Evening Star Newspaper, February 6, 1921, Page 35

TERMS TO GERMANY |De THE SUNDAY STAR, FEBRUARY 6, 1921—PART 9.’ ploring Severity of Germany’s Penalty, PLANS TO RELIEVE NOT OPEN TODEBATE| - Harden Concedes Its Essential Justice NATIONS IN POVERTY Viviani Declares Provision Has Been Made by Allies for Means. of Enforcing "the Decrees. =3 BY RENE VIVIANI, Former Premier of France. Special Cable Dispatch to The Star. PARIS, February 5.—Once more the deep-rooted friendship of the allied peoples has been reflected in the solidarity of their governments. The somewhat sharp discussions at the first sessions of the Paris conference should not for a moment have raised the fear that the conference would break up in discord. The allied peo- ples fought the war in common and found themselevs inspired by almost a common soul, and even if their governments were hostile, which is untrue, the peoples are so entirely harmonious that they would prevent any disunity. These peoples have examined the future and counted the risks inherent to agreement or rupture and they have realized that only through unity can they obtain the satisfaction stip- ulated in the treaties. Thus, reason. as well as sentiment, has been Ser Ly that great spirit of worid de: racy which, though it does not know everything, knows the art of heart- to- heart communication. Indeed, the allied peoples look still further; they realize that world peace must be founded on a final basis because the war would be without a decision and without a moral if it had not taught this lesson of justice. Consequently they never doubted that an agreement would be reached by their plenipo- tentiaries. Net Propositions to Germany. The publication of the conference's resolution is followed by Germany's official opinion, expressed in the reichstag by von Simons, after it was foreshadowed by the indignant pro- tests of the German press. We are for interminable discussions. nor that those who for two years have been under the burden of enormous taxa- tion will tolerate a continuance of this comedy which soon would be- come a tragedy. “Germany Must Pay.” The resolutions plainly fix the total of reparations. Germany deems them excessive, but it was not expected that she would consider them ac- ceptable. It is quite true that the figure is one which before the war was beyond imagination, but also before the war nobody could have imagined the mad massacre of de- struction which German imperialism inflicted on France and the world by destroying _our ten departments (French districts), which economi- cally represents from one-half to two-thirds of the wealth of France. The Germans gave no thought to the reparations which they would have to make. Filled with the pride and contempt of justice that marks all their history. they thought they would win and impose demands themselves. Germany played and lost and must pay. Effect of Export Tax. American public opinion seems d turbed. not because we are exerci ing our rights—parenthetically, we lose because we don't claim the whole total of our damages—but be- cause of the 12 per cent tax on ex- port, which, if I am not mistaken, now amounts to 10,000.000 francs an- nually. The only just plan, how- lever, is one allowing for both Ger- many's present lack of treasury funds, and her future paying capac- ity, which has been developing sur- prisingly since the armistice. Germany, preparing for voluntary bankruptcy, pretends the state is poor, but she has many rich citizens and ‘one needs only to look at the dividends declared by the big com- panies to realize how Germany's in- dustrial and commercial life is re- suming. indifferent to Germany's fury and in- dignation, and we are not taken in by this comedy, following the other comedy which has been running two years, consisting of an effort by Ger- many to convince the world of her distress. Von Simons regards the Paris resolutions as propositions made by the entente to Germany. Nat- wrally, if they were propositions, the door would be open to counter prop- ositions. But they are something else. Tne time for discussion is over—the hour for action is here, and proof that it was not a question of propo- sitions to be rejected or modified is the allied provision for means of en- forcement in case Germany does not execute the decrees. Hlence Germany cannot have the il- Burden on the War Rich. Thus, the object of this plan is to make the German citizens of this generation, especially the directors of the great industries, who were the prime authors of the war, bear a share of the reparations burdens, particularly since they themselves were enriched by the war. If it is asserted that Germany, to effect the payments, will rdise the prices of her exports, we answer that she would do similarly if she obtain- ed the money by increased taxes, and this would force higher the prices of everything. Anyhow, it is the best means for us to avoid being the victims of this situation. Let's see what happens. Jusion that she may gain more time SHIPS OF GERMANY SAILONMANY SEAS Despite Handicaps an In- tensive Drive Is Being Made to Regain Trade. " HAMBURG, Germany, Februasy &.— Despite lack of tonnage, shortage of coal, labor troubles and a depreciated the minds of an overwhelming ma- | Former president of currency, German shipping interests have begun an intensive campaign to re- pre-war sea trade. Millions of marks have already gone into important shipbuilding contracts. ‘vive IRISH STILL OBEY (Copyright, 1921, by The Washington Star.) RULE OF SINN FEIN Dail Eireann Parliament Con- finues as Dominant Author- ity in Country. DUBLIN, February 5.