Evening Star Newspaper, November 23, 1922, Page 1

¢ Thenin WEATHER. Fair tonight and tomorrow; some- what colder tomorrow. Temperature for twentv-four hours ended at 2 p.m. today: Highest, 51, at . today; lowes., 31, w. v.ov o “From Press to Home Within the Hour” The Slar’s carrier system covers every city block and the regular edition is delivered to Washington homes as fast || as the papers are printed. Full report on page Closing N. Y. Stocks and Bonds, Page 28 — —1\'0. 28,696. B4 DEAD REMOVED INMINE DISASTER AS TOLL MOUNTS Injured List Increased to Sixty in Birmingham, Ala., Explosion. 475 MEN WERE TRAPPED WHEN CABLE FIRES DUST Many Acts of Heroism Mark Res- cue Work—Pathetic Scenes at Shaft. By the Associated Press. BIRMINGHAM, Ala, November 23. —Elghty-four lives were lost and sixty persons were injured as a re- sult of an accident and explosion yes- terday in Dolomite No. 3, coal mine of the Woodward Iron Company, ac- cording to a statement issued at noon | today by Frank H. Crookard, presi- dent of the company. Of the injured thirty-five were Tre- moved to their homes and twenty-five were In hospitals. Work of identifi- catlon at that hour had not been com- pleted, but it was believed there were thirty-eight white dead and twenty- nine white injured. Explosion Felt for Miles. At least fifty men who are listed in the casuals were either killed or in- jured when a train of trip cars run- ning wild from the tipple crashed into the mine yard in the main entry. This accldent caused the snapplng of an electric cable, which in turn set oft the dust, which resulted in the explosion. The concussion rocked the earth for miles around, and occurred so nearly simultaneous with the ac- cident which produced it that the vic- tims were not aware what was hap- pening. At dawn the weary watchers about the pit appeared to renew hope that the missing might be found. despite announcement that “all the iive per- sons” had been removed. White and black huddled in the biting cold about the pit. Many children refused to be comforted. They stood through the Jong night watching every crew that emerged. Joy occasionally re- warded women and children by work- ers turnng up from out of the night, following their escape from two other exits. The other exits were miles from the main entry, and this caused families to be separated from those rescued for several hours in Some in- stances. Dector Is Hero. Despite the fact that he already was feeling the effects of the dread- ed black damp, Dr. Edward Wright, phyeician for the American Steel and Wire Company, a member of the first volunteer rescue crew to enter the ill-fated No. 3 shaft, battled des- perately throughout the hours of the night. and did not cease ministering to the dying until he himself had fallen unconscious by their side. Dr. Wright arrived on the scene shortly after the blast, prepared to assist in the rescue work. Entering the mine without an oxygen .mask, with members of the T. C. I mine rescue team, Dr. Wright did not leave until he was carried out on stretcher. Party of Sixty Rescued. Along with George Brown, D. W. iwing and Matthew Morton, Dr. Wright explored all the wings of the mine where the injured were to be found. Brown, one of his teammates, was the first to reach the side of the fallen physician. He shared oxygen from his tank until Dr. Wright was hoisted hundreds of feet to the sur- face and rushed to the emergency hospital. Battling against afterdamp for three and one-half hours, sixty miners pocketed in the forty-second west entry of the mine were rescued after they had been given up for lost. The sixty men working in the en- try leading directly from the yard were completely shut off from escape following the blast. Fearing to pen- etrate the shaft, all of the imprisoned men waited patiently for develop- ments. As minutes ran into hours the after damp began to affect ing wall of coal dust, was then piled up to shut off the bad air. soon penetrated the temporary bulk- head, but when members of the res- cue team arrived they found all the men still conscious and the group | was conveyed to the surface in a state of nervous exhaustion. - Pathetic Scenes. Throughout the night joyous re- union occasionally relieved the sor- rowful scenes. Stories of heroism, common in coal mine disasters, began to trickle to the outside world early this morning as begrimed rescuers came to the sur- face after long hours of work in the mine. < Many Injured May Die. 1t probably will be late today be- fore