Evening Star Newspaper, January 7, 1922, Page 3

, BAN ON: POISON GASES PROPOSED TO NATIONS Following the sixteenth meeting of the committee on limitation of arma- ment yesterday morning tbo following statement was issued: The sixteenth meeting of the com- mittee on limitation of armament was held this morning, January 6, 1922, at 11 o'clock, in the Pan-American building. After discussion the fol- lowing resolution, presented by Mr. Root, regarding submarines, - was unanimously adopted: “The signatory powers, desiring to | in; nsure the enforcement of the humane rules of existing law declared by them with respect to attacks upon and the seizure and destruction of merchant ships, further declare that any person in the service of any power who shall violate any of those rules, whether or not such person is under orders of =& governmental superfor, shall be deemed to have violated the laws of war and shall be liable to trial and punishment as if for an act of piracy and may be brought to trial before the civil or military authorities of any power within the jurisdiction of which he may be found. Briugs Up Chemical Warfare. The chairman (Mr. Hughes) said that he now desired to bring to the attention of the committee the question of the use of gases, or what Lad been called chemical ~warfare. The committee would recall that a subcommittee, composed of members representing the flve powers, had been appointed to consider this 'ques- tion. He was advised that this com- mittee agreed—their memorandum states “more or less unanimously’®— on certain points. He would read their memorandum, stating the points thus agreed upo unanimously on the following points: “(a) Chemical warfare gases have such power against vnprepared armles that no nation dare :isk entering into an agreement which an unscrupulous enemy might break if he found his opponents unprepared to use gases both offensively and defensively. “(b) Since many high explosives produce warfare gases or gases which are the same in their effects on men, lany attempt to forbid the use of war- fare gases would cause misunderstand- gs at once in wadr—that is, one or both sides would in the first battle g men dead or injured from gas. The doubt would at once arise whether gas is actually being used as such, or weather the casualties were due to high explosive gases. This could be made the excuse to launch a heavy at- tack with warfare gases in every form. “(c) Research which may discover additional warfare gases cannot be pro- hibited, restricted or supervised. “(d)’' Due to the increasing large peace-time use of several warfare gases, it Is impossible to restrict the manufacture of any particular gas or zases. Some of the delegates thought that proper laws might limit the quan- tities of certain gases to be manu- factured. The majority opinfon was against the practicability of even such prohibition. Possible to Confine Action. “(e) It is possible to confine the action of chemical warfare gases the same as high explosives and other means of carrying on war. The lan- guage used in this connection was that ‘it_is possible, but with greater difi- culty. On this question, as in the case of (f) and (g) following, it was evi- dent that among the representatives of the three nations thoroughly ac- quainted with chemical warfare gases, “The committec agreed more or less ' namely, the United States, Great SPECIAL NOTICES. SPECIAL NOTICES. THE THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE STOCK- ers of the Norfolk and Washington, Steamboat Company ‘for the election of di- Tectors for the ensuing year and any business t way legally come before it. will be held the general office of the company, street wharves, Washington, be o l||'mm 9. 1922, ‘inclusive. s LEVI WOODBURY, President. r THE MARVEL VACUUM CLEAN electric; no cords; easy to_opera # muction. Phone Franklin 2362 a will cail in auto and demonstrate. 401 G n. s 7THE AMERICAN SECURITY AND TRUST Company of the District of Columbia, trustee under a deed of trust, dated February 15, 1906, made by the Metropolitan Club of the nd_salesman Showreom, c hington, District of Columbia, pur- city of Washington, nbla, pur- the sink- suant to the provisions thereof, said_instrument in counection wit numbered 8. dollars ($1,000) each, and 346 and 355 for five lundred dollars ($500) each, secured by said Geed of trust. The bowds enumerated herein are called for the purpose of the sinking fund, and the interest op sald bonds will cease on the 13th day of February, A.D. 1922 AMERICAN. SECCRITY 'AND TRUST COM- PANY. By CORCORAN THOY, Vice Pres R. WEST, Asst Secretary. holders of the Atlantic Building Company will be held at the office of the lfompnlny’. 119 Sonth Fairfax st., at 11 o'clock a.m. January 19th, 1922, for the purpose of electing Officers and " Directors” for {he" enauing soar. . M. PARKER, P it. 1LOUIS BEYER, Jr. Kl A SESSION OF ALMAS TEMPLE, Ni OBLES OF Myatic Shrine, ‘i hereby ordered to be SATURDAY EVENING, Janu 02 ne's o'clock, at 711 13th remonial ‘work. entate. LEONARD Pot Wi E corder. will be held at the office of the company, 415 Ese st. n.w.‘on WEDNESDAY, January 11, 1022, at 7 p.m. Transfer books will be closed e AN £ O¥STEN, Ketg. President. R. WATERS, Secretary. - b oo STOCKHOLDERS. ~ ing of the stockholders o the Washington Loan and Trust Company, for the election of directors and for the purpose of transacting such other business as may | lawtully come before the stocklioiders in gen. eral meeting, will be held in office of {the said company, 9t] i Wasnington, D. day, January It TICE The annual meeti o be- tween the hours of 12 o'clock noon and 2 o'clock p.m. on that date, HARRY G. MEEM, Treasurer. BY MUTUAL AGREEMENT MR.J. C. ing has purchased the outatand'ng stock, inte est and good will of Tuberville & Harding. Inc., and assuming all its obligations and deb Mr. Harding will continue to conduct the Dbusiness formerly owned by the corporation at the same address as of January 1. 1922, under the name of J. C. Harding & Company. Mr. Tubersille will be engaged in the gen- 1 electrical business at 1719 Comn. & under the name of W. H. Tuberville. W. f. TUBERVILLE, 3.°C._ HARDING. 