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6 THE BEVENING STAR, e THE EVENING STAR, ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. ‘MONDAY..... .April 16,1923 THEODORE W. NOYES. .Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Busipess Office, 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office: 170 Nassau St. Chicago Offce: Tower Building. Luropean Ofice: 10 Itegent SL., Loudon, England. The Erening Star, with the Sunday morning editlon, is delivered by carriers within the clty 2t 6) cents per month; daily only. 43 cents ger mouth; Sunday only, 20 cents per month. Or- ders Do sent by mail, br telephone Main 5000, " Collcetlon i’ made by carriers at the «ad of each month, Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday..1yr., $8.40; 1 mo., 700 Daily only.........1yr., $6.00; 1 mo., B0c Sunday only.......1¥r. §2.40; 1 mo., 20¢ All Other States. Daily and Sunday..1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo., 86¢ ¢ Dadly only.. 27.00; 1 mo., 60 Sunday only... $2.00; 1 mo., 25¢ Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press 1s exclubicely entitled | the ‘use for republication of all news dis- 4 ta 1t or not otherwise credited and also the local news pub- All rights of publication of spectal dispatehes hereln are also reserved. The British Ministry. A change in the British ministry is Uelieved to be impending, despite the nositive statement issued from No. 10 Downing street that “the prime minis er has no intentions whatever of re gning.” It seems to be at least politely accepted in London that An- drew Bonar Law's tenure of office de- pends upon his health. The official denial of intention to vesign is predi- cated upon the supposition that the filness of the premier is of a tempo- rary nature. But some doubts have en expressed frankly regarding the chief minister's indisposition. The - London Times declares that Mr. Bonar Law was playing tennis on Saturday, an occupation hardly compatible with a physical state so grave as to involve the chance of resignation. The truth probably is that a move ment is in progress to find a substi- tute, to effect a combination of parlia- mentary for that will support new premier. Several names have been advanced, including those of Stanley | Baldwin, present chancellor of the ex- <hequer; Austin Chamberlain and Lord Curzon. Each of these suggestions has started a reaction. Against Baldwin there is a feeling that he is responsi- | ble for the present difficult situation in the commens, where, in consequence of his rather tactless handling of the lubor demand for an inquiry into the condition of the men, he brought about an adverse vote, put- a | { ex-service Ru: | the law of the land, which, it is a | serted, audience with tricks he pulled out of his mental box.” Knowledge and wis- \dom are often confused, and perhaps there is confusion between learning and wisdom. Willlam Cowper, the English poet, treated of this subject, and in a little poem he covered some of the same ground covered by genial Tom Marshall, but in a slightly dif- ferent way. Cowper set it down thus: Knowledge and Wisdom, from being one, Have ofttimes no connection. edze dwells In heads replete with other men; Wisdom in minds attentive to the own. Knowledge—a rude, unprofitable mass, The mere materials’ of which Wisdoni buflds, Till smoothed and squared and fitted to its place, - Does but encumber whom it seems to enrich. Knowledge is proud learned so much; Wisdom is humble that he knows no more. A biographer of Cowper, in discus- sing his high rank among English letter writers, says that he was prob- ably the only one of them whose felic- ity was due “to the power of what he had seen rather than what he had read.” Although learning and wisdom re often confused, it would scem that there is a clear understanding that a learned man may not be wise, for we have an old phrase in English, “A learned fool. far Knowl- thoughts of that he has —_———— Russian “Justice. Justitication is the plea of the Rus- sian soviet government in respect to the prosecution of the prelates of the church. With reference to the case of Dr. Tikhon, the former patriarch of all i, who is to be placed on trial next Monday, Commissar of Justice Kul has issued official state- ment setting forth the legal position of the church in soviet Russia and ar an the ex-patriarch has violated by his intrigues for the subversion of the government. According to this statement of Kur- sky's, which will be read with keener interest because of the universal pro- test expressed of Russia against the recent execution of Vicar Butchavitch, the decree of separation of church and state in 1918 covered four principles: First, every citizen might profess any religion or none at all: second, when the carrying out of religious rites does not inter-| fere with public order and the rights of citizens, free performance of them guaranteed; third, no church so- ciety has the right to own property; fourth, all property belonging to| church societies in Russia is declared to be national property, but buildings and articles service are handed outside issued ting the minist=y the defensive. | Austin Chamberiain’s name does not | awaken any strong support. Lord | Curzon would seem to the most logical man. He has prestige. He has record of achievement, and he known to be of the premier quality The question in his case is whether he i s ntly a politician to manage a somewhat loosely united majority. He has always had a distaste for practical polities. A char the pr tainty of Andrew Bonar the king could summon his successor reorganize, but unless he went to Downing street with an assured sup- port fn commons he would be under he compulsion of an early “appeal to | ihe country.” invelving the chance of | an adverse vote. 1 In all these speculations theve is one factor that gives concern to the con- servative party of England, and that i the former premier, David Lloyd George. Those who accepted the re- sult of the late election as meaning the definite retirement of' the Welsh- man from the ministerial situation have had oceasion to revise their judg- ment. He has not. it is true, partic pated in any of the maneuvers since the reassembling of parliament, but his figure looms in the background, and it would be a grave mistake to veckon upon him as definitely e inated. on is a g0 of premiers