Evening Star Newspaper, December 7, 1921, Page 4

* crown in Treland shall be appointe TEXT OF LONDON AGREEMENT FORMING IRISH FREE STATE Allegiance Promised to King—Ulster Is . Given Chance to Must Share War Debt Burden. By the Associated Press. LONDON, December 7.—The cen- turies-old quarrel between England and Ireland was ended, as had been fervently hoped, in the small hours of Tuesday morning by the signature in the prime minister's cabinet room of ‘a treaty between Great Britain and Ireland.” consisting of eighteen ar- ticles, giving Ireland the title of the Irish Free State and the same con- stitutional status as Canada, Aus- tralia and other overseas dominions. The question of allegtance, which up to the last moment threatened to wreck the negotiations, was sur- rounded by permitting the members of the Irish parliament to swear al- legiance to the constitution of the Irish Free State and “be faithful to His Majesty, the King’ 5 An anjuex is attached to the treaty. Clause | specifies that admiralty prop- erty and rights at the dock yard port of Berehaven are to be retained as at present date, and that the harbor de- fenses and facilitles for coastal dafans: by air at Queenstown, Belfast Lougl and Loughswilly to remain under Brit- ish care, provision also belng made for il, fuel and storage. : O e fles of agrcement are as follows: Named Irish Free State. “Article 1. Ireland shall have the same constitutional status in the community of nations known as th British empire as the Dominion of Canada, the Commonwealth of Aus-, tralia, the Dominion of New Zealand and the Union of South Africa, with a parliament having powers to mn\k; laws for peace and order and goo government in Ireland and an execu- tive responsible to that parliament, and shall be styled and kaown as the CITY NEWS IN BRIE. . Pertelevitch of Petrograd will speak of “Russia’s Spiritual Awaken- ing” tomorrow at 8 p.m. at Immanuel Baptist Church. . Everybody welcome. Takoma Park Baptist Church will give a public reception to its new pastor, Rev. W. E. La Rue, and Mrs. La Rue Saturday at 8 p.m. at Trinity | Withdraw—Erin' tinue to be of full force and effect and this instrument shall have effect, subject to the necessary modifications. “Provided, That if such an address is so presented, a commission, con- sisting of three persons, one to be appointed by the government of the \rish free state, one to be appointed by the government of northern Ire- land, and one, who shall be shairman, to be appointed by the British govern- ment, shall determine, in accordance with the wishes of the inhabitants, so far as may be compatible with economic and geographic conditions, the boundaries between northern Ire- land and the rest of Ireland, and for the purposes of the government of Ireland, act of 1920, and of this in- atrument the boundary of northern Ireland shall be such as may be determined by such commission. Powers In Elections, “Article XIII: For the purpose of the last foregoing article the powers of the parliament of southern Ireland, under the government of Ireland, act of 1920, to elect members of the council of Ireland, shall, after the pariiament of the Irish free state is constituted, be. exercised by that fiament ‘Article After the expiration of said month, if no such address as mentioned in’ Article XII hereof is presented, the parllament of . the government of northern Ireland shall continue to exercise, as respects northern Ireland, the powers con- ferred upon them by the government of Ireland act of 1920, but the parlia- |menl of the government of the Irish free state shall in northern Ire- land have in relation to matters, in respect of which the parliament of northern Ireland has not the power to make laws under that act (inclyd- ing matters which, under said act, are parish hall, Piney Branch road. Prof. Edward Thomas Williams yill speak of “Chinese Social Institutions™ at Cosmos Club Friday evening, under auspices of Women's Alliance and of Laymen’s League of Unitarian Church. Catholic Fraternity will give a dance SINI?:V at 8:30 p.m., hall, 8th and N streets. Maine State Society will meet Saturday at 8 p.m., Thomson School. Associated Retall Credit Men will meet Monday evening at Raleigh Hotel. Dinner at 0. Col. Robert N. Harper will speak of “The Cradit Man and the Banker. Brookland Brotherhood will meet Tuesday in Lord Memorial Hall. Mrs. Mina Van Winkle will speak. Music. Kit Carson Post, No. 2, will meet 4 SR ' THE EVENING: STAR,.'WASHINGTON, D. ‘0, ; X ¢ : MAKE HIS VISIT SAFE AND SURE, SAY THE KING PUSHES PLANS CHILDREN OF WASHINGTON. ANYTHING TO tomorrow at § p.m. in G. A. R. Hall. The December meeting of the Amer- ican Society of Mechanical Engineers will be held Friday evening at 8:15 o'clock in the auditorium of the Interfor Department building. ‘The subject to be discussed at the meet- ing will be “Significance of Standard- isation to Industry and the Federal Government. . 