Evening Star Newspaper, October 21, 1892, Page 7

= THE EVENING STAR: a, WASHINGTON. D. C. FRIDAY. co be zi, 1892--TWELVE PAGES Art Women's. r Horticulture. BIRD’S EY U. 8 Government. ‘Transportation. Mining. E VIEW OFT Electricit Manufactures and Liberal Arts. Administration. ity. R. R. Approaches. gsino and Pier vaiture. Mac Agriculture. HE WORLD'S FAIR. hinery- Forestry: toon, DBE DEDICATED TODAY. The Splendid Structures in Whic the Great Fair Will Be Held. USEFUL AND ORNAMENTAL. ‘The Buildings Which Have Been Finished, What They Cost and How Big They Are- A City of Exhibits Laid Out Wii Ant Art of @ Landscape Gardener— Buildings Whieb an Army Could Maneaver. Weaao, Oct. 19.—The formal dedication of the world’s Columbian exposition affords the first opportunity for public examination, criti- ism and approval or disapproval of the build- ings to be devoted to this great international enterprise. The information which has pre- viously gone to the public has been fragmen- tary. incomplete and to a great extent pros- spective rather than of that official or authorita- tive character which can only arise from prac- tical results. Today finds all the great build- ings. which only existed to the architectural © twelve months ago, now practically com- ted and ready for the installation of exhib- In the quick succession with which the ‘waves of progress and ente have succeeded each other some changes have naturally been made, and, as a result. an educational building not vet begun may find a place among the structures of the fair before the | With the | Fad gael opening on the Ist of May. and development of the original plans = financial necessities of the fair have also tremendously increased, but public entn- | this | econtem- | siewm hae fortunately ‘kept development unt plated 25,000,000 world’s ago has now grown to a world’s Eelcmbian exposition with $15,750,000 available ‘and to be actually ex before the gatesare to visitors. In addition to thi« millions doliare are to be expended pace with the fair of three ! installation of state ethibits. The management "s Columbian exposition may be vested in four organizations: The EF H | 's Columbian ex under the laws of the state. managers, authorized by Congress, and * congress auxiliary. George R. Chicago ix director general of the en- exposition, and therefore its chief executive In the joint board of control is of ested the actual ma: t of this board there is no apy situation of the world’s time is most satisfac tions of Congress, sale of $4,000,000 de- the enterprise in a posi- ition, organized ie : FF ff ‘opening of the gates. world’s Columbian exposition is to cost times se much as any previous exposition of the world. It occupies about many acres and has about twice space under roof as the greatest of exporitions. No exposition of the past Tecetved the support of more than one- the nations of the worki, while the Co- exposition has received recognition ions for space from every civilized of the globe. Russia, a nation which # held aloof from the international of Europe. testitles a special friend- United States by arranging to send t collection of priceless art Which have never before been al- to cross the Russian frontier. matte unt i H F g Fa & g I application to Chief Walter Fearn Ive received allotments: Argen- , Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, China, Columbia. Corea, Costa Cubs, Denmark, Ezrpt, Ecuador, France ite pro Great Britain and every Brit- Gautemala, Hawaiian juras, Hungary, Ital Madagascar. Net ‘and all colonies, Nicaragua. Norway,Para- y, Persia, Peru, Rumia, Salvador. San Do- Servia, Siam, Sweden. Switzerland, fz i YF j HE U and Venezuela, Of these the following countries will have in- dependent government buildings: Austria, Canada, Ceylon, Chi ay Frasce Great Britain, Guatemala, ti. flaly, Japan, Nicaragua, Norway, tin, Sweden and Turkey. Concessions have been made for the purpose of conducting theaters. restaurants, shops and Fepresentations of native life to the f ing jermments: Algeria, Austria, China, British Egypt, Hungary, the Islands a . Morvoeco, Persia, jumbian is stated tered. the space tions aloue exceeds that, the United States not _ Already allotted to foreign the total space of F Previous world’s fair. In addition to this come ~_ of Ameri- exceeds the aggrega! of the world. Nearly has made appropri tons for state buildings and state exhibite. an there are alrendy under « truction no le than thirty state buildings on the grounds. ARRANGEMENT OF GROUNDS. The most important bureau in connection with the workt’s Columbian exposition is un- eau of construction. Of this urnham is chief, Edward ebief engineer and F. L. Olm- cape architect * fair site is im Jackson Park and e. about six miles from the f Chicago, and 1,037 acres is jo. This ts nearly four times previous exposition and the square feet un roof, over 6,000,000, ix nearly twice as much ax the great- est exposition of the past. The beauty of the location of the buildings of the world IF every ture the entire eastern limits of and a half being washed by Michigan. In the northern of