—The dail eireann, the Sinn Fein parliament, in Jority of the Irish people continues as the dominant—the only legitimate— authority in Ireland. It is treated s an authoritative body. Nomne of the municipal or county bodies which BY MAXIMILIAN HARDEN. Germany’s Foremost Public| By Cable to The Star. BERLIN, February 5.—When you, my boy. whom we are baptizing today without clergy- man or church ceremony, are in your fortieth year, have grown-up children and the first gray hairs from your temples, even then your fatherland will not be debtor’s jail, wherein for the last twenty-seven months he has been imprisoned. For, during forty_-two vears, many billions are to be paid to your conquerors—some years, later, six. Even if your little head, already seamed and wrinkled like that of an old three billion man, from the suffering and misery such a mountain of figures, even banker, whose reckoning had Christ’s birth. * %k k ¥ statistics, always comes the same melody; the “Germany was the attacker; blooming countrysides into desert Urges United States and Get Together” 2 your tiny bed, could understand the figures, we should not advise you to reckon the total of these debts. Two hundred and twelve, or four hundred and twenty-four billion marks. Even an experienced banker can hardly distinguish between such sums. For these marks are to be gold, while we, poor beggars, have only paper, and we shall have to print ten paper marks to make one imaginary gold mark. So two hundred and twelve are to us 2,120.000,000,000, and before climbers of the great banks are breathless. When Germany, in 1871, demanded five bil- lion francs from France, the French represen- tatives said that only a person who began count- ing at the birth of Christ could ever finish count- ing such a huge sum, and Bismarck answer that therefore he had brought along a Jewish not like those cf an old phonograph record: she changed LORD ASHFIELD, the English Board of Trade and prominently known throughout the ited States, who advoeates an “Anglo-American Ket-together” commitiee, the purpowe of which would be to effect closer and friendller reiations between the two Hugo Stinnes, reputed to be the|pledged allegiance to it have with- |countries. wealthiest man in the new republie and heayy shareholder in a number of hipping companies, is reported to be attempting o extend -his influence, Shich is now the controling factor in the German East Africa line and the Woerman line, and an important factor {p the atfairs of the Hamburg-American .. Regular _ steamship _services with America, South America, East Africa, Mexico, Cuba, Spain, Portugal, Aus: tralia, and Mediterranéan and Scandina- Vian ports have been re-established, and the North sea, Baltic and Rhine trafic has assumed a new and lively aspect. Handicapped by shortage of ships, the Germans have turned their attentién to conversion of warships to commercial Usages, to construction of motor ships out of ‘sailing vessels and to the study of oil fuel as a substitute for the more expensive coal fuel. Activity at Hamburs. Revival of German commerce is indi- cated by the increased number of ships calling at the more important pol During the first eleven months of 192 4.369 vessels, of a tonnage of 3,892.240. arrived at Hamburg, as compared with 1,854 vessels and 1.303.629 tons in 1919 and 13.875 vessels of 13.006.426 tons in the first eleven months of 1913. The majority of these vessels, how- ever, are sailing under foreign flags. Sir Alfred Booth's Comment. LONDON, February 5.—Sir Alfred ‘Booth, chairman of the Cunard Ship- ping Company, is of the opinion that up to a certain point Germany is bound to recover her shipping posi tion. While it is true,” he stated in an fnterview here, “that Germany has to start again practically from the be- ginning, it is also true that the be- gnning has already been made. “The newly issued German Shipping Annual tells the world that nine Ger- man steampship lines are again at work plying to the two Americas andl to Mexico, to India and the Dutch Indies, to Scandinavia. Cuba and the Mediterranean, the Baltic, even to Antwerp and to England. “The rumor that a further 200.000 tons of shipping is soon to go to Ger- many may be but a rumor,” added Sir Arthur. “Certainly it is partly by blending chartered foreign steamers with the handful that was left to them under the provisions of the Versaill treaty, partly by an alliance betw Germans with experience and no sl and Americans with ships and no éx perience, Germany is preparing to re- turn to her old place in the shipping world.” Sir Arthur Booth said th: the chances of Germany's success de- pended on whether those who held the fleld now made the most of their opportunities. * . WELCH MINERS PAID HIGH Some Receive as Much as a Thou- sand Pounds Yearly. CARDIFF., Wales, February 65— Some coal miners of South Wales are being paid as high as £1,000 « year, while wages amounting to £700 to £500 are fairly common. Despite this the government is having difficulty in collecting income taxes from the miners. Last year nearly 15000 of them were summoned for non-payment, but only twelve of this number were committed to prison. _— EXPEDITION FOR OXFORD. OXFORD, Eng. February 5.