Evening Star Newspaper, July 19, 1894, Page 9

PATRIOTIC WORK Features of the Constitution of the New Hawaiian Republic. NONINTERFERENCE OF UNCLE SAM The British Minister's Sympathy With the Royalists’ Cause. LABORS OF THE CONVENTION - Special Correspondence of The Evening Star. HONOLULU, June 23, 1894. ‘On the Ith we received the text of the resolution concerning Hawall passed by the United States Senate on May 31. Min- ister Wiilis promptly communicated to the provisional government a copy of the same. This was accompanied by a letter from Sectetary Gresham, closing with the state- ment that “this declaration that the people of the islands have the right to establish and maintain such institutions as they think best adapted to their wants Is en- tirely satisfactory to the President.” This resolution supplies the official declaration Of non-interference by the United States which we have long waited for. It has Struck consternation into the hearts of the foyalists. They can no longer cherish the €xpectation, which has hitherto .buoyed them up, that President Cleveland would on carry out his purpose of last year to Testore the deposed queen. The supporters of the gcvernment Lave for six months past felt no doubt of the attitude of Congress on this subject, or that the views of Congress and the American people would prevail; it is nevertheless a great comfort and support td have at length this positive declaration from the Senate indorsed by the President. This official notice from the Department of State supplies something positive to show to the natives in proof of the utter tee ryan of the expected ald of which the royalists have boasted. A report was erally prevalent ——- them on the 16th that orders would arzive on the mor- w to restore the queen, and that Admiral ‘alker would execute those erders on inday, the 17th. It will hardly be possi- ble hereafter for any portion of the com- tunity to become egitated by such rumors, they have constantly been for more ® year past. The natives wil! grad- ly take in the settled attitude of the United States toward the islands, and will in time come to understand how hopeless is the cause of morarchy. There has been & little blustering the redoubtable Bob Ww x and others that as soon as the fact Was ascertained that the United States government would not carry out the prom- ised restoration the royalists would delay mo longer in patient waiting, as they have done, They would tmmediately take the business into thel> own hands and help selves. They would rise in their ight and sweep into the sea the usurping verrment of the “missionaries.” Boasts this sort will not materialize. The mass tye 40,000 natives and half-whites may more or less in favor of the overthrown tite tMonarehy, but-they have no serious grievarce to stir them up. They enjoy julet and prosperity. Pol, their chief ne- never was cheaper. Even if they ing grievances, the natives have no stomach for fighting white men. It would be tmpessible to rally any number of them to face th> rifles of the organized battalion of the government. A Blastering Organ. Just now the Holomna, the very disreput- able organ of the queen, is violently abus- ing both Minister Willis and Admiral Wall er, a3 well as President Cleveland. It vitu- perates the admiral for consorting with the “missionaries” instead of with the royalist leaders, as Col. Blount used to do. All his representations to the President have been in favor of the cause of the provisional gov- érnment as being that of order and civiliza- tion. Minister Willis has conducted himself in like manner. All this ts extremely dis- couraging to these anti-missionary sup- porters of semi-heathen government. The Impression is current among the royalists that in case of any uprising on their part, the American forces would be landed to suppress them. For the first time in seven months the United States forces were land- ed for shore drill on the 19th. Such land- ings were su at the request of the jovernment at that time, since they excited the populace with the idea that restoration Was intended. A special street riot drill Was executed on Tuesday in formidable style, showing the royalists what they might have to meet. These shore drills will hereafter take place weekly. The constitutional convention,which open- ef its sessions on May 30, has completed the third week of its deliberations. The draft of the new republican constitution | seni by the executive was placed in the nds of the members on June 2. Since then the convention has labored industri- cusly In amendment and revision of the Graft. The last article was reached a week ago upon the first reading. The past week has been ocupied in considering a number of important articles which had been re- ferred to committees. The first reading is Row completed. and the revised draft has gone to the printer. The views of the members have mainly erystalized, and the shape which the lead- ing features of the constitution will take has become tolerably clear. Those views coincide in the main with those of the ex- eéutive, and there will be no radical changes the constitution as proposed. It is found hat the great majority of the delegates are Conservative in their sentiments, and sup- Port the defensive provisions offered by the — even more steadily than do the embers of the advisory council. There is Ho doubt that the constitution will be Passed @ large majority of the votes of the lected members of the convention. The lve nat delegates stand solid for all the onservative provisions. None are more deeply sensible than they of the necessity that the xovernment chould be solidly en- trenched against capture by demagogues Yorking through an ignorant and sem!- eathen populace. The New Constitution. The constitution ts strictly republican, with government by the people. The State fe termed “The Republic of Hawail.” There is a president, a cabinet of four ministers, & council of state, with small powers, and a legislature of two houses, senate and rep- Epantatives. The representatives are to elected by voters with good knowledge of English, or of Hawalian only 1f of native There is no property qualification. a the suffrage for senators there is a de- rture from strict democratic principles, 4nd a defensive provision is made by re. Stricting the suffrage to voters laving of annual Income, or else efther $1,500 Teal estate or $3,000 of personal prop- y. Ordinary mechanics and skilled forkers would come within this alification. The original draft placed the come at $80, and a strenuous effort was Made to keep tt at $75). A large majority, however, including two of the executive uncil, felt that $40) could be made a safe nit. z has been the qualification of ters for nobles under the constitution of In that ¢ase tt friled to secure Intel- Ngent voting, in