Evening Star Newspaper, June 3, 1893, Page 16

THE EVEN G STAR: WASHINGTON, D C.. SATURDAY, JUNE 3. 1893—EIGHTEEN PAGES. MAMMOTH VINEYARD. | A Visit to Senator Stanford’s Great Ranch in Northern California. A LOOK AT ITS WONDERS. Miles of Ditches and Armies of Em- Ployes — How the Men Are Boarded und Something About Their Life—Wonderfal Wine Vauits. eee Bpecisl Correspondence of The Evening Star. 4. Cal.. May 20, 1899, WRITE THIS LETTER on Senator Stanford's famous North Califor- nia ranch. I have vis- ited Palo Alto and the horse farm near San Freneiseo, but they are nothing as compared with this great estate. ‘The Vina ranch lies in the heart of the Sacre- mento valley. It is| about two handred | miles north of San/ Francisco and it comprises miles of the finest | soil in California. It contains more than 59,000 acres and it has upon it the biggest vineyard of the world. Its wine and brandy production is so great that Uncle Sam has had to put up ® donded warehouse upon it to collect his taxes,and this warchouse covers more than two acres of space. In it today there is stored more | than « million dollars’ worth of brandy, and before this can be sold the United States gov- ernment mist reecive from it the enormous sum of $600,000 in revenue taxes. The winery of this vast estate is more hike » great factory then a collection of farm buildings. Its brick structures cover acres, and from where I write the great vines cover the earth almost as far as ican see. You can ride for days over this On swect grass end the lambs among these which were born this spring uumber more than seven thousand. In another place there isa drove of nearly twothonsand bogs.and which are supplied by the Snest registered cattle and the horse de- : contains hundreds of valuable horses, some of which are worth fortunes. In ching with Captain Meintyre, the mai ranch, I happened to omething ¢ trees. and he told me that there were thirty miles of such trees along the irrigating ditches, and he said, “We have just : x thousand trees this about fri ssid “Do you call that a little pateb? men would consider it an immense orchard.” “Ob,” said he. “we hare just planted seven thousand more in the other end of the ranch SEXATOE STANYORD'S MAXAGER. our fruit crop is avery profitable one. We had last year over 11.00 and it takes an army to pick are in round numbers abot vines on the estate, and w bearing we ought to have a pro (40,000,000 pounds per year.” IF BELONGS TO THE USIVENSTr ‘This estate isa part of the proper Benator Stanford bas presented to the Loland | Btanford. Jr., University. It is worth millions and he is spending a creat deal of money from his private fortune upon it and thus increasing its value every below here is a ranch of 20,000 acres more, which is also given to the university, and his Palo Atto ranch, where the college is located, contains $,000 acres of valuable land. aS ARMY OF Wonk It takes an army of men to manage an estate like this, and on this Vina ranch alone the em- ployes range from 250 to 1.500 in number. It cost last month more than $1,000 to board tHe hands upon it. and the board biil of the work- mefi often runs up to £4,000 « month. It is interesting to know how such a farm is handlea. Exerything is syste and bus- imess-like. is divided up fnto de- partments, h has its head. and these heads take care he men under them and report daily to Capt. McIntyre. The hands ted out just like the soldiers of an and the forces are put where they will do the most good. 2 50 farm sand a like nm jost con- antiy at work, artment alone require th lion grape are in full et of about of nearly twente x ‘There are more than 360 miles of irrigating canals on the place and there are fifty $ of such . In addi- | rses and mules oremen and the fro jo Alto. There 3.2 horvo de 1 pariment | bere which bas an establishmen i Ost as Inrze as that of t! tuaining schoo! a and it takes a nt It has its for she of 2 aber of grooms an eu to manage them. Durins my todar I saw e of the most famous shorves, and took picture ° > be shipp fo the Czar of Russia ck and according to fed at 4 o'clock in the ad the young colts are worked every arts of oats a day 13 considered « horse, though the feed ia gradu- ng to their work and strength. dergarteu for fast training 4 at nor wh dogs and as .. They are never sworn ped, and they are as fricndiy as ntle as kitte: and the bai cover abou! five bund: IEW OF WINE VAULTS. ’ swho manage their own bowd and who receive go much wages and an ullowan: ¥ do their own cooking and like wine w meats. They about 600 gallons a | prefer red win h they mix with | d thers seattered over the | are other camps, the mtost of which are | furnished with Chinese cooks by the manager, d and boardat the expense br gh * mfortable rooms ef the farn and good food from a do!~ |have supper at receive from $85 to #40 a month. Th» superin- tendents get £75 month. and sv..: of the skilled men much larger salaries. ‘Ihe pay roll of this ranch runs from ten to twenty thousand dollers a month, and the rules are industry, obedience and temperance. A few Chinamen are employed upon the place, but the majority of the hands are Americans. MILLIONS 5X BRANDY. Tepent some time in going throngh the winery and the brandy vaults. Everything is menaged in the most economical and most scientific way, and the Senator is trring to prove that California will produce the best brandy in the world. He kas opened a warc- house in the east and he ships his wines and brandies away by the carloads. Daring the mouth prior to my visit he sent away 120,000 gallons of brandy, and he believes that this art of California is better adapted to the ing of brandy than of wine. Capt. Mc- tells me that the scerct of making good brandy is to take out the fusel oils, but to leave the essential oils and parts necessary to be oxidized to make it age properly, and the machinery here is adapted to that purpose. I wish I could deseribe it. I walked in and out among great hogsheads, each of which would hold as much ag 25,000 gallons, and I saw vats in which ten and twelve thousand were stored. In one room the brandy was run through