8e WANTED—A VANLOAD OF FURNITURE TO New York city, Jan. 10th; Richmond, -Va., Jan. 20th and 3lst. THE BIG 4 TRANSFER COMPANY, I 1125 1ith Main 1 WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR DEBTS contracted by any one other than myself. WM. B. TIPPETT, 66% O st. n.e. kil YOU REMEMBER ME! John Hodges, the Bookbinder, 1011 E Street N.W. Ground Floor: Bookbinding has not advanced in price and now is the time to have it dome. Bring in Your old books and have them bound. ALL LUMP 10.25 per ton. COAL st Pleaeant. Coat Co. Pho 3126 14th. " Phone Col. &48. 11° A New Roof With a Brush When you use Liquid Asbestos Roofing Cement. will same and guarantee roof five Feor ey T Toaks. "Alss soid in . T pt _service. Jou {l‘:‘l’nsn(t‘}:;; BT o S 1 X Have Perfect Floors New floors lald. surfaced and finished; old floors resurfaced by machine, saving yoy time and money. Quality Floor Co., 1517 H w. Tel. Main 884. * Tin Robfs—Slag Roofs RBPAIRED AND PAINTED. Call Main 760, Grafton, Wash. Loan & ting and Roofing Bxpe: ICop Tr. bidg. M. 760. Yea) ‘means e out_of life _“Heating and Roofing Bxpe: IMPROVED |for you—greater comfort. | proved less ~pessimism, pes: br im) ith. For 'R1I LASSES consult. EYESIGHT |rsithee For] OLAFLIN OPTICAL CO., 1314 G ST. . te Epiphany Church, O o aety Chx, S0 wnd ¥ for 33 Tears. Making Big Inroads 3 —into that last shipment of Bllnds BEAVER BOARD. Better or- in Stock | der quick to get the benenit of Sizes | present advantageous prices. Geo. M. Barker Co., Inc. €49-651 N. Y. ave.; 1517 Tth. Tel. M. 1348, Care of the Eyes Is Vital to Happiness “One Pair of Eyes for a Lifetime."” T 1s easy fo picture the resuit of Beglect e eyes call for N y‘:‘u safter from headaches, nausea, Atszivess, etc., it may be from your eyes. Have us examine them. Kinsman Optical Co. _ 705 4th Street NW._ We Wil Furnish Stock, b, Letterheads, 500 ol Tor $050, Office 24th and Pa. ave. A.w. Phone Main an. Combat Competition With Good Printing Service Is HIGH GRADB BUT NOT HIGH PRICED. E SERVICE SHOP BYRON S. ADAMS, Fauymes BYRON 5. ADAT> uzumee Roof Damaged? Call hgn'fln at once—will stop the leaks. stimates gratis. R. K. FERGUSON, Inc. 1114 95 St "”1:»5“-’." 281.282. “Better Printing Service Means Better Business Consult The National Capital Press 1210-1212 D ot nw. | WASHINGTON, D. C., DECEMBER 5, 1921.— The annual meeting of the stockholders of fhe Real Estate Title Insurance Company of the District of Columbia, for the purpose of elect- ing Ofteen trustees of the company for the en- suing year, is to be held at the office of the Company, No. 300 5th st. n.w., on Tuesday, January 10, 1922 Polls will be opened at 2 o'elock and closed at 3 o'clock p.m. Books for the transfer of stock will be closed from De- m cember 31, 1921, to January 10. 1922. both dates inclusive. G| retary. ! EORGE G. MCELWEE, Sec- | THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SHARE- holders “of the American National Bank of Washington, Washington, D. C.. will be held t banking house, 1313-1317 F st. n.w., on y, January 10, 1922, from 12 noon until for the election of directors for the ensuing year and the transaction of such other business as may come before said meeting. J. WALLER, Cashler. THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SHARE- holders “of the Departmental Bank will be held at its banking house in Washingto: D. C. on Tuesday, January 10, 1922, at 1I: o’clock noon, for the election of directors for the ensuing year and for such other business may properly come before said meeting. LOUIS OTTENBERG, President. L. A. ROSAFY. Secretary. YOUNG MAN, YOUNG LALY. YOUR AT- tention! 'For 4 met cost of $57.50 per annum, il give you a policy paying $100 per month for 120 months for loss of time from accident or filness, and $10,000 matural or accidental death, at age thirty. Is it not wonderful? See us about it. GEO. C. DONOHOE, Jordan bullding, 1301 G 8 AGAINST 523 11th st. ! RG, A AT MAX BE] located at 1 n.w.. should be pre- sented to P. F. CARLEY, 617 E n.w., within five da: GOLUMBIA TONAL ASHI ton, D. C.. December 10, 1921." The annual meeting of the shareholders. for the election of a board of directors, wiil be held at the banking house on Tuesday, January 10, 1922, rom noon till ome o’clock: in the afternoon. CLARENCE CORSON, Cashier. THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THB STOCK- holders of the Home Building Association for the election of officers and directors and such other business as may properly come before it will be held at the office of the treasurer, 2006 Penna. ave. mw., 5, January 10, at 8 o'clock p.m, JAMES M. WOODWARD, Secretary. LL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY debts “unless contracted for by myself. S. GENSBERG, 1780 U st. n.w. 7* THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE STOCK- holders of the Columbia Granite and Dredging Corporation will be held a ice in Alex- andria, Va., on Thursday, January 19. 1922, at 12 c'clock noon, for the purpose of electing directors for the ensuing year and the trans- action of such business as.may legally co before said meeting. J.H. BRADLEY, President. G. A. BONNET, Secretary. YOU WORK FOR YOUR MONEY, MAKE IT WORK FOR YOU. THE HOME BUILDING ASSOCIATION (Organ in 1883) _Will put your funds to work and they will earn at least 5%¢. A new series opens in Jan- vary. Payments from $1 a month up. Ask t it Wm. T. Gallihes 2 = 3 J. M. Woodward, Sec. R. E. Claughton, Trea urer. 2006 Penna. ave. n.w. TYPING__ WANTED—PLAIN _OR _ROUGH drate. Envelopes addressed. J. H. DICKIE, 1920.8 at. n.w. Phone North 9604. 