would involve ility. not the cer- ~f a general election. In case Law's resignation | though i { i i | i i i | | The Veterans’ Bureau. The Star has said that one should @ cautious in accepting at their face dishonesty in the Vet- erans’ Bureau. It may be that dis- honesty in that form called “graft” will be discovered. Graft has heen Jnown in government offices, but it is | 10t nearly so common as rumor and | gossip would make it appear. As a! neral proposition men who work for e government are honest, and offi.! cials and employes are sincere in their ! effort to serve the public to the best | their ability. The main charge | against the conduet of public business | 15 that it is ineflicient when measured Ly the standard set in private busi- 1ess, and how far that is true is often merely an opinion. Recently The Star paid: “Tt is very likely that much of | the ‘dishonesty’ charged against the | Veterans' Bureau will be found due merely to inefficiency, and that much of the inefficiency was due to the nec. essarily hasty organization of the bu- reau and the newness of the work it was called on to do.” Director Hines in a lato statement says that during thie six weeks he has been at the head of the organization he has discovered w0 evidence that would support charges of graft on the part of bureau officlals. The director says that he is going ahead in clearing up matters where waste, duplication of work and| delay are found and in bringing the organization to the point of smooth working. —_————— France, says Poincare, will keep her %and on Germany's jugular vein, but vil! pot strangle. Just a sort of 1ickling grip, so to speak. value stories ¢ Knowledge and Wisdom. Thomas R. Marshall, former Vice Iresident of the United States, dis- cussed wisdom in his recent article in imday Star. Mr. Marshall knows w good deal about wisdom in a first- { to the official soviet mir Lerty {by the favor of the state. and neces- {dent to church services | prelate ! seek for over to religious societies for free | use.” H Apparen led v the inconsistency of this ation™ does not occur 1. It consists of the coniiscation of all church prop- order that buildings and ar- ticles of service may be loaned by the state to those socleties which the state ravors. In other words, there can be no religious observance in Ruesia save in sarily at the will of the state, subject | to suppression at any time through the withdrawal of the property inci- This sort of “separation” is simply superficial. As for the case of ex-Patriarch Ti- khon the commissar of justice makes an undeniably strong showing of pre- sumptive guilt, if it is a crime—which undeniably it in the eyes of the commissar at Moscow—for a Russian to resist confiscation and to| the restoration of another regime, new or old. In the light of the hideous travesty upon justice recently enacted at Mos- cow in the trials of the prelates con- demned to death, it is easy to foresee the happenings svon to come in the trial of Tikhon. Indeed, the commis- sar of justice practically outlines the case for the prosecution, and in terms of Russian “justicc” that means con viction. Whether the protests lately evoked will have any effect upon the judgment of the court as {o penalty remains to.be seen. There is in the commissar’s statement rather a di tinet note of defiance, suggestive that protests will be unavailing in this, as they were in one of the former case is —_————————— Three planes took off from Paris | vesterday for a jaunt around the world, and two have already turned ack. As the third continues the ef-| fort its pilot is probably considering with skepticism the old Ttalian proverb, “The longest way round is the short- est way home.” ——————— Mayor Hylan's committee announces that the purpose of the eater New York jubilee celebration is to show the people how the city is run, where the | money to run it comes from and how | it is spent. The final item is likely to | arouse by far the Keenest interest. . Mutiny on the rum ships takes its place with tke “stranger-than-fiction” materials that keep the adventure novelists well supplied. Watch our smoke! The American | cigar and cigarette industry has boomed 156 per cent in the past seven | years. | Coal Prices. The District Public Utilities Com- mission, in @ report to the president of the board of District Commission- ers, says that it prevented the imposi- tion of unduly high prices for coal upon the people of the District last winter, and that the only failure of the commission to keep down prices was in one of two instances, where dealers refused to follow the advice of the federal fuel administrator and purchased coal from high-price opera- tors. The people of the District be- lieve that they were victims of unduly high coal prices last winter. Coal miners say that prices were and are unduly high. and coal operators admit that price were rather steep. It is be- lieved that some dealers have con- Jiand way and is qualified to discuss With ‘other good things he said: “I lave always had an idea that although knowledge might come, too often wis- «dom lingered. I have been unwilling 10 consent that the mere possession of ycal or apparent facts made a man lcarned. I have regarded the man with his head crammed with facts as * @ sleight.of-hand performer fooling 39 fessed that prices were high. Con- sumers have no doubt that coal prices were unduly high, and that they are so now. The place where the blame lies is in dispute, and consumers have not had much light on the subject from official investigators. The dealer says that he is making only & normal and necessary profit, and that the operators and the miners are the cul { Probably prits. The opetator says he has had nothing to ‘do with boosting prices, and that if extortion has been prac- ticed on the public the miners are to blame. The coal miner says that his “hands and face dre clean,” and that the operators, the railroads and the re- tail dealers are the boosters. Perhaps at some time the government may gét the facts, discipline or reform the coal profiteers, set the coal trade on a law- ablding basis and give protection to consumers. It is quite within reason to believe that the District Public Utilities Commission has served the public well, and that it saved us from much more extortionate coal prices than we were called on to pay last winter. But for the commission