Evening Star Newspaper, October 25, 1893, Page 6

6 THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGION, D. ©, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1893—TWELVE PAGES. For Bu Co NAVAL GRONANCE (ore es on | NE SEL WrTioUT cen | err Se ees | menor van oe soem meee ol AD LDS. . La Grippe, Bronchitis, Croup. Whooping Cough, Asthma or any disorder of the Throat and Lungs, the best medicine 1s AYER'S CHERRY PECTORAL. It isthe favorate anodyne with singers, actors, preach- ere and teachers. “Some ten years ago I had s bad cold which settied om my lungsand was so ill as to be unable to work. I >egan to TAKE \YER'S CHERRY PECTORAL, and in less than hreeweeks I was cured. I am quite sure that this separation saved my life.” M. T. POMEROY, Calais Me. “*I take pleasure in voluntarily stating that of all be medicines I ever used for fresh colds and la grippe AYER'S CHERRY PECTORAL is pre-eminently the aost potent remedy. Ordinarily the most virulent ld vanishes ins night asif by magic. Follow the directions and AYER’S CHERRY PECTORAL wil ao the rest.” GEO. H PIKE. ‘Cadiz. Ky. AYER'S CHERRY PECTORAL Prepared by Dr. J. C. Ayer & Co., Lowell, Mass. PROMPT TO ACT, SURE TO OURE MALARIA CURED AND ERADICATED FROM ‘the system by Brown's Iron Bitters, whi chen- Fiches the blood, tones {ion Acts Itke s charm on persons in health, giving new energy and strength. THE MODERN MIRACLES OF HEALING WHICH Pills, should ‘receive the closest investiga- ton by sick people and their friends. ja23-m&wly WOODBURY'S FACIAL SOAP of 30 years’ experience treating the Skin. ex clear ‘ai 4 a A COMING ROYAL MARRIAGE. Prince John of Saxony and Princess Maria Wuertemberg. From the New York Tribune. Among the interesting marriages to take Place soon between members of the reign- ing houses of Europe is that of Prince John George of Saxony and the Princess Maria Isabella of Wyertemberg. The engagement was announced a few weeks ago in the lovely town of Gmunden, on the northern end of the Traunsee. The scions of, the royal house of Saxony, whose chief is now one of the most vener- able rulers on the continent, have been unusually fortunate in their selection of wives, and the last one who has made his choice is no exception in this regard. Prince George came of age three years ago, having been born at Dresden on July 10, 1869. He is the second son of Prince George, the only brother of the reigning monarch. His mother, a woman famous for her beauty and spirit, was Maria Anna, Infanta of Portugal, who died, much to the regret of her brother-in-law’s subjects, on February 5, 1884. The young man, like all the princes of the Saxon house, received an excellent education, differing in no way from that of the well-to-do sons of Saxony. After visiting the gymnasium, where he had a thorough training in Latin, Greek, literature and the modern languages, he was sent to the universities of Frieburg in the u and Breslau. He was popular at both institutions among the students, took part in their frivolities and sat with them on the hard benches of the auditor- tums, listening to dry and learned lectures on law, philosophy and political science. He was an earnest student, and took ad- vantage of the opportunities to prepare him- self for a possible succession to the throne of his uncle. Naturally, he entered the army as a lieu- tenant in the tirst royal schuetzen regi- . No. 108—where so many of his rela- tives had served—and began the life of an officer with glee. In 1887 he was promoted one apd transferred to the cavalry guards. to which he still belongs as Ritt- meister and leader of the fifth division. The prince is a younger brother of Prince “Max” of Saxony, who startled the diplo- matic and political world of Dresden a few months ago by renouncing a brilliant mili- tary career and entering the monastery of Eichsfeld to become a priest. Various storie: are still told in Germany to explain the step of the clever young man. One is that he was disappointed in love and decided tc lve the rest of his days in seclusion. An- other explanation is that he fell under the influence of one of the Catholic bishops, whc persuaded him to devote his life to the work of the church. Certain it is that he was always of a studious disposition, and when at the university was more interested in the lectures on theology and mysticism than in those marked out for him by his tutors. In the regiment he was unpopular and preferred to spend most of his time with his books than with his comrades in the garrison. He may be seen now almost any day at Eichsfeld, clad in the garb of a priest, with closely cropped hair and hood. He is, of course, destined to have a brilliant career in the church, and there is talk of making him eventually the spiritual and civic head of the province of Alsace-Lorraine after the manner of the church electors of other days. He is already popular in the province, and it is argued that, being a Catholic, he would have great influence in overcoming the opposition of the people—still consider- able in places—to the new regime. His de- cision to enter the church brings Princ: George one degree closer to the throne and thus gives additional interest, in Saxony, at least, to the young man’s choice of a bride. Princess Maria belongs to the Catholic branch of the Wuertemburg ‘house, nearly related to the present king. She was born August 30, 1871, and is the daughter of Duke Philipp of Wuertemburg and the Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria. She is well educated and clever. Her beau- ty is not remarkable. Neither is that, for that matter, of many of the European princesses. But she has a kind, open face, with a heavy head of hair, evebrows well arched, a square forehead and small, blue eyes. The lower part of her face is heavy, and her full, rounded chin is indicative of an energy which her future husband seems to lack. The prince is a good-looking young man, resembling more, however, a college tutor than the ordinary successors to thrones. His forehead is full and high, his nose long and straight. His chin retreats some- what from the line of his forehead. A faint mustache covers the upper lip. Arrangements for the wedding have not been completed, but the marriage will be celebrated with great brilliancy toward the close of the winter in all probability. —_——+e+ USES OF ALUMINIUM. Making the Soldier's Burden Lighter— A Bridle Bt From the Baltimore American. Aluminium, the comparatively new metal which has only recently been manufactured at a sufficiently low cost to warrant its pro- duction for use in the arts, has lately re- ceived a new application. The idea was sug- gested by the German soldiers complaining that their baggage was too heavy for them to carry on the long excursions which they were forced to make. The oppressiveness of their burden they accounted for by the weight of