8. W. Btratton, director of the bureau of standard and A. A. Stevenson, chairman of th American engineering standards com- mittee, will speak. American Society of Mechanical En- gineers. Washington section, = will meet Friday in auditorium, Interior Department. California State Association .will meet Thursday evening, Thomson School. Men’s Club of St. Mark’s Parish will give a turkey dinner Thursday in honor of Rev. C. R. Stetson and Mrs. Stetson. ish Free State. I"“‘A\".h:la 11. Subject to provisions inafter set out, the position of TosCiHah Free State in relation to the impertal parliament, the govern: ment and otherwise, shall be that of the Dominion of Canada, and the law, practice and constitutional usage overning the relationship of the Srown or representative of the crown and the imperial parliament to.the Dominion of Canada shall govern iheir relationship to the Irish Free State. “Article TII A representative of the ike manner as the governor gen- ‘c‘:‘m‘llk:( Canada and in gccorda?ce With the practice observed in making intments. "ff{'r{".m‘l"xv. The oath to be taken by the members of the parliament of th‘e Irish Free State shall be in the fol- lowing form: “*I do solemn allegiance to the 1y ewear true faith and o constitution of the sh Free State as by law established. R hat I will be falthtul to his majesty, King George V, and his heirs 2nd successors by law. in virtue of fhe common citizenship of Ireland with Great Britain and her adherence o and membership of the group of pations forming the British common- wealth of nations. Must Share War Debts. wArticle V. The Irish Free State Shal eacume liability for service of the public debt of the United King- dom as existing at the date thereof and toward the payment of war pen- sions as existing on that date in such proportion as may be falr and equit- able, having regard for any just laims on the part of Ireland by way of setoff or counterclaim, the amount of such sums being determined in de- fanit of agreement by the arbitration of one or more independent persons being citizens %(he British empire. “Article V! an arrangement has peen mada bitween the British and Trish governments whereby the Irish Free State undertakes her own coastal defense, defense by sea of Great Britain and Ireland shall be undertaken by his majesty's imperial forces. but this shail not prevent the construction or mainten the government of the Irish Free State of such vessels as are neces: sary for the protection of the rev enue or the fisheries. The foregoing provisions of this article shall be Teviewed at a conmferencs of repre- d | ject to which ti within the jurisdiction of the council of Ireland), the same powers as in ) the rest of Ireland, subject to such other provisions as may be agreed to in the manner hereinafter appearing. Safeguards for Ulster. “Article XV: At any time after the date hereof the government of northern Ireland and the provisional government of southern Ireland, here- inafter constituted, may meet for the purpose of discussing provisions, sub- last of the fore- going article ix to operate in the event of no such address as is therein mentioned, being presented, and those provisions' may include: (a) Safe- guards with regard to patronage in northern Ireland; (b) safeguard with regard to the collection of revenue in_northern Ireland; (c) safeguards with regard to import and export duties affecting the trade and indus- try " of northern Ireland; (d) safe- guards for the minorities in northern Ireland; (e) settlement of financial relations between northern Ireland and Irish free state;.(f) establish- ment and powers of a local militia in northern Ireland; (b) safeguards with the defense forces of the Irish free state and of northern Ireland, re- spectively. And if at any such meet- ing provisions are agreed to, the same shall have effect as if th were ‘in- cluded amongst the provisions subject to which the powers of parliament and of the government of the Irish free state are to be exercisable in northern Ireland under Article XIV hereof. “Article XVI: Neither the parlia- ment of the Irish free state nl:'lr the parliament of northern Ireland shall make any laws so as either directly or indirectly to endow any religion or prohibit or restrict the free exercise thereof or give any preference or im- pose any disability on the account of religious belief or religious status or affect prejudicially. the: right of any child to attend school receiving Independence Bell Chapter, D. A. R., will hold its annual card party Thurs. «day, at 8 p.m., Confederate Memorial Home. A sale, the proceeds of which will be used to help pay for con- structing and furnishing their new church at Chevy Chase Circle and Western avenue, is being held by the women of All Saints Episcopal Church | from 3 to 9 p.m. today. The edifice of the church is expected to be complet- ed by Christmas eve, at which time the consecration ceremonies will take place. ORGANIZATION ACTIVITIES. TODAY. Board of education will meet at 4 o'clock, Franklin School. Mrs. Gaius Brumbaugh, 1954 Bilt- more street, will entertain the Flor- ence Crittenton Wheel Club. Frederick J. Palmer will speak at 4 o'clock, National Council for Limita- tion of Armament, 532 17th street. Aid Society of Eckington Presbyte- rian Church is holding annual ba- zaar. Turkey dinner starts at § o'clock. The . ladies . of Brookland M. E. Church are holding a bazaar, and will give a dinner at Masonic Hall, 12th and Monroe streets. Goucher College Alumnae Club will meet at 4:45 o'clock at the College ‘Women's Club, 1822 I street. TONIGHT. Dr. W. J. Humphries of the weather bureau will lecture on “Fogs and at Assembly Hall, 8 o'clock. ‘The A. Z. Tennis Club of the Gov- ernment Hotel will give a dance in Recreation Hall New York State Society will meet at 8 o'clock, Wilson Normal School. Pro- public money without attending the gram includes dancing. religious instruction of the school, or make any discrimination as respects state aid between schools under the management of the different religious denominations, or divert from any re- Representative B. G. Lowrey of Mis- sissippi will lecture on “The Negro Dialect; Its Philosophy and Humor, at Lord Memorial Hall, Brookland, 8 ligious denomination or any educa- tional institution any of its property