consequence of large num- bers of voters falsely claiming the required igcoma, and being red accordingly. Zhe new constitution contains very full pro- Msions for A rigid y into all such voters, special boards of regis ‘The cohvention ware satisfied that ld suffictently exclude the danger- f voters. senate, elected by the i la easily foregoing T share t house in some important points. president is to be elected by joint kajiot of the two hou: ch containing fifteen members, Must have also a majority Ig case of falluge % elact, the retiring pre: ent holds 4¢3%, His term is six years; h: Bnnot sur Rimself. The cabinet be Confirmed a insure the ef the new republic under the control of the present rulers. The first election is a special one to be held about September in place of the one for members of the legislature, which, under the monarchy, would have been held last February. The voters at this coming spe- cial election are to be only those who regis- tered for the election of May 2, and who are all supporters of the provisional govern- ment. The senators then chosen will hold office for six years. It has been settled that President Dole shall be named in the constitution as the first president of the republic, holding office for six years. Qu‘te another branch of the subject is that of strict provisions for the naturaliz- ing of aliens, who constitute fully one-half of our population. Before stating these Provisions, it should be said that a broad exception is made in giving full suffrage for representatives to a certain class of aliens, to wit: All those who have rendered support and aid to the provisional govern- ment. Among many others, there were several hundred Portuguese who were hearty supporters. All such persons, certified to by the minister of the interior, are to have votes, although not raturalized, and most of the Portuguese are quite illiterate. In order to vote for senators, however, they must possess the required amount of in- come or property. Many hundreds of these aliens had undertaken to imperil their lives in the cause of the revolution, and hence it is impossible to exclude them from the suffrage, although not naturalized. With this exception non-naturalized aliens cannot vote; nor can they be natur- alized unless well acquainted with English, nor unless they are citizens of countries with which Hawaii has specific treaties re- Specting mutual naturalization. This gov- ernment will doubtless hasten to effect the needed treaty stipulations: with America, Ergland and other European states. With China and Japan there will very probably be more delay, even if those, empires would at all corsent to such treaties. It will prebably be some time before any subjects of those empires can be naturalized or vote in Hawaii. Thus the troublesome ques- tions respecting admitting Astatics to citi- zevship in Hawali are postponed somewhat indefinitely. It should be said that there is no specific reference in the constitution to Chinese, Japanese or any other race among the inhabitants of Hawail. Thus no cause is given to Japan to complain of any in- vidious distinction being made. Theories vs. Cond! ‘There are in the convention a number of the members who very reluctantly sacrifice anything that belongs to government by all the people. All, however, have too clearly before them the patent facts of the inca- pacity of large numbers of the inhabitants to participate usefully in voting, so that they surrender their theories to the actual conditions and consent to the necessary limitations and safeguards. A better day no doubt will gradually advance, when oy added intelligence and by the influx of a civilized Population the restrictions now created may safely be relaxed. The boom for woman's suffrage has been felt nere, and the ladies of Honolulu have been stirring up the convention upon the subject of granting such suffrage, or at least of leaving the subject open for legisla- tive action. In Hawail there is a numerical preponderance of women of degraded char- acter. It would be difficult to apply re- stricted suffrage to such persons. The con- vention voted down a a patixeus on the 21st by a majority of 22 to As "compared with former legislative bodies in this country, there is.a marked absence of a low-toned class of members, both natives and foreigners, who materially reduce the average of ability and char- acter in those assemblies. The members of the present body are all gentlemen of recog- nized character and leadership. The «s- sembly is a dignified .one...and its discus- sions are conducted with decorum. A sin- cerity and earnestness..of tone prevail. There is a total absence of those manifes- tations of intriguing and factious purpose which are usually prominent in legislative bodies. The members ure evidently” seek- ing with earnestness and honesty what ts best for the country, and are conscious of the gravity of the work which they are engaged upon. There is a very fair repre- sentation of legal ability among them, led by Messrs. Dole and Hatch. Hartwell and Thurston have constantly contributed legal advice from omtside. The British Minister's Request. Our royalist British friends are just now laboring under a severe sense of insulted honor. This miserable pretense of a gov- ernment (as they would put it) has had the inmsolence to refuse to Britons the privilege allowed to Americans. On the 20th the British minister, Wodehouse, that the U. S. naval forces were freedom of the town for shore drill, visited the minister of foreign affairs and asked the same privilege for the men of H. B. M. 8. Champion. He was asked to put his re- quest in writing, and did so. On the after- noon of the 23d Mr. Hatch replied, declining Mr. Wodehouse’s request. The correspond- ence has not been made public, azd the reasons assigned for the refusal are not precisely known. The situation, however, may be given as follows: Minister Wode- house is a pronounced and conspicuous partisan of the deposed queen. He is the center of the British royalist party, which is a strong and active one. At the recent opening of the convention, Mr. Wodehouse refused to attend, unlike the American and Japanese officials. He alleged a desire to be neutral, thus recognizing the queen as a claimant of equal consequence with the provisional government. In many ways he manifests his support of the queen. The officers of the Champion are with their minister in this, and the men of the ship are violent in their royalist partisanship. Under these circumstances it would be simply dangerous to permit these ardent sympathizers with our public enemy to con- duct public drill in our squares and streets. ‘There would be the strongest incitement for that large portion of the native populace who adhere to the queen to gather around this organized body of British sympathizers, in