Evening Star Newspaper, August 30, 1895, Page 3

Ee SPECIAL NOTICES. ATTENTION, PLASTERERS—THEKE WILL BE A meeting of Plasterers’ Assembly, 1044, on SUNDAY MORNING, Sept. 1, 1895, Jock, to wake final arrangements for Labor day parade. It is important’ that every 2u30-2t mieuber attend t of EPIRIECALISM — MRS. E. Me = ant ool Busines Medium. Pri daily; u examipations a specialty. 1914 Pa. ave: Tat® LE—2 AWNINGS AND FRAMES, 6 SHOW cases and tables, 2 upright ghiss cases, imirror front, sliding doors; 2 long cabinet counters, with drawers, sliding through; cane rack, and other fixtures used in men's furnishing "goods ‘TYSSOWSKI BROS., cor. 15th and G nw. NURSE FOR CHILD. STORE SATURDAY ‘Mrs. DAHLGREN, ‘CED RTLAND DRUG iG between 10 and it. a 0 for so small a fish—vegetables — wine, beer From 12 to 2. are the finest in town. 4 me price. Or cote Ti. RE Viuster notited ive stores the entire 2, 1805, in honor of LABOR are requested to provide ies in advance. KOHL ‘SL. BARBOUR & SON, . ERGOOD & CO., It, SHEA. virginia, estite, are rs ML A. 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It's so cooling, 80 refreshing, tastes £0 aa won't, enjoy with everything you line. We'll save you the imported ales more than * You et the same quantity of “Pali ‘the iuported.. Yet, “PALMER'S” COSTS ONLY HALF AS MUCH. EF Try some at soda fountains. We'll supply yor if desired. Samil.C. Palmer, sixtnat waters. 615-21 D ST. S.W. TEL. 480. au29-14d You're the one to satisfy. If you want your printing at a certain time, you get it if I do it, for I Never Disappoint. BYRON S. ADAMS, au29-1id 512 Lith st. EVERY SATURDAY During July and Augu: undersigned dealers in WARE WILL CLOSE.... BARBER & ROSS, ROBERT BOY: 3H, CHES The Most Popular Riding School In Washington !s located at 1325 14TH ST. as the hundreds of satisfied patrons can test! Hours for ladies—9 a.m. to 4 p.m., 6 to 10 p.m. 10 ticksts for $2.00. Hours for gentlemen~7 to 9 a.m. and 4 to 6 p.m, & tickets for $1.00. “Special pains taken with backward pupils,” as the boarding school circulars put it. Open every evening but Sunday, rain or shine, only we prefer not to teach pupils in the rain. 8,500 square feet of space, with sandpapered surface, aud the most lofty and star-spangled canopy of any riding school in the U. S. Lighted by elec- ts in the evening. . ORMULLY & JEFFERY MFG. €O., ‘Washington, D. 0. » Skeleton of Grac From Blackwood’s Magazine. Scarcely any of the stories told of dan- geuses are amusing; few of the heroines haye left behind them any reputation of esprit. The best known of the legends is that Mlle. Guimard determined, when she was young, that she would postpone grow- ing old; so she had her portrait taken at the age of twenty, placed the picture on her dressing table by the s'de of her glass, and painted herself up to it every morning until sho was fifty. By that means she ed twenty during thirty years. she, too, who, at sixcy, consented her friends hould be aist, and that the s should see nothing of her but her legs, which, although her body was so thin that she was called “the ske ton of grace,” had retained in age the beauty of their youthful form. a Mr. Riggs’ Accastomed Awakening. From the San Francisco Post. Be to wake up so inquired Boggs of 1 Biggs, who goes to work at 6. “Alarm clock,” replied Biggs. , have one, too, but I never hear it go never hear mine, either,” declared en how in the world do you wake up?" wakes me up every morning gayinz goodness’ sake, get up and stop the alarm on that clock! It will arouse the neighborhood.’ By the time I am awake it has stopped.” THE EVENING STAR, FRIDAY, AUGUST 30, 1895-TWELVE PAGES. SCIENCE OF STORMS An Address by Chief of the Weather Bureau Moore, OUTLINES THE FUTURE OF THE SERVICE Its Relations Regarding the Coun- try’s Science and Industry. AMBITIONS AND AIMS At the meeting at Springfield, Mass., to- day of the American Assocation for the Advancement of Science, Mr. Willis L. Moore, the chief of the United States weather bureau, delivered an address on the subject of “The Relations of the Weather Bureau to the Science and Indus- try of the Country,” in which he said: “It Is a matter of much pleasure to me that 1 am allowed the privilege to speak ut a joint session of this association, rep- resenting as it does within the confines ¢f its admirable organization the scientific thought of our country. This is the mecca toward which annually journey all those who wish each to contribute his mite to the sum of human knowledge; each in- spired with an ambition to add even one flickering ray to the great luminous orb, which today js shedding its benign light of wisdom even unto the uttermost recesses of the earth; subduing the barbarous in- stincts of man and warming and invigor- ating into life the better impuises of his nature. Thus is civilization advanced, and thus is humanity elevated to higher and higher planes of existence. “I hope to be a worker in the ranks of this great army, and as the science of meteorology can hardly be said to have passed beyond the embryonic state, I feel that the realms of investigation are bound- less, and that the opoprtunities are cor- respondingly srent. “As the chief of the greatest meteorolog- ical system in the world, and with the power to control, under the direction of the honorable Secretary of Agriculture, not only. its executive functions, but the lnes of future scientific investigation, I fully