except for public utility purposes and on the payment of compensation. o’'clock. Military Order, Loyal Legion, U. S. Commandery, will meet at 8:30, New ntatives of the British and Irish Fovernments, to be held at the ex- piration of five years from the date hereof with a view to the under- taking by Ireland of a share in herv own coastal defense. Points in Government. > “Article VII. The government of lheA;rma Free State shall afford to his majesty's imperial force (a) in time of peace such harbor and other facilities as are indicated in the annex hereto, or such other fa cilities as may from time to time be agreed between the British gov- ernment and the government of the Irish Free State, and (b) in time of war or of strained relations with a forelgn power such harbor and other facili ment may of such defe “article VIIL curing observance of the of international limitation o ment, if the governmeht of the Irish’ Free State establishes and maintains a military defense force the establishment thereof shall not in size i rel,::ee:fill(ary establishments main- tained in Great Britain as that which the population of Ireland bears to the population of Great Britain. Ports Must Be Open. i wArticle IX: The ports of Great Brit- llnA;nd the Irish free state be freely open to ships of the other country on The payment of the customary port ther dues. ““?\:UL:le X: The government of the require for the purposes nse, as aforesaid. With a_view to se principle { arma- Irish free state agrees to pay fair| ensation, on terms mot less fa- Cmuble than those accorded by the act of 1920, to judges, officials. mem- bers of the police forces and other public servants who are discharged by it or who retire in consequence of the change of government effected in pursuance of the hereof paragraph: “Provided, That this agreement shall not apply to members of the auxili- ary police force or persons recruited in Great Britain for the Royal Irish Constabulary during the two years next preceeding the date hereof. The British government will assume re- sponsibility for such compensation or pensions as may be payable to any of these excepted persons. Ulster May Withdmw. “Article XI: Until the expiration of one month from the passing of the act of parliament for the ratification of this instrument the powers of the Yarliament and government of the, Irtsh free state shall not be exer- cisable as respects northern Ireland, and the provisions of the government of Ireland act of 1920 shall so far as they relate to northern Ireland re main of full force and effect, and no election shall be held for the return of; members to serve in the parlia- ment of the Irish free state for the constituencies of ndrthern Sreland unless a resolution is passed by both hauses of pariiament of northecn Ire- land in favor of holding such elections before the end of said month. ““Article XIL If before the expiration of‘said month an address is presented toshis majesty by both houses of parliament of northern Ireland to thit effect, the powers of the parlia- ment and government of the Irish frée state shall no longer extend to northern Ireland, and the provisions of the government of Ireland act of 1920 (including those relating to the council of Ireland), shall so far as they relate to northern Ireland con- Shop Early’ —in the day before the sales force is tired out. ties as the British govern- | such proportion of | “Article XVII: By way of provisional arrangement for the administration of southern Ireland during the interval which must elapse between the date hereof and the constitution of a pi liament and a government of the Irish free state in accordance therewith. steps shall be taken forthwith for summoning a meeting of the members of parliament elected for the con- Istltuenclex in southern Ireland since the passing of the government of Ire- land act in 1920, and for constituting a provisional government. And the British government shall take steps |necessary to transfer t6 such pro- visional government the powers and machinery requisite for the discharge of its duties, provided that every | member of such provisional govern- ment shall have signified in writing I his or her acceptance of this instru- ment. But this arrangement shall not continue in force beyond the expira- tion of twelve months from the date hereof. | “Article XVIIL: This i shall be submitted forthwith by his majesty's government for the ap- i proval of parliament and by the Irish | signatories to a meeting summoned {for the purpose of members elected to sit in the house of commons of southern Ireland, and, if approved, it shall be ratified by the necessary legislatnon.” - British { instrument _Signed on behalf of the delegation: LLOYD GEORGE ‘AUSTEN CHAMBERLAIN | “BIRKENHEAD i “WINSTON CHURCHILL | “WORTHINGTON EVANS ! | “HAMAR GREENWOOD { | “GORDON HEWART." i | On behalf of the Irish delegation: “ART OF GRIOBHTHA (Arthur Griffith) “MICHAEL 0. O. SILEAIN (Michael Collins) i “RIOBARD BARTUN (Robert C. Barton) “E, S. DUNGAN (Eamon J. Duggan) “SEORSA GHABGAIN UI DHUBH- THAIGH (George Gavan Duffy). Dated the sixth of December, 1921. | Two: Added Provisions. Clause 2 in the annex to the agree- | ment provides that a convention shall | be made between the two govern- ments to give effect to the following conditions: That submarine ' cables shall not be landed or Wireless sta- tions for communication with places | outside of Ireland established, except by agreement with the British govern- ment; that existing cable rigFts ,and wireless concessions shall not', be' withdrawn except by agreement with | the Bfitish government, and