a spirit of disorder, hoping for some in- terposition from them, aad openly applaud- ing them and stirring up excitement. Ordl- nary prudence dictated such a refusal as was given. Mr. Wodehouse is himself @ fine old En- glishman. His wife is a strong-natured, rather demonstrative lady. In the strife of the last legislature she frequently attended, and once got up in a chair and applauded on an occasion when the queen's partisans carried a point. Their oldest ‘son is mar- ried to a half sister of the queen's niece and heir, Kauilani, an older daughter of Mr. Cleghorn by a former concubine. This younger Mrs. Wodehouse is, however, re- ceived into good society in consideration of her connection with royalty. A restora- tion of the monarchy, especially in the person of Katulani, would make a material difference with Mintster Wode- house. He occupies a cottage on the Ha- walian Hotel grounds, which is in the im- mediate vicinity of Washington Place, the queen's residence, and Mr. Wodchouse is in daily intercourse with her ex-majesty, and is a common medium for tniroducing English visitors from the Sydney steamers, often titled persons, who dciight to show their great regard for our fet!an 1oyz! Mr. Wodehouse is frequeatly carrying complaints to the government and making vexatious or troublesome demands of them. Altogether his attitude has been exceed- ingly annoying. It ts even mewacing, as showing a pronounced sympethy with the enemy. How fat ho represents the dispo- sition of the British ‘eramaen| re qveen resiored, a a4 institu- tons im Hewatl redsc ingo subjection to these which are British. At the same time they probably do not iaiend to rake any @ government of the nfag its influence h have reason to believe that Ad- miral Walker and Minister Willis are fully alive to the necessity of vigilance in this matter. Indeed, there 4s good reason for thinking that our government is acting ta concert with them. The Amended Draft. The convention have suspended thelr sit- tings these two days, waiting for the printer. They will have the amended draft of the constitution in their hands on Mon- day, June 25. It ts hoped to push the sec- ond reading through in the course of the week, end to accomplish the final passage of the instrament by July 2 at the farthest. x the plan hs ly entertained of mak- of the 1 glerio he Fourth aa will ec ny previous celebration of ort in this city. It ts believed that Walker will Ris best aid to of occasion. ‘Th had a tryin, travail is . We will hope that north Pacifle will be ring the . America! MAMIHAME! ry i STORY OF PULLMAN skilled mechanics an average of 25 THE EVENING STAR, THURSDAY, JULY 19, 1894-TWELVE PAGES. Tnside Facts of the Strike Brought to Light. WHY THE MEN DECIDED 10 G0 OUT Non-Reduction of Rent the Great Grievance. ee roa WHAT A MAN CAN Poa dearer EARN The story of Pullman has often been told, says a correspondent of the Boston Trav- eler. The independent life and character of the town; the courageous scheme that was developed in its building; the beauly of architecture displayed; the symmetry of Purpose and design evolved in the con- struction of its vast shops; the paving and gardening of its generous acres; the ar- rangement of its many homes for working- men; its stores, libraries, churches and schools; in fine, the ideality of a self-sup- porting community, providing every want of civilization—all this has been described in numerous articles by the magazine theo- rists. But today these happy pictures of an in- dustrial Arcadia seem but grim cartoons. The real Pullman is the saddest place in America. The shops aressilent, the stores are deserted, the population is organized into a mob of malcontents and the once peaceful grounds are invaded by a regiment of soldiers, Such a dismal ending of a great plan Proves that there are some things about Pullman which have not been told. The present strike is bringing out some start- ling facts, but even these have been so dis- torted and inaccurate that the public mind has been unable to grasp the real issue in- volved. ‘The secret cause which led to the Pullman boycott hes never been printed. To be sure, the grievances were many, and some of them have been correctly reviewed, but the chief complaint of the employes has never been comprehensively presented. The pretended “scale of wages” at Pull- man has been a mere formality for five years. It has made no difference two the employes what the schedule was. The re- ductions have been accompanied by means of a cut in the prices patd for piece work, and the rate of pay per hour has had little or nothing to do with the matter. This rate of pay was originally based upon day work, and day work was practically abandoned by the Pullman Company years ago. Causes of the Strike. The real cause of the strike may be clearly stated as follows: In 1898, the Pullman Company wes paying iis ‘ents per hour for piece work. In other words; tt was so gauging the prices allowed for the, differ- ent pleces of work turned over to such em- ployes that they were able te make wbout 25 cents an hour, or $2.50 a gay. Some of them, indeed, could work Sv’ rapiily’ that they succeeded in earning from 32 1-2 to 35 cents an hour, or from $3.25 to $1.80 a day. For example: When the company hada piece of inside finishing on a parior car to be dor ‘he local manager or one of the de- partmen: bosses would estimate the time it would require to complete the work, and, allowing 25 cents an hour for the labor, would let out the contract toa gang of men, who could make more or less than the cal- culated wages, according as they worked fast or slow. It will then Le seem. that the scale of wages might very easily be kept at 25 cents per hour and the price offered for the work itself so reduced that the men could not possibly earn the pretenied pay. It ts necessary to understand these facts to appreciate the real grievaace of the W’uil- man employes. The first cut in wages -ame in November, 1898, when the company announced that on and after that date it we allow no man in the shops to earn more than 22 1-2 cents per hour. This meant a much greater reduction than it seems. It meant that the prices nllowet for doing all classes of piece work by the expert mechanics would be so fixed that no matter how hard « man worked he could not possibly earn .nore than §: er day. If he earned more hau thas amount he could not collect tt. It must be borne in mind, also, that the company did not guarantee steady work, even upon these conditions, hut frequen:ly laid off the men for several days ut a time with the statement that they were too far ahead with the particular class of work in which the suspended empioye was engaged. No Complaint at First. No complaint was made against the first reduction in wages at Pullman. The next one came in February, 18%, when