realize the great responsibility that rests upon me, and that, at the bar cf public and scientific opinion, I shall, in the years to come, justly be held to a strict accountability for my stewardship. “Before considering the line of investiga- tion which consistently can be prosecuted by the weather bureau it will be well to note the law which prescribes the duties of the chief. It may be found in Statutes at Large, Fifty-first Congress, page 653. “By an act of Congress approved October 1, 1890: Section 3. It is provided that the chief of the weather bureau, under the di- rection of the Secretary of Agriculture, on and after July 1, 1891, shall have charge of the forecasting of weather, the issue of storm warnings, tho display of weather and flood signals for the benefit of agriculture, commerce and navigation, the gauging and reporting of rivers, the maintenance and operation of sea coast telegraph lines and the collection and transmission of marine intelligence for the benefit of commerce and navigation, the reporting of tempera- ture and rainfall conditions for the cotton interests, the display of frost and cold wave signals, the distribution of meteoro- logical information in the interests of agri- culture and commerce and the taking of such meteorological observations as may be necessary to establish and record the climatic conditions of the United States, or as are essential for the proper execution of the foregoing duties. The Philosophy of Storms. “It will be seen that the main object for the existence and continuation of this bureau {s to give warning of the approach of storms, and therefpre that the proper line of investigation should be for the pur- pose of determining the true philosophy of storms. The goal to be striven for is the improvement of weather forecasts, and surely one Of the prerequisites to determine coming events Is a thorough knowledge of existing conditions. “To those who have read every important treatise on meteorology, and who have studied every text book upon the subject, it is painfully patent how extremely ig- norant we are of the mechanism of storms, of the operations of those vast and subtle forces in free air which give inception to the storms, and which supply the energy necessary to accelerate cyclonic action when formed, or to disperse the same when once fully in operation. We know that great atmospheric swirls in the shape of high and low pressure areas alternately’ drift across the country at intervals of two or three days: that the atmosphere flows spirally into the cyclonic or low pres- sure system and outward from the anti- cyclonic or high pressure system; that the indrawn east and south winds on the front of the storm are warm, and that the in- acy flowing north and west winds are cold. “By the theorles of Redfield, Espy,Loomis, Ferrell and others, our great storms are composed of immense masses of air gyrat- ing about a vertical, or nearly vertical axis, drifting eastward and at the same time drawing warm easterly currents into their fronts and cold westeriy currents at their backs, and from the commingling of the two as they rise to greater and greater elevations, neat the region of the cyclonic center, throwing down volumes of rain or snow, and that, as precipitation cecurs with the ascending currents, the heat of condensation energizes the cyclonic circu- lation; that the air at the center of the storm is relatively warm, is rarified by centrifugal force, and by reason of less density, it rises to a great elevation, und near the topmost limits of the alr flows away laterally to assist in bullding up the high pressure areas on either side. “The high and low pressure areas are supposed to be carried eastward by the general easterly drift of the atmosphere in the middle latitudes, somewhat as eddies are carried along by water in a running stream. Difliculties That Confront Observers. “But unfortunately for the complete ac- curacy of these theories the forecaster often finds heavy down pours of rain with- out any cyclonte circulation, and no con- yectional system in operation; again, over immense areas of our country, especially in the Rocky mountain region, for many months in the year condensation occurs not at all In the warmer easterly currents flow- ing into the storm center, but do occur al- most exclusively in the north and west quarters of the storm area, where the cold north and west winds ar2 flowing in. “Again, many investigators today have good reason to doubt that the center of the storm is warm to any great elevation, or that cyclonic circulation obtains to the top of the air. “In outlining, in a rough and general way, the line of investigation, which in my ment promises to give the most prolific ults, Not only to the cause of meteoro- logical science, but in the making of more accurate forecasts for the benefit of agri- culture and commerce, I will say that we Nicotine Neutralized CHEW AND SMOKE WMUAUOL POUCH TOBACCO. . NO NERVES QUAKING. NO HEART PALPITATING. NO DYSPEPTIO ACHING, -NERVOUS. AN TIpYsPeptic. have been for years taking our measure- ments at the bottom of this great ocean of air, while the forces which cause the forma- tion of storms and which influence their intensity and direction of motion operate at great elevations, or are extraneous to our earth. Necessity for Upper Air Exploratio: “It therefore seems imperative that sys- tematic exploration should be made of