Evening Star Newspaper, August 4, 1894, Page 19

THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, AUGUST 4, 1894-TWENTY PAGES. THE STUDENT OF ART With the Bohemians in the Latin PARISIANS AND THEIR FON In the Sitet- tak ah the Bal Bullier. 5 INDUSTRY, WIT AND RIBALDRY Written Exclusively for The Evening ‘Star. NA “LETTER TO a Young Gentleman Who Proposes to Em- brace the Career of Art,” Robert Louis Stevenson took occa- sion to express a large number of views, some of them sensible, and among others that the artist should be content with a bare living as his recompense; that in the joy of .he prac- fice of his art he has already more than his share of the rewards of life. If this be so then the student of art, abroad—in Paris —im the Latin quarter, should be preity well satisfied with semi or even two-thirds starvation as his portion. He is a curious animal, the art student, a cre re of strange experience and an unaccountable psychology. He is blessed with the possession of certain «qualities, and the absence of certain others, which make him a natural subject of Bohemia; and In its capital, the Latin quarter, where the fundamental law of Bohemia is the subversion, as far as possible, of all law, and the essential custotm !s contempt of all custom, he ts distinguished among his fel- lows. He ts more imaginative in his de- Pravity, than the student of taw; more spiritual than the student of medicine; he has not the discipline of ‘a polytechnician; and is more ingenious than all of these. Oceasionally traces of conscience are no- ticeable about mewly arrived Americans, but such cases are usually not cbstinate, although I know of one which was persis- tent. It finally developed into a hacking cough and the young fellow was compelled to winter in Italy. He trious. But whatever his peculiarities, the rormal and well-constituted art student is indus- trious. The light does not struggle long through the grimy window of his atelier before he tumbles off his nondescript couch, or divan, as he prefers to call it, hurries through a brief toilet and into the street. Round the corner is a little dingy cafe where they prepare an infusion of ehiccory rr him faintly of coffee, end serve half a litre of it in a bowl with Alphonse Delivérs @ Thrust in Quarte & soup spoon for two sous. The flace is half full of workingmen in blouses, snd he galutes as he enters, for he has learned of the graceful customs of the Paris- super- me fer whom people are wont to call = i. But ine genial “Bon fa m each stranger in, tal gome of that pe cb breskinal dissatig- tion with lie he takes his chiccory nd bread without butter with a more hristiay® spirit. Three or four fellow stu- nts fnter, and if the flavor of the chic- gory is not stifled by the raciness of the nversation, the gosstp of the quarter or ge latest anecdote, it is forgotten in the excitemeng of-@ discussion of the superls tive merits or the ineffable infamies of the latest fad im painting, ~~ Enger for Discussion. No religious’ ‘views are attacked or @efended by» fanatics with greater fe- rocity than the different “schools” of art by thése €mbfyo “painters; but they wil usually stand by the latest, the most startling vagary, and the one most likely to paralyze the faculties of +, unenlightened public. At times sug> tercation will arise in the schos” 0 Mt. the form of partisan warfa 47, 400, “the different classes, each de- in OOor the ne, spective merits of its - | ; 5 nap? ester, the Julian school, on the §fOU'", fioor, are three classes fn one room. “at es & spark {s necessary to Kindle th¢ “james of internecine war. A Toy 24". @iscussion will lead to violent Weagyr ce “and defiance. The classes will B ft up, and when they have exhausted the resources of invecttre, the missiles begin to fly and in @ second a tumult is on which is a credit to the traditions of the quarter. Bread, modeling clay, stretchers and stools hurtle through the alr and crash into the howling ranks of the factions. The fight is fierce, but brief. ‘The uproar brings the a thorities of the school, and vigorous effcrts are made to re-establist peace. The shower of projectiles gives place to one of oaths and epithets m Fretrch, Russian, Spanish and vigorous English, and both sides turn their attention to collecting their scattered property and doctoring pruises. The mod- els resume their posing, and by the time the dust has settled the is profound—to endare from half #n ‘to six weeks, ac- cording to very slight circumstances. "" Witty, but Shameless. ‘The-tame-of the Academie Julian 1s world- wide, but many of its most striking and in- teresting fédtures have never been describ- ed. .They never will be, in print. Rabelais fs dead and Zola has tod much natural re- finément of taste. It is a popular idea that the artist is a being of superfined sensibilities. So he may become, after h*¥ faves the schools—the Parisian schools, | mesnesbpt the change is the’most radical éf reaetions. The art stu- dent of Paris ig the mostygandalous, ribald, desperately shameless, and at the same tima the most jnconcetvably droll of human ercatures. His only redeeming quality is the pestect. ness sam@ candor of his badness and the vproarious humor with which it ja.alwaysaceompanted. With the bandon and freedom from self-consctous- ness of a gambeling lam® he will perpe- trate a joke which would make an angel laugh.- but would bring a blush to the ewarthy cheek of the arch-fiend. The Students’ Duel. the midst of such associations, in an ‘king with the smell of tur- In pen and chép tobacco, does Genius sprout. But so fiym is the purpose of the stud: as a general thing, so = fatigable ts diligente and so great ts h enthusia mome impressions. But there ar@@tversions which the. arduous stuly af. A quarrel may of individuals about wit not warrant a paritisa: Yow {g struck. a he school is in an uproar. ‘Th aay separated and held. The matt is discussed, a duel ts decided upon as in- Gispensable to the henor of the student who was struck, and the details are quickly arranged. The school is more solicitous of the injured man’s honor than he is himself. He shudders at the prospect. He has wit- nessed these affairs. No matter; the pre- liminaries are completed with all the punc- tilio and ceremony of the code. Then a ring is formed and the principals are placed in the center, on stools, stripped to the waist, each armed with a mahl stick, to the end of which is attached a large brush. By his side, conveniently, is