that the ! British government shall be entitled | to land additional submarine cables ! or establish additional wireless sta- | tions for communication with places' outside of Ireland; that lighthouses, | buoys, beacons, etc., shall be main-]| tained by the Irish government and not be removed or added to except by ! agreement with the British gevern {ment; that war signal stations shall { be closed down and left in charge of oars and maintenance : parties, the government of the Irish free state being offered the option of taking them over and working them for com- mercial pirposes, subject to admiralty inspection, and guaranteeing the up- !keep of existing telegraphic commu- nication therewith. | " Clause 3 provides that a convention shall be made between the two gov- ernments for the regulation of civil | communication by air. —_— 11,000 IN DRAFT EVASION. Names of more than 11,000 men. listed by the War De ent as draft evad- ers were published in yesterday's Con- gressional Record. Thirty-one names also were given of men :revlwfly lht!g as alleged deserters who subsequen bad cleared records. P £2 Willard. Admiral Tsai Ting-Kan will speak and Prof. V. U. Wang will en- tertain with “magic mysteries. John Barrett will lecture on “The Armaiment Congress and Its Home, the Pan-American Building,” illus. trated, before Georgetown Citizens’ Assocition, at Western High School, at 8:15 o'clock. Ladies’ Aid Soclety, Grace Reformed Church, will hold a bazaar from 7:30 o'clock. Women's City Club—Busi L o B it usiness meet. Battery C, 110th Field Artillery, D, C. N. Gn, will hold special meeting at armory, at 8:15 o'clock ‘The Lansburgh Boosters of Alm: Temple will hold their weekly meea: nig in the. oak room of the Raleigh Hotell. l.:l; ;IOble! of Almas Temple are invited to attend. will preside. HarcyiBedel U. 8. S. Jacob Jones Post, No. 2, A - ican Legion, will meet at 8 ¢’ L‘X:Ie:t Y. W. C. A, 1332 F street. Miss Marga- ret McMichael will give a reading. George Washington Post, No. 1. Amer- ican Legion, meeting, 8 o'clock, room, District building. hiibeand . TOMORROW. Volunteer officers of the civil war will meet tomorrow ai Grand Army Hall, BT Bt A New England dinner and b: for benefit of Martha \Vashinglo:z;l‘:l: :ekll‘l LodigG.INcL 3, L 0. O. F, will e given in I. 0. O. F. - be Eoon F. Temple to. o’clock. AT THE COMMUNITY CENTERS Wilson Normai—Tonight: Women’s gymnasium, interior decorating, short story-writing, Lonesome Club, rhythm for woren. East Washington — Tonight: Milli- nery, Olympia Athletic Club, Manhat- i tan A. C., Scout rehearsal. Park rhythm, View — Tonigh! Saranac A. Women's . Park View | Players. Johnson-Powell—Tomorrow afternoon: Dramatics for children, 3 o’clock; in- struction in social dancing for children, 4 o'clock. Southeast—Tonight: Mohawk e letlo Club, Quentin A. c. ok A Thomson—Tonight: _Esperanto class, Arkansas State Soclety, Dramatic Club, plain sewlng, electric iron use, piano practice, — EDUCATOR TO SPEAK. Kansas University Chancellor to Visit Alumni- Here. F. E. Lindley, chancellor of'the University of Kansas, will be enter- tained by the alumni of the institu- tion residing in Washington and near- by Maryland at a dinner at the Uni- versity Club tomorrow night. He is on a tour of the eastern states, in- forming the alumni of the university of his plans for the development of the institution. 3 In his address here Chancellor Lindley is expected to describe the new $500,000 stadium that has been erected at Lawrence, Kan., as a me- morial to the 128 graduates of the university who lost their lives in the war. Senator Capper of Kansas also will speak. Arrangements for the dinner are being made by Edward F. Kohman, 1739 H street, president of the Kansas Tniversity Club of ‘Washingion. , . Dinner from' 4:30 to 10] Making Santa Claus fireproof is the latest “safety-first” device of Fire Chief Watson. He has rul Santa_must be thoroughly sprayed with a fireproof solution before ‘0, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 7, 192L ' down the chimneys of W ington. Photo shows the patron saint of children recelving a dose of Chlef Watson's mixture at the hands of a Washingtor. fireman before beginning hir Yuletide journey. New “Irish Free Of Long and State” Result Bitter Struggle By the Assoctated Press. . Following is a chronology of portant events in Ireland from ster rebellion of 1916 up to truce of July 11, 1921, between |Sinn Fein and crown forces and | negotiations between Premier Lloyd George, Sir James Cralg of Ulster and Eamonn De Valera, the Irish republi- can leader, looking to the establish- ment of peace: im- the the the | 1916, April 25—Revolt in Dublin; 180 civilians killed and 614 wounded: Sinn Fein or Irish republican flag raised | over Dublin post office; Ireland pro- claimed a republic and Patrick Pearse designated provisional president. April 30—Martial law declared; rev- olutionaries driven out of St. Ste- phen’s Green; 707 prisoners, including the Countess Markievicz, taken by crown forces. Property damage esti- mated at $10,000,000. May 2—Seven Dublin leaders, in- cluding Provisional President Pearse, executed. Sixteen are sent to prison for life. May 11—Seven more Sinn Fein lead- ers executed; seventy-nine sent to prison and 1,706 deported; 40,000 Brit- ish troops sent to Ireland. May 17—Sir Roger Casement tried for high treason; hanged in Penton- ville prison on August 3. 1917, February 22—Sinn Feiners just freed from internment in England are seized by authorities in wholesale 'raids throughout Ireland. June 12—Irish prisoners in intern- ment camp at Lewes, Sussex, mutiny. *-Qctober 10—Lloyd George in house of commons charges plot for new Irish revolt to be alded by von Bern- storfr. 