Evening Star Newspaper, July 26, 1898, Page 11

THE EVENING STAR, TUESDAY, JULY 26, 1898-12 PAGES. AMONG THE WOUNDED How Soldiers Are Cared For at Old Point Comfort. SCENES IN THE HOSPITAL TENTS Enjoying Comfort After Privattons of a Hard Campaign. oe QUICK CURES EFFECTED eee Special From # Staff Correspondent. OLD POINT COMFORT, Va., July 24, 1893. ever before in the history of this set- has its name been so thoroughly itied as since over 400 wounded sol- arrived here from Cuba and found a t that has proved a veritable > them. Thrown together in a army, regular and volunteer, from walk of life, they had participated in that would have tried the soul of teran campaigner. From the solid of the barracks the regular sol- ne out beside the volunteer from f home life and in many cases ex ai ha heave great every Bc th comfort xurious surroundings. They had nded in a tropical iSland rendered desolate by continued warfare and infested with a foe well trained by centuries of war- scipline and entrenched everywhere rmidable positions. They went with @ stron th scant food and Insuffie equipment, but they marched through the defiles of a broken coufttry forded streams and pushed through a tan- gle of tropical undergrowth and over trails ky in mud. Conquering at La Gua- re the Spaniards were stationed ne protection of the forest, they i position after position by des- charges until their indomitable wil! ned the destruction of Santiago. were weakened by privations, forced es and in nt labor in the trenches hrew up by night, while they fought e day lasted. Fatigue and ill- cause them to falter, and they y when they had achieved suc- Comfort After Privation. After this life-to-life struggle the men who were wounded in battle were brought back the coast, most of their wounds TALKING IT OVER. — and intersected by streets, on the sandy soil of which board walks are laid. Hy- drants are placed along these streets, 50 that pure water brought in pipes from Newport News for Old Point is abundant. Outside of each tent is a large corrugated iron can for refuse, and a complete sewer- age system has been put into operation for this little city of white tents. Four days ago a large kitchen and dining room of frame was completed, and all the men able to leave thetr beds go there for their meals. The site of the camp fs on a slight elevation. The surface drainage is per- fect, and after a rain the sandy soll is dry in a very short time. The city of tents so quickly put up is regarded as perfect from a sanitary point of view. The tents are as comfortabl> as a costly hospital building. The spring beds are three feet apart, and at th head of exch is a crudely constructed shelf or shelves for the effects of the sick occupant, and on each of trem, if the petient is a smoker, tobacco and pipes are placéd eo that d2votees of the weed can while away the tedious hours of the day and evening by indulging their pet habit. Read Magazines and Newspapers. ‘There are magazines and newspap2rs ga- lore throug the tents, the wounded men taking the greatest interest in reading war news. This supply of reading matt2r has been donated, coming from all parts of the country. The wounded soldiers live in their pajamas, iounging on their beds or stroll- ing about the grounds in them. It is a queer sight at meal times to s2¢ the men file out from the tents and go to the din- ing room arrayed in vari-colored pajamas. Most of them can walk without difficult though perhaps a fourth of the whole num- ber hobble along on crutches or use a stout cane. Your corrsspondent made a trip through the hospital tents before noon. Oranges were being passed about for the wounded. In one row of tents a nurse, arrayed in a white wash dress and a trig cap, was pass- ing along with a large box of tooth brushes, inquiring if any of the men needed these means for dental cleanliness. Occastonally a wounded man would hold out his hand and receive a brush. Any one who should make a trip through these hospitals expecting to find an assem- blage of dejected and morbid men would be greatly surprised. Throughout the tents there is an air of cheerfulness, and now and then a self-appointed humorist will per- petrate a joke or witticism that will call forth bright retorts and laughter all along the line. . Well-Regulated Hospitals. Tn a general way the hospitals are con- ducted on approved plans that can be found in operation in the best of such institutions, but 2xact uniformity in methods does not exist in all the wards. There has been no | time for hair-splitting over rules and regu- lations that will doubtless be brought to a uniform system throughout the wards in having received only a hasty dressing in the fleld where they had suffered the full force of shot and shell. A few days on shipboard and a third of all the wounded { were landed at Old Point Comfort, to be eared for, to know the skill of tor, the attention of the trained nurse and to recover strength and health. ‘Today more than half of these 400 wounded men are convalescent and ready to be Sent to their homes, and no soldiers in the ‘ranks are more ready than they to shoulder itheir muskets and continue the fight on ‘which they embarked until Spain has sued for peace. No wonder these men stretch Rhemselves in their beds in the hospital tent# here, enjoy