a complete official check of the dead and injured will be available, according to company officials, remained at the mine all night in an effort to relieve the minds of anxious relatives. Many of the more seriously injured may succumb, it was said at the hos- pital in Bessemer, where they were taken after they were brought from the mine last night. it was after midnight before the state militia at the scene of the disaster was able to clear the district about the mine entrance of the hun- dreds of curious who came to watch the rescue work. Fourteen men were working within the mine about one mile from the en- trance when the explosion took place. All felt the forge of the blast, entered a pocket in the walls of the mine and were rescued uninjured at 7:30 o'clock last night. 300 NAVY YARD MEN TO BE DROPPED TODAY. The “Washington navy yard me- chanical force will be reduced with the close of business this afternoon by 300 employes. All of the discharges which take place today are from the mechanical forces, but those to take place on November 30 will include a_number in the clerical branches. The e ployes were discharged outright, 1urieigh being given them. no i 1 i { | i i I | 1 i Entered as sacond-class imnatter post_office Washington, D. C. NATIONS STILL PUZZLED h WASHINGTON, D. BY U.S.ROLE AT LAUSANNE Declaration by Ambassador Child of| Policy to Hear All But Take No Respon- sibility Nor Vote BY A. R. DECKER. By Cable to The Star and Chicago Daily News. Copyright, 1922, LAUSANNE, November 23.—The declaration of the American position in the Lausanne conference made by Richard Washburn Child, ambassador to Italy, at the first active session has not satisfied the other delegates. There is a growing desire to know just how the United States stands and what position developments might cause the American delegation to assume. There is a feeling that the United States at last is about to depart from the observing policy and in some way take an active part in the proceedings. Observing Over Wide Scope. In his declaration Ambassador Child explained that the American delegation reserved the right to be TURKS THREATEN T0 JOIN RUSSIANS IF ALLIES DIGTATE Decide to Unite With Soviet to ‘Show “United Front” at Lausanne. By Cable to The Star and Chicago Daily News. Copyright, 1f LAUSANNE, November 23.—The Turks have announced their intention of breaking thelr silence. “There is 2 united front against us and we must oppose it with a united front.” they say. Having heard that terms are to be dictated to them, they have decided to cast their lot with the Russians, who will arrive in Lau- sanne on Sunday. Soviet Delegates Depart. By the Associated Press. MOSCOW, November 23.—M. Ra- kowsky and M. Mdivany, delegates respectively to the Lausanne confer- ence from the Ukraine and Georgia, departed for the Swiss city today. They Were accompanied by a corps of stenographers. Foreign Minister Tehitcherin is expected to leave for Lausanne next week. THRACE STILL ISSUE. Enthusiasm of Turks For Plebiscite Dampened. By the Associated Pres LAUSANNE, November The question of Thrace was again before the commission on military and terri- torial matters at the Lausanne con-| a {ference today. Ismet Pasha was ex- on pected to make a long speech © in Turkey's claim for a plebiscite western Thrace. The enthusiasm of the Turkish dele- gates for a plebiscite has evidently | been considerably dampened by the discovery® that England, Italy and France are solidly united against the claims of the Turks to western Thrace. The nationalists are also considering the significance of a meeting of the Balkan delegates last night at which it is understood there was a discussion of the policy to be adopted by the Balkan states on the question of western Thrace. Supported by Three Powers. It was apparent today that Greece, Rumania and Jugoslavia, in view of the opposition to a plebiscite express- ed yesterday by the entente spokes- man, have the hearty support of the three great powers in their efforts to prevent Turkey from extending her western boundary beyond the Maritza river. The meeting of the Balkan repre- sentatives, which was called by for- the | mer Premier Venizelos of Greece, was trapped men.