coil after coil of pipes, and in another I found that it was vaporized againand again. each time losing some of its fusel oils. 5 great vate holding 3.000 gallons of brandy are used for this purpose, and outside the wineryI saw hundreds of great barrels connected with pipes into which the wine and brandy were ran dur- ing a part of the processcs. ‘the cost of the buildings of this brandy factory is more than $150,000. and they are hghted’ by electricity. ‘The coopershop of this establishment is worth notice. HOW THE VINEYARD IS MANAGED, This big vineyard embraces about six square miles of territory. The whole is laid off with perfect regulariiy into blocks of uniform size and streets of regular width, It isin fact a city of grapes. Each block contains about fourteex hundred vines, and the main streets which ran through them from east to west are forty-eight feet wide and they are ent up by avenues sixteen feet in width. There are about six hundred and eichty vines to the acre, and I ws surprised to find that the vines were trimmed down almost close to the earth Some of the vines are very old crs have just been planted. The grapes are ripe about the last ly and the pickii ° grapes begins about the tirst of They are picked in boxes holding fty pounds esc, and there are twelve thou- sand of these boxes ready for use. ‘The pi ing is done by gangs of men and bors, and at its height about a thousand men are emploved. The vineyards are plowed regularly and their eulti with hoe and harrow. en: g and everything is 2 basis, Even ia the picking of the grapes the greatest care is used. ‘The grapes are sorted as they are picked. Th: gather the grapes im pairs, each man ‘yingabox. As they go from vine to they put the bad grapes im one box and the best ones in the other, and these are used for different grades of wine or brandy. The pick ing always begins early in the day. and if the weather is very bot it ws suspended and re- sumed oniy late in tne afternoon and carried o the night, so that the pickers work tho usual number of ‘hours. A good + ought to averaze forty boxes of geapes a day, and some men can pick as much asa ton and # hal ON A CALIFORNIA Fara. rest you to know what men eat in one of these big farm boarding houses. The cooks h ont orders for just what they wa every item has to be specified. From a monthly order before me I see that consumed last month three barrcls of el of » and larze corn starch, beans, rice, sagv. ten and coffee and all the meat and vegetables wed forty minutes to cat, At to work with their teams and RS ING stop work at 6 and As far as I could see they seemed to enjoy themselves and to be « sort of happy-go-incky crowd. 1 have a base ball club of their ow: a dancing club they keep up. e of them are good boxers, but they nearly all belong to that class of workmen which you find in California, who rift along from place to ‘place, working all g the coast from Los Angeies to Seattle i to care for a home of their ter of one. A Look AT THE monsrs, I spent some time in looking at tho fine horses on this ranch. There are 333 which were brought here in special cars from the Palo Alto . and there is a race track here ofawile in length for the training of them. The kindergarten isa little pen containing a ar teack, perhaps a quarter of a mile in . and the trainer stands in the center of leng: this with a whip and cracks this at the colts as they run about it, Senator Stanford told me one day his theory as to this mode of training. Said h “I believe there aro certain muscles which the horse uses while he is going fast that are never called into play when he is making his ‘The horse which is never ¥ these muscles, nem, but they lay dormant and flabby. tion of these muscles by 5; and the colt thus acqaires his perfection. e chief thing is to prevent them overdoing. You can ruin the training of years in an hour, and the greatest trouble is in getting good trainers. My idea is to excite the colts to do their best without over exertion, and this done from day to day with any of the great horses of the day taken when they ware young would have, I believe, mado them to do better work than they are now doing.” Lam told bereat Vina that the ezar has offered to send Senator Stauford anything he wants in his stables in return for a couple of good horses from Palo Alto for breeding purposes. It is known positively what borses will be sent ussia, but the trainers here think that those picked out will be the stallion od Gift.” “Good is by Electioneor ont of a thoroughbred He has a good record and ix beautifully formed. Senator Stanford thinks that the Orloff breed would, if it couid be introduced into this country, be- come avery popular coach horse for the rich of our cities. ‘The Orloff horses are large and shows. ‘The most of themare black. ‘They possess great endurance and are noted for their fine action and their hizh spirit. ‘Yhey make good time and they would bring big prices in the United Statea. The Senator hus two magniticent coach horses at Washing- ton which are zs black as jet, and which are made very mach after the style of the Orloffs. Ido not know as to their breed, but they are one of the most valuable coach teams in the United States. Senator Stanford believes that no greater thing can be done for the farming interests of the United States than in the im- provement of the breed of our horses, He once told me that he thoaght the kind of horses he is raising here would make far superior farm horses to the heavier variety, such as the Normans and the Percherons, He thinks they ndurance, cost less to keep and ‘y will do more work inagiven time the heavier variety. His horses here as well as those at Palo Alto will be given to the university estate if he shonld die, and it is, I Link. his idea that his breeding establishment lara day and boar ike joremen will be continued, Fuanx G. Canvexres. THE MONTH OF JUNE.