the cool breezes that Diow In from the Atlantic and thank God jthey are again on their netive soil and mong friends. They haven't forgotten the muddy trails, the cold night rains and the Beorching heat of the tropical sun, the cur- failed diet, the long marches and the hard- ships that few men know. It is the con- ftrast that calls forth their deep sense of ‘appreciation. Most of them will soon be Bt home, to again renew family ties that 2 been severed and to recount to friends the stories of their campaigning. Made Hasty Preparations. The army medical officers at Old Point Comfort are naturally proud of the work they have accomplished in taking care of the wounded men row in their charge. On the morning of the 13th of this month no information was recetved here of any tm- mediate need for the small hospital corps here to take care of the sick. There was & post hospital large enough to accommo- date fifty or sixty patients, and a number of tents had been erected with tight board Mooring with a view of future possibilities. Where were a number of iron bedsteads, with wire and husk mattresses, on hand, to- gether with medical supplies. “But nothing was in readiness to receive the wounded. At $ o'clock on that morning word was re- Doing Nicely. rely d by Major De Witt, the surgeon in that 216 wounded men would arrive at 2 p.m. on the City of Washington, and Bh race of preparation began. Beds were prepared and ail arrangements for bathing nd ite! pent caring for the men were made. was organized, and A camp orders were © provisions of every kind for Jeeding wounded. A thousand details Were attended to by a small body of men. When the transport arrived, 216 wounded iers were brought ashore, thelr wounds © then dressed, a single doctor attend- Ing to about Sfty cases. Many of these wounds had not been disturbed since they ed by the men. a week or two By 8 o'clock all this work was the men had been. bathed and were tucked away in spring beds provided with do’ illows. They had such a sup- r as had not known for many a long day. There were few men in the hos- pital tents who did not sleep thet night, and not a few of them wondered, as the: lay there, whether it was not all a dream. ‘The next day the Breakwater brought 146 ore of the sick and wounded, and on the 17th forty-four came on the Solace. Under the Walls of the Fortress. The hospital camp at Old Point Comfort is located on a site only a few minutes’ walk from the Hygeta and Chamberlin ho- tels, In sight of and just below the ram- Parts of Fortress Monrose. About fifty pa- lenis Occupy the post hospital building }d 350 of them are in the tents just back of this building. which has only lately been constructed. There are eight rows of tents, each row a couple hundred feet in length the course of time if the war lasts and the nzeds for surgical and medical treatment there continue. But perfect order is main- tained everywhere, and the wounded are cered for and everything works so well that no one would suppos? the institution kad sprung up like a mushroom. Steward Whitehead has been one of those who have labored hard to make the hospital a suc- cess. There has been no ne2d for discipline among the men in the hospital. Like good soldiers they learn such rules as have been established and they conform to tham. There Is a lack of selfishness among them that appeals strongly to the surgeons and nurses. The people about Old Point have sent flowers to the sick h2re from time to time. Just after the men had landed some of these flowers were carried in and placed where a soldier suff2ting from a painful wound could see them and he was told they were for him. At that time there were but few nurses and there could ba very little attertion given the men in some of the waris. The wounded soldier knew this, and looking at the mass of bloom he sald: “Won't you take them to the men who have no nurses?" It is quite common for the men when flowers are brought to them to suggest that they be given to some one they think is mors badly injured than they, or who news for Old Point, where great apprehen- sion has been felt lest there should be a spread of that disease. The hotel pro- prietors here have perhaps been more alarmed over the situation than any one else, because they feared the magnificent climate of Old Point could not draw peo- ple “here if yellow fever patients were | | known to be in the Vicinity. It is to allay this fear that other wounded from Santiago have not been landed here, but have been taken on to New York, where there are | better facilities for isolating and treating | such cases should they be found to exist on shipboard. Jf the hospitals here receive | more patients they will probably be from Porto Rico after Gen. Miles has secured a foothold there. Every one agrees that the climate of Old Point is a magnificent one! | six feet and four i tice has been made, for, among the men who faced the heavy firing in Cuba, to have been wounded thergjs tp.be knighted in an order of nobility thet.damolishes the color line. Among the wounded there is no one more famous than ‘Ameticug 8. Hummins, known in the hospital ad “Stonewall Jack- of the 24th Infantry. Hummins lived in Philadelphia betqre his enlistment, and is a magnificent specimen of a black man, hes in height. He re- enlisted in the