Evening Star Newspaper, October 23, 1921, Page 45

EDITORIAL PAGE ‘NATIONAL PROBLEMS =~ SPECIAL ARTICLES "~ EDITORIAL SECTION iy S, Part 2—14 Pages RESULTS FOLLOWING ! | | PACT RATIFICATION Envoys to Central Powers Will Be Ap- pointed and Settlement of Claims of American Citizens Begun. BY G. GOULD LI ~l:l)l.‘. status. But the relationship between HEN President Harding pro- | these officers and the countries in of | Which they have been resident has clalms the exchange s 8 ratifications of the peace | Pecn purely informal and unofficiai. treatics with Germany,|But the other nations of the world, it must be remembered, have had a full corps of diplomatic and consular rep- | resentatives in Germany, Austria and Hungary, working in the interests of increased trade with their own par- ticular countries. In this way the Austria and Hungary, and a similar step is taken by the German govern- ment, expected now at any early date, the United States will be technically, as well as really, at peace with the former central powers. The tangible : Tesults of this final step bringing to ::“';:_"’:;:“;_::‘:::'"o:‘ :h:":;"n::; an end the technical state Of Warigi,ieq pave been handled through which has existed for nearly three|g il giir DR ERC S ar offl years since the termination of hos-| oro'in Germany. Naturally the in- tilitles will be: terests of the United States have been 1. The &ppointmént of United States | secondary to those of Spain, though diplomatic and consular officers t0|tnis is not intended in any way as & Germany, Austria and Hungary and[criticism of the manner in which the similar appointments to the United|interests of Americans have b,eni 1 | States by those countries. cared for by the Spanish. 2. Beginning will be made in thel The United States has lost the settlement of the claims of American |revenue derived from fees paid to| citizens against the former enemy na- | consular officers for the certification | tions for damages done during the|of invoices of goods shipped from A German ports by Americans to any 3. American troops stationed in the |other country in American vessels. enounted area of Germany will be with- | These fees have gone to Spanish of- | afwn. ificials and have been lost to the There are a number of other results | Treasury of the United States, looked for, but which time alone Will | amounting possibly to half a million demonstrate. One of these is the sta- | dollars a year. bilizing of conditions so as to permit{ Some of the federal and state laws a larger degree of trade. Another is|require that a document executed the possible appointment of American |abroad must be executed before an representatives to sit with the repara- | American consul. It has been held tions commission—though such ap-|that a Spanish consul, acting as an pointment would have to be sanction- | American consul, does not fill the ed by act of Congress, under the pro- | bill in cases of this kind. So deeds, visions of the resolution of ratifica- | Powers of attorney, mortgages and tion of the treaties recently adopted | other documents affecting property by the Senate. have not been able to be attested in Ltitle Increased Trade Expected. | GT™any, which has been a great; | inconvenience in business tramsac- So far as the immediate outlook is - concerned, it is not expected by perts. who have considered the mat- tew that there will be any appreciable] ;oo oo increase in the existing trade with Germany, Austria and Hungary. The experts explain this on the ground that the foreign exchange—the de- tions, it is sald. Congress, by special act, took care of applitations- of patents filed by before Spanish consuls acting for American officials, and a bill was passed also to permit Span- ish consuls to act in pension cases. Even though the exchange situa- preciated value of the mark and theition may be such as to prevent any crown—will prevent these countries from buying more American goods than they are now doing. from buying more American goods Wotwithstanding the fact that a technical state of war has continued to exist between the United States and Germany and the qther, nations involved, trade has been going on without restrictions—except in the lafge increase in trade with the for- mer enemy nations for the present, it will be a great assistance to American business to have American officials on the ground, it is said, to aid at least in laying plans for fu- ture trade in competition with other tions. It Is expected that President Hard- ing will appoint an ambassador to case of German dyestuffs. All re-|Germany soon and, probably, minis- strictions - were lifted in July, 1919, | ters to Austria and to the new na- and even prior to that date trading|gion, Hungary. - E had been going on. The exports to Germany from the United States now are in value greater than they were Claims Against Germany. So_far as American claims against before the war began in 1914, and | Germany are concerned, the Harding the same is true of imports from Ger- many. The volume of the exports, however, Is not so great. mans are buying from the United States principally raw materials— cotton and copper—which they are not able to get elsewhere. Because of the rate of exchange and the low value of the mark as compared with the dollar the Germans are not buy- ing