7 (NOTIOB_IS HEREBY GIVEN OF THE IN- tention to make appligation to the Commis- sioners of the District of Columbla on January 26, 1922, for a charter of a corporation, the proposed’ name of which is Merchants Bank and Trust Company. Its characte is to carry on a safe deposit, trust, loan and mortgage business. The proposed corporators are Peter A Drury, Peter M. Dorsch. Michael J. Keane, Frank P.' Harman. fr.: Roland Rob- bins, Joneph H. Keane. Willism Henry White, John Zanier, Vincent L. Toomey, John Walsl 3 Jroeat Mitchell, Hary R C and object __ad-dtwkfor3wks BPECIALLY CONDUCTED FOURTEEN-DAY automobile trip to Florida and return. See Delta Tours, 500 Bond bldg. DECEMBER 381, 1921, AS PROVIDED BY THE BY-LAWS, THE annual meeting of the shareholders of the Con- tinental Trust Company will be held at the offices of the company, 14th and H sts. n. Washlogton, D. C., on Tuesday, Janusry 10, 1922, at 1 o'clock p.m., for the trimsaction of such’ business as may come before the meeting. Polls will be open from 1:30 to 2:30 p.m. By order of the board. M. J. WINFREE, Secretary. GRAND AND UPRIGHT PIANOS FOR: RE! nos taken in as part payment on Victrolas. UGO WORCH, 1110 G n.w. Kranich & Bach and Emerson pianos. NOTICE 18 HEREBY GIVEN THAT THE AN- nual meeting of the stockholders of the Capital Traction Company for the election of a board of directors for the enswng year and the trans- action of such other business as may be at the exe brought before the meeting will be held Washingtons B Bovn THURSDAY. Jamine ashington, .. G., on S 12, 1923, at 10:43 o'clock a.m. =i “The_polls will be n e ol | be open from 11 o'clock a.m. H. D. ORAMPTON, Secretary. ~*THB ORIGINAL Tt doesa't tal Tel. Frank. 317T. W. BIGGS, President. Ves, Mr. Moforist, We Have Windshield Glass. tter what the need. you'll find ore the §tass best adapted fo the re- Quirement. PRICES RIGHT, to be sure, o Restls : Bukctnl;wdnt .Za’"&‘fiu Co.,[ B 100 Tl FR o . New Ye work | AGH 00. . Co., | ROOFS REPAIRED ACCOUNTING AND_AUDITING BY EXPE. nced_bookkeeper and accountant. Box 300-K, Star office. A WANTED—TO CARRY A VANLOAD OF FOR- niture. Washington to_Philadelphia_ and STOR- SMITH'S TRANSFER Al —High winds lobsen many a roof and ertraln fo bound 0 cauee Jenns aag i Is your roof safe? Better let our experts | ed. look it over. Roofing 1416 ¥ at, n.w, Maia IRONCLAD compat. Poone ‘W. STOKES !A’H§oll. 830 13th St. W, etter Made Window Shades at Factory Prices. Asks Law’s Ruling To Hold Child For = Bill’s C ROME, Ga., January 7. of the most unusual I ever filed in the courts of | mection has appeared im Chat- tooga rding . house keeper anked awihority for holding a baby as collateral for a bill due by the father. The complainant charges tha the father promined the. land- Indy that she could keep the chila itl his bill was paid, and that now he is attempting 1o recover it, hence she seeks injunction against him. The Pparents of the child are di- vo - Britain and France, there was less doubt as to the ability to confine these es than among the Japanese and !I.l‘ll.lnl. who know less about them. “(f) The kinds of gases and their effects on human bein cannot be taken as a basis for limitation. In other words, the committee feit that the only limitation practicable is to wholly prohibit the uses of gases against cities and other large bodles of non-combatants in the same man- ner as high explosives may be lmit- ed, but that there could be no limi- tation on their use against the armed forces of the enemy, ashore or afloat, “{g) The committee was divided on the question as to whether or not warfare gases form a method of war- fare similar to other methods such as shrapnel, machine guns, rifle, bayonet, high explosives, airplane bombs, hand grenades and similar older methods. In this, as ‘in_(e) and (f), the United States, Great Britain and French members (five in number), who know gas, were em- phatic that chemical warfare gases form a method of ing war similar to the older forms.” Submits Advisory Report. ‘The chairman then said that he desired to read, on behalf of the American delegation, the report adopted by the advisory committee of the American delegation, to the constitution of which he had already referred. This report had been adopted by the advisory committee upon the recommendation of its sub- committee which had dealt with new agencies of warfare. The report was as follows: The committee (of.the advisory com- mittee) on new agencies of warfare having had a number of meetings, one conjointly with the committee (of the advisory committee) on land ar- mament, has the honor to report that it has given careful consideration to the subject referred to it. Chemical warfare, which is the scientific term to cover use of gases in all of their forms. reached very important and significant phases during the world war. The surprise of the first gas attack on the British forces at Ypres shocked the civilized world, but its military effectiveness caused the al- lied governments at once to take measures not only of protection against gas attacks, but also of of- Tues- | fensive action. In consequence, at the close of the war, the use of poison gases, not only temporarily injurious but of a toxic character, became uni- versal. The committee has found on con- sultation with experts and reference to scientific study of the subject that there are arguments in favor of the use of gas which ought to be consid- ered. Consequences Stagger Imagination. The proportion ¢t deaths from their use when not of a toxic character is much less than from the use of other weapons of warfare. On the other hand, the committee feels that there can be no actual restraint of the use by combatants of this new agency of warfare, if it is permitted in any guise. The frightful consequences of the use of toxic gases if dropped from air- planes on cities stagger the imagina- tion. No military necessity Gan ex- cuse or extenuate such events as were of frequent occurrence during the re- cent war, when bombs were dropped on undofended and thickly populated i cities, towns and villages for no other purpose apparently than to demoral- ize the population. If lethal gases were used in such bombs it might well be that such permanent ud serious damage would be done, not only of a materlal character, but in ithe depopulation of large sections of the country, as to threaten, if not de- stroy, all that has been gained during the painful centuries of the past. The committee is of opinion that the conscience of the American people has been profoundly shocked by the savage use of scientific discoveries for destruction rather than for con- struction. Chance to Compare Views. The meeting of the conference on the limitation of armament in the city of Washingten affords a pecu- liarly advantageous opportunity for | comparison of views on all questions | bearing on the subject. Whatever may be the arguments of technical