regtilar army in the latter part of April andaknew he would have some fighting to do. It was at El Caney he was wounded, a bullet furrowing bis skull on the top of his Head.” The ball entered the skull sufficiently t® break it for a distance of about four inches, but didn’t go low enough tosbe fatal. ' When the a CONVALESCENTS, for any invalid, and there could not have been a better ‘place to establish such a headquarters than is found here. Being a couple of days nearer to the West Indies than is New York it has an important ad- vantage, sick men needing surgical treatment cannot be got to a comfortable hospital on land too soon. Plenty of Fresh Food. No difficulty is now being had in securing all the fresh food needed for the hospitals, and a wholesome diet is provided. For the dangerously sick patients there is a special diet which is being prepared by a Freach chef, who has been chief cook at the White House under President Cleveland, has pre- sided in that capacity at the Metropolitan Club of this city and in the homes of sev- eral millionaires of New York, where his services could command a salary of $250 any day he should care to offer them. No nore patriotic act has been performed Ly any one since the war began than by this French chef, who has become thoroughly enovgh Americanized in his ideas to want to see the United States master Spain, and he is doing ali he can to bring thet result about. He has a son on one of the Ameri- ‘an battle ships, and when war was de- clared he considered how he might best help America win the fight. He was too old to shoulder a musket, and he knew he would be worth more asa cook at one of the American hospitals. At that time he Was a chef in the house of a prominent offictal in the West Indjes. He left this place and paid his own passage to New York to offer his services to the govern- ment to cook for the wounded without pay. Now he is serving a special diet to the most needy in the hospital, and no million- aire club in New York ever had finer cook- ed food placed on-its tables. During the first days of the hospital he was hampered by a lack of material, but that trouble has about disappeared. The name of this man is not given be- cause of his request. He wanted to escape observation altogether and to have nothing sald about what he is contributing for the war. All the surgeons and nurses are fully alive to the great assistance he 1s giving them, and many a patient whose lite is hanging in the balance today is being help- ed to recovery by him. “There is no greater patriot than that man," a surgeon said today when he saw the chef busily at work over a hot range preparing dainty food. Queer Experiences Recounted. Naturally these soldier boys swap stories of the terrific campaign in which they were wounded. There are many “lucky unlucky” men, who have received injuries that would have been fatal had the Mauser bullets wounding them veered an eighth of an inch frum the courses they took. One of these “lucky unlucky” fellows is big Private Charles Deutschberger of Company C, 71st New York Volunteers. Deutschberger was a victim of a sharpshooter. A Mauser ball came down on him, making a slight furrow in the lower lid of his left eye, doing no injury to the eye itself. The ball then passed through his cheek, came out the lower part of the Jaw without crushing a bone, entered his chest and traveled through his body about a foot, making its final exit below his ribs. There is no marksman in the world who could have fired that Mauser bullet and have made it do what it did without a mishap. The things that that bullet might have done and did not are enough to make Private Deutschberger tremble, but he is as well today as if he had never been wounded. A variation in the course of the bullet of an eighth of an inch would have blinded him, and it would have had to change its route only a trifle to have passed through his heart. Corporal Louls Daum of Company C, 24 United States Volunteers, has a blue flan. nel shirt that he will hoard as a precious they suspect Is a little homesick, as he lies relic of that rush up the San Juan hill. A COLORED GIANT. there in the tent and needs cheering up. Patient in Suffering. The patients give no trouble, and such of them as are in pain control themselves so that no one would suspect their suffering. Your correspondent walked through all the wards, but from beginning to end heard no sound that would indicate suffering. The fever patients and those who have suffered from the effects of heat are about the only ones who give evidence of almost total ex- haustion. The fevers that prevail are ty- phoid and malarial in character. These cases are not isolated, the men suffering from them being scattered indiscriminately among those who wounded. There were a few cases teagan suspictous- ly like yellew fever, and they were treated in a separate tent, where there would be no danger of a spread of the disease should it turn out to be yellow fever. The surgeons in charge today said they were satisfied these were not yellow fever cases, and the knowledge of this fact will be splendid Corporal Daum received a bullet through the fleshy part of his arm. The bullet then cep in front of his chest, making four oles In his shirt, but doing him no further hart Private Fred W. Warren of