Evening Star Newspaper, January 2, 1897, Page 11

—— € é I P A Monument of DOE deserved stccesses. GD@ line. It is the result eS made. re with these you find advertised for $45—$50 cisewhere. MR. HANNA'S FUTURE | Speculation as to Whether He Will Take Office. HIS GREAT BUSINESS INTERESTS Some Disappointment From His Visit to Washington. = A FACTOR + SHERMAN mkenee of The Evening Star. ELAND, Ohio, December 29, 1596. Mark Hanna's future is vexing the minds | of his Ohio friends. The national chairman | himself is outward! He gives no| sign of conflicting de et at times he becomes impatient over the importuntties of camp followers, who think he should go keep them in abinet in order te he broader ques of politics McKinley administration do not n. Politics at the Old Stand. to conduct political His offices in the Mr. Hanna con he old stand. building, sixth floor, are still and the elevator boy on reaching | out “Hannaville” There most ugers disembark. Major Dick Haskell, who was sergeant-at- the national committee headquar- Chicago. are to be found in the daily. a they expect to be there } march is gun on Washington. | business takes their time juSt if permanent national head- | ad not already been established n. Nor is it the kind of busi- n be wound up with the inau- | President McKinley. Much of | ondence relating to the offices. | > correspondence relative ation. Mr. Hanna is still ormation about the next Sen- ick- bill! vat he is be aie with whicl will send over to the Sen- | n charged with this work, man of the national committee, ersonal representative of the iministration. Those who know this responsibility has been un- by Chairman Hanna cannot be © believe that it can be carried to a hout him in the cabinet. | hink it will be pdssible for to work from the outside after March 1 accomplish that which he has s:t omplish, especially since he is all accepting fresh responsibilities. | him 4a ut ne So they assume there is no question of Mark Hanna being in the cabinet His Business Interests. There are business men and personal friends in Cleveland who take another view. They say Mark Hanna's iron pur- ¢ a leader in the commercial world r be overshadowed by his political His interests gre multifold. of them need aggressive manage- | The Rockafellers and the Standard ompany since going into the iron ore ess and getting control of the great yerior ranges have shown a dispo- fon absorb or crush all rival cre miners and shippers. They have combined with Ar Some rew Carnegie, and it is pre well understood they want the whole flell to themselves. Mark Hanna in his business career has never let himself be forced out of anything in which he was intereste wh at times he has fougat aygreg: ticns of capital larger than that «mder hi own control. The people who know him have idea he would step aside now at the st_of a Rockafeller-Carnegie com- Their only contention fs that in Order to maintain his vantage he would have to give his undivided energies for a few years more to his business, and would be unable to accept the responsibilities of ition. So they declare he will o the cabinet. Hin A not the prevailing opinion Men who know Mr. Hanna's say that if a conflict is to supremacy in the iron ore trade be found he has foreseen it and his preparations. They belleve he this in mind when he arranged for hagement of his varied business in- Mark Hanna is still the guiding a dozen important enterprises, has surrounded himself with able ates in whom he has every conti- His brother looks after the bank- shipping-His son hag the full rs Arranged. This is Clevela in shrew for will but hi t of the street railways, in is a heavy stockholder. His ship- ping * are fn competent hands; and so it goes all along the line. He might pon a struggle with the Rocke- s with the feeling that his Heuten- were fully equipped to carry out the he may have formed in anticipa- Our business has grown and grown so that now it is colossal. is the result of work right along one steady and struggle to sell the very best tailor- made clothing at prices asked for ready= In that way ours is an odd busi- ness, but we have achieved an odd success. Full Dress Suits, silk lined, 25. MERTZ AND IIERTZ, New “Era” Tailors, 906 F Street N.W. GOSSE CS SLSOOSSHEOS OS | admitted | kept up of s we. Human nature is as strong In Cleveland as in other parts of the world. When en- vious politicians say Mark Hanna's star has reached tts zenith and is now falling they add to the chances that he will go i Major McKinley's ‘cabinet and test the du ity of hig own popularity and influenc Echoes of such talk rumbled back to Ohio after his visit to Washington. These echoes are still resounding through the state. Mr. Hanna since election has been keenly sensible of what It is to be sought for patronage snd for patronage alone. He never suspected the office-seekers constituted so large a proportion of the population. He ts still more charitable to the train of flatterers who burn incense in his wake than are the hardened politicians. However, he understands {t pretty well and his disposition ts to try the experiment and see if the predictions that his e will Wane with the distribution of patronage are correct. He has confidence enough in-him- self to believe that if he becomes a mem- ber of the McKinley administration he will continue a leading factor in national pol- ittcs. As he is already advocating a second Success. It is like all other It is permanent. It of years of ambition BES SS OSHS SOC OOOH DS OOHHSHO SOS ® S term for the major there will be ample opportunity to test his staying qualities as @ political manager. The second term cam- paign wouid naturally be under his imme- diate personal direction. His Visit to Washington. Some things in the Washington atmos- phere were unpleasant to Mr. Hanna and added to his personal disinclination to take up a four or eight years’ residence in the national capital. He couldn't quite under- stand why an incoming administration should have any of its whims opposed. He had set