Evening Star Newspaper, February 8, 1894, Page 6

6 avers cneRRY | World’s Fair mew. | MEDAL Ait 2 DIPLOMA WORLD'S FAIR. | Awarded AYER’S Cherry Pectoral For HOW GLACIERS ARE FORMED. More Ice Must Be Prodaced Than the Amount Melted. From the Fortuightly Review. ‘The most recent researches, according to M. Falsan, show that the thickness of the ice has been usually underestimated. A terminal moraine on the Jura at Chasserou fs 4,000 feet above the sea, or 2,770 feet above Geneva. In order that the upper sur- faces of the ice shuuld have had sufficient incline to flow onward as it did, it was Probably 5,000 or 6,000 feet thick below Martigny, and 4,000 or 5,000 feet over the middie of the lake. It is certain, at all events, that whatever thickness was neces- sary to cause onward motion that thickness could not fail to be produced, since it is only by the onward motion to some outlet or lowland where the ice can be melted away as fast as it is renewed that indefinite enlargement of a glacier is avoided. The essential condition for the formation of a glacier at all is that more ice should be roduced annually than is melted away. So ne as the quantity produced is on the average more than that melted the glacier will increase; and as the more extended surface’ of ice, up to a certain point, by forming a refrigerator, helps its own exten- sion, a very small permanent annual sur- plus may lead to an enormous extension of the ice. Hence, if at any stage in its development the end of a glacier remains. stationary, either owing to some obstacle in its path or to its having reached a level plain where it is unable to move onward, the annual surplus of ice produced will go to increase the thickness of the glacier and its upper slope till motion is produced. The ice then flows onward till it reaches a district warm enough to bring about an equilibrium be- tween growth and dissolution. If therefore at any stage in the growth of the glacier a thickness of 6,000, 7,000 or even 8,000 feet is needed to bring about this result, that thickness will inevitably be produced. We know that the glacier of the Rhone did move onward to the Jura and beyond it; that the northward branch flowed on be- = Soleure till it joined the glacier of the hine, and that its southern branch carried Alpine erratics to the country between Bourg and Lyone, 25 miles from its source. We know, too, that throughout this distance it moved at the bottom as well as the top, by the rounded and polished rocks and beds of stiff bowlder clay which are found in almost every part of its course. ————-+e+_____ BETTER THAN A PENSION. From the Detroit Free Press. “A month or so ago,” said the drummer, “I stopped over night at a emall tavern in Hilinois, and before retiring I sat for an hour fn the room used for an office, talking to two or three men, one of whom, a lame ™man, was to occupy the double room with me. I went up to bed some time before he did, and when he came, I was snugly tucked away, but nvt asleep. ““By the way,’ he said, ‘you were talk- ing about pensions, down stairs, weren't you?” “Yes, I rather believe in pensions, eco- nomically administered.” “So da: I,’ he said, carefully taking off his glasses, and with them a wax nose, which he laid on the table, somewhat to my discomfiture, ‘but I don’t believe in being indiscriminate’—here he fished out a glass eye and put it in a tumbler of water and then took out his teeth and put them with the eye. I couldn’t say anything and he went on. “I know men who are today getting from $10 to $50 a month’—he removed his wig and hung it up carefully—‘who do not deserve it any more than my grandmother does, and I hate to see’—by this time he had off his coat and collar, and, removing his left arm, he placed it on the bureau—‘good deserving men getting a miserable little pittance whose records are stories of bravery and daring’—at this point he sat down, kicked off his trousers and one shoe, took off a cork Jeg and laid it by the arm and I was about ready to jump out of the window. “Good Lord, man," I almost yelled, as I sat up in bed, ‘don't you get a pension” * ‘Of course not,’ he answered, with a look of surprise. ‘I was in the army four years, but I got this in a railroad wreck, and the gompany had to put up $50,000 damages. That beats a pension all to pieces.’ Then he put out the light. hopped over to his own bed and I had nightmare and jim-jams till daylight, dressed with my eyes shut and got out an hour before my disin friend di " ee ———+e+—___ Pain End «= Animals. From the New York Herald. ‘The manner in which animals and birds endure pain should awaken the sympathy ef all thinking people. Horses in battle furnish a striking example of this power of endurance. After the first stinging pain 4s felt they make no sound, but bear it with mute, wondering endurance, and when In the silence of the night a groan comes from the battlefield it is because of loneli- nhess—the craving for human companion- ship, which is so necessary to once domes- ticated animals. A dog will go for days with a broken leg withoyt complaint, but the pleading, wist- ful look would attract attention from any one not totally blind to all sensibility. A cat, wounded by stick or stone, or caught in some trap from which it has either gnawed or pulled its way, will crawl to some quiet out of the way place and en- = silently agony which we could not en- jure. Cattle will meet the thrust of the butch- er’s knife without a sound. The wild dove with shot from the hunter’s gun burning in its tender flesh will fly to some high bough or lay upon the ground and die, and no sound will be heard save the dripping of blood upon the vi The stricken deer will speed to some thick wood and there in pitiful submission await the end. ‘The eagle stricken in high air will strug- gle to the last, but there will be no sound of pain, and the proud, defiant look will not leave the eyes until the lids close over them and shut out the sunlight they loved 20 well. Frederick Marion, ier of the Third National Bank of Detroit, is a de- faulter to the extent of $50,000. The Dublin (Tex ‘cotton compress has been destroyed b The property was Stocked up to about $150,000, though the original cost was only about $40,000. The proposed memorial to the late Frank Rolles, secretary of Harvard College, which had been opened to subscriptions from stu- @ents and graduates, will take the form of & fund. the income of which will be ap- Plied to the aid of necdy students at the university. THE EVENING STAR, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 1894—TWELVE PAGES. ist MEETING. Evangelist Moody Talks Eloquently on the Subject of the Bible. CONVENTION HALL FILLED TO HEAR HIM Sankey, the Sweet Singer, Also Does His Part. GREAT RELIGIOUS FERVOR ‘Washington not only filled Convention Hall last night to the utmost limits of its ca- pacity, but overflowed into the streets near by and packed the approaches with as many people as had gained admittance. The first of the Moody and Sankey meetings was such a success as the promoters of the se- ries had scarcely dared to anticipate. The reception given by the people of all the de- nominations of the capital to the great evangelists was simply tremendous. The first comers to the hall left their homes immediately after dinner and reached the great market at 6 o'clock. By that hour there were half a thousand folks besieging the entrance. The throng increased momen- tarily, and when the doors were thrown open at 6:30 there were enough to fill a great many seats in the vast auditorium and to make a very good showing in the great room. By 7 o'clock nearly every seat had been taken and the ushers were nearly dis- tracted in their efforts to keep things straight. As there were no reserved seats, however, and no tickets except for the K street doors, there was little real trouble. What bothered the ushers most was the frightful torrent of humanity that kept pouring in through the L street entrance and flooding the floor. Had to Close the Doors. At 7:10 o'clock, or twenty minutes before the advertised hour for the meeting to open, the order was given to close the L street doors and to admit no more people. This order found 200 people already on their way into the building and up the stairway, and these were turned back to meet the steadily flowing stream of newcomers arriving from all directions. It is safely estimated that there were six or seven thousand people turned away from the hall after 7:15 o'clock. By this time the pressure on the K street doors was growing serious, and the ushers and policemen on duty there were besieged with all sorts and conditions of men and women without tickets, who were endeavor- ing on one pretense and another to get through the jealously watched portals. One nervous little old lady protested: “But I must get in!” “Why must you?’ demanded the police- man. “Because I am the organist’s mother, and T've got to get in.” She got in. The Great Chorus, The members of the great chorus began to arrive early, and by 7 o'clock enough of them had reached their seats to enable Leader Foster to start the singing, to keep the choir in practice as well as to entertain the thousands in the seats. The singers kept coming every minute and filled up the vacant seats on the inclined platform at the south side of the mammoth stage. Hymn after hymn rolled forth, the chorus growing smoother and stronger with each selection. The orchestra began to catch the spirit of the occasion and to swing into the cadences in rhythm with the hundreds of voices. The leader's baton caught up the loose ends of melody and wove them into grand harmonies that rolled smoothly out to the north over the densely packed floor. Some of those in the audience were provided with hymn books and joined in with the Letting in the Chorus. choir, though their voices made no apprecia- ble difference in the volume, and the great majority of the people in front were glad to watch the stage, which was rapidly filling | up with ministers and distinguished men who had been invited to places’ on the plat- form. Th> members of the committees and the pastors of the co-operative churches were busy in consultation with two stout- ish men who sat at the front. They wore their overcoats, the hall being just a bit chilly at first. Two Men Interested. One of them, the stouter of the two, sat in the center, in the slightly raised pulpit, containing a small organ. His keen eyes twinkled over the great hall and took In the enormous audience with pleased glances. This man, with a full beard, white in front and brown at the sides, was the great lead- er, Moody. His short, stout figure just fitted comfortably into an arm chair that stood by the side of the organ. The other man took more interest in the great choir at the back of the stage, grow- ing larger momentarily. His rather English whiskers were gray, and his eyes, as they ran over the pages of a hymn book in his hands, were atded by a pair of powerful glas: This was the barytone evangelist whose name has been inseparably linked with the other for years, Sankey. Shortly before the hour for the commence- ment of the meeting had arrived word reached the platform of the crowds of dis- appointed people that were being turned away, and, after a hasty consultation, it was decided to hold an overflow meeting at the Assembly Church, on the corner of 5th and I streets. So notice was sent out co the doors to this effect and within five minutes the little edifice, which is about two blocks away, was completely filled, and yet there were hundreds who could not find entrance. Mr. Sankey attended to this meeting after he had sung two solos at the big hall. The Services Commence. Promptly at 7:30 Mr.Moody, who had been giving out hymn numbers to the choir,arose and told the audience to rise and sing num- ber 372—“All Hail the Power of Jesus’ Name.” The choir did most of the singing. This over, Mr. Moody announced that Dr. Bartlett would open the meeting by prayer. The thousands bowed their heads while the white-mustached pastor uttered a few elo- quent words, invoking the Divine blessing on the meeting, on the — the evange- lists and those tn attendance. “Two hundred and sixty-five,” called out Mr. Moody. “Throw Out the Life Line. Mr. Sankey will sing. All stand still during the solo. Please all stay right where you are until the song is ended. If you must walk around, do it while the choir is singing. You can’t disturb