the scale of prices was so adjusted that the best workman was limited to 20 cents an hour, or $2 a day. This, of course, was the maximum amount earned after February. ‘The ordinary workman operating under the new schedule could not make over $1.50 to $1.75 per day, and the inferior mechanics and common laborers never at any time drew more than $1.25 for ten hours’ work. It was at this time that the men began to organize, and to discuss a remedy for their grievances. Untli February, 1894, there had never been any union of the Pullman employes. Every attempt at organization had been defeated by the managers, and those engaged in the effort had been dis- charged. Even now the leaders discouraged ex- tremes and counseled patience. Finally, however, another cut was made, reducing the maximum wages for skilled mechanics to 19 and later to 18 cents an hour. But this was not all. Although the pretended scale of wages was fixed at 18 cents an hour, the prices allowed for the plece work were so reduced that the actual cut was really to 8 and 10 cents an hour, or in some cases to as little as 73 cents a day. This was the point at which forbearance could no longer prevail. The works became 2 perfect bedlam of excitement. Scarcely a man in the shops was making enough money to pay his rent. Nearly all were greatly indebted to the stores, and starva- tion was staring them out of countenance. In the meantime about one-third had joined the American Railway Union, and in April, they began to hold meetings for the dis- cussion of their troubles. The merchants had just adopted a rule not to trust any employe longer than fif- teen days, and in the awful times of suf- |. fering this was like a lighted torch In a | powder house. The men determined to act at once. The result of thelr conferences with Managers Brown and Middleton, and the final reftsal of George M. Pullman and Vice President Wickes to arbitrate the dif- ferences or consider the demands of the employes for more pay or less rent are well known. Notwithstanding a positive promise that no member of the committee asking for a conference should be discharged, it is as- sertel by the men that several of their number were denied work in the shops because they d presumed to seek the right of arbftration. On the night of May 10 the strike was ordered, and the great fight began. Such ts a brief story of the events which produced the present widespread conflict, now promising to heoemeé historic as the greatest uprising of the ntury. How the Reduction Worked. The other aft m at the strike head- quarters tn Kensington the Traveller cor- respondent met the leaders of the Pullman employes. T. W. Heathcote is chairman of the ways and means committee,-or, as he {a called, president of the executive com- mittee. R. W. Brown and Theodore Rhode are the vice prestdnts. Mr. Heathcote ts ore of the most expe- rienced His workmen in the Pullraan shops. trade {s that of finisher of vestibule and he fs not only familar with his tlar branch of the work, but his nee and lively "sympathy m the accepted, leader of the now you the cruel injustice of managers by own expe- Mr. Heathcote. ner of the palace cars,. the work in the shops. In 183 25 to $3.50 per day. Under ent scale of wages I could not and make, with the greatest effort, an $1.20 per day, and [ have given my Ufe to the learning of this trade. My wages, when this strike was decided upon, Noveinber, | did not average over $17 each pay day, or every two weeks, That, Yi uld be $34 per month. Now look at iegures: Wages per month. . Rent per month. mm: Water per month Gas per month.. Balance left to feed gpd glothe family “And thi age of a workman who was making the best wages paid. “I have seen hundreds of men here all winter who did not draw a cent from the company after their rent was paid. There is one man, John Bates, who not only worked thirteen months for the Pullman Company, and drew nothing over his rent during all this time, but he was actually $218 in debt to the cémpany when the strike came on. Do you blame such men for striking? Enoch Kinyon is xnother who worked faithfully ll winter for the Pullman managers, and dwed them $108 in the spring. He ts an honest, sober, careful man.” Rent» Remained the Same. “Did not the company reduce the rents when it reduced the,wages?” “No, sir, During all the hard times, when Mr. Pullman was complaining that he could rot pay the old wages, he continued to col- lect the old rent. “He claims to have taken the contract for building certain cars at a loss, Let me ask you what philanthropy there was in that When his purpose was merely to keep the men at work in order to collect their money in the form of rent? “Could he not afford to lose money on the cars if he was making it up by ex- orbi(ant interest on the money invested in tenement houses? He says ,that these houses do not pay him over 3 1-2 per cent on the investgent. If this is true, why is it that he continues to build them and in- sist on their occupancy by his workmen? And why is it that the same kind of houses can be rented in the city of Chicago for about 25 per cent less than they bring in Pullma “In the matter of gas and water Mr. Pullman contends that he is losing money in order to accommodate his employes, and yet the gas which he charges us $2 per 1,000 for can be had in Chicago foy $1.08, and the water that he has kindly provided for us at 14 cents per 1,000, costs him four cents from the city.” Mr. Heathcote is a type of the best-paid experts in Pullman, There are many work- men here who did not make over seven cents an hour when the shops were closed. These significant facts have never been di closed, simply because those who have at- tempted to state the grievances of the strikers have invariably taken the publish- ed scale of wages as the basis of calcula- tion, when, in fact, as I have attempted to show, the scale of wages may be one thing and the dally compensation actually re- ceived bear no relation to it. The Rent System, All the houses at Pullman belong to the Pullman Land Company, and the workman who rents one of them contracts with his landlord that he will permit the Pullman Palace Car Company, an entirely different concern, of course, to collect his rent and hold it out of his monthly earnings in the shops. Such a contract Is undoubtedly vic- fous and illegal, but, ,sincp the party for whose benefit it is made gan devise many plans for making its Violation unpleasant, the terms are generall: ed. The Pullman Land Ggmpany owns every ‘building in the town. pha some reports the Statement has been mage. that the working- ‘hen’ are permitted to.gradually purchase heir homes. This is gumistake. The only ing they are permitted:ito do is to pay rent, Tne title to the preperty never passes out of the hands of Pudiman. , Rents run from $9 