his heart on having the inaugura- tion ball held in the new Congressional Library building. No doubt troubled him lest when the preference of the President- elect was understood the opposition would continue. Senator Morrill's stubbornnes Nevertheless he came away cn believing that the library building would be selected. Many of the senators and representatives had told him so. Tt was consequently a surprise to read in the newspapers that the committee had selected the pension office, without even a suggestion of the Congressional Library. Some Disappointment Admitted. in a good-natured way Mr. Hanna has some disappointment at “those fellows in Congress.” They were not quite | So anxious to meet the wishes of the ad- ministration as he hoped they would be. He thought he might not get along with s a member of the cabinet ty as a private citizen. Hi: however, brush away this appre- Nor do they agree with Mr. Han- lea that the Treasury Department is se of the neces hension. na's i not the place for him, bec sity of being in close touch with Congress on the tariff and financial subjects. Mr. Hanna is not pronounced in advocating Mr. Dingley for Secretary of the Treasury, but it is not because of his own ambition to fill it. His present inclination is all toward the Post Office Department. Sherman and the Cabinet. In discussing Chairman Hanna’‘s future it Is not overlooked that the talk is still nator Sherman going into th cabinet as Secretary of State. Mr. Hanna would undoubtediy the Senate as the theater for his activity in public af- fairs, but no w is open for him to reach | it. In the unlikely event of Sherman go- ing into the cabinet no rance can pe had that Gov. ishnell would appuint Hanna to the vacancy. Such an appoint- ment weuld carry with it the reversionary-| right to the full six years’ term, and the Forake hnell faction in Ohio is not ready to yield its interest in the senator- hip. It will oppose Senator Sher- man's re-election Just as it would refuse to permit the appointment of Mr. Hanna to the vacancy if ene were created. CHAS. M. PEPPER. > THE RUSSIAN LIQUOR MONOPOLY. How the Czar’s Government Runs the Liquor Business. From the Boston Herald. In the official bulletin of statistics of the empire of the czar there has just been pub- lished an outline of the first results of the ereation ct the liquor monopoly in the four governments of Perm, Ocfa, Samara and Orenboorg—agricultural provinces of east Russia, having a population of about 1,- (4,000, Here the government took the liquor business into its own hands on the Ist of January, 1805. The average annual consumption of the preceding four years had been about 3,245,000, or a little over three gallons per head of the population. In the last twenty-five years consumption in the United States has never exceeded 1.51 gallons per head, and the average has been about 1.33, so that compared with the east Russians we must pass for a very temperate people. It was the benevolent purpose of the government in organizing the monopoly in spirits to satisfy the thirst of its subjects with better Hquor than they had been drinking, and to place the sale of it in more respectable hands. It Is said that vile as is the liquor usually dispensed in the dram shops of agricultural Russia, the people who sell it are of a character still more vile. Under the old system, the internal reve- nue tax or excise duty on spirits was $2 per gallon, and the average annual revenue de- rived from this source in the four provinces in question was $6,500,000. In the first year of the application of the system of govern- ment monopoly the income was $8,470,000. This is a good dea! more than was expect- ed, for the primary purpose of the monop- oly was not to make an immediate and direct addition to the revenue, but to use 1t as a means to accomplish certain social reforms. It was intended to exclude from consumption all unrectified spirits, to sup- press the giving of credit to the purchasers of alcoholic beverages, to expropriate the whole tribe of keepers of country drinking shops, and to reduce the number of bar rooms in the towns. The government was prepared for a considerable reduction in the amount of liquor consumed, and there- fore it made the price high enough to cover by an ample margin of profit the probable shrinkage in revenue. In short, the price had been so adjusted that consumption might remain stationary, and even be re- duced, without affecting the receipts for which the tax on alcohol used to figure. As the price to the purchaser of half a pint is in exact proportion to the price charged the purchaser of five gallons, it may be in- ferred that it is the purchaser of the larger quantity who suffers under the regime of government monopoly, while the purchaser at retail gets his tipple somewhat cheaper than he did before. This latter fact may have had something to do with the apparent increase of con- sumption in the four provinces selected for the first trial of the monopoly. The official bulletin does not give any returns of the amount consumed, but it is safe to infer that an increase of 35 per cent in the reve- nue Means a considerable increase in the amount of spirits imbibed. The drinking shops and their highly objectionable keep- ers have been abolished, for the govern- ment sells only by the flask, and allows no corks to be drawn on the premises, but the drinking habits of the people evidently re- main unimpaired. The result is curious, and students of sociology will watch with Interest the further development of the system. Meanwhile, it may be noted that the Russian bureaucracy, which we have been led to believe was hopelessly corrupt and incapable, has been able to accomplish what the state of South Carolina has es- sayed in vain—the getting of a fairly hon- est. accounting from those whom it em- ployed to superintend the state in liquor. On the ist of July last the sian system was further extended to other eleven bay of about 20, by July next it comy about half the population of the European