| It is Also Known as the Season of Roses, THE QUEEN OF FLOWERS. Honor That Has Beon Paid to the Rose From Far Distant Time— Veculiar Beliefs in Regard to It in Oriental Countries — Its Use at Weddings, Feasts and Funerals. ———— T isthe month of June. of leaves and alittle change would make it “loves and roses," which would be eminently proper, be- cause love and roses are twin sisters and June is married to both, sweet Mormons all. Jane is, perhaps, the most tenderly and fra- grantly beautiful month of the whole year. Of course the season was named for the patron goddes: of maidens and matrons, but equally, “of course.” the season was here before the goddess of heaven was born a mortal, and she knew what month would make her advent most memorable. It is the rotemonth, and it was in June the god of life, the mighty Vishnu, fond his+trae love in the heart of 2 white rose that came up ont of a milk white soa, and that is one of the principal reasons why love and roses are natural concomitants, There are dozens of legonds of how tho rose came to be born, and the creature who can’t suit one of them to his fancy must be dbttieult to please. Ono says that the life blood of Adonis produced a plant with a wondrously fragrant blossom which Venus watered with her tears and vowed to wear in her bosom for alltime. It was the white rose grown fro: the heart of her beloved. One day the rose fell from her bosom aud sho trod oa its cruel thorns, whereupon her blood dyed the white Tose red. whose beauty was only lesiring to ckanze Ler into a flower, Flo} implored the Olym creating a flower whic all flowers. Apollo kissed bb her in his nectar, Vertamuus g: Pomona tho frait-hi m Of loaves, and thus of flowers, favored of t TURKS HAVE § 5 The Turks are #0 matter of fact one + his perfume, “a gave tho born the queen OF the rose they of perspiration which fell to the ground from Mahomet. For that reason a Tu! upon or lets on Another legend tell how red and white roves | A beautiful maiden, through | ied suitor, was con- ihe flames | he ground. | mounted around her she proof of her i ace ing fagots turned to et That legend can 2 La, because it does not go on to say d the wicked over vas devoured by the fire he had kindled for the victim 0! his disappointed | | with passion, and that is why the red ros § passionste love, A prettier stor it is that when Cupid wae cou che he brought her roses, as all lovers do. day he heid a ast her cheek while his love words ed to her ears « the rose" pid's pas- | sion crimsone: n colored $ bloom | } at hes. I 1 ulash rosos | Venas has to | of tho rarely her slave and tri: ng his eweethenr' es inher check: Dut when Cupid found her at last he vent her some white roses and she kissed them into crimson, so fervent was the passion in her b The Roumantan beeamo red is very pretty also. { | te tradition of how the rose A beantitul maiden—it r seems xs though ali the maidens were beautifui then as they are now—a beautiful maiden was b iz in the! and the 6u e ko enamored of | uty that he forgot his b ss and fo three days stood still’ that be might This greatly embarrassed the princess she prayed the Lord of the universe to change her into a rose. by her purity, kissed her so ferventiy that she turned to crimson. ‘The Ghebers, or fire worshipers, reverence the rose. TI that when Nimrod threw | Abrah: lire it refused to burn hita, but turned to red roses inste: THE YELLOW Rosr. The yellow rose was once white, and it is from the German that we learn how it got its golden hue. ‘The little white rose envied her sister's blushing hues and compiaincd to her mother, Flora, that she Ins the pink rose. * whe demanded peevishl her tried to make th; nt with her worn souable child, Flora mothers do sometimg: ‘There is also a pretty lege tho rose sisters got her green la reorded that the angel of the ‘lov had worn himself out flying around ople of his kingdom, lay down to rest in the ade of a rose tree, His sleep was so rofres ing, guarded by that charming prosence, tha grateful to the gentle queen of flowers, he told Ler to ask of bim anything she wished and it should be granted. Trembling with pleasure the rose asked for another grace to enhance her loveliness. “The spirit paused in silent thonsht Whet erace was there, flo ver had not? It is . after he mong the same stn who annoyed her, and she asked for the moss to protect icr from | his passionate kisses, ‘There is no rose with- outa thorn,” goos tho old saying, but Zoro- aster says that the stem of the rose had no thorns until the entrances into the world of Ahrimanus—the evil one; the oriental theory being that the spirit 6f evil affects not ouly man, but animal and plant life as well. Accord- ing to Zoroaster the red rose is consecrated to the chief archangel Basil, another early writer, gave tho same theory credence, that the rose was created with- out thorns, but they came as mankind became pt. Another theory is that the thdra her innocence. p with the thora some way repre- OF course Cupid theory. It is said that thes sent the ating of the bees with which bis arrow is strung. Milton in “Paradiso Lost” writes of ‘Flowers of al! hues and without thorn the rose. THEMES YoR PorTs. The nightingale and the rose have always been themes for poets. and the myth originates with the Persi The Persian poet, Attar, in i ted, moans as follows: “All the birds appeared before Solomon an charged the nightingale with disturbing the rest by the broken and plaintive strains which forth all night in a sort of fre and intoxication. The nightingale is sum- moned, questioned and acquitted by the wise king, because the bird assures him that his vehement love for the rose drives | him to distraction and causes him to brenk forth into those passionate | and touching complaints which are laid to his charge.” ‘The Persians havo a roses were white until the nigh enamored of the rose,and in his strugyles to get close to her the cruel thorns pierced his loving heart and dyed some of the roses with his life blood. ‘The rose was made the queen of flowers one time when all the floral world revolted against the lotus. The lily of the Nile had been the queen | to that time, but the lazy thing slp: too much | and was too indolent to know or care what was | | Was ulso a rose lover, at Argos. the Olymhian queen was crowned with “lilies and roses. In tho festivals of Hym | crowned