a palette with a Hberal supply of paint. Fach dips his brush in the pigment at command, and at the drop of a handkerchief they engage. If they are two Frenchmen it {s an exhibition of swordsmanship. Neither, at first, dis- plays a very lively interest, but the crowd is encouraging and they slowly warm to their work as they see that it is inevitable. Alphonse is the aggressor; he is the one who was struck. Several times his thrusts barely fail of reaching the mark, but each is met by a skillful, if spiritless, parade, by the apathetic Pierre. At length, how- eveg, the latter delivers a riposte at his ad- versary’s face, and in the partially success- ful parry the paint-laden brush 1s swept across the distinguished countenance of Al- phonse, leaving a dazzling streak of vermil- lion from one cheek across the nose to the temple. There Is a howl of applause and Alphonse grows more interested. He. is less cautious and scon leaves a brushful of green on his opponent's visage. It is re- turned with interest. No enthusiasm is wanting now, and as soon as the brushes On the “Boul Miche.” are empty the weapons are struck up by the umpire with a mahl stick, and gener- ously recharged from the palettes. Bril- Kant blotches of green, red, blue and yel- lew begin to spread over the vanishing features and perspiring _ bodies fighters. “Ah, c'est impressionism an enthusiastic Frenchman. “I m returns another, contemptuously. jah! It is prismatic-colorism, imbecile.” Pierre laughs. Fatal laugh. His vigilance for the instant is relaxed, and his mouth is open. Like lHghtning comes a thrust in quarte, and Alphonse’s brush is rammed half down his throat. He sputiers a halt- strangled “sacre,” his arms wave for an in- stant, and he comes down with a crash to the floor. The place is a bedlam, but be- fore he ceases to see stars the umpire has him on his feet, crowding a towel Into his throat, and swabbing out the paint. The victor is carried in triumph to the nearest brasserie,whence he sends a bottle of wine to wash the remaining Paint from the mouth of the vanquished. In half an hour everybody is at work again, save small groups of sympathizers,who are alding the duelists, at the sink, to remove their scars and stains of battle. There will be no further hostilities between those two so long as each preserves his memory. Im the Evening. The day over, its weariness is forgotten at dinner with kindred souls in front of Some restaurant on one of the boulevards, if the weather be warm, or perhaps at Thi. rion’s, on the Boulevard St. Germain. The students of the Latin quarier have known Thirio: for generations. Thackeray knew They serve a charming broiled op there and an elegant beef- steak or “chateaubriand,” and with the true ingtinet of a Briton Thackeray follow- ed up the scent. It is a shabby little place, with low, smoky ceilings and a moderately level floor, full of knolls and ridges, and on the nearly vertical walls there are a few indescribable old paintings, which were left by some student in the past who had the will but not the means to settle in the coin of the realm. There is nothing lovely at Thirion’s, but I would venture to offer any man who ever studied at Julian's or the Ecole des Beaux Arts his choice between a spread at Delmonico’s or a two-frane de- jeuner at the little old place on St. Ger- main. He would say, “Chez Thirion!” On the “Bo Miche.” But life in the Latin quarter does not really commence until after the sun is down and the long twilight is spent. Then the crowd begins to thicken on the Boule- verd St. Michel—the “Boul Miche” in the vernacular of the quarter—the cafes fill up and the tables outside on the sidewalk are occupied by throngs of students with their feminine friends and constant companions, the “etudiantes." For a Frenchman has no idea of amusing himself out of the pres- ence of the fair sex. That would be a bar- barism of which he has no conception of the possibility. So the only place where a student is unaccompanied by his girl is the school. If he spends the evening at a bil- Hard room she sits near by with a novel or @ bit of faney work while he plays. If he its all night in a brasserie at ecarte she es a hand as a matter of course. As a result there is a marked absence of the rowdyism which is chasactetintte of En- glish and American resorts, and intemper- ance among the French students is ex- tremely rare. They drink moderately ‘of th mf‘id German beer, but very little even o' that. They need no artificial stimul,, -* banish care; their gayety is not 7) aa gicobol. Only the Anglo-Saxon oe 14. stolid Zenten, seus Grink [0 <_aike intoxicated. For a Frenchman, al breathe the air of Se. (rat Is required is to ‘The “yal Bullter. 5 nights of the week the Bal Bulle” 43 going, and here will be found * any of the art students. Bullier fs the successor to the famous old Jardin Mabille of years ago. In one corner of the tm- mense hall is a vaudeville performance of mesiiocre quality, which lasts until 11 o'clock, and as soon as this is over the orchestra takes its r= in another part of the building, and the dancing begins. There are waltzes, polkas and quadrilies, in which any one may join who has a partner, and you can have a partner for the asking. There are 500 or 600 students in the hall On threo Bal Builier, sighing for a waltz, some of them young, a few preity, and nearly all fresh-looking and vivacious. Alternating with the ordinary Gances are special ones, in which only a few take part. Over in a corner a crowd begins to gather. It is worth while to join it or get a place on the low. balcony hear by, for you will see something char- acteristic. In the center of the circle of spectators are two etudiantes. As the music begins they gather up their skirts, tucking in the front and drawing the trail forward between thelr knees and making it fast beiow the waist, thus forming a very fair pair of breeches, permitting consider- able freedom of movement which would | otherwise have been hindered by the drap- ery. The dance begins, slow, graceful and rather stately at first, in most of the fig- ures, but combining enough of the char- acteristics of the ballet and can-can to re- Neve it of monetony, Yes, you can get closer if you choose without having your hat kicked off. Celestine has very correct ideas of propriety, and will not kick off your hat unless she knows you. The au- dience is appreciative, and each movement “: 1 of increasing brilliance and difficulty