experts, the committee feels that the American representatives would not be doing their duty in expressing the conscience of the American people were they to fail in insisting upon the total abolition of chemical war- fare, whether in the army or the whether against combatant or av. non combatant. Should the United States assume this position, it ‘would evidence_of weakness, but of ?:n:r?mlmlty. Probably no nation is better equipped by reason of scien- tific knowledge among its technicians and by means of its material re- Sources to usé chemical warfare ef- fectively. This committee, therefore, submits the following resolution for adoption by the advisory board and to be communicated to the American delegates to the conference on the limitation of armament: Resolved, That chemical warfare. in- cluding the use of gases, Whether toxic or_ non-toxic, should be pro- hibited by. international agreement and should be classed with such un- fair methods of warfare, as poison- ing wells, introducing germs of dis- ease and other methods that are ab- horrent in modern warfare. The chairman observed that the toregoing resolution, as he had said, was submitted to the advisory com- mittee of the American delegation by its subcommittee, and, he was advis- ed, was unanimously adopted by the advisory committee. The committee would observe that in this report reference was e to the fact that the subcommittee report. ing had held a meeting jointly with a committee of the advisory commit- tee which dealt with the subject of land armament. He had been fur- nished by the advisory committee with a copy of the report of its sub- committée on land armament, this re- port having been unanimously adopt- ed by the advisory committee. It con- tained the following recommendation with regard to chemical warfare: “Chemical warfare should be abol- ished ameng nations, as abhorrent to civilization. It-is a cruel, unfair and improper use of science. It is fraught with the gravest danger to non-com- batants and demoralizes the better instincts of humanity.” The chairman pointed out that this report was signed by Gen. John J. Pershing, as chairman of the subcom- mittee of land armament of the ad- visory committee, and it had been adopted by the advisory committee. Continuing, the chairman said that in view of the reference to a differ- ence of opinion among experts, ahd especiglly in view of the statement contained in the findings of the sub- committee of this committee of the conference, he desired to read, for the {nformation of this committee, & re- port by the general board of the United States Navy upon this question of the 'prohibition of gas warfare. This report had been submitted to the American delegates: ! l “Question: Should gas warfare be prohibited? “Answer: Yes. ‘Would Give Up Advantage. “Comment: The United States would undoubtedly give up a material ad- vantage if gas warfare were abolish- The resources and scientific de- velopment of this, country place it in the front rank of nations in the ability to wage efficlent gas warfare and insure an adequate supply of spe- clal gases. Nevertheless, its aboli- tion would be popular in this coun-. try, even though its effectiveness as a weapon in war has been clearly proved when employed under special conditions, “2, The tendency of rules of modern SAYS ARMS CONFERENCE REVEALS NATIONS’ SOULS Rabbi Simon, in Address, Sees Seed Souls of nations have been revealed as though: by an X-ray process throush ts, at §32 17ta 3 Sowh “Which Is Bound stated in an address y the street: ; “The conference,” he sald, “has United States. and England, and with with her,.rests the peace of the world. right of each nation to develop. ac- “The conference with its high pur- Il’m to Flower.” the activities of the conference on limi- esterday. forum of the National Councll for Limitation of Armament strengthened the ~ bond between the England and the nations that stand the It has led to the recognition of the cording to its nature. pose has entered into’ the hearts and “The struggle of men to 1M the world of war has been dramatized and made real to our children. We must cou- tinue -to ‘develop this Interest which has been ‘aroused until American boys and girls become the natural protago- nists of pea e ——— warfare is toward restraint in the employment of weapons that pro- duce unnécessary suffering. The 1imi- tations in the employment of the dif- ferent weapons have that end in view. The dum-dum bullet and the explo- sive bullet are well known examples. Following this genera] principle, gas- es which produce unnecessary suffer- ing should be prohibited. “3.: Gas_‘warfare has a peculiar quality different from any method heretofore employed, in that though directed toward a ticular target its destructive effect is not Hmited to that target, but passes beyond control of the belligerent agent and may in- volve a sacrifice of innocent lives over a wide -area. On account of this pe- cullarity the use of gas which causes death is objectionable because not only the combatant is killed, a per- fectly legitimate target, but many non-combatants may also be victims, and these innocent persons may de- liberately be made the objects of gas attack by unscrupulous belligerents. Lethal gases should therefore be pro- hibited. . Twe Prineiples Already Accepted. “4. The' two principles in warfare, (1) that unnecessary suffering in_ the destruction of combatants should be avoided, (2) that innocent non-com- batants should not be destroyed, have been accepted by the civilized world for more than 100 years. The use of gases in warfare in so far as they violate these two principles is almost universally condemned today, despite its practice for a certain period dur- ing the world war. “5. Certain gases—for example, tear gas—could be used without violating the two principles above cited. Other gases will, no doubt, be invented which could be so employed; but there will be great difficulty in a clear and definite demarcation between the lethal gases and those which oroduce unnecessary suffering as distinguish- ed from those gases which simply disable temporarily. Among the gases existing today there is undoubtedly a difterence of opinion as to which