anything from this country they can do without; it is said. In the case of cotton, the value Imported into Germany from this country is about one-half what it was before the war, though the value of the im- ports of cotton is about the same. It is not believed the Germans are get- ting cotton elsewhere, but that they are doing without it as far as pos- sible. Just as it is to the interests of the Germans not to purchase goods! from the United States under pres- ent conditions, it is to their advan- tage to sell as much of their own products as they can. Their exports to the United States today are prin- cipally toys, novelties and textiles. In August, 1921, the value of the im- portations from Germany into this country was, in doilars, $7,385,307, and the value of the exports to Germany was $39,839,846. The trade of the United States with Austria and Hungary is at a very low ebb.. In Austria the crown, which prior to the war was valued at five to she dollar, is now 3,600 to the dollar. It is obvious that the Aus- trians cannot do business with Amer- jeans If they can get goods anywhere | else where the rate of exchange is not so prohibitive. In some quarters it has been the Bope that the German mark will in- erease in value with the establishment of peace, finally. with the United States. But government experts here take the view that the German mark s not to increase in value for some time to come. The Germans must make their second payment of the reparation money In Novemebr, and will have a hard time meeting the payment, it is pointed out. These same experts do not look for an ap- preciaole increase in German trade until the mark increases in value. May Lay Trade Foundations. But the establishment of peace and the sending of American diplomatic and consular representatives %o the former enemy countries will place the United States In a better position to drum up trade with them than it has been in the past three years. When the American consular’ offices In’ Ger- many and Austro-Hungary were cloded this country had seventy-tkree consular officers In Germany and thirty-two in Austro-Hungary. Diplo- matic relations with Germany were severed February 13, 1917, and with Austro-Hungary not long afterward. §ince that time this country has had 1o formal diplomatic or consular offi- cers in either country. There have! Prominent lawer and adept states- heen American commissioners in Ber- lin, Vienna and Budapest, and these officials have had a few assistants,| ge gowme ol cthem - hawiug - a - consular . mentsy- - ia treaty of peace with that nation, as well as with” the other two nations, The Ger-{specifies that the property seized by the alien property custodian after the beginning of,the war is to be held until those claims are satisfied. The property so held runs into the hundreds of millions of dollars, and it is estimated that the American claims for damages will be covered by $100,000,000 or less, including the sinkigg of American vessels and the loss of American lives on the Lusi- tania and other vessels prior to the entrance of this country into the war. i Members of the Senate' and officials of the State Department are of. the opinion that a beginning of the adjust- ment of these claims may not be made until a supplementary convention has been entercd into between the United States and the other nations provid- ing for the appointment of ‘a claims commission to settle the claims, with representatives of this country and Ger- many, In the casc of Germany, and pos- sibly of some disinterested nation, if de- sired. The treaties just ratified make no provision for the appointment of such | commission to handle these claims. It is believed that to be legally binding a speclal agreement must be entered into for the proposed commissions. The United States has claims against Germany running up to nearly $300,- 000,000 to pay for the subsistence of American troops in the occupied area of Germany since the signing of the (Continued on Third Page.) | Coming to Arms Conference As India's Representative STRINAVAEA SASTRI, man of I whoe is coming to the i ! WASHINGTON, D. C, SUNDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 23, 1921 United States Is Expected to Outline - Proposals for Armament Conference|r.e . BY N. O. MESSENGER. RESIDENT HARDING and Secretary of State Hughes contemplate two important points of difficulty facing the conference on Iimitation of armaments and eonsid- eration of Paciic and far eastern questio They are the satisfaction of France again German aggression, so as to warrant France's reduction of land military defense, and the pro- posal by the United States of a basis for limita- tion of naval strength by the creat powers. Needless to say, there are other perplexini problems ahead, but these two are of Himalayan proportions. Both these statesmen, while not seeing the way clear at present as to details, believe that a solution will be found. Both are giving the subjects their profoundest thought, in which they are joined by other members of the cabi- net, especially Secretary Weeks and Secretary Denby of the War and Navy Departments, re- spectively. * % % X Looming as an ominous obstacle continudus- 1y in the way of furnishing guarantee to France is the opposition in the United States Senate to_this nation