Evening Star Newspaper, February 1, 1896, Page 20

20 ANDREW JACKSON Old Hickory’s Early Life Described by Amos Kendall. A BICGRAPHY LEFT UNFINISHED Descriptions of Stirring Incidents in Jackson’s Boyhood. SOME OLD PICTURES z MOS. KENDALL, ¢ born in Massachu- oy) setts August 16, 1789, after holding the office of fourth auditor of the treas- ury about five year: = ewas appointed Pos’ master General by President Jackson June 1, 1835, and-he resigned that office on the fst of May, 1840. He was then in reduced circum- stanées pecuniarily, and he took up his pen for support. writing leading editori:! arti- eles for the Globe, which paper was more or less under his direction in the presiden- tial campaign of 1840, which resulted in the election of Harrison and Tyler. Imme- diately on leaving office, or just before, he announced his purpose of writing also the “Life of General Andrew Jackson,” to be issued in separate parts, and to make, when d, an octavo book, to cost $2.50, uble by subscription, either entirely in ance or as the separate parts appeared. I remember that I paid the full price in ad- vance. Now comes the singular fact that when this work reached the last line of page 288, and had carried the biography up to April. 1SM, it was suddenly broken off in the middle of a sentence. I do not remember what, if any, explanation was male for this strange ending, nor have I been abi to find any reference whatever to the w in the “Autobiography of Amos Kendall edited by his son-in-law, William Stickne I only know that, years ago, I had the several parts bound in one volumi which I believed to be, perhaps, the onl: of the kind extant, until I | that there fs an: sional Library. Seeing th written of this work Is exceéding! esting, it is greatly to be regretted that the author could not have finished it. Besides a full-length Jackson at the Herm N Pictures, itl of the text, plate drawings, all, I think, on portrait of Jackson represents ing cape overcoat, holding In his right hand his tasseled cane and crap: bound broad-brimmed white hat, a view rmitage being shown in the back- gives a brief genealozy of the Jackson family for three generations. Their an tors emigrated at a period un- k from Scotland to the province of me of Gen. Jack- able farme sound common sense, liberal hospitality. Andrew, of the four, married the younzest beth Hutchison, and, with their two sons, Hugh and Rob- ert, emigrated, with three of his neighbors, h Carolina in 1765, where they pur- d lands and settled near one another Wax tlement, not far from the March, 17 born. His died about the time of his birth, leaving his name to his infant son. Of this abbreviated history I propose to give only a brief synopsis, using, as may Berve me, the author’s own language, or Gen. Andrew Jackson. (The Hermitage Picture.) outline with characteristic anecdotes. At the death of her husband, Mrs. Jackson was left with a new farm, without slaves, and with three young sons to raise and educate. The two younger, Robert and Andrew, she kept with her,but the oldest lived some yea: in the family of a neighbor, named McKin- ‘tious to see Andrew in the church, placed him, at a proper age, un- ‘ge of Mr. Humphries, principal of the Waxhaw Academy. He had made considerable progress in his studies, includ- ing Latin and Greek, when the ravages of the revolutionary war approached the Wax- haw settlement. The most of the fighting had taken place at the north, when the British commanders resolved in 1778 to attempt the conquest of the sparsely settled south. Savannah was captured in December of that year, and South Carolina invaded in the spring of 177. Hugh Jackson, the general’s oldest brother, marched with a company, under vn Davis, to aid in repelling the invaders, and at the battle of Stono, fought on the poe of June, lost his life from excessive eat. For some time Lord Cornwallis, the Brit- ish commander-in-chief at the south, had almost everything his own way in Georgia snd South Carolina; but Sumter, Marion, Buford and other American officers were on the alert and kept him busy by harassin, end attacking with their raw, in-equipped recruits when least expected. Some of these recruits had for weapons farming utensils, which were wrought into rude arms by com- mon blacksmiths, and pewter dishes were molded into bullets for want of lead. Some- times they went into battle with not three rounds of ammunition to a soldier, and men . Without arms would watch the progress of a fight, and if they saw a companion fall rush “forward, seize his arms and ammunition and supply his place in the conflict. Georgia had been apparently subjugated, and Charleston, S. C., was next invested by a strong British force on the 30th of March, 1780, and although bravely defended, was compelled to surrender on the 12th of May. The southern army, save about 400 men and two six-pounders, under Col. Buford, was — with the city. On the approach of ‘ornwallis, he dispatched Col. Tarleton with 40 dragoons, 130 legion cavalry and 100 mounted legion infantry in pursuit. He ap- | sa Buford on the 29th of May, in the Waxhaw settlement. A battle, or rath r butchery, ensued, in which 113 of the Amer- icans were killed end 150 desperately wound- ed. Very few escaped, and the two pieces of cannon, with a considerable amount of am- munition and stores of various kinds, fell into the hands of the enemy. Shortly after this, Lord Rawdon was sent with a small force to Waxhaw settlement for the pur of conciliating or over- awing the inhabitants. Some of them gave their paroles not to take part in the war thereafter, but the greater number, includ- ing Mrs. Jacksun and her