them, but one person moving in the aisles will distract a speaker or a soloist immensely. And the ushers must stand still, too. An usher can make just as much noise as any one else. Mr. nkey’s First Solo. With these directions given, which pro- duced good fruit, Mr. Sankey began. He seated himself at his little organ at the front of the platform and played a brief prelude. It is not a powerful organ, nor a very sweet one. There is nothing, appar- ently, to distinguish it from thousands of other little organs that are to be found in American homes. Yet, Mr. Sankey touched its keys as though it were a dear old friend, a friend that he knew and could trust und in whose notes he could depend. His playing is not brilliant, and, indeed, it may be that Mr. Sankey could give his great voice a better setting if he allowed some one to ac- company him . some instrument with a fuller fundamenc. As it was, his organ lost itself in the arch-: before it had gone half way down the ha.. and left his strong, clear yoice dwelling on the cadences of the old- fashioned meters of the hymn. There is con- siderable dramatic force in the singing evangelist’s style, and he held his thousands of listeners as in a spell while he lined forth the prayer to cast out a line to sinking ones while there was yet time. The song over there was a satisfied move- ment among the people, but almost before they could realize the change, sprightly, business-like Mr. Moody had stepped for- ward to announce that Rev. Dr. Elliott of Ascension Church would offer prayer. A Period of Silent Prayer. After the prayer the choir and the people sang together number 14i, and then Mr. Moody produced a wonderful effect. “Now,” he said, “let us have a period of silent prayer. Let every one in the house bow the head and pray silently that preju- dice or unbelief may not keep back the blessings of this meeting. If our hearts are not open for a blessing let us pray that they may be. Cursed is the man that maketh the arm of flesh his trust. Let us ray.” Pithen for a minute there was absolute stillness among that vast multitude. Every nead of the thousands was bowed. Not a sound arose, save here and there a sup- pressed cough. Suddenly a calm, sweet voice broke the silence. Rev. Mr. Hamlin had been beckoned forward by the evangel- ist and stood at the front of the pulpit, his hands raised over the praying host, in- voking the blessing that the silent prayers might be heard. There were tears in many eyes when his “amen” gave the signal for the heads to rise, and it was something of a relief for the choir to sing number 356, which they did in excellent style. Let Everybody Sing. “I have only one criticism to make,” said Mr. .Moody, when the last verse had been sung. “The choir here has sung this song ‘a number one.’ It is the largest choir we have ever had, here or in the old country, In the Aadtence. and it is probably the best choir we have ever had. But I see there are no singers in the front. It may be that all the sing- ers in Washington are in the chotr. If that’s the case I guess we'll have to get some of the chorus down here in front. I don’t like to hear all the music coming from the rear. The audience ought to take a part in our proceedings. It ought to have a voice in the service, and I’m going to have that voice right now. I'll try it with that good old hymn that every one here knows by heart, and can sing without any book, ‘Nearer, My God, to Thee.’ Hefore we sing, though, let_ me announce that tomorrow afternoon there will be services in Congre- gational Church, and tomorrow night here in Convention Hall again, The same pro- gram will be repeated on Friday, and on Saturday there will be no meetings. That is the day we rest. Now, everybody stand sinj Soiwenvaces of the beautiful hymn rolled forth from those many thousand throats. Mr. Moody held up his hands at the end of the second verse. “Now, let's have one without the choir,” and the leader's baton was turned north- ward. The volume was decreased, but the song was sung very nearly as well as be- for “Just one more verse," called out Mr. Moody. “I take back all I sai There are artists on both sides of me. But there is one man down here who hasn't opened his mouth, and I want to see if another verse won't fetch him.” another verse rolled forth, and the silent man lifted his voice and sang with the rest. Mr. Moody's Address. Then, without any preliminaries, without any introductions or other formalities, the nervous evangelist jumped again to the front of the pulpit and began his discourse. | He held a flexibly-bound copy of the Scrip- tures in his hand and used it as his text, talking of the Bible and the way It is re- cetved and accepted by the Christian world. He talked quickly, without notes or mem- oranda of any kind. The words he uttered seemed to bubble out from a spring that found too small a vent. He spoke from his vast experience with the world of sinners, Christians, converts, believers and unbe- lievers. His voice sounds lke that of an Englishman with a slight cold in his head. There is no resonance, no special carrying quality, but it fought its way by sheer force of lung power through the air, over the heads of the audience, to the folks in the gallery. The Evangelist's Style. There was no shouting, none of the rant that sometimes accompanies the style of | exhorters. There was little gesturing, only an expressive waving of the book now and then, it being shifted nervously from one hand to the other. The speaker pressed up | closely to the rail and when not enforcing his words with an emphatic movement of his arm his hands were firmly laid on the | wooden beam, covered with black cloth,that served as a front wail. Mr. Moody was a bit husky at first. His voice showed a little of the wear of years of service, but it reached the ears of every- | body. Now and then those in the rear of the hall lost a word or two, that seemed | to get tangled up in the arches and to flut- | ter a moment, but for the great majority of | those present every word was as c rand distinct as though the auditor were right under the pulpit. There was perfect atten- tion. When the evangelist gave a funny turn to his discourse to point a moral there would be a