Evening Star Newspaper, February 1, 1894, Page 1

THE EVENING STAR | PUBLISHED DAILY EXCEPT SUNDAY. | AT THE STAR BUILDINGS, 1101 Peunsylvania Avenue, Cor. 11th Street, by The Evening Star Newspaper Company, S. H. KAUFFMANN, Pres't. ten mouth. Sat Ray QcivrcrLeSmser Stan, $J.00peryear; reine 33.00 “idutered af the Port Ofice av Washington, D. C.. ese all matter. mail ) iwail sabscriotions mpust be psid in edvance. HincPsdverthine meas Enown oo application. GALLERIES PACKED! The Greatest Crowd Ever Known at the Capitol. INTEREST IN THE HOUSE DEBATE The Capitol Police Had to Send for Reinforcements. THE SCENES OF THE DAY It Is not every day that the House passes @ tariff bill. It is not every aay that the giants of both parties meet on the floor of the House in a wordy wariare. it is not every day that votes are taken on great measures with the results somewnat mm doubt. Therefore the Capitol today with the Wilson bill hanging in the balance and with the speeches promised from Cnair- man Wilson and from ‘Tom Heed, became the mecca for all of Washington that nad nothing else to do. So the great army of the otherwise unemployed made an on- slaught upon the great white building on the hill. The corridors and galleries of the House were absolutely filled by 10 o’clock. By half-past 10 the crush of people in the up- per lobbies leading to the galleries were packed to suffocation. It is estimated that by 11 o'clock there were nearly ten thou- sand people in the House wing of the Cap- itol. The crush of people was greatest at the two elevators in the east and west cor- ners of the south side of the House. The gallery doors had long been closed and no- body was admitted into those desirable pre- At the Gallery Doors. cincts, but people kept coming up the stairs and up the elevators until the spaces be- tween the stairs and elevators were abso- lutely filled, and there was great danger of accident. The policemen and watchmen were actually unable to clear the way, as there was no outlet for the vast throng. Pickpockets Busy. It soon became apparent that pickpockets had taken their cue, and had flocked to the Capitol as a good working ground, for com- Piaints began to be heard of missing watches and pocket books. The thieves were working in every direction, and the compaints were received at the guard room of the Capitol police by the score. The ne- cessity for more policemen on duty at the Capitol was made very apparent during the day. Congressmen were caught in the crush upstairs and in many cases were un- able to reach the floor of the House until after proceedings had begun. Ladies in «gala array were almost trampled upon, and several of them were taken from the eust lobby near the elevator into the ladies’ waiting room at the southeast ladies’ gal- lery, on the verge of hysterics. The news- Paper correspondents were almost barred from their gallery and many of them were Quite umable to reach their places until long after the debate had begun. Wives of mem- bers and holders of tickets of admittance He Was tn It. | to the reserved galleries found those gal- | leries absolutely filled long before half-past | ten. They were just as bad off as the or-/ dinary public that had hoped to find places mn the public galleries. Seats were abso- | lutely beyond reach of anybody but those who had come by or before 10 o'clock. The | only galleries that had any room at all after | that hour were the executive and diplo-| matic galleries and the press gallery. The executive and diplomatic galleries were fairly well filled. The Crowd in the Galleries. Shortly after the House convened at 11 o'clock the crowds in the immense gallery on the north side of the chamber became so great that there was imminent danger that some of the people would be pressed over the railing into the house below. The folks} in the corridors kept crushing into the door-| ‘ways and those still further back pressea| 2. forward until the stairs and aisles of the| gallery were literally packed with a mob of | restless, impatient men. In one of the aisles @ fight was precipitated between two men_ over the color question. One of the com- batants was a negro, demanding his full rights as an American citizen, and the other was a white man making the same claim. | This claim included the right to stand on the same square foot of territory, and as it was too small for both men a race war re- sulted. The belligerents were hustled from the gallery as fast as the obstructing hu-/ man wall would permit, and comparative order was soon restored. The crowding in| at the doors, however, continued until) Speaker Crisp, who had been nervously not-| ing the dangerous packing of people, inter-| Tupted the roll call long enough to say that it was in the Interests of safety to human that the door way should be cleared. He Was very nervous and could hardly enunci- ate the words. He asked the doorkeepers of | the gallery to clear out some of those who stood in the entrances, so as to make those iy inside as comfortable as possible, | t being in danger. It was next to im- possible, however, to at once execute this order, as there was absolutely no room for} the ejectment of those who had found en-| trance into the aisles, but the policemen kept