becoming entangled in European guarantees or obligations of any kind. The votes in the Senate last Tuesday on proposed amendments to the peace treaty with Germany emphasized the Senate's attitude, not upon the subject directly, but as indicative of a state of mind of both democrats and republicans. And the very same day, in France, Premier Briand was reiterating hig/Gtatement that France must be assured of protection before she can lessen her military strength on land. * % k % Yet. that France would gladly cut it down 18 conceded. Senator McKinley of Iilinois, who has but recently returned from a trip abroad, gave the Senate last week some information upon that point. “France is in a panic of fear —fear of Germany,” said Senator McKinley. “France has a population of 39,000,000, which is decreasing, while Germany has 70,000,000, which is increasing. France now maintains an army of 800,000 men recruited from her 39,000,000 of people. The United States, with three times that population, is groaning under an army of 150,000, or one-fifth that of France. France is keeping up her army of 800,000 men through fear of Germany, and so long as she maintains an army of 800,000 men she can hardly be ex- pected to pay her debts, and certainly will be in poor condition to buy our products. The business situation in Europe cannot become nor- mal—it cannot begin to become normal—until this French-German situation is cleared up.” * % k % That was the business end of the proposi- tion. Another angle was presented by Senator John Sharp Williams of Mississippi. *“You can- not have disarmament and peace in Europe,” he said, “until the French people feel secure. and the French people will never feel secure unless they can control either the left bank of the Rhine, which is a thing unthinkable in justice and right, because its population consists of Germans, in traditions, in ideals, in language, in every other way: or unless these two great powers, Great Britain and the United States, shall agree that they will by force prevent a future unprovoked attack by the German peo- ples in Europe upon the French people there. “You may talk all you please, you may sen- timentalize all you wish, but one of these two things is the alternative; or there may be a third alternative, another world war, out of which we will try to keep and into which we shall unavoidably be plunged. There is no way around it.” Then Senator Williams con- fessed that he was the only senator, so far as he knew, who openly advocated the treaty pend- ing in the Senate to afford such protection. * % ¥ Xk There are the necessities of the situation, the essentials of the proposition. They conflict, and how to reconcile them is one of the big problems which the conference must take up, in the opinion widely held, if limitation of land armaments is to become a practicality. * k X Xk As the United States took the initiative in proposing the conference on limitation of arma- ments, it 18 expected that the nations participat- ing in it will ask, first thing: “Well, what have you to propose as to reduction and limita- tion of present naval strength and future naval construction?” This government expects such a question to be propounded, and is at this time trying to have an answer ready. No admission from any official source has been forthcoming that the answer has been found or prepared. For one thing, there is no reply at hand te the natural inquiry of how much of a navy does the United States think it needs? There are two schools of thought in this country ‘on this subject. One holds that this nation should have a navy “as good as the best navy afloat.” The other, that it should have a navy as small as would be commensurate with national safety. Should the United States maintain a navy only to enforce its one and only foreign policy, the Monroe doctrine; or should it build one to take on possible foreign questions of the future aris- ing out of the growing interests of this country, commercial and territorial, in the Pacific and the far east, and the insistence upon the open door in China? 3 * X ¥ X Officials of this government are wondering what impression has been made upon foreigners and what effect will be produced by the demand in this country for “disarmament” rather than ltmitation of armament. Will the degates come to Washington convinced by what they have heard, thut the people of the United States want the minimum of armament, regardless of what other nations are willing to consent to in the way of limitation? It is pointed out that the only organized propaganda in the United States which has made itself feit. is in behalf of a vast measure of limitaticn,: “disarmament,” in fact, preferably, the world over. The other side of the question has no means of expression, save and beyond the official utterances of President Harding and Secretary Hughes that disarmament is a chimera. - - The point is, will the forelgners think that the official opinion has a backing among the people, or is the utterance of the other side the real volce? * * X ‘When the delegates assemble they will soon find the American delegation to be a unit in support of the stand taken by President Hard- ing and Secretary of State Hughes. Then they will look about them and find present in Wash- ington an aggressive, organized