the park are grouped nearly all the State buildings, the tine art building and the various structures of foreign nations, Next Comes the fisherics building, which is situated Just north of the lagoon, and directly west of the fisheries budding on the opposite side of the park stands the woman's building. South of the ting and on the same side Of the lagoon. which parallels the lake, are the Borticuitural building and the transportation ng. To the southward of the government ng. on the ont side of the lagoon and ng on ti @, ix the giant structure of the fair. the manufactures and liberal arts Daikding. South of this edifice is the great aaa for lake steamers. extending 1,000 feet the lake and om one wing of which is the * hall Ex westward from the pier # long avenue hundred feet wide. All this grand avenue. encom: a bean: smaet of water, stand in buildings, facades of which sweeps the of ip Until it rests on the camin daiiding, soarly ® mile distant. West the agricultural ng stands machinery which is its equal in size and ix especial im architectural lines and details. To tl of the administration building on | Den: ide and facing the grand avenue stand | ‘The ex immense buildings, one for the elec- the mining exhibit. z by the several | states in the construction of state buildings and | Illinois: the board | nagement, and from | ‘olumbian | to meet any expense to be incurred before | No other industry or science has made such . Columbia, Costa Rica, | east.and near by is the saw mill, the dairy building and various other smaller but equally interesting structures. MANUFACTURES AND LIBERAL ABTS. Like a giant among pigmies the manufactures and liberal arts building looms up above its companion buildings until their colossal pro- portions are dwarfed into insignificance by the very complirison. Noted as the largest build- ing ever constructed, it loves nothing of its beauty by its size,as in symmetrical propor- | tions and design it rivals any of the other great architectural triumphs of the world’s Colum- bian exposition. This building, which is com- pleted and ready for exhibits today, covers over thirty acres and has in floor . including galleries, an area of forty-three acres. It is over @ quarter of a mile in length, cost $1,700,- 000 and contains 16,000,000 feet of lumber and 15,000,000 pounds of iron. It is only possible to appreciate the immensity of this structure by comparison, afid when one is told that it is four times larger than the old Roman Coliseum, which seated $0,000, that the great pyramid Cheops could be comfortably housed on its in- side and still leave room for the Sphinx, Cleo- patra’s needle, Liberty statue on Bedloe’s Island and Notre Dame of Paris a# additional attrac- tions, an adequate appreciation is received of its magnitude. It ia the boast of its builders that the manufactures building contains in its roof alone enough iron and steel to build two Brookiyn bridges. An unprecedented feat of | engineering and architecture is accom- plished in the construction of the roof of this building. Under the single roof span of the building just over the main hall is in- cloved over eleven acres, an area entirely free from supporting pillars or posts, from whic} the roof, over 200 feet above, looks like the Faulted heavens having for ite support th horizon, where roof and earth gradually appear to approach each other. A gallery fifty fect wide encircles the interior of the building, and rojecting from this are eighty-six smaller gal- ries, twelve feet wide, from which visitors will have an excellent view of the acres of ex hibits below. Its multitude of galleries, corri- dors and aisles, paralleling and intersecting, fixe the interior of the building the appear- ance of a great city, so much #0 indeed that « system of street nomenclature has been found necessary in indicating the geographical loca- tion of exhibits. ‘Columbia avenue” extends | through the mammoth building longitudinally, a veritable street fifty feet wide, intersected at the center by an avenue of like width, which extends from wing to wing. Each aisle or street is ornamented with lamp posts having shielded are lights. Ten thousand electric lights will be necessary to illuminate the build- ing. If the fantasy had led the expor officials to have indeed constructed a ci neath this roof along the various avent 1,000 colieges could have found room ite walls anda population of 5,000 peo- ple could have existed here without a single discomfort of an overcrowded city. The Corinthian style of architecture is the one which prevails in this building. Severely classic, this long array of columns and arches which its facades present is relieved by elaborate ornamentation of female figures.sym- bolical of the various arts and sciences. There is an entrance at the center of each facade, making four great entrances in all, each en- trance being designed after the triumphal arches of the old world ee = great , which are eighty feet an forty feet wide, is oe attic etory, from which sculptured eagies eighteen feet high are poise oo thumphal emblems of liberty. Three