the upper air. Balloon ascensiona should be made in the several quadrants of the cy- clonic storm and also at the center thereof; especially when rain is falling and the barometric gradient is steep. It is especially important to know the level at which condensation ceases, the depth of the cloud stratum, the tempera- ture gradient, the air pressure and humid- ity to a height of four or five miles. Skill- ed aeronauts, with complete and accurate ir.struments, should be placed in the region of severest action at the season of the year when storms are most frequent. They should be held in readiness until the ap- Proach of storms typical of cyvlonic action and then from the central office, where the movement of the storm is being carefully watched on the daily synoptic chart, they should be given telegraphic orders to as- cend and their ascensions should be so timed as to secure accurate readings at reat elevations throughout the several quarters of the storm. It is believed that information so secured will establish some- thing like an approach to the true phil- esophy of storms !n contradistinction to the very imperfect th2ories which too often are hastily approved as demonstrated prin- ciples. “Practically all of the theory of storms has been written by men not daily engaged in watching their inception and prozres- sion. Instead of erecting a cumbersome superstructure upon the sand, ‘let us en- deavor to lay a*corner stone upon which to erect something exact enough to be call- ed a science, “In winter the great high pressure areas which constitute our cold waves should Teceive the same thorough exploration. Readings at Pike’s Peak or Mt. Rainier might be useful in this investigation, but they are too far removed from the general track of storms and cold waves to furnish the full information desired. How the Desire May Be Accomplished. “Upper-air exploration mfay .be accom- plished by a train of kites carrying auto- matic instruments, by captive kite-balloons, which may be forced nearer and nearer the zenith with increasing wind velocity, or by the ascension of trained observers in free balloons. We must strive for the per- fection of appliances and instruments which will, at no distant day, enable us to pre- sent to the forecaster the charted synchron- ous meteorological conditions prevailing at high levels ane covering a great area. Mr. McAdie, at Washington, has secured re- cently some good records with “kites at 1,000 to 2,000 feet elevation. “Systematic exploration of the upper air with a continuation of studies began by Prof. Bigelow, of terrestial magnetic forces, as induced by the solar magnetic field, will be the line of investigation prosecuted dur- ing the next two years, and from which, {t is hoped, results satisfactory to the practical, as well as the theoretical inan, may be obt.ined. “The honorable Secretary of Agriculture is in thorough sympathy with all lines of research which can be legally carried on under the act of Congress constituting the weather bureau, and which promises to give results useful to the people. The Essentials of Success. “Harmonious co-operation between the practical worker and the scientiflc investi- gator is essentail to success. Too often they may have found themselves picking cut diverging thoroughfares. In the future they will work on parallel and converging lines and not far removed from each other, and the result, I am confident, will be ben- eficial to all. In a great system like ours each worker must be justly recognized for the merit that is in him, whether he be a skilled scientist or an able executive, and he should be given his proper place as an integral part of the great whole which constitutes the efficient bureau. “A brief retrospect of the forecast may rot be without compensating results in our efforts in future improvements. “Forecasts were begun in the United States about twenty-five years ago, and have, during the past decade, become cf such benefit to the many and diversified interests of the country that with one ac- cord they now acknowledge their value and applaud all efforts to improve and ex- tend their usefulness. Fifty million dollars is a low estimate of the value of property placed in jeopardy by one West Indian hurricane sweeping up our Atlantic coast. “Old Prob” Recalled. “Predictions were first called ‘probablli- ties,” and were made for districts, each comprising several states, and included a prediction as to the probable change in barometer. Later the predictions as to barometer were omitted. Forecasting by districts was soon shown not to be specific enough as to boundary, and the designa- tions applied were not well understood by the people; hence, forecasting by states was adopted. “Forecasts were made only at the central office at Washington, and the local ob- servers were allowed to disseminate no other, or to give public expression to any opinion of their own which might be con- strued into a forecast. Considering the very limited training of the observers and the lack of all charted meteorological con- dition for their study and enlightenment, the wisdom of the regulation then hardly could be questioned. Important and Valuable Changes. “With the transfer of the weather bureau to the Department of Agriculture came the inauguration of far more liberal and pro- gressive ideas. The office of local forecast cfficial was created for such observers as had shown special