pressing kk the people until they had Mmaterlaliy reduced the danger that was so! very app: Men clati 1 to be correspondents of out- some cases, impossible press gallery It kept Door- rs of the press upgn these applica- tions, e-tenths of which were rejected. Nevertheless the seats in the gallery were well Slled with people who had never before! ee busy passing | have cost more than 35,000. Vor 84, No. 20,797. been suspected of any sort of acquaintance with printers’ ink. ‘The Greatest Crowd Ever Known. It was the opinion of the elevator con- ductors and the old employes of the House that the crowd was the greatest that was ever known at the Capitol. One of the for- mer said to a Star man that the throngs exceeded even those of an inauguration. ‘The pressure upon the members for seats in the reserved galleries—which had long been completely filled—finally became so great that orders were given to admit a few ladies to the floor of the House. This was done, and soon there were half a hundred ladies sitting in the spaces at the rear of the curtain railing behind the desks of the members. The doorkeepers of the executive gallery were given orders to admit as many as pos- sible of the people in the corridor outside of that door, and that gallery, ioo, was soon packed, excepting, of course, the Presi- dent's pew, in front. The crush in the lobbies leading to the upper galleries of the House exceeded any- thing in the recollection of the Capitol po- lice. Men and women struggled and fought From the Floer of the House. for positions which would lead to the gal- leries. Women were frightened, and cried to get out of the tangled mass of humanity. The elevators carried up loads, only to find an impassable barrier at the upper doors, So that the loads had to be carried down again. One woman in the elevator, finding that she could not get out, and that the elevator hung at the top, unable to dis- charge its burden, sobbed hysterically and then fainted. A large man fought desper- ately at the upper middle door of the gal- lery for admission, and, failing to make headway, jumped qn the backs of the crowd and scrambled over heads, crushing hats and smashing heads, until landed within the walls of the chamber. The officers were Powerless to keep the crowd in subjection. Calling on the City Police. At 11 o'clock the sergeant-at-arms of the House telephoned to the city police head- quarters for a detail of men, and a lieuten- ant and a squad of policemen were sent to the House galleries to assist the regular ‘apitol police in preventing a panic. By the time of their arriyal the excitement had sub- sided somewhat, many having fought their way inside, while others, frightened by the confusion, were glad to make their escape. The gailery immediately in front of Speaker Crisp became so choked with humanity at 11:15 o'clock that the forward row was pushed against and nearly over the railing. The huge House clock on this railing was pushed from its stand until it tottered and was about to fall. The police made their way to the front and replaced the clock and forced back the crowd. Overflowing to the Senate Gallery. Many of the people who were unable to secure seats in the House galleries went over to the Senate side of the Capitol and crowded the galleries there. Though the proceedings of the Senate were unusually uninteresting, the crowd stayed on from hour to hour, hoping to be able to get seats in the House galleries later. The ladies who were admitted to the floor of the House soon filled all of the available space in the rear of the curtain, and then members began to invite them to seats om the main floor. In a short time there were upward of a hundred gaily dressed ladies sitting in the seats reserved for members, and fully twice as many back of the railing. 2 The Baltimore American Joins the Associated Press. BALTIMORE, M4., Feb. 1.—The News to- Gay says editorially: “We congratulate our esteemed contemporary, *the American, upon its admission to full membership in the Associated Press. ‘Ine News was tne first paper in Baltimore to join the Asso- ciated Press, abandoning the United Press, of which it was a charter member, and 1ts business manager the first president. Wnen the United Press ceased to be a co-opera- tive institution and became a joint stock company, controlled by a few individuals, the far-seeing newspapers of the country, realizing that the principle upon which It Fested was unsound, began to transfer their allegiance to the Associated Press. The jatter now includes three-fourths of the newspapers in the United States. It is today, more than ever before, the cor- servative and representative news-gather- ing organization of the world. Superior in news service and in personnel, it is en- croaching constantly on the limited terri- tory of the United Press, and it is only a matter of a short time until the entire press of the country ts united in the logical and natural alliance which may be obtain- ed only through the Associated Press, For- tunate indeed are those newspapers which, like the News and American, have secured full stock memberships, of which the num- ber is necessarily limited, in the ted Press.” —_—_—__—_. THE ELECTION COST AOUT $100,000. Not Including