1918. May 6—De Valera addresses anti- | conscription meeting at Ballaghade- { Teen. May 22—John Dillon appeals for American support of nationalists and condemns Sinn Fein. June 21—Irish republic formally proclaimed by dail eireann, or Irish | parliament, in Dublin. 1919, March 30—Twenty Sinn Feiners escape from Mountjoy prison. British Flag Burned. June 29—Sinn Feiners burn British flag in Dublin street; similar demon- strations in other Irish cities. September 12—Suppression_of dail efreann and all other Sinn Fein or- ganizations ordered by British gov- ernment. December 19—Viscount French, lord licutenant of Ireland, ambushed while |traveling along country road, escapes assassination; one killed, two wound- ed. 1920, | January 1—Three hundred armed Sinn Feiners raid police barracks at Carrigtohill and later destroy them | with ~dynamite: fourteen poltcemen ! Ikilled. British government offers $50,- i {000 reward for capture of raiders. ] March 21—Thomas MacCurtain, lord mayor of Cork, shot to death and Mrs. MacCurtain wounded by armed men in their home; 15,000 follow body to_the grave. June 6—British troops increased to 60.000. July 25—Seventeen persons Kkilled and many wounded in Belfast riots. August 4—Announcement of passage of Irish coercion bill is followed by resignation of 132 Irish magistrates holding British corgnissions August 15—Lord [ayor MacSwiney of Cork and ten Sinn Fein associate convicted of sedition, start hungeri {strike in Brixton prison. ! August 22—Loyalists sack town of {Lisburn, Ireland, and burn Sinn Fein ! houses and shops. Loss, $2,500,000. | “'August 31—Belfast rioting renewed; fifty-two persons killed; 214 fires in six days. *September 1—Four hundred anti- Sinn Fein Irish police threaten to re- sign if Lord Mayor MacSwiney is re- leased. ‘September 21—Balbriggan wrecked |and burned by raiders; $1,000,000 loss. ‘October 26—Lord Mayor MacSwiney | aios on seventy-fourth day of his hunger strike. October 30—Cardinal Logue rebukes “persons engaged in fomenting re- bellion in Iriland.” S November 17—Committee of 100 in Washington starts “to investigate and report on conditions in Ireland.” 28 Killed in Dublin Round-Up. November 21—Foot ball throng in Croke Park, Dublin, fired upon by police in round-up of Sinn Fein su- Spects; 26 killed and 70 wounded. November 26—Arthur Grifiith and {other Sinn Fein leaders arrested and, sent to Mountjoy prison. i November 28—Kighteen fires and! $5,000,000 damage in Liverpool charged to Sinn Fein sympathizers. November 29—Fifteen . auxiliary | policemen or “cadets” killed in am- !Bush nmear Kilmichael “and. many {towns burned in reprisal. i December 12—Fires in Cork destroy i city hall, library and eighteen other ! publi than_$10,000,000; wrecked and looted by masked bands) of men. December 21—House of commons | passes mew home rule bill providing for northern and Southern parlia- ments in Ireland and giving both factions three and one-half years to accept. o in Treland 1921 January 18—David Kent, Sinn Fein member of British parliaments, is ar- rested; 17 Sinn Fein members of par- liament now in jail. January 19—Irish labor party blames Cork fires on military alone. February 12—Pope Benedict con- demns bloodshed in Ireland; sympa- thizes with the people. February 14—De Valera addresses. dail ‘eireann, telling of British truce negotiations, and later denounces crown forces in letter to parliament. Six Sinn Feiners Executed. February 21—Six Sinn Feiners exe-. cuted in Cork jail; Archbishop Walsh the | Drotests March 3—Lloyd George says he is willing to meet Irish representatives in a peace parley, but bars “guilty Sin Feiners.” March 7—Michael O'Callaghan, for- mer mayor of Limerick, shot dead in bed by masked men. March 14—Six more Irish prisoners executed in Mountjoy prison. March 19—Irish Catholics of London protest Cardinal Bourne's pastoral de- nouncing Irish disorders. March 25—Dail eireann orders boy- cott of certain imports of British manufacture after March 31. March 31—Committee of one hun- dred, in report made public in Wash: ington, blames Great Britain for what it described as the Irish “reign of terror.” April 20—Dalil eireann statement re- ports 751,359 cases of distress in Ire- land and warns all who resort to English courts of justice. April 28—Four men executed in Cork barracks for attacking crown forces. ; sMay 4—Review of Irish republican army’s operations for the week shows forty-three attacks on crown forces. May 6—Sir James Craig, Ulster leader, confers with De Valera. May 5—Bishops in reply to Lloyd George declare government policy to- ward Ireland is only “inflaming the wound.” May 15—Sinn Feiners raid houses Often Hung by Merest Thread Negotiations between the leaders of the Sinn Fein and Ulster elements in Ireland and the British government were started on June 25, 1921—three days after King George's appeal for peace at the opening of the Ulster parliament in Belfast—when Premier Lloyd George invited Eamon De Va- lera and Sir James Cralg, the Ulster premier, to confer with him in Lon- don. De_ Valera accepted the invita- tion on July 8 and thercupon a truce was agreed to, taking effect July 11. Members of the dail eireann, or Irish parliament, who were impris- oned were set free to enable them to{ vote on the proposals for & settlement of the long conflict. Others who were in hiding were offered immunity from arrest or prosecution so that they also could attend the meeting of the dail. The Irish republican leader, how- ever, oxpressed an