Evening Star Newspaper, June 19, 1922, Page 2

* ONCHINA TIGHTENS Wfih Chang and Dr. Sun Routed, His Power Is Steadily Growing. By the Associated Press. PEKING, June 19.—The grasp of Wu Pei-Fu on the disturbed sitya- tion in China apparently was stronger today than at any time since his de- feat of Chang Tso-Lin, rebel super- tuchun of Munchuria, at the gates of Peking first brought him in promi- nence as a prospective “strong man of China. Dr. Sun Yat Sen, principal opponent of the Peking governmlent, in whose behalf Wu has been exercising his admitted military genius, has fled from Canton, where the Southern Chinese government he headed 1s overthrown and Chen Chiung-Ming, who is favorable to Wu, is In control. Tn the north the leaders of Wu's ermy on the southern Manchurian front and the head of the forces of Chang Tso-Lin in that region hav concluded a_definite armistice, ac to advices from Chinwangtao eady tien troops ng toward Mukden, much as Chang agreed they should under the former armistice he signed with Wu and Jater broke. The armis- | tice, acc % to all available in- 1 tion here, resulted from a meeting of the two commanders aboard a British vessel at Chinwang- a0 last Friday. There is nothing at hand to indicate that it is entered fnto anything but good faith on ang's part. But if Aghting is over or apparently over. in the north, Wu still faces a determined, and, he has #aid, fanatic enemy in the south. Wu believes that Sun holds himself Inted to reunite China, and t clief finds support in the fact that Sun, at last reports an exile from his own capital and safety aboard a gunboat in Canton river, still is determined to fight. Boa Shell Canton. Five boats, under Sun's leadership, shelled a part of Canton. The ch reports the casualties as few, because of the flight of many in- habitante. Sun, moreover, have is waiting for the remmnants of his defeated army to rally so that-he may attempt the recapture of Canton. There has been a_battle at Kianfu, 150 miles from Nanchang, capital of the Ki- angsi, and thers have been clashes elsewhere in that province, which Sun has been anxious to conquer to Sup- ply himself with a_means of access 1o the valley of the Yangtze Wu's 12,000 troops at Nanchang mpparently are standing fast before Bun's beleaguering forces, and Chen Chiung-Ming., at Canton. IS _Showing no disposition to accede to Sun's representations for a_concilfation be- tween them. Chen. formerly one of Sun’s_chief military leaders, recent- Iy adhered to the proposal of Wu at the old China parliament be convoked to supply the country with | & constitutional government. Wu Ting-fang’a Factor. Students of Chinese affairs are specu- lating on what, if any, influence Dr. Wu Ting-fang may be exerting on the sit- uation. Wu, who formerly was minis- ter at Washington, has 3 personal fol- lowing which .probably {s' Jarger than that of any other Chinese. Li Yuan- Hung, on his pestoration a few days ago to the presidency, whence he was ousted In 1917, asked Wu to become his pre- mler, but Wi has not vet responded. If Wu has taken any share in the stiffening of Chen’s opposition to Dr. Bun's proposals, friends of the Peking regime would find considerable comfort in the fact as evidence of growing sup- port of that administration in an im- portant quarter. Wu has been known @s a leader in the Canton government's fight for dissolution of the assertedly unconstitutional regime of Hsu Shih- Chang, now succeeded by that of Li Yuan-Hung. SUN WATCHES BOMBARDING. On Board Warship Which Shelled Canton—Looting Reported. By the Associated Press. LONDON, June 19.—Sun Yat Sen, former head of the Chinese govern- ment, who fled from Canton upon the occupation of the city by the forces of Chen Chiung-Ming, was on one of the warships which shelled Canton Baturday, says a Hongkong dispatch to the Times. The warships continued their bom- bardment for half an hour at mid- day, using six-pound and three-pound and firing was renewed at 4 firing ceased, troops robbed the people on streets on the pretext of searching for arms and ammunition. The streets became practically deserted, whereupon the scldiers looted the shops. A great exodus from Canton was taking place when the dispatch was filed. Train service between Kow- Joon and Canton has been sus but river boats ply thelr rou Sun Yat Sen's naval forces co in addition to a few provincial boats, of six fairly modern ships, representing the north squadron, which he seized about six weeks ago! The Fukienese crews have been re laced by Cantonese. Chen Chiung- Ming has no ships, but apparently holds the principal forts. DEFENSE IS CONTINUED. Minister Seeks to Prove Self-De- fense in Slaying of Logan Deputy. By the Associated Press. CHARLES TOWN, W. Va,, June 1! ~—Attorneys for the defense in the trial of the Rev. J. E. Wilburn, Blair minister, charged with killing a