with roses and adorned with flowe {mingled in dances which wero in- tended to represent the innocenco of primeval times. Lucretius gives a going on in her kingdom. so the flowers deposed her and crowned the rose. ‘There is ample evidence that the rose is very old. It is mentioned in ancient Coptic manus- script, and was in the celebrated hanging gar- dens of Semiramis in Babylon, 1,200 years be- fore the Christian era, The rose was a favor- ite synonym for all that was pure and desirable in life among Old Testament writers, and Pal- estine was once a garden of roses. ‘But with the changing centuries since Solomon sang and wise men were exnited the rose hna forsaken ite haunts by bine Galilee and the placid Jor- dan, The cedars were on Lebanon, and the sacred palms stand isolated and lone, but the soft Syrian air is no longer freighted with the breath of the rose. ‘The Greeks adoted the rose and Theophrastus wrote much aboutit. Even so eminent a histo- rianas Pliny devoted a wholechanter toa deseripy- tion of the roses which the Romans used in their rites and revels with a lavisbucss and profusion never paralleled in the worl1's history. Homer in the Miad and Odyssy borrowed the brilliant colors of the rose to paint the rising sun. Ie | gave to Aurora fingers of roses with which she | mado tho air sweet, Herodotus tells of the | Macedonian gardens ‘and the magnificent rose trees of Midas. ‘The Moors who conquered Spain attached the highest value to the rose and cultivated it into a luxuriance never attained since. The Arabs loved the rose and Abu-el-Jair left a passage concerning them which is trausiated us 2 “There are roses of many colors—carnation, white, fallow or yellow, lapislazuli or sky blue. Some are of this last color on the outside and blue within, In the east they are acquainted with rose which aro variegated with yellow and sky blue, the inside of the carolla being of the one color and the outside of the other. The yellow heart is very common in Tripoli and Syria and the blue heart is found on the coast of Alexandria.” And another Arabian author with an alphabetical name chronicles a brilliant purple rose. All of which shows that Listory and legends get tangled up at times and. thnt there are instances where one is justified in doubting both. THE OLDEST Rose TRE: The oldest rose tree in the worldis in Hilders- heim, Hannover. It was planted in the year 818. ‘This rose tree came from Arabia, from the famous garderis of Caliph Haroun-Alra chid. It was brought to Charlemagne by an | ambassador from the caliph, who carried as his symbol of authority the purple banner of the | caliph, on which was the arms of his sovereign, | a roso on a field of gold. ‘This rove bush Charl d set out near his palace. It ix reluted that one day Louis the Pious knelt. under this rose bush to pri ho miseod his holy image a bnsb to seek it He found at when ho would bx: ped it the branch flew up out of his reac 1 timo it eluded him, an being deeply superatitious, ho attached sape natural powers to the rose bush and bad a mag- nificent eathedrai builtover it. From centu to century the rose bush h and fl nthe eathedral sromnd it and the ons that re ch ns of the caliph, western world gaped aghast when amnt! t $10,00) on wedding flowera, ents would biwe laughed such petty | The Roma his ears arose gourmand, ave the Howers alone cost for his guesta w rs of rosea, which rained pertures in the ce luogabal show history says some ‘edin them, bein iis roses th: of his abie to ex- ofan une . too, that this alwass oecar qnite by | sé Roman # bathed in rose water and slept upon beds made of rose | nd trod upon carpets of Toso leaves. Suyndiride, ono of the voluptaaries of that | ould not sleep comfortably i€ in his bed he found one rumpled or, When Cleoy Cilicia the flo eighicen rk Anthony in | was covered thom m in ples for This bit of of the bangaer nebes deep with roses, 9 s drawn to i irty-six gucets to w and dedicaied it to This was to seal all Venus and other goddesses ¢ present, for wine was in and wisdom out. er aft Tose was suspended above banquet be the guests were reminded that all said that a and | done was ‘under the | rose" and never to. be_repea' ce 3 tho ceilings of ba rooms had a center of painted ro this century a plaster rose was substi Tho rose ix still with ns, but the seal o has beeu The roses over the confessionals | : Charch have the old wobias adopted the whit ; 1 symbol of the ender,” since kis aluerents were compelled to help him “ander the rose AN EMBLEM OF DEVOTION. jousts and tournaments roses ievaliors as emblems of their t were em- Tn the davs of wore worn by the tion to lov ered by fair sand nlem that anying courage and that beauty reward of valor, The ancients put Lwines in crystal decanters, with roses, andr. rian Was served with rose leaves on its sparkling surface, the games wero in rioted over everything. were made of them and tho o races were half covered with no public games attended by the Roman senators x chaplet of roses was consid- edwnobie present for them. A ings are full of aliusions to the used in all the snered corer rivate fetes. ‘Tho ed the statues of Venas, jora with garlands of ros lavish of those tlowors at the and when those of Juno were celebrated rosea in public ks-and Romaus , of liebe and They were hic description of these public rejoicinga in Rome, where tho streeta were strewn with roses. Martial informs us that the most favorablo time for soliviting favors of a Roman magnate was when the luxury of revel was at its height and the voluptuary entirely given over to tho pleasures of the table “and his roses, ‘Tho crowns of roses worn by those floral epicnzes were not alto- gether for the beauty, There is well-autheati- cated authority that the wise men of medicino who catered to the aches and ills of the ancients studied most seriously to determine what kinds of flowers were most suitable for crowns, and decided that parsley, ivy, myrtlo and the ‘rose each possessed peculiar virtues for dissipating the fumes of wine. Pliny discusses this seriowly, and mentions two Greck ph; who wrage on tho subject, adding the weight