fitness for forecast work, and they were assigned to duty at the more important agricultural, commer- clal or maritime centers, with instructions to carefully study the local climatology of their sections, so that interests or products which were indigenous to limited areas, or which were of special importance to par- ticular sections, might have such applica- tion of the weather forecasts as the inti- mate personal attentions of a competent lecal official could give. “The changes enumerated have been care- fully tested, and found to be beneficent in purpos2 and worthy of continued and per- manent application. Thus has the fore- casting system of today slowly developed during the past twenty-five years. Is :t rot the essential feature of the weather bureau? Is it not the nucleus around which all departments of thought and study must rotate and become auxiliary, if the original intent of Congress, made man- ifest by the establishment of a national storm warning sys to as successful maturity as the -pr knowledge of air physics will permit? And if further discoveries are made relative to the controlling and modifying forces of stormns, which shall raise the standard of forecasting accuracy attained by our most expert officials; attained by officials who have had all the benefits to be derived from many years of patient and intelligent ob- servation of storms from the time of their inception in or coming to our daily ob- served and chartered territory, until they have been dissipated or have passed east- ward beyond our range of vision. Forcensts of the Greatest Value. “It may be well to consider what class of forecasts can be most successfully made ty our more or less empirical methods, the ob- ject being to extend the work along such lines of activity as promise the most beneficent results. “As to this proposition, it 1s doubtless conceded by all that when pronounced high and low pressure areas dominate the weather conditions and the changes in wind, temperature and weather are char- acterized by such force and degree as to render them destructive to lives and prop- erty, a forecaster of average ability and well-balanced judgment is able to make nearly, or quite, as accurate a forecast as when the air pressure is quite equally dis- tributed, and all changes of weather so slight as to be of no import to man. “If, then, a destructive frost or cold wave can be predicted as easily as a change of a few degrees in temperature, and if the coming of high winds and gales are as easily foretold as that of a gentle zephyr, it is patent which class of forecasts should receive the greater attention. The public care comparatively little for predictions of moderate changes, and but little credit at- taches to the bureau when such forecasts are verified, but when great heat, cold waveg or violent winds are on the rrogram it takes a vital interest in the subject, ond the accurate forecasting of such conditions ig the gauge vy which the public measure the usefulness of the bureau. Frost Successfully Predicted, “Horticulturists and the growers of to- THE REF TCIAL WEATHER MAP. © Clear Rain} EXPLANATORY NOTE; Observations taken at 8 a.m., 75th meridian time. Solid lnes are isobars or lines of equal air pressure, drawn for each tenth of an inch. Dotted lines are isotherms or lines of equal temperature, drawn for each ten degrees. Shaded areas are regions where rain or snow has fallen during preceding twelve hours. The words “High” and ‘Low’? show location of areas of high and low barometer. Small arrows fly with the wind. WARMER TOMORROW, Azthough No Very High Altitade of the Thermometer is Likely. Rain has fallen in the middle and west gulf states, the Ohio and Red River of the North valleys. The following heavy rain- falls, In inches, were reported during the past twenty-four hours: Galveston, 3.60; Pittsburg, 1.46, The temperature has risen in the Mis- scuri valley and remained stationary else- where, Forecast till 8 p.m. Saturday—For New England and eastern New York, generally fair; variable winds. For the District of Columbia, eastern Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia and West Virginia, generally fair; variable winds, becoming westerly. For North Carolina and South Carolina, generally fair; westerly winds. A high pressure area covers the whole country east of the Rocky mountains, ex- cept a narrow trough of low pressure ex- tending from Utah to Lake Superior. A second high area has developed to the north of Montana, and this has caused the low- est temperatures of the season, 32 degrees, at Edmonton and Prince Albert, in Canada. The West India storm has reached the west gulf coast and appears to be losing its intensity. Arise of pressure of .04 inch in twelve hours is reported from Galveston. The temperature will probably be slightly higher tomorrow than today. Condition of the Water. Temperature and condition of water at § a.m.: Great Falls, temperature, 82; condi- tion, 86; receiving reservoir, temperature, 88; condition at rorth connection, 36; dition at south connection, 36; distributing reservoir, temperature, 81; condition at In- iizent gate house, 36; effluent gate house, Tide Table. Today—Low tide, 10:40 a.m. and 10:52 p.m.; high tide, 3:42 a.m. and 4:28 p.m. Tomorrow—Low tide, 11:34 a.m. and 11:50 p.m.; high tide, 4:42 a.m. and 5:27 p.m. Th: Sun and Moon, Sun rises, 5:26; sun sets, 6:34; moon sets, 0:35 a.m.; moon rises, 4: The