Logan county deputy sheriff last August during the miners’ march, continued today their attempt to prove that the minister acted in self- defense. It was their contention that fear on the part of the residens of Blair that Logan county deputy sherlffs would invade the town caused Wil- burn and a party of miners to take to the hi amps on the Log-n Boone border, and that when thew met a party of deputies they fought in self-defense. of the deputies were killed, includin John Gore, with whoae death Wilburn is charged. A negro on the miner: ide was killed, but testimony adduc. ed by the atate showed.that he had ‘been shot In the back. ADVERSE REPORT MADE. Senate 'Gets Commissioners’ Rec- ommendation on 16th Street. The Senate today received from the Distriet Commissioners an adverse report on a Senate bill proposing to obange the name of 16th street to the Avenue of the Presidents. The report recited the fact that in 913 the name had been chan t proved unsatisfactory to t dents, and that the original name had Deen restored. seeking |1 N | of alleged democrats LIVE WIRE KILLS THREE. Woman snd Two Men Die as Pool of Bain Water Is Charged. NORTH ANSON, Me.,, June 19.—A woman and two men were electro- cuted today as the result of a horse coming in contact with a charged wire in s pool of rain water. A guy wire in the millyard of the North Anson_Manufacturing Company was crossed by a high tension wire, and the horse, driven by Ora Pullen, struck it. Pullen was killed in go. ing to the ald of the animal, and Mrs. Thomas Moran and Warren Nut ting met death when they stepped into the water to assist Pullen. JURY WILL PROBE RIOT ON THURSDAY Arrested Men to Get Hear- ing in Police Court Wednes- day—Call Witnesses. Investigation of the riot on the steamer Charles Macalester Wednes- {day night, during which Louis B. | McCormack of this city was fatally |stubbed and a number of others | wounded, will be started by a special {grand jury at Alexandria Thursday { morning at 10 o’clock The jury was ordered Saturday {night by Ju Robinson Moncure, ‘and the men sclected were summoned this morning. They are T. E. Tim- {berman, Harry Hammond, John H. Trimyer, A. S. Doniphan, Clinton 8. Ballenger, David N. Hulfish Thomas C. Hoy. AJl Alexandria witnesses have been ordered summoned, and the police of { Washington requested to bring Wash- nigton witnesses before the jury. Alexandria police were still busy on the case today, but said there were no new developments. A_coroner's jury summoned by Dr. . N. Jones will meet tomorrow even- at police headquarters there to everal additional witnesses. . Aldred Waters, who is held in custody, and Earl Figart; out on §7,000 and bail, W were arrested Saturday morning in connection with the riot, be given a preliminary hearing nesday morning in the police court before Civil and Police Justice F. G. Duval. DOVER HAD NEVER SEEN BLACK LIST Treasury Official Returns From New York—Genuine Petition Given President. Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Dover had never seen the black list in the Treas- ury Department circulated last week among republican members of Con- gress, it was learned today. Mr. Dover, who has returned from ap official trip to New :York, said he had nothing_ 49 say concerning the situation. But"it was learned from reliahle sources that Mr, Dever had no previous knowledge of the list, as circulated anony son who has still, covered reason, refused his identity. Some of Mr. Dover's per- sonal friends, republicans, were list- ed, it was said. Although the black list presented officially to President Har. ing, the genuine petition which was signed by 164 republicans and pre- sented by Representative Begg of Ohio today was on the President's indersing the policies of Mr. Begs Takes Fling at Gllbert. Representative letter from Undersecretary Gilbert of the Treasury Department, a republi- can, who was listed as a democrat, by denying that he had had anything to do with the black list petition. Your own statement,” Mr. wrote, however, “about being assi ant secretary of the Treasury under Mr. McAdoo and Mr. Wilson classifies you in my estimation and increases my confidence in the list. Undersecretary Gilbert was under- stood today to have dismissed the matter and sald he would have nothing more to do or say about t. Over Eighty Under Civil Serviee. The National Civil Service Reform League yesterday issued a statement in which it claimed that out of the 136 employes whose dismissal was asked in the anonymous and unsign- ed petition eighty came under the civil service law and could not be removed except through the usual channels of charges. In certain quarters at the Treasury today it was estimated that the number under civil service on the list was probably larger than eighty. —— SMALL RESTS HIS CASE. Illinois Governor Offers No De- fense Evidence. By the Associated Press. ‘WAUKEGAN, 111, June 19.