Company A, 33d Michigan Volunteers, has both bones of his right forearm broken, the buliet that did that work being fired by a Cuban, who probably carried a musket that had’ been given him by Uncle Sam. Private Warren had been stationed to guard @ spring of Dur- water, which was used for drin! pose. He was to see There its No Color Line. toe be tees Cine tn the hospitals, black soldiers being scattered out the wards. No objection to thie pone i Mauser bullet struck Hummins it stopped his charge on the Spaniards that will be memorable to all those who had a chance to witness it. Hummins had exhausted his ammunition, but being right on the enemy he used his rifle as a club, knocking out four or five Spaniards before he feli. Talk- ing over his fight at El Caney Hummins remarked: “You see, we hadn't had much to eat for four or five days, and 1 knew we had to carry that hill befure we got anything more to eat. We just had to have that hill." Again, when asked why he put up such a stiff fight, he said: What you s’pose I went in the army for? But if I hadn't killed them they'd have killed me.” A Relic of War. Private R. Pierce of Troop I, 1st Cav- alry, United States army, has a relic in the form of a hat hanging at the head of his bed. This hat was worn during the fight at La Guasima by Hamilton Fish. It has bullet holes through its crown, shot through it while on Fish's head. Pierce lest his hat, and this one was given him to wear. Edward O’Brien of Company A, Rough Riders, carries a remarkable wound. A piece of shell struck him on the back of The Best of Care. the head, and went.down through his back two inches from theisurface, and traveling through his body a ‘distance of two, feet The course of this’ ‘pltce of shell took it near the spinal colurin, near the bottom af which it came out. O'Brien is doing well. Private Graham received a wound on the San Juan hill. which is about well. and which ig one of the most remarkable on record. A ball entered his body, going through the apex of his right lung and Gownward through his body a distance ef two feet, coming out near the base of the backbone. A part of the vertebra was in- jured, but the wounded man will scon be able to go horre. The paralysis of one leg, caused by the wound, is passing away. “T stiffened out when [ was shot,” said Graham, when asked the immediate effect of his wound. “I could not move a finger. That lasted only a few minutes. Then I walked back to the field hospital, three miles away, to get my wound dressed.” The wounded men’s descriptions of their sensations at the time of being wounded are generally the same. It ts common for them to say they felt as if they had heen struck by a base ball and stunned. No acute pain fs felt by them at the moment of receiving the wound. In the case of a flesh wound in the arm or leg the sensa- tion is often described as similar to what would be felt if a needle were run through the flesh. After ten or fifteen minutes the wound begins to pain. The Curious Cannot Enter. The rules governing the hospital do not permit visitors to go through the wards merely for curiosity. If the rules were otherwise the result would be that a stream of curlous people would constantly be present, greatly to the annoyance of the men. Some of the visitors to the hospitals do not relish this rule. A lady who car- ried an expression on her face which plainly said “I must have my way” lately visited the hospital. “I want to go through,” she said, when stopped by the guard. “The commandant’s orders do not per- mit visitors here,” returned the soldier, “I don’t know the commandant,” she re- torted. “I don’t recognize him.’ I kindor set my mind on going through this hospi- tal and seeing them fellows who were shot. I think this ts very strange. I am an American citizen, and I pay taxes to carry on this war, and 1 don’t see why I can't see the boys when they are wounded.” With that last remark she turned away, highly indignant at having her rights trampled on, Every day visitors come here and argue with the guard to gain an entrance in the hospital tents. But there are many very touching scenes when friends and re!atives of the wounded men come to see them. A few days ago an old lady made her Way up the path to the hospital, and asked if she could be told something about her son's death and shown bis grave. She had heard that sher boy had died there. She gave the young soldier’s name, and a search of the records- discovered the fact that he was in one the wards, rapidly recovering. She was” out to the tent where her son was ypunging.on his bed. Neither of them coild.rspeak for some time. If her boy bagy.berm brought from the grave to life ithe feelings of that mother could not ‘have, been different. There were not many, @: eyes in the tent when the wounded sdfuteys saw that meet- ing and learned that'the mother had come to Old Point to visit ber Woy’s grave. Last Visit ia His Son. Within a few days @i of@ gentieman from @ southwestern statm-vigtted the hospital to see his son, who‘ adibecelved a bullet in the back part of negk. The boy was to be operated upon, at it was well under- stood that he had but,ohe,chance in a hun- dred for recovery. Eq: @ chance worth taking, because unles#, operated on death was certain to occurin a‘short time. An official here has gained