- A brattice, or protect- | regarded in conference circles as of considerable imlportance because it The gas | was the first time in many years/that Greece, Bulgaria, Jugoslavia and Ru- mania had come togethex to present a united front on a clearly defined is- sue. At this morning's session of the commission on military and territorial matters Ismet Pasha maintained the Turkish claim to western Thrace, which he put forward yesterday. He also_insisted that Kargatch, across the Maritsa from Adrianople, must be regarded as indivisible from Adria- nople. SYNOD PRESIDENT DIES. NEW YORK, November 23.—Rev. David G. Wills, president the Pres- byterian Synod of America and pastor of a church in Astoria, died in a Long who | Island City Hospital tonight of in- juries suffered when he was struck by a taxicab. He was sixty-two years old. House Committe Asks Evidence in Daugherty Case The House judiciary committee adopted a resolution today, calling on Representative Keller, repub- lican, Minfiesota, to present by De- cember 1 a statement of facts showing the alleged act or acts for which he has asked for the im- peachment of Attorney General Daugherty. Mr. Keller further was request- ed to name, As far as possible, “the persons involved in each transac- tion, the time and place_thereof and the witnesses by which such facts can be established. The resolution was passed by unanimous vote on a roll call, the following members being present: Volstead, Graham, Dyer, Boies, Christopherson, Goodykoonts, Her- Michener, Epe. Vise, sey, Chandler, Foster, Hickey, Summers, Monta, “Tiiiman and Dominick. | because it is hoped that they will Fails to Satisfy. present, to be heard in plenary and other sessions, including those of commissions and committees, and to be heard in equality with the other members without the right of voting, suming obligations, taking office or becoming signatories of agreements or reports. So far, the Americans have not departed from the observing policy, and. except for Mr. Child's brief declaration, have mefely listen- They have made and received but these have been purely formal. . In corversations with members of | the various delegations one gains the | impression that the United States is |a welcome co-member with important interests at stake. The Greeks say | that they are- extremely glad the | United States is represented, partly help to secure protection for minori- | ties and_will continues relief meas- |ures and partly because they may (Continued on Page 4, Column 3. B aron Sonnino, Ex-Premier of Italy, Is Dying By the Assoclated Press. - ROME, November 23.—Baron Sidney Sonnino, former premier and foreign minister, suffered a stroke of apo-| plexy today and is dying. ‘The stroke was described by the baron’s physicians as cerebral apo- plexy and his con- dition, it was stated, left no hope for his re- covery. Baron Sonnino is seventy-five years | axeurs s s of age. He was prime minister twice before the BARON SONNINO, war, but it was through his serv- ice as foreign minister throughout the war and during the peace conference in Paris that he won his greatest prominence in international affairs. INEWRENT BOARD | INNEXTTEN DAYS President Assures Senator Ball Appointments Will Be Announced. | 1 NO HINT AS TO CHOICES Urgency of Naming Commission in View of Work Increase Impressed. President Harding within the next! jten days will make known the five persons to comprise the new Dis- trict Rent Commission. Positive ‘assurance to this effect was given by the executive today when Senator Ball of Delaware, father jof the Ball rent act, which provided | for the extension of the life of the commission and increased it in its membership from three to five mem- bers, and Edward F. Colladay, re- publican national committeeman from the District, called at the White House. It is understood that while the President gave this assurance that |he would no longer delay making the appointments, he gave no inti- | mation to his callers of his choicé of ipersonnel for the commission. The fact was not determined whether or not he has made up his mind yet as to whom he will nominate. Told of Urgent Need. It was explained that Senator Ball | and Mr. Colladay had their audience |with the executive for the sole pur- ipose of impressing upon him the ur- gent necessities for appointing the tull commission without longer de- lay. He was told of the great in- crease in the work of the commis- sion, making it practically impos- sible for the present three members to keep anywhere near abreast with the business before them. The un- avoidable delays in consideration and disposition of pending cases because of the physical impossibility for the commission to complete its task at its present size, were described to Mr. Harding. To properly present