hun- dred thonsand le can be comfortably seated in this building, and the largest standing army in the world—that of ‘Russia—could be mobilized beneath its roof. Only half the | space i utilized in seating the 75,000 guests of the dedication ceremonies, as these are as many as can possibly get within the sound of the speakers’ voices in this great building of over a quarter of s mile in length. | Approaching. the grounds from the lake this building is seen to best advantage by reason of ths conspicuous | place awarded it. As the vessel appronches | nearer and nearer it looms up higher and higher until the beach is reached, when a great mountain towers above the visitor as he con- ‘templates the greatest architectural and en- gineering achievement of the human race. No man ever yet visited the world’s Columbian exposition who did not unconsciously pause here and gaze with awe upon the scene before him. { nd | ELECTRICITY BUILDING. In the electricity building is to be exhibited the crowning glory of the nineteenth century. progress within the last decade, and this build- ing and its exhibits may be declared a monu- ment to men already living—to Edison of America, Werner Siemens of Germany and Sir William Thompson of England, the men who have led the van in electrical discoveries and in- ventions. Although electricity is by far the youngest of all the great departments of the ir, ithas attained an importance among the | @ tries that gives it a prominence second to | uvne. Indeed the science invades almost all the other departments, and though a distine- tively electrical department is named as one of | the thirteen departments of industries anda | large building allotted to it, yet ite influence | cannot be contined within narrow limite | and visitors to the fair will searce have stepped | foot inside of the grounds ere they are made forcibly aware of the fuct that electricity is the | great controlling force in almost all the depart- | mente. This is the first time in a great expo- | sition that electricity has been named as one of | the important departments of industry. For the | Columbian exposition, however, those intrusted | with the formulation of the great classifications have seen fit to give electricity «most prominent position and by preparing a distinctive ciassifi- | cation made it imperative on the exposition | company to provide a special building for elec- | trical exhibits. ‘This building is erected at a | cost of $650,000 and is over 750 feet long and The architecture, in which the il, is calculated to | | to the artistic lighting, which will be one of the main features of the exhibit. The for the interior will be blue gray for the walls, with three shades of blue for facings, the lower of the trusses and heavy pillars being very light | blue. the shades deepening as they ascend to the | monitors of the building. It is assumed that the neutrality of these colors will allow of elab- orate decorative development on the part of foreign nations that are to contribate to the exhibit, and at the same time these colors will allow of more pleasant effects at —. Four hundred and fifty are lamps for the general illumination of the building, or one to every thirty feet square of and 1 or more incandescent lamps, —— ty special efforts of lighting among the e: will make the building a veritable blaze of light. It is necessary, therefure, to have the colors of rather a subduing character than otherwise. Cream or yellow would create = a glare that visitors to the building we be almost tortured because of the intensity of the ing character. The sevoral towers of ti ELECTRICITY EVERYWHERE. But electricity, as exemplified in the exhib- its and its power for usefulness, does not end with the electricity building. Its application begins at the mammoth power house situated | in the machinery hall and extends by means | of wires to cOnvey light, heat. power and sig- nals to every pert of the grounds and all of the buildings and it then goes outside the grounds by means of the telegraph and tele phone to all parts of the world. This great power plant is to include electrical machinery aggregating 24.000 horse power, Steam will t be allowed in any part of the grounds or any of the buildings excepting at this cen- tral power station. All power at other points will be by electrical transmission. The machin- ery of exhibitors in all the other departments will be driven by electric motors, 4,000 to 6,000 electrical horse power being supplied for that purpose. The grounds and buildings will be lighted by electricity, 7,000 are lamps of 2,000 candle power each and between 100,000 and 150,000 incandescent lamps. ‘The general illurn- ination in all the buildings will be by arc light excepting in the art galleries, the woman's building, the administration building and some of the state and foreign buildings. in these exceptions the lighting will be by incan- descent lam; The wooded island will also be lighted by incandescent lamps, as will the Japanese building upon it. The cle- vated railway, which will traverse the grounds of the exposition, will be operated