their cooking utensi's. Several months ago aluminium cups, frying pans, etc., were introduced, and the experiment was so successful that they are coming into use there to replace the older iron utensils. A representative of the American visited Fort McHenry yesterday and had a talk with one of the lieutenants, who was the officer of the day. He said that he had not | heard of any such innovation in the rank | and file of the United States army, as the men were only forced to carry a frying pan, tin cup, knife and fork, the weight of which amounted to little. When asked whether the new metal was used in any capacity in the army, he said that an aluminium bridle bit was made some time ago out west by Lieut. W. C. Brown of the United States cavalry, but concerning its success he had heard nothing. He said also that there was some ta:k about an aluminium sword being experimented with, but he knew nothing about it further. Aluminium in its pure state is unfit for use in the arts owing to its extreme softness, but when it is alloyed with some harder metal it unites to form a compound almost as hard as steel, with as much power of resistance, and of wonderful lightness and durability. The metal mostly used with it is copper, they together form- img what is known as aluminium bronze. Report of Capt. Sampson, Chief of the Bureau. WORK ON HIGH-POWER RIFLE GUNS. Batteries for Several of the Cruis- ers Prepared. TORPEDOES ACCEPTED. The annual report of the chief of the bureau of ordnance, Capt. W. T. Sampson, to the Secretary of the Navy, made public today, contains a vast amount of informa- tion as to the doings of the bureau, as well as recommendations for a number of im- portant changes and innovations. Capt. Sampson was detailed as the chief of the bureau last spring, and this is his first re- port. It is a very lengthy document, and when later it comes out in the form of a book it will make quite a formidable vol- ume. The report starts out in the very begin- ning by submitting estimates for the com- ing year to the tune of ever $7,000,000. These estimates are as follows: 1. Fuel, tools, material and labor, expenses of target practice, maintenance of new proving grounds, modern battery for Hartford........-.-seseeeeeeseees ++ $350,000.00 2. General repairs to ordnan buildings, machinery, magazines and appendages..........-. «+ 47,900.00 3.,Freight and miscellaneous ex- penses. ceceeeee $000.00 4 Civil yards. 26,824.00 5. Armi Militia........-0.0eeeeeeeeeee teeeee «. 25,000.00 6. Machinery for gun plant, Wash- ington navy yard..............-... 117,000.00 7. General expenses of the tor- pedo station............+.---.ss++-. 71,077.00 8. Toward the armanent of ves- vessels authorized........... se2++ 6,500,000.00 Total.. «++ 7,145,801,00 The manufacture of cast iron projectiles at the Washington navy yard has been en- tirely suspended, more efficient shell of wrought steel being supplied by private firms at about the same price. Since the date of the last report new con- tracts for armor have been made to include the armor required for all the vessels now authorized by law. These new contracts include the turret ar- mor for the Indiana, the Massachusetts,the Oregon, and the Olympia, the side armor of the Massachusetts, and all the armor for the Iowa and Brooklyn, amounting to 6,489 tons. The facilities for the manufacture and de- livery of armor at the works of each of the contractors have been materially improved, and with further improvements, al ly commenced, and to be completed by the end of the year, the country will have two complete armor plants, each fitted better than any similar plants abroad; and there will hereafter be no difficulty in supplying the armor for vessels as rapidly as it can be needed in the shipyards under any cir- cumstances of building vessels, however rapid. By the terms of the new contracts, the manufacturers are under penalties in case of failure to deliver at the rate of 250 tons each per month. Up to the date of the last report the Bethlehem Iron Company had delivered 79% tons of armor and the Carnegie Steel Com- pany 715. Since that time, partly owing to increased expertness of workmen and in part to increased facilities, the delivery of armor per month has gradually increased to @ satisfactory condition. ‘The Quality of Armo ‘The quality of the armor delivered during the last year has been excellent, all pass- ing the tests satisfactorily; some of it has earned the lowest premium for increased ballistic properties, and latterly all present- ed has shown ballistic qualities considera- bly greater than that required by the stipu- lations of the contracts for acceptance. When {t is taken into consideration that the acceptance tests are more severe than those required by other purchasers of armor, this is a most gratifying result. The armor delivered during the year has been of nickel steel. The department having thoroughly satisfied itself that the application of the Harvey process produces a more resisting armor, arrangements were made early in the year to Harveyize as much of the armor under the old contracts as was not too far advanced in manufacture to admit of the change or would not seriously delay the shipbullders. During the year the batteries of the Monterey, New York, Detroit, Montgome-y, Marblehead, Machias, Bancroft,Castine and Terror have been installed. The Monterey’s, New York’s and Banc-oft's batteries have been tested by firing trials and guns and mountings worked satisfactorily. Caliber of Guns. The reduction of the caliber of small arms continues abroad. Italy, after exhaustive trials, has adopted the 6.5mm (0.256 inch) ealiber,as have also Holland and Roumania. Five-millimeter “(0.197 inch) azms have been manufactured and tested in several coun- tries, and the weight of opinion points to a caliber of about tmm (0.236 inch) for the small arm of the immediate future. Under these circumstances the depart- ment has appointed a board, of which Com- mander Geozge A. Converse is a senior member, to recommend a caliber and sys- tem of small arm for the navy. The first report of this board, recommending a cali- ber of 6mm and stating their -easons there- for, has been approved by the department and will be found appended. It is the bureau's intention to at once have made rifle barrels and ammunition of 6mm caliber and then to call upon inventors to submit small arms on their systems fo> competitive test, the finished barrels and ammunition being supplied by the bureau at cost price. The test of a 0.30 inch caliber Gatling gun at the Springfield armory, with a new feed, positive in its action and taking the ammu- nition directly from the factory cases, has been very satisfactory. A report upon this test was made by the bureau's inspector, Ensign A. C. Dieffenbach. Submarine Boat. Congress having made an appropriation for the purpose