class certain gases belang. Moreover, the diffusion of all these gases Is practi- cally beyond control, and many inno- cent non-combatants would share in the suffering of the war, even if the result did not produce death or per- manent disability. Great Difficulty Foreseen. The general board foresees great difficulty in_clearly limiting gases 80 a8 to avold unnecessary suf- fering in gas warfare and in en- forcing rules which will avert suffer- ing or the possible destruction of in- nocent” lives of non-combatants, in- cluding women and children. Gas war- fare threatens to become so efficient as to endanger the very existence of clvilization. “7. The general board believes it to be sound policy to prohibit gas warfare in every form and against every objective, and so recommends. (Signed) “W. L. RODGERS.” ‘The chairman thought it was hardly necessary to add anything to these comprehensive statements with re- spect to the .use of gases in warfare. He said that, despite the-conclusions reached by the subcommittee of this committee and set forth in the report which ‘we had read, the American delegation, in the light of the advice of its advisory committee and the con- currence in that advice of Gen. Per- shing, the head of the American land forces, and of the specific recom- mendation of the general board of the Navy, felt that it should present the recommendation that the use of as- phyxiating or poison gas be abso- lutely prohibited. He would ask Mr. Root to present the resolution. Asked to Prepare Resolution. Mr. Root saidthat the chairman had asked him to prepare this_ resolu- tion, pursuant to the recomméndation of those military and naval authori- ties and advisory committees to which the American delegation was bound to pay the highest respect. There was an expression on this sub- Ject which presented the most ex- traordinary consensus of opinion that one could well find upon an interna- tional subject. He had drafted the resolution which he would present in a moment in the language of the treaty of Versailles, which was sub- scribed to by four of the fivé powers here and was appropriated and taken over by the United States and Ger- many in the treaty concluded be- tween them on the 25th of August last, and was repeated in the treaty of St. Germain, between the same powers and Austria, and again in the treaty of Neuilly of the same powers with Bulgaria, and again in the treaty of the Trianon with Hungary, and taken over and homolo- gated by the United States in its treaty with Austria and its treaty with Hungary, and repeated again in the treaty of Sevres. He read from article 171 of the treaty of Versailles, which says: “The use of asphyxiating, poison- ous or other gases and all analogous liquids, materials or devices being prohibited, their manufacture and importation_are strictly forbidden in Germany. The same applies to ma- terials specially intended for the manufacture, storage and use of the said products or devices.” « That declaration of prohibition against the use of poisonous gases he understood to be a statement of the previous rules which had been adopted covering the history of The Hague conferences; and without un- dertaking to question or to inquire into it, it stood as a declaration of all the countries here represented that that is prohibited. And accord- ingly, following the language of the treaty, the language which all had adopted, he would present the reso- lution: “The use in war of asphyxiating, poisonous or analogous liquids or ma- terials or devices having been justly comdemned by the general opinion of the civilized world and a prohibition of such use having been declared in treaties to which a fmajority of the civilized powers are parties. - “Now, to the end that this prohibi- tion shall be universally accepted as a part of international law binding lllae the conscience and practice of nations, the signatory powers declare their assent to such prohibition, agree to be bound thereby between themselves and invite all other civil- ized nations to adhere thereto.” Tn these various treatids there were, Mr. Root thought, between thirty an forty powers which had assented to the statements of the prohibition of se practices, 80 that there was not much further to in securing that general consent which changes a rule from contract to law. Senator Schanzer- said that it was with & deep feeling of satisfaction ‘that the Italizn delegation welcomed the statements made by the chalir- man. . The Itali representative in the subcommittee had had the honor of being the first to propose the aboli- tion of poisomous gases as wWeapons of warfare. only heartily indorse the American pro- posal, which, if accepted—and this Would, no dgubt, be the ease—would constitute one of the greatest claims to honor of the conference and a real step in the path of progress and civil- isation. g mmittes then adjourned until 12\1.‘:10 7, 1923, at 11 o'clock-a.m. co el B T s LU G A W e Gl L SO s Moot i W U o P et e P e MO A A M D AR A L el Rl bt il T SR A 8 AT e d o Gl R o O SO s S B PR e P Ao SOV M L AT AL ol P B R e G LAC IR I MO Bl Mol S ML & Mix With “Enemy” Sheared as of Old By the Ansociated Press. ractice eutting off the hair of German siris who have dealings with “ememy troops of occupation, aecording to an Upper Silealan newspaper which has just beem “received here. It_reports the case of Hella Domb , recently visited at her home by a man who drew a pafr of shears from his pocket cut off her hair close to the 4. Two other girls, Gertrude and Hildegnrd Webs, auftered a siwilar _fate, the newspaper says, while a number of others recently have beem visited by “callers” who sheared thelr Rends. ] The men have ndopted ‘the DOUBTS REMOVED, TOKUGAWA'S VIEW Declares on,Eve of Departure " Japan Can Expect Only Friendship. One thing that Japan has learned through her delegates at the present conference is that she has nothing to expect from this side of the Pacific except friendshjp and co-operation, Prince Tokugawa, one of the Japan- ese delegatgs, sald last night in a tarewell speech to newspaper corre- spondents on the eve of his departure for Japan. He also said that he be- lieved the United States had learned that Japan has no