slight ripple of laughter that soon calmed away, for there was no stop- ping the torrent of words that flowed like a spring freshet. Textless, noteless, the speaker plunged into the theme of the acceptance of the Bible. He said in the beginning that peo- ple nowadays are inclined to give up por- tions of the old book. His Belief im the Bible. “I believe in that book from the begin- ning to the end. I believe that one part comes to us with the same force and the same authority as any other part.” The words were aggressive and pugnacious. They left no manner of doubt in the minds of the listeners of the intense earnestness of the speaker. “There are many Chris- tiang now who are trying to get into a higher religious life and who do not know just hdw to go about it. They think they have exhausted the materials at hand, and are looking about for means get into the higher plane they seek. They forget that there is material enough for their elevation for all time, however high they may get and however high they may aspire to get. There is nothing that quickens them and us like the word and the spirit. Once quickened these higher aspirations will be satisfied. “A man once came to us after a series of our meetings in a large city and said that he hoped he had got enough out of our meetings there to last him all the rest of his life. I replied that he might as well hope to get enough nourishment out of one breakfast to last him a lifetime. These meetings alone will not do the work that we are trying to do. You have got to go further and to seek other things besides. If you want the real spiritual life and power you will find it if you will only fall in love with the Bible. Mr. Sankey. “People ask me if I believe every word in the Bible was inspired. I tell them no. I say that I do not believe that the devil was inspired to say the words to Eve that tempted her to eat of the fruit. But I do think that some one was inspired to write those words as a lesson to us. I think that the whole work was inspired. Mr. Moody then went into a discussion of some things that some men do not ac- cept or believe in the Bible. Various mtr. acles and strange happenings of both Tes- taments he quoted as being just beyond the line of credence of some who otherwise call themselves believers and Christians. He spoke finally of the case of Jonah and the whale. “TI believe in Jonah just as much as in the resurrection of Jesus Christ,” he de- clared. “I think that there was just as much need for one miracle as for the other, and that there is a vast deal of connection and similarity between the two. When your eye begins to grow dim, and your hair to grow gray, and your limbs to grow weak, you will find much comfort in the doctrine of the resurrection and also in the story of Jonah and the whale, perhaps as much out of the resurrection as out of all the rest of the Bible. Some folks are inclined to say that the swallowing of Jonah was contrary to nature; that it was impossible, and that God would never have so outraged natural laws as to make an animal do something so out of the range of possibilities. They forget the all-power of God. Once bring God in upon the scene and there is never any difficulty. You must not limit the power of the Almighty. “I remember once hearing discussion on board a ship on which I was crossing the ocean, between some latter-day scien- tists and philosophers and a hard-headed old Scotchman who pinned his faith in the old beliefs and would not budge an inch. One of the scientists was asserting that he had made a scientific examination of the mouth of the ass, and that never in the his- tory of zoology had it been so formed that the animal could speak. He therefore ridi- culed the story of Baalam and his speak- ing ass. The Scotchman held in as long as he could and then his indignation burst into flame, and he declared, in a sort of prayer to God: ‘Amen. You make the ass, Lord, and I'll make him speak.’ ”” Must Believe Both Testaments, Then, with a torrent of statistics, Mr. Moody plunged into a denunciation of the theory of some people that the Old Testa- ment is spurious, while they accept the new book. He referred to the number of quo- tations of the different parts of the Bible from other parts, and showed that the writers of the latter had access to the former, and that there are marks of similar inspirations frem one source. It is utterly impossible, declared the speaker, for a man to believe one of the Testaments without believing the old. He went on to speak of those who accept what they are pleased to term the natural parts of the Bible, while they reject the supernatural. “That leaves you nothing to believe,” he declared. “If you are going to read the Bible with a penknife in your hand you might as well not begin. There was a preacher once who had the bad habit of say- ing occasionally from his pulpit that he had his doubts about this miracle and that chapter and the other verse in the Bible.One day he was surprised to receive a visit from one of his parishioners, who brought him a copy of the Bible with parts here and there cut out. In one place a verse had been slashed, in another a chapter, and the whole book of Job was gone. The pastor looked at it shocked astonishment. What is this?’ he asked. ‘It's your Bible,’ answered the visitor. “Why, no, it isn’t,’ returned the minis- er. “Yes, it is,’ insisted the parishioner. ‘It's the Bible you teach. Every time you have thrown cold water on any part of the book I have gone home and cut out that part. Here is what is left of the Word.’ There was at least a third of the book gone. The minister wanted the man to give him the book, saying that he did not want it to be geen in the community. “ ‘No,’ insisted the other. ‘I'll keep it, if you only leave me the covers. They will be something to have." “There is not a part of the Bible where there are not supernatural things recorded,” continued Mr. Moody. “‘You will find them everywhere, The last things a man usually gives up are the four gospels, and yet you Mr. Foster and the Big Chorus, will find more of the supernatural and more miracles in them than in any other part of the book. “Nor must you think that because Christ is dead the time for miracles and super- natural things is past. He is not dead. He lives today just as he lived in the days of the miracles, the days of the last supper. And we are looking for supernatural things and for miracles now, today, right here in Washington. The Charm of the Bible. “Folks ask me if 1 understend the Rible, and I answer frankly and gladly that I do/ not. There are tings in Uiat book wat are beyond me—things that I do not pretend or try to understand. I am glad it is so, be- cause if I understood everything in the book there would be nothing to interest me now in it. It would be as dull as last year’s al- manac. The charm about the Bible is that every time you read it you will find some- thing new in it. You may go through a chapter or a book ten times and on the eleventh time you will see some new light, some new interpretation of a word, some new phase of the doctrine advanced. “Let us thank God that we live in Amer- ica and in the day and land of the open Bible. The open Bibie has been a greater boon to the world than any other element. It has made America and England what they are today. A closed Bible has made France the uncertain, struggling people that it is. France closed the Bible, and the na- tion went back hundreds of years. “There are people who say that the Bible is going out of date. Why, my good friends, it is just coming in. The printing presses are putting forth more Bibles today than ever before. There are more of these good books in the world today than ever before. The output is ing each year. And who ever dreamed in the days of Christ that His words would be so scattered through the world? There were no shorthand men then to take down his syllables and to put them in type. There were no publishers then eager to get a contract with Him to publish His sermons. There was no market for them. He had no vast multitude ready to read every word that fell from His lips. Yet today His words are translated into 350 different languag' and scattered to the four corners of the earth. Flashed Across a Continent. “Suppose He should have said to His disciples that some day He should pull down the lightning from the heavens 2nd use it to send His word across a continent. He would have been scoffed to scorn, yet that thing has happened in this generation. ‘When the revision of the New Testament was issued it was arranged to have it ap- pear simultaneously in London ana New York. It appeared tn London in the morn- ing and in ‘New York in the evening of the same day. That was on a Friday. The problem in New York was how to get the new version out to Chicago in time to be sold before Sunday. If sent by train it could not reach there before the afternoon of Saturday, when everything was closed, and, of course, there could be no selling on the next day. So some enterprising men put their heads together and arranged a plan. That afternoon the telegraph was clicking out those words of Christ, accord- ing to the new version, and before night they had all been received in Chicago, set in type and printed, and on the market the next morning. The impossible had hap- pened—almost the supernatural. “People ask me sometimes: ‘How can you prove that the Bible is inspired?” I have one answer for them: ‘Because it inspires me.” “Then there are those who are confidently waiting far a new Bible to be produced. If you wait here in Washington for a new Bible before you accept the word you will be older than Methuselah. His Closing Words. “It is the great medicine book of the spirit. In it you will find a cure for all ills. The soul has its diseases as well as the body, and needs its nostrums as well as the or- gans and thc tissues. In this book you will find a prescription for every ailment that the soul complains of. Search it through and through not only for your own sake, but for the sake of others. Go into training and read your Bible systematically. Mark the passages that strike you as being spe- cially comforting. Then some day you will hear some one say that they feel so badly in their hearts about something. You can take your Bible and give them a dose of God that will cure them quicker than any patent medicine ever cured a patient. “Why not have 5,000 preachers in this city of Washington instead of a hundred? Why does not every member of the church con- stitute himself or herself a minister to the spiritual ills of all the rest of the world about them? Then, indeed, we shrll find the grace that ts taught in this book. “Let us pray.” 0, suddenly, and without warning, the great exhorter turned from his audience of After the Meet! Listening to the Chorus, the world to an audience of above, and prayed for a few moments fervently for the grace that should enter into the spirits of those who had just heard him, to enable them to take the bcok that he had given them and to believe it all. “Receive the benediction!” he said, with- out a break, after he had said “amen.” He raised his hands, the entire throng rose, and in another moment he had dismissed the vast crowd and had instructed the choir to sing while the people were passing out. Hymn after hymn swelled forth, and the chorus not only sang the congregation out of the building, but went on and did a little practicing for tonight's meeting. A Great Succens, So ended the first of the Moody and San- key meetings. It was such a success as Washington has seldom seen. It was the greatest religious gathering that has ever been held in the city. It was purely unde- nominational, Episcopalians sitting next to Presbyterians, and beyond them Metho- dists, and then Baptists, and so on, through all the varieties of sects and creeds. All agreed that if the success of the night is to be continued Washington will experience the greatest religious awakening that it has ever known, The arrangements at the hall were excel- lent. There was no crowding, no confusion. The ushers adopted the excellent plan of shutting the doors as soon as all the seats had been taken, and so avoided a crush that would inevitably have ensued had those on the outside been allowed to push into the hall and stand in the aisles. As it was there was no confusion or noise, no dis- turbance, though thousands upon thousands were in the vast room. Had the doors