What Was Spent by Candidates and Their Friends. It costs something to elect two Congress- men at special election in New York city, says the Sun. How much Is indicated by the amount of money expended or two be ex- pended on account of the election of last Tuesday. This sum will approximate $100,- The biggest item will have to be borne by the city. This will be about $67,000, divided as follows: For salaries of 099 inspectors at $24, $23,976; salaries of 1,332 poll and ballot clerks at $12, $15,954; ten polling booths at $125, $1,250; rent of 323 polling piaces at $10, $12,020; ballots, $2,000; other stationery and printing, $2,000; cartage, 3700; fuel and light for ten poiling places, $50; advertising polling places and names of candidates, $5,000; county canvassers and printing statement of canvass, $3,000 or more. The amount expended by candidates and political organizations can only be estiinat- Mr. Quigg acknowledges that he had three workers at each polling place in his district. His campaign must therefore Probably Mr. Sigrist, the defeated republican candidate in the other district, did not receive such substantial ald) Tammany Hall nad four poll workers at every one of the 333 elec- tion districts and expeaded much for meet- ings. It is safe to place the expeniiture on behalf of the two democratic candidates at $10,000. ——_— +e Satisfied With Benham’s Action. Secretary Herbert today sent the following | dispatch to Admiral Benham: WASHINGTON, February 1, 1804, Benham, Rio. Further information received from United States minister. We are satisfied entirely with the prudence and judgment with which you have carried out instructions and pro- tected American commerce. Rely upon you tor continued exercise of wise dis: @igned.) INSURGENT ACTIVITY |THEHAWANANINVESTIGATION]IT 1§ FREE TRADE Reported Oapture of the Town of Nictheroy. PREPARING AN ATTACK ON SANTOS The German Flag Fired on in Rio Harbor. NEWS FROM BENHAM BUENOS AYRES, Feb. 1.—It is reported here that the town of Nictheroy, which has long been the object of the main at- tack upon the part of the rebels at Rio de Janeiro, has yielded to the insurgents, who have occupied it with their forces. No confirmation of this report or denial of its accuracy is obtainable here as this dispatch ig sent. But it has been rumored bere, for some days past, that the insur- gents had been successful at Nictheroy, and it has even been asserted that the govern- ment troops there had joined issue with the rebels. Preparing/to Attack Santos, LONDON, Feb, 1.—A dispatch from Bue- ros Ayres, dated yesterday, says that the Brazilian insurgents are preparing to make @ vigorous attack upon Santos. Fired on the German Flag. NEW YORK, Feb, 1.—The Herald’s cable from Rio Janeiro says: A launch loaded with coal and flying the German flag was fired on by the Guanabara Tuesday in the harbor. Capt. Hofmeyer of the German man-of- war Arcoma at once went aboard the rebel war ship and told the commander that he was now receiving his last warning, and that if he fired again upon anything fiying the German flag the German war ships would sink his vessel. The rebel commander replied that he could only be sunk once, and that he would fight the thing out. Capt. Hofmeyer then cabled to Berlin, stating that he would co-operate with the American admiral in defending commerce from rebel molestation. It is expected that the English naval commander here will Soon receive instructions to the same effect. After a futile effort by the insurgents to force a landing at Armacao yesterday their ships resumed their old anchorages. Peixoto’s Fleet Going South. A special cable dispatch to the Times from Montevideo says: The government of Brazil is prepared to act promptly, now that Da Gama has, as it is thought, showed his hand. It became known positively yester- day that preparations have been concluded to have the war ships Nictheroy, America, Aurora and Itapu sail south on the 6th of February. They are to meet the Tiredentes and Santos at Bahia, and from that port the loyal fleet will sail to find Admiral Mello, to whom they will have something important to say. Just where he is no one seems to know, but the war is on and the orders are to find him and fight to a standstill. BENHAM’S DISPATCH. ‘The Story of the Rio Affair in the Ad- miral’s Words. Secretary Herbert had a conference with the President this morning in regard to the situation at Rio, the result of which is indi- cated in the following correspondence which the Secretary made public on Lis return to the Navy Department: The first is Admiral Benham's cable mes- sage to Secretary Herbert, giving an ac- count of his action in breaking the block- ade, so far as American ships are concern- ed. It is dated Rio, and was received Janu- ary 29, and is as follows: “Two American merchant vessels Saturday were prevented from going alongside the wharf. Today, 6 a.m., sent the Detroit to take position that would protect vessels going alongside the whaft, and if fired upon to return fire. My vessel (s) under way and cleared for action. After the Detroit took position, boat from one vessel running line preparatory to haul in was fired upon with muskets from in- surgent ship. Detroit returned fire with six-pounder, shot