of their wisdom to the solution of this grave prob- Jom, Athanwns said that a crown of roses not ouly alleviated pain in the head, but bas a very refreshing effect, ‘The custom of crowning with roses bad passed from Greck to the Romans, and it also existed tho Hebrews, who had probably bor- rowed it from some neighboring nations, either from the Egyptians or while in Babylonish cap- tivity. That it was a custom among the Isrucl- ites is attested by Solomon, who likens him- velf to the “rose of Sharon,” and in the wisdom of Solomon he ays: “Let’ us crown ourselves h rosebuds before they be withored.” A theme which has boen made much of by poets. Herrick says in this vein: “Gathor ye rosebuds w hile ye may, oe a any sale niles to wrrow will be dying." sof Spencer in the Faerie Qucen adjures youth to **Gathor the roses of love whilst yet is tims." There were times of public calamity when rose crowns were forbidden. Lucius Fulvius, a banker, who, while crowned with roses, gazed upon the Forum from his own gallery during Punie wars was sent to prison by the Ke:1- ate and kept there for over twelve years, till the end of the war. . THE WARS OF THE RosES. ‘The wars of the roses, which lasted for thirty years, had « curious connection with the queen of ilowers. The red rose had been the emblem of the house of Lancaster from the time the count of Egmont brought back a red rose of a from the war of the crusvdes in 1277. iy 200 later hot-headed Richard followers in tho temple garden, engaged in a petty quarrel, in which the one plucked a white Tose and the other a ved, calling upon those in attendance to tike sides by plucking roses. The Piantagenet chose the emblem of purity, which he afterward emblazoned on his shield. **Let him that is true-born gentleman, And stants upon the houor of his birt, Tf he suppose that I have pleaded truth, Frow off this briar piuck a white rose with me.” Somerset retorted as he gathered his red rose of Lancaster: “Lot hitn that, 14 no coward, nor no Aatterer, at dare maintain the party of the trith, Pi this thorn with ino.” Tho outcome of this rose-embroiled war proved thetruth of Warwick's prop placed the white rose of York over + Uhis braw! coday, Growa to this faction inthe teinyl Shall seud besween the red rose and the whi A thousand somis to death and deadly n The rove was greatly esteemed by the English in the middle ages, as they were both rare and costly. A bushel of roses was sometimes given for the yearly rental of a house with farming land about it, and a few ounces of rose water was nmong the New Year presents to Queen Mary in 1566. It was considered a princely gift! In France there was in olden times a pretty custom called La Rosieze. After a fete and religious exercises some time early in Jane the young girl in tie village who had the greatest reputation for beanty of character and general excellence waa crowned with roses, The custom is yet observed in Silency, and most interesting affair. In France marriage Among, neo Was Ono which compelled each tenant to furnish a bushel of roses for tho manufacture of roxe y naught bata wreath of roses. ucient siguorial rights of ¥: water for the lord of the soil. Another ancient eusiom obliged the dukes and peers of France to present roses to the parliament of Paris at cortain periods of its session. A writer thus describes the coremony: “The peer who was chosen to do the honors of this ceremony caused all the chambers of parliament to be scattered with roses and fragrant herbs and en- teztained at a splondid breakfast the presi dents, councilors and even the notaries and doorkeepers of the court. He afierward went into each chamber, accompanied by n page with a large silver basin, which contained ns many bouquets of roses'aud other flowers as thero were public ofticers, with an equal number of crowns compoasd ‘of the same flowers, The parliament also had its cultivator of roses, caiied the Rosior de Ia Cour, from whom th peors could obtain the roses for their presents EXTRACTING THE PERFt ‘The origin of the art of extracting perfume from the rose is lost in antiquity. It was cer tainly known tothe lovers of Holen of Troy, acutiosity now. ‘They cut the top froma reed and then splitting it down in- serted rosebuds and tied the whole thing up in ‘They had one theory that would be » rose cultnrists of toda t gurlie planted at the rov led to its frag The ancients used_ re all their rade « it is thus of the most fragta ina mortar ake the brains of birds well boiled and stripped of every par- Lon add the yelks of someegzs, ame pepper and and mixed it | pared: J first po vered the pot licioua fra- ha most d he whole dini est of the Sul- ath century. for him wac a 6 water, Lon the sm suit on a lake tilled with frothy oil was rve ness, attar of me in the world, is as costly as its most, and so penotr: sed flag conta ng se its fragrance to per- roves, the 1 was discove weight in rare d that when he took J s in 1187 he would not © whien | had been ce: tia 3 with rose water bs ve hundred cam: ry the ro for the pur- 4, the fourth sultan of the Man ashed ont the temple of { Mahomet IT, a would not ent uatil it roso water from Persin oso wate water and ail guests In Corinth it helps to make of Morea. In Egypt it is sprinkle it over divans, ne, dud it is offered with con- fectionery to guests, No private individual can distill roses in Egypt, and those who eulti- vate roses ary obliged to sell them at a low price to the government. BATHING IN ROSE WATER. Lishop Heber says of its use in India that he was shown in the ruins of the palace of Ghaze- poor adeep trench round an octagonal plat- form of blue, red white mosaic pavement, ‘This tr ‘bh was filled with rose er when Nawab and hix fricuds were feasting in the | middie, ‘The rose gave its name to the rosary of the Roman Catholic Church. When first given to Kk itis said to have been made of s Dressed hard into the form of roses, and when passed through the fingers emitted a delightful perfome. “Afterward these beads were carved from rosewood. ‘the little white Scotch rose is almost canon- ized by tho Scotch, who sin “Of all tt. day tS mosque