statistics and facts concerning the present status of the business of the commission, espe- cially the inconvenience and embar. rassments being caused by the swamped state of the commission, Senator Ball had William R. Richards, assessor of the District, and a mem ber ex-officio of the commission, at- tend the conference at the White IHDE!G. Impressed by Appeal. It was stated that the President ap- peared greatly impressed with the necessity for hurrying matters and 1 that he left'no doubt in the minds of his callers when he assured them that he would give the matter his immediate attention and that "he would have the nominations before the Senate almost immediately after Congress convenes for its regular ses- slon; commencing December 4. ‘When Senator Ball and Mr. -Colla- day called on the President: shortly’ after the passage of the Ball exten- sion act, more than six months ago, they presented to him a list of name: of persons to be considered in m: ing his selection of a personnel. ‘Whether or not the President will be gulded in_full or in g:n by those recommendations - he s, given ‘' no indication up ‘to this time., . WITH SUNDAY MORNING EDITION C, PRESIDENT NAMES THURSDAY, PIERCE BUTLERTO | SUPREME BENCH Appointee to Succeed Day Is Democrat and Native of Minnesota. HAS WIDE REPUTATION FOR LEGAL KNOWLEDGE Served as State’s Attorney and Counsel for Western Railroad. Pierce Butler of St. Paul, Minn., was nominated today by President Harding as associate justice of the Supreme Court, to take the place made vacant by the resignation of Assoclate Justice Day. Mr. Butler has been a democrat in politics and is a member of the Ro- man Catholic Church and has a na- tion-wide reputation as a lawyer of character and of motable ability. He was born in Minnesota in 1866 and after an education in the public schools at Carleton. Minn,, he was ad- mitted to the bar in 1888. Three years later' he became assistant state's at- torney of Ramsay county and two years afterward was elected state's attorney. After a term of four years in that office he retired to enter gen- eral practice and a few years Jater be- came general attorney of the Chica- go. Bt Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha rallroad. Counsel in Packer Case. Mr. Butler Is at the present time member of the firm of Powell. Butler & Mitchell of St. Paul. He was retained by an important group of railroads to look after their in- terests in connection with the fed- eral legislation providing for the valuation of railroads. In this ca- pacity he has become a leading au- thority on railroad questions. About two years ago he was retained by the government of Canada as its counsel in the proceedings to deter- mine the price which the Grand Trunk Pacific Rallroad Company should be paid for its properties when faken over by the Foverhment. In 1910 Mr. Butler was appointed special counsel for the government by the then Attorney General, George W. Wickersham, in the prosecution of the Chicago meat packers, under in- dictment for violation of the Sherman act. This was the famous case before Justice Wilkerson. The trial was be- Tore a jury, which acquitted the de. fendants, but the Attorney Géneral paid high tribute to Mr. Butler's Munagement of the case. Tn fecognition of his authority in cases involving the valuation of great public. utlties, Mr. Butler has guite Nt e v atatned by the ity of Toronto to handle its case in fixing the valuation at which its traction system is to be bought by the city. 3ir. Butler iu the regret of the Uni- versity of Minnesota, having been appbinted by Gov. Johnson, a long- time intimate friend. Of Mr. But- ler's eight children, seven are living and three served in the world war. EATH OF b SEEN ASPISON MURDER Authorities Doubt Family Wiped Out Entirely by Accident. By the Associated Press. LANCASTER, Ohio, November 23.