is greeted with ppplause, which encourages to higher endeavor. When Auguste Jot The music livens and htié‘ctowd grews more and more enthusiastic until, when Angelique turns a backward handspring with the grace and ease of a fairy, Auguste}: loses his head compietely gnd enters the ring with a series of cart wheels and winds up @ pas du diable. His back is turned to Celestine for an instant, and his tall hat goes sailing over the heads of the multitude. No matter, some one will, pick it snd he whirls and kicks and jigs’ with’ the two girls with the vim of a maniac. He ts a Janky student, with long hair, a Vandyke beard and a monocle, but-it-he is grotesque, | he does not know it, and if he knows it he does not care. He is a Frenchman, and he is having some fun; and a Frenchman has fun as he doves everything cise, whether it is dancing a galep or storming a breach— with his whole heart and soul. Suddenly the air is changed to a tarantelle. On the instant the crowd is insane. It breaks into a dozen whirling rings. Your hands are selzed, and you tind yourself whirling, too. You can’t dance? Then just jump and kick, and when you catch your “breath let out a yell. If you can resist you have no soul. The rings break and you are faintly con- scious of whirling some perfumed crea- ture with ribbons and flowers in the wildest waltz that ever entered your dreams. Just for an instant. The music ceases with a crash and you are yourself» again. Too late—she was gone before the room stopped wnirling before your eyes and you have enly a reminiscent odor of heliotrope. That was the finale. The musicians are packing up their instruments and the crowd ts moving tow2rd the doo The little atelier looks dingier * but as the student sits on the eige of his divan kicking off his shoes and sees the reminders of his work about him the taran- telle fades frm his recetiection. He wakes with only the driving impulse to work which makes the artist the most diligent. of morta! CHARL ‘S BRADFORD HUDSON. — WOMEN SUFFRAGISTS RIOT. Scenes at a School Election Under a New Law In Vineland, N. J. From the New York Herald, The first election of school trustees under the borough township consolidation ‘act,’ recently passed by the New Jersey legigla- ture, was held in Vineland, N. J., Friday. The women made a strong and bitter fight to exercise their alleged right of sufirage, but were defeated, and left Cosmopolitan Hall, the polling place, vowing vengeance against the tion willcery and the. potl- ticians responsible for thelr being denied this privilege. ‘The scenes at the polis. were disgraceful. Well-dressed women shouldered and pushed their way through the dense crowd and hurled abusive epithets. at Chairman Lord and the judges. The ballot box only es- caped smashing by thé quick wit of Capt. McDonald, who grabbed it In his arms and leaped upon the siage of the opera house, Policemen were assaulted and the riot was with difficulty quelled. The trouble was caused by a deliberate and organized effort of the women, aided by certain men, to vote in direct, viglation of the law. The following telegrain Was re- celved at noon by H. W. Wilbur, editor of a paper at Vineland and a prominent woran suffragist: “STATE HOUSE, TRENTON, Jely 27, 1894. “To W. H. Wilbur: The attorney generai 1s of opinion that women may vote at all schcol elections. ‘The constitution says: ‘The legislature shall provide for the main- tenance and support of a thorough and effi- clent system of free public schools.’ The legislature has the power to give women the right to vote, and in Its judgment that was necessary to carry {nto effect the change of constitution above quoted. (Signed) . B. POLAND, “State Superintendent,” One Woman Succeeded. Armed with this document and having engaged H. S. Alvord as counsel, the women determined to elect their own can- didates, among whom were Mrs. James Chance and Mrs. Agusa Briston. The poli- uclans were equally as determined that they should not. When the polling place was thrown open in the afternoon an im- mense crowd of mén, women and Children poured into the bullting and packed it to the doors. A temporary chairman was ap- pointed and the meeting called to order, or rather, an attempt at this was made. Rev.W. Gilbert was nominated by the suffra- gists and Charles P. Lord, mayor of Vine- land, was named by the “antis” for perma- nent chairman. At this point the tumult reached its height. The women, several hundred strong, lined up, and marching to the ballot box, endeavored to cast their ticket. Capt. McDonald, who was in charge of the polls, placed his hand over the slot and said that enly males would be allowed to vote. He was hissed and jeered. A colored woman named Crawford, who has great influence with the negro voters, managed to force her ballot into the box and then struggled out of the crowd amid the jeers of the officers. Charles Kughley, a manufacturer ap? owner of the Vineland water works, y=" + the crowd. Mrs. Kughley ran fg>" 8 in last year and was defeated. trustee tempted to reach the ballot* --ughley at- would smash it to could not vote, “If you do, I’ 1 J: 7" smash your head,” yelled Sent Gee wuner wills ot mercer eae vox, saying he pe ~es if the women ae McDonald took: the: box: upon c,e” ~e. Several women narrowly es- «ed serious injury in the crush, and one woman fainted. .Men cursed and struggled and seemed to have lost control-of them- selves. Policeman Raffer of East Vineland attempted to restore order and was assault- by young Percy Kughley, who struck him violently in the chest. With the as- sistance of Policemen Albe and Fowler the combatants were separated. and compata- tive order restored. Lord was elected chair- man and George Boynton and Amos Gom- bar tellers. After informing the assem- blage that no ballots would be received from women, Chairman Lord cpened the polls for the election of trustees. Alvord marshaled the women in line, and they again attempted to deposit their ballots, but the slips of paper were thrown un the floor, amid mingled laughter and hisses. To Make a Test Cane. The Indignant women called Mayor Lord “coward” and “brute” and various other terms. They have declared a boycott on George Boynton in his business because he would not take their ballots. “The dog catcher ts here!” screamed one. ‘woman. “T'll send him around,” retorted Chairman Lord, and the women subsided. ‘The crowd howled and the police weve or- dered to removs all disorderly persons. An