movement in- sisting upon going further than official con- viction now deems possible. Officlals of the government profoundly hope that the nr!ctlal results which they think are possible as an out- come of the conference will not be nullified by the expressions of those who hope for more than the officials know can be obtained. * % ¥ K Reports from abroad are that the impres- sfon prevails in England and France that the conference will be a long-drawn-out affair. The same bellef is held in some important quarters here. The date for the meeting draws rapidly nearer, now only three weeks away, and some of the questions relating to the Pacific and the far east which it had been hoped would be set- tled in advance are still in deadlock. The work ; will.doubtless be subdivided so that consideration of these can go along coincidently with arma- ment limitation in committees. It is regarded as possible that the decisions reached in com- mittees can be counted upon as acceptable to the conference, so that the process of affirma- tion by the main body will be simplified, but, at best, the prospect Is for tedious consideration in the formative stage. * ¥ ¥ ¥ The administration is relieveg that the Ger- man, Austrian and Hungarian peace treaties are out of the way well in advance of the conven- ing of the conference. The next steps in secur- ing the effects of peace will be the exchange of ratificvtions, the proclamation, the appoint- ment of ambassadors and resumption of diplo- matic relations, with the setting up of con- sulates and all the paraphernalia of commercial relations. The Department of State is now at work on these phases. (Copyright, 1921, by The-Washington Star.) ad [SUCCESS OF BUDGET RESTS WITH SENATE power into one master committee, as Concentrating Appropriating Power in One Committee, as the HODSC Has DOZC. BY WILL P. KENNEDY. ] HE Senate now faces the task of doing what Is essential to an effective budget system—con- centration of all appropriating has already been done by the House. , Central control has now been estab- lished in the executive branch of the government, in the budget bureau, un- der control of the President. order to consider that balanced pro- | | propriation bill. Thus the entire finan- | yrouy cuvugn | cial situation of the country—cosis and | i (eail L0r Senuing PensLs wppioprii- | vons Poland, With Fantastic D‘refamls' of Empire, Draws Daily Nearer Abyss of Utter Ruin BY FRANCESCO NITTL KFormer Premter of Italy. HE situation of the ex- changes in almost all the countries of continental Europe has been growing steadlly worse. Some countries, such as Austria, Hungary, Czecho- slovakia, Rumania, etc, are in a very serious condition, and Ger- many herself is on the brink of ruin. There are countries, more- over, whose exchange has practi- cally ceased to exist, such as Po- land. We have watched the rapid soaring of the Greek exchange while the Italian and French ex- changes were correspondingly sink- ing. Although comparatively one of’ the must favored among the continental countiies atter the war, havig a rempvely smail debt aud reat wealth of taen, Italy has fol- 1owed & mistaken treasury policy during the lust twelve months, re- sulting in an excessive and wholly undeserved depreciation. If Italy is fortunate In having a wealth of workers constituting a latent, solid and secure capital even in the throes of an inevitable crisis, she. is also fortunate in that no Italian, even among the most hare-brained optimists, believes that the recon- struction of the nation's wealth and prospegity can be achieved through the enemy indemnity. No persuasion cvuld be more salutary and helpful toward the economic reconstruction ef Europe. I, have carefully collected and analyzed the budgets of the new states which have sprung up on the confines of Russia, and those of the new states which have emerged from the ruins of the Austro-Hun- garian empire, and I confess that I have been at a loss to find my bearings among columns of fan- tastic figures which rendered it al- most. impossible to grasp the real situation. Almost everywhere the sum total amounts to absolute ruin. And the budgets of the Balkan states are about as bad. * % x % But nq country in the world is plunged in so absurd a quandary as Poland: her paper currency can now only be taken “for internal use,” as it is not worth the paper it is printed upon in any other market of Europe. The budget for the year 1921 submitted to the Polish parliament on the 28th of July Is so ludicrously absurd as to constitute a record in the financial history of the world. The income, chiefly fictitious, of 185,166,000,000 marks, was set off by an outlay of 208,961,000,000 marks. The latter figure -at the normal pre-war rate of exchange, would have sufficed not only to pay the current ex- penses of all the states of Europe, but to wipe out their public debt. Taken-as a type, Poland .is the ‘most. pathological phenomenon . in - the complicated maze.of European -| tente.would prove that.for her, s, ! anxiety, for they feel politics. She is a country crum- | Lling plecemeal to ruin, day by day, while dreaming dreams of empire. She s a population of 31,000,000 inhabitants, one-third of whom have been unjustly assigned to her, and she has visions and cravings after greatness. Who can