representation.” i " Characterizing the action of the overseers as “a blow at reaction,” the New York Call suggests an cffort yet will be made to overturn this decision, : | l ! fbut the Fort Wayne Journal-Gazette|ing it openly instead of hedging, “‘the dlfectly opposite view. K tsident' Lowall nas neen pointediy ! rebuked,” the - Journal-Gazette de- | and the reputation“of this venerable institution has been saved. | | Nothing more ahocking has occyrred “.lqm? ‘than the spifit nt;&g“ tolerance’ @yed by some.of taculty and the president of Harvard. v, -this country will face 2 lumber famine within twenty years, and the eastern® half of the country, within fifteen years, will be commercially bare of forests. 4 * o x A very important statement come from & committee appointed hy Secretary of Agriculture Wallace 1o consider the agricultural outioo The committes, has mad careful study of economlc conditions as the: are Mkely to affect farm prospert this season. It cites conditions favorable to o farm prosperity, especially the i - fluence of American commereial pros perity, causing us to.buy heavily in Europe and South America. Ever what we buy in South America en ables the South Americans to buy i Europe, hence enables Europe to bu our farm products. That seems an indirect way of en couraging our crop raisers. and the farmers will curb their enthusias at such European power of purehase 1t looks like our lifting ourseive over the fence by our own hootstraps What is of importanee urges an American economist of note is_our domestic prosperity of ou manufacturing and commercial in- terests. That is what furnishes the real market for our farm products t« more than 90 per cent of what ou acres produce. How long will our wage-e gnjoy their present full dinner palls Is the most important economical question, not only for the workers of the city, but also for the farmers whose customers they are. k% % The committee suggests that “ti only possibility for an imporaat in crease in purchasing power lies the ability of Europe to expand he manufactured exports.” When Europe does economist quoted, petition with Amer exports, so it will be simply an change of American prosperlty increased European prosperity. difficult to ligure out an advantage in that for An Proximity gives our far American market. but that a 50 operate with the open marl Europe. European f advantage there ov exports. As if clinching the above view of the case, the committee adds vival in Europe has been much marked in agriculture than in n facturing.” In other words. the competitors nt our farmers are more formidabl Europe than competitors of manufacturers * % The report further declarcs: “T! domestic demand for agricultura produots will be active so long as ti present prosperous condition of bus ness. with full employment, « tinues. Beyond a period of si nine months in the future authorities hesitate to forecasts, but most cor servers seem to agree that we n expect general business progperity last at least six to n month longer. If this opinion be correct ill be distinctly more active nex autumn than it was last autum 80 far as the demand for farm products depends upon i of American famili on farms ‘The very h E ness men and economists of 1 sonnel of this committee report extraordinary signifi SR Joseph predicted seven fat y the Wallace committee predicts o1 about seven fat months. There m: be more, but the c toe roius to take the responsi * ok ko However, here's to the G of America, headed Ty l president, Mrs. Herbert Houver They may be c. but oh. 4 Surely the Daughters of the Amer can Revolution t beat them in enthustastic stism nor_ in_ all that makes girlhcod sweet, bouyant pure and delightful 1t was we indeed, that the president gener of the D. A. R. took occas testify that girls of today ar zs good and lovable as eve of any previous gene Somehow the fee forth that to the look for lead best in girlh learned to loc 4 not in val the Boy Scouts ior the purest and best of Americanism and genmine manlinesa Never has therc been a better movement than the soout movement throughout the world. Tts appeal s entirely to the noble: traits that can be found in boyh and girlhood. (Copyright, 1923, by P. V. Colline.) that, §; it will be in co s manufactu It d the all as we EDITORIAL DIGEST An Educational Test Is the Only For two centuries Harvard main- tained a reputation for Americanis which the ‘president’s proposal would have struck down had the board given its sanction. Even cojored students are not to bie turned atvay—which is Americanism too. Americanism won a victory over medieval Romanoffish bigotry and intolerance at Harvard.” The Detroit Free Pr however, is inclined to disagree a trifie with this interpretation of the action, arguins that “Harvard stands pat on the lilv white character of the freshman hail and proposes to take care of the qual- ity and number of its students by making entramce requirements more difficult to pass. As Harvard Crimson suggests. this may give rise o & charge that Harvard is growing aris tocratic, but that is a charge any vately supported institutions can if it keeps away from moneved family aristocracy.” The high stand ard for entrance, however, “will gen erally be approved,” thc Roches Herald thinks, and must be terpreted as “an announcement frov a_great educational institution tha all young men, whatever may be thei religion. can .in this country hav equal opportunity for mental culturs The only demand made upon them i< that they be young men of good char acter, determined to make profitabls uge of the training that is offcred them.” “The report has the right ring.” in sists the Boston Herald. “It stands for the Harvard of history and trad - tion. The Harward that speaks in this report is not a HMarvard that defers to social standards or race prejudiccs but a Harvard that accepts its high educational and patriotic mission in a great democracy wherein all races and creeds are mingled.” The action Iikewise proves, the Boston Globe co tinues, that “Harvard is mot movin backward, but forward. Incidentall the curious notion that democrac means handshaking, compulsory sup port of the foot ball team. and standardized hair cuts seems to It conspicuously absent in Harvavd Suggestions that the foreigu-Lorn element in_time will outnumber the native stock in_the student body ar unfounded, the Boston Traveler points out, because “the university has. fact, expressly reserved to itsell test’ admirably adapted to preve foreign flooding. That test is—the English language. Harvard is to put increased stress upon the ability to write clear and idiomatic Emglish an entrance requirement. - It is a per - fectly proper test. Yet it places dif ficulties in the way of those coming from homes where no English. or en!v broken English, is speken. The te<t may be approximate, but it will =i lently‘and effectively protect Harvard from becoming an altew institution Harvard is to be commended for hav- ing formulated a policy and anngunc #0. mény colleges are doing.” And the final decision is the voice of “the real Harvard,” the Boston Post as- Berts, because “the declaration to maintain thé Harvard traditiomal a'- titude of non-discrimindtion as rave oi religion if Harvard vard.” ih s l a declaration thay), College 18" still.7the ‘real Har-

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