by electricity the boats of the’ omnibus line, which is to ply the waters of the lagoon and the inner harbor, will be operated by storage batteries; many of the passenger and freight elevators in the larger buildings will be electrically propelled: the great central fountain in front of the adm inis- tration building will be operated by electricity, nd the two spectacular fountains at either side of this will also be electrical. THE ART BUILDING. The most substantial building of the world’s fair and the one likely to remain a permament structure in Jackson Park is the art building. It is the only fire-proof building on the grounds and great pains have been taken to notify and assure European art exhibitors that their treas- ures would be secure from any possible confla- gration that might break out during the exposi- tion. Of a Grecian-Ionic style which will re- ceive as much artistic praise as the exhibits on the inside, this building of classic architecture has been constructed at an expense of £670,000. It is 500 feet long and 320 feet wide and has two nnexes, each of which ix 200 by 120 fect. The floor space of the main building and annexes is six and one-half acres. Of oblong structure, the art building is intersected north, south, east and west by a great nave and transept 100 feet wide and 70 feet high. A colossal winged figure of victory surmounts the dome, and the corners made by the crossing of the nave and transept are utilized for «mall picture galleries, Sculpture is to be dixplayed upon the main floors of the nave and transept, and | ager and panels in bas relief will exhibited on the ground floors of both the galleries. Outside galleries, 403feet wide, form a continuous promenade in windows of the art building are set in iron, the entire edifice being constructed? of brick, staff, iron and glass, with no wood or other in- flammable material whatever entering into its construction. The richly sculptured portale are reached by grand flights of steps leading upward, and the walls of the loggia of the colon- nades are to be gorgeously adorned with mur. paintings designed to illustrate the gradual rise ‘and progress of art through all the ages. In its very location an appeal is made to artistic sen~ timent, the south of the building fronting. di- rectly on the lagoon, with an immense flight of the very water's edge. New pieasure boats of every description will land, from the gondola of Italy and the birch bark'canoe of the Red- men to the electric launch of this last decade of invention. It is a source of great gratification to the world’s fair officials that the amount of wall space requested by the great nations of Europe in this building is greater than that oc- cupied by them all at the last Paris exposition. The head of the French art commission de- clares that his ambition is to exhibit ai the Co: Jumbian exposition a finer exhibition of French art than was shown at the recent great Paris exposition. MACHINERY HALL. The inventive genius of the closing decade of the century isto be displayed in machinery hall, and when this building is open to visitors its interior will be one great maze of moving machinery. It is located ut the extreme south end of the grounds and in the center of the rk from tid to side. Over 800 feet long and feet wide, with an annex of 550 feet in length | and 490 feet ‘in width, this vast structure cost 1,200,000 and has a floor space of over 17 acres. One of the features of this building is that the vast arched trusses which support the roof of the main building are built separately of iron and steel in such manner that they may be taken down and used as railroad train houses or state exposition buildings. The steam power which move the multifarious machinery of this after the installation of these mechan- Spanish cities. The two facades on the court are adorned with colonnades and other artistic tural features which contribute to the exterior view of this building The interior of the main [ing will offer junities for man¥ | effects iors’ ard’ Iacendeccent_ Hghtiag ead this will be taken advantage of by the ment. Special forms of fancy lighting will also | obtain to light up the four great entrances. | _ Up to this time fourteen foreign nations have | indicated their intention to be ited in | the electrical section. England. Ger- es gg erg rg ly, ‘Sweden. | Mexico, Russia, Spain, Norway, and xhibit tobe made by American eleo- tricians and firms will be nificence and extent only by building. Americanclectricians around the classic structure. The very panes | steps leading from the ornamented terrace to | the economics of construction. In the center of this colonnade is an archway leading to the cattle exhibit and from this portico is obtained a delightful view of nearly the length down the Venetian lagoons. Bridges, tunnels and sub- ways are all invoked to afford easy commuinca- tion between machinery hall and its annex, as well a3 to afford egress into the administration, mines and transportation buildings. Theannex, though of immense proportions, is simple in design and modeled after a mill or