two sons, ..ot be- ing able to resist Rawdon’s force, nor will- ing to commit any act of infidelity to their country, retired into North Carolina. It was at the Waxhaw meeting house, con- verted into a hospital after the battle just Gescribed, that Andrew Jackson, then ti teen years old, first saw the horrors of war. in August, 1780, Col. Davis, with a num- ber of the Waxhaw settlers, among whom were Robert and Andrew Jackson, marched to the attack of Hanging Rock, but when most of the British camp was in his posses- sion, a large number of men gave them- selves up to plundering and drinking, and percekving their condition was every minute coming worse, he judictously resolved to retire. This was Gen. Jackson’s first field, and the command of Col. Darie, in which he and his older brother fought, particular- vy distinguished itself and suffered heavy loss. Gen. Gates was now edvancing upon Camden with a strong force, but encounter- ae the British under Lord Cornwallis, and Col. Tarleton near Sander’s creek, he was badly routed on the 15th of August. Not being attached to any military corps cn ac- count of their youth, Robert and Andrew Jackson did not participate in any of these comnts of cutting out of his ison inclosure fence, through which he looked, Andrew wi ed the battle of Camden on the 25th of April, 1781, meee after a severe confi Gen. Greene was defeated by Rawdon. to the affectionate heart of the mother was the spectacle her boys presented. Both of them were affected by the smallpox, which had just appeared upon the skin, both were emaciated to skeletons, and almost naked. The gash in Robert's head from the British sword had never been dressed, and from the wound, the smallpox, and privation he was so reduced he could riot walk, or even ride, without being held on his horse. The mother, lowever, had no resource but to start for home with her melancholy charge. For the whole company there were but two INDIANS ATTACH ING a SATION. (Reproduced from Amos Kendall's Book.) more distant operations. Having returned to the Waxhaw settlement with their moth- er they now, about the Sth of September, on the near approach of Cornwallis, again retired to North Carolina. The British met with defeat at King’s mountain on the 7th of October, soon after which Cornwallis commenced his retreat. dent Scotch doctor, whose sympathies were all with America, was compelled to act as guide upon a night march under the special observation of a corporal and two dragoons. The night was dark and rainy. Perceiving that his guard did not suspect him, the doctor led the army iato a by-path which passed through thick woods, briers, ravines, marshes and creeks scarcely for able. After marching them six hours through difficulties constantly increasing, he eluded the vigilance of his guard and betook himself to the woods. On the ap- proach of day the army-found their way to the road, but not without leaving behind about twenty wagons loaded with supplies for the army, a printing press, many other stores and the knapsacks of Tarleton’s legion. ‘fhe main purpose of this sketch being to trace, in the briefest manner, «the sal‘ent points in the life of Andrew Jackson, in- terspersed with anecdote, no attempt will be made to follow in detail these revolu- tionary scenes, nor the later military and other prominent acts of his remarkable eareer. Like other boys big enough to carry muskets, he and his brother Robert incurred the dangers of men. They had their horses and their guns, and Hke their kindred and neighbors, were almost con- stantly with some armed party. Men could not, unguarded, sleep in their own houses without danger of surprise and murder. It was on such an occasion that Andrew Jackson gave the first illustration of that quickness of thought and promptitude of action which placed him among the first military commanders. A whig captain, named Lands, desired to spend a night with his family. Robert and Andrew Jackson, with six others, constituted his guard. There were nine men and seven muskets. A party of tories became apprised of Lands’ return and determined to surprise and kill him. Dismounting they divided Into two parties, one advancing round the east end of the stable toward the east door of the house, and the other round the west end toward the west door. At this moment the inmates were aroused, and hastening to a forked apple tree standing before the east door of the house Jackson placed his gun through the fork of the tree and hailed the approaching band. Having repeated his hail without an answer, and perceiving the party rap‘dly advancing and but a few rods distant, he fired. A volley was re- turned which killed a soldier standing near him. The other band of tories had now emerged from the west end of the stable, and mistaking the discharge of the advance party, then nearly on a line between them and the apple tree, for the fire of a sally- ing party from the house, commenced a sharp fire upon their own friends. Then both parties were brought to a stand. Our young hero, after discharging his gun, re- turned to the house, and with two others, commenced a fire from the west door, where both of his companions were shot down, one of them with a mortal wound. The tories still kept up the fire on each other as well as on the house, until startled by the sound of a cavalry charge in the distance, they betook themselves to their horses and fled. These incidents are de- picted in a fine engraving, showing young Jackson firing from the apple tree, the fallen soldier, other soldiers with their guns at the door of the house and the enemy at a short distance off. Jackson was then scarcely fourteen