no one can tell to what length the coal profiteers might have gone. —_——— The Potato Pool. The latest step in the direction of cooperative marketing of farm prod- ucts is seen in the announced Success of 4 plan to pool the potato crop of Maine, and ultimately to take in the potato growers of ten other states, in- cluding Virginia, so as to control the 350,000,000-bushel potato crop of the nation. There is comfort for the con- sumer in the statement of Aaron Sa- piro, leader in the undertaking and the organizer of the California Fruit Ex- change, that the effort to stabilize prices for the benefit of the potato growers is not necessarily to be at the expense of the consumer. It is aimed at elimination or restriction of specu- lators end middlemen. Sixty per cent of the farmers in Maine who grow potatoes have agreed te send all their crop to the ware- houses of the associagion for sale by it. Headquarters, it is explained, will seck the most desirable markets and where the best prices can be obtained. When all the potato-growing states are linked up in the co-operative plan a central body will “direct the sales policy, the details of marketing, regu late the flow of potatoes to market and designate the markets to which they are to go and generally control the distribution as to equalize prices and conditions everywhere as a protection to the farmer.” Elimination of the speculator is | bound to benefit the consumer as well | as the producer, for both classes suf-| fer when a food product falls into con- | trol of the price manipulator. Co I operative marketing is indorged by some of the most noted economists of | the country. Now that the lowly but necesgary potato bids fair to come un- der economical distribution another ! test will be given co-operative market- | ing. i i ———— | There are some of the perennial ball- | s0 { room beaux of Washington who make light of these alleged non-stop dancing records. “Poch and pish,” they er “it seems to me that once upon a time I danced a week with one girl before I could get away.” —_————— An official report to the effect that the aeronautical industry in the United States is threatened with ex tinction has been mada to Secretary Weeks. The admonition to “keep our teet on Solid ground” can be too literal- Iy interpreted. ———— | Premier Mussolini visits the Dluc smith shop where he learned his trade. just to remind the world that though he now wears gloves he has a grip of iron. ———————— Does the theory, advanced by Chi- cago hairdressers, that activity in poli tics causes baldness, apply to men as well as to the sex more generally at tributed with hair-pulling proclivities. i One definition of a pessimist is that | of the Washingtonian who fears it ! will be too cold here for enjoyment | during the Shrine convention in June. Spring estimates of the relative mierits of the big league base ball clubs have at least eight-to-one chances of | being accurate. | | Pity for the continuous dancing en- | thusiasts is misplaced. It really should be felt for the musicians, | i SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON Interrupted Program. He saw the flowers blossominz He heard the robin’s note: He went into the balmy air Without an overcoat. He greets no songbird on the hough. They're not on speaking terms, His chief associations now | Are with a set of germs. | He sang a lay of cheery grace. Moved by the vernal muse. But thoughtlessly went out some place ‘Without his overshoes. i And now some lines of Latin phrase He valnly strives to quote, While fixing his despairing gaze On what the doctor wrote. | { Empty Alarm. i 01d dog is a-howlin’; ! Screech owl raise de cry; H Trouble come a-prowlin’, i An’ de clouds is in de sky. | Moon shine on de river, Lookin’ mighty red, An’ de night wind mek me shiver Ev'ry time I goes to bed. Lookin® bright an’ gay Or' dog stop his pinin’, An’ de owl done gone away; Stahts to plow de stubble, . Singin® wif de boys. Dis thing dey calls trouble I finds is mostly noise. | A Successful Enterprise. k Industry brings recompense If it's well applied. ! Over yonder by the fence, With becoming pride, I point out a large display— Marks of labor great— ‘Where I passed some hours away In the quest of bait. i ) Never saw a single fish, Never got a bite; But I heard the water swish, Saw the birds in flight. So I'm generously repaid For the zeal 50 great That T hopefully displayed Yonder, digging bat. | ' whose name appears so frequently tween Mrs. Lyttleton and Mrs. As- | the house of commons, THE WAYS OF WASHIN WASHINGTON, il 22 MONDAY, >TON A BY WILLIAM PICKETT HELM Kerosene 18 a wonderful binder. A Pint of kerosene carried In the pocket of a Washington man, in 1883, to & stagnant little pool across the District line, has wrapped Etruscan skeletons under the Campagna of Rome in the same bundle with & negro and a mule plowing cotton on the outskirts of Tallulah, La. Tt has linked the name of Sir Ron- ald Ross and British tropical medicine with a tango tea on the veranda of & New Jersey coast resort hotel. It has got the water cup on a grindstone In Tennessee all mixed up with the property tax income of the state of New Jersey. 1t has—oh, it has wrapped the whole world up in the film with which it sought to kill a mokquito. “I told Celli"—Celll, you may re- member, was the professor in the University of Rome who led the Itallan campaign for malaria eradi- catfon—"that it would be cheaper 1o drain the Campagna, and more cf- fective, t0o, than to try to give qui- nine to all Itallan workmen on the farms and rallroads and elsewhere. “He sald it couldnt be done; that it was all undermined with cata- combs and other relics of the Romans and of the Etruscans before them. They are draining it now.” The man who carried that pint of kerosene to the stagnant little pool was Dr. Leland O. Howard, chief of the bureau of entomology in the De- partment of Agriculture,. consulting entomologist of the United States public health service, lecturcr in the Army Medical College. He is too modest @ man to admit, publicly, that it was he who tried to keep Celli from embittering the Italian peasan- try. But somebody of the Howard way of thinking has told me that Cellt was so informed. It all began when man made the discovery that he and the mosquito were some sort of kinfolks or, if not exactly that, In-laws of somo kind; anyhow, that they were joint hosts to the malaria germ. That little shaker spends a part of its life in the stomach of @ MoSQquito and the rest of its life In @ red blood corpuscle of a man. Without both man and the mosquito, the malaria germ cannot live, multiply and replenish the earth. And so man, not liking to be too nuch shaken before taken, started out to get rid of the mosquito in order to be rid of malaria. Celli began his campaign in Ttaly and Howard began his in the United States. Celli started out by supply- ing sloves and veils to all Italian farrn hands and railroad trackmen in th malarial districts: Howard started out with a pint of kerosene in his pocket. Celli ended by trying to make the Italian nation drunk on quinine. He advertised free quinine on every box of cigarettes sold in 1t floward went ahead to get rid of stagnant water, or to film it over with kerosene. 