division of the empire. us- an- will THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, JANUARY 2, 1897-24 PAGES. ii 2229990 29008 Seseoeeneeeesee (GREATER REPUBLIC Second Experiment of the Central American Union. SENOR RODRIGUEZ THE MINISTER History and Prospects of the New Confederation. FEATURES OF THE UNION Senor J. D. Rodriguez, the diplomatic rep- resentative lof the Greater Republic of Cen- tral America, has presented his credentials ard has been recognized by President Cleveland. Now begins a new era in the history of the Latin republics, who are making this, the second great effort in eighty years, to establish a confederation of states on plans similar to our owa Unit- ed States of America. Senor Rodriguez has established his legation at 1736 K street, ard in a day or two the flag of the union, the same that was flown by the old union, and is-still used by Nicaragua and Hon- duras, namely, two blue bars with a white bar between, will be displayed above the building. Senor Rodriguez is not new to the ways of the diplomats in this capital, though it has been several years since he was last in Washington. In 1881 and 1882 he was here as secretary of legation and charge d’ affaires, representing the Nica- raguan government. Again in 1889, for a few months, he assisted the Nicaraguan minister as counselor for the legation. ‘To the reporter, who called upon him today, he gave a cordial reception, and explained the formation and powers of the new x0" ernment. He also, with some reluctance, spoke of his own career, which has been leng and full of interest and succes: The New Minister. Senor Rodriguez, in years, is well up In the fifties, though his jet black, thick hair does not betray that age. In appearance he is short, perhaps five feet five,with some in- clination toward rotundity of form. His head is massive, his forehead broad and his eyes wide apart. About his mouth are the wrinkles, not of care, but of smiles, which indicate that his is the merriest of natures. “£ have had a long public career,” he an. swered in reply to a query concerning h personal history. “I was born cf humble parentage in Managua. My fa died when I was quite young, leaving his famisy without much means of subsisience. I set to work to earn a liying and to make my ay through school. I was successful and mpleted my education in Engi: dopt- ing the law as a profession. I was a sol- ier in the army of my country, and later entered politics “I worked my way from municipal coun- selor of Managua to Alcalde and then to Pi efeci. 1 was next 2 member of con- ress, then a senator and later a min- ster of public works. I served in diplo- matic service several years, representing ragua in Salvador, and alsu he = ary of legation. In the meantime i ed law in Managua and editel a newspaper, but I soon found that there Was little money in that business for me, and IT turned my attention to coffee plant- ing. That ts a business, 1 flatter my 1 know somethirg about. I like it, it is profitable. “The only member of my family with me is my son, J. D. Rodriguez, whe is attache of the legation > anu a son are in Central An: chile two other sons are being educated in Kurom. I like the American sysiem of education very well, but 1 want my sons to pecon proficient in the continental lange 1 think they can do better where foreign tongues are commonly he Confederatio: As Minister Rodriguez explained, the greater republic of Central America is a confederation of three states--Nicaragua, Honduras and Salvador terms. As yet the upon the simp! government is ratha primitive, for no constitution hus been adopted. The treaty of Amapala and its by-laws, under which the states uni‘ed, are recognized, for the present, as the or- ganic law. The presidents ‘of the ‘hree republics, Honduras, Nicaragua and Sai Vador, met at Amapala and devised ways and means for establishing in permancn manner the peace of Central Am+ and looking to the realization of the tiful ideal of the reconstrucii the ola cuntry. They signed a y putting into execution simple plans that may bi asily carried out, until the of a ral government can be completely real- ed. That treaty declares that the states agreeirg, shall form a single, political en- lity, “for the exercise of tneir trauscient scvereignty under the name of Greater Re- public of Central America.” In a follow- ing section those states specify that ‘they do not renounce their autonomy and their independence for the direction of their internal affairs, but they yield all of their individual rights in the matter of foreign affairs. For the fulfillment of their tirst agreement there shall be a diet, com- posed of a proprietary member anda sup- ply, elected by each one of the legislatures of the three republics signing. The term of office to be three years. The attributes of the diet, according to section 4 of the treaty, shall have for their principal object the maintenance of best harmony with all of the nations with which the governments signing cultivate friendly relations, celebrating for the pur- pose the treaties, agreements and compacts that may conduce to that end. In every treaty of friendship that the ciet may celebrate, it shall assign expressly the stipulation that all the questions that may be raised shall be decided exclusively and without excepticn, by means of arbi- tration. So long as the general asse:mb! a contemplated body similar to our Con- gress—does not exist, the ratification of treaties shall pertain to the legislatures of the three states. Likewise, when the diet has to pronounce a resolution that may affect the general interest, it shall issue in accord with the majority of members. The Legislature. It is remarkable how this diet resembles our old Contirental Congress, which was so hampered in its methods ard powers of legislation that it could, only with great- est difficulty, raise funds to prosecute war against Great Britain. That was no Con- gress for final action. The best our ccn- Urental fathers could de was to recom- mend to the colonies