of serabbed — wi to ado. In the drinking ed with it. dome is put in sprini wes dy anpoar © ot datues the Royer,” ed r By any other name would mnell as sweot.” But the rose has never tried to test the truth his heresy, ag it bears 4 ¥ language. hit is Hungarian and Polish ‘the and it is pronounced “rosa,” the Germans call it “rosen,” to t! Celts it is “thos,” the Dutch call it “rose,” the Slav. is ha, the Trisl “ros, tho Bohemian “ruozo" and ‘the Arabic ‘onasrath.” ‘Thon it changes its form to “rhoton” in the Greek. “nisrin™ in Turkish, “gal” in Porsia, and the Iicbrews em- ployed most of the alphabet in designating the queen of flowers, which fer 3,000° years has wielded the acepier, Anacreou sang ite primal birth, ‘Ohl Homer pruset ts form of grace, £ its charm > and Metastasto <ank, ome the Erowas pure E: Tt was the signal note of wart ich valued wee bright ee el Ste Gl eu ‘stive glee Tn th of Arcady. ni . And fragrance on the breeza through acs vith their s, 0 Sporting in bright sunny in. acetal beauty, wo Thon the banks of Jordan's stream Still 4 soitly on Where Judaism Te the lofty vod: ‘On time-worn Lebanon The rose is still most rie! And Wears iho cruwa fo: Isaprn Woaret, Bau — Gulana Indian Customs, From the Philadelphia Record. About nine miles above Akyma is a large vil- Jago of aboriginal Macusi Indians. They are said tobe peaceable savages, who build little grass huts and go about in puris naturalibus. Among their singular customs is that of ban- aging tho legs just below the knee and around the ankle, so as to produce an abnormally large calf, beginning the practico in infancy, as the Flathead Indians do with their heads and the Chinese with their fect. ne Fushion dic~ tates strange things even in these remote parts, ‘Their neighbors, the Caribs, follow her decrees by making a pincushion of the lower lip, by sticking into it several long, slender pins of Done or steel, resembling knitting needles, or sharp thorns where pins are unobtainable, which they remove for the exigencies of eating and kissing and afterward return to the same plaze, and sweet saniy meat.” coe Unused. From Truth. “How many stops has your new organ? “If it has one, my children have not found Plantagenet and Somerset, walking with their ju” BLARNEY CASTLE. Not the One at the Fair, but the Real Article, A YOUNG GIRL'S VISIT—-HOW BE KISSED THE FAMOUS BLARNEY STONE—17's EASY ENOUGH To DO IT NOW, BU IT USED To BE & DIEFI~ CULT TASK, The description of ‘An Irish Village” at the word's fair in Tue Stan of last week gives as one of the most interesting features “‘s faith- ful reproduction” of Blarney Castle, with its famous blarney stone. If it is as described by your correspondent it is certainly not a fac simile of the original, far-famed castle. On the stone is said to be inscribed this verse: ‘An out of order in pardament. “Tho full meaning of the Inst line of this verse is not apparent to the uninitiated Amen- can,” says the writer. Most certainly not, and to uo no one else, irish or American, as there is no such liner the verses of which this is a most atrocious miaquotation. ‘The original verse from Milliken's “Groves of Blarney” rans as follows: “There is a stone there that whoevor kisses He never miseca towrow ciequent. "Tis he may cl mober to a lady’s chamber Or vou arimber of sweet parliament Done lope to hinder him or to beirilder him. Shure he ts iigrim from the Blarney sione.” However, there is no verse whatever upon the orizinal Blarney stone, merely the inseriy tion (now illegible), giving the name of builder and the date of its erection. Cormach MucCarthy, Fortis Mi Fieri Fecit, ALD. 1446. Tho stone was clasped by two iron bare to a projecting buttress at the top of the eastle sev- cral feet below the level of the wall, so that the person who wished to kiss it had to hold on to the bars and project bis body forward in a most risky fashion, while the guide, for a shilling fec, heid on to his feet. THE OLD WAY OF KISSING THE BLARNEY STONE. ‘The Irish guide, who is full of quaint stories, tells one of a mean man—presumably a Seoteh- man—-who refused to pay the regulation shill- ing: 0, after mach haggling, the guide agreed to hold him over for sixpence. but after getting the unfortunate miser suspended 'twixt heaven and cath, bead downward, he refused to pull Lim back until the other sixpence was promised, However, this custom has been abolished siace an accident some four or five years ago, when some rural aspirant for oratorical glory (or may be only flattery to win the girls with) fell in his effort to kiss the stone, and was only saved by being caught in the trees below. “Ho was a bit dhrank,” said my informant, nd the Lord looked afther him as He do the childer, for he wasn’t kilt nor yet hurt so much, but it's'a bit queor he is in his bead since.” After this the stone immediately behind the Dlarney stone was removed and a grating sunk, so that by stepping down a couplo of feet into the gratinj Jing and pushing one's head ont, you ean, by turning up your face, kiss the bottom of the magie block. Spikes have been placed at the top of the wall to prevent any venturesome stranger from try- ing it in tho old fashion, although no one would, of course, take the trouble and risk when their a be attained so much more easily. Whon we first went to Ireland and started in our “jaunting car” for Blarney Castle, along the beautiful rond bounded on one side by stone walls and flowering hedges and on th other by “the plensant waters of the River Lee, Iwas unaware of the change in the kissing program, and bad fully malo up ms mind to ccomplish the feat with all its attendant didi- cultica, As I drew near the place and saw tho tower rising high above the trees my courage bei ‘0 ooze out at my finger tips as I reflected that the stone was jast uuder the coping at the very top, 120 fect high, and thought of the depths below. “Do you think I can kiss the Blarney stone, river?” I ventured in a hesitating tone to the jarsey of our car. “To bo sure you can,mias, and it’s very much inifited it will be by it,” replied that son of Erin, who hadn’t lived to near the source of blarsiey