—Ox- ford University is organizing an ex- pedition to Spitzbergen, to start early this year. for the purpose of making geographical discoveries on several of the highest peaks which have not yet been climbed. The Evening Standard says the party will consist of ll’x lms;l. "ho wu mh.k. blhh Jour- ney inlan: rom e bay me: of sledges and siis. e drawn from that position. The dall eireann’s instructions are obeyed by these subsidiary bodles, and all dealings with the Irish local government board, which represents the British government, are barred. For this reason the board is unable to make its customary audit of coun. ty and city accounts. The result is increasing difficulty in every dis- trict. Two Sets of Instructions. “Rate,” or tax, collectors are faced with two sets of instructions—one from British government representa- tives, or the local government board; the other from local Sinn Fein au thority. A king’s bench decree, de- signed to compel these collectors to obey the law, has been unavailing. Obedience of-crown instructions, in many cases, would doubtless bring severe punishment, if not death, to the collector. Tax collecting, needless to say. is not brisk. The balances in enable authorities to maintain public institutions. In Sligo banks have vefused to permit overdrafts, and there is no money to pay the con- tractors, who are, therefore. with- drawing their services. Patients in hospitals are without sufficient food and the inmates of the poorhouse are in a similar plight. Suxgestions Are Approved. The chairman of the board of al- dermen approved the suggestion of dail eireanp that leading men of the city be asked to advance £50 each to relieve the situation, but there ‘Was no response. In Queens county the greater part of the taxes of the county, amount- ing to about £60,000, remains uncol- lected, and the resources of the county are exhausted, _involving serious consequences to the lunatic asylum and several hospitals. The county council at its meeting re- solved to ask the advice of dail eireann. They have no doubt of its ability to meet, and are willing to act upon its instructions. At _Bray, an important seaside suburb within twelve miles of Dub- lin, an attempt was made by a mem- ber of the town council to Eet out of financial troubles by rescinding resolution acknowledging alle- glance to dail eireann, but he did not find a seconder. NEW. IDEA UNIVERSITY. Hawaijans Propose One With Fields as ‘“Classrooms.” HONOLULU, T. H., February 5.— Application for a charter for a pan- Pacific University, whose ‘“class- rooms” will be the sugar and pine- apple flelds and other centers of in- dustry throughout the islands, hi been ‘approved by the territorial a torney general and passed to Gov. Charles J. McCarthy for his signature, Alexander Hume Ford, secretary of the Pan-Pacific Union, with headquar- ters in Honolulu, and some of the leading men of ' the territory are among the incorporators. Work will be begun, according to the charter, in the labor camps on all the islands of the group. Its in- structors will be sent to the students instead of waiting for the students come to them. —_—— GEDDES NOT TO RESIGN. LONDON, February 5.—Rum; t Sir Auckland Geddes, British t)"r:h:.S sador to the United States, was con- templating his resignation from that post, which were received here from New York yesterday, were today em- phatically denied by his secretary. ‘The reports ‘we:e erized as “nonsense” and the secretary added l’h#kszr-A‘}l‘lelud 'o:l‘fl sail ior New o_linec.Aquitania on- iTuary-15. = iocal oitreniurleu are proving insufficient ml-dmmed to the sick chamber. Only should leave Holland. GERMAN EX-EMPRESS IS BETTER, BUT STH.L ABED Former Kaiser and Coterie Lead a Quiet Life at Doorn. By Cable to The Star and Chieago Daily News. Copyright, 1921, AMSTERDAM, Holland, February 5.—The condition of the German ex- empress is slightly improved, but she the former kaiser visits his consort several times each day and, sitting near the bed, he tells her the main political news. The exiled Hohenzollern court is now quite isolated, and the liveliness of the first few months has been succeeded by great monotony. The former kaiser never leaves the Huls- te-noorn, but confines himself to walking within the limits of the large garden. From time to time he receives visits from old Berlin friends, but only a small part of his former admirers and courtiers take much ingerest in him. The Wlilage of Doorn, however, now | 100ks upon the former kaiser ‘as a welcome guest, owing to' the fact that the tax upon his residence has increased the town income by- $13,265, which is 25 per cent of the entire municipal tax receipts. The recent sensational stories about the kaiser planning to return to Germany are unfounded. More- over, the Dutch government .has never expressed a wish that the for- mer kalser or his son at Wieringen It is under- stood, however, that the number of detectives and guards watching the Doorn residence has been reinforced considerably in order to prevent the Hohenzollerns from misusing _the right of asylum by taking part in any revolutionary plot on Dutch ter- ritory. —_— FICTION IN HIGH FAVOR. 11,004 New Books Published in United Kingdom in Year. LONDON, February 5.