Evening Star Newspaper, August 11, 1894, Page 19

~ = et, = THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, AUGUST 11, 1894—TWENTY PAGES. 19 HIGH ART IN COINS ‘The Sculpture Society's Ofer for a New Silver Dollar. PRIZES FOR THE BEST DESIGN _ A Competition Three Years Ago Which Failed. -ONLY FOR COIN CHANGE setae Writtem for The Evening Star. ¥ THE PLANS OF the National Seuip- ture Society succeed, we shall probably have a new silver dollar. ‘he society has offered prizes of $i and $200, respec- tively, for the best and second-best de- signs for a new dol- lar, the competition to be held in 15%, These designs will be submitted to the di rector of®the mint, Mr. Preston, and by him referred to the Secretary of the Treas- ury. The Treasury Department has taken Ro official notice of the proposition of the soefety and Mr. Preston has not sanctioned it officially. But in conversation with me . the director of the mint ex- y strongly the wish that new il be adopted for all of the sil- ver coins; and there is little doubt that if the competition next year produces any- thing satisfactory the Treasury Depart- ment will ge very glad to adopt it. It re- quires no sanction from Congress at this time to change the design of ihe silver dol jar. Congressional Action. In the early history of American cofhage a great many small changes were made in coin designs at the whim of the director of the mint or his engraver. .Congress de- termined to put a stop to this and passed @ law providing that no chavge in the de- signs of the coins should be made oftener than once ia twenty-iive years” without special authority. This authority could come only from Congress. Three years ago Mr. Leech, who was then director of the «mint, succeeded in gettihg Congress to grant him permission to change the de- signs fer the silver coins. Instead of em- ploying an artist to get up designs or in. trusting the work to the engraver of the mint, Mr. Leech announced that there would be a competition open to the world, and invited all professional and amateur artists to submit designs to be judged by & commission of which August St. Gaudens was the chairman. The great American public let itself loose in this competition. The artists for some reason held aloof. The commission was flooded with crank designs and ungraceful amateur productions. There were two designs oniy which were thought to be worth honorable mention; and they did not come within the exact terms of the competition. There was nothing which cum:nission thought worthy to be recommendef to the Secretary of the Treas- ury for adoption. So Director Leech turned over the work to the regular engraver of the mint and he made the designs which were alopted for ihe 50-cent, 25-cent and l-cent pieces. Nothing was done about the dollar, and while it would be necessary to go to Congress for another special act for a change in the three subsidiary coins, the change in the design of the doilar can be mae, on the authority “of the Secretary of we *treisiry.~ - Activity tm the Art World. The movement for the improvement of the designs for our coins Is in line with the ac- ttvity which the art-world has shown in public matters in the last few years. Some of the best-known American artists are Row at work on designs for a new currency and twg designs have been adopted. Artists as well as architects are busy trying to open the work of designing public build- ings to public competition. Now the artists » im ‘sculpture propose to_reform the coin designs of the country. The movement to this latter end, though, did not originate with the sculptors. Jt was first proposed some time ago by the American Numis- matic and Archaelogical Society, and a at committee on the improvement of the United States coinage has been considering the question actively for some time. This committee consists of three members each from six representative institutions. They are: Daniel Parish, Geo. F. Kunz, A. C. Za- briskie of the American Numismatic and Archaevlogical Society; Charles I. Berg, G. B. Post, Chas. RK. Lamb of Sg nag oe tural ie of New York; a ferala ‘Fist Prof. S. Weoif, Prof. H. R. fohnson of the College of the City of New York; John Rogers, G. W. Maynard, T. Wood of the National Academy of Design. Olin Warner, F. W. Ruckstubl, Russe! Sturgis of the National Sculpture Society; Kenyon Cox, Herbert Adams, Robert Reid of the Society of American Artists. In addition to these six institutions, the Cincinnati Museum Association and the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Phila- given thelr co-operation to This joint committee will old a meeting In New York in October neat, and will discuss the gdvisabflity of holding an exhibition of ancient and mod- ern coins to show the defects in our own coins by comparison. It will consider also the methods of foreign competition for coin designs, and the reasons why artists re- fused to enter on the competition of three Years ago. Finally, it will be asked to urg the advisability of having Rhames appear on coins and medals. A Change Every Ten Years, This joint committee proposes that there shall be a change in coin designs at regular intervals of ten years,and that each new set of designs shall be typical of the decade Preceding. This, of course, would require a special act of Congress. As to crediting the artist with the design of the coin, that is semething which Hes tn the discretion of the director of the mint. A great many coins and ull of the medals made at the Rint have been decorated with the names of the designers cr with some symbol by Which they could be fdentified. This is more than the bureau of engraving and printing proposes to do for the artists who designing the new paper currency. ents % oj will bear the imprint of the bureau, but nothing else in the nature of a ergdit. mtil the recent competition for designs for the paper currency all of the paper money of the United States had been de- — in the ~~ establishment Phere it was made. coins of the United States also have been designed by employes of the government, without exception. In Most cases the designer has been the chief @ngraver of the Philadelphia mint. The First Silver Dollar. The fr: iver dollar was made after a design by Robert Scot, the first engraver of the mint, app ited In 1793. On the HKth of the Bank of Maryland deposited mint French coins of the value of + 1-2, to be coined into silver dollars, he design of the coin, though it has had many variations, has always had for fts central figure on obverse and reverse, fespectively, the figure of Liberty and the eagle. The lettering has changed » to time. On the first dollar the ation was stamped on the edge of coin. Most of the successors