aggressive designs in the Pacific. The prince ieft for New York today and will sail for Japan from the west coast Janu- ary 13. Views of Prince. The prince sai : “I feel convinced that even if the conference does not accomplish every detail of its program, yet it has al- ready achleved enough—especially in the way of international cducation— to entitle it to description as a great success. which will prove of incalcu- lable benefit to the whole world. “Simply the mention of one aspect of the situation will be enough to show what I mean. America has learned, chiefly through your careful analysis of facts and your full and free presentation of them to the pub- lic. that Japan entertains no aggres- sive designs in the Pacific, but friendly co-operation. Proof of Will to Peace. “The agreement on naval limitation and fortifications is proof of a will to peace on both sides. We are already entering a new era of happiness and peace, which will continue o long as the frankness and publicity which have distinguished this conference are maintained in our international relations.” He explained that it was necessary for him to return to Japan, as he was expected to take up his duties as president of the house of peers. He thanked the newspaper men for their spirit of fairness and frankness throughout the parley. “Furthermore,” he added, “these meetings have helped me to know American generosity, and they have assisted in no small measure in dis- pelling the fears I brought with me from Japan, of being prejudged and misunderstood. When 1 return to my country you may be sure that I shall carry with me a lively sénse of the good will you have displayed, and I shall be able to tell my countrymen that they need entertain no fea regarding the spirit that animates America.” WATERWAY T0 SEA 1S GIVEN APPROVAL Joint Commission Favors Lakes-St. Lawrence Proj- ect, Canada Reports. Approval is given the proposed lakes-St. Lawrence waterway by the international joint commission in a report which has been transmitted to the American State Department and the Canadian government. The report will be within a few days by the State De- partment to Congress, and it was said today that inasmuch as consideration of the project was undertaken by the commission at the direction of Con- gress the report will not be made public until submitted to Congress. The commission, it was learned to- day, however, has unanimously a; proved the project, which contem- plates the construction of a deep waterway from the great lakes to the ocean through the St. Lawrence of sufficient depth to enable seagoing vessels to enter the great lakes. The commission also was understood to recommend beginning of construction in the near future or as soon as pos- sible. The report of the commission in- cludes a lengthy statement by engi- neers who made a study of the proj- ect for the commission and who are understood to estimate the cost at ap- proximately $252,725,000. l transmitted | MADE IN JAPAN'S BUDGET Held Ne¢cessary for Coming Year as e From Taxes and Other Sources Decreases. The budget of Japan for the fiscal year, 1922-23, amounting approximate- ly to $733,000,000, represents a de- crease of about $50,000,000 from the expenditures for the current fiscal year, according to a statement issued today by the Department of Commerce, based on Japanese press reports. The budget, the statement said, sets aside $469,000,000 for ordinary expen- ditures and $264,000,000 for, extraord- inary expenditures. Decrease in the budget was made necessary by the decrease of revenue from taxes and government enterprises. The total Japanese revenue is estimated at $722 500,000, the statement added. The 1927 naval expansion program the 1934 army the statement salid, portant undertakings spread over a period of years, will not be deferred beyond the time originally contem- plated, according to Viscount Taka- ha‘r:h. minister of finance and premier. ‘'The general belief in this connection tion is that there is little likelihood of the navy and army programs ® * * being completed on time, since economic conditions, now 8o depre: ed, are not-thought to.be able to re- cover sufliciently to furnish the re- quired revenue.” Of the total amounts alloted to the various departments of the Japanese government by the budget, the largest sums are provided for ghe army, navy and communications, according to the statement. For the army, $126.500,000, ich i8 $5,000.000 less than the cur- ent _appropriations. was provided; 186,800.000 was estimated for the T $ navy, which was a reduction of $50,- 000.000, and was said to be $43,000,000 less than the amount estimated to be necessary to meet the needs of the navy department, and $132,700,000 was provided for communications. DISTRICT GETS DAY INHOUSE MONDAY Enough Business Pending to Occupy Day—Marine In- surance Measure. District legislation is promised right of way in the House on Mon- day, by a statement made by House Leader Mondell on the floor at the close of the session yesterday. He said that there was enough District legislation on the calendar to occupy the entire day. The Edmonds bill, to establish a model marine insurance law in the District, which would be copied by the states, has for some time been awaiting consideration. It has been urged that the passage of this bill would lead to the estab- lishment of a real marine insurance business in this country which would obviate the necessity of paying vast sums in premiums yearly to other countries, and would be a national defense weasure, because it would shut off other rival nations from an intimate knowledge about our ships. Representative Edmonds says he knows of at least two important financial interests that intend to establish marine insurance companies here in the District as soon as this measure is passed. Chairman Focht of the District legidlative committee is particularly anxious to get the co-called pawn- brokers’ bill passed. This would allow pawnbrokers to reopen offices in the District, under certain re- strictions, after taking out a license, which necessitates deposit of a bond for $5,000 with the District Commis- sioners. It would restrict the pawn- brokers from charging at any time in excess of 3 