that money should be raised by taxation, or otherwise, to car- ry on war. And precisely as that Congress had its hands tied by the shackles of states’ rights the diet will be bound by this treaty, the organic law, which pro- vides that resolutions, etc., must first be submitted to the legislatures of individual states, The diet has ancther function, that of elucidating questions between republics signing the treaty and other nations, in ac- cordance with data and instructions which the governments that they affect may communicate to it. If a satisfactory set- tlement or arbitratjoh cannot be obtained notice shall be given to all states and the majority shall determine whether they will accept or declare war. This provision of the treaty reads very much like our colo- nial history. It is also provided that the diet shall arbitrate differences between signing governments, the object being to maintain peace and harmony in the union. To thes diet will also belong the nomina- tion of diplomatic and consular represen- tatives of the Greater Republic of Central America, as well as the reception and ad. mission of those accredited to it. This is a provision which directly affect the United States, because it will permit one of our Central American ministers to perform the work of two and save the salary and ex- penses of an extra legation. Guatemala’s Attitude. The meat of the treaty fs in section 14, which says: “‘Witbin three years or be- fore, if it should be possible, the diet shall form the plan of @ definite union of the republics signing, under the form which should seem to {it the most convenient, and hall give an account of it to the eral istembiy, componed of twent mamnbare elected mediately each one of the 3 im- afterward the diet shall have met two-thirds, at least, of the mem- bers nominated?” cei i et The tréaty conchided with an agreement to urge upon Guatemafa and Costa Rica to enter the proposed ‘union. Heretofore Guatemala has. been the stumbling block in the formation of a, federation because with her million and a half population she could comimand an unlisually large repre- sentation in the general assembly, and the other states objected to this. Policy of tie Union. “The pelicy of our new union,” said Senor Rodriguez, “Is to e#fend and cultivate friendly relations with foreign countries, particularly with the Whited States. I feel e1couraged by the cordial remarks of Pres- ident Cleveland in redéiving me. It shows that we can count upqp, the sympathies of the United States for tha future. Diplomat-. ic representatives have, been sent by the diet to the courts at Lorfdon, Paris and Berlin. If they are recognized as cordially as I have been, and I believe they will be, much will be accomplished toward estab- Ushing a permanent union. I believe our confederation will succeed and become per- manent, and as soon as it becomes plain to the other Central American states that cod is coming of it, I think they will sign the treaty of Amapala and join us. For half a century or more we have been work- ing to re-establish the union which was de- stroyed in 1838, and I believe our efforts will son prove successful. The trouble with the old union was that the people were hardly ready for the kind of government it provided; they did not take sufficient interest in it. When the ycke of Spain was thrown off it was decided to adopt the same kind of a government as you have here. But artificial sovereignties were formed and Ditter jealousies got the better of the judgment of the politicians. Internal diesensions were followed by civil wars which decimated the people. and on je 26th of October, 1838, the five states se- ceded one after another, dissolving the union. Declarations of independence were promulgated announcing each division to be 4 free and sovereign state. Work of Peace. “In recent years thé tendency has been tcward a more settled state of affairs and several efforts have been put forth looking to the re-establishment of the federation. But the question of state rights ‘has been the stumbling block. Annually for the last few years treaty conventions have been held in which all of the Central American states have participated. Each new treaty has been a stepping stone toward a final and complete union. For instance, a resi- Gent of Costa Rica is now eligible to the cffice of president of Nicaragua, Honduras ~ AMONG THE DEAD OF THE YEAR. These Prominent Men All Died of That Great Modern Curse—Bright’s Disease. M. B. BRADY. ‘The year just closed has furnished an alarming array of prominent men who have died of Bright's disease of the Kidneys. The number Includes Pro- fessor Austin Abbott, the great Jurist and author of law books; M. B. Brady, the famous pho- tographer; Col. Thos. W. Knox, the author of the ‘Boy Travele: Mark M. Pomeroy, the well- known editor; Mr. Edwin Pardridge, the prominent nt, and ex-Governor Greenhalge of It t is also certal that Bright's disease finds its victims among the prominent as well as among the miltfons of people OL. T. W. KNOX. MM. who are suffering with it today and yet do ‘not realize this serious fact There arc men a America who feel realize what it is that have pecullar in ‘strange lasxit in the back and regularity of the system. % may ‘of the bedy, 1. pains wolns and a general ir- These things mean Rright’s disease in some one | dition of health and. subs: of its various stages, and no man or woman is safe who has This terrivle disease was ones considered inenr- able. Eminent doctors so declared, but constant selentific and chemical experiments resulted ih a EX-007, GREENHALGE. EDWIN PARDRIDGE. Ascovery which is an absolute cure f sease, coven in its advancsl etzges one and only known remed plaint; its mame is Warner . It ts simply marvelous low ‘many people sre today kept in perfect owlth and strengts It has a pleasing, soothing and on the Kidneys amt all adjacent es promptly, puts the cates B js the com: err | tt reites ery. Testimonials of its great. powe- faraished by the thousands, but all intelligent mon and women, as well ax the inedical profession. Khe its great power and the grand work it is doing in the world. A NATION'S SCHOOL Need of the Republic for a Great University. Tt WOULD ADVANCE DEMOCRACY David Starr Jordan Gives His Views in the Forum. WASHINGTON a LOCATED AT or other states, and vice versa. Free trade |. has been established, extradition is allowed as among the states of North America and professional men can practice in their own or other.provinces without being obliged to undergo examinations a second time. “This being a peaceful effort of ours to build a permanent union, we expect at some time, perhaps not far distant, the other states will join us. But no resort to arms or violence is intended. to bring them into the federation. If they come we shall be very glad; if they don’t, we shall be very sorry; but their coming will not be con- spired.”’ e+ —______ MR. MONEY AT HAV He Called at the Palnce, but Saw Only an Aid. Senator-elect Money of Mississippi, who a member of the committee on foreign irs of the House of Representatives, aid a visit yesterday to the palace in Havana, accompanied by Consul General Lee and Vite Consul, General Springer. he Marquis of Ahumada, acting captain general, was absent,,@nd an aid-de-camp informed. the visitorscthat General Weyler would soon return to ;Havana. Mr. Money expressed his regret gt.not seeing the mar- auis and at being unable to await the re- iurn of Gen. Weyler,;before he left the island. Vice Consul General Springer will sail for the United "Stafes today on the sieamer Olivette. 1 Francisco Rovirosa Ntasisent to the Chaf- arinas, but upon arriving at Porto Rico + was liberated, it peing proved that he was a Mexican. ‘He ‘will, however, be ex- pelled from the islafra. Coolness ait Madrid. The London Standardis Madrid corre- spondent says: “Publig,opinion. has re+ ceived the announcement,af, concessions to Porto Rico rather coldly, as involving a reversal of the colonial policy under press- ure from the United States and Europe. The Correo, Siglo, Futuro and several other liberal, military, Carlist and ultra- snonteine newspapers. will be prosecuted for attacking the commissariat and hos- pital staffs in Cuba. The opposition will oring the maiter before the corte: Gen, Weyler Says It's All Over. ‘The war correspondent of La Lucha of iiavana, Senor Canarte, has telegraphed 0 his paper the substance of an interview which he had with Captain General Wey- ser, whose column he joined at San Cristo- val. A short distance from Rio Hondo the column halted, and the Spanish commander had breakfast on foot and on the high- way, with his staff and his son Fernando. After breakfast, while on the march, the apiain general assured the correspondent that there was only about 500 insurgents iu the province of Pinar del Rio, adging: ‘L_am able to say that the provinée is pacified. Sickness, bullets and hunger will verminate the revolution. I will treat the leaders with consideration if they surrender all, or nearly all, their followers. “Nobody can consider himself the owner of the cattle in the mountains and woods which were born last year, and I allow the soldiers and the poor to gather them to- gether and get what benefit they can from them. I have also provided for the estab- lishment of cultivation zones, in order to avoid famine, and I congratulate myself upon the suppression of the revolution in Pinar del Rio. The rebels are lacking in valor and other elements to make the up- rising a success. » “With the assistance of the commercial chambers, I hope to establish cultivation zones in the province of Havana, between he two railroad lines, but I cannét allow people to build houses outside of the towns, as they only serve as a refuge for bandits. Rius Rivero (the name hitherto spelled generally Ruis Rivera) is disregarded by the Cuban partisans, and is lacking in the qualities necessary to make an insurgent ccmmander, and neither Quintin Bandtras nor Calixto Garcia has as much prestige as Antonio Maceo.” : At San Cristobal Gen. Weyler joined forces with those of Gen. Obregon, trom Candelaria, where the captain general put up at the house of the parish priest, Pa- tricio Antique, who was the general's com- panion in the ten years’ war. At Candelaria and at San Cristobal there are Spanish hospitals, each capable of ac- commodating 800 sick soldiers. Both hos- pitals are well supplied with attendants, ard Senor Canarte says it would be impos- sible for the sick to be better looked after. He adds that both hospitals are clean and in good order. ——__+ e+ ____ Useful Information ‘for E¥ery One. The Evening Star A'finahac is a practical handbook of useful, eyeryday information, of interest to every pne,,and is brim full of historical, political, religious and educa+ tional facts. 25 cents a‘topy. For sale at the business office of thé Evening Star and at all news stands, *) > ar Plain, Practiésil Courtship, From the Chicago Post. ©* 5° She was essentially a modern girl of the society variety, and She smiled upon him because, although rather, eld and not much of a society man, he w4s.well fixed in a financial way. 19:8 ’m a plain, practical man,” he said bluntly when he thought 4he time had come to propose. “I haven't tie gift of gab, and I believe in coming a ie weet at once anyway. I want you for my wife.” “I am a thoroughly practical girl,” she replied, with equal bluntness. “I do not be- Heve in meaningless speeches and round- about methods. How much do you bid?" Understanding each other so perf. 7 it was a simple matter to. ity. 7 the mipor details and decide upon‘the date he wedding. ————__+e-____ A Serious: Defect. From the Chicago Record, “His new picnic grove was a failure, 1 believer” ee “Yes—hopelessly 80.” “What was the matte:?” “The Urgent Need of a National Univer- sity” is the title of an effective article vy David Starr Jordan in th®¥orum for Janu- ary. Mr. Jordan shows the splendid re- sults that might be realized from the establishment of a great university at the capital. He regards such an institution of learning as a national and not as a local need of the District of Columbia, and be- lieves its influence would become world wide in the advancement of republican principles. After introducing his subject Mr. Jordan says: Need of a National University. This century has seen some epoch-mak- ing events in the history of cur republic. ‘The war of union, the abolition of slavery— one and the same in essence—mark the same movement of the republic from me- diaevalism to civilization. But the great deed of the century still remains Sune ou the time of Washington, have contemplated bull: university at the nation’s capital. 