striking under her bow. Insurgents fired broadside gun (s) leeward. Later, insurgents fired broadside gun over American merchant vessels. Detroit re- turned fire with musket (7), striking imsur- gent stern-post. Passing by insurgent, he was hailed, saying, “If you fire again, I will return your fire, and if necessary, will sink you.” Detroit anchored to command both vessels, one merchant vessel having been carried to new position near wharf and tug having offered services, gratuitous- ly, to discharge cargo. Insurgent leader was notified these vessels would discharge from the present positions, but that my determination was not changed—to give American merchant vessels full protection to the wharf, if they desire to go." ‘The Minister's Account. The following cable message was received from Minister Thompson last evening, dated Ric de Janeiro, January 31: “Had an interview with (Benham). He has reported the action fully to (Navy De- partment) yesterday morning. The squad- ron got under way, cleared for action, ‘and having notified city and insurgents of his in- tention to protect by force if necessary and place alongside of docks any American ves- sels wishing to go there. Detroit took po- sition best afforied to protect, with orders that if the vessels were fired upon to re- turn fire. A boat from one of the Ameri- can vessels running line preparatory to hauling in was fired upon from insurgents, but was not struck. Detroit returned fire with six-pounder, which struck under bows of insurgent cruiser. Insurgent then fired broadside guns to leeward, and later De- troit returned fire, muskets striking insur- gent’s stern post. “Passing by, Detroit comnfnder hailed in- surgent vessel, telling him that if he fired again Detroit would return fire and if necessary sink him. One of the American vessels having now been carried into new position near dock, and tug having offered services gratuitously to discharge cargoes of all, insurgent cruiser’s leader way nott- fied that the vessels would discharge from the positions they were then in, but that the determination of the commander-in- chief of the United States squadron re- mained unchanged to give American ves- sels full protection and place them in their berths at docks if they so desired. Later Detroit was withdrawn and squadron an- chored. Benham has uot interfered in the least with military or naval operatiens of either side, nor is it his intention to do so. A Firm Policy. “He has notified insurgents that {t is his duty to protect Americans and commerce of the United States and this he intends to do, and says American vessels must not be interfered with m their movements, but they must take the consequences (when) getting in the line of fire where legitimate hostilities are actually in progress. Until belligerent rights are accorded, insurgents have no right to exercise authority over American vessels or property. Right of insurgents to search neutral vessels or to seize any portion of their cargoes is cenied, even though they be within the class which may be defined as contraband of war dur- ing hostilities between two independent governments. Forcible seizure of such ar- ticles in the present status of insurgents would constitute an act of piracy. “Since the effective action of Monday everything is quiet. Attempted blockade to commerce and trade is broken and the events move smoothly. All foreign com- manders concur as far as I am advised.” Wearly all the Testimony Supposed to be Now In. It May Be Some Time Before the Com- mittee Will Be Ready to Report. There will be very few, if any more, wit- nesses before the Senate Hawatian investi- gating committee. Senator Morgan, chair- man of the committee, said today that so far as he knew at the time no others would be summoned. There might, however, be other persons in the country whom mem- bers of the committee would desire to have called, but the number would not be large and he felt justified in saying that the hearings were drawing to a close. The Senator also expressed gratification that the end was in sight, as the work has been a tedious one and more prolonged than was at first contemplated. It is not probable that the committee will arrive at any conclusion for several weeks, as with the conclusion of the testi- mony begins the committee's duty of prop- erly weighing and passing upon it as to the facts and of investigating the law and the precedents. The resolution under which the committee has been sitting authorized an inquiry and report upon the alleged irregularity of the diplomatic relations of this country with Hawall. Range of the Testimony. The testimony taken covers the points bearing upon the conduct of both Stevens and Blount, and constitutes the facts upon which the committee will base its report. It will be necessary for the committee now to go into the law and to search the pre- cedents to determine whether upon the facts presented Mr. Stevens transcended his duty as minister and whether the ap- pointment of Mr. Blount was regular. As the members of the committee are known to entertain quite varied opinions upon these points, which it is hardly pos- sible will be changed by the investigation still to be made, the time necessary for ar- riving