of Scot were the Gesigners as -vell as engraver: signed all of the coins and mc medals made at the mint. These men were William Knea 0 desizned most of the 1d, and of 1836, 1897,183Sand 184 in stlver,Tut the silver dol- was designet by his assistant, 1 his successor,Christian Gobreecht. Gobrecht was in office from 1840 to 1844, and he was suce: B. Longacre, who was fn offi His successor, William Bart feur yee lsu to 1579, and was succeeded by his son Chas. E. Barber, the present engraver of the mint. The second Mr. Barber was the Cesigner of the present issue of subsidiary silver coin. He ts also generally credited with the design for the trade dollar, though the work was done by his father. And the <agle on the trade dollar, Director Preston says, is the finest eagle ever designed for ene of our coins. Not an Easy Task. If the sculptors believe that they are go- ing to have an easy time preparing or pro- curing designs for the new dollar, they wil! find themselves much mistaken. One rea- son why the work of designing has always been given to the mint engraver it that the desigring of medallic work requires a peculiar knowledge, which few engravers and fewer artists porsess. A design which appears exquisite in black and white may be utterly unsuited to a medal. There are several good medal designers in the United States. ‘The one with the highest reputa- tion ts Henry Mitchell of Boston. New York has several medal artists. Faber of Phlladelphia designed the life-saving medal of the Treasury Department. Antrobus of Chicago designed the Grant medal. And the Seward Robinson medal was designe? by George Coffin of the Treasury Depart- Toent at Washington. There are several good designers besides Mr. Barber in the Philidelphia mint. One of these, George T. Morgan, was the designer of the silver dollar now in circulation—the dollar of 187s. The prize to be given by the Sculpture Society is probably the only reward the successful artist will receive even if his design is adopted by the government. Possible that Congress will make a special appropriation to pay him something more, but the Secretary of the Treasury has no discretion to go outside the Treasury De- partment for artists. : No Money fer Special Designs. He can spend money from the mint ap- Propriation for the work of special en- sravers, but not for designers. Very few people know this, and in fact very few know the laws which govern the director of the mint in the matter of changing the coin designs, and hardly a week passes that does not bring to Mr. Preston some cast or drawing offered for sale as a coin design. On the floor of the mint director's office now iy a wooden box containing a plaster cast sent by Chas. A. Hensel of Philadelphia. The design is the reverse of the silver dollar and the central figure the eagle bird, in profile, with o: niniond. A shi imé ago 4 New Orleans women—an amateur—sent Mr. Preston a Jvrewing of the figure of Liberty, which the auint director says is the finest design sub- mitted since he has been connected with the bureau. He wss obliged to return it with the information that the ‘Treasury Depart- ment had no authority to buy it. Artists who are ambitious to shine in history as the designers of the coins of 1895 would better turn to the National Sculpture ciety for recognition and reward. There is another plaster cast in Mr. Pres- ton’s office In which he finds a great deal of amusement. It is the substitute design for the obverse of the world’s fair medial, sent in by St. Gaudens, after the youth whom the Senate committee called ob- scene had been rejected.. Mr. St. Gaudens had recelved $5,000 for the rejected design, and when he was invited to send in a sub- stitute for it he was advised tbat the de- partment would not pay him any more money. He sent in a model with appro- priate lettering covering all of the face ex- cept a little space at the top, on which a very ——— looking eagle strutted in @ wreath of laurel, and a panel below, in which the name of the prize winner was to appear. The whole thing looks as though Mr. St. Gaudens might have run it off in an idle hour. With this new effort came @ modest bill for $1,000, which was prompt- ly returned unpaid. And by the way, it is not generally ‘known that the President himself passed on Mr. St. Gauden's first design. His criticism was not at all on the nudity of the figure. He remarked that the left leg of the young man looked as though it had been broken and badly set. And so it did. GEORGE GRANTHAM BAIN. —~—. __ CARNOT’S FAMILY. tretch His Wife and Children Are Well Pro- vided For. . Parts Cor. of the Philadelphia Times, M. Carnot is set down as possessed of a middling fortune. In reality he had at his marriage, in 1863, precisely what he has left to his family at the end. This was $1,000 a year of his own, which he received from his father. His wife brevght him the double of this. This gave a handsome liv- ing, with general servant, ccok and coach- man, at the little town of Annecy. In Paris the very modest apartment in which the Carnots lived before he was raised to the presidency cost by itseif more than one- third of his income. With ihe expenses of the education of the three sons and daugh- ter, little was left for social display. In fact, the daughter, the eldest of the Car- not children, has been married off without a “dot.” Her husband, M. Cunisset, son of the mayor of Dijon, has his own ‘fortune of $10,000 a year. The engagement of the second son, Ernest, to the daughter of the rich Senator Chiris, was announced a few days before his father’s death. The Carnot children, however, have cer- tain prospects apart from the possibilities of marriage. Their mother is the daughter of M. Dupont-White, the half-English sec- retary of the minister of justice in the short-lived republic of 188. He is known as the translater into French of John Stuart Mill's work on political economy. His wife, who is still living, is the daughter of the former proprietor of the Hotel Meurice, the great resort of titled foreigners in Thack- eray’s day and still well frequented. The hotel is bound to pay to the family $30,000 a year, one-third of which goes to Mme. Dupont-White. As she has one other child beside Mme. Carnot, the latter will event- ually inherit one-sixih of this sum (35,000 a year), in virtue of the curious French law, which distributes property equally among the children of the owner. When this in turn comes to be divided among the four rnot children, each of the latter will he Je better off than their father at his en- nce into life. ‘Tit has always been understood that It wae the admirable management of Mme. Carnot which made both ends meet in the modest household. It