Evening Star Newspaper, February 10, 1922, Page 3

THE EVENING AR, WASHINGTON, 8! FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 1622.° THEATER ARCHITECT DISAGREES '~ WITH OTHERS ON CRASH CAUSE Failure of Top Chord in Truss Blamed for . Knickerbocker Collapse—Admits He Did Not Make Full Inspections. satisfactory, adding, “among the best in Washington.” On direction, he detailed the sub- contractors as 'follows: Union iron | works, steel; Hammett Fireproofing Company, brick, cement and tile work; H. M. Lanford, excavating, and McNulty Brothers, plastering. He then went into an expianation for the disaster. | of the change in the design of the J 1 framing, in substance, the Mr. Geare's testimony was in dlmt‘::‘:’le RO Lt e L e P opposition to that of the board Of| who asserted it was because the steel Army and Navy experts, and also to|beams of the original design could that of J. H. Ford, the steel designer | NO] be obtained. ana contractor for the roof supports. He admitted to the jury, during questioning by Maj. Gordon, United States’ district attorney, that he did not make full inspections to deter- mine whether the building was in all respects secure, saying that it was the duty of the supervising architect merely to make a daily visit to the building. Cannot Find Specifieations. Asked what had become of the specifications for the building, he said he could not find them, but admitted that such specifications were written. He did admit, however, that the steel plans did not show any dimensions. Failure of the top.chord In truss T12 was blamed for the collapse of the roof of the Knickerbocker Thea- ter by Reginald W. Geare, supervis- ing architect of the building, when he | took the stand yesterday afternoon at the coroner’s inquest to fix the blame he plans of the new design had a note of M. S. Rich on them, in pencil, which read: “‘Double I's under all trusses and beams,’ which gneans that the I beams under all trusses were to be doubled. “Were the substjtuted plans as substantial as the original plans? asked Mr. Gordon. “I can't testify as to that, I am not an engineer. 1 relied on Mr. Rich,” witness answered. Careful in Drawing Plans. He (Geare) took great care to make it substantial, Mr. Geare said, be- cause it was his first theater, and he wanted it to stand. “I was very proud of it. Great care was taken in providing sufficient de- although he attempted to show the| tails.” Jury that all his plans contained full| He said he constructed the York dimensions. He could not that [ and Metropolitan -theaters here and one in Cumberland, subsequent, how- ever, to the Knickerbocker, answering the District attorney. The material was what he specified, of the best, and the walls stand today in wonderful shape, “a momument to fine masonry,” he asserted. On the point made by the service engineers of failure to tie the Colum- bia road and stage walls, he said it was not necessary as it was an “in- side wall.” o your plans provide for tying the redesigned steel work contained &ny more steel that that provided in the original plans. Mr. Geare was questioned at some length regarding the failure to tie the Columbia road and stage walls to-' gether, failure to do which was at- tacked by the board of Army and Navy englneers. Gears did not re- member that he gave instructions to either do this or not to do so. William G. Carpenter sald he did Jot see anything wrong with the fron- work in any way, shape or form. Car- Et‘nler was an fronworker on the uilding. Architect on Stand. Reginald W. Geare, the architect of the Knickerbocker, next was called. He said he had been an architect for Rbout twelve years, prepared at George Washington University, and took the beaux arts course. He did not receive a degree. The plans and details of specifica- tlons for the theater were prepared by him, he testified, answering ques- tions by Maj. Gordon. He was then directed to detail all that he did in the preparation of the plans, after first telling the jury that he was in charge of the construction. After the first set of plans the build- ing did not proceed for about a year, witness sald. They were prepared originally for Mr. Smallwood and Mr. Cassidy. After a year's time Mr. andall and others took over the ground. Smallwood and Cassidy, he sald, sold the permit to Crandall and him. Another set of plans giving more details was later prepared, he declared. Mr. Geare took up each set of plans and explained them to the jury, under questioning by MaJ. Gordon. The name of Costigan appeared on the plans as the District official who /approved them. The plans were made, he said, by M. S. Rich. Declares Dime: “I have heard it s dimensions on my ‘went on. P o. Then it wasn’t your intention to tie them?” queried Gordon. “I wouldn't say that I didn’t intend to tie them, I didn’t direct that they should not be tied. nor do 1 remember 1 told them to do it.” u don't contend it was tled, do sed Maj. Gordon. t was your business to see that it was tied?" Duty of Architect. “Not necessarily. It is the archi- tect's duty to go there once a day and see that the work is carried out gen- erally; to see that the job is progress- ing properly in accordance with the plans.” “Who superintended the construc- tion of the steel work?” “My engineer, 1 suppose: T llect,” witness answered. ou_left the details to the engi- neer?