at a Conclusion may be quite distant. Senator Morgan said no report would prob- ably be made for ten days or two weeks, and his estimate is more likely to be too short than too long. What the report will recommend to the Senate no one can say. It is not unlikely that there will be two reports and perhaps three, for it is hardly considered probable that a patch work could be agreed upon which would harmonize the views of all the members of the committee, Yesterday the committee examined Dr. N. B. Delamater, Dr. F. R. Day and Rev. R. R. Hoes, the testimony of all being favor- able to the provisional government. Favorable to the Provisional Govern- ment. Mr. Hoes is a chaplain in the navy and is at présent chaplain of the naval home in Philadelphia, He is an archaelogist, and was in Hawaii on leave at the time of the revolution. The impression he formed of the’ events at the time was that the révolution was justified. Dr. Day was, at the time of the revolu- tion, and had been for six years, a practic- ing physician in Honolulu, and took part in it. He defended the course of his friends as in every way justified by the conduct of the queen, and scouted the ffea that Min- ister Stevens did any ipink 80 promote Fi 24 Dr. Day said he bad been the revolution, 5 family physician of several of the revolu- tionary leaders, including Vice President Damon and Chief Justice Judd, and he was sure that none of them knew previous to the landing of the American troops what position Mr. Stevens would take. Dr. Delamater is a resident of Chicago, but was in Honolulu at the time of the revolution, and had been there for several months previous. He appeared, from his statements, to have been very active in his efforts to keep track of the course of events. He exonerated Minister Stevens from the charge of conspiracy, and said was confident that the latter had no knowl- edge of pending events before he went away on a cruise on the Boston, The Queen Brought About the Dis- turbance. ‘The queen had brought about the dis- turbance, and all the excitement, which was intense, followed her announced de- termination to change the constitution. Threats were freely made by herself and her adherents against any one ipteriering with her plans, which had the effect of uniting the opposition solidly. Rumors of threats to burn houses and do other dam- age were rife, and representatives of both sides seemed to desire that the American troops be landed. He heard several royal- ists say they had asked Mr. Stevens to land the Boston marines. On the contrary, while the leaders of the revolutionary party were desirous that the Boston forces should be brought on shore, the hot heads of that party did not wish this done, because they wanted a battle, so sure were they of their strength. They numbered double the queen’s forces. The witness was sure the revolutionary forces would have succeeded if the United States troops had been a thousand miles away. Seni rene Seis Yee Se Ir IS DOUBTFUL. Census Employes Re- gard the Prompt Close of the Work. Despite the active steps taken by Super- intendent of Census Wright to complete the work of the eleventh census before the be- ginning of the next fiscal year, to which the time for completing the work was re- cently extended, census bureau officials do not believe all the work will be com- pleted then. Conferences between the su- perintendent and the chiefs of divisions are held almost daily, and the chiefs are fre- quently questioned as to the probability of completing the work in the time estimated by them. There are yet almost a thousand employes at work in the office. Forty-eight dismis- sals, which were ordered yesterday, took effect today. The agricultural division is expected to be abolished before the Ist of March, and the manufactures division, with several hundred employes, will follow within several weeks. . Superintendent Wright expressed confi- dence today that practically all the results of the census work will be in the hands of the force of the government printing office before the end of June. The pressure of work at that office, however, will probably cause @ great delay in the official publica- tions, + 2+—_____ DR. HARTIGAN’S DEATH. A Cable From Trieste, Austria, Brings the Sad Intelligence, A cable message was received this morn- ing by Mr, C. M. Heaton, jr., announcing the death yesterday at Trieste, Austria, of Dr. J. F. Hartigan, the United States con- sul there. The news will bring great sor- row to the large circle of friends in this city. Dr. Hartigan was given a foreign ap- pointment by the last administration. He had been for a number of years deputy! coroner in this city and had a large private practice. He was a man who made many friends and was greatly liked. For some time past he has been suffering from heart disease, and it is supposed that death was due to that cause. —_——__ Cardinal Gibbons at the House. Cardinal Gibbons was one of the distin- guished visitors to witness the debate today. The cardinal arrived shortly before noon and was escorted to Speaker Crisp's private room, where he was received by the Speak- er, Representative Cockran and other mem- bers. Afterward he was given a seat in the Speaker's gallery, overlooking the