—Fiction in 1920 ran first in public favor in the United Kingdom as it did in 1914. Sociology now comes second, in- stead of religion, which held that place in 1914. Juvenile literature has displaced science for the third place, and tech- nology comes fourth. Then follow, in order, religion, science, poetry, history, medicine, de- scription and biography. Literature comes last in the 1ist of twelve lead- ing subjects. In the year just ended 11,004 new books were published in the United Kingdom; an increase of 2,382 com- pared with ‘the previous year. This brings British publishing almost back to pre-war level. The foregoing analysis was compiled by the Publish- ers’ Circular and Booksellers' Record. MOORS ATTACK SPANISH POST. MADRID, February 4. — Moorish forces attacked outlying Spanish positions at Sheshuan, Morocco, last night, killing a corporal and’ four soldiers, said a report from. the high commissioner of 0CCO.To~ cetved here today. still keeps to her bed and few are|sion projects. are pulling free of the feasts, mpartial business man surrounding ruin.” the Alpine agreed upon in Paris. begun at * ¥ %k ok When you reach high school they will try to prove to you, by comparing industrial trade what wonderful progress humanity made in our century. But only if the world re- mains the same as on your baptismal day, will there be the gray and white world judges, who, from time to time, get together, and from whom same words waste, cre- U. S. SOUGHT RUSSIAN BASE IN CASE OF WAR, LENIN SAYS Red Leader Ready to Lease Ka;lmchatka for Use of Na.vy Against Japan—Van- derlip Named as American Envoy. BY PAUL SCOTT MOWRER. By Cable to The Star and Chicago Daily News. Copyright, 1921. PARIS, February 4.—How the Rus- sian soviets have been trying to ne- gotiate through an lionaire,” presumably Washington Vanderlip, for the sale or lease of Kamchatka to the United States as a base for the latter in case of war with Japan is told in a speech made by Lenin at the end of last December be- fore the secretaries of the local sec- tions of the communist party in Mos- cow. A copy of this speech has been received through underground chan- nels. -Its authenticity is vouched for by Gregor Alexinsky and M. Bourt- seff. “I have bheen asked,” ssid Lenin, “what I think of concessions. Let me gay a few words on this subject. John Spargo, who is an American s0- cialist, of the same kind as our Alexinsky, hating the bolsheviki fu- Tiously, has said in one of his works that concessions demonstrate the fail- ure of bolshevism. Our menshevists say the same thing. Let us state the problem as it really is. Who caused this fajlure? We or the western bour- geolsie? The world revolution has not been realized as yet, but we have not been conquered, either. Militarism 1s falling to pieces while we are get- ting stronger all the time. It is not we, but they, who have caused this failure. They are trying to tame us now by means of & commercial treaty. So long as the world revolution is still unrealized bourgeois capital can be useful to us. As we are a poor coun- try economically we can hasten the development of ‘our production oy means of bourgeois capital. Quotes “American Millionaire.” “ t there are two comces- o ajects. Ome goncerns the con- of Kamchatka for ten years. f\':!k'::mc-n millionaire came to us and spoke to us very frankly regard- BUDAPEST Z00 ANIMALS DYING OF STARVATION Food Necessary to Keep Them Alive Is Reported Needed for Humans. BUDAPEST, February 6.—Eighty per cent of all the animals in the once famous zoological garden of this city have died from starvation, for the food necessary to keep them alive is needed for humans. All of the seals have perished. They depended on salt water fish, and when the supply ran out a few weeks ago the seals became 1l and died, one after another. Every cage has been thinned of fts inmates except the monkey cage, but comparatively few of them having died This tribe is still lively and its mem- bers manage to act natural on what is thrown to them by the few people who have time from food and fuel worries to visit the place. Budapest's dying zoo is only a re- minder of what is happening all around-it. The beautiful central park in which it stands is neglected. The sidewalks are full of holes and the trees and shrubs are untrimmed. Budapest's finest monument at the park entrance, from which the com- munists, during their occupation of the city, removed statues of seven Hapsburg_kings, shows evidence of decay. The statue of George Wash- ington, nearby, erected by Hungarian patriots, is intact. - Hundreds of splendid buildings in Budapest's broad streets have lost their old-time brightness and there are great gaps in the walls left by the falling soft sandstone decorations. The streets are muddy and seldom cleaned and all of the vehicles which pass through them, except the motor cars of the foreign missions, have a appearance. The street cars ::-‘:m lighted and weather-beaten. EX-EMPRESS DEPRESSED. Augusta Victoria Showing Great Restlessness at Doorn. DOORN, Holland, February 5.—For- mer Empress Augusta Victoria of Germany is suffering periods of de- pression and shows great restlessness, says a bulletin issued at the House of Doorn, the home of the former em- ror and empress. These are said to e the most remarkable symptoms shown by the patient, but the bulle- tin adds that her general condition is one of paintul suffering, with a con- tinual slow declige, . which is jnvari- ably serious. ated armies of cripples, widows and orphans, and after her defeat she signed a treaty promis- ing to compensate all loss. Jects all demands as impossible of fulfillment— even those whose subsequent fulfiliment proves to the contrary—she does not make a single proposal herself, but is again flirting with mon- archism, militarism and revenge, is again glori- fying Wilhelm and von Bethman-Hollweg, and spending enormous sum# on imported luxuries, horse racing, champagne, tea, coffee, etc. makes no attempt to conceal her sumptuous while thousands of her children are living on foreign charity. For all these reasons we must act energetically to force payment. Any dupe who let himself be called a leech and hyp- ocrite by the self-same man who