now appears that her stimulus counted for a great deal in determining the retiring nature of her husband to take ad- vantage of the politica! opportunities opened to him in the republic. In this she was ably seconded by her husband's mother, Mme. Hippolyte Carnot, who ts gf the famlly of a revolutionary general, and has lived to see three generations of Carnots influencing the fortunes of France. The two ladies were so beat on putting forward the future president that Mme. Dupont-White, who was extremely fond of her son-in-law, used to remark: “They want so much of him that they will end by seeing his death. ——re+ Written for The Evening Star. Out in the Starlight. Out in the starlight bewitching eyes beam— Diemonds are flashing like stars in the sky. Opals and rubies and emeralds gleam— Softly the waves of the music flow by. But where the heavens bend, duskily blue, Ob, to be out in the starlight with you! Facing me yonder, a vision in lace, Smiles when I speak, as a beauty can emile, Seldom I've looked on a lovelier face, ‘Yet is my heart discontented the while; In the soft shadows and sweet-scented dew, ‘Oh, to be out in the starlight with you! What, for the muste and lights do I care— Peantiful faces and splendid array, Costly exotics that perfume the air, When the dear Rose of my heart is away? Gladly Td leave the gay scene that I view, starlight with you. papuentbse i G: HALTIE WHITNEY, ree Analysis of Peanut O11. From the Richmond Dispatch. One of the most intersting discoveries which we have made {s a charcteristic test for peanut oll as distinguished from cotton and olive ofls. When these oils are dis- solved In equal volumes of petroleum and treated with a few drops of sulphuric acid of 1.635 gravity, and thoroushly shaken, the ether solution of peanut ofl becomes a miag- nificent red-wine color, while the other olls remain either colorless or become slightly | brown. We have not applied this test to ail vegetable ofls, but it is completely charac- teristic of peanut of! as compared with the two mentioned. This reaction {s entirely new and weil} “become, without doubt, a standard one for distinguishing between the oils in question. We will extend the exami- nation to other vegetable oils as rapidly as we can get samples of known purity. 1. ‘may be that there fs no other vegetable oll which will give the beautiful wine-red color, It is ]- in which case we will have established a test by which peanut oil can be distin- guished from all other vegetable oils, A WHISPER HEARD Tt Passed Along the Arches to the Ear of Ben. Butler. AMUSING INCIDENT IN A GREAT CASE Characteristics of the Bench Some Thirty Years Ago. Personal ANECDOTES OF THE BAR Written Exclusively for The Evening Star. Wine IN THE CAP- Stol the other day I overheard one of the guides describing to ®& party of tourists the “whispering arches” In the Su- preme Court room, and it recalled to my mind an amusing in- cident which occur- red in that room in 1866. The chief ac- tors were Garrett Davis, then a Sena- tor from Kentucky, and Gen. Ben. Butler. It was during the trial of the famous trea- son cases from Indiana. It will be remem- bered that the “Sons of Liberty,” some times Known as the “Knights of the Golden Circle,” were very strong in the hocsier state during the war. In 1864 it was dls covered, as alleged, that a plot had bee. formed to assassinate Gov. Merten, sei upon the state government, release the con- federate prisoners confined in Camp Mcriton, arm them with guns taken from the ar- senal, and cast the fortunes of the stat- with those of the confede YY. Severai citizens were arrested for participation the plot, and some of these were tried on charge of treason before a miiitary co at Indianapolis, and three were condemned to death. The date of their execution hai been fixed, but Mr. Lincoln, a few’ days. be tore his death, grante? a respite. Betcre the arrival of the new date for the execu- tion, at the solicitation of Gov, Morton, President Johnson commuted their sen- tence to life imprisonment in the peniten- Wary at Columbus, Ohio. The prisoners finally agked for a writ of habeas corpus and their final discharge on the ground that i.diana was not in rebellion, nor at the time invaded by an armed enemy, and private citizens could not legally be trie) before a military court for any offense. The writ was refused by the court below and the case came to the Supreme Court on appeal. e In the 8 ‘eme Court. There was a great array of legal talent on both sides. The government was rep- resented Attorney General Speed, Gen. Ben. Butler and Henry M. Stanberry, after- ward Attorney General. For the applicants appeared Jos. E. McDonald of Indiana, Gen. Garfield, David Dudley Field and Jere Black. Garfield wes a volunteer attorney, and it was his first appearance before the Supreme Court. The case excited great attention, not only because of the array of great lawyers who were to take part in the argument, but on account of the prin- ciples involved, and during the progress ef the argument the court room was crowded to its utmost capacity. I do not remember the exact order in which the argument was made, but think Attorney General Speed had spoken for the government, and Mc- Donald, Gartield and Black for the pris- oners, when the incident to which I refer- red occurred. Among the visitors t» the court room that morning were ex-G Sharkey of Mississippt and Senator Davis of Kentucky. The chairs were all full when they entered, and recognizing them I went to them and gave them seats at the desk usually occupied by the crier. at the time an officer of the court. E Garfield or Black was speaking when they came in, and they paid the closest atten- tton to the argument. Butler was the next to follow for the government, and as ke arose on the oppo- site side of the room from the governor snd Senator, and began arranging his notes,the Senator turned to me and asked: “Who is that?” I replied by informing him it was Gen. Butler. It seemed to both astonish and irritate the distinguished Kentuckian, and in a rasping voice, very different from the courteous tones he generally, used, in speaking to ary one, he said: “What, is that old Beast Butler?” At this Butler pricked cp his ears and glanced around. I cught to have sald that the Serator, in speaking, was facing one of the whispering arches, while the general was at the other end,and could distinctly hear every word that was uttered. I assured Mr. Davis it was in very truth the Butler who had been denominated the beast. The Irate Kentuckian. He at once arose from his chair and asked for his hat. Knowing the peculiar con- struction of the room, and that Butle> was cognizant of all that was