foundry. Constructed economically of wood, it is an- nularin form, the diameter of the outer ra- dius being 800 fect and of the inner feet. An electric elevated railway the interior of the entire main hail and sengers will be enabled to yiew the exhibit | without leaving the cara, Electrical power | alone will be used in the annex, while in the | main building steam will be given an equally exclusive privilege. Comfort to visitors, which | isnever lost from sight, is supplied ina de- | lightfal little park within the inner circle in | which one may at any time seek rest and relief from the hum of machinery. In this building will be exhibited the largest and most inter- esting display of electric power ever made. THE TRANSPORTATION BUILDING. It requires but a moment's glance for the visitor to recognize the transportation building, for on every side of this mammoth stractare are figures ‘and statuary emblematie of the in- dustry tu which it is dedicated. Modeled after the Romanesque and the methods of the Ecole des Beaux Arts, this building is simple in arch- itectural treatment yet elaborate m the detail of its finish. ‘The ‘main building is 960 feet long and 250 feet wide and the annex still ‘The total - ger, being 900 feet by 425 fer fle irteen and one-half acres and the total cost 370,000. In the center of the main buildings a cupola 165 feet elevators gives visitors an opportunity to ob- from this eminence. ‘The immense arch which constitutes the m: nce to the building at the cast front is ¢ i ings, bas reliefs and mural paintings representing every method of travel and transportation from the most primitive ages to the Inst decade of tie nineteenth century. The term of “Golden Door" is upplied to this grand entrance, the vast portal and its series of receding arches be- ing entirely overlaid with gold leaf. ‘The roof of the transportation building is in three divisions and the interior of the building resem- bles a Roman basilica with spacious naves and aisles. ‘The middle roof rises. much higher than the others and ita walls are pierced to form a beautifnl areaded clearstory. The annex to this building. like nearly ail ihe other additions that have been found necessary to the great ox- jon buildings,is only one story bigh. but it is probably the largest annex in the grounds,ex- tending far to the westward and covering over nine acres. Its great length, 900 feet, is for the purpose of exhibiting entire passenger and freight trains of all countries, coupled and ready for moving. An impressive effect is cou- mplated in the display of 100 engines facing the main avenue on either and extending entirely throagh the building. A transfer rail- PALACE _OF MECHANICAL ARTS. way, with seventy-five foot tables, is_construe- ted within the transportation buildings to assist in the transfer and placing of exhibits, These | exhibits will include every means of land and water transportation known, from the specimen vehicles, courses and trappings of uncivilized tribes to the firstlocomotive of Stephenson, and finally to the great mogul engines of the pres- Fent day. | THE AGRICULTURAL BUILDING. | Itisa fitting tribute to husbandry and the | millions engaged in this occupation in the | United States that of the immense buildings de- | voted toa single art, science or industry, the | | agricultural building heads the list. The agri- | cultural building is ay attractive structure 800 | feet long and 500 fect Wide and has @ floor space | of nearly 19 acres. It stands quite near the | lake shore and in form resembles the letter T, | one portion being 500 feet long and the other | portion 200 fect. “The building cost $618,000 | and is so planned in its details as to give all the | accommodations desired by the farmers. tie single story structure and of a design designa- ted as the heroic by the architects. The many groups of statuary that adorn the oxterior of | the building, combined with Corinthian pillars fifty feet_high at the entrance, give the struc- ture a striking appearance. The main entrance to the agricultural building is 64 feet wide and the rotunda is 100 feet in diameter and surmounted by a glass dome that sheds a day- light clearness on all exhibits. On each corner and at the center of the building are attractive | Ravilions, the center, one being 144 feet equaro, continuous arcade surrounds the build- ing and all through the main vestibule. at the entrance of the structure, are statuary illustrative of agriculture. ‘The corner pavilions are surmounted by domes nearly 100 feet high and above them tower groups of statuary. ‘Tho design of these domes is that of three female figures of grand ‘oportions su] © mammoth gi hig ae ve aa eee eau of information are located on the first floor, and broad stairs lead from this floor into an assembly room, having capacity of 1.500, which is intended for the congresses of farmers, r space of the main building and annex is | igh and provided with eight | tain an excellent view of the entire exposition | a central connest 88 by 270 feet. The shrubs and flowers. roofed by ac and 113 feet the pavilions. recreation