per cent per month up to and including $35, or 2 per cent a month on sums above $35. Records of all transactions would be kept by the pawnbrokers, and all sales be at public auctions that have been ad- vertised In the daily newspapers. Before any article can be sold, the person pawning it would be given three weeks' notice, in writing. WILL NAME POLICE CHIEF NEXT WEEK, NOW PLAN Supporters of Candidates Busily at Work Presenting Quali- fications. A new superintendent of police will not be named until next week, it be- came apparent at the District building today. _Although the Commissioners held a board session this morning, the appointment was not made, as been expected, and no action is looked for this afternoon. Friends and supporters of the vari- ous candidates are still busy present- ing the merits and qualifications of their respective aspirants. The Commissioners have received from the Civil Service Commission the certifications of the lieutenants who took the examination for promotion to captains. 3 - One police ‘captain has already re- tired, another has asked for retirement and the Commissioners may place one or two other precinct commanders on the retired list, in which event several new captains would have to be named. That, in turn, would necessitate the appointment of as many new lieuten- ants and sergeants. NEARLY 14,000,000 EXPRESS VIEWS TO U. S. DELEGATION’S ADVISERS Nearly fourteen million people have an equal number asked for a reduc- expressed their opinions, either in.|tion in size and numbers. The aboli- dividually or through associations, on the questions considered.by the arms conference in communications to the advisory committee of the American delegation. The requests that have been writ- ten or expressed in person as tabu- lated by the advisory comtittee up until yesterday approach the naval limitation and other questions from various angles. A total of 11,632,530 persons, or by far the predominance, asked for co-operative limitation of armament with the details left to the judgment of the delegation. , The next largest number, 271,777, asked for co- operative limitation with benevolence and liberality. A total of 29,740 sought. complete disarmament. There were 11,723 ‘who expressed ' them- selves strongly for limitation of arms for the United States, no matter what the other countrfes did, while, on the other hand, there was an equal num- ber of persons who stood firm for no limitation at all; 11,350 asked for a limitation with caution, while 7,379 advised an increase in America’s pres- ent naval strength. Among special requests on_subjects other than limitation, 10,092,736 made a plea for divine guidance. An’ as- sociation of nations was favored by 1,093,635 people, while 9,761 only voiced their disapproval of any al- liances or ententes. Periodic confer- ences were supported . On the submarine issue, those seek- ing the total abolition of that weapon, numbering 395,104, were far in the ‘majority. 3,708 asked for r tention with a restriction in use, and tion of gas warfare was also upheld by practically a unanimous vote, 366,- 795 seeking total abolition with but :? requesting retention with restric- ons. More than 90 per cent of the resolu- tions received by the committee in- dorsed the policy of the American delegation to the conference. Labors Practically Ended. Although the organization of the American advisory committes is to be maintained in the event of fur- ther need, the services of that body pructically were brought to a close yesterday evening with the comple- tion of a supplementary report on the submarine question, which the Amer- ican delegates are considering. today. Notwithstanding_ their labors in connection with the conferent® ap- pear to have been concluded, at the request of Secretary Hughes they will remain ready to offer more informa- tion if needed. ‘Throughout the course of the con- ference harmonious feelings and de- cisions have prevailed in all the meet- ings of this committee, one of the members said yesterday, as an ex- ample of which, he explained that all the Army and Navy officers been in ‘ect accord on all the decisions reached in the reports. Gen, Pershing, it was learned, has been very active in most of the military issues brought up,” especidlly in the denunciation of re Shicl e o 5.t ik roper 0, :;l th:lpeulrmnm rt which was said_to have ten . Pershing elf. e R RS AL SIR RO S AL ST SN P L TSR AP A USRS SRR S e o A LA UM st U SIS AR e PRSI A A i L B A 290000 REDUCTION | CHURCH AND FEDERAL TABLES " OF U. S. EXPENSES DISAGREE Recerit Statement That 92.6 Per Cent in 1920 Was for Past and Future Wars Analyzed. BY JUNIUS B. WOOD. Tables analyzing the distribution of close to $4,000,000,000 in annual ap- propriations by the United States which have just been prepared by the statistical branch of the general staff of the War Department show con- siderable discrepancy from similar tables which were circulated several, U.. MAY TAKE PART INGENOA PARLEY Officials Awaiting Word on Details of Meeting Be- fore Deciding. The United States, in all proba- bility, will be an active participant in the economic conference which is| to meet in Genoa in March. Although | this action has not been decided upon. the situation seems to have worked itself into two alternatives for adop- tion—either full participation or no representation at all, but it was pointed out by some officials that be- fore any decision has been reached as to either step the details of the proposed conference must be learned. In the event a delegation, clothed | with full powers to act for the Ameri- | M can government, should be sent it was brought out in_some official cir- cles that an understanding as to the ultimate disposition of the foreign debt to this country would be sought | by the United States. This debt is| regarded in some quarters as the| most important question which could | arise at the conference, because of its interrelation to the future financial plans of the nations, and for this rea- son it is thought possible that the United States may wish it clearly | understood that its position with re-{ gard to ultimate payment would not be modified through its participation. Attitude Toward Russia