make her aware of her mistake, or harness her rampant dream? * X X ¥ From a financial point of view, Poland is practically dead. The majority of her citizeny aim only at becoming state employes in order to live and batten on the state, which has no resource left but to print paper money, keeping the presses going day and night. Agricultural and mining production is In a state of absoiute decay; every form of aclivity saows indi- cations of decline. lLiverywhere mouey is spent more frecty aad Work rendered more sparinsty. Despite these disasirous condi- tions, Poland is now maintaining an army unumerically equal to the armies of Great Biitain and Itaiy put together. From a numerical point of view the Polish army holds second place in Burope, coming immediately after France. Instead of seeking to, pacify and organize the terri- tories for. the most part wrongly handed over to her by the peace treaty, Poland obstinately asserts her claims on Upper Silgsia. It 1s one of those clauns whicn wil shortiy serve to prove - -xteut of luurope s toily in i ecaatation of the war. 3 s E x Article 88 of the treaty of Ver- | sailles laid down that Upper Silesia | was to be given, after u plebiscite, to the country favored by popular | suffrage. The plebiscite was car- ried out against the Germans and with every violence of armed bands; nevertheless, as could easily be foreseen, .it proved favorable to them. The Polish situation has grown so much worse that if a new plebiscite were now carried out it would be seen that even territories not strictly German would be glad to detach themselves from Poland, whose misery and disorder are only comparable to those prevail- ing_in bolshevik Russia. Not knowing_how to exploit the great “wealth of her mines, and seeing her production steadily decreasing, Poland ignores the pleblscite and lays violent claims on Upper Si- ‘lesia, which represents not only & right ofiGermany, but her great- est resource,” almost - 44,000,000 tons of coal (in'the year befors the war), enormous quantitiey of zinc, lead, etc. What would Poland do if, disregarding the. most ele- mentary principles 8¢ honesty and all faith in treaties, she were to »obtain Upper .Silesia? The en- for imperial Germany before the war, treatiés are nothing but bits of paper, and Poland would trans- form one of the territories of Europe which have most speedily progressed into & miserable field of ruins and desolation. Adven- turers such as Korfanty may spread violence and terror under the protection of the troops, but they cannot work a mine or put in motion a single one of the colos- sal electric plants of Upper Silesia. But Poland, not contenit with hdv- ing obtained all that was not in Wilson's proclamations territories which did not’ belong; to her and rights to which she dould lay no claim, such as those o the city of territories Danzig, drcams of n; in Ukrainia and of Polish state extending from the Baltic to the’ Bluck 1t is a veritable hyper- trophy of nationalism. Every day she dreams of new enterprises and increases her army. * K ok X It this army were to be used against bolshevik Russia it would be justifiable, because nobody be- lleves in the guod intentions of the Russian government, and in any case it would be a question.of self-detense. But ‘this enormous army. is aimed especiully amatrst Germany to Provoke, o create. con- fusion, to promoce and maintain revoits. <oty Germany has carried out th. military clauses o1 the ire: taut was all that she could be pecied W du. Mer wriny bus o reduced to 100,000 poweriul feet nothing at 4l re- mains. . - 3 But Poland has an army five or six times more numerous, and Ger- many's foes have now under arms, collectively, more men than beiore the war. Poland represenfs in the most iypical mauner the aberradon .and degeneracy of war f(deas. She is being driven straight to ruin by an equally intense hatred for the two most numerous peoples of Eu- rope, the Russian and the German. Her only safety would lie in a loyal and friendly entente Wwith Germany to develop all her re- sources, which she cannot exploit owing to incapacity. Instead of which she does nothing But pro- voke Germany: If the imperig] at- titude of the powerful can be borne or at least Is less offensive, the - arrogance and persistent - provocation of a feeble state Mly able to stand on its legs is’ @bso- lutely intolerable. * kK The rancor and” hatred’ of . er- many and of the other states bor- dering on Poland are constantly on the increase. What will be the final result of so many mistakes? All the most intelligent men of " Europe’. are - in _the ' greatest , and 01t liberation of oppressed peoples, a ' cordial understanding with the vanquished, an end to the situa- tion created by each other and of which one, being armed, claims from the other which is unarmed that which it cannot possibly give, can only be obtained in a spirit of peace, wherein lies the salvation of. the world, and. that the great ideas of justice and solidarity, be- sides beihg a moral duty, are the only means of aveiding death and dissolution. reduced to the condition of brutes and who do not live in the hatred of their enemies see clearly be- All those who are not fore them, as an impending mén- ace, the sad spectacle of imperial- isuc Polund, which, after having suffered