said, I was anx- fous to carry the conversation @ little fur- ther, and I said to him: = “Senator, you have listened to cne side of the ease, will you. not remain and hear the general on the other?” I will never forget the tcne in which he replied: “Stay io hear that old spoon thief? No, sir! No, str! You are an officer of the cou to stay, but, sir, 1 can go, and will go. I was watching Butler, and the look of amusement on his countenance was almost too much for me, and I had to retire to another room to give vent to my laughter. At the conclusion of his speech the general came over to where I was standing, and for some little time*joked about the action of the irascible Kentuckian. All the speeches made during the hearing of the cause were worthy of the important questions involved, and of the court before which the argument was made. Mr. Stan- berry closzd for the governmeat. As part of his argument went to the poi want of jurisdiction cf the court, cla that aa far as the court had any fi knowledge, the applicants were no longer in esse, and if that was so, they could not sue for a writ. He claimed that unless the records showed to the contrary, every court was bound to presume that the orders every other court had been duly carrieJ out; that the record disclosed that the three men had been condemned to death at a certain time; that the sentence had been approved by the President and the order for Its exccu- tion issued, but that the President had af- terward granted an extension of time to another fixed day; that it had been stated in argument the men were confined in the penite atiary, but the record before the court did no: disclose that their sentence had been commuted, or another respite given, and as the day fixed for their execution had long since passed, and nothing was on rec- ord to the contrary, the court was bound to presume they had been duly executed ac- cording to the order. Mr. Stanberry was a reat snyff taker, and a box of that titillat- fas compound was kept for his use and that of others of like habits on the desk of the crier. The Men Were Retensed. At the conclusion of his speech he came over to the desk for his accustomed “pinch.” I referred tothe line of his argument, men- tioned above,.and asked him if he really thought it wis sound. He laughed a merry laugh, and said the covrt would not hold with him, but it would puzzle them for some time, as they were great sticklers for the rights of courts, and he had stated the law correctly when he said the court was bound to presume the crders of another court, duly entered of record, had been cur- ried out, unless there was something in the record to show to the contrary. The court did not hold with hir, but granted the writ and the three men were released. The Supreme Court then consisted of Chief Justice Chase, and justices Wayne, Nelson, Clifford, Grier, Swayne, Miller, Davis and Field. Justice Field is now the only living member of that court. Mr. Wayne was the oldest justice both in years and in length of service. He was appointed to the bench by Andrew Jackson, and re- mained loyal when his state, Georgia, se- ceded. He was a typical southern gentle- | man, of the old school, extremely touchy, yot with that high-bred courtesy so pleasant to meet with ‘n daily Itfe. I remember be- ing sent to his house late one night by the chief justice. I foun® quite a company there when I arrived. On ringing the bell the door was opened by the servant, but the daughter of the justice happened to be in the hall, She recognized me and came forward at onc. I told her I desired to see the justice, and she o1 the servant to show me at once to thejlibrary, which was at the head of the steirs, The Judge Wus ‘vesty. The servant tapped at thé door, and on being told to enter, opened thie door and be- gan to announce me. The justice did not walt for him to finish,,but as soon as he discovered that it was a visitor, spoke sharply to the servant, and said: “James, how many tities Dave I told you I must not be interrupted when in my study by visitors?” ee As the servant was not to! blame, ped forward and remarked that his daugh- ter had told me to come right up without sending my card. The° justice recognized me, and at once arose.and came forward. With a courtly bend he extended his hand, and at once apologized, saying that, being n officer of the court, his laughter did per- fectly right in sending me at once to him. The next day I met him at the court room, and he again expressed his regret for his hasty words to his servant, and said that he had always been testy, and beiieved he Was g2-owing more so with advancing «ge, but a sentleman was almost inexcusable for Speaking testily to a servant unless the Provocation was very great. He said that as he advanced in age be found he had to give more hours to his werk, and interrup- tons caused him much more trouble than they did when he was younger. Justice Wayne was one of the hardest working men on the bench. Not thot he did more than the othezs, for I then often thought the chlef Justice tried to Hghten his burdens as much as he coula, but because his age quired a longer ‘time to accomplish his work. He several times told me that he of. ten remained ‘n his library until 2 and clock in the morning. If I rememb: right, he also sald his daughter helped him sreatly by looking up authocities for him, end oftentimes by acting as his amanuensis in preparing his opinions. Characteristics of the Judge. Justice Grier was also wetting along in years at that time, and on warm days, and when the argument was n I step- more tha, erdinarily prosy, would sometimes indulge in a quiet nap in hi nd Justice Warne were peew ve to the on while Justice ClfMord, on the ot Was always oppressed between them it was a } seep the temperature of th by the > AS to please them. Bath tnd Wayne were snuff takers the first thing after taking their e morning was to send Xes replenished at the dé jastice Grier was neve! Mr. Wayne, but was n the attaches of the court alw: Justices Davis and Swayne we: _ jarge men, and were great friends and companians. They often became tired of stung during the erguments, and it was m standing uncommon thing to see up leaning against one of the columns be. hind their seats. They were both great candy eaters, and as regular as the morn- Ing came, as soon after the opening of court as they could get a pag ey each sent out for a dime’s worth of ‘candy, and slowly munched it during the progress of the argument. Justice Nelson alwys paid vlose attention to whoever was speaking, and quite often interrupted by askin ques- tions. Clifford, however, was the great in- terrupter, and it used to be remarked that his interruptions