floor, Mr, Reod of Maine Speaks His Mind on the Wilson Bill. HE CLOSES THE GREAT DEBATE TODAY The Effect on Wages and the Farming Class Discussed. ENGLAND’S ONLY RIVAL Mr. Reed of Maine made today in the House the closing speech of the debate on the republican side, At the outset he said that in this debate, which has already ex- tended over many weeks, one remarkable result has already been reached, a resuit of the deepest importance to this country. That result is that the bill before us is odious to both sides of the House. It meets with favor nowhere, and commands the reapect of neither party. On this side we believe that while it pretends to be for Protection it does not afford it, and on the other side they believe that whiie it looks toward free trade it does not accomplish it. Those who will vote against this bill will do so because it opens our markets to the destructive competition of foreizners, and those who vote for it do it with the reservation that they will instantly devote themselves to a new crusade against what- ever barriers are left. Whatever speeches have been made in defense of the bill on the other side,whether by gentlemen who were responsible only to thefr own constituencies or by the gen- tleman from West Virginia, who ought to have been steadied by his sense of responsi- bility to the whole country, have one and all, with but rare exceptions, placed their authors uncompromisingly, except for tem- porary purposes, on the side of unrestricted free trade. It is evident that there is no ground for that hope entertained by so many moderate men, that this bill, bad as it is, could be a resting place where cur manufacturing and productive industries, such as may survive, can re-establish them- selves and have a sure foundation for the future, free from party bickering and party strife. Hence, also, there can be no foun- dation for that cry, so insidiously rai: that this bill should be passed at once, cause unceftainty is worse than any bill can possibly be. Were. this bill to pass both branches today uncertainty would reign just the same. The Underlying Principle. This result was inevitable. Although this bill professed to open to the manufacturers | new ere. of prosperity, and professed to be made in the interest of some of them, the moment it came to be defended on this floor the great bulk of it could not be de- Yended on any other ground than the prin- ciples of free trade. Hence, in this discus- sion, the precise terms of this proposed act count for nothing, and we are left to the discussion of the — which underlie the whole question. question may not be decided here and now upon these Principles, but the ultimate decision by the People can have no other foundation. 35 ether the universal sentiment in favor of protection as applied to every country is sound or not, I do not stop to discuss. ‘Whether it is best for the United States of America alone concerns me now; the first thing I have to say is, that after thirty years of protection, undisturbed by any serious menace of free trade up to the very year now last past, this country was the test and most fi nation on the the shad- upon it, with mills closed, with hundreds of thousands of men unemployed, industry at a standstill, and prospects before it more gloomy than ever marked its history—ex- cept once—this country is still the greatest and the richest that the sun shines on, or ever did shine on. “Nor have wein any way exhausted the future. This country is ten times more capable today for further development than it was in 1860. “So utterly undisputed and so distinctly visible to every human being in this audi- ence has been our growth and progress that whatever the future industrial stem of this country may be, the past system is a splendid monument to that series of suc- cessful statesmen who found the country bankrupt and distracted, and left it first on the list of nations.” Mr. Reed, speaking of taxation, said that taxation is not so dreadful. It is not bad to support an army, to keep a navy and to do government work, but to return a bar- barian queen to an abandoned throne it would be dreadful. Paradise for Labor. Mr. Reed here quoted at length from Eng- lish authorities, showing the strength of their confidence in the prosperity of this country, “These quotations, also, are only reminders, for you, Mr. Speaker, and all who hear me, know that the American who has been long enough here to know his op- portunities has found the best place for wages in the world. “We may safely assume then, Mr. Speaker, that a country which has become in the last thirty years the “richest country in the world,” to quote Mr. Jeans, a country which during all that period was a “paradise for laboring men,” does not need to try any dubious experiments. “What are the reasons why any change of principle should be had? “Of course, we are not to change the his- tory of the last thirty years and the princi- ples of a hundred years because some gen- tlemen specially gifted with sonorous voices have distrtbuted epithets. We are not going to risk our all upon such fragments of an- cient platform speeches, upon loud outcries and abusive language. There must be ad- dressed to us some solid arguments, or at least