—Gov. Len Small will offer no evidence in his be- half in his trial for conspiracy, C. C. Leforgee of defense counsel announced in court today, but will rest on the evi- dence of the prosecution. The announcement came as a com- plete surprise. It had been expected that the defense would require two or three weeky. The prosecution com- pleted its case today. Small is accused of conspiracy to defraud the state while state treasurer. Former Senator, Oldest at Wesleyan Reunion INDERWOOD Begg answered a Al Upper—Bri on arrival he; OPPOSES PROPOSAL IN MILITARY BILL Secretary Weeks Protests Including Emergency Officers in Regular Retired List. Secretary Weeks today opposed be- fore the House military committee the bill which would place on the regular retired list of the Army offi- cers of the emergency army who were incapacitated in service during the world war. Much as I regret it, I protest nst any officer not connected with the active service being included in the retired list” the Secretary said. “If it was merely a bill for com- pensating the officers of the emer- gency army I would approve it. When these officers recelved their disability they were in the emergency army. Congress should make & special re- tired list for them and provide for their compensation by a special ap- propriation for their disabllities in- ;::crred in the service I would not ob- Reasons for Opposition. The effect of the bill, the Secretary statad, would be to so load the entire list as to break it down. While there are now estimated to be 2,000 former emergency officers who would by the terms of the pending bill be placed upon the retired the number would largely increase, the Secretary asserted, adding that the retired list thus would come to cost more than the active list. The Secretary said it was only the preservation of the tired list which enabled the Army to keep in the servige many highly ef- ficlent officers who were constantly recelving favorable offers from pri- vate concerns. Cites an Omission. He further objected to the pending bill because it made no provision to treat officers of the Spanish and civil wars on the same footing as those of the world war. Secretary Weeks also told the com- mittee he was orgoud to the pending bill, which would require the Secre. taries of War and Navy to give Boy Scouts government property having no commercial value, on the ground that the principle involved was harm. ful,dllthaush the direct object was good. g BRITISH SYNDICATE BUYS MOSUL OIL FIELDS Heirs of Sultan Abdul Hamid Said to Have Obtained §5,000,000 in Deal. By the Associated Press. CONSTANTINOPLE, June 19.—The heirs of the Sultan Abdul Hamid, with the consent of the sublime porte, have sold extensive property in the Mosul oil flelds to a British ayndicate for $5,000,000, according to the Anatolian press. The Angora newspapers declare th transaction illegal and urge the na. tionalist reported there has been great activit: among the representatives of the oll interest w0 weeks and & promi- for the last 01l man left for Angora nent Standare Saturday. Special significance is at- tached to this as the Kemalists have not granted permisaion to any Ameri- can to travel into the interior for the last month. EX-KAISER’S FLASK FOUND Arrest of Radicals Reveals Part of Costly Camping Outfit. v e T B4t Qe It -When the radi. in the War BERLIN, June 19. cals attempted to seize Berlin nnluN%u'-Z.uyl following the partially plilaged. E arreet of & radi- cal ex-commander at flw‘m& ata- & Soman a4 gem: flask’ with fis geld oup studded stopper. s MARINES EN ROUTE re. Lower—Making shelter tent camp sovornnunt to ignore it. The eal is unconfirmed here, but East Potomac Park. Special Dispatch to Th BALTIMORE, June 19.—There is & new organization in Baltimore. Tt 18 called the “Honey Bees.” You are allowed seven guesses as to where it draws its members from. All seven guesses are wrong, for policemen of the Northeastern dis- trict are the “honey bees.' The club, like all clubs, has a pur- “Don't get peeved"—the motto e organization—tells this pur- 1f you have Imagined ‘“cop- pers” as hard-boiled individuals re- vamp your impression. They are “honey bees.’ Each of the 165 policemen in the district have been given application cards that read as follow We, the undersigned, promise to BITTER PARTY FEUD RAGING IN BERLIN Clash of Monarchists and Workingmen Feared on June 28. BY GEORGE WITTE. By Cable to The Star and the Chicago Daily News. Copyright, 1922. BERLIN, June 19.