3 have planned a university that shall be national and American, as the universi- ties of Berlin and Leipzig are national and German; a university that shall be the culmination of our public school system, and that by its vivifying influence shall quicken the pulse of every part of that system. For more than a century, wise men have kept this project in mind. For more than a century, wise men have seen the pressing need of its accompiishment. For more than a century, however, the exigencies of poiitics or the indifference of pelitical managers Have caused post- ponement of its final consideration. Basal Muterial Already Gathered. Meanwhile, about the national capital, by the very necessities of the case, the basal material of a great university has been al- ready gathered( The Nationa! Museum and the Army Medical Museum far exceed all other similar collections in America in the amount and value of the material gathered for investigation. The Library of Congress is our greatest public library; and, in the nature of things, it will always remain so. The geological survey, the coast and geo- detic survey, and the biological divisions of the Department of Agriculture are con- stantly engaged in investigations of the highest order, conducted by men of uni- versity training, and possible to no other men. The United States fish commission is the source of a vast part of our knowl- edge of the sea and sea life. Besides these there are many other bureaus and divisions in which scientific inquiry constitutes the daily routine. The work of these depart- ments shouid be made useful, not only in its conclusions, but in its methods. A uni- versity consists of investigators teaching. All that the national capital needs to make a@ great university of it is that a body of real scholars should #® maintained to train other men in the work now so worthily car- ried on. To do this would be to bring to America, in large degree, all that Ameri- can scholars now seek in the University of Berlin. Students will come wherever op- portunities for investigation are given. No standards of work can be made too high; for the severest standards attract rather than repel men who are worth educating. . . eae a tet ie ae) Ever since law-givers The Need of the Nation. It is not the needs of the District of Co- lumb{fa, which are to be met by a univer- sity of the United States. The local needs are well supplied already. It is the need of the nation, and not of the nation alone, but of the world. A great university in America would be a school for the study of civic freedom. A great university at the capital of the republic would attract the free-minded of all the earth. It would draw men of all lands to the study of democracy. It would tend to make the workings of democracy worthy of respect- ful study. The new world has its lessons as well as the old, and its material for teaching these lessons should be made equally adequate. Mold and ruin are not necessary to a university; nor are tradi- tions and precedents essential to its effec- tiveness. The greatest of Europe's univer- sities is one of her very youngest. Much of the greatness of the University of Berlin is due to her escape from the dead hands of the past. It is in this release that the great promise of the American University lies. Oxford and Cambridge are still choked by the dust of their own traditions. Be- cause this is so men have doubted whether England has today any universities at all. What It Should Be. The National University should not be an institution of general education, with its rules and regulations, college classes, good- fellowship, and foot ball team. It should be the place for the training of investiga- tors and of men of action. It should admit no student who is under age or who has not a definite purpose to accomplish. It has no tfme or strength to spend in laying the foundations for education. Its func- tion lies not in the conduct of examinations or the granting of academic degrees. It is not essential that it should give profes- sional training of any kind, though that would be desirable. It should have the same relation to Harvard and Columbia and John Hopkins that Berlin University now -holds. It should fill, with noble adequacy, the place which the graduate departments of our real universities par- tially occupy. In doing so it would furnish a stimulus which would strengthen all sim- flar work throughout the land. Graduate work has yet to be taken se- riously by American universities. Their teachers have carried en original research, if at all, in hours stolen from their dally tasks of plodding ard prodding. The graduate student has been allowed to shift for himself, and he Was been encou to select a university not for tral it offers, but because of some bonus in the form of scholarships. The “free lunch’ inducement to investigation will never build up a university. Fellowships can never take the of men or books or essen a university work as already exist-at Some the half-hearted friends of the Netiogal Usirenity have been fearful lest ] lest the shadow of the boss should darken the doors of the university with the para- lyzing influence which it has exerted on the employes of the custom house. I be- lieve this to be a groundless fear. All plans for a national university provide for a non-partisan board of control. Its ex- officio members are to be