the opinions of wise men, who have proved their wisdom by the actual test of human life. “Ig there any example in the history of the world of any nation situated like ours who has taken the step to which we are invited? “Some gentiemen,perhaps,are hastening to say that England affords us the needed ex- amphi hat we have but to turn to her his- « WAGHINGTON, D. C., . THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 1894—-TWELVE PAGES. Che Evening Star. TWO OENTS. f Am in@ex to a@vertise- ments will be found en Page 3. none. Her coal and iron, and the invention of the steam engine had developed her manufactures so out of proportion to the ‘wages of her workmen that she must have a larger market. At that time the only idea of a larger market was one that had made food dear. Repeal of the corn laws meant an increase of real wages. Repeal of tariff on manufactures meant eee The whole crusade of 1840 was for free fi and Cobden nowhere says anything else. a gh erg me sense, is never mention any of free-trade speeches. “After this review of the story of Eng- land's change, will any man dare to say that he finds therein any justification for {be present deed of violence which is called the Wilson bill?” “Suppose mages. instead of being a lit- tle Island in sea, had been the haif of &@ great continent full of raw material, cap- able of an internal commerce which would Fival the commerce of sil the rest of the worl “Suppose every year new millions were flocking to her shores and every one of those new millions in a few years, as soon as they tasted the delights of a broader life, would become as gzeut a consumer as any one of her own people. “Suppose that these millions and the 70,- 000,000 already gathered under the folds of flag were every year demanding and receiving a higher wage food beyond all her spent 80 much money that whether wheat was 60 cents a bushel or twice that sum hardly entered the thoughts of one of them except when some democratic teriff bill was paralyzing his business. “Suppose that she was not only but a can- non shot from France, but that every coun- try in Europe had been brought as near to those countries skilled en, her industrial labor forty per cent cheaper. Su} Ppose un- der that state of facts, with all her manu- facture! rs proclaiming their disapproval, England had been upon by Cobden to make the plunge into free trade, would she have done it? Not if Cobden had been backed by the A: Host. History gives England credit for great sense.” After quoting statistics to show the great rise in wages since 1860, Mr. Reed con- tinued: “The truth is, that this very ques- tion of wages is what makes a good many men free traders. People with fixed incomes think that anything which raises wages is inimical to them, and manufac- ——s who have Mrcingy as markets are natur- ly anxious to have wages on foreign standard. - ‘Wages a Vital Question. “I confess to you that this question of wages is to me the vital question. To in- sure our growth in civilization and wealth, we must not only have wages as high as they are now, but constantly and steadily increasing. This desire of mine for con- #tantly increasing wages does not have its origin in love for the individual, but in love for the whole nation.” Mr. Reed eulogized the American market as being the best in the world, owing to the high wages paid here, enabling working pape purchase largely of the comforts fe. Instead of ‘increasing this market, he said, by leaving it to the steady increase of wages which the figures of the Aldrich 80 and we have grown great and rich thereby. The gentleman from Lilinois, 4 has noticed that men come here, ant is does not want them to come; hence he is that our wages shull be lowered to keep people away. Well, this is not the time to discuss immigration; but while the People are coming I am glad they have not yet imbibed the gen:leman’s ideas and have Rot yet begun to clamor for lower waxes. “To sum it up, if this gives us money and men, and our vast country needs both, it may show why we have so wonder- prospered. If it does, I am inclined to think that the way to have two jobs hunting one man ts to keep on making Lew mills and try and prevent the committee probate and means from pulling down old As to the Farmer. “But what do you say as to the farmer? Well, on that subject 1 do not profess any special learning, but there is one simple statement I wish to make and leave the question there. If with cities growing up like magic, manufacturing villages dotting every eligible site, each and all swarming with mouths to be filled, the producers of food are worse off than when half this country was @ desert, I abandon sense in favor of political economy. “One other thing I have noticed in this debate. When the gentleman from Kansas, Mr. Simpson, gets a iittle money ahead he does not put it in stocks in these im- mensely profitable manufactures. He has too much sense. He adds this to his farm, and has told us so, Example is richer than precept. “If the hope of agriculturists is in English free trade, they had better ponder on the fact that while the wages of artisans have increased in England {2.43 per week since 1850, the wages of agricultural laborers have only increased 72 