years old. Being informed that the Waxhaw settlers had returned home, Lord Rawdon dispatch- ed a force composed of a body of light dragoons, a company of regular infartry and a band of tories to capture or destroy them. The settlers, about forty In 1umber, including Robert and Andrgw Jackson, re- solved to fight, and while waiting an ex- pected reinforcement under Capt. Nerbit, they were surprised by the sudden appear- ance of the enemy, and eleven of the little bend were taken, and the rest mounted their horses and fled. Andrew Jackson was accompanied in his flight by Lieut. Thomas Crawford, and they soon found themselves pursued. Lieut. Crawford was overtaken, and after a hand-to-hand conflict with a British officer, was severely wounded, and upon a promise of quarter, surrendered. Young Jackson continued his flight, and falling in with his brother, they remained tegether during the next night, and on the approach of morning concealed themselves in a thicket on the banks of a small creek not far from Crawford's house. Feeling themselves secure, and being very hungry, they concluded to leave their horses and uns and venture to Mr. Crawford's house fa quest of food. Unfortunately, the dra- goons and tories had traced out their re- treat, seized their horses and guns, and being guided by a noted tory to Crawford's house, took them prisoners. Mrs. Craw- ferd, with several children, were the in- mates of the house. A scene of destruction immediately commenced. All the glass, crockery and other furniture were dashed in pieces, all the bedding and the clothing of the family, except what they had on, were cut and torn into fragments. No at- tempt was made by the British officers com- manding to arrest this destruction. While it was in progress, he ordered Andrew Jackson to cl his muddy boots. The young soldier refused, claiming to be treat- ed with the respect due to a‘prisoner of war. Instead of applauding this man spirit in one so young, the cowardly ruf- fian struck at his head with his sword, but throwing up his left hand, the intended victim received a gash upon it, the sear of which he carried to his grave. Turning to Robert Jackson, the officer ordered him to perform the menial task, and receiving a like refusal, gimed a furious blow at his head also, and inflicted a wound from which he never recevered. i: After these exhibitions of ferocity, the party set Andrew Jackson upon a horse and ordered him, on pain of instant death, to lead them to the house of a well-known whig by the name of Thompson. Instead of leading them by the usual route, he tcok them in a roundabout way over the emi- nence in sight of the house half a mile dis- tant, so that Thompson, if at home, might see them approach, which he did, and his horse being hitched ready for flight, he happily made his escape as the dragoons rushed to capture him. He and his brother with about twenty other prisoners were now taken, over forty miles, to Camden, not a mouthful of food or a drop to drink being given them on the way. In fording streams, when they stoop- ed to take up a little water in the palms of thelr hands to assuage their burning throats, . they «were ordered to desist by their brutal guard. Arrived at Camden, they were with about two hundred and fifty other prisoners, confined in a redoubt sur- rounding the jail. Besides being treated here with great cruelty, with no and but c scanty subsistence, while they were taunted and told by the tories they would be hung as rebels, the smallpox made its appearance among them, aggravating their sufferings in a manner frightful to con- template. Andrew Jackson and his brother were held at Camden several weeks, when they were finally restored to their mother by an horses. Mrs. Jackson rode one, on the other Robert was held by his more able companions, while Andrew walked, bare- footed and with scant apparel. Their journey was over forty miles through a desolate country. About two hours before they reached its end a drenching rain com- menced. The almost instantaneous effect was to drive in the smallpox on both boys. In two days Robert breathed his last. An- drew became immediately delirious with a raging fever and remained for several days in a situation almost hepeless. By kind nursing and the assiduous attention of a physician named Tongue the disease was again brought out, and Mrs. Jackson had the consolatioa to believe that one son was to be spared to her and to his country. Be- f$re his final recovery, this remarkable woman left him on another errand of mercy, to minister to the American cap- tives In the prison ship at Charleston, where their sufferings were horrible almost beyond description. On the way home In i = Pa \G JACKSON'S PRESENCE ir arms and ammunition one dead . These expeditions w nally re- ee until 1794, when e party from ie vicinity of Nashville, yng whom was Andrew Jackson, attacked and destroyed the town of Nickajack, neamthe Tennessee river. By his pelenty in these affa: well as upon the wildern, road, he has scquirey ie respect of ‘the Indians, who called him “Sharp Knite’.and “Pointed Arrow.” Nor had he gafndd less respect among the hardy and brave men who were his companions, =o When he first visited the settlements upon the Cumberland thetp jwas but one li- censed lawyer in west ‘fennessee. The debtors there had engaged this lawyer to aid them in resisting payntént. On Jack- son’s arrival the creditors flocked around him, and he immediately frigtituted a mul- titude of suits. He was threatened with personal violence if he did. not desis, but they mistook the man, a#they soon found out. He at once resolvei to make the neighborhood of