and refreshment. obtained. sixty feet high and eigh Uae of whether plants will jourish under electric light alone w: solved. THE DAIRY BUILDING, wide and has | feet, the Model Dai conducted. seated in the amphitheater seats his limburger and the demand of the 8: the Frenchman for his “fromage de Brie cach receive instant compliance. ‘fHE FORESTRY BUILDING. ceive that a building 500 feet long and 200 feet wide can be built without a nail or an ounce of metal in its construction, yet this feat has been accomplished in the forestry building. isa structure, too, which in point of strength is one of the strongest buildings on the ground, and its location on the very verge of the water makes it-necessary for it to withstand all the strength of the fierce lake winds that prevail all the winter. The rustic is naturally the idea which has been uppermost at ali times in the construction of the forestry building and the effect accomplished is one certainly difficult to surpass. A colonnade consisting of a series of columns composed of three tree trunks twent five feet in length and from sixteen to twenty inches in diameter surrounds the building and supports the roof of the veranda. In every in- stance tho bark in its native state has been con- sciontiously preserved on the timbers and | scarcely at any point can the trace of the wood- | man’s ax or the carpenter's adz be observed, 80 carefully constructed has been every mortise 7 jand tenon. Every state and territory in the Union and even far-off Alaska has contributed to he material in this structure,and the foreign nations of the world, from the mahogany . for- ests of tropical Brazil to tive fir trees of the Alps and the stunted bushes of the arctica, have each & memento entering into the construction or rustic ornamentation of this building. ‘Phe consummate skill of some of the most expert | wood workers of the world is exhibited in the variegated mosaic work to be seen at the en- trance and at many pointe through the edifice. ized and uncivilized world enter thatched roof,while the sides of the building are constructed of slabs with the bark carefully te- moved. It is designed that the exhibits for the forestry building—the interior exhibits, for the building itself is the greatest exhibit—shall con- sist of dye woods, barks, mosses, lichens, gall sbuormal woody products, gums, resins, ve table ivory, gourds, cocoanut shells, wood pulp, willow ware, rattan, pails, tubs, brooms and all of the characteristic woods of tho different states and nations of the globe will also be seen on every band. THE FISHERIES BUILDIXG. One of the moft unique structures of the substantial structure of the fisheries | is composed of wood, iron, steel and as usual being used for the outside | The roofs are covered with glazed and the general coloring of the varied from mild % brilliant to accord grace of architectural lines. The | building is somewhat after the | great taste everywhere ' details of construction and : |innumetable forms of medallions, brackets, other ornamental details F : i Py F i d i i f i vilion with two end_pavilions,“each with the center pavilion by front and rear curtains, forming two interior courts, each courts are beautifully decorated in color and planted with ornamental center pavilion is tal dome 187 feet in diameter under which are exbibited the tallest palms, bamboos and tree ferns that can be procured. There is a gallery in each of The galleries of the end pa- vilions are designed for cafes, the situation and | thg surroundings being particularly adapted to ‘These cafes aro surrounded by an arcade on three sides, from which charming views of the grounds can be In a carefully constructed cave, feet in diameter, en- tirely obscured from the day, dazzling electric lights are placed.and during the six months the ‘ow and be fully The broad acres of the western farm, the dairiesof New England and New York and the centuries of experience of the hereditary dairy- men of Switzerland and the ofd world are to be brought into close competition in the dairy building, which is 200 fect long and 100 fect been constructed at a cost of $30,000. On the first floor in the mdst con- | spicuous place will be displayed the butter exhibit, and just in the rear, in a space 25x100 ‘vy and Dairy School will be Four hundred spectators can be hich surround | this room. ‘The cheese exhibits will be displayed on the second floor, and here, too, will be con- structed acafe in which diiry products of var- ious kinds form a conspicuous place on the menu and where the call of the north countryman for OF * will ‘The most novel of all the world’s fair build- ings in ite construction and design is the for- estry building. It ix almost incredible to con- This Barks from every accessiblecountry of the civil- into the 7 feet wide and cost $135,009. The architect, Miss Hayden, had just completed her couree in Massachuretts School of Technology, and that the had both abii:ty and scholarly atteinments ix evidenced by the beautiful croa‘ion «hich she bas planned for the exposition ¢ ts tize moking it mach more harmo » ite portions than the lager buildings, in general ight. Mixx Hy be incorporate with the mort bewatifel ai harmony of propc ment of de‘ail, and that gavety an: | which should be an essential feature of an ex- position building. The woman's building is | the only one which possetses roof gardens, the effect of which will be most delightful when covered by gaily colored awnings and adorned with tropical foliage plants, the arrangement of which is to be taken in charge by the French commission. under the direction of the most celebrated ..ndscape gardener in the world. The vases filled with on the balconies of the second siory, will also contribute to the gayety of the gencral effect. tural ornamentation of the building are now be- ing placed in position and bear a beautiful re- lation to the whole design. They were designed and made by Miss Rideout of California, who to be congratulated upon her great success in this work. The woman's building possesses, in addition to its other attractions, the great ad vantage of a classical and attractive interior, in which respect it excels most of the other expo- |sition buildings. The main gallery, which reaches from the floor through the second story to the roof, and is lighted bya clear story, forms « hall of the most nobie_proport ond story ts surrounded by a g colon- nade, from which the rooms a and which adds greatly to the beauty of the general effect. MINES AND MINING. One of the most promi world’s fair is the mines and mining, a #trac- ture 700 feet long and 350 feet wide, and situ- ated between the electricity and transportation | buildings. It cost $265,000. It has a tor japece of nearly 6 acres and its architecture is of | the Italian renaiseance, with a light Frenc! spirit visible in its exterior design. There four great entrances to the building, one on | each side, but those of thy north and sout! | the most’ pretentious. Broad ‘lights of stair- ways lead to the galleries from-cach side of the general entrances. These galleries, which ar | lighted by spacious side windows as well as by e apertures above, are 25 feet al ground floor and are €0 feet wide. | tive of the industry to which th cated are prominent allegorical figures over the main doorway. A colossal, half male figure holds aloft the proverbial 1a) pick of the miner, while at various 0 | may be seen other emblematic | trative of mines and mining. pacions prom enades on the gailery flour afford a fi the north and the south. These cove enades are 25 feet wide and 230 f ve access to the bu ‘he orname: and mining buii ig is tas agant. In exterior aj the budding is Massive yet no! al fr architectural standpoint. The main fro are 65 feet high from ground to c nice, and the main entrance The y feet to a | sides of the build | Manner than the main fronte: | windows extend through the | placed between the abundatice of light to the space galleries. ‘The two-storied portion ing, of which the extends entirely arowad the sixty feet wide. This porti and iron combined. The gre thus inclored is one story high. 630 feet long and 280 feet wide, with an extreme height of 100 feet at center and for et at sides, and is spanned by steel ca ported on steel columns apart longitudinal : feet six inches tra + thas leaving a clear | space in cen:er of building 630 teet long and 115 feet wide, with two side division fifty-soven feet six inches wide ar long, leaving the central spaco in: | with only sixteon supporting steel po | cantilevers are of pin connection to facilitate erection, The inner and higher ends of the | cantilevers are forty-six fee! apa | space between them is spanued by trustes, with an elliptical chord. | ate designed so as to form a cica fect high. with vertical sash exte tire terminating at each end with agrea setting back sixty feet from frontends of bu: ing. The wide spacings of the cantilever neces- sitated an extensive system of longitudinal per- lines of the riveted lattice type. TRE XAVAL EXmBIT. ‘The most unique exhibit on the grounds and the one that attracts the first attention and | curiosity of visitors is the naval exhibjt." Near the northeastern shore of the park, about 200 feet from tand, lies a fac-simile in style and size of one of the largest and most improved battle ships of modern times. It is 343 fect in length, 69 feet in vidth amidships and from the water line to the top of the main deck is i2 feet. Until the visitor is within a few fect of this tructure it is impossible for the most discern- ing eye to detect anv difference between it and one of the $3,000,000 goast line battle ships now being constructed for the United States nay Itis erected on piling. but being surrounded by water has the appearance of being moored to the wharf. Every appurtenance and appli- ance to be found on the most complete man-of- war is visiblc on this «hip. Turrets, gans, tor- tubes, torpedo nets and beoms, archers, @ables and mechanical appli tend to ive the vessel a most realistic appearance. e Navy Department during the expositiop will detail officers, seamen, marines and m: chanics to man this vessel. and, although an movable