of building a submarine boat, proposals were invited by the Naval | Department on the tst of May, and opened on the 20th of June, 18%. Mr. Baker had ready for exhibition the boat referred to by the chief of the bureau In his report for 1892, and, while the designs were under consider- ation, the board proceeded to Chicago, IIl., to witness another trial of this boat. The trial took place early in September, iss, near the entrance to the Calumet river, eff South Chicago. The boat was so imperfect that no satisfactory opinion could be based upon its perforntance, either for or against the principle of submergence and propulsion involved. Instructing Men. The report gives some detailed information as to changes in the guns of -he Vesuvius, as to the naval torpedo station, the torpedo board, and goes on to say that the instrac- |tion given to enlisted men at the Washington gun shops and the torpedo station has ¢on- tinued. It has been extended during the year by instruction on board che Cushing, where these men have served for a limited time. This vessel has been constintly em- ployed during the past six months in firing Whitehead torpedoes and much important information has been obtained regarding the care and handling of these weapons. The bureau will be prepared to nake useful improvements in the fitting of these torpe- does when another contract is :o be made for an additional supply. Naval Proving Ground. During the past year extensive improve- ments have been made in the facilities jof this station. The rapidity with which guns and mounts have been constructed, all of which are proved at this place, has greatly increased the work to be done. The armor is also being delivered with much greater rapidity and has correspond- ingly increased the work of armor testing. In addition to this, samples of all projectiles manufactured by contract for the navy are tested at the proving ground. Experi- ments on firing high explosives, also on fuses, electric firing, gun sights and much other work have been submitted to the crucial test of actual use. This has all been done by officers at the station with an energy and intelligence deserving com- mendation. The gun shops have been running at their utmost capacity during the past year. Overtime work ceased in accordance with the act of Congress. It has required the utmost exertion to supply the guns, mounts and equipments as rapidly as required by omy in all the branches of manufacture. It has also made evident the direction in which additions must be made to the plant in order to increase its efficiency and make it equal to the demands which may be gnade upon it. A Washington Yard. ‘The appended report of Commander Theo. F. Jewell, superintendent of the naval gun factory at the Washington yard, shows that on September 15 the numbers of steel breech-loading rifles manufactured and in progress were as follows: Completed September 15, 1892—4 12-inch, 21 10-inch, 21 8-inch, 127 6-inch, 6 5-inch, 4 12- inch. Completed September 15, 1893-2 13- inch, 8 12-inch, 2% 10-inch, 33 8-inch, 129 6- inch, 31 5-inch, 50 4-inch; nearly completed, 3 13-inch, 4 8-inch, 7 6-inch, 5 5-inch, 7 4- inch; assembled and partly completed, 2 13-inch, 9 8-inch, 5 6-inch, 11 5-inch, 10 4- inch; in hand, 1 13-inch, 5 8-inch, 7 5-inth. Improvements, ‘The breech mechanism shop, the improve- ment of which was begun last year, has been completed, and most of the new tools have been installed. The removal of the smaller guns to this shop for sighting and fitting of the breech mechanisms has. to some extent relieved the very crowded con- dition of the gun shop. The conversion of the mold loft into a forge shop, for which an appropriation was included in the last appropriation bill, has been begun. When this shop is ready for occupancy a much needed expansion of the gun carriage and projectile shops can be effected. An appro- priation has also been made for a new tim- ber shed of corrugated iron. One corner of storehouse No. 10 has been fitted with racks for the storage of steel. In view of the already great demand on the main boilers in the quadrangle, the completion of the new forge shop will necessitate more boiler power. The mo! feasible, and, in the end, most economical plan for obtain- ing the additional boiler power necessary is to extend the present boiler house near the pattern shop and to place in it four new boilers: The two boilers now in that location are very old and in such bad con- dition as to be dangerous. sll i ey SILENT FOG SIGNALS, A Carious Phenomenon Now Being In- vestigated by the Lighthouse Board. There is a phenomenon, hitherto unex- plained, which the government lighthouse board is most anxious to elucidate. It re- lates to the sound-carrying power of fog signals, the efficacy of which is obviously of the utmost importance for the preservation of lives and ships along the coast. The,most powerful kind of fog signal is the steam siren, which has a metal trumpet for a mouth and a boiler like that of a loco- motive for lungs, the place of vocal chords being supplied by a revolving toothed wheel, which interrupts the passage of a jet of steam through the throat of the apparatus, thus producing a frightful shriek that rises from note to note of the scale as the wheel goes faster. It is the most penetrating sound known and can be heard in calm weather at a distance of forty miles. Nevertheless, while audible at that dis- tance, it is sometimes unheard only three or four miles away. At the same ‘moment of time it may be heard distinctly at ten miles, inaudible again at fifteen miles, and once more audible at twenty-five miles. The phe- nomenon has been familiar to observers for many years. Prof. Henry, during his life- time, tried to investigate it and reached the conclusion that dt was due to a refraction of sound waves caused by the wind. One odd thing about it is that the bellowing of the instrument can occasionally be heard from the masthead of a vessel at the same time that it is wholly inaudible from the deck. Prof. Henry's theory was not correct. If it were right, the phenomenon would vary with the winds. Sometimes the sound would be audible at a given distance from the fog signal, and at other times not, according as the breezes happened to blow. But such is not the case. The areas of audibility and inaudibility remain the same constantly. The puzzle is no nearer to solution now than when it first excited attention. Mr. /. B. Johnson, secretary of the light- house board, has already devoted a good deal of study to this subject. He is deter- mined to get at the bottom of it. With that end in view he has left Washington in com- pany with Prof. H. A. Hazen of the weather bureau, their destination being Little Gull Island, off the coast of Rhode Island. They have taken with them a balloon, in which they propose to make a series of