not been closed at 7 o'clock, as they were, there might have been a crush inside the building and possibly a serious accident. In view of the fact that the meetings are to be con- tinued throughout the month there is no danger that all who desire to hear the evan- gelists will not be given a chance. OVERFLOW AT ASSEMBLY CHURCH. Mr. Sankey Sings Talks to a Great Congregation. The attendance was so large that it be- came absolutely necessary to hold an over- flow meeting and the Assembly Presbyter- ian Church, two blocks away, wes selected for that purpose. The announcement to that effect, coupled with the statement that Mr. Sankey would sing there, served to pack that sacred edifice as it was never packed before. The vast throng that found itself unable to even squeeze into any part of Convention Hall showed great joy at the opportunity of hearing the celebrated re- vivalist, and, to use a somewhat undigni- fied expression, “made a gra .° rush for the church,” completely filling it in a very short time. Mr. Sankey appeared at the church about 8:15 o'clock and entered into the spirit of the occasion with his usual enthusiasm, giving no indication of his efforts a few minutes before at the main meeting. He took complete charge of the meeting and made a most interesting address, in the course of which he sang several of the hymns so long associated with his name and fame. Mr. Sankey’s Address. He expressed pleasure at meeting so many Washingtonians and was glad to be able to designate them as a chufch-going people, something that can hardly be said of the people of New York or Chicago, and then sang hymns and related incidents in regard to them until he had his audience thoroughly interested and aroused, when he took occasion in the most impressive and convincing way to show the glory and beauty of religious faith. He said that they must have an abiding faith in the Bible or they would never know or feel the truth. He said there were those who believed the New Testament, but rejected the Old. This would never do for the thorough seeker. Christ quoted from the Old Testament and if one threw that away he must also throw away the New. A faithful Christian never had any trouble with the Bible. In ex- planation of the manner in which they could acquire the gospel he told the plain and simple story of the man mentioned in Scripture who had been commanded to hold forth his withered hand. What the Sinner Must Do. The sinner must come with his withered heart and withered affections, and, as he obeyed the command, the life-giving power wculd be supplied to him. He spoke of those who wished to be converted in their own churches and were holding back on that ac- count. The gospel, he said, was so univer- Sal that it could include all beliefs, and we might not be able to choose the place where the Holy Spirit would come to us. In illus- tration of this, he told the story of 4 version of the famous preacher, aaron jeon, whom he had known intimately. He had been converted in a shouting Methodist church, the last place in the world that he would have chosen, and under the preaching of a layman. He told, with a great deal of effect, the hold which Mr. Spurgeon had upon the people of London and the impres- sive ceremonies with which his body was on og 4 = rest. iv. . Little, Dr. L. B. Wilson and Mrs. G. C. Smith of Springfield, Il., assisted ‘Mr, Sankey materially in making the overflow meeting successful. In closing his address, Which was decidedly informal in its nature, Mr.Sankey advised his hearers to be prompt in their attendance at tonight’s meeting at Convention Hall,as otherwise they will have trouble in seeing and hearing Mr. Moody. Benediction was pronounced by Dr. Litue and the crowd slowly dispersed. They Did the Work. » The work of arranging for these meet- ings, which has involved a great deal of de- | tail, has been crowned with success, as it is believed that the coming days will dem- onstrate. Prominent representatives from the several churches, both clerical and lay, gave freely of their time in performing the duties assigned to the various committees. The committees as constituted are as fol- lows: Executive committee—Dr. Luther B, Wi- son, cl ; Chas. N. Richards, secre- tary; Col. Geo. Truesdell, treasurer; Dr. Wm. A. Bartlett, Dr. R. H. McKim, Dr. S. H. Greene, Dr. J. G. Butler, Dr. 8. M. New- man, Dr. F. D. Power, 0. B. Brown. Finance committee—Col. George Truesdell, chairman; Matthew G. Emery, Judge I. G. Kimball, - =: Fox, Jona a Herold, B. H. ‘arner, B. F. Leighton, C. B. ley, S. W. Woodward, Henry E. Pellew. Committee on meetings and workers— Dr. Teunts S. Hamlin, chairman; Dr. L. T. Widerman, Wm. Redin Woodward, Dr. S. J. Smith, Rev. E. D. Bailey, Dr. A. W. Pitzer, Dr. J. J. Muir, Dr. Alex. Mackay- Smith, Dr. Hugh Johnston, Dr. W.:E. Par- son, Dr. J. E. Rankin and Dr. A. F. G. Apple. Committee on hall and ushers—James E. Pugh, chairman, with one member from each of the co-operating churches. Auditing committee—Chas. Lyman, chair- man; G. W. F. Swartzell, R. H. Martin. Music committee—Dr. Chas. A. Stakely, chairman; Chas. S. Clark, C. M. Lacey Sites, Geo. W. Havell. Printing committee—Chas. N. Richards, chairman; Chas. C. Pursell, Joseph D. Mi- lans, Leonard Connor, Lucius D. Alden. Press committes—Wm. B. Bryan, chair- man; Beriah Wilkins, T. G. Alvord, P. Vv. De Graw, C. A. Boynton, T. W. Noyes, H. L. West, C. 8S. Elliot. a A Park on the Flats. The project of converting the Potomac flats into a park and driveway and to use the small lakes therein for fish hatcheries was further urged before the committee on rivers and harbors yesterday by Fish Commissioner McDonald. The modification of plans submitted by the United States commissioner of fish and fisheries contemplates the construction of a broad driveway around the sea wall, at an elevation of six feet above the level of low water, and by intersecting driveways to divide the interior into a series of lakes for the rearing of shad and other fish. To guard against overflow a dyke three feet high is to be constructed between the driveway and sea wall. The bottom of the lakes will be at the level of low water, and conduits with valves will be arranged so that they can be fillled and emptied at pleasure by opening communication with the river. There will be needed an additional fill over and above that already estimated of two feet, requiring an additional expendi- ture of $125,000 in addition to that estimat- ed above, or an aggregate expenditure for completion of fill and conversion into a park of $431,190. —_—__+.