an unpleasant no- torlety by assuming authority and inform- ing the boy’s father that he could see his son but five minutes and could not see him again until after the aperation, which was to be perfo; ‘thi day. a rormed ie following day. boy; have overstayed my tirae—I have been with him minutes.” ‘The surgeon didn’t tand what was Ba ey is statement, but he soon learn- ae can stay here all night if you did stay all night. The next morning the father bade his son good-bye, the boy waB put on the operating table, and, as a corpse, was taken off. Bullets and pieces of shell taken from the bodies of the soldiers are favorite relics among the men. There are a number of soldiers who persist in saying the Spaniards fired some explosive bullets, but there seems no just ground for this charge. The Mauser bullet is brass-bound, while nickel is used to tmcase the bullets fired from the Krag-Jorgensen rifle. In some cases the brass rim of the Mauser bullets broke on striking a bone and considerable lacera- tion was the result. Staff of Medical Officers. The hospital here Is in charge of Major Calvin DeWitt, surgeon-in-chief. He is spoken of everywhere as highly efficient. Besides Major DeWitt the only other regu- lar army surgeon is Captain Francis A. ‘Winter, who returned to New York on the Olivette after being with the army in the hottest fighting in Cuba, where he had the experience of dressing wounds on the firing lines. Drs. S. Clement Claude, S. Chase De Krafft and Oelrichs of the 1st Maryland Regiment of Volunteers have done excel- lent work here, being on hand at the time of the arrival of the wounded men. Major Donald McLean of Detroit, Mich., and Ma- jor Lewis Schooler, who has been stationed at Chickamauga, are the surgeons in charge of the first and second sections of the hospital, respectively. Other surgeons in the service here are Drs. F. Lanier, Eu- gene Hartnett, McKay, C. H. Anderson, E. W. Pinkham, Bean Street, Weston P. Chamberlain, 8. V. Cottrell, 8. M. Wate! house, R. E. Bell, John 8. Fogg, O. W. Rash, E. T. Meyer and A. W. Williams. There is a large corps of nurses in the hospital, there being four volunteers, two of them daughters of Captain “Fighting Bob" Evans of the lowa—Miss Virginia Eyans and Mrs. Marsh, whose husband is Ensign Marsh of the New York. Mrs. Cushman, the wife of Lieutenant Cushman of the navy, and Miss Candy, whose father is one of the officials at the Soldiers’ Home at Hampton, are also volunteer nurses. The volunteer nurses pay all their own ex- penses and receive only the “thanks” of the government. They have done excellent A Hospital Street. service for the wounded, being here at a time when assistance was greatly needed. The idea of having volunteer nurses here was not received very kindly by a good many surgeons at first, there being a fear that they might be more ornamental than useful, and not take kindly to discipline. Experience has dispelled all such fear, and the surgeons to whose wards these volun- teers are assigned say they have never seen trained nurses more punctual and exact in caring for the sick, and that they have as full a realization of the respect that should be paid to an “order” as any officer of the navy. From 9 a.m. until 6 p.m. they are on “duty.” Temperatures of the fever patients are to be taken at stated intervals, medicines to be administered and wounds to be dressed. Since the 13th there have not been many idle moments for the nurses. Buried With Military Honors. There have been very few deaths here. Today a soldier who died of typhoid fever was buried at the cemetery of the soldiers’ home at Hampton. The funeral car was drawn up before the main hospital building and a couple score of wounded soldiers, supported by crutches or canes, or sitting on the row of antiquated gun carriages in front of the camp, were silent watchers as their dead comrade was carried out. A military escort and band were provided and accompanied the remains to the grave, where “taps” were sounded over the body of the soldier. Surgeon General Sternberg visited the hospital here today for the first time since the soldiers wounded in Cuba arrived. “I am much pleased with the whole ar- rangement her: he said to The Star cor- respondent. “Dr. De Witt is a most effi- cient medical officer, and the preparation ho has made fs entirely satisfactory. The wounded men are doing well and all seem to be happy. They are receiving every care that is possible.” General Sternberg entered the army as an assistant surgeon in 1861 and served in the medical department throughout the civil war. Comparing the difference in the treatment then given the wounded and that now used, and said: “Then we expected all gunshot wounds to become inflamed and to suppurate. The treatment adopted then to reduce inflam- mation was by the application of com- Presses dipped in cold water. In those days we did not know that water con- tained germs that would produce suppura- tion In wounds. “Now, under the aseptic treatment, we do not allow a drop of water to come near @ wound unless it has been thoroughly sterilized, and we avoid touching the wound with fingers or probes, by which It might become infected with the germs of suppuration. The ‘first aid’ packages, which every soldier carries, contain ster- ilized compresses and bandages, and