ascensions within the range of the fog signal in that locality. Thus far the belts of audibility and in- audibility for such signals have only been explored and mapped out horizontally—that is to say, on the surface of the water. Prof. Hazen and Mr. Johnson propose to survey them vertically. The height of the‘‘cone” of sound, as well as its length and breadth, hav- ing in this wise been determined, it will be possible to make a section diagram of it, or several. Thus a step will be taken toward discovering the philosophy of the phenome- non. The importance of this matter is readily understood. In time of fog the mariner de- pends on the fog signal as he does on a lighthouse dn clear weather. If he happens to get into a belt of inaudibility near to a dangerous coast, he fs lulled into a false sense of security,or, depending on the siren for his bearings, he does not know where he is. Under such conditions the usefulness of the signal is most fatally impaired. The balloon to be used by Prof. Hazen and Mr. Johnson in the experiments referred to is the same that was employed by Prof. Hazen and Mr. Ellis to make an ascension from Fort Myer in October of last year. It was inflated then with hydrogen, holding 9,000 cubic feet of the gas. Its lifting capaci- ty was sufficient to elevate the two observ- ers and sixty pounds of ballast. They de- sired to ascertain the conditions ‘of the atmosphere, preliminary to some rain - ing trials. A level of 9,400 feet above the earth was attained. Probably no balloon of so small a size ever made so high a voyage with such a load. Prof. Hazen says: “I am perfectly satis- fied that the balloon is to be the salvation of meteorology in the near future. It, will emancipate us from the thrakiom of theory and speculation which has been so serious a@ drawback in the past.” DEA RES SUPERSTITIONS ABOUT BABIES. Some of the Queer Things Ignorant Mothers Have Done for Centuries, In Ireland a belt of a woman's hair is placed about a child to keep harm away, says Babyhood, and garlic, salt, bread and steak are put into the crad’e of a new-born baby in Holland. Roumanian mothers tie red ribbons around the ankles of their children to pre- serve them from harm, while Esthonian mothers attach bits of asafoetida to the necks of their offspring. Welsh mothers put a pair of tongs or a knife in the cradle to insure the safety of their children. The knife is also used for the same purpose in some parts of Englan‘. Among Vosges peasants children born at @ new moon are supposed to have tongues better hung than others, while those born at the last quarter are supposed to have less tongue, but better reasoning powers. A daughter born during the waxing moon is always precocious. At the birth of a child in Lower Brittany the neighboring women take it in charge, | wash it, crack its joints and rub its head with oil to so’der the cranium bones. It is then wrapped in a tight bundle and its lips | os anointed with brandy to make it a full Breton. The Grecian mother, before putting her child in its cradle, turns three times around before the fire while singing her favorite song to ward off evil spirits. In Scotland tt is sald to rock the empty cradle will insure the coming of other occu- pants for it. The London mother places a book under the head of the new-born infant that it may be quick at reading, and puts money into the first bath to guarantee its wealth in_the future. The Turkish mother loads her child with amu'ets as soon as it is born, and a small | bit of mud, steened in hot water prenared | by previous charms, ts stuck on its fore- head. In Spain the infant's face is swept with a pine tree bough to bring good luck. —___+e+- Ry the Sent of His Trousers. From the Chicago Evening Post. “You can’t mistake him,” sald the excited mother, who was describing her lost boy to the desk sergeant at the police station. “He has a big, gray patch on the seat of his trousers.” “Did he have on a coat?” asked the ser- geant. “ys he had on an overcoat, but you can’t tell him by that so well, because there are lots of coats like it, but you can tell him by that patch.” “Ah, yes. You think we'll find him stand- ing on his head, do you?” ——__-+e+ ___-__ About one-third of the houses in this country are lighted by gas. Brewers and Distillers May Dispose of Their 0 :n Products. New Phase of the Liquor Law—Op! of tl Attorney of the District—No Wholesale License Required. a An interesting opinion bearing upon. a new phase of the liquor law has been sub- mitted to the Commissioners by the assist- ant attorney for the District. A brewing company engaged in the bus- iness of selling to the wholesale and retail trade lager beer of its own manufacture A Man Who Has More Costly Feminine Wardrobe Than Any Woman in Town From the Lewiston Evening Journal. Commander James Robbins of the local post, G. A. R., Cooper’s Mills, Lincoln coun- ty, in this state, is one of the prominent men of his community, a citizen generally esteemed as a man of integrity and intel- ligence. Mr. Robbins has a brilliant war record as a member of the thirtieth Maine. He has lived in the village since 1883 and is a jeweler. His house is a neat cottage house on the brow of the hill as one drives into the Mills. In the narrow front hall- way is Mr. Robbins’ bench, lathe and tools, and here you will find him placidly work- ing away at the tiny whecis and springs. af you are on suniciently intimate terms with Mr, Robbins you will find him indulg- ing in his hobby. He has one, like the most has heretofore taken out a wholesale liquor | Of us. In his case the hobby is startlingly license. Recently the Commissioners were informed that the company at the expira- tion of the present license year did not Propose to take out a license, but would continue its agency for the sale of its own manufactures. Coupled with their statement was a re- quest that the attorney for the District be asked to give an opinion whether un- der the new law a wholesale liquor license is required. After quoting the first section of the act of March 3, 1893, Assistant Attorney Du- vall says: “The act in terms exempts from its pro- visions the maker, brewer, or distiller of in- toxicating liquors who sells the same not to be drunk on the premises. ‘The Banner Brewing Company’ apparently belongs within that class which is not required to obtain a license under the act. The mere fact of non-residence does not deprive the company of the benefit of the statute. It will be observed that no discrimination is attempted in the law as between resident and non-resident maker, brewer, or dis- tiller; even if such discrimination existed, its constitutionality would be extremely doubtful. I am accordingly of the opinion, and so advise you, that for the purposes of the sale of its own manufacture, as stated in the inclosed communication, the ‘Banner Brewing Company’ is not required Ke om a license under the act of March PeRmI GS SE Ase MONEY AND CHARACTER. Methods of Carrying Cash Often an Index of a Man’s Character. From the Toronto News. If you want to know something about a man’s character, watch how he handles his money. The generous, careless man carries his money loose in his pocket—copper, silver and gold all mixed up together—and when he is going to pay for anything he takes out a handful and picks out the amount he re- quires. He seems to have no fear of rob- bery, for he is of a trustful disposition, and being perfectly honest himself, thinks most others are like him. The man who, if he has to pay a few pence, won't even take the trouble of count- ing out the amount of coppers, but throws down a piece of silver to be changed--and, by the by, he rarely counts his change—is a type of a “fool and his money are soon parted.” Perhaps a love of display, almost insepa- rable from such a character, has something to do with this. The careful man always carries a purse and keeps the gold, silver and copper in different compartments. A man like this never wastes his money; he values it as it ought to be valued, and, though not nig- gardly, is determined to have his money's worth. He quite believes that “any fool can make money, but it takes a wise man to keep it," and he is right. ‘The mean man never lets you see what money he has; when he is going to pay for anything he turns his back to you, clutches his money tight, . So to say, draws it out of his hand, placing the coins down one by one, for he is loth to part with them, even for necessaries. -Remember, the man who jingles his mon- ey, in ninety-nine cases out of a hundred, hasn’t got much. A bunch of keys and a few coppers make a good deal of noise. see ON A RUSSIAN RAILROAD. Third-Class Carringen Are More Than Ordinarily Horrible. From the London Chronicle. Mr. Stevens, in his journey through Rus- sia, made up his mind to travel one stage in a third-class railway carriage. This plan would give him information that might be useful and would also save him a little money, which he could turn over to Count Tolstoi for the starving peasants. He found the experiment extremely unsatisfactory. He says: “The third-class carriages were so dense- ly packed that there was hardly room for me, but after much scrambling I secured a seat near the door. “I shall never forget that journey. It was an awful experience. I felt as if 1 were being frozen to death and roasted alive al- termately. Outside the cars the tempera- ture was 35 degrees below zero. Inside the mercury stood at 77, a difference of 112 de- grees Fahrenheit. “Inside it was so hot that even the muz- hiks, who are fond of roasting themselves, gave signs of discomfort. The heat came from a large fron stove, which the attend- ant kept feeding with, birch firewood. As| for myself, | was melted; the perspiration poured out of every pore of my skin. “My unfortunate fellow-travelers gave vent to their feelings in groans or ejacula- tions. “Now and then the door was opened by a new arrival, and instantly the carriage would be filled w! an intensely cold air. ““Hi, you there!’ the muzhiks would call ; ‘shut the door! You are a-freezing us to death.” “A curious phenomenon sometimes oc- curred on such occasions. The cold gusts! which forced themselves in when the door was open immediately condensed and crystallized the vapor, so that we had to miniature shower of snow in the carriage. “A few of the passengers appeared really to enjoy this alternate freezing and roast- ing. They crowded about the stove. One, a tall, sturdy soldier, carrying a sword of tremendous size, crept so close. to the stove that the escaping gases made him fall down in an unconscious state, from which he was aroused with difficulty. wearing his ‘military overcoat. “At the first stoppage I bought a new ticket and went into a second-class car- riage.” —_—_+e-——_-__- College Athletics and -Soldiering. From the Pittsburg Times. There are some loud protests against the length to which college athletics are car- | ried, and perhaps they are not without rea- | son. The seats of learning are not known to the general public for scholars they make so widely as for the foot ball kickers and oarsmen who bear their name. The col- leges and universities figure In the sporting columns of the newspapers alongside of Coney Island and the training places of the pugilists. The fact is ridiculous, or would be if it were not scandalous to old-fashion- ed people. The young men claim, however, and the faculties which encourage college athletics sustain them, that these contests and the general practice of gymnastics which they develop give a training and discipline for the body, just as the study of Greek and Latin and mathematics gives to the mind. ‘The ability to kick a foot ball a great dis- tance is no more likely to be of practical use to a young man after he goes out from college than his knowledge of the Greek aorist, or his familiarity with the pons asinorum. In learning these things, how- ever, the man Is developed, and he is bet- ter fitted to do whatever his hands find to do. In the athletic side of the development, however, it is the easiest thing in the world to run to excess. It is a satisfaction to hear, in view of this fact, that the number of college students interested in military matters is rapidly increasing. There are 5,000 more enrotled in the classes conducted by army officers than there were in 1890, and if a pending bill to enlarge the number of officers on detail for the colleges becomes law, the increase will go on still more rapidly. The whole number of students under drill is 18,484, a respecta- ble army of themselves. It would seem, from this, that fondness for the art of war is growing into a passion, and that it will take firm place in the prevailing passion for athletics. The hope is thet it may. A knowledge of that art is of value to the stu- dent, and it may be useful to his country, besides the discipline that it teaches. soe Woman's Rights im From the New York Trilune. New Zealand is:the first of English col- onies to give women equal political rights with men. A bill giving them such ~ights has just become law. It gtves to all wo- men, married or single, the same. right to vote as is now possessed by men. ‘The first election under the new law will be held in December. The only other s.ate in the world in which men and women have the same political status is Wyoming, in this country. vew Zealand. He was| | picturesque, and it may be safely said that he is the most original man in the state of Maine, so far as his curious fancy is concerned. He wears petticoats. Not when he goes down street for the mail and to do his marketing. At these times he slips on his masculine pantaloons. Yet he does not wear his trousers, even, like ordinary masculinity. No