ali his life for nothing. When we reached the top, after a long climb up winding, broken and worn stone steps, the ghide told us of the change, and I kissed the Blarney stone with no other inconvenience than acrick in my neck and a ruther trembly feeling as Ikuelt on the very open iron bats whieh formed the only barrier between mo and .d very few people out of Ireland (or in it for thut matter) who knew that any change had been made, and we had a rather ludicrous nture in this connection while coaching h Scotland. On the same coach with us was a specimen of the kuow-all-Leen-everywhere-done-everything- iet,and when talking of Ircland I” asked it he had kissed the Biarney stone. “Oh, yes!" he said, “I've just come from there. Twas held over by my fect and kissed the stone, of course.” “But they don’t do that any more, you kiss the stone from rneath, “Ob!” he said,not to be abashed,“‘I bad them do it the old way. I preferred it” Which I knew was perfectly impossible. I wonder if they will bring to the world’s ir some of the witty, courtcous and obliging people one meets everywhere in Ireland. Bright and quick at repartee, they never lose an me portunity to pay acompliment or make a jol The poor class are great beggars, but a penny will bring down upon you all'the lesshuge of heaven, and. a kind word or emile ts always re- paid with interest. Rosarrz L. Braprorp. —— Bastien Lepage’s Jeanne d’Are. From the Vassar Miscellany. : Jeanne d'Are, thy face glows in my very heart! No, uot far off across the centuries, But very near; our hands ean almost touch et I would not drive thy vision hence, Bui ail vnnoticed watch in thine eyes. Jofty mountain summit didst thoa clim> To meet the Queen of Heaven; thou didst not wait The giory of dawn or sweet, calm evening. But stepping just from out thy cottage door Into the sunlight of the afternoon (iu summer's heart when spring’s light Anger- touch ‘Thrills not the soul to mysticism), there, In prostest present, there, beneath the trees, Across the oft trod grass she came to thee, Who gazed on her and heard the whispered words, “Save France!” And then for all thine humbieness, Trusting that votce went forth into the dark; Unknowing battle, bore the lilies brave First of thy troops, nor backward glanced to see How Victory, panting, sped to follow thee. And though full oon thy hero heart should ache Because France turned, because the church de- nounced, Yet glorious comfort was to thee decreed: ‘The glory of ihe fire which burns within Kindled by power not ours. So beautiful Seemed France to thee; nature and God so near ‘To wondrous tu {ts splendor was the day When to thy simple sheprerd sou! the torch Sudden was held, and all thy life famed up Into a beacon fire to ight the land Onward toward treedom. Thea, if hostile hands Mad not piled fagots, yet would the flame within, Soon have consumed its fleshly vestitare, So strong it was to heaven aspiring. O suepherd Jeanne, the saints are cold to me, ‘Heroes unberoed oft by history; ‘Yet know ! thee for hero and for saint, Nor need "mid subtle questionings thy clear words To testify thy voices were of God. For we, too, Jeaune, see visions; stepping out ‘Sust into common scenes, will trees and sky And flowers and streams ag ever they have been. Although no very shape lives in our eyes, We catch the votces that the silence hath, We see the glory of the things not scen. May our eyes strengthen for yet fuller hght, And our feet foliow where the voices lead. —GEACE EMELYN Pater. New York, June, "92, —+eo—____ Bird Stories, From the Chicaco Matl. A remarkabie west African ostrich has a1 rived at Sierre Leone. The bird is ten fect high, has come from Central Africa and walked a distance of at least 600 miles to the British colony, Edwin Caldwell of Harrisburg, N. C., has a turkey gobbler who, about three weeks ago, went into a potato patch and scratched up eight potatoes. He rolled them into a nest and has been sitting on them ever since. x George Jeffreys, who lives near Burl ° ington, C., has a covey of young partridges that came to him in a peculiar way. His cat went into the field and captured a mother partridge which had a brood of young ones. Rather than be left alono the young partridges followed the cat home and Jeffrers caught them, ee A Joint Affair. From Trath. Riverside Rives—“You could never support my daughter on your beggarly salary.” Van Dam Street—“Of course not; but I was wondering if we couldn’t—er—club together. BOYS, TRY THIS. Jast What to Do With = Person Who is Almost Drowned. ‘From the American Agviculturist. ‘My friend of the many funerals and the queer Plantation was greatly surprised upon receiv- ing the same day, from a brother and sister in the country, an emphatic hint that their re- spective boys (two each) would enjoy a sum- mer vecation with him. His responses were favorable, and soon came the answer, followed in due time by the eruption of four stalwart, live, fun-seeking boys. Diver sought the depths of things everywhere. Bearer could only be content when Inggirg something by muscular strength, or by tugging at come- thing that required expenditure of force. Springer was a compound of coiled and spiral springs, attached to a sort of tual motion motor. ' Steady had a level head, and held him- self well in hand and well balanced. Mr. Utility (my friend) looked over the assortment and decided that a way to See a m in lo valuable. the breakers every day?” “Just the thing, uncle!” chorused all but Steady, who wanted time for consideration. “But I have one condition to namo—that is, that one of you shall get drowned aay, and the rost shall rescue hin, pied “I could do the rescuing act up fine, but Iam afraid I couldn't drown gracefully,” said Springer. “T ean do the under-toe trick,” said Diver. “Tl do the i it.” saad ; Pet fet dragging ou Bearer. ight,” said Stendy, who now sees the utility of the thing, “we're in for it.” Arrived at the beach the uncle sat down on the sand, while the boys sported in the sea for while and were ready for a surdath. Then said Mr. Utility: “Now, where you are and all Steady, you sink the vou obey ad BOLL MIM ON HIS