chosen from the ablest jurists and wisest men of science the courtry ci claim. Such a board now controls the National Museum and the Smithsonian Institution, and no accusa- tion of partisanship or favoritism has ever been brought against it. Influence of Sch ira Here. ‘Concluding. Mr. Jorden says: “The schol- ars aid investigators now maintained at Washington exert an influence far beyond that of their official position. If the Har- vard faculty and its graduate students met or. the Capitol Hill, if their influence were in the departmental work, and their pres- ence in social life. Washington would be- come a changed city. To the force of high training and academic self-devotion is to be traced the immense influence exerted in Washington by Joseph Henry, Spencer F. Baird and Brown Goode. Of such men as these are universities made. When such men are systematically selected from our body of university professors and brought to Washington and allowed to surround themselves with like men of the next gen- eration, w2 shall indeed have a national capital. By this means we shail create the best guarantee of the perpetuity of our re- public; that it shall not, like the republics cf old, ‘go down in unreason, anarchy and blood.’ In the long run, the voters of a ration mast be led by its wisest men. Their wisdom must beccme the wisdom of the many, else the nation will perish. A univer- sity is simply a contrivance for making wisdom effective by surrounding wise men vith the conditions most favorable for rendering wisdom contagious. There is no instrument of political. social or adminisira- tive reform to be compared with the influ- ence of a national universit: DEATH. His Physteian Believes That He At- tempted Suicide Once Before. The inquest on the body of J. B. McCul- lagh, late editor of the St. Louis Globe- Democrat, whose remains were found un- der his bed room window Thursday, began yesterday in St. Louis. It developed the fact, through the testi- mony of Dr. C. H. Hughes, Mr. McCullagh’s physician, that the deceased made what was at the time believed to be an attempt at suicide December 23. On that day, Dr. Hughes testified, he called on Mr. McCul- lagh, and left with him a four-ounce bottle containing two ounces of digitalis, a power- ful heart tonic, an overdose of which would have the effect of paralyzing the action of the heart. The same night Mr. McCullagh took one ounce of the medicine, enough to have caused death, but which, owing to the weak condition of his stomach, was im- mediately rejected. When Dr. Hughes called the next morning he was great}: alarmed, and asked Mr. McCullagh if b had taken that amount, an evasive answer being given. Dr. Hughes testified that he was satisfied Mr. McCullagh had not taken the medicine by mistake. The physician at once con- nected the startling circumstances with a conversation had with Mr. McCullagh shortly before, in which (ue iatter -poke of the death of Abraham Lincoln, saying that he died at a good time, and that when any man outlived his usefulness it was time for him to go. Dr. Hughes then testified as to Mr. Mc- Cullagh’s strange and evasive manner on the day preceding his death, and concluded his testimony with the positive statement that his impression was that the case was one of suicide. Liveryman Louis C. Bohle, the closest personal friend of the deceased, was also to have testified, but, as he failed to ap- Pear, the examination was continued until this morning. Mrs. McKee, daughter of the original pro- prietor of the Globe-Democrat, accompanied by a friend, went out to’ Bellefontaine cemetery yesterday and selected a location for the grave of the deceased, which will be in the McKee family lot. William Berry Armstrong, a nephew of the deceased, arrived from Chicago yes- terday, and Mrs, Rachel Souter, a sister, is expected to arrive from Brooklyn, N. ¥., today. A mass meeting of newspaper men will be held today for the purpose of taking appropriate action on the death of Mr. Mc- Cullagh. s ‘The funeral this afternoon will be very simple. The elght pallbearers have been selected from the heads of departments of the Globe-Democrat. ‘The list of honorary pallbearers will con- sist of leading citizens of St. Louis, prin- cipally representing the republican party. —— a GRANT'S MIDNIGHT RIDE. The Genera Aversion to Turning Back Almost a Superstitio: Gen. Horace Porter in the January Century. At 11 o'clock word came to Grant and “Meade that their headquarters escorts and ‘wagons were delaying the advance of War- ren’s corps, and they decided to move on to Todd's tavern in order to clear the way. The woods were still on fire along parts of the main road, which made it almost im- passable, so that the party turned out to the right into a side road. The intention was to take the same route by which the cavalry had advanced, but it was difficult to tell one road from another. The night was dark, the dust was thick, the guide who was directing the party be- came confused, and it was uncertain whether we were going in the right direc- tion or riding into the lines of the enemy. The guide was for a time suspected of treachery, but he was innocent of such a charge, and had only lost his bearings. Col. Comstock rode on in advance, and, hearing the sound of marching columns not far off on our right, came back with this news, and it was decided to return to the Brock General Grant at first demurred when it was proposed to turn back, and urged the guide to try and find some cross road lead- ing to the Brock road, to avoid retraci our steps. This was an instance of hi marked aversion to turning back, which amounted almost to a superstition. He often put himself to the greatest inconvenience to avoid it. When he found he was not traveling in the direction he intended to take, he would try all sorts of cross-cuts, ford streams and jump any number of fences to reach an rather than go back and take a fresh start. If he had been in the place of the famous apprentice boy who wandered away from London, he would never