— ‘While partial solution of the mystery surrounding the snuffing out of the lives of the entire family of Irvin Henderson—father, mother and four small children—was expected to come through examination of the vital or- gans of the two aduits at Columbus today, officials here were basing their investigation of the tragedy on the supposition that the family died from the effects of poison ‘intentionally ad- ministered. Theories that the deaths were ac- cidental were cast aside while police and county officials searched for the possible perpetrator and a plausible motive, Mother Is Suspected. Opinion that the six persons whose bodies were found in the Henderson home yesterday died from the effects of a quick-acting poison, possibly taken with eir evening meal on ‘Tuesday, wasf expressed by Dr. R. W. Mondhank, a local physiclan, who at- tended them several days previous to their deaths and yesterday performed an autopsy. Foremost in the minds qf investi- gators today apparently was the pos- sibility that responsibility for the %sllhs rested within the family. Mrs. enderson, according to Dr. Mond- hank, had been in ill health for some time, and he laid stress upon the pos- sibility that she may have been nfen- {tally ‘unbalanced by protracted ill- ness. She frequently had conducted herself strangely in his presence, Dr. Mondhank said, especially during ill- ness of several hembers of the family which preceded _their deaths and which, it was thought, might have been caused by taking poison!either in guantities too large or too' small to have fatal effect. Henderson Feared, Striker. Attention still was being given the statement of Henderson to Dr. Mond- hank that he believed enemies wer: giving him poison and Henderso intimation in ‘an unmailed- letter di- rected to the state department of health that some one might have entered his homeé~and placed poison in the family’s provisions, but these theories had been discounted some- what by investigation. Henderson had given the physician the name of & man he sald he sus- Eoclbd of bearing il fecling toward im g because Henderson had been em- ployed at the Pennsylvania railroad shops, where the shopmen's strike re. mains unsettled, but officials believed it highly improbablé that such ' a suspicion would be sul ntiated. No date has been set for the coro- ner’s inquest, but it was expected to follow announcement of the outcome of the analysis of the vital organs of the victim: NOVEMBER i = ontinued on Page 2,* 23, STARIEF™ 1S TANC, ess . e\ 1LL ra, St gg?’ \‘\_\0\\5:-‘3\& PSRN < ?\S{\(IIN\’\]ON‘ /, OANS oF ‘g\\\-\-‘ NS 1922—FORTY-FOUR . PAGES. U.S. TREASURY N\ SHIPBILLTOGNE | U..S. LINES MILLIONS NOW GOING ABROAD Representative Greene Tells House Plan Will Relieve Years of Injustice. Representative Greent of Massachu-| setts, chairman of the House merchant | marine committee, told the House today | that the administration shipping bill | would create an adequate merchant marine, increasing America’s foreign trade, retain in the country $300,000.- 000 annually in freight money, give work to thousands of men and guaran- | tee the nation against the necessity for again being faced-with. the task of build- ing a war-time merchant fleet. Long Years of Injustice. “It is because American shipping mf the foreign trade, alone of all our in- dustries, has not been aid in the past, that it has gonel down,” Mr. Greene as- serted. “In this bill we are seeking to remedy long years of discrimination and injustice.” H The word “subsidy.” Mr. Greene said, | had become a “bugaboo” to some and | he asked the House to disassociate it | from their minds in considering the measure. “What are the irrigation dams and watersheds set up by the federal government in co-operation _ with certain states if not a form of sub- sidy to landowners, stockraisers and agrigulturists?” he asked. “What are the land grants and franchises given to rallroads? Subsidy. What are the advances made for highway? Subsidy. What are the farm mort- gage banks for if not to provide those concerned at least an indirect subsidy. These are beneficient appli- cations of a principle with which the public is thoroughly familiar. Why deny its potential beneficience in an- gther quarter because it happens to come forward under a different designation?” Initiative Must Still Be Shown. Mr. Greene said the bill provided a merchant marine fund of $4,000,- | 000 annually, to which would be added 10 per cent of the annual customs duties, amounting to about $30,000,- 000. Excess earnings of ships re- ceiving compensation also would go into the fund. Compensation to ships would be authorized for periods not exceeding ten years. Even with this aid, Mr. Greene said, American ship owners would have to show Initiative and enterprise, because the compensation would not equalize the difference in labor cost between American and foreign ships. “It is precisely estimated,” he con- tinued, “that on the basis of actual shipping available the bill will not call for a greater amount of subsidy or_compensation than $12,000,000 to! $15,000,000-for the first vear, and that an eventual expenditure ‘of about $30,000,000 