3 What has it amounted to? t New Je New Jersey, got the reputation of says with it Let's look Dr. Howard. kalt marshes, IT can't go arourid uito state; the salt being the mo: < one of the few that marsh mosquito BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. | When the Hon. Mrs. Alfred W. Lyt- | tleton accompanied Lady Astor on the occasion of the latter's visit tof America a little OVer a year ago very | few people indeed were aware of her identity with the widely known and! widely discussed spiritualist medium who figures in certain circles in Lon- don as “Mrs. King” and who, under that name, has been the subject of | so much public discussion in connec- tion with her prophecies, many of which have' proved curiously correct. attracting much attention. Before her marriage she was known as Miss sdith Balfour, daughter of Archibald Balfour, but in no wise related to the tormer premier, the Earl of Balfour. She married the late Alfred Lyttle- ton, the most famous cricketer of hig day, who was secretary of state for the colonies and deputy high steward of the University of Cambridge. He was also a nephew and particular tavorite of the great Victorian pre- villi c. Gladstone, the lat-| e e ina: been the sister of the fourth Lord Lyttleton, father of Alfred. e The latter w married pre- mieres noces® to Laura Tennant, fa- vorite ®ister of Mrs. Asquith, and “en and so lovingly in that lady's me- moirs. It is scarcely necesary to add that there is but little love lost be- quith. g Mrs. Lyttleton has * literary tions, and among her effusions of this nature she has published a sort of key movel over the transparent pen name of “Edith Hamlet” Her this direction were fostered ;?t:e):e"r‘ut that she made her home for many years, both during the lif time of Alfred Lyttleton and after- ward, in that Old World House in Westminster, where Sir Walter Be- sant 1aid the scene of his fine novel, “Bevond the Dreams of Avarice’l v i stone's hrow o Situated within a e (ru&: f overlooked the Ves B ibbey grounds, while the commanded & s‘ma(u but exceedinfly picturesque private garden which has always been her Swn particular domain. She has been Yery ‘active in all sorts of political and welfare movements, especially in the rather difficult problem of female emigration to the colonies, and is a practiced and effective _ platform speaker, for. on one o on when Ter husband fell serlously fll in the midst of one of his electric cam- paigns, interests :é)led to admit that he owed his re- entirely to her LU, 5% Doscches and hor wonderful powers of canvassing. * k kK Mrs. Lyttleton has two children, a daughter, who is ummarried, and a son, Oliver Lyttleton, who, a8 a cap- tain of the Grenadler Guards, won the ambi- the minster back windo’ with. 8o_much success that | South Carolina. she assumed charge of his; s friends and his foes were com- | D. S. O. and the military cross dur- ing the great war, and Is now mar- ried to Lady Moira Osborne, daughter of the tenth Duke of Leeds, who is incidentally the greatest and most successtul distiller of gin In the United Kingdom. The present chieftain of all the Lyttleto: is Lord Cobham, eighth viscount ¢f his line, and eldest brother of Gen. Sir Neville Lyttleton, gov- ernor of that Chelsea hospital which is the English counterpart of the Pal- ace of the Invalides in Parls, and also of that Rev. Canon Edward Lyttleton who was forced by popular clamor to relinquish _the headmastership of Eton by reason of his untimely paci-| fist private and public utterances dur- ing the closing year of the great war. It would be unjust to the memory of Alfred Lyttleton to omit mention of the fact that he was the initiator ond the organizer of the so-called children’s holiday -fund, now a per- manent and old established institu- and which, like the fresh air funds of 80 many American cities, se- ian't & home body: it filen u numbi of miles. “Well, New Jeruny drain. 'This drainuge areas, formerly n, into fertile flelds. [ty wumn have been_ made nany tim popular. Now factories have up. The whole ocean front hax been transformed. Aud th Inerean n taxable values pays the state enor mously more than the money spent in_getting rid of the monquito.” It was Sir Ronald Rows, the ng- Hshman, who discovered thut a cor- tain kind of mos to, jointly with man, carried the o of malaria. A little later, Dr. Walter Reed—for whom the hogpital out here Ix named —found that another moxquito car- ries the germ of yellow fever. “Now, that mosquito,”” br. T went on, “carries some other besides yellow fever. Ever h dengue? 