FACE. Springer, quick! roll some of your clothes into @ bundic. Bearer, give him a light, stinging blow on the stomach, turn him over on bis face, and with your hands under his stomach lift him so that head and heels will hang down, and let the water run out of his throat. “Now lay him with the lower part of the shoulder blades across the bundle of clothes. Diver, seize his tongue with a bit of a picce of cloth, = a ~y — os — loosen the clothing and rul vigoroi toward the head. And you, Springer, get on your knees behind his “head, grasp his arms just above the elbows and draw them gently up, over and back, at full length, and hold them there two seconds, then carry them down and press the elbows firmly against the sides two seconds more. Keep up these movements six- teen times a minute fora full hour, if neces- sary. Bearer, leaye a minute now and rua to the wagon for some smelling salts or ammonia and hold for a second to his nostrils, or if there are none beat an iron quickly and touch it, not quite blistering hot, to the pit of his stomach. ‘Ab. I see he is breathing now. Stop the arm movements. Springer, a8 soon as the breathing is regular, keep tp the rubbing, and get him into a warm bed, and, as soon as he can swallow, give bim a teaspoonful of hot ter or coffee. or weak brandy and water, every few minutes for four or five times. then a on fal every fifteen minutes, and rest will bring him sround all rigbt.” Just at this moment Spi returned with some ammonia, which he clapped at once un- der Steady’s nose without regard to the stage of affairs, and was rewarded by s vigorous kick by the prostrate but thoroughly revived lsd that SEIZE HIS TONGUE, sent him sprawling backward uj whereupon Diver and Bearer selves ina upon him, while slowly emptied itself upon the beach. “Tsay. uncle,” Steady, now sitting at case, “that's all well enough with a lot of fel- lows, but sappose there are only two; one is gone in and the other is sick, or used up a little. be to dosll alone and with none of the “Boys! Boys!” shouted the uncle at the trio scurrying down the beach. “Come back for lessou No. 2.” “Now, Diver, it is your turn t got stretched out. You just get cast up into shallow water by that next wave, and you, Steady, be a feeble lad of twelve or fourteen, and him out and follow directions while Bearer an i the sand, led them- ammonis ‘Now, Steady, put his feet up bill and roll him on his face, with a stone or stick or rolled jacket or hat filled with sand under his Stomach. Now stand astride of his legs and press hard against his back and sides five or six seconds. Ease up, press again, and soon as Jong as water runs’ out of his mouth. Now, with a bit of cloth. draw out the tongue and tie a string rather tightly about it and fasten it to the center ofa stick three or four inches long. lying against the face, to prevent the tong’ from falling back and ‘stopping up the breath- ing pipe. Now, roll him over, with his back upon the bundle. Draw his hands above his head and tie them them there with a bandker- chief. Then kneel astride his limbs again, grasp the lower part of his chest in both your hands and throw your weight upon your hands for two seconds. Then with a push, spring bolt upright and allow his chest to ¢: “Now press again, and ¢o on, ten to twelve times # minute, for an hour. if necesears. If you get tired roll hima little more than half way over every four seconds, and suddenly throw him back face downward, with a rest of two seconds between the rolls, and oc- casionally change the eide. As soon as breath- ing ir established foosen the tongue, cover with dry clothing and let hand friction take the place of lacking stimulants.” Long before the directions were ended Diver was flattening his new sand-filled dicer, hi tongue and hands tied and Steady hard at work testing the flexibility of his ribs. Directly, when the pressure came too hard, up came his kncos against Steady's back with a resounding thud that remined him thet he was tired and neoded to change the program to the side-roll- ing, which broke the stick and loosened the tongue of the bor. “Hold on there! I'm alive enough for dinner right now!” This was too much for the sitting rollickers, and in another instant Diver was rolled along the beach, propelled by three pairs of stalwart hands, and thus the second boy was rescued. 8. H. Prarr, M.D. ————— ‘The Music That Irritated. From the Boston Transcript. The Livtener is fortunate enough to have among his friends a lady of refined and fas- tidious spirit, who never transgresses the pro- prictics of life and whoseidom makes a mistake. But the other nightshe was taken in in a whole- sale fashion. Her residence is on St. James avenue, Retiring unusually early her efforts to fall asleep were frustrated by occasional strains of music which fiowted in through the window. “That troublesome street" band again!” she said to herself, “it ought to be pro- hibited by law.” But ber ladylike anathemas did not silence the music and finally her irrita- tion on being deprived of slumber, coupled with possibly a grain of fe:ninine curiosity, im- pelied her to go to the window. Looking across into a brilliantly lighted rooza at the Brunswick she descriod the unmistakable figure of a gen- tleman from Poland called Pudcrewski. He was performing with his usual force and finish to one delighted auditor only, who as Mr. Nickisch is fairly well known to the Boston pub- lic. Mr. Paderewski continued to play, but there were at least two in the andience after that, and tho feminine listener has now formed the habit of suspending Judgment in regard to the character of strect’ music wutil the testi. mony of her eyes reinforces that of her ears. ree Just a Word, From World's Fair Puck. Long distance telephone was formally opened today by a talk between the mayors ot Philadel- phia and Chicago.—Dcily Paper. Mayor of Chicago—“Hell Ditto Philadelphia—*“Good morning?” Chieago—“We have something on every sa- Joon door in Chicago that vou need, Philadelphia—““Would you meution it?” Chicago—"Push!” vuL Mr. James B. Rawlins hax been clerk in the burean of equipment ing, Navy Deparumcus