will create and maintain a total American shipping in forelgn trade of 7.500,000 tons gross register and capable of carrying from 60 to 60 per cent, or the greater portion, of the import and export trade of the United States. Ban on Prefiteering. Mr. Greene called attention to the feature whereby if, in any one year, net profits of any ship exceeded 10 | per cent, the balance would be repald until the full amount of the com- pensation was returned to the Treas- ury. This, he said, would prevent profiteering. Calling attention to a recent oc- currence at Alexandria, Egypt, where ! he sald American ship owners had been told the carrying of ‘long-fiber cotton to the American trade was a British mionopoly, Mr. Greene asked if there w#s any member of the House “whose face does-not flush with shame and resentment at such a situation.” “Yet British greed and arrogance 8 | had reached that point at Alexandria,” he said. “What happened at Alex- andria may happen at any port in the world. Therefore American shipping must have & powerful law or it will not succeed.” By Bill Gets Right of Way. A The way was cleared for the fight in the House today, when the ship- ping bill was givern t of by the adoption of a resolution bronght in by the rules committee yesterday. ‘Although the resolution, which car- ried provision for unlimited amend- ment and & vote on final passage No- vember 29, was adopted by a vote of 200 to 110, House leaders did not be- lieve this could be taken as an indi- cation the final line-up on the measure. On the basis of a survédy taken after the initial skirmish, how- 1)’ The M FrenchMil By Georges Clemenceau. ICopyriuht. 1922, United tates, Great Briton, Canada and South Am bu North American Ncapeper Alliance and New York World (Press Pub Company). ANl rights reserved. Unlicensed reproduction in full or in part expreasty prohibited.] Editor's Note: In the following article, the first of a series writen exclusively for The Star and the sixty-eight other members of the North American Newspaper Alliance, Georges Clemenceau breaks a silence which dates back to the signinz of the treaty of Versailles. Not since then has the “Tiger of France” expressed himself upon international affairs either speech or writing, not even in the pages of his own journal, Echo Nationale. Althongh M. Clemenceau represents neither of the two chief parties of France, he remains as solidly a national figure as when he was winning the war. words are being read eagerly today in France, England, Holland, Switzerland. Argentina, Japan and many other countries where these articles are being released simultaneously for publication. RANCE emé&rged from the war of 1870 grievously wounded and adrift. She had until then blindly obeyed the personal and chimerical politics of Napoleon 1II. She had followed the monarch to the Crimea and to Mexico. This long succession of errors came to.a head at Seden:=-- The empire was thrown to the ground not only for having choked all freedom of opinion, for having refused the nation the right to ex- press its will, but also and above all because of the policy of adventure which had, in twenty years, cost us four wars and which had ended in catastrophe. The republicans had two objectives: to save France and to give her a peace enabling her to live and survive and to work. HONORED TREATY SIGNED UNDER PRESSURE. 2 We were obliged to put our signature beneath the treaty of Frank- fort. We honored that signature. The pact tore two provinces irom us, part of our very flesh. Without doubt not a single French heart ever consented to consider as legitimate such a mautilation or eves continued to beat but in sympathy for Alsace and Lorraine. But we neither desired nor prepared a war of revenge, which, however, satisfying and glorious it might have developed, would have appeared to the worl as a crime against humanity. For fifty years we suffered cruelly the loss of two provinces whose hearts had remained so true to us. W never depended on anything else, for reparations for the crime com- mitted, than_upon the reign of international justice. Thus only could be re-established what Bismarck had shattered. REPUBLIC THE ISSUE OF MISFORTUNE. We scrupulously executed the treaty of Frankfort. We sought to dodge none of its obligations. If, after fifty years of German occupation, we found Alsace and Lorraine still so French: if Germany during fifty years of attempted conquest of Alsace and Lorraine hearts only met with check upon check, that fact was due to