-+___.. Effect of the Rond Sule. The net treasury balance yesterday was $117,115,325, the first time it has been above the hundred million dollar mark for sev. eral months. This is an increase of $34,500,- 000 over Tuesday, and is accounted for solely by the payments of the subscriptions for the new five per cent bonds. Of this increase $28,656,294 is in gold, and $5,863,140 in currency. The latter about represenis the amounts of legal tender and coin notes that have been used thus far in payment of the bonds. The officials of the Treasury Department are gratified at the showing that has been made in the aggregate gold payments. ———__-+e-—_____ Introducing Reindeer. Dr. Sheldon Jackson of this city, who has charge of the work of introducing Chicago and Madison, Wis., where he will examine applicants for positions as herd- ers at the reindeer station at Port Clar- erce, Bering Straits, Alaska. There were 150 applications received from Scandinav- jens and Larps throughout the country tor the six places to be filled. The com- pensation for each place has not yet been settled, but $600 or $800 a year will probably be decided oi + e+ Bridgeport Strikers Predict Victory. The street railway strikers at Bridgeport, Conn., declare that the trouble will be set- tled in a week and that they will be victors. The executive committee has gone to New York and when they return it is believed a settlement will be made. The employes of the traction company have been given per- mission to carry revolvers, with instructions not to hesitate to use them if assailed. The company has employed detectives to shadow the strikers supposed to be responsible for the assault on the new men. ss To Judge a Sermon. From the Central Christian Advocate. Hints are given now and then to enable young students to determine somewhat ac- curately the value of a painting. In like manner, suggestions could be afforded whereby the average hearer in a congrega- tion might judge a sermon, Among the questions that might be fair- ly asked concerning the preacher and his sermon, in the attempts to test its worth, are these: Was the preacher evidently in earnest? | and| Did he give token in his prayer, throughout the service, that he was genu- inely devout, show any signs of having really studied the passage he announced as the text? Was there any grip in his thought, any fresh, vitalizing influence in what he said? Was there coherence in the sermon? Were | there signs of a structure in it? Was his meaning made clear, so that the discourse, taken as a whole, was simple and intelligi- ble? Was it interesting? Was there any- thing in it to get hold of people, fitted to make them think? Was it aimed at the conscience, and the heart, as well the head? Did his discourse show clearly that it was ‘meant to help people in sorrow, dan- ger, sin and temptation? Was it fitted to awaken, to instruct, to warn, or to com- fort anybody? Was it adapted to wake re- ligious emotions—penitence, gratitude, trust hope, reverance, praise, prayerfulness and other devout experiences? Was there in the sermon any apparent sympathy with those who are tempted and strugglin; it bear any signs of being a nineteenth cen- tury product? Did it have in view the in- iquities, allurements, perils and trials of to- omy Was it the vehicle ag the declaration of any momentous truth, any real mes- sage? Was it clearly adapted to the pore sion? Did it have any vital utterances in it concerning Christ and His great salva- tion? These are some of the canons of criticism by which a sermon may be fairly judged. There are other phases of it which might be suggested by similar questions; those. how- ever, which have been given will suffice to make prominent some of the essential ele- ments, the fundamental qualities, which differentiate it from other public utter- arces,and which stamp it with incalculable import and worth. en The case of Mary E. Lease, wherein the right of Governor Lewelling of Kansas to remove her as a member of the state board of charities is questioned, was submitted to the supreme court yesterday, and taken under advisement. that he had got hold of God | for himself, that he had religion? Dia he | oval Pure A cream of tartar baking pow- der. Highest of all in leavening strength.—Latest United States Government Food Report. Royal Baking Powder Oo. 106 Wall 8., N.Y. FLOWERS OF PEARS AND APPLES, Discovery Respecting Them Made by the Division of Vegetable Pathology. What seems likely to prove an important and valuable discovery has been made re- cently by the division of vegetable pathology in the Department of Agriculture. It is ex- pected to open up a new line of experiment in horticulture. The matter in question has relation to the cross-fertilization of pears and apples. ¥ Of course, all the Bartlett pears in the world—referring to them merely for the sake of example—came originally from a single seed. The creation of such a valuable vari- ety is due to the accidental variation of some seedling. A grower raises 1,000 seed- ling trees. One of them, perhaps, will give fruit of exceptional excellence. With this single tree for a beginning, a new variety is created, being propagated by grafting and budding. This process is kept up until maybe there are many thousands of trees bearing this particular sort of fruit. But in reality all of the Bartlett pears, being thus derived from one seed, represent portions of a single individual. It is the Same way with every other variety of pears or apples. Accordingly it happens in most Such instances that the flowers will not mate together—that is to say, the blossoms of one variety can only be fertilized by polien from another variety. This fact has only recently been ascertained—indeed, it is the discovery already alluded to. Simple though it ap- pears, it is likely to prove of the greatest value. Grafting. For example, a company at Scotland, Va., has