oppression, wishes to practice oppression with less fu- teiligence thau its former rulers, and crumbles into destruction and ruin. Np contrast could Le more tragical than that between a fc- titlous greatness and a real and growing musery. Each of the victors in the world conflict has more or less betore mm the specter of Poland. Per- haps the sight of so much con- fusion and of such irseparavle yuin will open iheir eyes to tie reaiity of the situat | | | | %uuxfiuwu DEAL . (Copsright ) ARMS PROGHANS I8 UNFLICT | ¢tusez Suust Be Chan,w-d in Order I That Hota Evcnts Can Take H Piace Novewber 11. isram grams confiict. cause further delay. Uffteials In charge of arrangements .ur the limitations of armaments con- j rerence and those making the pro- for the exercises in honor of the American unknown soldier dead and Armistice day werq worried yester- day.as to how the two events could be arranged without having the pro- The military escort for the unknown dead was scheduled to leave the Capi- tol, with President Harding and cabi- {net members at its head, at 8:30 the morning of November 11. Those ex- erciscs would continue ‘el into the afternoon in the amphitheater at Ar- Mngton, and then lunchéon for the distinguished visitors, including dele- gates to the arms conference, would While the opening session of the conference would, in- the opinion of some officials,. be more appropriately held in the'morning and adjournment taken out of respect to’the Ameri- can unknown dead and in recognition or Armistice day celebrations in the allied nations, it seemed impossible to meet before 8 am. in order to avoid conflict with'the other program. In this ‘event, it was thought probable that the ixitial meeting of the tonfer- o ence’ would bé postporied- until late that _the - | in the afternoon-of Armistice day. - i 29 Al re- quests for appropriations must filter through the budget bureau, so that the director general, under supervision of the President, can harmonize the re-| quests of the various departments and independent establishments, and pre- sent a balanced proposal to Congress. The House has put its machinery in posal through a single appropriating committee, which has been reorganized into various subcommittees to vise these proposals departmentally. The next improvement in budget ma-+| chinery is for the Séhate to complete its machinery for unified handling of the budget by establishing centralized con- trol of appropriating jurisdiction in that body. One Comprehensive Bill. Eventually the budget system, as per- fected, will call for ail estimates of ex- penditures to go to Congress in one pro- posal, arranged deparimentaily. Ateer consmderation in committee ail appro- priutions would come before the Huuse in one comprehensive bill which would { show all the costs of runmng Uncle Sam’s workshop in one layowt. Then the money-raising blus—uarift and in- leTnal revenue or taxation—would be brought before the Congress in onc measure, to be balanced agust the ap- | revenue to pay the costs—could be shown in comparison. mittee on appcpriations nandles nva bills—legislative, District of Colum- bia, fortifications, sundry wivil and deficiencies. There is practically the same situation in the Senate now as existed in the House prior to con- solidation of all appropriating au- thority in one master committee, ex- cept that there is a further distribu- tion in the Senate, where the pension bill goes to the pensions committee, while In the House it was handled by the general appropriations committee, Rule 16 for the Senate procedure pro- vides for the distribution of appro- priation bills to specific committees as follows: Agricultural biil, to the committee on agriculture, Army and Navy, to the miMtary and naval com- mittees; diplomatic, to foreign affairs, Indian, to the Indian afairs commit- tee, pensions, to pensions; post office, to post office, and post roads commit- tees, and rivers and harbors, Lo tue commerce committee. Senator Curtis of Kansas, chair- man of the comumittee on indian af- fairs and a memoer of Lie appropria- tions, tinance and rules commitices, has introduced a resowtion calling for centralized control of all appro- priations by a single commiitee. tiven when this is done there must be 4 subcommittee reorganization aiong the same departmental lines as has been estected 1n the House. As matters now stand if the House sent across an appropriation bill to the Senate tnere wouid be no com- mittee to which it coutd be properly referred. ror example, one sSubcom- mittee of the House appropriacions committee Wil drait a bul for als tue 4CLVILES Cf Lie interior Department. Taere 1s no Senate comunitee with Junsdicaon (o take CUUrge vl tns bl lue Scuate ruies O e Polsivns Cottuiaee aid A long step toward this most efficient ( inusan app1opiaiivus 1o Lue And.an form of budget sysiem may be taken within the next few months, on the initiative of the House appropriations | committee. Serious consideration is being given to the economic efficiency of bringing all the supply bills, or ap- propriation bills, before the House in one co-ordinated and balanced general appropriation budget for the entire federal service. _The leaders who are behind this proposal emphasize that this is the first time that a balanced budget of estimates for