effort was made to remove the women and allow the men to vote, but their counsel in- structed each woman to tender her ballot individually. As it was getting late and the polls were to- close at 7 o'clock, it looked like a plan to keep the men from voting, and the election officers, exasperated,’ re- solved to keep the pools open an additiona] half hour in order to give a large number of excursionists, who had gone to Wildwood, an opportunity to vote. ° The suffragists were overwhelmingly de, feated and the following board of educa- tion was elected by the antis: Orange H. Adams, Levit D. Johnson, Wiitam F. Glac- kin, Ernest A. Pierce, Elmer L. Boles, Frank Lore, William E. Bigelow, John D. Seigman and George W.. Lewis. Charies Kughley says they will contest the election and carry it to court, even {f the schools have to remain closed for months. Several rominent suffragists were: cleseted with wyer Alvord last evening,and report says they will bring suit against Landis town- ship. They propose'to make a test case of this election and decide the-question of wo- an suffrage once for all. +02 He Hnd Her There. From the Cincinnati Enquirer. “{ heard an urchin give’a bright ‘réply that made me think parents don’t frighten children with threats as much as they think they d said T. L.»@oebel at the Grand. “I was on a train, and across the aisle sat a Jady with aright but misclitev~ ous boy, about six years of age. The ur- chin could not be kept 4ulet for a moment. He ran up and down the afsle, asked ques- tions of the passengers,” playéd with his mother’s baggage, and otherwise kept. him- self very much in evidence. His mother could stand it ao Jonger, and said: ‘Charlie, if you don’t ke€p quiet will certainly throw you out of the window.” The boy locked at her steadily for a moment, then answered: “Oh, mamma, what a He!" ee Made It Go Too Far. From Truth, Borax—My wife makes’a lttle money go a long way these times.” Samjones—“So does mine, unfortunately. She's always subscribing for missions in Africa and Polynesia.” STRIKE ECHOES at. weed “roubles Viewed From an Official Standpoint. SOME WRONGS 10 WORKINGMEN tor—>—_——_—_ ‘Difference Between Old and New - Labor Organizations. HISTORY The Recent REPEATING ITSELF NE OF THE brightest men con- nected with the trac- ing department of the car service of one of the big roads ar- rived ‘in Washington a few days since and upon alighting from a train from the West was recognized and accosted by an Evening Star report- er. He had left Chi- r cago the day before sand had beed Im that city aucing the days of the great strike, or Pullman boydotn His work kept him in close touch with the railroad managers, and in a lengthy éon- Versation with the reporter on the subject of the strike he ‘told much that was in- teresting and demenstrated a keen of the recent labor troubles. He said: “Immediately on receipt of the news that the American Railroad Union was about to inaugurate a boycott against all roads using the Pullman cars I started for Chicago. It appeared to me that every indicatior peinted to a big strike, and 1 knew enough of Chicago and its people to tell me that trouble would surely tollow such: a move: You know in my business of tracing cars it 1s hard enough to kecp track’ of a car that fas strayed off on to other lines in peaceful times. When ca: > burned our work is sometiing in tne line of expert detective work. 1 arrived in time to know the location of every one of our cars in Chicago yards and after the great con- Magration had a comparatively easy. time. Ali I had to do was to jot down the cars burned, compute their cost ind pass ever the bili to my superior officer. Within the next six months Chicago and Couk“esanty will have the pleasure of paying for their litte fireworks. r One Good Thing Resulted. “One good thing connected with the strike that is not generally known 1s the fact that our car shops, which had previously been working on half time, are now on full time, and the workmen in these shops are blessing the mob’ for their work in Chicago. So you see it is the same old story of an ill wind blowing seme one something good. ‘The railroads s0sesprincipally through lost j the menrditto, and Chicago pays the mong the manty things that came under imy notice during ihe rioting was the shrewdness of thé American workman, It was a well-ktown fact that seven-éighths of the men engaged in the rio: ing were foreigners. Upsin the halls where meetin were held the American railroad hand was very much in’ evidence in the matter of Speech-making’ or’ urging, from the floor, the audience to sack Chicago. But when a determined movetient was made in which there was any likelihood of somebody. get- ting hurt, I frequently found this class of men squares away from the trouble. Don't imagine for oe minute that these men are not nervy, as ghe word goes, because they have all the grit necessary for such an undertaking, but it is ple shrewdness. When a mob ofraal Americans get started the military will not have as easy a time as hey did during-the past few weeks. It is history repeating itself; they did the same thing at Pittsburg in 1877. Their intellt- gence tells them they are in the wrong in the matter of destroying property, and they simply push forward the luckless foreigner to bear the brunt of the battl “As to the prime cause of the strike, think the men were in the wrong. I h: come up out of the ranks, and sympath! with the men, but from the inform-. -4e picked up out in Chicago I am ~ | -tton T lieve that three-fourths of ** sed to be- the raflroads went intg ** —_-we strikers on hearted way. Then. * se strike in a half- cott had been + _ after the strike or boy- solution of © _«eclared, the asking for a scunded~ -.e difficulty ‘through arbitration wer> very much as if the strike leaders ~~ groping in the dark. Mr. Pullman <ould not arbitrate then, because practically the matter had passed out of his hands. When Debs Took Up the Matter. “The original demand for an increase of wages was declined on the ground that there was no work to be done that would even return cost at advanced wages. Then the men left. The matter was taken up by Mr. Debs and the A. R. U., which resorted to violent meahs to coerce the railroad com- panies to compel Mr. Pullman to employ men at a loss. That is no more a question for arbitration than the demand for a gift pure and simple would be. The questions put to the arbitrators would have to be, ‘Has the Pullman