Nashville-his permanept home, to-remain true to his clients and break down the conspiracy which depriv- ed them of the protectio1 of the laws. At that time he took board in the family of Mrs, Doneison, the widow of Col. John Dorelson, whose daughter Rachel, then Mrs. Robards, afterward became his wife. Rachel was celebrated for her beauty, her affability and the sweetness of her temper, and was accomplished above the standard of the times. Her husband, Capt. Lewis Robards, was dissolute in habits,” morose in temper, and, without the slightest- cause, became jealous of her, making her life so wretched that she left him and subse- quently obtained a divorce from him. Gen. Jackson first saw her while she was yet the wife of Robards, at the humble cabin of her mother, where she had taken refuge from her brutal husband. Through the in- tercession of friends, husband and wife were reunited, and resided for a time at her mother’s; but his jealous disposition soon found a new object in Andrew Jack- son, who, in the consciousness of his own honor, did not suspect that his polite at- tentions to Mrs. Robards were construed by her husband into evidence of base de- signs. Judge Overton expostulated with Robards upon the injustice and cruelty of his causeless suspicions; but such was the temper of the man that the interview ended with mutual defiances. To relieve the fam- ily as far as he could, Jackson immediately left the Donelson's and took board at Mansker’s Station. In a few mont Ro- bards started for Kentucky, with the de- clared intention never to return. Thus, Mrs. Robards found herself abandoned by her husband a second time, under pretenses as injurious to her character as they were unfounded in fact; and it being rumored that he was about to return for the pur- pose of compelling her to go with him to Kentucky, she, to place herself beyond his reach, determined to move to Natchez with the family of Col. Stark, an elderly man, who, apprehensive of danger from the In- dians, invited Jackson, “perhaps indis- creetly,” to accompany him, which he did, and immediately returned. This was in the OF MIND. (Reproduced from Amos Kendall's Book.) the neighborhood of Charleston, she was seized with the fever then prevailing among the prisoners, which soon put an end to her existence. On her departure for Charleston, Mrs. Jackson left her remain- ing son at the house of Major Thomas Crawford, where he remained some time after her death. Leaving there, he spent about six months in the family of Joseph White, whose son was a saddler by trade, and young Jackson sought employment in his shop as far as the fever and ague with which he was afflicted would permit. Left without parental counsel or re- straint, with habits unsettled by the war, the master of his own little property, and having no regular home or employment, he was now in a situation most perilous to a young man. Associating with wild boys at Waxhall, he was carried away by them, and passed “a short career of dissipation,” but soon put himself beyond their baneful influence by going to Salisbury, N. C., to purstie the study of the law in the office of Spruce McCay, esq. This was in the winter of 1784, when he was between seventeen and eighteen years old. His reformation was thorough and enduring. Mr. McCay learned to place so high an estimate on his talents and character, his lofty and generous spirit, and his energy and gentleness to- ward inferiors, that he predicted, if he lived, he would rise to the highest distin tion. Finishing his studies in a little more than two years, he was admitted to the practice of the law, and soon received from the governor the appointment of solicitor for the western district of the state, which then embraced the present state of Ten- nessee. The author next proceeds to give a vivid description of the early settlement of Ten- nessee, with the log cabins and varjety of hardships encountered by the sparsely scat- tered residents, and especially by emigrants seeking homes in the wilderness, all con- stantly exposed to attacks by hostile In- dians. One of the illustrations represents a band of Indians attacking a station or stockade, the conflict on either side raging fiercely, while the buildings within the stockade are in flames. In the discharge of the duties imposed on him by his recent appointment and seeking employment in his profession Jackson crossed the state twenty-two times, in the course of which he was fréquently called on to save himself and traveling compan- fons from sudden attacks by the Indians, jealous of being interfered with on their hunting grounds. They were often in danger also from swollen streams which they had to cross. One instance of this 1s described by an engraving showing him with a part of the travelers on a raft at the point of being carried over a cataract to certain destruction of all on the hastily constructed float. While being forced rap- idly down stream, the passengers on land ran along on the bank of the river to keep up with them, when, putting forth all his strength, Jackson steered the raft near enough to the shore to enable him to ex- tend an oar to those on land, and they were thus drawn out of the rushing current and disembarked in safety. On another occasion he reached the ren- dezvous of a party at Bean’s station, with which he was to cross the wilderness, the evening after they had left. Determined to overtake them, he employed a guide well acquainted with Indian signs ‘and stra*: gems,and traveled all night. They soon be- came satisfied that a party of about twen- ty-two Indians were in pursuit of their friends ahead. With great speed they has- tened