have been thrice mayor of that city, for with him Bow — en [THE BATTLE OF THE NILE Its Effect and Its Influence Were Far- Reaching. . of Europe Was € valsed From End to End When the News Was Known. Capt. A. ‘T. Mahan ir, the January Century. Of thirteen French ships of the line ail but two were taken or destroyed. The fleet was annihilated. “Victory,” said Nelson, justly, “is certainly not a name strong enough for such a scene as I have passed.” In completeness of immediate results upon the field, no fleet action has ever equaled the battle of the Nile. Upon the fortunes of the particular enterprise which elicited it—Bonaparte's oriental expedition—the © fect was absolutely decisive. It became im- pessible, and was by experience demon- strated to be impoesible, to afford to the expeditionary force the renewal of men and supplies upon which depended not only the prosecution of the undertaking, but even position already the maintenance of the achieved. The influence of the battle of the Nile was 3 of more far-reaching stll; the continent Evrope became convulsed from end t as soon as the news was received. by Bonaparte’s career of victory in 5 and by the submission of Austria to terms of peace, the French government had en- tered upon a course of arrogant aggression toward other countries—of which the un- provoked Egyptian expedition was only one Aample—that had aroused the wrath of «ll nations. Ever’ the United States was forced from its attitude of benevolent neutrality, which had depended upon the tradition of the war of independence and the adoption by France of republican institutions The general resentment in Europe was, however, curbed by experience of the might of the French revolutionary movement, and of the French armies when wielded by a man like Bonaparte, and there was want- ing the demonstration of some power capa- he of imposing an absolute check upon their future progress. The battle of the Nile gave such a demonstration. As Neison said, it was more than a victory: it was a catastrophe. The French fleet was annini- lated, the Mediterranean passed into the absolute control of Great Britain, the flo er of the French army and the invincible Bonaparte were cut off hopelessly from France. Turkey, previously overawed by ihe fleet, d d war ina month. Ausiria, Russia and Naples had already drawn to- gether in coalition. They were embold as the permanence of the c: nditions du > the battle became evident, to pursue their military enterprises upon a scale wich brought the republic to the brink of ruin, from which it was saved only by the un expected and fortuitous return of Bona- parte, and his accession to supreme power, a year later. Bgfore the year 1f9S expired, a combined Russian and Turkish fleet ¢n_ tered the Mediterranean from the Bl sea, and undertook to wrest the lonian Islands from France. In India the move- ments against the Brit lom ion ich had been fomented by French negotiation and which Bonaparte expected to foster, fell_still-born when the disaster bec. ne known there. Nelson, aware of the im- portance of the news to British interests had ac once dispatched a special messeng-1 overland to Bombay. ‘The general satisfaction, not t tation, was shown by the honc say ¢xul- nd re- wards showered from all sides upon the victor. The sultan and the czar, the kings of Sardinia and of the Two Sicilles, sent messengers of congratulation and rich presents, the czar accompanying his with an autograph letter. On the part of his own country, the two houses of parliament voted their thanks and « pension of £2,000 a year. The East India Company by a gift of £10,000 acknowledged the security gaine for the Indian possessions. Other ind vidual corporations took appropriate notic of the great event; instances so far apart as the cities of London and Palermo and the island of Zante showing how wide- spread was the sense of relief. In titular rank Nelson was raised to lowest grade of the peerage Baron Nel- son of the Nile. Indignant comment was made in some quarters upon the inadequacy of this advancement ‘o the brilliancy and importance of the service done. The min- istry justified its action upon the technical ground that, though no superior was with- in two thousand miles of Aboukir, Nelscn was nevertheless a subordinate flag cffic not a commander-in-chief. Not less gratifying to him, with his sensi- tive appreciation of friendship and susce tibility to flattery, must have been the nu- merous letters of congratulation he re- ceived from friends in and out of the ser- vice, and especially from men whose ¢mi- nence and professional standing made their praise a sound criterion for the calm ¢{ter- judgment of mankind. Besides many ot officers of character and reputation, t three great admirals, Lords Howe, Hood and St. Vincent, the leaders of the navy in rank and distinguished service, wrote to him in the strongest terms of admiration. The latter two did not hesitate to style the battle the greatest achievement that his- tory covld produce, while Howe's languag: ‘as so only because, like ‘ore precise in character- izing the special merits of the action, and was the-efore acknowledged by Nelson with particular expressions of pleasure, From the Detroit Free Press, “There's nothing in the world more con- tagious than good, hearty laughter,” de- clared the manager who had a rough-and- tumble time of it in his earlier days, but is now on the warm and sunny side of “Easy street.” “One time, down in southern Ohio, 1 struck a town that was really virgin soil for the theatrical missionary. There wasn't a minute of daylight (that our posters were uot surrounded by a crowd with mouths and eyes wide open. When night came the hall was jammed, but is couldn't have been @ less responsive audience if the penalty forts of the arctic climate, who should ap- pear at the window of the box office but big ‘Bill’ Meeker, that I used to know at home. He was a traveling man, and with —. was ‘Shorty’ Tompkins, just as big a ‘For heaven's sake, “Bill, Ei i i te ‘a Hh idl i : i z