suspenders for him. He wears a sort of dress waist, and his trousers are buttoned tightly about his hips. He always wears a woman's number 6 shoe, with high heels and grace- ful, slender shape. Mr. Robbins weighs something like 130 pounds, and the effect produced by those shoes peeping coyly out from beneath manly trouser legs is startling, to say the least. Mr. Robbins doen't mince or toddle and his shoes seem to fit him pretty well. He reserves his petticoats for the sanc- tity of the home circle, for the partial re- tirement of his orchard and for calls upon neighbors with whom his acquaintance ts close. Mr. Robbins isn’t squeamish about showing himself in petticoats. He enjoys wearing them; he has worn them when opportunity has presented all his life long, and he wears them scientifically, too. In the first place, there’s no half-way-business: about it. Every detail of feminine attire is there and Mr. Robbins is rightly fussy about the details. There is no woman in Cooper’s Mills who owns so many dresses of such excellent material as does the commander of the Cooper’s Mills post. He takes pride in having only the best. His lingerie is elab- orately tucked and ruffled, edged with lace and fashioned according to the most ap- proved models of any lady’s wa>drobe. The material is of the finest quality, and when Mr. Robbins lifts his skirts the eye gets a vision of ruffies, lace and “‘all such like” of dazzling whiteness and immaculate smooth- ness. : He is very partiular about: his ironing. Everything must be starched “up to the handle,” whatever that, is, and sometimes Mrs. Robbins finds he> hands full and her clothes horse loaded down }ike a pack donkey. Amazed neighbors, 10 were not fully aware of the extent of Mr. Robbins’ hobby,have been obliged to ask for more de- tails when Mrs. Robbins has laconically in- formed them that “it is Jim’s ironin: Mr. Robbins’ hosiery is of the long sort, and it is currently rumored that the stockings are hitched up at the sides. His corsets he has | made especially for his girth, and these he wears continually. His shape is fairly good, especially when he dresses up for after- noons. In the morning he wears print gowns, for he assists in the housework. Almost every morning Mr. Robbins in his print gown is seen sweeping off the piazza and whisking about the kithen. He wears petticoats at home almost exclusively, put- ting on his garb as soon as he enters the house. For afternoon wear his gowns are elaborate. Some of them are made by Mr. Robbins and some are fashioned by local dressmakers. One cashmere dress is quite a favorite, and this is frequently worn by Mr. Robbins when he promenades in the orchard. He has lots of these good clothes, all of fashionable cut, puffed sleeves, and with all the fixin’s that go to lend grace and dignity. Usually he wears an apron, and especially so when at his bench. The apron is white, ordinarily, and has a bib with ruffled straps and pockets. Therefore does Mr. Robbins present a somewhat unique appearance as he works away of ne or sits and converses with his wife. Look at the gown and you see a stylishly atticed woman. But the face is very man- nish indeed. Mr. Robbins would be marked in any crowd. His face is full, and he wears a jet black mustache that possibly owes {its color to art. His hair is long, black and curly, his voice is deep.and full, and there's nothing effeminate about him except his attire. — —----+e<______ INSTINCT IN ANIMALS, Wonderful Smartness of the Ant and of the Woodpecker. From the Loudon Spectator. ane arts vl cuecung provisions, storing anu preserving food, dumestcating and managing locks and capturing slaves are quite 4s weil understooad by animals and qsects as by man im tne earner stages of ius civilization, and show a curious anal- cgy m teu aeveiopment in the case of the jure backward among human communi- ues, Ants of the same species both have and have not learned to Keep “catce.” Lespes found a trive of black ants wuich had # uct of “cows” which they muiked uaily. but he alsy uiscovered @ nest of We same species Wich nad no Mocks. These ne pre- polieu With Sue Uf Lue wDAiuEs Used vy uta COW-Keepmig relaluls. “Oe waLs Mie swnuUy auacacu, Killed and ave them, be- having in iwe same Unprovigent manner as u doe of ausiranun “black Tenows” When preseu.ed win @ tock Or sheep. A Ade aivwa and striking instance of 1ore- dip ANd WUUSUTY exmuiled by a bird 1s that of the Calitorma woodpecker. Like oters of 18 Kind, this bird as an insect eater. Yet in view of the approach of winter it prepares a store of food of whol y different character, and arranges this with as mucn care as an epicure might devote to the stor- | age of his wine in a ceilar. In the summer the woodpecker lives on ants. For the win- | ter it stores up acorns, To hold each acorn it holiows a small nole in a tree, into which the acorns are exactly fitted, and is ready to be split by the strong beak of the climb- ing woodpecker, though too tightly held to. be stolen either by squirrets or otner birds. A reation of this woodpecker inhabits the dryest parts of Mexico, where during the | droughts it must die of starvation unless it made a store. To prevent this it selects the hollow stem of a species of aloe, the bore of which is just large enough to hold @ nut. ‘The woodpecker drills holes at intervals in the stem, and it fills it from bottom to top with the nuts, the separate holes being apparently made for convenience of access to the column of nuts within. The intel‘i- gence which not only constructs a special storehouse, but teaches the woodpecker to lay by only the nuts which will Keep, and not the insects which would decay, is, per- haps, the highest form of bird reasoning which has yet been observed. The common ants of Italy—inopioe metuens formica senectae of the Romans—if not so strangely ingenious as the gardener ants of the trop- ies, which prepare a_ particular soil on which to grow witbin their nests the fungus on which alone they feed, exhibit what Is probably the most complex form of in- stinctive industry shown by any European animal. They store up oats and various kinds of grain, making hundreds of ‘ittle rooms as granaries, of about the size of a | watch. But grain Iving in the ground natural; germinates, How the ants prevent this is not known. Probably by ventilation. as -hees ventilate their hives by~ artificial draught. All that fs certain is that if the ants are removed the erain sprouts. When the ants with to use the store they allow the grain to germinate, until the chemical change takes nlace In the material which makes {ts fermenting futce food suitable for their divestion. Thev arrest the nroress of chanve by destroving the sprovt. and use the stock of glntinons snear ona starch so ‘eft as their main food In winter. see A Sofa Pillow. From Housekeeper. So many descriptions