an orchard of 16,000 Bartlett pear trees, For several years past it has produced so little fruit as to be unprofitable. Apparently the sole cause of the misfortune has been that there were hardly any pear trees of any other kind in the neighborhood. The entire orchard representing a single individ- ual, the blossoms were not fertilized. Now the company is going to try grafting other | Varieties on many of the trees. By this pro- cess it expects to increase the income from the plantation $10,000 a year. The theory is that frult growers must not plant in great blocks of one sort, but must mix varieties together in making up their orchards. Most varieties of pears and apples are un- able to fertilize themselves. The trees de- pend for fruiting upon insects, chiefly the common hive bee. The bee, seeking honey from the flower, gets dusted with pollen, and, flying to a flower on another tree, | brings the pollen grains in contact with the stigma of the second flower. Thus is ac- complished the mating of the blossoms. The bee is the Cupid of the vegetable world; but the same sort of work is carried on to a greater or less extent by other winged agents. Already fifty species of insects Which visit pear blossoms have been made note of. Pear Blossom Visitors. These include hive bees, bumble bees, wasps, ants, many kinds of beetles, fies from the bluebottle to the gnat, butterflies and even dragon flies. It is surmised that the peculiar “fishy” odor of pear blossoms is possibly developed by nature for the pur- pose of attracting flies. The beauty of all sorts of flowers, as well as their perfume and nectar, is designed mainly for the pur- pose of attracting insects, so as to secure cross-fertilization. Darwin estimated that some blossoms in his garden were visited by bees twenty times daily. It was he who dis- covered the general principle of cross-fertil- ization, showing how essential it was to the well-being of plants and that some were sterile without it. Many plants are fertilized by the winds. Among these are pines, the various cereals, grasses and sedges. They produce large quantities of dry and dust-like pollen, which is easily carried for long distances by the breezes, But the blossoms of pear and ap- ple trees are not mated in any such easy fashion. Insects must do the work, more than half of which is performed by bees. The orchardist, having taken care to mix varieties in his plantation, should next look | to it that there are plenty of bees in the reindeer into Alaska, left last night for | neighborhood. If there are not, he ought to keep hives of his own. In order that the cross-fertilization may be accomplished, se- lection should be made of trees of different kinds which bloom at the same time. | Unfortunately, insects carry about with them from flower to flower the germs of various fungus diseases. Tt is by this | means that the so-called “blights” are often ) Spread. With a view to finding out about this particular matter, the division of veg- etable pathology recently made some very elaborate experiments. Incidentally the dis- covery was made as to the necessity for cross-fertilization in most varieties of ap- ples and pears. This was followed up by subjecting blossoms to tests. Large num- bers of them were “emasculated” by cutting off with scissors the anthers, which are the male part of the flower, bearing the pollem. The Process. Next, the blossoms were touched with pollen taken from freshly opened blossoms on other trees, being afterward covered with paper bags to prevent them from obtaining other fertilization. In this manner definite data were secured as to the effects of pollen Gerived from the same variety and from other varieties. Of course, it was necessary in each case to perform the emasculating op- eration before the flower opened. Orchard- ists, by the way, often “hand pollinate” blossoms in this manner for the purpose of getting seed to grow seedling trees from, in the hope of getting a new variety. Though many are ignorant of the fact. the pollen is worth to fruit growers more than its weight in gold. These yellow grains are among the most wonderful things in nature. They are contained in the heads of the little stalks called “stamens,” which are scattered around, but not in, the center of a flower. The heads are termed “anthers.” Under the microscope each grain is found to be a single cell, which has two coats, and within the inner coat is a fluid. In the fluid, when mixed with water, may be seen @ great many extremely minute a which constantly keep up a sort of vibratory motion. The anthers, as soon as the pollen within them is ripe, burst and scatter their con- tents, One of the yellow grains, having alighted upon the “stigma,” presently ger- minates and sends out a tube, which passes downward into the upper part of the pistil, making its way through the latter until ft reaches the case containing the seeds. It then enters one of the seeds through a little hole provided by nature for that purpose, fertilizing it. As a result of this operation the young seeds begin to develop and the young fruit starts to grow. No ructors for High Schools. ‘There are less than half a dozen assign- ments yet to be made of military tnstrue- | tors to colleges by the War Department. The plan of assignment to high schools ts therefore out of question for the present. It has several strong friends in the depart- ment, and has attracted much favorable attention throughout the country. Ex- President Harrison, in a card to the editor of a western newspaper, spoke in high terms of the project of insuring military instruction and training to youths in high schools. For the present ft must remain in abeyance, the limit of 100 officers being nearly exhausted. ——-2<+—___—___ John Carberry is lying {ll at his home in Newark, N. J., suffering from a severe attack of hiccoughs. He was first stricken about six weeks ago and since then his longest period of rest from the paroxysms has been thirty-six hours. He is worn most to a skeleton and is in a critical con dition. A. Willmere of Florence, Mass., stepped out upon the rear platform of a train, when sudden jurch threw him off. His. arm was broken, his head cut and internal injuries are very serious.