—Another bitter foud between the monarchists and tworkingmen has broken out in Ber- lin. The soclalistic parties are warn- ing the government and the public that the royalists are planning an- other coup d’etat for June 28, the third anniversary of Germany's ac- ceptance of the treaty of Versaill The League of Nationalist Officers and the Assoclation of Nationalist Soldiers both have called mass meét- ings for that day, but they declare that it is merely to protest againat paragraph 231 of the treaty of Ver- sailles, which compelled Germany to admit that she alone was guilty of arting the war. The socialists, however, are staunch in their assertion that the demonstra- tions are really a roll call for the purpose of ascertaining how many in- dividuals can be rellied upon for the next “putsch.’ The Freiheit, Rothe Fahne and Vorwaerts all publish dif. ferent statements at the same time, the Freiheit heading its warning with “Workingmen in for a worse 8t. Bartholomew night than at the time of the Spartacan uprising in 1919.” wapa, Fileld Marshal Hindenburg' Prussian trip was closely connected with the new revolutionary plans of the reactionaries. At the govern- ment headquarters it is admitted, ac- cording to the National Zeitung, that a good deal of agitation is going on in monarchist circles in connection with the regimental reunions, but that the situation may not be con- sidered as really serious. The army authorities, also, says this newspaper, admit that the majority of the army officers and noncoms are mounarchists, but they declare that the soldiers themselves are loyal to the govern- t ‘The soclalista are calling for ocounter demonstrations and the po- lice fear that clashes w: qccur through efforts to break up the rival | lmllflnn l KIDNAPED IN INFIRMARY. James Blasey Taken in Ireland by Army Men—Another Death. By the Associated Press. BELFAST, June 15.—A party of armed men today kidnaped James Blaney from the Downpatrick In- firmary, where he Was being treated for & wound received in an encounter with the éllllltll;!n ol:}my 23. J B wounds. ' This mak owing ttack. 'rb:o olles from the Newry district In the fear of reprisals, - has o o iR UVERS i THE EVENING STAR. VVASHINGTONE D. ‘C! MONDAY! JUNE 19, 1922. - TO GETTYSBURG FOR MANE ARRIVE IN . Gen. Smedley D. Butler, commandant of the base at Quantico, who is in command of the expedition, photographed in his speedster POLICEMEN TURN INTO *HONEY BEES’ AND START WAR ON PEEVISHNESS promote the feeling of harmony and brotherly love. We pledge ourselves to abserve the rules de- slgned to prevent peevishness. The rul s are as follows: “I won't get peeved. ‘Damned if I'll get peeved. Don't peeve peeve you. “Anybody somebody and me, and I won't can get peeved—be you won't peeve. ‘Peeve if you must, but cancel ur name from this list. y “Peevishness save the price causes headache— of medicines “If 1 get peeved I'll count ten be- fore I speak hundred. “If I get very peeved, I'll count a “Peevish people die young—carry FRENCH IN LANGUAGE RACE no insurance, and be happy. MAKE GAIN 14,000 German Children in Saar Basin Register for Optional Instruction. BY WILLIAM E. NASH. By Cable to The 8 News. r and the Chicago Dally Tight, 1922. Py’ PARIS, June 19.—Fourteen thousand German children were reg! instruction optional ered for in French In the first half of 1922, according to & report just published in Saarbruecken nificance for there will be Germany. by the league of nations commission entrusted with the government of the Sarre (Saar) basin. A world of s international politics lles hidden within that statement. Under the treaty of Versailles at the end of fifteen years a plebiscite taken to determine whether the inhabitants of the Sarre basin wish to belong to France or Until that time they are to live peaceably under the control of the international committee which is presided over by a Frenchman. Already a flerce struggle has been started to influence the vote fifteen years Irence. side the ties of Germany has on her language, blood and ympathy. France has the controlling voice in the government and a stran- gle hold on the coal mines, France's hope is to teach the younger tion the superiorities of Fren ization through enera- civil- the medium of the French language. To have 14,000 children regi thoritie: have red for French in six months shows that the Fre nch su made considerable progress in their propaganda. “The league of nations commlgsion ‘wishes to operation between ntroduce a system of co- the of the Inhabitants of the Sarre re- glon: “It has 1 this year" adds the report ref already planned an advisory commission of jnquiry to aid in its functions. The members of these two bodies are to be elected befors July Ted to. INDICTED FOR MURDER. Clarence Harris Accused in First Degree—Other Indictmenta, . Clarence Harris. dloted today by the grand jury on a charge of murder in the first degree. colored, was in- It is alleged he shot to death Clay- ence Thompson, ing & quarrel at 6th street and Rhode enue northwest, Others indicted, and the char, against them are: riding; Henry Talor, ry. Harreil, attempted fobbery; e ‘Harris, assaul —— o:llll: John Thomas Island robbery: J nun. :’Ifl: housel 2 ohn intent ti Hawkjns, robbery; Joseph also colored, follow- ond Bell, orgery; Ji comm! Hawkins, as- F. We D w‘ ‘rn..n‘l larceny; 'fl‘.o% xslfill Hdren; Jull support of wife. 1 . oy riding; n-support Archi port of Joseph Lohman, non: NATION, it governing body and the elected representatives = osep| ‘William it SOVETBULGARAN NN 1S OPPSED Jugoslavs May Join Ruma- nia and Greece in Halting Plan. BY CONSTANTINE BROWN. By Cable to The Star and Chicago Dally News. Copyright, 1922. CONSTANTINOPLE, June 19.