forward and overtook their friends just before dark, gave them warning of the unsuspected danger they were in, and all were saved from harm by traveling the whole night and the next day. Arriving at the log cabins of a party of hunters, it be- gan to snow, and they asked protection therein from the storm and rest for the night, which, with a churlishness not usual among these men of the woods, was rude- ly refused. Not having closed his eyes for two nights, Jackson wrapped himself in his blankets and lay down upon the ground, where he slept soundly, and in the morning found himself covered with six inches of snow. The party resumed the march and reached their destination in safety, but they afterward learned that the hunters who had refused them the hospitality of their cabins were murdered by the In- dians. In June, 1789, a party of Indians attack- ed Gen. James Robertson and his hands while at work in his field and wounded him and two others, but they succeeded in reaching the station, where, being repulsed, the In in turn, were pursued by a party of forty to fifty volunteers, among whom was Andrew Jackson. Reaching a Point about ten miles from where {t was sappoees the Indians had encamped, he, with fifteen others of the party, overtook them by traveling all night, the whole dis- tance ugh, a cane brake, They rushed upon the enemy so suddenly that they in- “ spring of 1701. Meantint4 the news came that Robards had obtaliied a divorce in Virginia, although his wife had received no notice of his application, Looking now upon Mrs. Robards as free to form a new connection, she accepted the addresses of Andrew Jackson, and they were marricd in the fall of 1701. Learning subsequently that the act of the Virginia legislature did not grant the divorce, but only authorized suit for divorce in a Kentucky court, which had just been brought to a successful is- sue, and in January, 1794 he took out a license, and ‘was again regularly married. After his niarriage Gen. Jackson devoted himself with great assiduity to the business of-hls profession, In which he was some- time brought in conflict with desperate men, who formed a portion of the frontier settlers, On one occasion a noted bully sought to pick a quarrel with him by placing his heels on Jackson's feet. Pushing him off, Jackson seized a slab and with a forward thrust upon the breast brought him to the stantly fled without fring a gun, leaving them THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 1896-TWENTY-FOUR PAGES. . many bitter enemies, some of ened to tar and feather him; but he them defiance, and they had learned to careful not to come in contact with one fearless, and for whom the better part the communtty had the high waive for the present an object he had so much at heart. There was at the time some evidence tending to implicate the governor of the state in the land frauds, and an altercation between them ensued, in which insults were given and returned. Being repeatedly defied by the governor to meet him in sin- gle combat, the general sent him a chal- lenge which was accepted; but the gov- ernor failed to come to time, and the gen- eral published him in the usual form. Soon afterward, as they were unexpectedly about to meet on the road, Jackson setting spurs to his horse, charged upon him with such impetuosity that the governor hastily dismounting to avoid the shock, trod on the scabbard of his sword and was rendgred in- capable of resistance. Both were armed— Jackson with a brace of pistols at his sad- dle bow and a cane, and the governor with @ brace of pistols and a sword. A rally of the governor's attendants prevented any serious mischief. Jackson resigned his judgeship on the 24th of July, 1804, having served about six years. As a judge his opinions were al- ways clear, short and to the point, aiming at justice without affectation of eloquence or of superior learning. He little regarded legal quibbles or learned precedents when the end to which they led was incompatible with the objects of the law itself. af Prior to Jackson’s resignation as a judge, he had been appointed major general of militia, and in this capacity his services were invoked by the general government as early as 1803, touching the purchase of Louisiana, the government being appre- kensive that the Spaniards intended to re- sist the occupancy by the United States. The clouds, however, blew over without a tempest; Louisiana was quietly occupied, and Gen. Jackson retired to a plantation on the banks of the Cumberland, near the Hermitage, his future home. Here he de- voted himself to the business of planting, often with his own hands, including the use and guiding of the plough, and having a passion for fine horses, the raising of them became a principal branch of his farming. It was at this time (1806) that a match race at $2,000 was proffered him by a Mr. Erwin and his son-in-law, Charles Dickingon, and the bet was accepted. In undertaking to arrange the details, bad blood was generated on both sides, finally culminating In a duel with pistols, in which Jackson was seriously wounded, and Dick- inson mortally, at the first fire. Gen. Jack- son was the challenging party, and the dis- tance was fixed at twenty-four feet—the parties to stand facing each other with pistols down perpendicu’arly, and at the single word “‘Fire,’” to fire as they pleased. A brief account is given of Aaron Burr’s treasonable movement and of Gen. Jack- son's being directed by the War Depart- ment to call out such military force as might be necessary to suppress Burr's projects and arrest the leader. He there- upon ordered out twelve companies, but it was