squandered his money, and who, whenever he was asked to pay, repeated the same litany about misery and * X X ¥ That is unanswerable. The conquerors de- mand about & hundred billion marks, Germany had already offered, with reservations, at Versailles, and they declare the depreciation of the German currency, which makes a great difference between gold and paper marks, is not their fault. But, as we are unable to pay im- mediately, the payment is spread over forty-two vears, which, with Interest, makes the figures 1 For the purpose of controlling German ex- port trade and preventing dumping, a ceent tax is imposed, which not only provides an income for our creditors, but permits their interference with German trade. ‘Whoever has a sense of duty and sees the necessity of alleviating in every possible way the terrible devastation in northern France and the result of other horrors, will not deny the Justice of this reasoning. With the help of Ger- man experts, it must be proved that the amount of damage has been correctly reckoned. No just man will dispute that the proceeds of the ex. port tax and the amounts already paid should be subtracted from the total. If we were freed “American mil- | Chatka to the United States he will occupation, Inasmuch as she re- annuity and who is striv She debts. That would call a creditor a / Thinking and blowing because we raw materials without further then could manage the next five years with the quiet conscience of a poor but industrious man of the crushing and bitter burden of foreign and could borrow from America, with the approval of the allies, who would be entitled to supervise our exterior finances, about two billlon dollars, enabling us to pay our first purchase necessary foodstuffs and inflation, we ing with all his might to repay his we must pay about three billion marks yearly, must have been clear to every- body, and now we must, by our earnest work and economical life, overcome the discrepancy between gold and paper marks. * X %k X about years beyond 1926 and 1927, the trumpets of moral indignation must carry mountainous burdens from 1932 to 1963, seems senseless to me. Hu- manity is e are built for e for the old. tente’s imagination, of dumping bered. true face of 12 per 1 am not qu ever, weigh the time wh a word of h: ardent wish | ing a treaty which was proposed to us, saying “in particular that the United States wanted to have an Asiatic base against the eventuality of a war with Japan. This million- aire says that if we will sell Kam- guarantee that there will be great enthusiasm for us in_the United States and that the United States will recognize the soviet power, but if we merely bind over Kamchatka for ‘a certain time the enthusiasm will be less great. *“This milllonaire has now gone to tell the United States that soviet Russia 18 not what the people over there have thought. Up to the pres- ent we have triumphed over the bourgeoisie throughout the world be- cause it was unable to remain united and because the treaties of Brest- Litovak and Versailles disintegrate it. The hatred which separates Japan | and the United States is growing. We are profiting thereby and are pro-{ posing to rent out Kamchatka in-| stead of giving it away for nothing. | Japan already has taken a large piece of territory from us by mili- | i .' i tary force, and, instead of running ai risk, it is much better for us to cede Kamchatka on a lease and receive in return a part of its products. the | more §0 as We ourselves can neither dispose of nor utilize Kamchatka. “Agreement Not Yet Signed.” “Our agreement with the United States is not vet signed. but the Japanese are aiready talking about it with flerce hatred. By such agree- ments we can aggravate the discord which already exists between our enemies. Concessions do not mean peace for us. They mean war. but war under another and more advan- tageous form. Concessions are a continuation of war on economic grounds. Our path is fixed steadily toward international revolution. This path is not_ straight; it proceeds by zig-zags. We have weakened the bourgeoisie and it will never con- quer us by arms. Formerly they even forbade us to engage in com- munist propaganda, but today this is simply ridiculous. They are in a state of internal decomposition and this makes us even stronger.” PRINCE OF WALES FINDS LINE OF TYPE IS HOT Royal Visitor Is Shown Through | the Plant of the Lon- | don Times. LONDON, February 5.—The Prince of Wales has just been initiated into the complexities of modern newspa- per production by visiting the offices of the Times and following a plece of copy from an editor’s desk through the composing, proofreading and stereotyping rooms. Then he pressed the starting button of a mammoth oc- tuple \press and saw the article re-| produced in print. The first folded paper which camc from the roaring machins was handed the royal visitor, who smiled as he saw on the front page a picture of himself with a caption stating that he had started the machinery which prigted it. Throughout his inspection of the many departments of the grcat news- paper office, the prince kert up a rapidfire of questions which showed his keen interest in the art uf news- paper making. He marveled at the ability of “make-up” men to read type upside down and failed to recognize a three- column “cut” of himself In the form he was endeavoring to read. In the composing room he picked up a slug of type as it came from a machine, but found it too hot to hold. The prince is the second heir o the throme to visit Printing House square. In 1863, the late King Edward, than Prince of Wales. muie a siniiar ia- spection of the Times' plunt. —_— FINDS TIGERS EASY GAME. Ex-Premier Clemenceau Talks of ‘His India Hunting Trip. PARIS, February 5.