—Re- ports from the capitals of Rumania, Jugoslavia and Greece show that the governments of those countries are discussing measures to be taken should Bulgaria attempt to join so- viet Ruesia. In spite of official denials, the situ- ation in Bulgaria continues critical, especially because Premier Stamboul- isky seems to be uneasy over the growing popularity of the king with the peasants. The conservative ele- ments, aware of the king's increasing popularity, contemplated overthrow- ing Stamboulisky with the aid of Gen. Baron Wrangel's 17,000 armed troops stationed in Bulgaria, confident that, should the peasants have to choose between the king and Stamboulisky, they would side with the former. Progress, however, was slow, the old politicians showing more activity in talking than in acting. The plot was discovered and th Bulgarian government deported a large number of Gen. Wlt:fel'l offi- cers who were accu: of alding the conspiracy and the rest of the troo were disarmed. In the meantime Stamboulisky, ho b an agrarian congress in Sofia, told the king plainly that he had nothing to say in ruling the country, that he must remain a figurehead, and that should he attempt to become more he would meet his father's fate. Moreover, with a view to making the Stamboulisky dictatorship meore complete and to secure control over the cabinet, the congress decided to appoint two commissions, one to con- trol the proceedings of the minis- ters and the other to supervise the cabiinef policy. Meanwhile Stam- boulisky, who last year prosecuted the communists and denounced them as dangerous enemies of the country, has been seeking their friendship since his return from Genoa. This is attributed by observers of Bulg: rian politics to the friendly conver- ions between Stamboulisky and . Rakovsky, chairman of the coun- cil of people’s commissars in Ukral- nia. In spite of these facts it would be premature to think that Bulgaria has decided definitely to throw ita lot with the bolsheviki. Stamboulisky fully realizes that any hasty aoction will prove fatal to Bulgaria on ac- count of its peighbors, who watch the davelopments {n that ocountry eagerly and would be delighted at any opportunity to Intervene in Bul- garia’s affairs. Bulgaria i at present a “reliable reserve of the bolshevist neral stafr,” said an allled military attache who recently returned from Sofia. If Russia does not possess suffialent force to risk & war adventure agalnst Poland and Rumanis, the status of Bulgaria will remain unchanged. Should Russia decide to attack its western mneighbors, doubtless Bul- aria_would Join either in attacking {hc Greeks in Thrace or th manians in the Dobrogea. of & Serblan the fact that the Jui not join in such aggression and would look with friendly on Bulgaria joining the Russian so CRAFT AND 14 MEN LOST. ‘Wreckage of British Drifter Blue Sky Washed Ashore. By the Ameciated Prese. LONDON, 'June 13.—~The admiralty minor |* TAKES UP FAIRFIELD BILL Committee Secures Early Consid- eration on Retirement Changes. The House rules committee today authorized a special rule making the Fairfleld bill order of special business for consideration on Thursday. This measure proposes amendments to' the civil service retirement act in the in- terests of veteran employes and to take care of those to whom a severe hardship w: done recently when hundreds were dropped from the gov- ernment pay roll within a few weeks of retirement status. NEW CLUE FOUND IN'WOMAN'S DEATH Negro' Sought in Assault Case Reported to Have Hinted at Murder. Specisl Dispatch to the Star. ALEXANDRIA, Va, June 19.—Miss Alma Hullings Jones, twenty-six years old, daughter of Mrs. Lilllan F. Jones of 320 North Payne street, this city, whose body was found floating |in the Potomac, February 6, may have been murdered by a colored man who Saturday night attacked the wife of Silas Jackson, colored, who dives near Springfleld, Fairfax county, nine miles south of here. According to reports recelved by the local authorities, the man is alleged to have told his victim that if she reported the assault he would “do with her like he had with Miss Jones.” Miss Jones' body was found floating in_the river last February. The husband of the woman reported to the police that the negro after attacking his wife tied a handker- chief over her mouth and tled her to a