1 thought not. “Oh, yes. you have” Howard. “The other name breakbone fever, and there were 200,- 000 cases of it in this country last summer. Breakbone fever is rarely fatal, but it is very disabling And 1t was nothing short of iminal to have 200,000 people lald up with th disease, because the mosquito th arrles’ it is the common household mosquito and the easiest of all them to control.” None of those things looks e; in to great marsh, wtarted turned hing b smid of it is y to the layman, and so 1 asked, “Why so | he said, “it is family mosquito. Tt breeds in his water barrel, in his wife's flower vase, in the chicken trough, in the gutter of the house, in the cup of the grindstone. If he doesn’t have stag- nant water around the house, he doesn’t have the household mosquito, and if he doesw’t have the houschold mosquito he doesn’t have breakbone fever.” ¥Do we have them Apparently ignoring started a lecture on « “Last summer,” he announce the dryest summer we have Washington in many years.” I folded my pad and tucked pencil in my vest pocket. But interview was not ended after all. “And yet,” he went on, “we il more mosquitoes than we hav had for years. You would expect that in a wet summer, not in a dry sum- mer. But in a wet summer the sewer traps are flushed every day or so by the rains. In a dry summer they are hardly flushed at all The mosquitoes breed. What can I do? in the sewer traps of my neighbors. most of whom are out of town. I'd get arrested. All those gloves and veils and all that quantity of quinine advertised on cigarette hoxes had been exciting my imagination “After all, doctor,” 1 there any way of absolutel ing_malaria” “Yes,” he = re two was and there may be some difference opinion as to which is the better. If man can succeed in killing all t mosquitoes there will be no more mi- laria. On the other hand, if the mosquito can succeed in killing all mankind there will be no more ma laria.” Two ways, folks; take y eusy, doctor’ “Because, man's own in Washi had in my the <k LR ur choice, 'Widely Known Spiritualist Medium Is Prominent Figure in London ociety cures a fortnight's sumimer the country each ¥ v thous of the unfos of poorest clas 1re ated In tenements of the sium tricts of big cities. The Lyttleton family is a very an- nt one, being descended from Thomas Lyttleton, who was sheriff o Worcestershire in the reign of Henr 1II. James I conferred a upon the Lyttleto King George I1I advanc nds the situ- dis- and lliam his da Sir W Lyttleton to the vank of Lord Lyttle- | ton for his services Governor of The fiith and present TLord Lyttieton inherited i county of Cobham on the death of the last Duke of Buckingham and Chan- dos without male issue. * * It {s an error thai young Bur who is about to celebrate the attain- ment of his majority, has scribed on both sides of the as the heir to the pee grandfather, Lord Leith of Fyvie, und of the American-born Lady leith, daughter of Derrick Algernon Janu- ary of St. Louis, Mo.. and grandchild of old Lindell, one of the pioneers of that city. For Lord and Lady Leith's only surviving offspring is a daugh- ter, married to Col. Charles Rosdew Burn, an alde-de-camp of the king. and a member of his bodyguard of gentlemen-at-arms. It is possible that on the death of Lord Leith his father-in-law’s peerage may be re- created in his favor by the king. but failing that, it will become extinct been age with the demise of its present holder. | Lord Leith was formerly an officer in the British navy and on marrying a_daughter of D. A. January, the great ironmaster of St. Louis, Mo. he retired from the vice, estab: lishing himself in business in the United States, and with the vacking of his father-in-law. 1 came president of the Joliet, 1il, and Federal Steel companies and amassed a large fortune in Chi- cago before returning to his native land to buy Fyvie Castle in Aber- deenshire. It had belonged to his ancestors in the reign of Robert 11 in 1390, but passed out of their pos- session some 300 vears ago before be- ing repurchased by Alexander Forhes Leith, who by ‘degrees recovercd nearly the whole property of forebears, and on being elevated to the peerage took the title of Lord | Leith of Fyvie. All sorts of legends cluster around Fyvie Castle including that of the “trumpeter of Fyvi whose unhappy love for “Annie Tifty” has furnished the theme for so many poems. The trumpeter's tragic death, which is said to have caused “the very stones to weep,” led to the imposition of a curse upon the castle by that master of magic and spell, Thomas the Rhym- er, who, angered beyond measure at the disposition of the lord of the castle to ridicule the idea that stones should weep, declared that the ownership of Fyvie should never pass from father to son until the third of the three stones known as “the weeping stones” should be recovered. * ok ok % One of the stomes was bullt into the castle walls, where it absorbs and exudes moisture in a most curious way; another is transferred to each vurchaser or tenant of the estate on assuming possession, while the third, which is missing, is concurrently be- lieved to be lying embedded in the mud at the bottom of & terribly deep lake in a remote portion of the property. ‘Whatever doubts may have existed in the minds of Lord and Lady Leith as to the value of this superstition were Bet as rest by the death of their only son Percy, in the Boer war, a quarter of a century ago. Not but what his parents were prepared for their bereavement. For fully twen- ty-four hours before the receipt of the dispatches containing the news that the young officer, born in Ameri- ca, had fallen in battle in the Trans- vaal, the occupants of Fyvie Castle | had been troubled by the apparition of the “trumpeter of Fyvie,” known throughout the entire countryside as the “Green Laddle,” who for the last 500 years has invariably shown him- self when any calamity was about to gvertake the owners or occupants of I'yvie Castle. Dr. | of § adicat- | baronetey | the I all | PRIL 16, 192 Memorial Day Origin. Mildred L.Vf—{utherfo;d Declares Observance Began in South. To the Kditor of The Ktar: Permit me through your columns to angwer the attack made upon me in your issue March 24 In regard to the orign of Memorial day. I would like to state again, with- out fear of contradiction, that the celebration of Memorial duy, as now obscrved in the south, had its orlgin_ at Columbus, Ga., April 26, 1868, and resulted from suggestions made by Mrs. Roswell Ellis (then Lizzie Rutherford) and Mrs. les J. Willlams about the sam fact has written testimony nesses and participants in the ob- servance of the day, as well as by state legislation, and is now recorded history. Other ofties in other atates followed closely this d custom of strewing flowers {the graves of the fallen heroes antedate the origin of Memorial d Isabel Worrell ~ Bail nowledges | that Mrs. John A Logan, whom she claims to have first suggested Me- norial day, did not celebrate it un {ul May, 1868, (wo years later than 18 done at Columbus. A letter from Mrs. Logan herself {will “settle the controversy and |lwave no further discussion of the matter. Mrs. Nannie Pexram Eddington of Petersburg, Va. in writing of Me- moriul _day as sbrated in Peters- burs, May 26, 1868 “Mrs. John' A. Logan {and there conceivead