—Former Pre- mier Clemenceau, the “tiger of France,” found the tigers of India easy game. Writing to a friend about the two he bagged at the foot of the Himalayas in northern India, Clemen- ceau said: “These tigers did not put up much of & fight. I shall refrain from killing any more lest I run afoul of the So clety of Prevention of Cruelty to Tame Animals,” GERMAN WANTS DAMAGES. Thinks U. S. Should Pay for Shoot- ver changing. Houses which today r the young will not be habitable By 1926, indeed, the whole world will have quite a different aspect and the day when Briand's clever staging inflexible unity and offered a ladder of brilliant rungs of figures to the French insured the en- acob’s while lifting from the British lions already graying mane at least the one burden competition, will hardly be remem- In the chanzed world of the future the new Germany will be clearly recog- nized, or else the old one of 1914, will be un- masked. And only then will you see a European agreement which will extend beyond this con- tinent and which wise men may call final. So. ite sure, you, my boy, will have to bear the chains of debtor slavery which, how- more heavily than any tribute laid on barbarians by ancient Rome. The world has developed essentially beyond en the Athenians, in pious contem- plation, at the foot of their recently destroyed Acropolis, listened to a tragedy which, without ate or triumph, only described the misery and distress of the conquered Persians, To baptize you, with the holy spirit of such feeling, my boy, who are born to suffer, is the of this mild winter day. Selected by Japan for Important Post in U S. L T, WipE WL /- & MR / SCHICHITARO YA Appointed eonsul general at Sa |Franeisco. Mr. Yada comes to Amer- ica_direct from the billet of conwul general at London. He succecds T. :Ohta, who, because of what his ene- |€NCe W mies termed his Inkewarm policy on ithe California land law issue, is being relieved. ICANADA IS UNLIKELY - T0 SEND ENVOY HERE Believed Australia and New Zea- land Would Follow, Stirring Disintegration. Special Dispatch to The Star. OTTAWA, February 5.—C ‘anadian politicians are hinting that the talked- of appointment of a Canadian envoy to Washington seems “oft,” and that chances are against the item of $80,- 000 to provide for this step, which appear in the estimates. Imperial reasons may Ppostpone in- definitely, if not for good, the pro- posal of appointing at ‘Washington a Canadian minister plenipotentiary. Some of the ministers incline to the view that a Canadian minister at Washington would be followed by one from Australia and New Zealand and the eventual influence might be to- ward imperial disintegration. Not improbably the whole question may be discussed at the Iimperial conf: It _II thought that Canada Wi;!lr!l';ien receive the first payment upon her share of the German reparations. These will not be drawn from the in- demnity sums fixed upon in Paris, but will be part of the proceeds from the sale of German ships in England. In- quiry reveals that a considerable sum already has been realized through this channel and is now in the possession of the-British government, and that Canada will receive a portion of it. The next payment in which Canada will share will be for expenditures in conmnection with the Dominion's portion of the army of occupation on the Rhine, which will be a first charge on the German indemnity payments after allied advances In_connection wi erman coal shipment been met. o ® inave ‘While cabled messages hint af sum of $500,000,000, it is thought hter: that $100,000,000 will be the outside, at least as fegards a first payment. is matter may be referred t 3 pariiament meets. i nother interesting political inti - tion is that there is a scheme on ;'(::l whereby the British government will lend money to the dominions to as- sist immigration and thus relieve un.. :rll'lxployment conditions in Great Brit- ing of Girl in Bergdoll Incident. BERLIN, February 4.—In the course of an interpeliation by mem- bers of the people’s party in the reichstag today, one member id that the American government should be asked for damages for the shoot- ing of Lena Link at Eberbach dur- ing the recent attempt by two Amer- icans to capture Grover C. Bergdoll, the American draft evader, and his chauffeur, Eugene (lke) Stecher. The government spokesman indi- cated that the *“American military apology and the fact that papers were issued to the two Americans by the American authorities in no wise Jjustified their procedure, the incident was officially closed.. The girl was wounded in.the hand by the shot fired at Bergdoll but that | sid Georée N. Barnes Tells of Schemes to Aid ~ Countries—British on Repara- tions Agreement. BY GEORGE N. BARNES, Former Labor Member of British War Cabinet. LONDON, February 5.—British pub- lic opinion. in the belief of the writer, would have favored a more moderate settlement of the reparations ques- { tion than that reached at Paris—one which would be capable of fulfiliment by vigorous enforcement, enabling the more speedily to get Germany into the league of nations, and permitting the world to settle down to mormal relations. Instead, the conference again put reparations on an ascending scale,’ providing for an indemnity of $65,000.