tree. Soon the woman succeeded in freeing herself and reported the affair to neighbors. As a result a posse of about twenty citizens scour- od the nearby woods in search of the man without success, although it was reported that he was seen emerg- ing from a nearby barn and was fired on, and subsequently he jumped from a freight car, and it was stated he appeared to limp. The Fairfax people eve that he probably was shot in the leg. ‘The authorities have redoubled their efforts to capture the man because of the fact that he told the woman he did away with Miss Jones. It was at first decided to place bloodhounds on his track from Lorton, but the rain Saturday evening prevented this. it was stated. The man {s described as being of medium build. The police here are of the opinion that the man Is employed on road construction work in viclnity of Springfield. ——— BUSINESS RELATIONS WITH U. S., SOVIET AIM By the Assoclated Prese. MOSCOW, June 19.—Leonid Krassin, addressing a conference of the Rus- sian forelgn trade department, of which he is the head, voiced the belief that resumption of official re- lations between Russia and the United States was not far off. Colncidentally the news| Pravda advocates dealing with America to bulld up the Ruseian oil ustry. “Serious business relatifonships for are ble only with America,” says the Pravda. “We can give her oil, of which she has great need, and receive from her technical equipment for industry and agricul- ture. This must be’done, avoiding the commissioners of the bankrupt European borugeolsie. Declaring that Ru: n wells now produce only 560,000,000 poods (about 10,000,000 tons) annually the news- paper declares that within three or four vears, with the assistance of American oil experts, the output could be increased to three billion poods (about 54,000,000 tons), two. thirds of which would be available for export to America. It adds: “Commissioners like Lloyd rge and Barthou are trving to t our oil supply to resell it to merica, but we want to deal direct.” M. Krassin in his address reiterated The oconfere: to simplify trading through the gov- ernment. Suggestions in Moscow that re sumption at an early date of official relations of any character between the United States and Russia is possibility found no support in Wash- ington. The last word of the Washington administration on that subject was sald_very plainly when Secretary Hughes wrote his note declining an invitation extended by the Genoa conference to participate In the pres- ent economic discussion of Russian conditions at The Hague. Nothing has transpired since that time to change the situation so far as the American gavernment is concerned in any way. H. F. McCORMICK GAINS. CHICAGO, June 19.—Physicians and friends of Harold F. McCormick still were pledged to secrecy concerning the operation upon him last week. All persons who have been at his bedside, refused to comment upon re- ports that the operation was for transplantation of glands. His con- dition was announced as excellent. S e Newly Elected Imperial Potentate of Mystic Shrine = 31,000 “MORONS ATLARGEINN.Y. State Institutions Care for 5,200—Defined by Spe- cialists as Fools. By the Associated Press, NEW YORK, June ~The word “moron,” which criminologists as well as newspaper headline writers frequently use to designate a person of morbidly criminal tendencies, is defined in a bulletin issued by #h= State Charities Ald Association. 'Moron,” they say, comes from the Greek “moros,” meaning “fool.” And the word, as applied by psychiatrists and mental speclalists, means just that—*"fool.” It is not applied to insane persons, to lunatics, imbeciles or idiots, but to the considerable percentage of the population whose limited reasoning power places them on the great bor- der line of mental deficiency. Before the word “moron” came into general use such persons were called “defectives.” They wera those who, if left to shift for themselves usually became “liabilities to so- ciety."” 45,000 Defectives in New York. Figuring from statistics gathered by Army draft boards the state as soclation estimates that there are 45,000 mental defectives—morons in' New York state today. This { would indicate, says the report, that one person in every 250 is mentally deficient and incapable of passing sound judgments as to what is right or wrong. Of this number 5200 are in state institutions; 500 are in colonies at- tached to such institutions, and 7,500 are enrolled in special classes in pub- lic schools. This leaves some 31,000 without any special supervision—at large in all walks of life. Describ- ing the defective, the charities asso- ciation says: “He is often unable to adjust him- self to permanent employment and ix habitually changing his job. He ix tremendously responsive 1o sugges- tion and is thus particularly susc.p tible to the criminal influence @ others. “Nearly all the attempts &t assa.si ration of prominent men in recent years and of criminal assaults with sexual phase have been the work « mental deficients. A moron killew President McKinley and another trie: to kill Roosevelt. A moron tried t kill Mayor Mitchell and shot Corpo tion Counsel Polk. Mayor Gayno. was shot by another defective. Distinct Difference Noted. There is a distinct difference bLe tween mental deficiency and Insanity it is pointed out. They have little i1 common. Insanity is a mental dis- ease which is curable in at least per cent of cases and preventable i 40 per cent. A moron, or mental defective, is u person who definitely lacks brain ca- pacity. The condition usually is in- herited 1ot be cured, for, say the psychiatrists, “science cannot add what nature has omitted.” In other words, an adult moron is just & man or woman with the brain of a child. The schools are considered the best sorting pen for the discovery of the defectives. There he automatically is separated from the children of normal intelligence. Perhaps he progresses to the sixth grade with- out displaying any lack of the power to absorb knowledge. Then he falls behind. He doesn’t seem able to learn any more; his classmates go on, while he remains, vainly trying to absorl his lessons, but without succes: Should he continue in school this {time the chances are he will become lan incorrigible—the sort of over- igrown bully who far outstrips his { playmates in size and strength, but who is a dwarf in the classroom. Or if he leaves school he is apt to join the class of easily led criminals, un- guided by any seuse of right or wrong, wholly irresponsible, who go from misdemeanor to felony { thence to the electric chair or to Mat- teawan. Sorting Process Claimed. At the period of arrested develop- ment psychiatrists claim to be able 16 pick out the defectives by their re action to certain simple questions, in- cluded in the Binet-Simon measuring scale of intelligence. In the vocab- ulary test the examiner may say: “I want to find out how many words you know, Listen, and when 1 say word you tell me what it means. The word “nerve” come early in this test. Although it is understood that to define the physiclal organism is a matter for the adult mind, it has been found that the normal child of eight years will answer with, “You've got & nerve,” or something similar which is scored as a normal reaction. Another test is known as “Detecting Absurdities.” Here the examiner may say: “Yesterday the police found the body of a girl cut into eighteen plfi:cs. They believe she killed h selr. The subnormal, the defectfve or “moron” will probably react with this exclamation: “Think she killed her- self! They know she did! Or it may be. “She was a foolish .girl to kill herself. No girl would do that unless she was crazy.” ‘Where do the defectives come from? Are they just accidents of birth? The answer to this question is best 1! lustrated in the story of the Kall kaks. An Instance Cited. About 1770 Martin Kallakak, & young man of good family, who was serving in George Washington's army, met a feeble-minded girl and became the father of a feeble-minded son Later he married & normal woman The history of the two families that go back to Martin Kallakak have been accurately traced. The feeble-minded woman had 450 descendants, most of whom have been paupers, criminals, immoral women and drunkards. The normal womau had about an equal numbs of de- scendants, all of whom have been worthy members of their communi- ties and some of whom have attained to_positions of public eminenoce. G?ven a chance, however, the moron often becomes a useful member of soclety. Sometimes he displays = rare aptitude for the simpler branches of mechanics, Usually it is something manual although ocases have been known of mental defec- tives who displayed rare talents with pallette and brush. —_— ERROR IN DECREE CAUSE OF SECOND DIVORCE SUIT Woman Separated From Brother- in-Law Instead of Husband, Due to Similarity of Initials. ST. LOUIS, June 1%.—Seven ye ago today Mrs. Eva L. Hillenkoeter, a play and scenario writer of this city, obtained a divorce—not from her husband, due to the likeness of their initials, but from her brother-in-law.” and as a result she Is again seeking her second divorce in order to be able to dispose of some of her propert The decree handed down ven years ago dissolved the matrimonial onds between Mrs. Hillenhoeter and Henry H. Hillenkoeter, her husband brother, who since has dled. The mis- take was not discovered until recent- 1y and the second divorce petition w: the result. he husband, Herman H. Hillenkoeler, who has since been r has filed a cross bill in order his first wife's request for aints nce deni by the ‘he initlals H, H. proved ml the first case, it was de- > ossacks a_hen is al-' 3 -:bor of egge | mumber. L