were graded with great exactness by the size of the audience. If there were few visitors in the lobby he had but few questions to ask, bul if the reom was full his interruptions feil fasi pouner and furious, and after each he would settle his huge frame back tuto his chair while a pleased smile would spread over his broad face. At that ‘tlm¢ he was also famous for giving dissentihs o: used to be said if he did not opinion of the majority Ke always dis- sented. Forgot to Adjotrn. Justice Miller always paid the closet at- tention to the arguments, and seldom in- terr: pted. He anl Davis were the kindest men on the bench. Justice two Field, at that ¢ime, was a very nefyous man, and His briefs nothing seemed to please bil and reconis had to be fast it so, and if not the unl sure to caten it. If the lobt ring up great a hich he woakd rus moments emt the orders for ethers. u jock as if he was not pa: the atiorney at alk i had both ears o} him, It was pu Chief Justice w courtesy combined, and followei record or ¢ ief while the was mak: his arg e himself ving. the argument Ons of the y-locking, — th Picrida, wh spoke in a thin, pipi but seemed to be abl> to taik int During the afternoon [ looked row of justices, and it seemed as if were all taking a quiet nap. Justice Fi had forgotten to send for books; Swayne and Davis were no longer muaching candy; Clifford and Nelson negiected to ask ques: tions, while Wayne and Grier were actual- ly nodding. The chief justice sat with his head bent over his desk in front of him, but so sill that I felt sure he was asleep. Adjourning *!+ had come, but no sign had been given Mr. Chase that he was aware of the flight of time. One, two and three minutes elapsed, and. as I was ex- ceedingly anxious to go down into the city that afternoon, 1 ventured behind the chief justice and whispered to him that the hour of adjournment had a. He started up as if awakenet out of a doze, and said, “Sure enough; so it ba: and, without stopping the lawyer in bis torrent of words, turned to the crier and ordered court at sourned. A Grateful Courtesy. I never knew the court to hold beyond its regular adjourning time but en ‘That was on the last apearan: the venerable Thomas Ewing. eld and very feeble, and speech on an important will ¢ r er rightiy, at least the one occasion. 2 before it of Me was very arrived, ! suspend his’ argu: : onferred with punced that owin: age and feebleness of th apparent be would not be a again on the next day, and 1! 1 fo sit end let him finist The great advocate see pressed with the cou: a few brief sentences, filled wit turaed bts thanks and proce argument. Arfiong the attorney frequently before th. were Jere. Black, Caleb, Cushin, Johnston, Henry Stanberry, Ge and Mr. Riddle of Washington. portant land cases from C: hat a , re ded with his who appeared most Many im- ifornia were pending, and in most of them Mr. Riddle and Jere. Black appeared, sometimes as- soctal together, and at others on ‘opposite sides. 1 remember Mr. Riddle as a very nervous man, speaking in @ quick and de- cided vote, and jumpigs m side to side of the maps and dia; which always iMustrated his arguiments.BHe wis postea cn ali points in old Spenigh and Mésican land grants, and was a hafd man to down. Jere. Black spoke, as the sgying is, as if he had mush in his mouth, He was a great hand to quoie from ,Shakéspe and the Bible. afd his arguments abounded in flashes of humor. He gp4 Reverdy Johnston Mr. Stanberry w@e, the three kindest rs 1 ever knew. About the court room se days were a mnnaber of young men studying law, and neither Of the three gen- en I have named e red away from one of them wh¢n agked a question. Thave known them to.sit down for'an hour and elaborate to a young law j point they had just | They dette’ for the prof. student some de before the court. ed to help-yougg men studying ion, ss Rare and Curious Gems, From the New York Ledger, The rarest and costilest gems, though flot always esteemed the most beautiful, are pigeon’s blood rubies, fire opals and dia- monds that are pure, but shed a distinct glow of blue or pink. A very perfett pearl of generous size and lustrous skin, tinted a rarely beautiful golden green, was valued, unset, at $1,800. A faultless’ green pearl is very rare. is a dark green stone that is*pollshed, out and set very like a fine topaz or amethyst in large, showy rings surrounded by dia- monds. By the light of day the Alexan- drite has no special uty save its fine luster, but directly a shaft of artificial light strikes the dull stone, deep gleams of red flash out of the green, and under the gas or in the firefight one ignorant of this vagary would instantly pronounce it @ jroe. A curlous stone Is the Alexandrite. It; , | to the lad’s finess, intimating in a mean | | ty | leave of absence. WINNING HIS STAR SS See OR THE ADVENTURES OF PAUL TRAVERS. > WRITTEN FOR THE EVENING STAR BY SAM T. CLOVER. eee (Copyright, 1894.) CHAPTER XVILL The sleeping apartment of the under- stewards was known as the “glory hole. Who first gave it this tnelegant but strik- Ing title no one could tell, but the “glory hole” it had been far back in the earliest recollection of the oldest hand on ship- board, Z It was appropriately named in many re- Spects, Situated just forward of the main saloon on the deck below, it was separated by a thin partition only from the hold, where the passengers’ baggage was stored. A dark and dismal compartment at best, fitted up with a number of wooden bunks or “pews” and lighted by an oll lamp which swung from the center of the room, it. My accommodated the score of under- stewards, pantrymen and galley slaves, who made life a burden to the head saloon steward. The wit of the glory hole was a genuine London cockney, nicknamed “Scully,” from the fact that he filled the position of ullery boy in the cook's kitchen, where furblshed the pots, pans and copper kettles saerea to that department. Hy could neither read nor write, but was chock full of native humor, and his bright sallles kept his: companions in a constant roar whenever he was below. It was he swtho' christened Paul “Yank,” and who es- tablishel, the newcomer in his strange ndings by giving him the right hand owship and welcoming him to the The name stuck to Paul throughout the » and so long as he remained on ard no ope ever thought of calling ing else. Even the chief steward addressed: him by ‘this title, and on one oc- sion the pompcus captain, making his jorning round of inspection, inquired why “Yan's” blankets were not neatly folded and in thelr customary place at the head of his bunk. Shipped at London and serving English owners It naturally followed that all Paul's messmates were Britis Many