Natlonal Memorial day. | “When' she returiied “she told Gen. Logan [ seen i Petersburg, and he decided to day set aside, and mander of the G. A. R. 0 Mrs. Logan did first suggest what is now Decoration day, May 30, in the north. Mrs. Logan in 1901 gave credit to south for first suggesting the been proven by from eye-wit- southern e. The upon did was present the idea of a to her home what she had Va. churchyard, have a Memorial ed_an order as -five vears after the first | Memorial day it is one of the nost beautiful of its result to know that a4 reunited people, ting aside distinctions of claxs and parentage, enter into the solemn celebration of sacred day hand in hand and rt in heart The soldier boys thelr lives for what they felt to be u sacred cause lie buried in every cemetery in the land, and their graves | today will be strewn with flowers land covered with the flag of a re- |united nation, _animosities dead, !mms forgotten, but one gentiment who laid down paramount In the hearts of the loyal garnish them—honor to d in t th | people who | the heroic de “With thi {to know th {day was unwittingly ithe devotion of the south to their heroes.” |~ Nothing more neid to be said: | MILDRED LEW 1 Asks Track Removal mind it is_pleasant idea of Memorial suggested by people of the | Writer Suggests New Plan for New York Avenue and 14th Street. To the Bditor of The Star 1 wish to submit to the readers The Star and the street car of- {ficials a possible solution of the muddle on New York avenue at 14th i:nd 15th streets. The basic element in this plan is the removal of the | tracks of the 14th street line from 14th street all the way from New | York avenue north to Thomas Circle ! and placing this section of track on 15th street and Vermont avenue. It would seem that the advantages of having 14th street clear of tracks would more than offset the disad- | vantage, if any, of tracks on 1ith {street and Vermont avenue. By this substitution of line the yout at 15th street and New York | avenue would be slightly changed, {but no further complicated automobile traffic problem should be eased up a bit. The very awkward curves and up-hill crossing at 14th {and H streets would be entirely elim- |inated, the four tracks in the 14th | street block from New York avenuo {to H street would be reduced to two nd the curve and crossing at 14th treet and New York avenue entirely eliminated. The New York avenue line should end just east of 1ith street, not loth street, as at present. The track could 'be brought south close to the curbing, if desired, thus helping the traftic turning north into New York avenue from 14th. It is not believed that the hardship of walking one block would be very great and the advantage of having the entire street surface of New York avenue from 14th to 15th absolutely clear of tracks cannot be overestimated. In the event of a merger of { transportation facilities and_the | velopment of a transfer point at | street and New York avenue i shuttle or stub track could be {in along the south side of tha ave- ynue from lith to 15th street. The only bad feature remaining is the crossing @t 15th and H streets, for crossings are, of course, always a bad feature, but cannot well be avoid- the lent “directions. However, gested plan really makes no new points of really dangerous conges | tion, and it helps to spread out a lit- tle the already existing very dan- gerous congestion points. 1t is not believed that the removal of tracks from 1ith street between New York avenue and Thomas Circle would In any way be detrimental to i the intefests of business or property | owners along that part of the street. | The two big hotels would be but one {block from the 14th street line, and a {large part of their business comes to | them by auto and taxi service. Fif- teenth street is rapidly into a business street of fine office buildings, as are the abutting blocks of I, K and L streets, and would bene- ifit, it would seem, by the proposed change of line. If such a chanze should be made { the situation at Thomas Circle should be improved by the removal of the sidewalk around the center grass plot, { @8 has already been suggested, which would widen the street and reduce the track curvature at the circle. It ! would almost seem that the situation and trafic_at Thomas Circle would make a subway under the circle not only advisable but almost a necessity. The problem there would thus be solved for all time, C. E. CURRIER. IN A FEW WORDS. The small nation, when plentifully supplied with submarines, will not find its rights trespassed upon by a larger nation, particularly if the two are separated by a large body of water. —ADMIRAL SIMS. 1 found little pessimism in England. There has been a waking to the dan- gers of being overconfident, over- comfortable and overfat; but there has not been a sinking into despair. —DR. HENRY VAN DYKE. The Frenchman pays proportionate- 1y only about one-third of the tax an American does. Consequently every- body over there has money but the government. France will have to hange her system before she can irightly expect the United States to |act as her financial godfather. | —SENATOR WALTER E. EDGE. | Women will determine the outcome {of the 1924 election, and as women they will undoubtedly favor some i form of definite action to guarantee | peace. —HARRIET TAYLOR UPTON. So long as some Army staff, or some royal ruler of royal maniac can de- clare war, just that long America will stay out of a world alllance.— . —SENATOR BORAH. and the | €d, given two lines running in differ- | the sug-| developing | CAPITAL KEYNOTES BY PAUL V. COLLINS The next republican national con- [vention may be held in Washington. The next campaign may be addressed nd broadcasted from the White House “front porch,” and all voyaging over the country by the President eliminated. The program of Presi- dent Harding for a serie throughout the west §s withheld, and be canceled in view of the per- stent interpretation that it is as a candidate, rather than as President, that he would appear before the peo- ple. In lieu of any such a swing around the country, then, he may re- main in the White House, and let h voice be heard from Maine to lower California by wireless. % The time has gone when a speaker addressing the public can afford to limit his remarks to that the public that can be packed any hall. Why sp when he might as easily be address- ing millions? The many wireless sta- tions now existing will be multiplied by 1924, and it is probable America has seen its last campaign of little political mectings. Millions already possess the means of listen- ing in while the House of Representa- tives debates the issues before it. It is sald that similar equipment will be added to the Senate chamber be- fore ne may into wireless presentation thay will be audible in the homes of farmers and ranchmen, as well as in the theaters throughout the land, can hardly be in advance. FPeople Wwho will not read will listen. more than the present 46 who now vote will become interest: encugh to cast their ballots, whe eled will will indeed cation.” 