unwillingness to attend a parley until he first had ob- tained the views of Craig and other Irish minority spokesmen, mean- while declaring he could see no ave- nue for peace while Irish unity and gelf-determination were denied. Craig declined to attend the Dublin con- ference, arranged for July 4, but it was nevertheless held with De Va- lera, Arthur Griffith, founder of the !Sinn Fein; Gen. Jan Christian Smuts, South African premier, and fou southern unionists present. The London conference began July | 14 and continued almost daily wuntil July 21, when De Valera left to pre- sent the British proposals to the dail eireann, or Irish parliament, in Dub- lin. = Briefly, the British proposals offered dominion home rule for Ireland, but denied the right of the Irish people to secede from their allegiance to the British crown. They were dated July 20 and (in addition) offered Ire- land “complete autonomy in taxation and finance, to maintain her own mili- tary for home defense and her own police, to take over the Irish postal service, education, land, mines, hous- ing, trade, transport, the liquor traf- fic" and all similar powers of self- governing British dominion: Six stipulations were ended. These provided that the British navy should control the seas around the British Isles, that the Irish military force should conform in numbers .to the military establishments in other parts of Great Britain, that Great Britain should be afforded every necessary facllity in Ireland for the development of air defense, that Ire- land should agree to contribute to the naval and military forces of the British empire, that Ireland should raise no tariff or trade restrictions against Great Britain and that Ire- land should assume a share of the United Kingdom's present debt and pensions. Still further, the proposals includ- ed the full recognition by southern Jreland of the Ulster government with-all its rights and privileges. The part played by Gen. Smuts in the negotiations is generally con- sidered to have been very important. His views were set forth August 4 in a long letter to De Valera, in which {he recounted his own people’s ex- fence in setting up the South fcan Union and counseled mod- eration and forbearance. His letter seemed to many Irishmen to carry more liberal assurances than Lloyd George's bare terms and some of them urged the premier to say wheth- er he stood by it as part of the terms. On August 10, six days before the dail convened, De Valera, voicing the opinion of himself and cabinet, re- plied to Lloyd George's overture and refused the offer as a whole, because, he said, it was “self-contradictory.’ The Irish republican leader and his colleagues, while rejecting the offer of dominion rule for Ireland, said they approved certain parts of it namely, autonomy in flnange smd taxation, military ferces for home defense, Irish poiiee and the control of the Irish postal service. In his letter to Liayd Irish Peace Negotiations Have in London; scores of persons slain in_Ireland. May 21—Pope appeals to both Irish and Bnglish to abandon violence. May 25 — Dublin_customs heusc burned, eighteen killed and 110 wounded; damage, $10,000,000. May 26—British seize 16,388 rounds of aileged American ammunition in Dublin. June 7—Three Sinn Felners, exe- cuted in Dublin, leave message: “Fight on.” June 15—Cargo of machine guné destined for Ireland scized aboard ship at New York. June 16—Sir Hamar Greenwood charges 568 killings to “rcbels” since { July, 1920, results of Irish ambushes or raids on crown forces, which had been of almost daily occurrenc June 18—Sinn Feiners board st | ship and throw supplies for British | military authorities overboard. | June 22—Fiften thousand addi tional British troops sent to Ireland King George opens Ulster parliament and pleads for an end of strife. June 24—Oe Valera arrested near | Dublin, but is quickly released. Martial Law in Ireland. land on July 12 unless Sinn Feiner: agree to settlement. June 29—Dail eireann authorizes re- taliatory measures against reprisal by crown forces. | British parliament released from | Mountjoy prison. July 7—British government orders to limit raids. July 9—Lloyd George invites De Valera and Sir James Craig to con- fer with him in London. July 11—Crown and Sinn Fein | forces agree to truce and stop all hostilities at noon pending outcome 'of parley in London. Valera said: “Ireland’s right to choose for herself the path s realize her own destiny. cepted as indefeasible. * * * The Irish peoeple’s helief is that national des- tiny can best be realized in politica’ detachment free from _imperialistic entanglements which, they feel involve enterprises out of harmon: must_be ac- the national character, rrove destructive | to the ideals ard be fruitful of only ruinous wars. crushing burdens, social iscontent and general unrest and un- happiness. * ¢ * Dominion status for Ireland is by every one who understands the conditions krown to be illusory. " Loyalty te King Demanded. On August 13, three days before the dail eireann assembied to decide its final course, Lloyd Georgé replied to De Valera's rejection of his peace proposals. | In his ietter the premier emphasized a | point on which he said “No British gov- | ernment can compromise, namely, the June 26—British announce martial| law will be extended throughout Ire- June 30—Arthur Griffith MacNeill| and two Sinn Fein members of the| issues | e should take to the attitude of the Irish extremists These warniags, companied by expressions of hope and belief overcome. sequence thus far Edward Carson, former Ulster leader who 1s quoted by the Morning Post