- 000,000, spread over a period of forty- two years, plus a tax on the paying ability of Germany as refiected by her exports. Progressive demands | predicate such a reorganization of German internal life and labor as would make her the world's most efti- cient produciive country, and this raised the question of (he effect of | her exports on other countries. Schemes to Aid Countrics. Two schemes have been formulated to emable impoverished countrics to buy goods on credit. One is the work of the league commitice, the other was planned by Sir Edward Mountain and approved by the Federation of British Industrics. A condition precedent to the opera- tion of the first plan would be to ascertain the zold value of the assets of the countries concerned, the latter being required through theéir govern- | ments to issue bonds for the purchase of goods from the countries possess- ing them. The second plan could be put in op- eration immediately, providing only that governments would share the risk with the trading and banking in- jtorests of their respective countries. Sir Edward Mountain proposes pooling that risk by the British government Iputting thirteen million pounds in the Pool and the merchants’ bills to be |cowred by insurance policy. The league should consider both plans and get one of them, at least. Pnearly operation. otherwise there will be precious little gold or even Fuman value left in the countries con- cerned. Rusno-British Trade. Although the draft of the Russo- British trade agreement provides for a moratorium on Russian-British debts and a reciprocal abstention from provocative acts—Russia agreeing to RADGALS ALK BUELOW INPRLSS Hope to Elect Him President and Obtain Majority in * Reichstag. By Cable to The Star and Chicago Daily News. Copyright, 1921, BERLIN, Germany, February 4.— Reactionary political parties in Prus sia are_congratulating themselves on the prospect of the new Brussels con- ference being put off until March, and on the fact that the London confer- ill not be held until February {27—that is, until after the Prussian elections have taken place. These parties, with the monarchistic Ger- man-nationalist organization as their leading spirit, have formed a phalanx against the present government. Strange to say. even the social demo- crats and independent socialists are trailing behind them and uniting in their war cry: “Dpwn with the Paris indemnity demands:” The only party that is revolting against this coalition is the commu- nist party. The reactionaries, through their propaganda and the fact that they were against signing the treatly of Versailles in June, 1919, hope to get a government controlled by the monarchistic elements by means of the elections on February 20. Appeal to Patriotism. So much is being written in the newspapers of all political shades against the government's even dream- ing of accepling the Paris terms that the public mind is being stirred up to a high pitch of patriotic excite- ment. 1t is probable that hundreds of thou- sands of voters who a month ago would never have thought of going back on the labor parties will vote the reactionary ticket. The result may be that a reactionary like Prince von Buelow. the former imperial chan- cellor, will be elected president of the German republic instead of the harm- less President Ebert, who used to be a saddler. Another result may be that the reactionary right wing parties will have a majority in the reichstag. Outbreak in Prospeet. If these developments really take place they will aimost amount to a right-about-face and a return to the old regime, only under a semi-imper- ialistic rule. What Germany wil! look like after four years of semi-imp=rial- istic rule only those who are familiar with the German spirit from A to Z understand. Many things might hap- pen, but the thing that is almost sure to happen if the reactionaries come desist from her propaganda in the orient and Britain undertaking nof to initiate proceedings for the at- tachment of gold or goods imported from Russia, it is not a promis! document. Nothing in it prevents individual claimant from initiating & scizure for former debts. Trade is not likely to progress much under such conditions. Nor are the soviets likely to abandon their propaganda in the east or elsewhere. It is their only chance of success. Any contrary agreement, however, would simply be a scrap of paper. Trade might even be used to stimulate propaganda, which contingency is figuring strong- ly In the Japanese deliberations on Russian trade. 1 maintain my views, already ex- | pressed, that the prospects of Russo- British trade are not good and will not improve unless both sides are in- duced, by urgent necessity, to make far greater concessions and give far Rreater assurances ti has hereto- fore been the case. Interest in South African elections i< intensifying. apparently. as the chances of Gen. Smuts are improving. The Dutch nationalists, realizing that “cutting the painter” is not so popu- lar a slogan as they expected. already are dirclaiming their intention to Iforce the severance question, even if successful at the polls. Smuts. how- ever, is forcing them to face the is- sue. abor's Proposals Unsatisfactory. Labor's unemployment proposals have been found to be somewhat con- servative. Although emphasis is laid on the resumption of trade with Rus- sia and central Europe, there are no helpful suggestions toward removing {the difficulties. Parliament will be asked to adopt the proposals, as will the labor convention scheduled for February 23. Meanwhile, the impre: sion prevails that labor failed to score. Sympathy for disarmament is en- j couraged here by the proceedings in America, where, it appears to u: there is a curious clashing of force: with respect to the league, on one hand, and armament reduction on the other. We have no right to question the motives of those forcing the pace, but 1 believe British co-operation is ready | for any real effort toward lessening warlike expenditures. 