1t will create “patriotism where today that is but an empt word, associated only with flag-1ls ing and bombast. A ““campaign of education"! It was suggested that the $5,000,000 which had been named by the pr posed National _Literary —Soclety might be diverted to building 1000 schoolhouses throughout the country for the education of our 25 per cent of illiterates asked how teachers were to be found and the money raised for their main- { tenance in these 1,000 special school Would not the problem be solved each school were equipped with loud-speaking wireless receiving st tion and a competent corps of in- structors established in Washington fo teach by wircless the 1,000 schools? xx k= In Cuba it is a common practice for shop readers to be employed to read aloud to the workers while the latter toil. Since the United States commissioner of education warns us that the illiterates must not be re- proached for their illiterary, nor or- dered to repair their deficiency as a duty, could they not become inter- ested if wireless instructions or conceived become nearer to a realily. of speeches | i { i { whether fasid portion ot/ | the k to thousands| that | The effect of such a popularizing of the great national issues, through | i Station. Perhaps | per cent | l; farther out into is no extravagance in locating then fon day arrives. Democrady then | 3 1 ng ti a “campaign of edu-| lis w The question has been | servatory and the naval head of ti. Mare Island Observatory, into a re lar pitched battle of throwing rock at cach other clear across the con i liculen » Einstein theory, and says it is a fake which is not ¢ original. loves an nal fake, that med over. theory ch says the Mare tist, and he traces it to Soldner, before the pudiated ori bhut scorns one Einst is wa The in is n “picce Tsla of Swise ) 1 sclen- W, g the worid was con perhaps Mr. Einstein, the . ‘thought that Soldner lawed. The whole controvers there is ether whether gravity r s it to bend ravs from the sun, Mare Island. hangs on all space light and round the sun r< hevond the “n route Lick o What that has to d with the Newton theory of gravita tlon remains relatively obscure yet That is what he must mean by “rela tivity.” Now that we have Einstein theory so wait awhile before explaining h second theory, which, he says, is so obscure that it can only be expressed by logarithms or the multiplicatior wun made the clear, we firs mus | table. R ok There is some di ing the Botanic n of extend- Gardens, which ad- Join the Capitol, s0 as to cover some fifty acres. The gardens would run from the Potomac river to the Union That land is far more costiy than land bevond city limits, b what makes it valuable is its pro imity to the Capitol. If the gardens spread out, it argued, they w simply push rest of the ci country, £o ther the where they will be most accessible to the many visitors to the capital as well as to the Washingtonians who nust rely on street cars for their visits to~ the b es and rarities thers displayed. “No pent-up Utlca shington, but a “City of Mag nificent Distances.” o The leviathan of old was either u crocodile or a whale. Anyhow it was a whale of a sea monster. So it is i right and proper that the Leviathan, taken from the Germans in the war, hould grow and become the mighti- est monster afloat, under the carefu feeding at Uncle Sam's table. It 13 | @ strange way for a ship to increase | in bulk bv Ingrowing. The Leviathan had its “innard ripped out. its coal bunkers operated on, and oil-burning equipment substituted. That ma 9 it several thousand tons bigger. so that now it is the biggest ship afioat. 1ts gross weight is 59,956.65 tons. It is 950 feet long, and 100 feet wide. The Majestic, which had been rated bigger than the Leviathan, will have to remove several cogwheels to cateh up_with such ingrowing increase. Gross tonnage is obtained by divid- ing b contents in cubio feet of the vessel's closed-in space. A vessel's ton is 100 cubic feet. Net “talks” on the handling of tools, or on some mechanical topic, be mixed with easy stunts in the three R's? These could be going on while the students were doing mechanical work in their 1,000 night schools or day schools. 1n fact, if the great Amer- ican public cannot be induced to em- ploy, and adequately pay, enough teachers to go around, will it not pay a few super-teachers at some broad- casting center? * X * * There is one feature about this man Einsteln and his relativity theory. He may be Ein Stein_and relatively harmless, for it is easy to dodge one stone, but he has gotten many others uch as the director of the Lick Ob The “Open Shop™* Is Not a Political Issue. President Harding's reported inten- on of having nothing to do with the efforts in certain quarters to com- mit the republlcan party to the prin- ciple of the open shop generally seems to have the approval of editors. For the most part they argue that the {issue is entirely economic, and that | indorsement of the plan, which has the approval of the National Asso- ciation of Manufacturers and similar organizations, would antagonize or- ganized labor while at the sams time | serving no useful purpose. [ “All this talk of trying to per- suade President Harding to commit the republican party to the open shop pertains to the political silly | | i | | | i season,”’ insists the Newark News (in-" jependent), which suggests that “open shop fs, after all, only euphemy for anti-unionism. But from a stand- point of practicality, just how could one of the big major parties be com- mitted to the open shop in such wise as to have any powerful effect on private industry? You cannot outlaw trades unionism