toi§%, the first price being for the smalles: ‘e-room cottages andthe last being for! the largest brick houses, which no one but a foreman or office employe can afford toioccupy. I went through a number of the houses this afternoon. In fully @ hundred I found four families, each paying $12 a month rent besides their gas and water bills, and in some I found as many as eight and ten families. One poor mam showed me his ‘time checks” for the tastsmonth before the strike. He had made $11.20 in four weeks, and across the face of the check was writ- ten the words,"‘Deducted for ren€30; water, 70 cents,” leaving just $1.50 to buy food and clothing for himself and wife. This is the gravest issue that ever con- fronted the business world, and one «an- not but feel the importance of a just an- swer from the people when he looks Into the faces of these earnest and determined men. coo MILLIONS IN DIAMONDS. Esaormo Increase in the Product Since the Discoveries in Africa. From the New York News, ‘The discovery and working of the great Sovth African mines has enormously in- creased the production of diamonds. Dur- ing the past quarter century ten tons of these gems, selling for $300,000,000 uncut, and for $600,000,000 after cutting, have been added to the world’s wealth. This quan- tity of stones is twice as great as the sum total of all that were known to exist be- fore, the value represented being in the most concentrated possible form. A single corporation controls more than nine-tenths of the entire world's output of diamonds, owning practically the whole of the mines in South Africa. Thus it is enabled to reg- ulate and maintain prices, restricting the Production so that the supply may not ex- ceed the demand. Up to date it has placed upon the market about 2,800,000 carats. During the last year it dug and sold $16,000,000 worth of diamonds. During 1803 diamonds to the value of about $ were imported into 1868 $1 been broug The cutting of diamonds is carried on in the United States by fifteen firms, employ- ing 150 cutters, cleavers and polishers. ‘The American public demands a much higher quality of cutting than ts required by Euro- pean markets. At the same time less is paid for the work here than abroad, $2 being considered fair wages per diem. ‘The pioneer cutter on this side of the water was Henry D. Morse of Boston. In 186) he cut the famous Dewey diamond—the biggest gem of the kind ever found in this count —which was dug out of a clay bank near Richmond, weighing twenty-five carats in the rough. In his shop was invented the first diamond-cutting machine, which made {t possible to do the work faster and with more precision. It has not been adopted abroad to any extent as yet. Amsterdam, the greatest center of diamond cutting, has seventy-two factories engaged in that industry. The largest employs 1,000 hands. Next in importance is Antwerp. London ranks third. In the world there are 6,500 cutters of diamonds and 8,000 dealers. The latter carry in stock $350,000,000 worth of stones, representing pr ly one-third of all the diamonds possessed By human beings today. on 200,000 —-—-+ Orders for Coining, Silyer Dollars. The director of the:miat has issuey orders to the mint authorities at San Fran- cisco and New Orleans ) bégin at once the coinage of silver dollagy,. gpd during the Present month to coin yp 4p the ordinary capacities of the mintss.:THe silver to be first coined will be theblahks and ingots, of which there is suffigfeng} to coin about $1,500,000 at these two mintg and at Phila- delphia. As soon as this supply is exhaust- ed work probably will Megifl. on the silver bars, of which there is yéar's supply at San Francisco and NewhOr|éans, and prob- ably five years’ supply At Philadelphia. So far as can be learned, ft ik Hot the purpose of the government to "xteld the coinage of the seigniorage beyond a few millions, but it Is stated that after coining what gold may be necessary and pectin the abraded fractional silver, each of the three mints probably will be worked at their normal capacity on silver dollars for the next several months at least, and presum- ably to the end of the present calendar year. —_—+-e.___ Herbert Spencer's Prophecy. In view of the recent labor disturbance in this country, the following letter, writ- ten by Mr. Herbert Spencer to James A. Skilton, general secretary of the World’s Gongress cf Eyolutionists, becomes pe- culiarly interesting: FAIRFIELD, PEWSEY, WILTS, May 28, isv4. Dear Mr. Skilton: In the United States, as here and elsewhere, the movement toward dissolution of existing social forms and reerganization on a socialistic, basis I believe to be. irresistible, times before us, and before and We you have still more you—civil, war, im- ventually military dreadful times mense_ bloodshed, despotism of the st type. Yours truly, HERBERT SPI | On he went, and on the train went. | gained on the train at first, but the train | any have had bad | TROOPS ORDERED AWAY Gen. Miles Thinks the Situation at Chicago Tustifies It, On His Advice the War Department Sent the Order to Him Last Evening. Gen. Miles last night appended his signa- ture to the general order removing federal troops from Chicago. The infantry will take trains for their respective posts, while the cavalry and artillery will march to Fort Sheridan and remain there until such time as Gen. Miles thinks it best that they be sent to their posts. The order for breaking camp came from the War Department last evening, after Gen. Miles had informed the department that he thought the situation had so far improved that it was perfectly safe to with- draw them from the city. The troops from the east will return to their old stations. Last night Adjt. Gen. Orendorff issued an order directing the entire second brigade, Illinois state troops, and the first battalion of naval militia, on duty at Chicago, to pro- ceed to their homes at once, using special trains. Col. Smith, in command of the troops at Mounds, Pulaski county, was also wired to send his three companies to their homes. This removes all the state troops from duty, excepting 3,000 in Chicago. The Prisoners. There was an affectionate meeting of Debs, his wife, sister and brother Theodore yes- terday in Cook county jail. The lawyers for the prisoners held a council in the morn- ing at the office of Mr. Gregory. W. W. Ir- win and W. A. Shoemaker of St. Paul, At- torney Argo of Iowa and Theodore Debs were present, besides Mr. Gregory. The con- ference related to the conduct of the defense in the contempt case when it comes up for trial next Monday. It was also decided to ave a consultation in the afternoon with the prisoners. A request was made to United States Mar- shal Arnold to escort the defendants from the jail to his office, so that a conference could be held under more comfortable cir- cumstances. The