company a right to its own property? If not, shall the American Railway Union decide what shall be done with that property?" The federal courts are the only tribunals in which these questions can be answered, and neither Mr. Pullman nor Mr. Debs can influence their deciston. “Then, again, everybody that I came in contact with through the west and south praised the attitude of the federal govern- ment during the disorders. The govern- ment proceeded with the greatest care and deliberation to ascertain the facts, the du- tles imposed by law, and the authority con- ferred to carry out those duties. Every step had been guarded In order that there should be no ground for Just complaint of either undue severity or of laxliy. The orders of the courts were first placed in the hands of marshals, and this body of men, while brave and feariess, were found wanting. They lacked the uniform of Uncle Sam and the respect that goes with it, “Tt was a mighty lucky thing for all cen- cerned, and the country in particular, thet the demonstration at Chicago was nipped in the bud. The workingmen -were ripe for just such a demonstration, and it had to come, but its spread to all parts of the country would have caused untold havoc and misery. The federal government, in using its power to put down such a con- spiracy, rendered the very service for which all tse rot is founded. Its ac- tion was but self-protection to the people. ‘It was partictlarly well that not only were the legal and ‘thilftary forces of the govern- ment used to! down the pending trou- ble, but that’ the men who really plotted and executed" the violation of the law wilt be given & ie to clear thelr skirts and justice be dedjt dut to them 48 well as to the people of the whole country, who they have wronged ani defied. . Injary.to, Organized inbor. “After a cabefi survey of the situation I cannot concelye a greater injury ‘Could be inflicted ppp the cause of organized labor than bg.putting {ts forces on the wrong tack in any contest, and éspetially arraying ther dgainst law and order. 1. have no doubt that by far the greater num- ber of the men engaged in the late strike have a sense of justice and fairness, and desire to have 'théir Interests promoted and protected by lawful and legitimate. meth- ods. They no doubt, mean to be peaceable and law-abiding and loyally devoted to tha government, which 1s established for thé benefit of the people and Js depentient upon them for support. But their organizations are governed by a handful of men, who, if they err tn judgment and discretion, have to bear the brunt of the damage re- sulting from these errors. “The A. R. U. is a new organization and from my insight into the wisdom and shrewdness of the eastern railroad men ft will make very little progress in this sec- tion with its ‘western dash and reciless- ness. President Debs claims that he did not order the recent strike and boycott at Chicago, but that they were ordered by the various local unions, but he knows th: they were tnstigated and produced by him. It was he that determined the stand to be taken by the A. R. U., presented the case of the Pullman strikers, suggested the boy- ‘cot: and stirred up the Other leaders to omer strikes. The whole business was the 19 Work of a few leaders and managers obey- ing orders issued by the president of the A. R. U. The matter was presented in such @ way that they had no other alter- native but to act together or cause the dis- ruption of their organization. In conversa- tion with many of the members of this young organization I gleaned the fact that they recognized the fight as a hopeless ‘one from the start, but that once they had committed themselves it became a battle for life or death of the union they were trying to bulld up. We ses now that they have lost and all the prestige gained in the Great Northern strike has been wiped out. Shrewd: of Older Leaders. — “Like a ray of sunshine through a bank of heavy black clouds stands out the ac- tion of the older and more conservative labor organizations in the recent troubles in Chicago. I have met President Gompers, Arthur and Sargent frequently, and I held my breath while they were being charmed by the eloquence of Mr. Debs. These gen- tlemen are as full of wisdom and shrewd- ness as an egg is of meat, and I knew if they finally determined to join in the strug- gle the battles of 1877 would be mere skir- mishes in comparison. “But these leaders easily picked out the flaws in the claims of the A. R. U. and quickly decided that in case the struggle of the laboring men proved successful they might as well shut up chop, as the latter organization would naturally reap all the credit of the undertaking. The Brother- hood .of Railroad Engineers, the Brother hood of Firemen, the American F** eration of Labor, the Brotherhoe% of ‘Trainmen and the Order of Railway Conductors look- ed upon’ the Debs organization as an up- start, managed with wild disregard of rea- son ana prudence, and, if left alone, des- tined shortly to smash itself to pieces. Chief Arthur plainly showed that the En- gincers’ Brotherhood had no sympathy with the movement, but regarded it as unjusti- fied and ruinous. Grand Master Wilkinson or the trainmen took practically the same view of tne matter. He told me that he considered contracts maae PY bis organiza- binding in every way and thet when time came that they ignored their db- ligations and good name they would have to do it under a different leader. Weakness of the K. of L. “The one organization that made a great bluff of showing great strength, but really displayed astonishing weakness, was the Knights ef Labor, and once wis- dom of a great leader was missing. Mr. Powderly is but human end could hardly have refrained from permitting a sarcastic smile to fit acress his face when he con- templated the embarrassing pesition his suc- of had gotten into. Only a few years this organization had ‘attained suc! numbers and power as to constitute a dan- ger sufliciently serious as to make the pesst- mists despair of the country’s stabilhy and to cause alarm even to calmer und more conservative observers, but the sympathetic strike demonstrated that it has dwindled to comparatively small proportions. The Knights*and the A. R. U. are in the same class as to methods of action, and in time wil “dwindl> into insignificance. Using the. strike and the boycott as the chief weapons for ‘the accomplishment of their ends, they must necesserily inflict