* pressed Maj. Gordon. “You don't know whether beams and trusses had requisite bearings or I don't not? “No, T didn’t go into that,” witness responded. “Did you see that brick and terra cotta, work was properly construct- ed es.” “Did you see whether proper amount of cement was going into the tile?” “Yes, I frequently went on the scaffolding to examine the work.” “Do you know personally why the building fell down?" Maj. Gordon continued. “I have a theory,” witness answered. ions Shown. id_there were no plans,” witness “I want to show you that paliow e “Of your own knowledge dr_ on they were fully dimensioned.” he ’ they ¥ : " eacr | talking with your engineer?’ Maj said, pointing to dimensions on each | SHS0F | UL JONT, © He asserted that a copy of these| “I haven't talked with him,” Geare answered. ‘Tell us, if you can, why it fell,” Maj. Gordon directed. Gives Opinion of Disaster. Pointing to the various trusses, he id T-12 appears to be the one that d_first; vibration, and the fact that that truss chord at the top was same plans was filed with the appli- cation for a permit “Did the steel plans show dimen- sions?” asked Gordon. “No, sir. The steel plans are trac- fngs of these. These have the di- mensions and show just where the steel is to be set. “I'd like to show you how care- fully the Columbia road wall was provided for,” he continued, showing the jury the details on the plans. “The blueprints are an exact copy of the originals?’ asked Mr. Hart, assistant corporation counsel. es.” Did you look to see whether it was faulty ‘when it was put in?” asked Gordon. Rdfponse in the negative brought a hot retort from Gordon. “Will you please tell me, then, what the duties of the supervising archi- tect are. He isn't employed to see that a window is in a certain place. He is supposed to see defective ma. terial, isn't he?” “If he sees it, it is his duty to or- der it out,” witness sparred, and con- tinued: “There was a break in the top chord of truss T-12. It was one of the first things I saw upon arriving at the theater about a half an hour after the accident.” He noticed it by an abrasion. Taking a piece of steel, which, he said, came from the Interstate Com- merce Commission, he showed how an abrasion could be in the steel with- out being obseryed. He said the original drawings are submitted to the building department ‘with the blueprints. After the permit was issued, con- tracts were let, he said, and then he asked *for bids from about six con- tractors, and could remember only the names of the Weller Construc- tion Company and Frank L. Wagner. Questioned further by Gordon, he remembered the Melton Construction Company, the Boyle Robertson Com- pany and William E. Mooney. Frank L. Wagner Contractor. The contract was let to Frank L. Wagner to construct the building, he testified. Witness said the con- tractor kept him informed of the Says Chord Caused Collapse. names of subcontractors, who were| The top chord of T-12 started the SPECIAL NOTICES. : SPECIAL NOTICES. WILL THE G To WHOM THE E! LEM. Jate A. G. Eldridge took Tor_repatra call 1112 10th NSOLIDATED CAR goods for California about Reduced rates and quick _service. Btorage Company, 1140 15th st. Asbestos Roofing Cement Cements leaks. preserves and keeps any kind of roof. 1 will apply same and guarantee your roof for 5 years and will repair all leaks arisi: from natural Also_sol kets, gal.. delivered. o bulk. 5-g . Lipcoln 4219. Madison Clark, 1314 Pa. a Roofs OId Roofs 014 slag and other roofs repajred. wervice; best material guaranteed. timate ‘on new and old roof work. J. F. TOMPKINS, 528 21t st. n.w. OF Chinese Night Postponed. 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Greeting cards. framed collapse, was his theory, he .testi fled. That started the events, just a small leak in a dam starts a break, he went on. Geare maintained that t he beams were not the firat to fall off the wall as contended in previous expert testi- mony. Maj. Gordon followed with & long series of interrogations around the point contended by Mr. Geare'that the failing of. one of the two pleces of steel caused the entire collapse. Mr. Geare could not be sheken in his contention, but it was apparent that the district attorney was not con- vinced. Asked by Maj. Gordon to tell why that break caused the rest to fall, he replied: “Of course, I can’t explain that.” “Did you examine thie walls back of beams B 21 and 21?" Maj. Gordon asked. . 