of them, like the witty but illiterate “Scully,” were cockney born ond bred, and their sublime disregard of the English language, par- ticularly of the letter “h.”” was an unsolved puzzle over which Paul constantly mar- veled. Full of Whitechapel slang and con- cert hall ditties, there was yet nothing vicious about the youngsters, whose treat- unent of the American recrult was friendly enough, with ome or two notable excep- tons. There were two pert cockney youths who did not take kindly to Paul’s advent among them. From the outset they sneered at the “blawsted Yankee,” whom they looked upon as an Interloper and with whom they were constantly finding fault, to the great bawled, from sailing, when om his ice-pai ing in his bi is 'e?" had been making covert his pew the morning after tal, aching In every limb experience, lay groan- “"E ain't a ‘urtin’ you ik. allusions that he k an@ that his @ ZSaarick to ma 1 could only feeb ations, 3 too fond of his | out with them enough to stard up-and take his med ‘Let ‘em alone, Scully,” his friend, who occupied the adjoining pew. Je with ’em both just as suon as to get up; see if 1 that, Bei e ‘ear that, ing a b.tuc give e auys, one of | we an LCi es! u S were in the act of 3 preparatory to wait- the saloon table for breakfast. encver ‘e’s ready,” said lofty Mr. Jonas, buttoning on a ceiiuioid collar, “i shall be bust ‘appy to meet im.” “And as for me,” chimed in Bricksey, “I'll punch ‘is bloomti ‘ead in with’ the greatest pleasure h’an: time ’e wants the job done, with neatness and dispatch.” At which ‘iippancy both lavghed uproariously, and sprang up the companionway lo the deck above. “Two nice cups o” tea, them ducks is, now ain't they?" observed Scully, sarcas- ‘theally. ‘ip me Bob, I'll lick ‘em meself, Yank, if you don't, just to teach ‘em good manners; th "s too jolly flip, they is, for this ‘ere glory "ole." At Melbourne Paul was able to crawl out of his bunk afd rencw his duties; a litle shaky on his pins ond still full of aches nd pains, but too auxtous to refute the in- nuation that he was “soldiering” to oc- eupy his pew any longer. More passengers and stores were taken aboard and then the Chimbers y to South Aus- where she was to make her last call Anchoring in the beau- off Port Adelaide, a quanti- y of flour and a @Bzcn live stcers were Lrougiit abe Nehters, while a sm tes conve: alf dozen pp: teoked fr: is port. Paul lon to way a farewell visit to. hi » but the hours, wh. p's stay was limited to a few ch effectually preciuded a Frm Adelaide th g this point vessels | unter a heavy blow, ort of miniature Orp¢ a gale of wind in corstant | let loose on the wary pe. | vigator. Chimborazo had to take ber medicine h the rest, with, perhaps a littie extra | of dirty weather by ‘way of an Aus- n farewell. The wind blew a perfect hurricane and the we.ves that dashed over the ship were 80 1d and came wit such orce that several of the steers on deck died fron the exposure while dozens of drowned in their coops. aul ~itnessed an amusing incident dur- ing this blow. The gale was at its height when he relieved the “saloon watch” about midnight, and his ‘nstructions were to see, that all the portholes were kept snug, as the Chimborazo was shipping considerable sea. The passengers had been warned be- fcre retiring to refrain from touching them, no matter how close the a phere be- came, but an obstinate John Bull thought he knew more than the officers and turned | in leaving the porthole in his berth par- ; tially open. He was radely awakened from sleep hy a sudden rush of water through the oritice, | whieh completely drenched the cabin and | pevring into his berth half drowned the oc- | eupant red almost out of his wits, and | almost choked with salt water, he leaped to the floor and darted into ‘the saloon | shrieking: “We're drowning, we're drown- | Guessing the cau f his fright, Paul ran dy the excited Englishman and sprang for | the open port in the state room. Taking | of a favorable lurch of the ves- sel, turned the serew befcre the next wave had | he slammed the tron frame shut and a chance to force ils way through, Mean- time the rest of the passengers, catching the alarm, came rushing from thelr cabins regardless of their costumes. Men in pa- jamas and women with faces as white as their nightrobes pounced upon Paul as he emerged from the flooded state room, all eager to learn the dire tidings. Quicting their fears by assuring them there was no danger, the lad hastily explained the cause of the commotion. Then the women awoke to a sensa of the | proprieties, and, gathering tir flowing garments about them, fled back to the pri- vacy of their cablris. One stout colonial lady who was in a particulariy airy garb nbbed the red piano cover to hide her xposed limbs, and whisked through the saloon ‘p a flaming meteor, her filght hastened by an uncontrollable burst of | The poor fellow was fighting for j reached the sick 'a_ fortune |eoning. At eight | his emaciated “poa: iaughter from two irreverent youngsters in pajamas who were not too scared to en- | joy the ludicrous spectacle she presented. Paul had a hard task mopping up the water in the Englishman's cabin. But there was some satisfaction in knowing that every stitch of clothing in it was soaked with salt water and completely spoiled. It was daylight before the lad re- tored order, and he feit he had fairly earned the plece of gold which the passen- ger insisted was due him for his trouble. After this experience the nglishman never fooled with pcrtholes, and on the hottest nights, while in the Red sea, he lay half suffocated in his beth rather than take any chances with open ports. After leaving Cape Leewin the weather moderated materially, but the first Sunday at sea it was still too rough to hold services on deck, so the passengers gathered in the main ®aloon, the captain officlating and the entire crew participating. As Paul was very tired, he passed the hour in his pew in rest, and appropriate meditation, listening half dreamily to the running fire of cock- ney smail talk indulged in by his comrades of the glory hole. So far he had avoided any direct quarrel with either Jonas or Bricksey, but every day their attitude to- ward him became more exasperating and unbearable, and the lad was nerving him- self for the supreme moment when he felt sure he would be compelled to assert his manhood. In the assignment of work among the understewards, to Paul had been given the task of waiting on the children's table. There were about a dozen little ones in the saloon, and these, together with several nurses who ate with them, were the lad’s particular charges. It really meant so much extra work for him, as, their meals