Bicycle Lamps. All bicycle lamps must be lighted at The police regulations require that cycles, bicycles and tricycles in motion after sundown shell carry a suitable light.” The City Lights. Gas lamps all lighted by 7:45 p.m.; ex- tinguishing begun at 4:16 a.m. The light- ing is begun one hour before the time named. Naphtha lamps all lighted by 7:45 p.m.; extinguishing begun at 4:31. The naphtha lamps burn 15 minutes later in the morn- Ing than the gas lamps, as the moon sched- ule does not apply to: them. Ronge of ihe Thermometer. The following were the readings of the thermometer at the weather bureau today: 8 a.m., 75; 2 p.m., 84; maximum, 85; min- imum, 70. bacco and cranberries realize the vast benefit to be derived from accurate frost predictions, and I will give a brief state- ment of what I believe to be original ideas introduced into the making of frost fore- casts while in charge of the Wisconsin state weather service, a state including within its domain the largest area of cran- berry marshes in the ‘world and also in- cluding an extensive area Mevoted to the cultivation of tobacco. Heretofore I believe that only the air conditions have been taken into consideration inthe making of frost forecasts—such as pressure, tem- perature, relative humijlity,,cloudiness and wind velocity. As a result of my investi- gations, systematically prosecuted for three years, I found that thé condition of the soil was equally as important as those of the air. - “When the high pressure area ls moving in from the west, clear and colder weather anticipated, with the probdbility that the early morning temperature will permit the formation of frost, the most important elements to be considered in the deter- mining whether or not ffost will occur injurious to growing crops are as follows “First. Has rain recenuy fallen, and what is the condition of the,soil relative to the amount of moisture contained? “Second. What are the natural properties of the soil relative to the slow or rapid loss of heat by radiation? “Third. To what degree of heat has vege- tation been subjected during the period im- mediately preyious? Prevention of Frost Damage. “The early fall frost injurious to tender crops is the one which occurs with the town or telegraphic minimum temperature, rang- ing from forty to fifty degrees. Because when the early morning temperature in the town falls to nearly the freezing point it is usually so late In the season that all crops are gathered, or if not gathered they have been destroyed ere this condition arrives. At the time, then, that frost warn- ings are of benefit we have to deal with the air considerably above the freezing point, and to receive a deposit of frost it is neces- sary that the temperature of the top soil or that of vegetation be reduced to the freezing point. This, of course, is accom- plished by conduction and radiation of heat, which takes place more rapidly from the soil and vegetation than it does from the lower stratum of air to the higher. “Anything that will scriously interfere with a rapid loss of heat after nightfall will tend to prevent the formation of frest. Moisture does this, and if the soil be well charged it partakes greatly of the stable temperature condition of water and ecols but litde, tf any, below the tempera- ture of the superincumbent air, and no frost will occur, even though all other con- Gitions of clearness, gentie winds and cool air obtain. Even a small amount of moist- ure, say one-half inch of rainfall, will give ample protection if well distributed ard precipitated within the twenty-four hours previous. But when severe drouth conditions are prevalent injurious frosts may occur when the telegraphic tempera- tures do not show a reading within ten degrees as low as in the first case. How to Improve the Forecasts. “I believe that when estimating the prob- ability or severity of frost sufficient weight has not been given to the dryness or wet- ness of the soil, and the resultant dissi- pation or conservation of heat energy, and I call special attention to the point as ene of the means for improying the forecast. “I have in mind two typical cases. In the first a high pressure area attended by clear and cool weather drifted from the westward until it covered the state and no rain fell with the passage of the low pres- sure area immediately preceding it. Hence, the ground was in excellent condition for the rapid loss of heat during the night and a consequent lowering of the tempera- ture of vegetation to the freezing point. Considerable damage was done to cranber- ries in unflooded marshes. In the second gase a high pressure area of slightly greater ight and slightly lower temperature covered the region abdut ten days later, but it was preceded within ‘a few hours ky a light but well-distributed fall of rain, averaging about one-half at inch, and no frost occurred. In both eases the wind was gentle from the northwest, and the nights were clear. With slightly lower air temperature and higher barometer in the second condition, heavier frést would have occurred than in the preceding case had it not been for the thinly spread moisture of the timely rain congerving heat at the surface of the earth, |, Some Strikingly Original Suggestions “Might not this principle be carried fur- ther in the improvement of the forecast? Assuming that the cadoric,energy of the sun is a constant factor, the earth receives each