as declaring: I should live to see a day of such abject humiliation for Great Britain. the opion that the Irish republicans now in internment may be given an- nestry immediately. is revived that one of the King's sons may be appointed the first {governor general of Ireland. lings in the final momentous meeting | i i | i { out of the woods yet; there may still be troubles and difficulties ahead.” { this time re ia special train to be held in readiness [to take a messenger to Belfast. pects. A Celt himself, Lioyd George had & warm spot in his heart for the Irish that made him friendly disposed He believed that the status of Irelund was working harm toward friendship between England and the United States, and asked me a hundred qu tions on this point. -He was willing to concede Ireland almost everything but the privilege of going out of the emplire. He was worricd about the possibility of working out a system of financial autonomy for Ireland, but believed that conferences would ahow a way out. But he was determined that there should be no possibility of tariff barrlers that would work to the disadvantage of England. "He convinoed me of his ecarnest- ness and sincerity and his determina- tion to go the limit to settle the prob lem. Ho kept every promise he sent to De Valera through me, and the world owes Lloyd George & debt of gratitude for what he has done.” COMMENT IS DIVIDED. FOR PARLIAMENT’S ACTION ON IRELAND (Continued from First Page.) In other quarters it is said that s causing anxlety to the delegates. however, are ac- that the difficulties can be The ouly oppositing voice of con- is that of Sir “I never thought that The Westminster Gazette expresses | Belfast Newspapers Praise and Condemn Peace Terms. By the Associated Press. BELFAST, December 7.—The Irish News, organ of Joseph Devlin, €ays “It 18 enough to know that an agr: ment has been arrived at, and that nternational peace will ured if nothing untoward happens herc After.” The Belfast Telegraph refers to “a -omplets new formula respecting the oath of allegiance” and says. “To trifie with the oath in this fashion. and to do It at the instance of the most notorfously disloyal organiza tion in the whole empire, is a most langerous thing. There really can be no compromise @bout the ques tion of all.” DUBLIN IS JOYOUS. The old rumor Premler's Success Remarkable. ‘Those best informed of the proceed- s of the conferees lay stress on the part taken by the prime minister, picturing the “little Welsh Napoleon” as fighting desperately for a settle- ment through the long hours, using all the powers of his magnetic per- sonality on the little group of hag- gard, almost depairing men, upon whose shoulders rested the fate of the negotiations. Hope had generally been abandoned and the Sinn Feln representatives were preparing to leave for home. At fe Sinn Fein beadquarters the sectation had e expressed the truce would collapse and th fighting would be resumed within a we No other alternative could be seen. Still Mr. Lloyd George, fresh from his conference with the King, whom the premier outlined the des perateness of the situation, refus to accept defeat and battled on. At 3 o'clock the English and Irish dele- gates met at the premier's residence, presumably to discuss the future r lations of Ireland and England in view of the then apparent coilapse of the negotiations, namely, whether war was inevidtable. Out of this seemingly hopeless sit- uation, however, grew an agreement which appears to have been as un- expected by the conferees as by the public. For eleven house almost with- out cessation, the delegates debated the position, all anxious for peace. but none seeing the formula by which it could be achieved until the marvel < worked by the advanc ment of terms which cleared the at- mosphere and ultimately resulted ¥ the Associated Pross. DUBLIN, December 7.—The Trish Tn- ependent is enthusiastic over the peace It says that when the term are ratified, as they doubtless will be. all estrangement and bitterness betweer England and Ireland will be forgotten and they will prosper side by side. “Reason triumphed over foroe” say the Cork Examiner, “might bent the kneo to right and justice, founded o zood will, seems destined to come int 1is own. The sacrifices and determinatio! of Irishmen who loved taelr country ar« sought her liberty are to be rewarded PRAISES AMERICA’S PART. reement By the Associated Press. Harry J. Boland, representative of the provisional Irish government i Washington, issued the followir ‘3I(ll.em?nl upon the agreement reach {ed in London: an upderstanding. | “America has contributed in larz. ’l'l;le :ui-n;‘ : ln’. f, however, is that { measufe to the present happy po ord Birkenhezd, who came to the |, o0 po erous c <upr government's rescus when the ques. | UOn DY sencrous financial suppn: tion of renewal of the Anglo-Jupane: treaty had reached a critical stage, i< ponsible for the formula | overcoming the allegiance difficulty. Austen Chamberlain, who is leader | of the government in the house of commons and of the unionist party, | speaking at Birmingham last night. <ed the conviction that beforc peace and good will would | established between *“the parent | races of the British commonwealth, nd he appealed with emotion to northern Ireland to join the new free state. ions of sympathy and support cor ing from Congress and from legislatures and by the organiz opinion of liberty-loving Americar “The great moral force was throw behind the people of Ireland and wa of incalculable benefit to them in th struggle. The support thus gives was offered freely and we feel surc that the agreement reached betweer Britain and Ireland will be receivee in America with great joy. Americ: can be assured that Iréland will not be ungrateful and will not forget tl. assistance she received from tl generous land in her hour of trial Ntale Historic Scenes Enacted. Theatrical effect was added to thelppripr MORE THAN ENOUGH great drama staged in Downing Street immediately after the signing of the treaty, which took place at 180 o'clock in th emorning. When it became apparent that an agreement might be reached, the prime minister caused instructions to be issued for BY WILLIAM H. BRAYDEN. Special Cuble to The Daily News. Cop) B DUBLIN, Ireland, December 7.