request was acceded to, and shortly before 2 o'clock the four railway union officers were given a chance to in- hale the free alr for two hours. After their return to jail the prisoners spent the rest of the day and night writing and reading the papers. Telegrams and special delivery letters were recelved by Debs until a late hour. Theodore Debs was asked last night what the four prisoners would do if they were found guilty of contempt ani given the option of a fine. He answered: “It is in the discretion of the court to impose a fine alone, a tine and imprisonment, or im. prisonment alone. If the judgment is fine or imprisonment in default, my brother and the others will pay the fine. There is no principle involved, as in the present case of giving additional bail. All of them will Stay where they are until next Monday presi] at least. They may have to stay longer.” The Strike’s Progress. Inthe? abdenté* df ‘Directors Hogan and Goodwin in the northwest, and on account of the imprisonment of four others, there WaB*™"o' quorum ‘in the executive board available yesterday. Director Burns prac- tically had charge of affairs, although the prisoners wéré“ednSdtted and issued direc- tions in regard to the strike outside Chi- cago. At Uhlich's Hall the road commit- tees reported that the, union was not losing ground in Chicago. Director Burns, ad- dressing a mass meeting of strikers after- ward, said: “The western roads are badly crippled, and we are going to win if they put 5,000 of us in jail.” The shops at Pullman will probably be opened in a few days, but the strikers by u large majority do not intend to re- turn to work at the reduced scale of wages until they are forced to do so by the pangs of hunger or the approach of winter. The total number of applications received by the Pullman company from strikers who want to return to work is seventy-five. Thomas Moran, the striker who was ar- rested Tuesday for derailing the limited express on the Baltimore and Ohio railroad, was held to the grand jury, under bail of $2,000, by Commissioner Hoyne yesterday. Four deputy Untted States marshals who were witnesses to the deed testified that as the trafn’ was crossing a switch Moran turned the switch and threw two Pullmans, which were on the rear of the tral the rails. The cases of thirty-eight alleged rioters, set for trial in the commissioner's office, were postponed to July 28. nS EEE LT NOT ASHAMED OF IT. Wan Willing to Bet That No Other Fellow Could Catch That Trai: From the Utica Observer, “While waiting at a railroad station not many miles distant from Utica the other day for an east-bound train,” said a man, “a train passed going west. As the end of the train pulled out of the station a man with unusually long legs was seen running into one end of the depot and out of the other to the platform. He started after the moving train at a lively gait. He car- ried two grips, one in elther hand, and they swung to and fro in a laughable manner. He was all the time picking up, and he ny stopped. He walked back leisurely, the on- lookers at the depot waiting till he came up to give him the laugh. As he approached them he dropped his grips, quietly put his hand in his pocket, pulled out a roll of bills, selected a $10 rote, and exclaimed: “ ‘I'll bet $10 there is not @ man in this whole crowd who can catch that train!” “Of course there were no takers, nor did one laugh at him for failing to catch the train himself, eithe: —eoo—__ The Naval Appropriation Bin. The naval appropriation bill is now nearly in condition to be signed by the President. The conferees have agreed and their report has been accepted by the Senate. The al- lowance for ordnance stands as the 3enate reduced it, from $350,000 to $200,000, The Senate committee amendment that the Hartford be used as a training ship and making an appropriation of $150,000 to have her remodeled stands, as does the Senate appropriation of $8,000 for repairs to the old Constitution, at the Portsmouth navy yard, so that she may be ased as a training ship for naval militia. The Senate conferees receded from the amendments to pay the Bath Iron Works for speed premiums on the Machias end Castine $45,000 each, and to pay the Samuel L. Moore & Sons Co, $45,000 speed premium on the steel practice vessel Bancroft. The Senate amendment authorizing the Secre- tary of the Navy to remit the time penalties on the dynamite crutser Vesuvius and ap- propriating the necessary sum was allowed to stand. The Senate struck out the provisions mak- ing immediately available so much as is necessary of the appropriationg of $4,000,000 for armor and armament anf $5,955,025 for construction and steam machinery. Its action prevailed in the first instaace, but the bill is so amended in conference that from the speed appropriation are to be paid all speed premiums on new vessels earred before January 1, 1894, speed to be based on the official reports approved by the Sec- retary of the Navy. ‘The section regarding naval cadets ts so reported that the Secretary of the Navy can fill vacancies by the appointment of cadets” who have been for two years residents of the district from which appointed. Con- gressmen whose districts are unrepresented by residents can nominate candidates be- fore September 1. —-+e+ Fears the Kodak. From the New York Recorder. Congressman Everett is morbidly afraid of the kodak fiend. He can’t bear the thought of being pinned down in a negative for all time in the every-day guise which answers for his werk as a statesman. He was walk ing toward the Capltol, in company with Speaker Crisp, when he spied a young man coming his way with a mystertous black satchel in his hand. The doctor didn't wait to ask any questions. He bolted precipi- tately, dodxed behind a pillar, and, duck- ing his. head,.scrambled for a dark place with the celerity of a boy running the gauntlet. The . A short to laugh at the Ma scholar’s pre: dicament, and the laugh was on the doctdr all the more when it was discovered that the kodak had caught him in his most pi turesque attitude, Texa: and Dismemberment of the Republic. Gov. Hogg was presented at Austin, Tex., yesterday with a gold watch by the Texas troops, who had just broken their annual camp, ang in a short address to them he spoke for state rights and con@emned the action of the President in sending troopa to Chicago. He said it humiliated him, and as soon as he heard of it he telegraphed the President that he must not call out troops in Texas, as Texas could and would pre- serve peace and protect property with her civil officers, and if they failed then by her own military. The governor took a pessimistic view of the future, and predicted that within six weeks Illinois, California and Kansas will be under martial law. By that time, he said, Chicago will be about destroyed by