men are instructed to put these on their wounds at once,’ “If the 400 men now at the hospital here had received the same wounds with the old Springfield rifie bullets and had been treated under the methods in vogue during the civil war what proportion of deaths would have occurred among them?” Gen- eral Sternberg was asked. ‘Under those circumstances 40 per cent of the wounds would have been fatal,” he replied. “As it is, not a single death oc- curred from a gunshot wound while thé men were on transports, and from such wounds only one death has occurred since the men have been in the hospital here, and that was the result of a severed ai tery, which caused the man’s death by hemorrhage. Men now recover from their wounds in ten days or two weeks, whereas under the treatment given during the civil war in the case of suppurated wounds heir cure required two or three month: and the compound fractures that are now geXing well would then have called for amputations in many cases.” C. E. K. = THE BICYCLE squap. - Maj. Sylvester Names the Officers to Form It. Major Sylvester announced this after- ncon the list of policemen detailed for duty in the bicycle squads of the several pre- eincts, as follows: Precinct No. 1—H. R. Warren, J. R. Simpson, H. W. Gover, H. A. Dodge. Precinct No. 2—J. A. Duvall, J. E. Barnes. Precinct No. 3—G. 8. Catts, L. W. Charl- ton. Precinct No. 4—B. L. Lake, A. J. Head- ley, F. M. Cornwell, J. W. Robertson. Precinct No. 5-W. H. Heard, G. W. Prech No. 6—C, Il. , inct . No. +. I. Plemmo: . Gibson. noe Preeinect No. 7—Frank Burrows. — No. 8-J. A. McDonald, J. A. ley. Precinct No. 9—-W. Emerson, J. 8. John- ston, R. Vanderschaaf, B. F. Vermillion. As printed in yesterday’s Star, Major Syl- £ i 8 H Ef ei! Wi 4 f i ts i CRIES OF THE BABES Alleged Annoyances Caused by In- mates of Foundling Hospital. el cats A KEPORT BY MR. HERBERT W. LEWIS Makes Suggestion of a Remedy to District Commissioners. TEXT OF THE REPORT The annoyance alleged to be caused resi- dents in the neighborhood of the Washing- ton Hospital for Foundlings on 15th street has again been the subject of a report to the District Commissioners by Mr. Herbert W. Lewis, the superintendent of charities, who suggests as a remedy the boarding out of the infants, with selected nurses. In his latest report Mr. Lewis says: “On the 28th day of May, 1808, I said to you in a letter written in response to a complaint made to you regarding the Wash- ington Hospital for Foundlings, which was referred to me, that I had been unable to suggest any modification of the work that Institution which would remove the cause of complaint, and at the same time be acceptable to its managers. “Since that time other similar complaints have reached you, and persons have called on me urging that some action be taken which will relieve them of the annoyance caused by the presence of the hospital; and I have therefore concluded to present f your consideration a plan which I believ furnishes a practical solution of the diffi- culty, and will result in saving the lives of @ considerable number of infants now in the institution, as well as those hereafter to be received. Superintendent's Plan. “My plan fs, in short, to board out, with selected nurses, as many infants taken from the hospital as may be provided for in that way, and properly supervised, from the an- nual appropriation made for the support of the hospital, which is, for the present year, $6,000. “This sum might be divided In this way: Board and clothing for thirty chil- dren at $12 per month...............$4,320.00 Salary of a medical graduate, as placing and supervising agent. Contingencies and incidentals.. 1,080.00, 600.00 Totals. 100.00 “This allows for an expenditure of $200 per child per annum. “During the fiscal year 1897 the asylum maintained an average of thirty children, at an expenditure of $23 per child. For the year 1898 it maintained an average of 38.5, at an expenditure of $194 per child, and added $4,776 to its endowment fund, its total income being $11,505.68. The Averages. “Under the board of children’s guardians the expense of children in boarding homes has been from $214 in 1894, when the av- erage number boarded out was 20.64, to $127.45 in 1807, when an average of 70.79 was cared for in this way. “For the fiscal year 1802 the death rate in the Colored Foundling Home was 58.8 per cent, based on the whole number care i for. In November, 1808, the institution was closed, and all its childfen under three years of age were committed to the of children’s guarcians, and the board ha ever since taken as many of the class pre- viously dealt with by the foundling home as were entitled to be taken. “The highest death rate which has been shown among the babes in the care of the board was in 1807, amounting to cent, based on the whole number cured for, as against 57.8 per cent for the last year of the Colored Foundling Home. “At the Washington Hospital tor Found- lings the death rate, based as in the above instances cn the whole number cared for during one year, has never been less than 36.83 per cent. “These facts were emphasized by the fact that five-sixths of the infants dealt with by the board of children’s guardians were colored, and that many more colored than white children die from pre-natal abuse. Another