year the same amountoor intensity of heat, and as the atmosphere is warmed mainly by contact with or radiation from the earth, seasonal variations of tempera- ture, which are marked departures from the normal, might result from abnormal terrestial surface conditions with respect to the conservation of this constant solar energy over large continental areas. Here the excessive or deficient rain fall during the preceding seasons should receive care- ful consideration. The subject is one that requires deeper and more detailed investi- gation than the length of this paper will permit. “I find that the minimum temperatures in cranberry marshes during abnormally dry seasons often fall fifteen degrees below the temperatures telegraphed from the citles and towns within a few miles of the marshes. This is due to the fact that when the lcose, spongy peat of which the marsh is composed to the depth of several feet has dried out the radiation of heat during the night was very rapid and the diurnal range of temperature great. The temperature. therefore, in cranberry marsh- es is at all times much lower than that which obtains in marshes composed of heavy black muck, where it preserves a more stable conditicn, such as is common to air resting over a corsiderable body of water. The cranberry marsh does not, therefore, enjoy that immunity from frost which other marshy and watery lands get the benefit of. But when the ditches are flooded from the reserve water supply on receipt of-a frost warning the water quick- ly percolaces through the peat composing the marsh, énd the rapid loss of heat by radiation is checked and the frost diverted. “The degree of heat to which vegetation has been subjected immediately before the frost condition, and the temperature under which it has made its growth, wil) in a great mearure determine the extent of damage to ensue. “By carefully ccrsidering the principles herein enunciated, I will say that in 1834 twelve out of fcurteen official forecasts of frost were fully verified—a much greater percentage of accuracy than has ever been attained by simply considering air condi- tions alone,”” —__ SATURDAYS STAR, A Few of the Many Features of To- morrow's Paper, Saturday’s Star will be full of good things. The wealth of reading matter, particularly in the way of short stories, will be unsur- passed. There will be a capital story, com- plete, by Clinton Ross, with the scenes laid in Warsaw in 1771, This will be especially well illustrated. A new daily story will be commenced tomorrow, and there will be a genuine boys’ story, and several sketches of modern life. The following are some of tomorrow's notably attractive features: WHERE POSITION FAILS. (Ilustrated.) An account given in the memoirs of Fair- fax Middleton, esq., of Maryland of the adventure in the street of the Capu- chins, Warsaw, September 3, 1771. By Clinton Ross. PARIS TQ LONDON. (illustrated.) Sterling Heilig, am American, who has lived many years in Paris, gives his im- pressions of the English. FADS IN CANES. (ilustrated.) How the howling swell gets himself meas- ured for a stick. Some of the latest styles. VISIT TO NORTHFIELD. (illustrated.) Characteristic. scenes where Christian werkers love to gather, with Mr. Moody the animating spirit. ON OLD BATTLEFIELDS. (illustrated.) Dedication of the National Military Park, Chickamauga, next month, with a de- scription of the changes and improve- ments. NOTES OF VIENNA. (llustrated.) The many picturesque scenes of the Austrain capital and some characteris- tics of the people. AFTER NASEBY. (lllustrated.) A very pretty love story, by David Wechsler, will commence tomorrow and be concluded in Monday’s Star. BOUND BY OATHS. A Chinese society’s extensive ramifica- tions and the cause of the recent trouble among the celestials in Washington. LABOR’S NEW ERA. Leaders talk about the movement and the record for the past year. HOW GREAT A MATTER A LITTLE FIRE KINDLETH. A pretty love sketch, with a summer sea- son setting. Written for The Star by W. J. Lampton. WAITRESSES’ WOES. Experiences of two independent college girls who acted as servants in a summer hotel. SEPTEMBER HEAVENS. The moon's total eclipse will be visible throughout the United States Tuesday. QN THE BOUNDING WAVE. A capital story for boys, DE LOME ON CUBA. The Spanish minister ridicules the Cuban rebellion and tells why the conflict will end soon, GUEST AND HOSTESS. A visit that can be enjoyed by all parties and Senora Sara's sound advice to girls who go to see friends. THE TALE OF A BURRO. a® much-traveled four-legged hero from Colorado and the strife he has stirred up in Washington. SCHOOLS IN OTHER LANDS. Information about the customs and reg- ulations of foreign public schools of in- terest to teacher, parent and pupil FOURTEEN ARE DEAD Sacrifice of Life in Two Colorado Mines, CAUGHT BY AN UNEXPECTED FLOOD Waters Broke Through the Bar- rier of Ore. THE WORK OF RESCUB CENTRAL CITY, Col., August 30.