frequent and severe losses ‘upon their inembers by compelling them to go on strike and lose their wages, to contribute from their slender savings to the support of other strikers, or to pay more for the necessaries of life through the in- crease of prices resulting from labor dis- turbances. It takes years sometimes for the workingmen to find out that strikes are a losing game and that organizations Mke those controlled by Debs and Sovereign are beneficial chiefly to those who control the reins that govern tcem. When chey finally recognize this fact they forsake the organi- zations, and as a result they cease to be a factor in the werking world. “Phose organizations that have stood the test and demonstrated their eificiency are the ones the workingmen generally cling to. Of these bodies the locomotive engineers, the conductors and firemen are good exam- ples. They have legitimate objects, they are managed with sume regard for business methods, with a sense of responsibility to the public and with a decent respect for law and order. That labor unions of this kind exist and flourish is a distinct benefit to the country. They are of good example, more- ever, to the geferal mass of workingmen and permit them to demonstrate to. un- scrupulous employers that the public at large is with them when in the right and that this public cannot be ignored or out- raged. Mr. Debs, by this time, fully compre- hends the force of this opinion and will, ng doubt, in the future endeavor to cater te * Parallel ‘te the Trouble of +” oe “One of the most curious *** -977+ nection with this year ~ings in con- the fact that ther ~ labor troubles ts grooves, with ~ Tun in almost parallel ii the labor troubles of 1877. yike sept tab on strikes for the past vaty years, and was an old hand in the railroad business when the great strikes of 1877 were inaugurated. The strikes that year came four years after the collapse in 1873 and immediately after the great an- thracite coal strike. The strikes this year come four years after the great Barng failure in London in 1890 and succeeded the bituminous coal strike. The railroad strikes of 1877 came the year after the great centennial ‘exposition, which had stimulated labor all over the country and gave the railroads their biggest year of earnings. Then followed a year of depression and of reduction in the railroad force and of wages. The strike in Chicago was inaugurated under very similar tircum- stances, the year after the expenditure of nearly thirty million dollars had drawn to Chicago an enormous mass of labor, which was left in idleness after its close, while the railroads centering in the great western city are having a poor year suc- ceeding @ good one, though, as in 1876, the receipts of 1893 by no means equal the year previous, though better than this year. “If you remember rightly, the general business: of the country in 1877 had shrunk, idle money was piled up in the banks, the great strike was sprung on the country when there was not work enough to go around and rioting destroyed confi- dence atethe very time when confidence abroad and the utmost forbearance between. capital and labor was needed if prosperity was to be resumed. “The curious thing about this parallel, which runs close enough to meke ft in- structive and startling, is that the strikes of 1877 left the trade of the country fiat on its back, and prices which were con- sidered exceedingly low in 1877 fell still lower In 1878. In short, the great railroad strikes of 1877, in the month of July, which, as now, came four years after the previous pane, a year after a great exposition and under closely similar circumstances as to prices and credits, failures and general business were succeeded by dreary months of dull apathy, of a strain to credit which in 1878 broke more firms than ever before In our history. Let hope the parallel will stop with this month's labor troubles, and the line of 1894 branch off toward renewed activity in the manufacturing and com- mercial, worlds and the fall months prove to be the dawn of a long period of prosper- ity.” . s@e—-----_- She Was Equal to Him. Fici the New York Sun. Then a Georgian spoke up. “We can do pretty, well down our way. One night Henry Grady was at a reception in At- lanta. As he was about to leave his hostess—I won't give her name—sald: ‘Now, Mr. Grady, don’t say what every- ly else has said. I'm wearted to ex- finctHen of hearing ‘such a charming even- Ing. I've had such a lovely time.’ Now, do, Mr. Grady, say something refreshing, inal. ne “Madam,” he bowed, T've had a —- of a time.’ ‘G glad to hear It," she said, not to be outdone. - see. - A Sliding Seale. From the Indianapolis Journal. Stranger—“What price do you set on that red cow of yours?” Mr. Hatcede—“See here, mister, alr you an assessor, or has she been run over by the railroad?” Boy—"Get a pail of water an‘ o . the citcking house ts afire an’ the hens js so excited with the heat that every one of vem is @ lyin’ fried eggs!” qui "| egates. CREATURE COMFORTS Which the Senators Enjoy at Uncle Sam’s Expense. IN SUMMER APOLLINARIS LEMONADE Si ee And a Number of Luxuries Ail the | Year Around. wee THE ASCETIC HOUSE ‘a iellpcilanniee Written for The Evening Star. HIS 18 THE SKA- son when apollinaris Jemonade flows like in the cloak It is on tap all day Jong on great punch bowls, furnishea at the expense of the nation. To supply members of the upper house with that bev- erage will cost Uncie Sam something like g $09 = this summer. They drink up about forty cases of apollinaris quarts, with which will be min- sled the juice of thirty-five boxes of lemors, the mixture being seasoned with 1,200 pounds of granulated sugar. Precisely why the nation should be obliged to furnish this drink to Senators every summer in unlim- will ited quantities nobody can say. In the cloak rooms of the House of Representa- tives: apollintris lemonade is frequently brewed at this warm season, but it is paid | for by met materials. 