5 “Yes, I examined thém and found the {beams had gone through the wall," | witness testified. “It indicated that jtruss T 12 caused the failure. This ‘m clearly shown by some of the debris being thrown outward on the cornice.” He didn’t know whether there was a lésser amount of steel in the re- vised - roof plans than in original plans. Asked by Assistant Corporation Counsel Hart where his specifications for the material to be used were, he sald he couldn’t find them. “I can’t find them,” he said. “They uuzl’:l' to be in the building depart- ment.” He said that he got his information regarding materials from an en- gineer's handbook. —_—_— SUBSTITUTED ROOF PLAN AT THE KNICKERBOCKER NOT PASSED BY ENGINEER (Continued from First Page.) | | supervision to ascertain whether the plans were being carried out, with authagity to reject on the spot any faulty work or defective material. Referring: to the “cinder fill” on the roof, he said it was of the light- est fireproof material that could be used. He suggested that the jury now could ga to the ruins and sée ::gflra the beams went through the “Did you ever discuss these plans with the Engineer Commissioner?” asked Ma) Gordon. “I do not remember that I aia, witness responded. “The building regulations provide for the quality of the material,” Wwitness continued. “This covers the steel, as the steel contractors are :?onr: ar with the bullding regula- Beam forty-one ran between the twenty columns at the roof line, he sald. He said he was up there at the time of placement, and Mr. Wal- ilace and Mr. Wagner agreed that there should be another beam under beam forty-one about six feet above the ceiling. He said he saw that that beam was in. 3 The specifications showed that al steel work was to be “field rive Mr. Geare said. e Questioned on thi Gordon, he said he didn’t recall why they were bolted instead, but told the jury that the building code al- lowed bolting. Mr. Geare said he made an inspec- tion of the wall last summer, dur- ing the redecoration period. He said if the wall had moved out at that time he would have noticed it by a parting of the cornice work. He said there was no such evidence. “Did you walk over the roof ladt !I{ mer?” asked the coroner. have been inside of the roof. noticed there was street cars. did not make them vibrate.” point, by Maj. 1 vibration from that building?" asked Assistant Cor- poration Counsel Hart. “Which is the stronger, rivetting or bolting?” “I have talked with an expert; he said bolts are as strong as rivets, provided the bolts don’t come loose, witness answered. Mr. Geare admitted that changes were often made in specifications, but said the building department is noti- fled only of inportant changes. “Why "didn’t you notify the build- ing department?” Mr. Hart asked. ‘Because the code allowed it. on’t you know that rivets are 20 per cent stronger than bolts?’ Maj. Gordon Interjected. “Provided the rivets are not loose,” he said. Crandall Takes Stand. He was then excused, and Harry M. Crandall. president of the Knicker- bocker Theater Compan the building, took the stan At the time the structure was built, {Mr. Crandall said, he was to get 51 i per cent of the common stock. dated September (blank), 1916, pur- porting to be a contract for the build- ing. Mr. Crandall identified it. “Did you take any part in the erec- tion of this building?’ Maj. Gordon asked. 5 sir.” “No, “On whom did you rely?” Maj. Gor- don continued. “That would be left to the architect, and if he missed anything, I consid- ered that it would be caught up by the building inspectors, as they rule supreme in theater bullding. How- ever, I do not mean to cast any re- flection there.” Reading_parts of the contract of No man can help be- ing impressed by what Hupmobile owners say about their car. STERRETT & FLEMING Incorporated Champlain St. at Kalorama Road (Below 18th st.) Phone North 5050 il i i I | A Classified Ad in The | Star will bring you a host of responses from which to make selection. “Around the corner is a Star Branch Office” " Full Tist of Branch Offices “and Classified Rates on page 33 €0; as!vision, Maj. Gordon asked the wit- Walking on the trusses “Who supervised the construction of owners of Maj. Gordon handed him a paper struction and’ architect’s super- ness if, when building_was com pleted, Mr. Geare notified him of the of Witness answered in the airmative. Maj. Gordon then read the letter of Mr. Geare, giving the notification, and which sald that the building was fin- ished in accordance with plans an specifications. “Mr. Crandall, iapse of that theater?’ asked Gordon. “It {8 the one thing In the world T'd like to know,” witness responded. “You dom’t know?” “No. T certainly hope that this in- vestigation will bring it out.” Witness Is Excused. 'ill( caused the col- Maj. “Then you paid your money for the theater and that's all you know?" e “You're excused.” Melvin 8. Rich, 1448 Harvard street, structural engineer, who made the general structural plang for “the two first projects of the Columbia road site,” was next called. He was employed to design the steel framing and floor construction, he sald. Mr. Geore, he said, furnished the information regarding the wall construction, eta. “Did you believe he was competent to appreciat your work?' asked Coroner Nevitt. “Yes.” “I take it you are a graduate engl- neer?” the coroner queried. “Yes, sir, coroner.” He said he dld not make any in- Bpections of the steel, as he went into the Army. “How much personal supervision of the steel, did you give?" Nevitt asked. ‘None at al The witness satd he turned the su- pervision of isteel work over to engi- neers, but he did not have any recol- lection of turning this particular job over to an engineer. . Do you know who took your