emphasizing circumstance is that in the figures given for the board of echil- dren’s guardians only children under two years of age are counted, while in the asy- lums those up to five years of age are counted; and it is well known that a child's chances of life are enormously enlarged after the age of two years. Examples of the Plan. “Other conspicuous examples of the suc- cess of the boarding-out plan will be found in the State Children’s Council of South Australia, where the death rate computed by the method used herein has never been over 20 per cent, and in the Massachusetts State Board of Lunacy and Charity, one of whose recent reports gives 20.05 per cent. “I believe, therefore, that you will be justified in concluding that the boarding out of these infants will save the lives of some of them; that it will remove all re- sponsibility of the Commissioners for the annoyance in the neighborhood of the asy- lum with the attendant loss to those re- siding near and that the expense per child will not be increased and may be materially reduced. “But all this will be to no purpose if the Commissioners have not authority to en- force compliance with their plan in case it should be adopted by them and rejected by the hospital. ks “The office of superintendent of charities was created by a proviso to the District of Columbia appropriation act, approved Au- gust 6, 1890, and the purpose of the crea- tion of the office is deciared by the act to be to secure ‘a more equitable and efficient expenditure of the several sums appro- priated ‘for charities.’ “The superintendent is required to devise plans for these expenditures which will avoid ‘misapplication of effort or expendi- ture,’ and all appropriations ‘for charities’ ‘shall be expended under the general direc- tion of said superintendent, and in con- formity, as near as may be, with such sys- tem or pian, subject to the approval of the Commissioners of the District of Columbia,’ as will more fully appear upon a caceful reading of the act. The Proposed Ultimatum. “It appears, therefore, that if the Com- missioners notify the hospital officers that this is a plan agreed upon between them- selves and the superintenden: of charities for the purpose of preventing ‘misapplica- tion of effort or expenditure,’ and their expressed wish be disregarded, they will then be justified in declining’ to comply with the next request of the disbur: officer of the institution, that they rejucst the Secretary of the Treasury 10 cause a warrant to be issued fn favor of the treas- urer of the United States, to be deposited to the credit of the disbursing officer. “Certainly the Secretary of the Treasury will permit no such warrant to be issued except upon your request, and [ am confi- dent that by such means the Comm'‘ssion- ers can e1force such rules as may be agreed upon concerning the expenditure of all moneys appropriated for the support of charitable institutions im the District of Columbia, just as the Secretary of the In- terior has just put into operation calutary rules for the government of Freeémen’s, Hospital.” —_+——_ ORDERS TO ARMY OFFICERS. Steps te Increase the Efficiency of the Subsistence Department. Under the provisions of a recent act of Congress for increasing the efficiency of the subsistence department the following Places have been designated as important depots to which officers of that department @re assignable to duty for the’ purpose of purchasing and shipping subsistence sup- plies: New York city, with Col. Chas. A. Woodruff in eharge; Cincinnati, Lieut. Col. J. J. Clague; Chattanooga, Maj. F. E. Nye; St. Louis, Maj. W. L. Alexander; Chicago, Maj. Owen Smith; Atlanta, Lieut. Col. E. i. Dravo; 5 j. A. O. ith; ase ee ville, Capt. J. H. Duval; Miami, Capt. A. Y. Niskern; Dunn Loring, Va., Capt. John of} Whipple barracks, Arizona; Lieut. R. M. Brooktiele, Infantry, to AUanta, Ga.; | Capt. O. M. Lissak, ordnance department, to Newport News, Va.; Maj. C. 8. Walton paymaster, to Porto Rico: assistant quartermas Porto Rico; Maj. Ogden Rafferty, 5 m, to Fort Hamilton, N. Y.; Maj. N. Henry, sur- geon, to Fernandina, Fla.; Lieut. H. C. Lansing, Signal Corps, to’ Falls Churc Va.; Acting Assistant Surgeons dings, 8. P. Simington, to Santiago de Cuba; Acting Assistant Sur geon Edwin Barry, to Falls Church, Va. F Ge Acting Assistant Surgeon P. C. Field, to Jacksonville, Fla.; Lieut. E. J. Barrett, 24 Volunteer Engineers, to Honolulu; Maj. J P. Dean, ordnance officer, to Chickamauga Acting Assistant Surgeons U. 8. Bird and J. R. Hicks, to Washington, D. Actin Assistant Surgeon H. L. Brown, the steamer Olivette; Acting Assistant Sur- geons G. A. McHenry and J. R. Tackett, to Santiago de Cuba; Lieut. Chas. H. Smith 3d Volunteer Engineers, to Charlotte, N. C.; Acting Assistant Surgeon H. P. Wilkin- son, to the steamer Olivette; Acting Assist- ant Surgeon Baen Street, to Atlanta, Ga.; Lieut. Col. H. C. Egbert, 6th Infantry, to Fort Thomas, Ky.; Maj.'C. M. Robertson surgeon, to Fort McPherson, Ga.; Capt. J Cook, commissary of subsistence, to duty on the staff of Maj. Gen. Wade; Majs. ©. L. Heizmann, surgeon; J. M. Thompson 24th Infartry; Capt. E.'F. Wilcox, 6th Cav- alry; Lieut. Hamilton Rowan, 24 Artillery and Lieut. Wm. T. Littebrandt, 7th Cav- alry; now on detached servicey have been erdered to return