1t is somewhat startling to learn from the latest report of the secretary of the Senate that the members of this august body con- sume—at the Capitol, mind you, and not at home—twenty-three gallons of the finest cologne ina single iwelvemonth. In addi- tion to this quantity purchased in bulk, several dozen bottles of scented waters ap- pear in the Memized account. The allow- ance seems to be about a quart and a pint per annum for each Senator. One ought surely to be able to distinguish a Senator anywhere by his agreeable smell. Some of this cologne is used in the Senate bath rooms, which are on a scale of magnificence that would not have been despised by the high vers of ancient Rome. The tubs are carved out of single blocks of marble ten feet long, so that one can Me submerged at length in'them: Attendants skilled in ma: sage are in waiting, and there are hot rooms and all appliances for Turkish and Russian baths. All of these arrangements for sum- mer comfort are free of charge to Senators. They can get electric baths in the Senate barber shop, where there is an apparatus for shutting a legislator up in a box, from which only his head protrudes, and cooking him with steam while a current from a bat- tery passes through his person. Requisites of the Toilet. More cologne is used in the barber shop, | where the tonsorial artists charge nothing for their services, being paid by the na- tion. Bottles of scented waters are com- monly to be found in the committee room: where they are agreeable for the roller, Bay rum also ts freely dispensed. F*-1,. i teen gallons of bay rum were cor- med by the Senate during the le: “eo hol nineteen galicps ~_ hav- wel bers who “ p in” to buy the , req aden » been for lamps, but it is longs we" -« the aceount that several gal- oe -re purchased for the barber shop— uotless to rub Senators with. It may be that alcohol stimulates eloquence when ap- plicd externally, Members of the upper house have taken it internally for that purpose. These things are paid for out of the contingent fund. Other items in the | same category are three dozen bottles of pond lly wash, two bottles of cuticura olntment, five bottles of brilliantine for senatorial muStaches, four ounces of berga- mot oll, one ounce of ofl of rose, three bot- tles of yucca balsam, three bottles of her- banium, ten pounds of vaseline, toilet soaps of the most costly kinds by the gross, six and one-half gallohs of castor oll. It is to be Loped that all of this castor ofl was not used medicinally. Extra fine sponges are furaished by the bale. Mention is made of thirty dozen boxes of blacking and sixteen dozen blacking brushes and daubers. That would allow about five boxes of blacking and three brushes for each Senator per annum. Senators suffer from physical weaknesses like ordinary folks. Occasionally they have stomach aches, and on this account several bottles of Jamaica ginger are mentioned as pala for out of the contingent fund. Over-indulgence in apollinaris lemonade sometimes brings about an enlargement of the head the next morning after a warm night session, and so bromo-caffeine is on the lst. Other items refer to purchases of cafebrum powders and quinine wafers. But the favorite senatorial medicine is the qui- nine pill. Forty-four hundred quinine pills matic gallery, having practically nothing to do. Upper House Liberality. The House really makes itself uncomfort- able by small economies, while the Senate throws money around broadcast. All em ployes of the upper house get an extra month’s pay nearly every session. Nobod has ever explained why. This largesse has beén made to include the whole of the Cap {tol police, numbering twenty-seven police men and watchmen. The watchmen @ per @Paum und the policemen at $1,100, b: the way, do exactly the same work. Whil such important House committees as thos mentioned pave no servants, the captair of the Capltol pollee has an agsistant a $1,100 to make out, his reports. There ar a great many anomalics in the natione legislative affairs of which those referre: to afford only a bare suggestion. ‘The committee room sideboard as a dis pensary of liquid refreshments mey be rv garded.as a thing of the past. Ten year ago nearly every committee room th Senate endof the Capitol had its provisio of liquors, which were purchased by th chairman or by a member Who had a repute tion a8 a connoisseur. Some committees were known for the particularly excellent ry > or bourbon or brandy which they kept o» hand. These committee room sideboard were furnished to some extent by distillers who had personal friends in the committee meryue; or perfies ney semen we eereny the favor of Senators, inasmuch as the was to telling when they might want tt bonded period extended or some other favor able legislative actic In those days it part of the duty «! a messenger to know how to compour mixed drinks, Senator Thurman had a me to whom he had cnly to say “Make me a! other of those things” and an ideal cockta Was at once submitted. But in the cour ¢ time it came about that a good mar enators gave up buying liquors for ther selves, preferring to depend upon those fu nished in the co: tee rooms. That pla aper for them and more satisfactor way from their point of view. Bi mbers who did the dis tired of supplying whole o house with stimulants, and at le & it up. S the private demijoh. has taken the place of the sideboard. Stanford gud His Wines. There never was another nator sponged upon as was Leland Stanford. B was the most generous of men, and he usc to import whole car loads of wines an oranges from California for distributio: among bis triends. Me wae pariiculari proud of the wines produced by his ow. Vineyards, and he would send quarts the cases « to Senators who said that they like . _A fellow legislator would say: “B. Jove, Stanford, that, wing yeu gave me i the finest ever ‘tasted! Where can 1 bu) some of it?” “You can’t buy it here,” Stanford woulé say. “That was a epecial brand from cer tain very choice grapes of my own. But } will send you around ancther case with my compliments.” That was what-the applichtt was after, of course, and with a little tact the scheme anight be worked agatn and again. The Sen ate pages had reagan to be gopry when Sian- ford died, ‘He sed to give b gold piece to cach of them every Christmas. If more dig- nity attaches to a Senator than to a Iepre- sentative the Senate page considers himself proportionately superior to the House page. Pages of the Senate get $2.50 a day, and the places are much sought. Senator Gorman Was once @ page of, the Senate. Old Capt. Bassett, doorkeeper of the house, was Appointed a page by Daniel Webster Decem- ber 4, 1831. This is his sixty-third year of service, Capt. Bassett has charge of the senatorial sruff box. He eits by the side of the Ve President's desk. Below “a> ‘haan Senators use it. of ancient custom, snuff-taking dav the Senate + a5~ ried ay. rg low he the fry) =a *o) “ang down from the The