have ‘been given from time to time, in the numerous maga. zines, of these necessary articles, and all have been so alike, and when finished the | labor and time, not counting the -noney expended, have been really greater than an. ticipated; that I venture to send direction: for making one which is both simple and unique. Take a common pillow and cover it with old gold cambric; get a piece of :lotted Swiss muslin, or, if you have any old lace curtains cast aside, take and cut out the best parts and make into a long slip, leav- ing both ends open, the slip to be five inches longer than the pillow. This covering can be readily washed when soiled, and it is inexpensive yet attractive, for white is always very dainty, and the old gold show- ing through the lace produces a novel and pretty effect. —_ -+0- At a mass meeting of workmen at Vien- na the other night a socialist named Hau- j schka evoked great cheering by declaring that if the electoral reform bill was rejected by the reichsrath there would be inaugur- ated a strike of workingmen throughout the country. iv | ‘The Profit in Dollars and Cents From the Improvement Highways. From the Kansas City Times. Many persons are accustomed, when ap- Proached with a project for road improve- ment, to put the matter off as they would a luxury “until better times.” While they ac- knowledge that better public highways would be a very nice thing at certain sea- sons of the year it never seems to have dawned upon them that to improve the roads would be an investment, just like raising higher grade stock or using improv- ed and labor-saving machinery, which would soon pay for itself. Unfortunately this class of people has been in the majority both in town and country, where solid roads are most needed, and their want of progress has seriously clogged many an enterprise of value to the community. It has long been known in a general way that no better outlay of a few hundred dol- Jars could be made by the farmer or country merchant than in building rock or gravel roads, but attempts to reduce the practical value to dollars and cents have seldom been ;made. A gentleman in Northern Indiana re- cently undertook to find out what tht farm- ers themselves thought of the matter. In answer to his inquiries letters were received from farmers in forty counties of the s' some of which were provided with turnpike and some not. Some of them took a very pessimistic view of the road improvement, and some unduly elated over the possession of splendid highways. The sveraee taken on the various propositions, however, just as the replies came in, and the result is extremely interesting. The farmers estimated that by reason of the roads already improved their lands had increased in value an average of $6.48 an acre, one enthusiast placing it at 100 per cent. If all roads were improved the in- crease was estimated at $9 an acre. So the increase of value alone on each section of land would amount to $5,760, or enough to | macadamize four miles, which is twice as much road as a section contains. That is one phase of the question. The annual loss an acre, which is manifestly too low. Ac- | cepting it as correct, however, the loss from poor roads in five years amount to $2,432 for each section, or enough to build two miles of good road at $1,216 each, which is considerably more than the average cost per mile in Indiana. The actual money value of good roads, obtained by adding the loss for not having them to the gain if you did, is $6,000 for every 640 acres, and increases by nearly $300 every year. ‘These are facts, ice-cold and not possible to contest. With good roads the farmer would make a great economy of time and force in transportation between farm and market; he would be able to take advantage of market fluctuations in buying and selling; he could do the hauling of farm products and purchased commodities in the time of greatest leisure; the wear and tear upon horses, harness and vehicles would be great- ly reduced. The market value of his farm would be greatly enhanced, so that, at lowest estimate, his 300 acres worth $2,880 more, while at least be saved every year, These | brought out by Mr. W. C. Latta nal known Paving, and they the closest attention by farmer man alike. BRAVERY is a OF THE TURKS. tt Walks Coolly Into the Jaws of Desth. From the Spectator. ‘The accounts given by the pilgrims of the way in which cholera attacked them are territle in their grim fatalism. “On June }24, two days before the Courban Batram, upward of 100,000 Mussulmans, Arabs, Turks and Indians had gathered on the sacred mount to hear the soleran address which is delivered to those who wish to become hadji. Many of the people are in the most wretched condition, and some had not even a loaf of bread.” It was here that the disease appears to have struck them, like the blast of a pois- oned wind. When next day the onward movement to the Holy City began, it was found that the ground was strewn like a battlefield with the dead and dying; and so terribly virulent was the type of infection thus engendered that it was, says the ac- count, “impossible for any living creature to approach the place.” The authorities seem, however, to have realized that something must be done, and that the bodies could not be left to rot. Accordingly, a Turkish it was sent to perform the work of burial and to re- move any of the who still lived. Never did troops in the heat of battle re- ceive a command more fraught with pertl. The risk, as it proved, was literally greater than that of facing machine guns, and the moral effect far more terrible. There are ten men who will ¢ death by bullets to one who will face death by cholera. Yet these Turkish soldiers, with the fatal- istic cout of their race, obeyed as they obeyed at Plevna. “The battalion,when it reached the mount, was 700 strong. After the work had been done 200 men only remained to go back to the coast. Five hundred of the soldiers had died of cholera.” That is, nearly three- quarters of the regiment perished in the work of burial. No doubt English troops would have done the same, but they would have been upheld by many considerations— by religious feeling and by the instinct of they moreover, have A Rest of pity very litgie, and their officers were almost certainly men with anything but a high sense of conduct. They acted merely from the most naked sense of the duty of j not flinching at a command. It was an or- der given from afer and from above, and that and fate are to*them all one. a THIMBLE A Gentleman W Kaew What He ‘Was About When Playing Frauds. From London Tid Bits. During a little pedestrian trip a gentle man came unexpectedly upon a country race course and on one portion of the ground found a thimblerig establishment in full work. Notwithstanding the remon- strances of his companion, the gentleman, | who was a bit of a