Doubtful. The attitude of the Washington government is less clear on the Rus- slan problem when the reported pro- posal of the economic council for the recognition of the soviets is carried to the fore. So far as can be learned there is no change in the attitude of the United States toward the bolshevik regime since it was set| down in August, 1920, by Secretary | Colby's note, which refused inter- course and recognition with that government. By some officials it was suggested last night that mere participation of Russian representatives In the| economic conference would not in| itself be taken as a recognition of | the soviet government. The Russian | situation, it was said, was one which | could not well be disregarded in any canvass of FEuropean financial ele- ments, particularly since some of the great powers are in active trade re- lations with the Russians. Secomd to Forelgm Debt. Ranking second to the United States foreign debt question is the reorganization of the currency and budget systems of . the _foreign countries, it is believed. This re- organization plan will be discussed in an effort to reach a sound basis for the rehabilitation of the nations, while consideration of reductions in expenditures by the fore govern- ments, it is thought, will include the question of land armament. —_— e Florida—Atlantic Coast Line offers chotce of five through trains on_ convenient schedules. Experts arrange every detail at of- fice, 1418 H st. n.w. Tei. Main 7800.—Advt. U. S. OFFICIALS FAIL TO AGREE ON POLICY Confer With Attorney General Over Interpretation of Sherman Anti-Trust Law. Government officials in conference yesterday with Attorney General Daugherty failed to reach an agree- ment on a federal policy toward trade essociations in the light of the inter- pretation of the Sherman anti-trust act by the Supreme Court in the re- ! cent Hardwood Lumber Association decision. Another conference was scheduled to be held this afternoon to consider a definition of the law prepared by the Department of Commerce as ‘ap- plied to the publication by the depart- ment of information collected by such | associations which is to be submitted .|’ to Attorney General Daugherty for | approval. When formulated the gov- ernment’s_conception of the applica- tion of the law as defined by the Hardwood decision is expected to be Among those who attended yester- | day's conference were Secretariesi Hoover and Wallace, Chairman Gas- Kkill of the Federal Trade Commission; Col. Guy Goff, assistant to the ward, district attorney of New York; Willlam E. Lamb, solicitor for lhe] Commerce Department, and Julius Klein, director of the bureau of for-| elgn and domestic commerce. When the case of George Edward! Harding was called before United States Commissioner George H. Mac- donald in the McLachien building to- | day on a charge of violation of a traffic, the case was continued on re- Qquest ‘of the prosecution until Jlnu-‘ ary 21, although the defense express- ed willingness to proceed w: preliminary hearing. i { A r | Miscellaneous . ith the! 11 weeks ago by the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America. The literature of the federal coun- cil, which was widely distributed. stated that 92.6 per cent of the “United States expenditures in 1920" were for past and future wars. The figures of the War Department fix the percentage for previous wars at 52 per cent and for the present Army and Navy at 20 per cent, a total of 72 per cent ntages are based on the 1922 uppropriations and the present 1923 budget. Valuelens for Comparison. The conflicting figures seem sched- uled to play conxiderable part in fu- ture arguments of whether too large a proportion of the nation's income is being spent for war purposes. As education and many local municipalities, figures are relatively valueless for comparison with other nations where different systems exist. A significant feature of them g thut nearly 50 per cent of the national expenditure is for obli- gations incurred during past wars, items which caniot be evaded or re- duced, The tabulation as for 1920, from the Federal Council of Churches, is: ot Past ware . soxmnomon 63 Futnre wars 3 & 4 il acpartics publle Works .. .00 Researe health, edye o, ey tion and development. . 59.000,000 13 Totals $4.552,000,000_100.0 The opnosition tabulations from the War Department are: 1022 APPROPRIATIONS. World war obligat 1,604,784 82 Previous. wars. onih F i an Army and Navy Postal “rorvice Government functio Public works b ncrease Postal serviee Totals oo S3,K01.113,659 Obligations. The national obligations on account of wars in the past and preparedness for the future, according to the War Department's analy Pensions Other obiij WORLD WAR. Interest on public debt .. 3 Yeterans” Bure Sinking fund. ... Shipping Board T expen tures s, world war’ . PRESENT --$1.664,764.820 $1,750,34 NATIONAL DEF! -.. §339 3o Army Navy Totals, military.. §7 3 The pamphlet of the federal council says that the average tax paid by each person in the United States to the federal government was $53.46, in 1920, distributed as abov SINCE 1899 No Place Like Home No Home Like Ours We are building homes in Michigan Park, Woodley Park and Massachusetts Avenue Park. Washington’s three best re- stricted and zoned residential sections. $7.650, $7.950, $R450, Prices %25;»&) $20,000, $22,500, $25,000 and Our_homes are built to last and finished to please. Call Main 6935 for detailed informa- tion. Middaugh & Shannon, Inc. Woodward Bldg., 15th & H Be Sure to See Our SUNSHINE HOMES MICHIGAN PARK th and Michi 5 12th and Michigan Ave. 10TS_SEVENTY- $7,650 to $8450 homes in town with ground all around for less than houses in a row. BUNGALO 150000080110 41 15000000 64... 43 2,000 56.... 37 2,000. 59. Take 11th or F or N. Cap. st car marked “Brookland” to 12th and Michigan ave, MIDDAUGH & SHANNON | announced by Mr. Daugherty. Attorney General; Col. William Hay- HARDING CASE GOES OVER. federal statute regarding interstate Old Mirrors Made New 'When a mirror becomes spotted, or misty and clouded, it is both and small cost. Write or phone. HIRES TURNER GLASS C” "PANY WASHINGTON, D. C. less. We can take that mirror make it like new at a Founded 1864 Rosslyn, V