last snuff taker in rman, who always car- idanna handkerchiefs—one to nose and the other to administer polish, RENE BACHE. “ —-—-ee - THIEVES IN BOOK STORES, Extensive Depredations of Crocke a Literary Bias. ww York Erontng Post. It may be surprising to the general reader to be told that the operations of book thieves are so extensive that from five to ten cents must be added. to the price of every book sold from the stands in order to make for these depredations. All sellers of books in cities suffer in this way, but, of course, the more exposed stands are a better field for the thieves’ operations than the more orderly uptown stores. If “juventies” a left without careful watching on a sand the boys will make away with 30 per cen! of them. The older thief is rarely past middle aga His appearance is usually of the order de scribed as “shabby genteel.” He often has the scholastic air that we would expect in the charity student. Very frequently when be comes in he “wants nothing in partic- ular; just 40 Jook around.” If followed up and questioned, he will say that he is try: ing to find some rare books, apd quickly de- parts for other fields. These are a few only of the most dangerous class of depredat« men who are “up” in first editions and ilar pretiosa. One of this so! if un tected,, will weed 0) mm yaluable books on a counter Ti@n incredibly short time. Look out for the customer who ts very wise about rare but seldom or never buys one, is a rule of the trade. Or- dinarily, however, the standard books are taken, that are worth fifty cents or cne dollar almost anywhere. were bought in the last year for keeping malaria away from Senators. They are furnished by the hundred to the committee recms. Now, why should the Senate use twice as much ice as is consumed by the House? Nobody can say, but It is a fact. In summer 100,000 pounds of ice per month are consumed in the north wing of the Capitol, while only 50,000 pounds are used in the south wing. ‘The Senate in winter uses 50,000 pounds a month and the House about half that quantity. Senators, you see, do not grudge themselves luxuries; leg- {slators at that end of the Capitol do not feel obliged to economize for the sake of producing a good impression on their con- stituents. Twenty-four dozen of the best palm-leaf fans were bought last year for the use of the Senate. This allows about four faris for each Senator, who may keep himseif cool by agitating two of them with his toes, while he holds one in each a. The House and the Senate. Few Senators draw anywhere near the quantity of stationery that 1s allowed them. The allowance is $125 per annum, and they take usually about $50 of the amount in cash. Some things they get from the sta- tlonery room at cost price, which are not for thelr own use, presumably. Jt is hardly to be supposed that they could have had personal need of the fifty-two dozen pocket books which were bought last year as part of the supplies. The same remark applies to seventeen dozen card cases. Such arti- cles make suitable Christmas gifts. The House gets comparatively little in the way of perquisites. Members pay for their own shaves and hair cuts. They may have baths free, with soap, towels and attend- ance. If a Representative dies his funera! is paid for by the nation, lke that of a Senator. The expense is usually about $550 for the undertaker’s bill and as mueh more for transportation of the committee ap- pointed to escort the body to the place of burial, with hotel bills, &e. A special par- lor car is hired, of course. If the corpse is transported In the bagsaxe car of the train a regular ticket must be bought for it. Silk sashes and gloves for the commii- tee cost about S50. As might be fraagined, the House does not approve of the Senate's extravagant way of living. It cuts out item after item of ‘the sort referred to from (he appropriation bills, but the Senate puts them back again, ‘The House always yields in the end on these points for the sake of getting ti bills through. Some of the messengers the House used to get £1,440 a yen they were cut down (o $1,200 ¢ would not agree to a like reduction on { side. The Senate said: “You ¥ lowe the pay of your own employes, we pre- fer to give Mberal wag All of the Senate messengers get $1,440. Some cf those on the House side receive $720, thourh all of them do exactly the same work There are 88 employes to wait on cighty- eight Sena Tn the House wing th are 200 ciaployes f members and de!- Oa the Senate side every important tee has a clerk and a messenger les, who does nothing but attend to the committee room and keep it in order. ‘The committees on ways and means and appropriations are the only two House com- mittces that have regular messenger: Such Important House committees as th on military affairs and navy affairs h no servants, In the Senate wing the mes- sengers tumbl> over each other. Two are employed to sit at the door of the diplo- Frequently book thicyes work tn pers. One engages the dealer In Uterary discus- sion, While the other rifies.the stock. Some carry a small carpet-sack, with a catch that will never stay fastened.,In winter the professional book thief wears a talma with voluminous foils er an ukter with many pockets. This is donned early in the fall and worn very"late in the spring. : eatin) Written for The Evening Star. “A Beene. Te a.nook a Uitle brook Forms a pool. Hire is seen moss as green As Erin's jewel. Trees so high rear to the eky Jn search of light. “) Thietr branches greep reflect the sheen ‘To the sight. Catbinds’ calis from leaty walle Sounds so clear. On a log a crovking frog His mace woujd hear, A golden stream, a bright sunbeam Cuts the alr. ‘Thro’ leafy screen, the shaft so keen Winds entrance rare. ©. RICHARD WILLIAMS Oe Makes a Sig Difference. From the New York Weekly. Mr. Timmidd—“How would a girl fee! tf she recefved a proposal by letter?” Friéhd—“If she didn't care for you she’ insulted.” —well—er—suppose she did care ign mek. “She'd say ‘yes’ by telegraph.” ee Tender Sentiment. From Treth. " Deluded Little le (to his mother)— “Mamma, dear, won't fou please cut off a lock of gaps hair;for me? I want it bad- iy” Sympathetié “ Mother"Certainly, dear.” (Torming to her husband.) “Did you hear that, John? “Who would have given a chil@ like’ thatcredit. (gy go much tender sentle went LatleAWiliie, (explaining)—“You see, ma, my rocking horse lost its tail, and I just waned '+S1quiek gyrtain.) Ss “Joining tt Pricnd.” From Life.