to their proper statio’ Maj. C. R. Parke, surgeon, has be signed to duty with the 2d Army Cx Fails Church, Va Maj. G. H. Penrose, ordered to report to M mitt, at Manila, for Lieut. Col been ordered to resum surgeon of the departm Capt. H. J. Yates, Lieut. H. C. Leonhardt fantry; Lieut. H. V. A’ fantry, and Lieut. M New York Infantry Officers of the pay department assigned to duty as follows Foote, at Atlanta; Majs. B. C. Kenyon ond F. C. Lord, at San Francisco; Maj. Ralph Hartzell, at Denver; Maj. T. A. Cuiami at St. Paul; Maj. A. Biegalo, at cago. has been y Mer- signment to duty. Albert Hart Suff, surg: surgeon, Gen. nfantry; w York In- oth en, 24 M. have resign ave been Maj. N. J. chi —————___- DEAD AND WOUNDED. Gen, Shafter's Latest Report of Cas- ualties at Santingo. Gen. Shafter’s detailed report of tho American casualties in the battle of San- tiago has been received at the War De- partment and is now being prepared for publication. The total number ¢ - ties was Recapitulated, the Amert- can losses were: Killed officers and 208 enlisted men; wounded, 80 officers and 1,2 men; missing, 81 men. The missing are supposed to be dead, as, so far as known, the Spanish forces took no prisons. In the 1st Division, Maj. Gen. Kent com- manding, the casualtics were as follows First Brigade, consisting cf the 6th and 36th Infantry and the Tist New York Killed, 5 officers and 40 men; wounded, 14 officers and 262 men; missing Second Brigade, consisting of Ut and 2Ist Infantry: Killed, 1 offic men; wou d, 10 officers and in men. 10th rand 17 lf mer Third Brigade, consisting of the 9th, 13th end 2ith Infantry: Killed, 6 officers and 30 men; wounded, 11 officers and 186 men migsing, 9 men. Second Division, Maj. Gen. Lawton, com- manding: First Brigade, consisting of the Sth and Infantry and the 2d Massachusetts Killed, 1 officer and 15 men; wounded, & officers and 111 m Second Brigade, consisting of the Ist, 4th and 25th Infantry: Killed, 2 officers and 14 men; wounded, 5 officers and 55 men; miss- ing, 1 man. Third Brigade, consisting of the and 1ith Infantry: Killed, 2 £8 wi men; wounded, 3 officers and 148 men; missing, 1 man. Cavairy Division, Maj. Gen. Wheeler, commanding: First Brigade, consisting of the 34, 6th and 9th Cavalry: Killed, 2 officers and 9 men; wounded, 12 officers and U3 men; missing, 4 men. Second Brigade, consisting of the Ist and 10th Cavalry and the rough riders: Killed, 4 officers and 3) men; wounded, 1% officers and 179 men; missing, 8 men. Light Battery Battalion: [illed, 3 men; Wounded, 1 officer and § men. The first authentic list of casualties of the battles before Santiago has reached the department in an official communica- tion from Gen. Shafter to Adjt. Gen. Cor- tin, dated July 12, 1898. Gen. Shafter says he reports the names of killed, wourded and missing in actiou at El Caney and San Juan on the Ist, 2d and 34 of July. Th reports were submitted in such a way as to make their compilation very difficult. In many cases they were mere memora Gum in iead penell and on irregular s!ips and sheets of paper, the best obtainable at the lime. Gen. Shafter says: “It is thought this lst is as near correst as it 1s possible to make it at this date It may be subject to a few correcti es- pecially in regard to the missing of the New York Voluntcer Infantry, many of whom have been accounted for before this, but ro report received.” Gen. Lawton, commanding the 24 Divi- sion of the 5th Army Corps, in his returns, remarks: “The general commanding this division having received two urgent calls to move the division to the assistance of che troops fighting in front of Santiago assembled the division immediately after the firing seased and marched it on the road toward San- tiago without waiting to ascertain the loss of his cwn command or of the enemy, leav- ing a battalion of the 7th Infaniry on the field to bury the dead and carry off the wounded on both sides. Therefore the de- lay in making this report. * * © It may not be out of place to call attention to the peculiar character of this battle, it having been fought against an enemy fortified and intrenched within a compact town of stone and concrete | houses, some with walls several feet thick and supported by a number of covered forts cut in solid stone, and the enem: continuing to resist until nearly man was killed or wounded—a des ‘When a business man gets to the point where he cannot sleep at night, where he is 60 shattered of nerve that it is torture to even remain in his bed, and he has to get up and pace the floor—it is time for that man to bring himself up with a round turn. If he does not, it means nervous prostration and mental, if not physical, death. For a man who gets into this condition there is a remedy that will brace him up, put him on his feet and make a man of him again. It is Dr. Pierce’s Golden Medical Discovery. It goes to the bottom of things. It searches cut the first cause. When a man is in this condition you can put your finger on one of two spots and hit that first cause —the stomach or the liver or both. This great medicine acts directly on these spots. It promptly transforms a weak stom- ach into thy one. It facilitates the fiow of digestive juices and makes diges- tion and assimilation perfect. It gives a man an aj ite like a boy’s. It invigor-