soon found that their services were not needed. From this me until 1812 Gen. Jackson re- mained inf private life, successfully culti- vating his plantation and seeking amuse- ment as well as profit in his favorite pursuit. War was declared against Great Britain on the 12th of June of that year, and there- after, until its close by the battle of New Orleans, and during several years following, Gen. Jackson was actually engaged in the military service of his country. a Hitherto, in following biography, I have not allowed any instance of importayce in the life of Jackson to escape mention. This takes him up to the age of forty-five over the part of his career least generally known. The author now proceeds to give an ac- count of prominent events of the war, par- ticularly those in which Gen. Jackson bore part, showing his great ability, his bravery and indomitable perseverance, in the face of hardship, danger and death. His cam- paigns against the hostile Indians in the wilderness of Tennessee and on the frontier, where a large part of his military service prior to 1814 was performed, are described in a concise and highly entertaining manner. The length of my article forbids me going further into details as regards this service. Suffice it to say, it is full of interesting tnci- dents, which could be satisfactorily present- ed only by reproducing descriptions of too great length for this paper. Here, in the midst of the operations against the Indians of various tribes, the Creeks being perhaps the most stubborn and vindictive, Mr. Ken- dall suspended his history. About the 25th of April, 1814, Gen. Rickney assumed the command of Gen. Jackson's corps, and the latter was relleved as an of- ficer of the military force of Tennessee. Soon afterward he was appointed to nego- tiate with the Creek Indians, with whom he secured a treaty of peace. Previous to Oc- tober, 1814, he was appointed major general in the army of the United States and com- mander of the seventh military district. This tock him to Mobile and Pensacola, in both of which places his command was guc- cessful against the British; and next to Louisiana, where the glcrious victory of New Orleans was achieved. Later he was appointed commander-in-chief of the south- ern division of the United States. He in- vaded Vlorida, then a Spanish province; the Seminole war followed, and on the cession of the Flori to the United States he was YOUNG JACKSON RESCUING HIMSE Reproduced from Amos Kendall's Book.) * AND FRIENDS. ground. The bully, snatching a stake from the fence, again approached with direful imprecations, when Jacksort poising his slab, advanced with firm step and steady eye toward his antagonist, who dropped his stake and ran into the woods. In 1795 Jackson was spontaneously elect- ed a member of the convention to form a state government, with a view to the ad- mission of Tennessee to the Union, and this took place on the Ist of June, 1706. At the first election thereafter he was elected to Congress without being a candidate. He took his seat in the House of Representa- tives on the Sth of December, 1796. He served one session, when he was elected to the United States Senate, taking his seat on the 22d of November, 1797, again re- signing after serving one. session also in that body. Soon after his resignation he was appointed by, the legislature a judge of the supreme court of law and equity. He was then thirty years old. One of his first cases brought before him was that of Russell Bean, who was indicted for cutting off the ears of his infant child in a drunken frolic. He was in the court yard in a defiant attitude, armed with a dirk and a brace of pistols. Not daring to ap- proach him the sheriff made a return to the court, “Russell Bean will not be taken.” “He must be taken,” said.the judge, “and if necessary you must summon the posse comitatus.” The mortified sheriff waited until the court adjourne@ ‘for dinner, when he summoned the judges: themselves as a art of the posse. Conceiving that the ob- ject of the sheriff was to avoid a danger- ous service under cover of the judges’ re- fusal to obey the summons, Judge Jackson instantly replied, “Yes, sir, I will attend you, and see that you do your duty.” Request- ing a loaded pistol, which was put into his hand, he said to the sheriff: “Advance and arrest him; I will protect you from harm.” Bean, doubly armed, assumed an attitude of defiance and desperation. But when the judge drew near, he began to retreat. “Stop and submit to the law,” cried the, ices The culprit stopped, threw down weapons and replied, “I will surrender to you, sir, but to no one else.” re! is portrayed in a full page steel engraving. In his course toward that class of un- principled settlers who sought to avoid the payment of their honest debts, as well as in th® prosecution of an association of fraudulent -land-jobbers, Jackson made appointed governor thereof in 1818 The Seminole war was now about over, and he resigned his governorship and retired to Nashville. He was not, however, permitted long to enjoy the repose he so much needed. In May, 1822, he was put in nomination by the legislature of Tennessee as a candidate for the presidency of the United States, and in the autumn elected to the United States Senate. HORATIO KING. ee Gen. Logan’s Dollar. From the Chicago Record. When the old post office building 1s torn down perhaps some workman will find th® silver dollar which Gen. John A. Logan, in 1881, buried in the concrete floor. Gen. Logan was looking over the government building one day while it was yet far from being finished. The workmen were grout- ing the basement floor near the