eccurring half an hour in advance of the saloon table, he was expected to get every- thing cleared away before the regular meal times, in which he also had to lend a hand. There was no idling on board the Chimborazo, and those who have followed Paul's adyentures thus far may judge for themselves whether the lad earned his salt these days. A glance®at a sample day's work will better inform them how his time was occupied. ° At 4:45 the “deck man” clattered down the companion way into the glory hole and aroused the tired occupants of the pews with a “Now, then, tumble out, fellows; two bells just gone. Pile up on deck lively!” With many a yawn and muttered remon- strance the boys lazily dress and seek the purer air above. Each one is supplied witn # bucket and scrabbing brush at the begin- ning of the voyage, for which he is held responsible. Any loss ts charged to his ac- count and deducted from his wages when the crew is paid off. Sometimes a boy loses his brush and bucket through carelessness, aud these he tries to replace by poaching on bis comrades;, supplies,- carefully erasing their private ‘marks and substituting his vwn instead. « VPaul'g initial duty after turning out was to produce. his bucket an@ brush from the dark corner under his pew, where they were secreted, and serub fifty feet of the main deck, This task generally con- sumed an hour and a half, and the boy ‘ound it a rather severe eye-opener. Fol- towing that came an hour’s grind in the saloon, polishing the glasses in the racks or jJeaning the brasswork on the punkah rods. At 7330 he went below to dress for the chil- dren's breakfast at S. At 9 the regular sa- joon breakfast was served, after which he had thirty minutes to discuss his own meal, by this time a thorough necessity. His next snove was to dive below into the glory hole to get his pew in readiness for morning in- spection, and then came mote cleaning in the saloon to prepare for the eagle eye of the captain on his grand rounds at 11 o'clock. Polishing skyligits or silverware lasted until 12 o'clock, when the children’s dinner had to be served. Saloon luncheon at 1 c’clock followed, after which, if it was uot a “ueld day,” the lads were allowed a short rest. ‘Twice a week, however, this much-needed res ite was denied, what was known as eld days” occurring, when the afternoons “were devoted to hauling flour, “spuds” and vther supplies from the store room forward or passing up beer cases from the lazarette, ali of which were back-aching jobs. At 5 o'clock, in the midst of a delightful nap, the harsh voice of the Scotchman, who ranked |" as head saloon stewari, would penetrate the giory hole, and Paul would be awakened by the cry of “Oonder, below, Yand! Air ye comin’ oop the noo?” And out “Yanda” would have to tumble in order to serye the dren's tea. aioon dinner at 6 was the event of the " task that was not com- every bit of silver, giassware nd crockery had been “strapped up” and towed away in the pantryman’s closet. ‘Their own dinner the boys ate as they couid find time after the last passenger had leared out and before the work of “strap- ping up” began. Right on top of this came Saloon tea at 8:00, a light meal, in which tea and toast predominated. Twice a week Paul's rest Was broken by a midnight watch rom 12 to 2 or from 2 to 4, whicheduty, however, did not excuse him from the reg jer call at 4:15 in the morning. The boy not put on week that voyage from Sydney to London. The second Sunday at sea was marked by 4 burial, the first Paul had ever seen in the veean, unjess that of the performing stal- tion be considered. The day previous a young woman in the steerage had died of consumplion. Her brother was taking her back to their native Wales to die, knowing she was beyond recovery. The young man was greatly affected during the impressive funeral services, and when the body, sewed up in canvas and weighted with iron slugs, was shot over the wooden grating, his sobs were very distressing. The funeral was neil immediately after breakfast, all the passengers, from fore and aft, gathering with uncovered heads about the captain, who read from the ritual the beautiful words appointed for burials at sea. On the Wednesday following another sod occurred, this time in the saloon. it happened during Paul's miduight watch. He had just returned from making the “grani rounds” in the second cabin, and Was trimming the o:l lamp which swung from the rack when he heard a faint ery in one of the state rooms. Knowing the doctor had been attending a sick passenger, the lad rightly guessed whence sound is- sued and went direct to the invalid’s cabip brer’.n, *othes id uch flesh during the seven $ he served aboard the Chimborazo on and was feebiy beating the bed when Paul opened the door. He sr. the doctor at once, but before ‘the mmes aan's TOP, his services were not needed. The de? cused had made i in tin miwse in New South Wales, but at the secritice of his health, his systein having "een rutned by lead pol. belis Thursday morning y Was consigned to the is effects placed in charge of the purse, to be turned over to the rela- | tives fa England. Oe morning shortly before the ship ‘‘oscel the equator, Paul reached und his pew for his bucket and found it gone. He was positive he had placed it there the day before, so he thought there was little doubt one of the boys had purioined it. But which one? With unerring intuition he decided that the thief was his old enemy, Jonas, whose own bucket, he happened to know, had been in a dilapidated condition for several days Both Jonas and Bricksey had been particularly ofious in their ac- uons for several days, apparentiy with the intention of making life on the Chimborgzo uncomfortable as possible for the e interloper, 1's wrong, Yank?" demap%ea Scul- noticing Paul's distress, “As some- deep and aj? ly. body been an’ gone an’ swired yer paile?” “Yes, bucket and bras», have both di: red. oo pea: “"Oo took "em, f'ye s'pose?” “Well, I dopt know, for sure, but I think Jonas had % hend tn it.” Jonay was just getting ready to climb the cowpanion ladder when the lad’s chalieng- “ug tones reached him, He dropped back tnto the glory hole ana stalkel across the dimly lighted room to where Paul stood. “You're a lying Yankee sneak,” he shout- ed, shaking his fist in. the boy's face, for a thrupp’ny bit I'd lick the whole hoffer yer!” The crucial moment had come. Paul caught a glimpse of Scully's tense expres- sio! w nd he feit that all tht boys were hing him closeiy to sce if he displayed the white feather, He knew he must either give this Whitechapel bully a good thrasa- ing or else submit to continual indi the remainder of the voyage. The ugly face of Jonas was peering into his own, and the Iittie pig eyes wore #0 ageravating an expression that in an in- stant prudence had vanished and shooting out his right hand Pau} dealt bis adverse", a ringing slap on the cheek. a8 Jumped for Ios youngster was too quick for him.