anarchists with dynamite, and her beauti- ful buildings will be ttered with the hearts, lungs, livers and blood of her clti- zens. Gov. Hogg also told the militia that if a foreign war did not divert it ihis country was on the verge of a great and bloody revolution that would result in the dismemberment of the republic. “In that even he sald, “I want to see Texas fall on her feet and live under her old constitution of 1836 as a republic.” He was for Texas first and the United States second in the great conflict that he looks for between capital and labor. Speaking of possible trouble in Texas he sald: “By Gatlings, I want no interference in this state by outside authority. I pro- Pose to see that the laws are enforced by the civil authorities, and if they fail then I shall call on you, gentlemen, the military of the state.” And then the governor intimated that England or Mexico had as much authority to send troops into Texas to suppress in- ternal disturbance as had the United States The address did not deeply impress the off- cers and soldiers, and at the close there was no response until Maj. Gen. A. S. Rob- erts pulled off his hat and proposed a cheer for the governor of Texas. eee OKLAHOMA, WAR IN m Use Along The war of the torch and the bomb along the line of the Rock Island road in the Cherokee strip continues. The burning of a bridge a mile north of Waukomis Sta- tion shortly after midnight Tuesday night was the latest outrage. The bridge was burned just after the passing of a passen- ger train going south, and was completely destroyed. The passenger trains were transferred at the burning bridge yesterday. The railroad company has abandoned freight trafic. Another company of United States troops from Fort Leavenworth ar- rived at North Enid last evening. Mayor Franke of Pond Creek has ~eteivad this message from Acting Governor Lowe, in reply to his request for territorial and federal ald to enforce the city ordinances ee the stoppage of trains next Sat- urday: “T ase cacnentenyh the Rock Island Ratl- road Company and its attorneys and presi- dent to obey your ordinances through our request. I think an application for a man- damus to compel the company to in accordance with your ordinance would be granted.” Acting Governor Lowe has ordered the militia at once to Enid and Round Pond. There is but~one conipany of twenty-one boys, none over twenty-five years of age, who never shot gum, and were just organ- ‘zed last week. There consternation in their ranks! A thé idew of active service. The tension at Enid grows worse, and the people seem to have no respect for the regu- lars, who have no orders to shoot. roo Confirmations. The Senate has ‘made the following ecn- firmations: Cornelius R. Sleight of New York, to be collector of customs, Sag Harbor, N. Y. G. Frank Bayles, surveyor of customs for Port of Port Jefferson, N, Y. John C. McGuire, surveyor of customs for district of New York, N. Y. Elihu R. Houghton, to be passed assistant surgeon in marine hospital service. Clark Campbell, marshal of the United States for district of New Hampshire. Sherwood Dixon, to be attorney cf United States for northern district of Mlinois. Napoleon B. Laughlin, to be associate Justice of supreme court of New Mexico. Jesse W. E' to be register of the land office at Hunter, Ala. Naval cadets (line division) to be ensigns— Joseph R. bell, George C. Day, Holden A. Evans, Luke McNamee, Frederick L. Sawyer, les L. Hussey, John R. Y. Blakley, ¢ les T. Jewell, Gregory C. Davisor, S. Thompson, Frederick A Traut, John ¥F. Hines, Fred R. Payne, Powers Symington, Yates Stirling, jr., George .Mallison. Joel R. Poinsett Pringle and Benjamin B. McCormick. Naval cadets (engineer division) to be as- sistant engineers—Joseph S. Porter. Robert K. Crank, Stanford E. Moses and Raymond D. Hasbrouck. Naval cadets (line division’ to be second Meutenants tn the marine corps—\Willtam C. Dawson, Theodore H. Low, Walter Ball, Austin R. Davis, John H. Russell, fr., Charles F. Macklin and Thomas S. Gorlen Chas. P. Kindleberger, to be assistant surgeon in the navy. Second Lieut. Dion Williams, Wnited States marine corps, to be first lieutenant. Also several postmasters. From the London Daily News. A young medica! student of the Police In- firmary in Paris, named Gustave Lefilliatre, has had a curious communication on the subject of a legacy left to him by a Stranger. It was in the form of a letter from a solicitor named Leger, practicing at Marincs, in the department of the Seine-et- Oise. The solicitor informed hita that the late Dr. Dubois, a medical man at Chars, had left @ will by which he bequeathed ali his surgical and medical appliances, free of legacy duty, to the two studenis obtaining their degree at the examination next after the decease of the testator. The two studerts selected were to be those who came out No. 14 and No. 84 In the list. The other lv man was M. Georges who was to make an appointment to go with M. Lefilliatre to fetch the prop- erty. At first it was thought that the letter was a hoax, as practical jokes are comimon among medical students, but the two young men went to the place indicated, and were there duly presented with an exceptionally fine collection of instruments and accesso ries of all kinds for division between them They learned that their being spe ally chosen was due to the fact that the de- ceased doctor had twice passed an examina- tion, and that he had on those occasions been No. 14 and No. $4 on the lists. ~ --0e0 Actions Spoke Louds= Yhan Sen ments. From the Detroit Free Press. He was a nice fellow and she wus a nice girl; he was thirty-five and she twenty- eight, and the margin of procrastination was narrowing. He didn't seem to notice it, but she did; women are always more acute in such matters than men are; why they are has never been accurately and satisfactorily determined. It was about the eighteen hundredth gloaming they hed watched the purple shadows and so forth in, and still he had not hit the mark. “I think so much of you,” he satd, ten- Xo, I don't,” she responded mood. He tried to take her hana. “Why don't you?” he asked, with & trem- ulous touch of fear tn bis voice, . “Because,” she s who thinks, but the wins victories.” When he was thirty-six anf she twenty- nine they were Mr. and Mrs. - “Ht ts not the man maa whe acts, that Pat ~~ tee The Remarkabie Part. From the Detro! Johnnie--"M: ington that couldn’t tell @ lie?” Mother—"“Yes, my ~~ Johnate—“"What else did he dot” Mother--“He fought against the French and Indians, he was a great en the American armies in the conquered the British, he becan of the United States, he did more freedom of the world than any n lived d he was first irst in the hea (after a iong % t do easy ttle ching as telling a le?” — VIOLENCE IN CALIFORNIA Railway Strikers Tear Up the Fishplates