expenditures will come from the.executive branch, and that Congress can well give the people of the country a chance to see, all in one picture, what the cost of government is and the relationship of expendi- tures of one depactment to those of another as compared with the grand total. Even if this is not done with the appropriation bills for the fiscal year 1923, leaders say that it is certain to be adopted the year following. Strong effort will be made, however, to have this advanced step taken now toward perfecting the budget system. Necessity Faced by Semate. As it is now, the House has taken leadership for budget reform away from the Senate, and the upper body, customarily so self-sufficient and Jealous of its prerogatives, is in the position of being compelled to re- organize along lines laid down by the House. Appropriation measures orig- inate in the House, and as matters now stand, unless the Scnate reor- ganizes its appropriation machinery in practically the same way the House has, there will be no place to! which the appropriation measures can properly be referred when they come HUAITS cotmiitee, and indian but Loth pensivus APPIOPCIALIVLS dre VLY & part of tae Werior Deparament bl The Senate rules call for sending the sundry civil appropriation bill to the general appropriations committee, but there is to be no sundry civil bill sent {over by the House, because items previously carried in this bill are to be co-ordinated with other depart- ment activities with which they are closely related. So the Senate rules are knocked to smithereens. This is all on the supposition that the appropriation measures are to go to the Scnate as separate bills—but they may go as one big co-ordinated bill, and in that event there would be even more need for a centralization 1of authority in one Senate appropria- i tions committee. It Co-Ordinated Budget. Bills carrying all the appropria- tions for any one department of the federal service are to be handled in the House by a special subcommittee. It is urged that if they are reported in one harmonious whole by the ap- propriations committee the relation- ship of appropriations for each de- Fartment can be balanced against those for other departments, and with reference to the total to be appro- priated, S0 that every phase of the g.overnment‘s myriad activities can be given its relative importance and pro- portionate share of the total Uncle ;Sam has to spend. 1If this co-ordinat- | ed budget goes to the Senate and is split up among nine different com- mittees without consideration of the relationship of these actlvities, the balance of the budget could not be preserved. because these committees, acting independently of each other, over from the House. The Senate now has nine appro- priating committees. Eight of these handle one bill aplece. and the com- Famous Aystrian Surgeon To Treat Poor in America DR. ADOLF LORENZ, Who says his plan to come to the United States and treat poor children is “Just a drop in the bucket of Aus- trinn appreciation of ~ Amera " Prof. Lorens o known for his orthopedic surgery, which cures even posed incurables. He alse In using many mew methods which he will «how to American surxeons. Hix trestment will be mainly of poor Americans who m“:llbz.‘:l:ltfl an expensive operation. pre- wvious visit Dr. Lorems treated and cured Misx Lolita Armour, daughter) of the Chicago pa and conducted a free clinjc in New York, where he treated, without cost, many peor vie- Alms_af. dread o T R, wouid not consider the relationship of the dcpartments to one another and to the budget as a whole, Forward-looking leaders in both the Semate and House feel that if all ap- propriations can be dovetailed into fone ;:-o;;c:lnl'ted bill a real budget | eved—and not until then :will there be a real budget system. The necessity for reorganization in |the Senate is meeting with many qiffi- ‘culties. In the House there were only seven appropriating committees, with = total rhembership of 147 out of 435 members of the House. A careful {ehecking up in the Senate shows that ithere are now only eight senators who are not on some appropriating {committee, and some of them are on !lwu and three such appropriating i committees. These men naturally are averse to losing any of their pres- tige &s members of appropriating committees. With two vacancies, this lleuve. elghty-six senators on the ipresent committees that have juris- diction over money bills. There are sixteen members of the present Sen- ate appropriations committee. This leaves seventy senators whe by & reorganization would stand to lose sonie of thelr prestige. The way the House appropriations committee is divided into subcommit- tees to handle the supply measures for the’ various departments, and which it is hoped and expected the Senate will follow, is as follows: Sub- committees on—the Treasury De- partment, District of Columbla, War Department, legislative establish- ment, Past Office Department, Depart- ment of Agriculture, independent of- fices, Interior Department, Navy De- purtment, ' departments of Commerce and Labor, departments of State and Justice and deficlencies. NAMED POR LIBERIAN POST. - Solomon Porter Hood of New Jersey was nominated yesterday by President Harding . to . be minister resident and consul general in Liberia.