—Th feeling universal in Dublin and « over Ireland is one rather of reli- than of triumph. Nobody is crowinx over the victory, but everybody is de lighted. The warmest admirers of th: Sinn Fein success are found in the ranks of those who opposed them. The southern unionists and represenia tives of big business rejoice In th ending of the chaos and are quite sat isfled with the guaranties given them by the Sinn Fein leaders of fair pla | for the minority. Confidence in Sinn Fein assuran is the main feature. A man just i« turned from London. where he was i1 touch with the negotiations behin: the scenes all through, tells the writer that what most impressed the Britis} cabinet was the stubborness of the Sinn Fein lcaders over the form of the ! oath of allegiance to the crown. They would rather go back to fight- ing than take the oath in any of the forms first offered. The conclusion was drawn that men so scrupuio over the terms of a bargain could b« relied upon to keep any pledge the) made. . The treaty will be submitted almos immediately to dail eireann, where is expected to have the same Kind { reception as it will get from the Bri ish house of commons. In both as- semblies there are certain to be ob- jectors, and in both the language ¢ This | was necessary, as Mr. Lloyd George | had promised Sir James Craig, the Ulster premier, that either new pro- posals would be in the latter's hands by Tuesday, or the negotiationg would | be finished. Immediately the agreement was signed one of the premier's secretaries rushed to the station. and the train sped toward Holyhead on a non-stop run. At Holyhead a destrover was waiting, and it conveyed the secre- tary to Belfast. The signing occurred in the his- toric cabinet room, the prime min- ister and Arthur Griffith being the first to sign for either side, after which all the members shook hands all around with the greatest cordi- ality. At 3 o'clock in the morning the premier sent a special message to the king at Sandringham and also a copy of the agreement. Carson Flays Agreement. T never thought that I would ever live to see such a day of abject hu- miliation for Great Britain,” said Sir Richard Carson, former Ulster leader, in commenting on the terms of th. Trish amrecment, according. ta the|ihe dissatisfied may be forcible. But Morning Post. the vast bulk of Irish, as of British One irporiant phase of the Irish|Sentiment. is behind the treaty. situation was not mentioned in the | — peace terms, namely, the release of | claim that we should acknowledge the ! political prisoners, of whom there are | right of Ireland to secede from her al- { som 5,000 still legiance to the King. It was | that this matter | imprisond. understood today Lloyd George continued: “The con-!was left to be adjusted after ratifica- ||| ditions of the proposed settlement do'tion of the terms by the British and not arise from any desire to force ou will upon the people of another race, but from facts which are as vital t Ireland's welfare as to our own. The: contain no derogation from Ireland’ status as a_dominion, no desire fo British ascendancy over Ireland and | actually no impairment of Ireland’s national | other crimes would be included in ! Our proposals present to the;the amnesty was said to be open to!|l v such as has | gpeculation. | never dawned in their history before. | ideals. Irish people an opportuni We have made them in a sincere de- sire to achieve peace, but beyond them we cannot go." { Sir James Craig, the Ulster premier, | By the Associated Pre: in setting forth the attitude of the peace negotiations, in a letter to Lioya George on August 15, said: Premier Craig’s Claims. “We are busily engaged in_ratify- viding for two parliaments), whil the Irishmen outside the northers larea, who in the past have struggled | 8ratitude. for home rule, have chosen to repu-{ diate the government of Ireland act and press Great Britain for wider powers. To join in such pressure is repugnant to the people of northern|admitted that De Valera, Collins and | We are prepared,iGriffith have placed themselves Ireland. * * * when you and Mr. De Valera arrive at a satisfactory settlement, to co-oper- ate with southern Ireland on equal terms for the future welfare of our common ccuntry.” De Valera, at the opening session of the dail eireann, August 16, reit- erated his demand for complete sepa- ration, and, speaking for the dail eireann cabinet, rejected the offer of dominion_status on the ground that| the people of southern Ireland in a general election had voted for free- dom from Great Britain. The Irish leader insisted that he and his col- leagues stood for “the ideals em- bodied in the American Declaration of Independence.” AINT IT Don't let winter’s winds and snows play havoc with the ‘woodwork of your home. Paint preserves. Phooe us. Zaterior and Exterior Work, s & FERGUSON, INC. 333%se Patating Department, Ph. 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