—The accidental flooding of the Americus and Sleepy Hollow mines last night caused four- teen deaths. Twenty-nine men were work- irg in the mines when the disaster occurred. All who escaped were engaged at points above the line of the break. All below at the time wre almost irstantly submerged and their bodies must lie there for weeks. The calamity is one which has not deen unexpected. For three years past a dispute between the several mines in the group has been on over the question of drainage. The Gregory, Bobtail, Fisk, Americus and Sleepy Hollow have been parties to the dispute, and the three properties first named have been closed down in their lower levels and allowed to stand partially filled with water because of this dispute over prorating the expense of drainage between the several owners. The workings of the mines are so situated that the Gregory, Bobtail and the Fisk have beea forced to combat a strong flow of water, the pumping of which by them left the Sleepy Hollow and Americus practically dry. When the Fisk owners failed to arrange satisfactorily with their neighbors to meet a share of the pumping expense they al- lowed the water to raise in the lower work- ings, and this large reservoir stcod above the workings of the adjoining mines, a con- Stant menace to those working beneath. The Sleepy Hollow, Americus and Fiske are on the same vein of ore. The first two are connected by drifts at the 400-foot level; the Americus and Fisk are sep- arated by a wall of ore standing in the vein at the joint end lines. So much greater is the system of underground workings in the Fisk than those of its end line neighbors that the rush of water from the three levels above the point of the break was quite sufficient to fill the entire workings of the two. The Americus filled first below the 400- foot level, and it was no appreciable time before water was pouring from it into the Sleepy Hollow through the air tunnel con- nection on the level where the break oc- curred, In the Sleepy Hollow mine—N. Vegas, surance by which the men are assessed 3 per cent of their wages, and on death their relatives receive half-pay for six months, tegether with funeral expenses paid by the company. The Victims. ‘The names of the dead are: In the Americus—Olivia Patnoster, aged thirty-five, married, wife and two children; Achill Aparcini, aged forty-seven, wife and five children. In the Sleepy Hololw mine—N. Vegas, single; C. Croskenback, ‘single; Nazzarino Maraota, married, wife and child; Will Prisk, -single, aged seventeen; William Thomas, married, wife and child; O. Brouse, married, wife and child; Thomas Williams, married, wife and child; Thomas Carbis, married, wife and three children; J. Harris, single; Steve Vallero, single, aged twenty; J. Perko, single; Martin Ra- cona, married, wife and two children. The Work of Rescue. The sounding of the@whisile gave the first signal of disaster, and soon the shaft building of the Sleepy Hollow mine was so crowded with the families and relatives of the imprisoned miners and those want- ing to give assistance that it was almost irrrossible for the work of rescue to go on. Sheriff Williams finally arrived on the ground, the bullding was cleared and prac- tical miners offered their services in low- ering the bucket. The farthest depth at- tained was 330 feet, the accumulated gas forced up by the rising water being such that a candle would not burn at a greater depth, A second effort was made, a larger-sized safety lamp having been placed in the bucket. The rescuer who first descended in the bucket found Mr. H. Prisk at the 330- fcot level. On reaching the surface he was almost in an insensible condition. Another man went down afterward, but was unsuccessful in reaching a lower point in the shaft owing to rising of water. Extra water buckets were sent for and brought to the mine with a view of lower- ing the water. The managers of the prop- erty were on the ground and were very essiduous in their efforts to relieve the men. —_—. ___ WARSHIPS AT BOSTON. Arrival of the New York, Minneapolis, Raleigh and Montgomery. BOSTON, Mass., August 30.—Four war- ships of the North Atlantic squadron, com- prising the flagship New York, the Minne- apolis, the Raleigh and the Montgomer, dropped anchor in the inner harbor at 7:30 this morning. The arrival of the squadron was announced by the booming of thirteen guns from the navy yard—the regulation to the admiral of the flect—which was an- swered by a salute of eleven guns from the flagship. At 8 é’clock the interesting ceremony of “colors” was witnessed by thousands of spectators, who lined the wharves and crowded the ferry boats and all small craft available. It has been announced that visitors will be allowed on board the boats from 1 to 5 p.m, daily. Tomorrow the chief interest will center in the Minneapolis, when she will be pre- sented with a solid silver service by the Minneapolis commanderies of Knights Templar, who are attending the triennial conclave in this city. They will form at 9 a.m, and march to the wharf, headed by their bands. It was first arranged that the boats would only remain two days, but it is now understood they will remain four or five days and take coal before leaving.. . —-—. FEW WHALES TAKEN. Failure of the Flect im the North Pacific. SAN FRANCISCO, August 80.