1 have little doubt that this view is being indorsed in the conversations now proceeding between Mr. Lloyd George and Am- bassador Geddes. (Copyright, 1921, by The Washington Star.) FINDRADIGALISM | HALTING IN TTALY View Given by Prominent Ob- servers, Including Many Leaders of Labor. BY EDGAR ANSEL MOWRER. By Csble to The Star and Chicago Daily News. Copyright, 1921. ROME, Italy, Fbruary 5.—Making | predictions is an unprofitable task, yet it may be interesting to note tlhie opin- ion of many of the best Italian ob- servers, including some of the labor leaders, that socialism and radical- ism in this country have passed the Reason for Reaction. The immediate reason for the re- action is that nearly every one i1 tired of violence and anxious fot peace and order. A well informed soclalist writer said to this corre- spondent: “The labor movement in Italy Iy about to undergo a terrible crisia March will probably mark the be. ginning of a vaSt unemploymeni crisis with hundreds of thousands of workmen on the streets. Such will be the result of deflation and the desire of the industrialist to con. vince the government that the indus- tries need further protection. “I expect the fall of the Giolitt conciliation ministry and the com. ing to power of a man who will con: tinue the war-time traditions and oppose any advance of labor. Pre. mier Giolitti weakened the labor movement. His successor may be expected to fight it openly, probably by withdrawing the heavy subsidiet hitherto given regularly to the work. ers' co-operatives. Wil Follow Unemployment Drain. “This will occur just at a period when the” unemployment drain ‘of such co-operatives is the greates| and labor in Italy will be forced t¢ rely upon its own strength, “Will labor successfully resist ef- forts to reduce it to its pre-way status? It is my belief that the coun. try’s financial situation, plus the lack of courage of the middle class, plus, sagacious use of labor's weapons such as trade union control of in- dustry, etc., will bring about a reform and the socialists will be placed iz power. Italian social transforma. tion will thus take place withou bloodshed and violence and withou| into power and when the labor classes awake to that fact is a bolshevist outbreak and an effort on the part of the laboring people to join hands with soviet Russia. Millions Spent in Providing Education for Absent Pupils (Continued from First Page.) official expressed the opinion that un- A eadly some of these children are in the first grade a second time be- cause of inability to master the diffi- culties which beginning pupils always meet in attempting to comprehend the symbolic _technique of written lan. guage. The first grade, he contends ay be the most difficuit of all when the mass of absolutely new material is_considered. The most plausible explanation, however, of this high proportion of repeaters, it is said. lies in the fact that children attend school very ir- regularly during the first and second years. No compulsory attendance laws operate to keep them in school. ‘Educators also state that considerable disagreement exists among parents, and even among themselves, as to the proper age for. entering children in school. It is pointed out that when a child goes to school he comes for the first time into contact with many other children, and has unusual opportunities to get communcable diseases. When such chil- dren are obliged to stay out of school for a few weeks on account of sickness parents do not consider it urgent that they should return to school even when they have recovered. To delay school work for another year is not con- ered @ matter of serious concern. All these factors, it is said, largely ex- pa o e el ! peak of their development and are now halting or descending. The coming conference of the Gen- eral Confederation of Labor. with nearly 3,000,000 adherents, is expected to show a setback for the Italian communists who, in spite “of the de- sire of the Russian bolsheviki auto- crats, are not in favor of a revolu- tion. the national existénce.” African Colonies Subscribe to Fund for Its Erection. PARIS, February 5—This city ¥ soon to have its first mosque for th' benefit of the Mohammedans i1 French possessions in northern Afriel —Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco. Thi people of those colonies have sub- scribed to a fund for the erection the building, and Algeria has nomi nated an Iman, or leader, for: thi mosque. The city of Paris will present thi grounds on which the mosque is to b built, and the French parliament ha appropriated 500,000 francs for com struction purposes. Attached to thi mosque will be a Mussulman institute —_———————————————— & harsh break in the continuity of attends’less than one-half of the schod term. City Tendency to Quit School. A recent survey of eighty city schog systems by the bureau -of educatios shows that at the of thirteen ‘fi 5 per cent qf the children who be attending public schools are act: attending. At the ages of fourteen, teen and sixteen. the pen centages are 65, 41 and 24, ively There is a greater tendency for city boyl and girls to drop out of school than fo those living in rural districts. Accord| to_educational authorities the “critical period” in school atte: s