*siud leaping aside, again ad A te? i smart clip, Cleneeg nag, TATE clip, this time with his “A ring, @ ring!” yelled the boys, whose inherent British desire to see fair play was in the ascendant; “keep ‘em apart, Scully, till me make a circle.” Scully had already darted in between the tw> angry lads. “Inwardly realizing it Would be a mistaken kindness toward Paul to prevent the fight he hurriedly whisper- mash ‘im ‘atween the heyes hevery tim Bricksey performed the friendly cffices for his chum. The contestants, stripped to = their waists, faced each other and waited for Scully to call “time.” Paul was pale, but determined, Jonas savage and flushed, the finger marks on his cheek showing plainly even in that uncertain light. “Don’t let ‘im close in on ye,” was Scul-, iy’s parting warning, “ ‘e's strong as ‘orse on the crush.” The lad nodded and the two sparred for position. With his long arms Jonas had the advantage, but Paul was much more active, and the boys were by to see that no unfeir advantage was taken. A terrific left-hander ainted by Jonas was neatly guarded, aud in retaliation the youngster got in a swinging overhand that landed under his opponent's right ear. Back and forth the blows came in succession, ard when Scully called time both lads were pretty well winded. Paul's nose bled profusely from a tap early in the contest, but his adversary’s left eye was almost closed and a front tooth was miss- A brief rest and they went at it again, the one savagely determined to force the Aghting, the other keenly alert to keep out of chancery and get in as many telling whenever the opportunity present- ed. In three minutes they had given and taken several vicious blows, and the punish- ment was beginning to tell. The tion poured down Paul's face and body in streams, so that he was almost while a frightful gash on his cheek to his distress. But he hed the grim satis- faction of knowing that Jonas was in even 2 worse condition, and he gritted his teeth ae the bye round. just as they engaged again and Paul had Stopped a sudden rush by a well-aimed body blow the boys were electrified by hear- ing a well-known voice exclaim: “You young wretches, what do you mean by Sort of deviltry? Stop it this bistant!” In a second the ring had melted, and ge ate bets ets the lads crowded up e er and disappeared. Jonas, t had suddenly vanished, leaving Paul and Sevlly to confront the angry chief steward, (To be continued.) — AN OLD MAN'S Love. He Gave His Entire Property to His Promised Wite. From the San Francisco Chronicle. Miss Mary Amelia Holden of S58 Tolsom street has almost secured a windfall of $30,000 throvgh the act of an old man who fell in love with her, willed her bis prap- erty and then died. James Bowles, one of the oldest Locksellers of this city, was the man to whom love came just before death overtook him, but then Bowles was always peculiar. > About eight years ago he took a room at Mrs. John Holden's lodging house. He gave Miss Mary Holden a position as sales- woman and Sookkeeper in his store. Bowles formed a great attachment for the gti and in the middie of May last marriage to her. Miss Holden was but nineteen and Bowles fifty-eight. Bowles’ suit was not displeasing to the young girl, and she referred him to her parents, who consented to the match. 20 he died, and the public administrator has commenced to administer on the estate. Miss Holden gave up the bank books and keys of the store, and in accordance with legal formalities she has brought suit for the money in bank. Thus the little romance of Bowles’ last da: has been brought to ght. The sults are amicable ones tc give the banks legal authority to turn the money over to Miss Holden. The German Savings and Loen Society is sued for $2,432.03, the Humbolt Sgvings and Loan Soclety for $2,882.22 and the San Francisco Savings Union for $99,424.07. Rowles’ entire estate, which consists of this money and the book store, is valued at $30,000. It is not known that Bowles had any heirs, but Miss Holden claims that all the property was given to her before his death, so that the heirs, if any, would be shut out. Bowles made a request of his fiancee that she pay a few legacies accord- ing to his wishes. These will cut a small figure, and virtually the whole of the estate will fall to Miss Holden, —— FACTS ABOUT BABIES. The Biggest Isn't Alwar, ine rinest by Any Bons. From the Milwaukee Jr eae, It isn't always she biggest baby that te the stronges? nor finest, for firmness of fesh and “cone with a steady if slow in- creas® ‘in weight and bulk ts better than any great stature or weight. Of course children are built on different models and one cannot say that .a baby should weigh just so much at such’and such a time, but Some one has gone to the trouble of getting some averages with which mothers may console themselves when they have notht: else to think of. At birth a boy shoul weight some 6% to 7 pounds, a girl some- what less, or about 6 to 6 1-2 pounds. Twins are always of lower average weight and size than single children, although the two together weigh more than any singie baby. In heicht a boy should measure at birth on an average 18 to 19 inches; a girl some half an inch less—the range of health lying be- tween 16 and 22 inches. The child grows with rapidity during the first year, faster than during any other period of the same length, so that it gains about § inches, measuring when twelve Fignths old adopt 27 inches, its weight ing about 49 pounds. During the secon’ year it gains onty 4 5 pounds {i inches on a » and of 31 inches ani these average, weight, reaghing a stature a weight of 24 pounds. But figures repres™nt only the average, the extreme TAD between wide limits. A fact that %s seldom taken into consideration with children, with regard to their weight and plumpness, is that about their second year, when <hey are learning to waik, they be- come thinner, not because they deteriorate in health, but through the increased exer- cise using up more of the tissues the muscles of the body. ———-+e-+____ A Creature of the Imagination. From Puck. ‘The Author's Wife—“There is one charace ter in your play that ts simply absurd.” The Author#{"Which one?” The Author's Wife—“The old servant who has been with the family twenty years.” SS es: S27 yal Baking Pow der az Pure Acream of tartar baking pows der. Highest of all in leavening strength.—Laes! United States Governmen Food Report, Royal Baking Powder Oo, 106 WallSt, N.Y.