southeast ventilator shaft. The office of the superin- tendent of construction was in a little frame building at the corner of Jackson and Dearborn streets. Gen.Logan strolled im- to the unfinished building from the superin- tendent’s office and paused to watch the men pounding in the broken ‘stone and cement. They all knew him, and one of them sug- gested that the general shovel In some of the concrete, so that he could say that he had helped build the structure. Gen. Logan laughed, and with a shovel scooped out a litle hole. Taking a silver dollar from his pocket he laid it in the hole and covered it with the concrete. “Now,” said he, “I have laid a corner- stone.” Then he walked on. The men finished that part of the floor, and when the concrete had “set” Gen. Logan’s dollar was firmly imbedded in ma- terial as solid as unbroken stone. eae Don’t Know It All. From Puck. Mrs. Strong (in vain chase fcr her collar button)—“There’s one thing we- new wo- men have yet to learn from the men. Mr. Strong (sourly)}—“Oh! you don’t know it all, then? Pray what have you yet to learn?” Z (between her clenched teeth) Mrs. Strong —‘How to swear.’ rent of Her Existence. From the New Orleans Pieayune. kept Miss Cornelia Seibles, the Mississippi Yady who was found a few days ago wan- dering in the streets of London, out of a fortune amounting to nearly $60,000, money to which she was the only heir. ‘When Miss Cornelia Sefbles was about twenty-four years old she was in New Or- leans for the first time, having come here for the purpose of taking legal advice with regard to her vast estate, for she has spent a long life of eighty-four years in this work. One evening she accidentally slipped on a banana peeling on St. Charles street, in front of or near the present site of the St. Charles Hotel, fell, and after a few weeks’ confinement from her injuries, found her- self a cripple. She was engaged to be mar- ried to a leading lawyer of Mississippi at that time, and he would have made no protest on account of her crippled limb, but she refused to marry him, claiming that she would net humiliate se noble a spirit as this gentieman possessed by link- ing her life to his. Had the marriage taken place, through the influence of the husband, who was at that time one of the foremost lawyers in the state of Mississippi, if not in the south, she would doubtless have se- cured the immense fortune. The reports which come from London would indicate that Miss Seibles is a wo- man of so many peculiarities as to border upon irresponsibility. This is perhaps true, for during recent years she has developed many characteristics which went far to- ward making her a subject of ridicule or of pity. After she had become crippled by the fall she began making trips to this city, con- sulting with lawyers regarding her claims. She was an intimate acquaintance of all the leading lawyers of Mississippi just after the Mexican war. She would spend months and months here. From here snz went to Mississippi again, and was for years back- ward and forward, all the time devoting her every energy to the pursuit of her great fortune. When at last she appeared in this city her health was failing, and she resort- ed more to the use of her crutch. Finally all her money was spent, and then she began the doubie work of seek- ing to retrieve her fortunes and raise funds for the purpose of carrying on her pursuit of the millions. For this purpose she came to New Orleans and learned the milliner'’s trade, and in this way sought to save up money. But the returns were small, and so she began watching for estates sold for taxes, and bought up a great many lots in out-of-the-way places throughout the city. For some of these she realized considerable money, all of which she turned over prompt- ly to her lawyers in Europe, New York, St. Louis and elsewhere. She would visit stcres in the city, purchase a great many rem- nants, and, going back to Mississippi, sell them, from which traffic she realized con- siderable money. She bought Feveral lots near the crossing of the Illinois Central and Mississippi Valley rafiroads, and she nad already some property in Brooklyn, Miss, These she sold and turned the funds o to her lawyers, who were all this time workirg or were supposed to be working upon her case. After a while she became more and more peculiar in her habits. She came. again to the city several years after the exposition, rented a small room on St. Joseph street, ate at the market, and saved up every cent she could make. She would walk the streets with a calico dress on, in these lat- ter days, after age had whitened her head and made more feeble her already crippled limbs, looking for bargains. trange to | say, all this while she was not looked upon as being anything else but a sensible wo- man, queer in some things, but at the same time a refined and intzlligent lady. +o+—______ LEARNING SPANISH. A Mexican Newspaper's Criticisms of Text Books in General. From the Mexican Herald. An American journal advises the more general study of the Spanish language in the United States, on the ground of its commercial utility. We believe that in San Francisco and Kansas City, and in a few other places, instruction is given in Span- ish, but it is likefy that it does not go very far, and is not entirely practical, for most language teachers in the United States are either tiresome pedants or charlatans who sadly waste the time of their pupils; and the makers of instruction books in the mod- ern language almost always omit what is colloquial and therefore useful, and give a mass of purely bookish words, and “‘ele- gant” constructions, with the apparent idea