madcap, insisted on | watching the game. | “Now, would the gent like to wager a crown he could find the pea?” remarked | the expert. ) “Yes,” was the reply. | The money was on both sides deposited, and the pedestrian, lifting up the thimble, —— out the juired pea and took the stakes. A second bet, “double or quits,” ended, to | the surpeiee of the expert, im she same re- | sult. ; Then a thir wager, “a pound or nothing.” | Steadied the nerves of the loser, and the trick was accomplished with great caution, The gentleman lifted up a thimble and | showed the pea, at the game time pocketing | the steke. | “s*help me.” &c. “I didn’t put it there!” | exclaimed the bewildered artist. | “No, but I always carry my own pea,’ | rejoined the man who had come out right as he went on his way with his spoils of war. —__—_+0+-_-__ “Yotty” Talk vs. English. | From the European Edition of the Herald. | Some years ago, in a small public house in Fleet street, London, a fad was hatched. | that for a time had great vogue among the | small cockneys who wanted to be “yotty.” |The fad was for the “yotsman” to show | his familiarity with things of the.sea by referring always to yachts of which he, pened to have read the name without using. | the word “the.” Thus the craft that a sea-going yachts- man would call “The Heatherbell” the Strand-staying “yotsman” simply referred to as “Heatherbell.” It was, ‘“Heatherbell will race Alice this week and next week Lily will compete with Garnet.” Yachtsmen laughed. Who ever spoke of Lord Nelson “commanding Victory,” of Columbus crossing the Atlantic “in Santa Maria” or of “the fight between Merrimac and Monitor?” It wasn't intelligent, it wasn’t English and it wasn’t, and isn’t, | sailor talk. But from being used exclusively by “yot- cockneys the mode of speech has ry. It is Field, for | instance—“‘Soprano meanwhile, getting all e could out of her lead, was closely fol- jowed by Mara, Ruby and Siren, Ruby weathering her about half way.” ‘And so on, ad nauseam. | see fe In spite of the exam such usually good authority, educated yachts. en continue to speak English, yotty” talk to the “pubs” in the and to experts at Margate. — -2oo—__ Range of the Thermometer. The following were the readings of the ther- mometer at the weather bureau today: 8 a. m., | 60:2 p. m., 64; maximum. 64; minimum, 54 ——__ The report that the Louisville and Nash- ville employes would go out on strike Decem- |ber 3 unless wages were restored to the i aon scale has been denied by the em- yy 4 tegor with pain that one reads in the due to poor roads was placed at 761-5 cents | WE CANNOT SPARE healthy flesh—nature never burdens the body with too much sound fiesh. Loss of flesh usually indicates poor as- similation, which causes the loss of the best that’s in food, the fat-forming element. Scott's Emulsion of pure cod liver oil with hypo- phosphites contains the very essence of all foods. In no oth- er form can so much nutrition be taken and assimilated. /J¢s range of usefulness has no limita- tion where weakness exists. Bowne. Now ¥ort Batty silerunesie a FOREIGN LEGISLATORS. Lawmaking is Not a Lucrative Pro- fession in France or Germany. In Germany the members of the reichstag receive no payment, but are provided with free passes on the German railways, say |the London Daily News. The same prac- tice obtains in the case of the members 6T the “Herrenhaus,” or upper house of the Prussian legislature; but those of the lower house receive an allowance—Diaten or Tagegelder—of 15 shillings a day during the session, as well as travcling expenses. France pays each of ber senators and depu- ties $1,800 a year, mirus a deduction of $1 @ month for refreshments—pour la buvette. Moreover, the members of both assemblies travel first-class and gratis on all the state railway lines and a monthly subscription of $2 enables them to travel first-class expenses, and in Hungary $1,330 a year, Including an allowance for rent. If, how- ever, we would attain the full realization of the radical i@ea in this matter we must delegate in receives a salary %.00 per annum. Washington may verily be profes- Wine and Mixed Drinks. From the Chicago Evening Post. “No. No straight drinks for me,” said. “I've quit them.” “But you drink mixed drinks?” “Oh, yes! I'll try the right kind of a mix- “A great deal, my boy; a great deal. engaged to Miss — you know.” at CONOVER. At Phi ia, on the morning of October 23, 1898. BETH H., wife of W. Conover, U.S.N.. avd daughter of the Tate Somes and Catharioe aged yearn, friends of the are respect: lovited tg attend the funeral Tong 2 o'clock, from the residence Philadel 2 CUDLIP. On Tuesday, October 24, 1893, at 2:30 eldest p.m. OLIVER HOWARD CUDLIP, eo of Wm. B. and the late Sallie J. Cudlip, aged Thasetar ot 2 o'clock from his late resi- No. ‘Mth street soutbeast. Relatives aud friends invited to attend. a Fuveral from T.rra Cotta, D. C., Thursday at 4 p.m. Friends and relatives respectfully im vited McLAY. On October 23, 1893, JPHN, beloved bus- band of Isabel Lay. Faseral from bis ‘s % Rhode Island av Tourslay at 2 p.m. > NB. 1893, at her eine ‘A. MEANS, beloved wife of Wm. A. Means, aged Gfty-sit years, (Rockville papers please copy.) 3 MEINERS. After a short illness, ut the residence of his parents, No. 707 M street northwest, op ‘Tuesday, 24, 1898, at 10 o'clock pam, LE RoY ¢., ved son of Joun and Rebecea Meiners, aged t Precious darling, he has left us, Left us, yes, forever more; detober TASSIN, At Colorado River ‘October 19, 1898, Captain twelfth “infantry, U.S.A. THOMAS. On Monday. October 23, 1893, a EMMA, the beloved wife of James ‘Thomas, aged twenty-eight years. May she rest in peace. Funeral from her late residence, 1415 Sth street gorthwest. on October 26, at 5:30 on z.t. Mass at the Immaculate ) -Charch at 9 o'clock. Relatives and friends respectfully invited to attend. XANDER. On Monday, October 23, 1898, at res. idenees 1315 Tth street northwest, WILLIE XANDBR, nineteen years and ope month, ‘only sop of Jacob and Sophie Xander. private. No Dowr Hesrrare. You know the old saying, *“He who hesttstes ts lost.” It certainly applies with great force im some things ‘When you know you are right don't hesitateto say it; when you know what you want dou’: hesitate t» demand tt. ‘When yougo to bay a bottle of CARTERS LITTLE LIVER PILLS don’t hesitate to say you want **C-A-R- T-E-R--8,” don’t hesitate to see that you get “*C-A-B- ‘T-E-R--8" and don't hesitate to refus> anything of- fered to you as *‘sameas *C-A-R-T-E-R--5'" or “jus se g00d as ‘C-A-R-T-E-R--8."" There ts nothing s» ff00d as **C-A-R-T-E-R-'-S." ‘They never fail. Don't hesitate to say #0 when imitations ani frauds are offered to you. Don't hesitate to demand the genuine CARTER! LITTLE LIVER PILLS. 4 POSITIVE CURE FOR SICK HEADACHE Small Pill. Small Dose. Small Price. je27 are od CHILDBEN CRY FOR PITCHE CasToBia