—The steamer Bertha, Captain Hays, arrived in port last night frcm Unalaska and Bering sea. She brought with her one of the most valuable cargoes that has ever come into this harbor. It is composed of seal skins, furs, whalebone and gold dust, aud it is estimated to be worth between $750,- 000 and $1,000,000. Her passengers report the almost utter failure of the whaling fleet. Captain Hays says that all the sealers who went into Bering sea fared poorly, but he brings a piece of news which will be welcomed by the owners of sealing vessels in this port. Forty-four vessels, he says, cleared from Unalaska for Bering sea and nearly every one of them carried a sealing flag. This will be news to the owners, for it was thought that none of the schooners car- ried the yellow and black ensign. It seems that the captains were warned by the reve- nue cutters at Unalaska that they would be seized if they went into the sea with- out the flag. The captains took the hint and the collector of the port will prob- ably be disappointed in the number of ves- sels he will have to seize upon their arrival in port. ‘The seals ir the vicinity of the Pribylof Islands, it was learned, are fast disap- pearing, and they are even more scarce outside the prohibited zone. The Bertha will commence to discharge her valuable cargo this morning, and will, as soon as possible, retura to St. Michael's for sup- plies for the miners, ———.__ Suspicious Death in New York. NEW YORK, August 30.—Ellen O'Connor, thirty-one years old, was found dead this ™morning in her room, at her residence, 6 Lever street. Suspicious circumstances sur- round the death. The coroner will make an investigation, f FINANCIAL. See aes The National Safe Deposit, Savings and Trust Company Of the District of Columbiay CORNER 15TH ST. AND NEW YORK AVE, Chartered by special net of Consress Jen., 1867, and acts of Oct., 1890, and Feb., 1892. CAPITAL: ONE MILLION DOLLARS. W. B. Hibbs, Member of the New York Stock Eachange, Banker and Broker, 5 1421 F Street. Correspondent of MESSRS. LADENBULG, THALMANN & CO., my13-36d 46 Wall st., New York. Sy27 ——) C. T. Havenner, Member Washington Stock Exc! Real Paiste Ed Stk — Rooms . atic bull = 930 8 st. now. —_ Investment Securities. Stocka, Bont resets eae aol Grain bought and sold for Cetton bought and sold in New York or New Private wires to Naw York, Chi Orleans, Yelephone 453. a Spo eAPtr. at a LIFE, TONTINS, ENDOWMENT AND EDWARD N, BURNS, 1419 F st. nw. FRANK WILSON BROWN BROKER, 1335 F St. N. W. Stocks, Bonds, Grata, Provisions and Cottom, © Direct private wires to principal cities. Long-distance telephone 1414. * Correspordent of Messrs. Theo. W. Myers & Cay No, 47 New at., New York, members of the New York Stock Exchange. - Jel0-28t¢ Tilford & Maynard, te BROKERS, cs 1341 F Street. ee of Price, McCormick & Co., New Members New York Stock change and Chicago Board oe a Fae wires to New York and Chicago. CORSON &_MACARTNEY, MEMBERS OF THE NEW STOCK EXCHANGE, ae 1419 F st., Glover butiding. Correspondents of Messrs. Moore & Schley, 80 its. Exchange. usted oo the exchanges of Rew feck, esas 5 of New York, Boston and Baltimore bought old. : it A specialty imide of {nvestment securities. Dis< trict, Bouds and all local ana ‘Telephone Stock dealt — eels rican Bell Telephonc Stock bought and sold. The Union Savings Bank, 1222 F Street N. W., Pays four per cent interest on savings accounts. Open untils5 p. m. on Govern- ment pay days and Satur- day evenings between 6and Z fe20-208 = ——— Loans. ll securities INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. BOARDING BUSINESS C! CHIROPODISTS . DEATHS .. DENTISTRY FOR RENT (Flats). FOR RENT (Houses). FOR RENT (Miscelianeous). FOR SALE (Houses). FOR SALE (Lots). FOR SALE (Mis FOR SALE (Miscellsneons). HORSES AND VEHICLES. LOCAL MENTION... LOST AND FOUND. MANICURE MEDICAL . PRASAARAP DER AR Rem Oe ee ne eUbaAainamn anaes PROPOSALS RAILROADS . SPECIAL NOTICES. STEAM CARPET CLEANIN STORAGE WANTED (Miscellaneous). WANTED (Roome).. WANTED (Situations). DISTRICT GOV! Mra. De Carre Protests. Mrs. Rosa De Carre of Brightwood Park has written a letter to the Commissioners protesting against the payment of a tax of $125 which has been assessed against her property, situated on the northeast corner of Erie and 9th streets, Brightwood Park, for laying a water majn along 9th street in October, 1894. She says: “First. I have never signed any petition for the laying of the main, which was done in October, 18My and not August, 1805, as set forth in the tax notice, which I consider of no benefit to me or my neighbors, as we have no sewerage in Brightwood. Second. I was never notified that a main was to be laid, and, therefore, had no opportunity to be heard by your body as against such prema~ ture and uncalled-for work. Third. I con- sider that $1.25 per foot on each side of the street is an exorbitant price for the work, as it could be done by contract for half of the money, As this tax fs due and payable on September 10, 1895, I trust that you will give this matter your immediate attention, with a view to striking this tax off the property.” Bids on Stevens School Opened, Bigs were opened by the Commissioners this morning for building an addition to and remodeling the Stevens School build- ing. The bidders were: D. F. Mocabee, $34,280; Welton & Watts, $33,425; George W. Corbett, $53,387; James R. Young, $36,- 700; Columbus Thomas, $35,900; Manning & Parsors, $3 hu H. Howlett, $37,000; Cc. R. Monroe, $36,358; J. M. Dunn, $34,625. cdo Next to Godliness. From the Lewiston Evening Journal. A Piscataquis parson has retired from the pulpit and has commenced to manus facture soap. —_—_+ e+ —_____ The Star Out of Town. THE EVENING STAR will be sent by mail to any address in the United States or Canada for such period as may be desired at the rate of fifty cents per month. But all such orders must be ac- companied by the money, or the paper cannot be sent, as no ac- counts are kept with mail subscrip- tions. 3