that oniy dilettantes and future poets are to be educated. We have before us some Spanish gram- mars and correspondence books which, while filled to repletion with impracticable instructions, and always insisting on “ele gant” constructions and usages, are dis- figured by awkward explanations, and offer the most astounding grammatical blunders in their examples. Most authors of text books are gabbling asses who copy from all previous ones, and the result is that a lot of ill-digested grammars and “new meth- ods’’ are imposed on the credulo@s public. One much-advertised grammar, for English learners of Spanish, we submitted to a most scholarly gentleman of this city, who noted over a thousand grammatical errors and threw down the book in despair. A manual of Spanish correspondence, which has an extensive sale, is so crammed with faults of grammar thet it is no more use- ful than the “English As She Is Spoke” was to the Portuguese students for whom it was prepared. A very popular Spanish grammar, of wide sale both in England and the United States, was, in its earlier edi- tions, so blunderingly written that it might properly have been entitled, “A Method for Inducting the Learner Into Sailors’ Span- ish, with Unexampled Facilities for Making a Fool of the Student!” The American paper that we have men- tioned asserts that Spanish is not only a child of the Latin, but that its construction is Latin. Spanish has a broad Latin base, it is true, but it has been greatly influenced and modified by the Arabic, and by the language of the Teutonic conquerors of Spain; a vast number of everyday words in use are from the Arabic, and the construc- tion, although far more flexible than the English, resembles more that tongue than the inverted Latin construction. It is a valuable and noble language which is not to be mastered in a week or a month, al- though a fair working knowledge of it for business purposes may be acquired in a few months by any diligent student. ——_—_—<e+____ Money Made of Gum. From the London Chronicle. The “mint officials” of the Malayan pen- insula claim the distinctién of “coining” the most unique piece of money now in use in the world. This curious coin is simply a thin disk or wafer of hardened vegetable gum, the original source of supply being the bola tree and a bluff of emery sand. Dozens of trusty officials are constantly employed in collecting bola gum and sift- ing and pounding the sand which is to be used as “alloy.” . The coins so struck are not only unique and curious on account of the material used in their composition, but because they have the least exchange value of any medium, unless we except the shell. money of the west coast of Africa. No other piece of “money” in existence can be acquired with such a small expen- diture of time or goods as the bola gum “coin;” consequently such pieces are valued very lightly by those unlucky enough to come into possession of a few millions of such disks. It is almost impossible for a European to frame a very definite conception of the small value of this standard of exchange. A cent could be readily exchanged for 10,000 freshly minted bola gum coins. 2 —____+e+____ A Near-Sighted Astronomer. From the New York Tribune. Schiaparelli, the astronomer who first dis- covered the so-called “canals” of Mars, did so with a much smaller telescope than those im use in many other observatories at that time. And yet he is a very near-sighted man. Garrett P. Serviss of Brooklyn, in speaking of his first interview with the emi- nent Itallan, said that Schiaparelli would hold a visitor’s card within five or six inches of his eyes in order to decipher#t. The sin- gular part of this story is not that a man with such an infirmity should be able to out- do other astronomers, for keenness of vision depends rather upon the retina than the convexity of the lenses of the eye, and the eye-piece of a telescope can be focused so as to stiit the latter. But it does seem a little odd that the gifted scientist in question should habitually refrain from wearing eye- glasses. Possibly he has a theory as to the effect of their use upon his visual powers. SWIFT SPECIFIC CO., Atlanta, Ga. World’s Fair! HIGHEST AWARD. IMPERIAL GRANUH, The STANDARD and BEST prepared FF OOD Prescribed by physicians, Relied on in hospitals. Depended on by nurses. Indorsed by the press. Always wins hosts of friends wherever its supe- rior merits become known. It is the safest food for convalescents! Is pure and unsweetened and can be retained by the weakest stomach. Sold by DRUGGISTS EVERYWHERE! my18-s John Carle & Sons, New York. 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For ex- ample, if a subscriber purchases ten shares of stock he will be entitled to ten copies of the Daily and Sunday MERCURY free to bis own or any otber address as long as he continues to be a stockholder of the corporation. These coples of the paper may be disposed of by subscribers to the capital stock in any way desired by them. This proposition is sub- Ject to withdrawal without farther notice. There will be only a limited amount of this stock Gisposed of in this way. Those who are lucky enough to obtain these shares will find that in @ very short time they will be worth 300 per cent premium. For further particulars address the SUPERINTENDENT OF CIRCULATION, NEW YORK MERCURY, 3 Park Row, New York. As an advertising medium the New York MER CURY 1s unexcelled. $a29-8t YSTER PATTIES —Pies and Cakes—brked fresh every Gay, All kinds of plain and ornamental cakes, Finest Maccaroons and Frait Cake in town, + 146 Center market. i E. 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