From the Rails. Trou Feared at Truckee—Troops Ordered There—Marshal Baldwin's Reply e¢ Labor Leaders. ‘The strikers’ view of the railroad situation im northern California was given yesterday by one of the strike leaders tn Oakland: “Under ordinary circumstances,” he said, “eighteen or twenty freight trains are dis- patched from Oakland daily. During the past few days the railroad company has sent ovt five freight trains. If this is run- ning the road then we are beaten.” It is apparently a scarcity of competent trainmen that is troubling the officials of the railroads. In Sacramento almost the same condition prevails. One hundred and fifty workmen were induced to go back to the raflroad shops there yesterday morning In Oakland forty men were escorted to and from the railroad shops by a troop of cav- alry. The strikers made no attempt to in- terfere. Evidence was afforded yesterday, how- ever, that the railroad company has still to guard against violence. A track walker discovered that the fishplates had been re- moved from over one hundred yards of track. Strikers were seen in this vicinity Tuesday night. It ts believed to have been an attempt to wreck the San Franciseg local train which left Sacramento at @ o'clock yesterday morning. It is also re- ported that violence is feared at Truckee, where the strikers are in an ugly mood. Col. Graham dispatched the first infantry, under command of Col. Sullivan, ordering him to co-operate with other troops of the state militia now at Truckee to preserve order. The troops left Sacramento on the eastbound overland. Trial of the Wreckers, The preliminary examination of Knox and Worden, the strikers who are accused of murder, in having wrecked a train and caused the disaster at Sacramento a week ago, began at Woodland, Ci yesterday afternoon. This afforded the strikers an easy opportunity to cripple the Southern Pacific. The strikers’ attorneys summoned as witnesses two switchmen who were the only men remaining in the Sacramento yards. Their going out compelled the com- pany to abandon several trains out of Sac- Tamento. United States Marshal Baldwin seg aw sent the following reply to the strike lead- ers, who ofered to furnish a force of 2,50 deputy marshals to preserve order along the Southern Pacific lines. “SACRAMENTO, Cal., July 18.—Messrs, Terry, Douglass, Hall and Hurley, media- tion committee of strikers. Gentlemen: I have the honor to acknowledge your com- munication of yesterday. The best service you can render yourselves and your chil- dren ts to refrain from unlawful acts and allow others the privilege of living and en- Joying their property without dictation, in- terference or violence on your part. When you refrain from committing these unlawful acts there will be no occasion for the pres- ence of the mil'tary nor need cf your serv. fees or the services of others as deputy mar shals. “BARRY RALDWIN” Etght Months for Strikers. Judge Ross, at Los Angeles, yesterday morning found John Howarth and Engi- neer Martin Kelly guilty of contempt of court for violating his injunction at Bar- stow and sentenced each to eight months in Jail. The severity of the sentence was a surprise to many, it being thought, ‘a8 this was the first conviction for violation of the injunction, the sentence would be light. 00. CLEVELAND DOES. WHAT ms. Passed at Dessard’s Bay e¢ President's Wife. The correspondent of the Boston Giobe at Buzzard’s Bay writes: Passengers on the cape-bound trains are made aware of thelr presence in Buzzard’s Bay even be- fore the trainmen notify them. It js the sea breeze which is always in motion an@ blows into the car windows just as the train approaches the bridge which spans the narrows and connects Cape Cod with the mainland. There ts, perhaps, no other place on the entire coast of the bay which ts so con- tinually fanned by the breeze as the Pres- ident’s summer home. Situated on a pro- montory, Gray Gables is unobstructed from the wind which blows elther up or down the bay. President Cleveland, when he was being induced to purchase what was then known as Tudor Haven, now his summer home, w aware that the region abounded tn quiet and secluded recesses. His neighbor, Joe Jefferson, told him of the admirable climate, possessing all the elements neces- sary for recuperation from the fatigues of professional work. Mr, Cleveland knew from experience of the numerous facilities for fishing in the immediate vicinity, end each succeeding season he endeavors to en- joy the comforts of his home here for a longer period, which, however, much to his regret, his official duties have thus far prevented. No one seems to know when the President will arrive here. At this time last season he was at his cottage, and, while not en- | Joying perfect health, he was not prevented from going down the bay on fishing trips. The President's yacht, Ruth, is lying at aachor, the fishing gear ts carefully stowed away, the safls furled, the decks scrul clecn, and everything in readiness. Mrs. Cleveland never goes sailing or fishing un- less accompanied by the President, 0 the yacht has been drifting lazily et anchor far over a month In the bay in front of the cottage. Mrs. Cleveland has stated that she does not know when Mr. Cleveland will arrive at his summer home, and there is no one here who expects this distinguished visitor until after the adjournment of cress, when it is presumed he will remain until the departure of the family for the capital city. Sis. Bissell and child, who have been the guests of the first lady of the land for the past two weeks, returned to their hume on Monday last. Mrs. Bissell found the climate just suited to her, and her daughter was greatly benefited by the brief sojourn here. it ts quite Lkely that Mrs. Bissell will again visit Mrs. Cleveland in compauy Postmaster General Bissell at the time that the other noted Washingtonians are expected to be sojourning along the shore. Mrs. Cleveland goes to ride dally at the ieue’ hour, 5:30. She visits the Jeffersons as usual, in fact, Mrs. Cleveland has not Visited any one else this season exc ing the Micses Derby of Boston, who are yp ping in the villaxe. The Misses Derby are of Beacon street, Boston, and this ts their first reason at Buzzard’s Bay. New arrivals continue to grace the vil- lage by thelr presence, and the deilghtful weather continues. Fishing in the bay is not up to the usual siandard. soe -— Sagar and Muscle. Vroom Yondou Public 0; toa. I ect of sugar as a food producing been ah ei by Dr, From a b amary make the f ex- te s fast 2 2k; on ap- 1 oth es ¢ ro were taken In [an equal y of water. Jt was thus forn@ that ecer > a | the time before fatigue occurred, nereRs Bt to TH per work fone. in the sac re, from € te 54 per About aight ouncea) wa lange coined mee! t : increase ihe smo 6 been mate to grow & watered