cents, and while the Lancashire operatives in the factories live as well as anybody, except Americans, the agricultural laborers are hardly better off than the continental peasantry. Hng- land’s example will not do for agriculture. “Here let me meet one other question, and let me meet it fairly. We are charged with having claimed that the tariff aicne will raise wages. “We have never made such @ claim in any such form. Free traders have set up that claim for us in erder to triumphantly knock it over. What we do say is that where two nations have equal skill and equal appliances and a market of nearly equal size and one them can hire labor at one-half less, no’ but a tariff! can maintain the higher wages, and that we can prove. “We are the only rival that England fears, | for we alone have in our borders the pupu- lation and the wages, the raw material and within ourselves the great market which insures to us the most improved machinery. Our constant power to increase our wages insures us also continuous progress. if you wish us to follow the example of ing- land, I say yes, with wll my heart, but her real example and nothing less. Let us keep protection, as she did, until no rival dures to invade our territory, and then we may take our chances for a future which by that time will not be unknown.” —————+e—___ Indian Education. The relative condition of educational tory and find all that we need by way of | Work among the Indians is shown in a examples, just as in the stat its of her political economists we shall find all that is necessary for advice, for guidance and in- struction. Mr. Speaker, I have looked thi and I am amazed to find how little the ex- ample of England can teach.” The Case of Englan After reciting the history of English tariffs and their relation to wages paid in that country, Mr. Reed said: “To sum this | tend school by the government would re all up, England, when she became free |Sult in a small attendance. The total en- trade, was a workshop, wherein was manu- factured the raw material of the rest of the | enrollment 13,600 world, Of rew material she bereelf had ment tabulated statement prepared at the in- dian bureau, covering the quarters ending December -31, 1892, and December 31, ASUS. | The tothl average attendance at ail the schools was 16,810. This was an increase of 2,105 over the previous year despite the fears that the order made early in the Present administration providing that no, Indian children should be compelled to at- | roliment in 1583 was 1¥,221, an increase of 1,716 over the previous year. Of this total is credited to govern- and training schools the | speak as if it were a pleasure to talk and THE GREAT DEBATE Closing Arguments on the Wilson Tariff Measure, PARTY LEADERS THE SPEAKERS TODAY Ex-Speaker Reed Advocates the Re- publican Policy of Protection. SPEAKER OCRISP’S REPLY H a H siti their heaviest ordnance attempted down the bulwarks of adverse and shell the enemy from his In anticipation of the final had H and expectant audience the galleries. Upon the floor of the the members were in attendance, every upon the roll of the House, probably, who is in the city and well enough to get to the Capitol. rf An Impressive Scene. No more impressive scene has been wit- nessed in the House in years than occurred within the closing hours of this afternoon, In point of interest the proceedings out- ranked those attending the passage of thé Ree il Attention Paid Him by Every When at last the blew itself out and a caim settled House Mr. Reed straightened and faced the Speaker. morent was silent and vast and distinguished audience upon the man from Maine. There half a dozen vacant chairs within circle of seats facing the Speaker's The chairs were occupied by mem! the House, and, democrats and republicans alike, the occupants turned to face the man who was making the last appeal for Protection. A circle of eager and i Mr. Reed Grows Eloquent. faces peered over the green baize curtains at the rear of the seats, where Senators and distinguished officials, who were ac- corded the privileges of the floor, together with ex-Congressmen and ladies, were gathered to catch every word which fell from the lips of the man from Maine. Never within the recotiection of the oldest inhabitants of the press gallery had @ | larger, a more attentive or a more fatter- ing audience faced a speaker. Mr. Reed began hie remarks in a tone which, while not particularly loud, was clear, and every word rang out clean cut and distinct and audible in every corner of hail. Without effort he seemed to labor for him. He faced the democratic side of the House, the greater pert of the time adjusting his remarks vo those on the opposite side of the sisle which marks the political division of the House. Not Talking for Applause. If there was any one thing more ap parent than another as his speech pro- gressed it was that Mr. Reed did not want applause, that he was not speaking for the plaudits of his colleagues and did not seek or care for marks of approval. Several times he raised his hand in deprecation of outbursts of applause. Mr. Reed spoke without notes and without apparent reference to his memory. Only occasionally did he have recourse to of paper upon his desk, to read