German stupidity and brutality of method and to the unswerving and disinterested devotion of Alsace and Lorraine to France. The republic was the issue of our misfortunes. It was born of our desire for peace. One of our first tasks, after the war of 1870, was the elaboration of the Constitution »f 1875, which had as its main purpose the freeing of the French people that it might thereafter work out its own destiny. The nation itself, speaking through its representatives, should henceforth decide on war or peace. No war is today possible unless it is willed by the majority of the nation. France desired peace, and during peace, work. FRUITFUL PERIOD IN FRENCH HISTORY. No period in our history proved more fertile than that separating the wars of 1870 and 1914. On the very morrow of our disasters, our commerce and industry began to revive. In the intellectual field, in the domain of science, of art and letters no epoch in our national history was ever so fruitful. France depended body and soul upon the worker. France resolutely abstained from all projects. of revenge. She required some outlet for those characteristics of a great nation, moral and material, that had sustained her through a history of sanguinary ordeal. She found it across the seas. The work of colonization undertaken by France in Africa and in ‘Asia had the effect of deflecting the mation’s mind ‘from the gaping- wound in its side and of opening up a new field of economic endeavor and activity. While France thus labored peacefully on, Germany, under the fist of Bismarck and his successors, pursued her wild dreams of overlord: ship. The treaty of Frankfort once signed, it dawned upon her that France was not dead and was actually following up her destiny. Ger- many thereupon determined to complete her work of world violence. Eight times between 1870 and 1914 she attempted to -relight the fire. In 1875 the intervention of the Czar of Russia, backed by England, was necessary in order to prevent Bismarck from repeating his crime. In April, 1887, Schnoebele, commissary of police at Pagny, on the Moselle, fell. into an ambush laid by the Reich. Europe was aroused by this act of provocation and Bismarck was obliged to release his prisoner. In November of the same year there followed fresh threats and provocation. Bismarck, “thanked” and dismissed by his master, nevertheless left as a legacy to his successors his principles and methods. In March; I on the morrow of the disaster of Mukden, and thinking our Russjan friends harmless and out of the picture, William II indulged in the theatrical provocation of Tangicrs. In June the German menac became so intense that the French government was obliged to dismiss its minister -of foreign affairs, M. Delcasse, in response to demands from Berlin. In 1906 Germany bullied us at Algeciras, where we were trying to benefit by the good offices of the American government. In 1908 she sought a quarrel with us in Morotco over three deserters from Yesterday’s Net Circulation, 92,015 TWO CENTS. U.5. WILLNOTAD CLEMENCEAU PLAW, SENATOR DECLARES { Hitchcock Tells Colleagues French Policy Toward Ger- many Is Too Drastic. * | PEACE IS IMPOSSIBLE BY COERCION, HE SAYS Criticizes Present French Govern- ment for “Militaristic” Atti- tude Since War. the French we The policies adopted by ! government toward Germany declared to be far too drastic to per- | mit the United States at this time to co-operate with France in the Euro- pean situation, Senator Hitchcock of | Nebraska declared in the Senate to- {day. replying to the plea made b: former Premier Clemenceau of France, voiced in his speeches since coming to this country Senator Hitchcock, characterizing M. Clemencaau as “the great French statesman,” vaid that it was not his purpose to criticize the former prime | minister for expressing His views, but rather to set forth the reasons why the United States could not act with | France while the present policies of the French government were con- tinued. M. Clemenceau, he said. had come to | America for the avowed purpose of | setting before the American people | certain criticisms of the policy-of the United States. He said that M. Clen:- enceau had expressed a willingness to exchange criticism with Amer | cans. Senator Hitehcock =aid that h | thought this was a good method ; Criticizes Clemenceau. { _ The Nebraska senator declared { France. if she had intended to sen:: {an envoy to the United States to plea: { for cosoperation, might have made better choice. He said that M. Clemenceau has no: | been recognized as an_extreme mili- tarist, as have other Frenchmen nosw {in charge of governmental affairs. vet he had represented an _extremel: { harsh policy toward Germany. Sena- tor Hitcheock read from a book, by | former Premier Nitti of Italy. in | which the Italian criticized M. Clem- i enceau and declared that no one wa« {less fitted for the work of bringinz | about peace than M. Clemenceau; that ihe saw nothing beyond the need of | destroying the enemy and because of {his_age he could not visualize tii { problems of the future. “Yet M. Clemenceau is mild com- ared to the present government in ce, in its treatment of Germany.’ | Scnator Hitchcock. “The pres- | ent attitude of the government | France may be described as the ex- { tremist of the extreme. What I sa: ! & merely criticism of the policy | the French government, which sh ibe amended before asking the Unit | States to co-operate with France Foreign Markets Falling Off. “I have heen a severe critic of th- United States for leaving Euron: {when it did. with the problems of rehabilitation still to be worked out | Our desertion is being felt by us now and 1 believe that the time has come vhen the American people realize the mistake which was made. There has | been trous depression of busi- ! ness. Our foreign markets have been alling off.” this point Senator Borah of interrupted. savi “The senator from Nebrask: to lagree with Clemenceau that the United States should participate in the | settlement of European problems, but | | Fran, 2 | At | 1aaho | Clemenceau is nebulous in discussing what the United States shopld do_in Europe. Does Clemenceau desire that shall ratify the Versallles treaty jand return to Europe to help carr out that treaty in the way that France is now keeking to do”" “I agree that M. Clemenceau is somewhat nebulous” replied Sena- tor Hitchcock. = “At present it is my intention to speak of the unsur- mountable obstacles to the United States co-operating with Frante now. If France would abandon her pres- ent course, then America might par- ticipate.” Polity of France. “YWhen has ‘the policy of France been different from what it is today. since the armistice was entered into.” | demanded Senator Borah. Senator Hitchcock, without reply- ing to Mr. Borah. began a discussion of the policy of France toward Ger- many. which he severely criticized In the first place, he said, France demands of Germany reparations in an amount absolutely impossible. He said that it almost appeared that France would prefer to have Germany fail in meeting the reparations pay- ment. He said that it is an admitted act that Germany has paid all the reparations possible under existing conditions, that even by military oc- cupation France could not wring more out of Germany. Senator Hitch- cock said that Germany this winter was facing a crisis due to the lack of foodstuffs and that revolution or in- surrection was threatening because of the menace of hunger. Criticizes African Troops. Senator Hitcheock criticized France also for keeping African troops on the Rhine, and declared that appar- ently it was only for the purpose of goading Germany to violence. Senator Spencer of Missouri point- ed out that the War Department had reported that the troops were Mo- roccans and Aral and that their con- duct was as good as the conduct of any other troops. Senator Hitencock, continuing his charge that France is militaristic, said that, even when France scnt delegates to the Washington con fernece on the limitation of arma- ment, they refused to consider herc the question of land disarmament, and that now, according to press dispatches, France is not going to ratify that part of the resulis of the | conterence providing for the limita- tian of naval armament. “The United States cannot afford to give its moral support to a country that consists in militarism,” said Sen- ator Hitehcock. “France today main- tains an army of 700,000 men, the largest army ever.maintained in time of peace, larger even than the Ger- man army when Germany was pre- paring for wa Polints to Other Reductions. Senator Hitchcock pointed out that Great Britain has reduced her army to about 200,000 men. the United States 125,000,'and that Germany has been forced to reduce to 100,000. Under_the terms of the treaty of peace, Senator Hitchcock said, Ger- many was forced ‘to disarm so that the other nations might reduce their armament. yet France has failed to do { {Contlifacd ON Vage 4, Co.umin 4.1 d on Pa