pll"cls? Coroner Nevitt asked. o T Coroner Maj. Gordon then took the witnesa. Blueprint Identified. He identified a blue print as the second set of steel plans that he drew for the theater. He was instructed by Maj. Gordon to tell of the main trusses substituted by Mr. Ford. “I have no knowledge of that,” he sald. He then, from the plans, detailed the girders which he designed for the building originally. The main beam was designed to be approximately fif- ty-six inches, he said. He added he was informed that his plan was superseded by the Unlon Iron Works. He had no recollection of seeing the revised roof framing plans, although he said that it had|,. been called to his attention yesterday that the revised plan had a note in his handwriting. He identified the note when shown to him, which was to the effect that it was to have “dou- ble Is” under all trusses. “Your note indicated that I beams should be doubled and that the re- vised plans didn’t provide for them?” asked Maj. Gordon. “Ye; ; that's right,” witness answ “Did 'y plans?” Did Not Approve Plans. “No, sir; I did not O. K. those roof plans submitted by the Union Iron Works of this city.” “Have you compared the two plans to determine which was the better?” Maj. Gordon continued. “ ot Have you made sufficient investi- gation to tell us why the roof col- u agree to the substituted n The exclusive grade of #S. & B. Process,” 605-607 7th St. | I | At cost or even less. little. $30--$35 All-wool Materials Men’s and Young Men’s Models—Sizes 33 to 42 gret the trip. l l | | | just the pair you n to terials. ~ All sizes. l aven't seen the Ford plans until bx{xll&l‘;\s Overcoats | Overcoats Broken lines of our regular $30 and $35 Suits. Too many to give a detailed description here. Come see them yourself. You'll not re- All colors and lapsed?” Maj. Gordon asked. the notati the witne: re “T supposed t required. tion sufficlently spre to_crush the wall.” “Do you know whether your led: Blt it would have “I saw no were not separators, “Do you know whether they were not. I was not in a tion to see them. ‘Are bolts more lasting or than rivets? It is hard to say.” A turn driven bolt gets the to Maj. Gordon. Contractor om Stand. Frank L. Wagner, the Knickerbocker Theater, next the stand. tendent, and in 1902 started a nership. He opened here in an _individual builder. said. Subsequently, he built the ropolitan Theater here. record. He did not remember how many. structural steel firms were asked to bid. asked Maj. Gordon. Yo ed Maj. Gordon, “Well,” hesitating, “Barber & and C. A. Schneider's Sons. I recollect any more.” Witness could not remember the amount of each of the proposals. At the direction of Maj. Gordon, the witness told of the reason for chang- ing the steel plans, substantially as testified by previous witnesses. “Did you have a superintendent on the work all the time?” continued. “General ‘work."” ‘;'\Vl“ your records show wh supervision of all presume 0. ‘Then look into your files for infor- matijon regarding this structural and bring them here Monday. “T wilL"” He said he hadn't determined the cause of the collapse and had no idea He said he was having why it fell. an_investigation made. He was then excused. Erected Steel in Roof. John L. McDonald, 334 Indiana ave- nue, a contractor for structural erecting, next took the stand. He tes- tifled he contracted to erect the roof on the theater. The contract, he sald, came.through Mr. Wagner’s office. collapsed. onally?” asked Maj. pe; Gordor “I was there every day n. at KEEP STRONG One bottle of pure, emulsified Norwegian cod liver oil taken now, may do you more good than a dozen taken a month hence. 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In other cases rivets. rating as a rivet, he said, in answer 1748 K street northwest, builder and contractor for He started as an apprentice carpen- ter, he said, in 1888; later he was em- ployed as an estimator and superin- Since 1907 he has been operating as The Knickerbocker was the first theater project he had ever built, he He then went over previous evidence regarding the original contract and letting of subcontracts, already in the “You asked for more than one?’ es. 'Well, then, who were they?” press- “What were his duties?” Maj. Gordon were submitted by any one else?” He could not, he said, say why the you superintend the erection {s the famons American it youf duty to see that trusses beam; Ve proper bearing?” “That 1 engineering problem.” “If they had only an inch bearing. would you put them up?” . “They wouldn't stay up.” “Did they all have sufficient bear- ing.” “They all had sufficient bearing.” He was there iImmedlately after the accident, but subsequently he was not admitted to the building, he said. ‘Witness testified a nine-inch beam took a mine-inch bearing, a twelve- ! inch, a twelve-inch bearing, etc. They th a “Bolts were delivered to the job,” witness answered. In low buildings, he said, bolts are as good as rivets. “Were double I-beams put under all ru 7" asked Mr. Hart. ‘Where it was called for.” "Dlg you put them under all of em 7 h “I cannot recall, sir.” ‘Witness here was excused. 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