by federal statute. The constitutional rights of collective bargaining have Stood every test known to Amerlcan Jjudiclal cedure, and, therefore, can be set | down as fundamental. Since that is true, what could the republicans gain by an empty gesture of hostility to the unions? Intelligent employers would mot be fooled into believing | they could benefit materially to any great extent, and the only effect upon | organizea labor in private industry would be one of intense irritation— ‘strong both agalnst the deed, as Macbeth puts it.” The concreto ques- tion itself Is in no way the concern of the government, as the Reading Tribune (independent republican) sees it in holding that the agltation on the subject is “stirred up” by news- papers antagonistic to the President. “Recognition of the principles of trafles unionism,” it continues, “does not mean that the parties necessarily recognize the closed shop. It means that they recognize the right of workmen to bargain collectively. And for either political party to deny that right to the trades unions, when they recognize it for the employer association, is equivalent to a denial that the government exists for all the people. Both President Harding and the republican leaders are cos- nizant of that fact. And the news- papers which are using it to d credit the present administration are cognizant of it. But, rather than criticize the President for acts he already has_ committed, they ap- {parently prefer to discredit his ad- ministration for acts that he is sup- posed to. commit at some future time.” “Possibly the question comes too near the life of the people—perhaps its relation to their future welfare is 00 vital—to admit of its advocacy in a political platform,” argues the Boston Transcript (independent republican), but it is nevertheless a principle which the great majority of the American people believe in—the right of a man to work where he will, for whom he will, for a wage satisfac- tory to him, without being forbidden to do so, and without concerted press- ure upon bim to coerce him into do- ing whag he does mot wish to do. pro- | tonnage i8 the gross tonnage, less th space occupled by the machinery, th fuel and the cre: quarters. It is | the net space available for passengers and cargo. It 1s historically accurate to quote the famous slogans “Don’t give up the ship,” and attribute it to the kafser, but when the Leviathan sails upon her first American voyage since her military transport service, July 4 next, that other slogan. “Put nonr but Americans on guard” will fit perfectly. Capt. Herbert Hartley. | her commander. may well be prou | of his responsibilit (Copyright, 1023, by P. not ¥. Colligs.) EDITORIAL DIGEST |'That is all there is of the ope ) reasoning, but the defense of the citi zen's liberty in this regard, and the priniciple that there should be th. same rule for er rs and em ployed, lies at the foundation o American liberty. taking_issue with this argument t New Haven Journal Courier (independent) insists “a_declaration in favor of the oper shop, justified under ce: is a “declaration labor as a whole. thing_would be consolidated capital « other human effort, not character, undertaken to better tions in life. Whatever dissatisfac- | tion remains between capital and {labor in their daily relations, its remedy is not to be sought in & re {turn to an abandoned view of the { problem, hut in_evolution to which | both contribute voluntarily or u | friction. The rights of capital enc where the rights of labor begin, « | vice versa, just as the rights of one individual end where the rights of another individual begins.” Even sc the Durham Sun_(independent dem cratic) suggests “the closed shop will have a hard time before the people if {a strike shall be put forward as it | ideal” To make this question an | issue, however. the Boston Herald (independent) thinks would be diff cult, inasmuch as “there is still agr | culture in the United States; there | no perceptible union movement «: | the farms. In the citles, where fro a quarter to a third of those ‘gal { fully employed® are in clerical wr of one kind or another, the open sko. | is not an issue. If this is true, it { be difficult to make the open shop t1 chief issue of the forthcoming ca: paign. Unless, within the next year there is a startling demonstration o the anti-social use of power by th unions, the open shop can scarcel arouse the discussion necessary t make it a ‘headliner.’ " Regardless of whether the principi is sound economically, the St. Joseph News-Press (independent) agrees would be bad politics to write it int, a party platform, as it would necd lessly “antagonize organized labor Writers of party platforms do not make such blunders. Mr. Gompers need give himself no further conce upon this score.” Whether the Pre ident would admit such a plank into any platfrom for him or not, the Chattanooga Times (democratic) be lieves “it is a sure thing that the large majority of his supporters and the financial backers of his party are staunch believers in this doctrine The question is not a political one. and is not, therefore, a subject for party platforming. The issue is an economic one, to be decided by the common sentiment of the employer and the employe. Any attempt to control the right of the citlzen to or ganize for any legitimate purpose would be resented, not aione by labor, but by a fairly unanimous public se: timent. “The injection of the labor issue into the national campaign by the r¢ publicans would be a tremendous mi- take'in more ways than one,” insists the Burlington "Free Press (inc pendent). “In the first place the publicans have invarlably deprecated any move by manual workers to form a political organization of their ow: or_even to flock to any particular political party, especially the den crats. They rightly urged that thi movement would tend to foment class warfare. We suspect a plank of the nature indicated would not get far in a committee on resolutions at the next republican national convention Inasmuch as the antagonism of the rallway and coal strikes has not yet been forgotten, the Seranton Times (republican) agrees with this latter statement, pointing out that “with this lesson in mind we cannot con- celve that the practical politicians in the Hardlng camp will permit his be- ing burdened with an open sbop plank in the platform. ver