structure, she will for that sia months be literally “in commission,” all the discipline and regulations maintained during war be- jing in practice. Boat drills, | gun drills and torpedo drills will’ be a | part of the daily exercises, and an opportunity | wall be afforded the public for viewing the ma- | chinery, ordnance, electrical devices, gun car- | ringe motoraand range finders and the multi | tude of other appliances that are the obj | continual curiosity to visitors. Torpedo net- | ting,for protection against this deadly missile of | the enemy,will be stretched the entire length of | the vessel on one side, while steam launchesand | cutiers will add to the warlike effect. In the | habilimenta of those aboard will be displ the past costumes of thewailors of the Unite: States navy from 1775 to 1843. _ At the forward end of the superstructure there is a cone-shaped tower called the ‘military mast,’”near the top of which are placed two circular “tops” as es for sharpshooters, Rapid-firing guns ate mounted in each of these topr. ‘The height from the water line to the summit of this mili- tary mast is 76 feet, and above is placed a fing- staif for signaling. The battery mounted com- prises four 13-inch breech+loading rifle cannon, eight 8-inch breech-loading rifle cannon, four inch breech-loading rifle cannon, twenty 6-pound rapid-tiring guns, six 1-pound rapid- firing guns, two Gatling guns and six torpedo tubes or torpedo guns. All of these are placed and mounted respectively as in the gen- uine battle ship. ‘The superstructure shows the cabins, state rooms, lavatories, lactrines, mess | wd piers, atfordit v beneath the ne buiid- upper part, stracture a} nilt of | kinds of wooden ware. Monographic displays | l= lowering plants, to be placed | The pediments aud groups forming the sculp- | t buildings of the | ant gable, | ) | the wocld’s Columbian exposition cost €400,000 | nnd is 415 feet long and $30 feet wide. Classic style, it is modeled after the National Ma- | neum and other government buildings at Wash. | ington and points to the west and connects on j the north with the fisheries building by a bridge over the lagoon. Surrounding it are the woman's building nnd the goverument build- England, Germany and Mexico, It is tructed of ‘iron and glass and a central dome, 120 fect in diameter and 150 feet high, is its prominent architectural feature. The offices gf ibe sational Columbian commission are. to located in this building and the south half of the structure is to be devoted to the exhibite of the War, Treasury, Post Office and Agricul- tural departments, The exhibits of the Smit itation, the Interior Department and the United States fish commission oceupy the half, while the State Department eshibit ds f1 the rotunda to the east end and that of the Department of Justice from the ro- tanda to the west end of the building. The burean of engraving and printing shows many new bills under framing. These include a sam- le of every bill of every denomination that the United States government now authorizes as money. Perhaps the most interesting exhibit of the whole Treasury Department is that of the const survey. It includes huge map of the Jnited States about 400 feet square, or about the size of a square of city property. This is | accurately constra | is placed horizontally on the exposition grounds | witha huge covering erected over it, with gal- | leries and pathways on the inside to allow the | thes of Visitors to walk over the whole United States a withput touching it. This model is built o scale showing the exact height of moun the depth of the rivers and the curvature earth. The quartermaster's department shows lay-figure officers and men of all grades in the 1, on foot, fully equipped im the rm of their rank and service. Aside from there are nineteen figures showing the | Biforms worn during the revolutionary war | and the war of I812 and thirty-one figures show- | ing the uniforms in the Mexi A novel | exhibit as that of a telephe attlefield. The heliogray pa distance in tl full operation d signaling w » bomt elabora departm . which pra f talking, i ins of army the batteries, . torches, &te., are shown Capt. "Whipple of jeveloped the plan 1 explosives of huge guns a he At certain h i urs of battery ay there are regular and firing of pie Jar + «a hospital a by a corps of h THE ADMINISTRA The pride of the w tion in point of architecture tration bnilding. It occupies the most 5 k and ix exactly aqnar Ite Leight is even gre alar dim! ns. being 277'y K cost 000, and in pro- portion to its #ize is the most expensive stru ture of the exposition., Itis erecied in the f of four pavilions, 84 feet square, one at ¢ the four angles of the 1d conne at the center by the grea’ which ix 120 . tiectural design of g is in the style of The first story is of m ‘ding in thi and fifty feet wide, are and at the edges of crowned with sc the piers praitdiny proporti JF execed in tone and beauty the A heroic statue of Columbus, e1 stands at the main of the entrance entrances are em- From the out- building has e of a vast three t stage or story is ¢ wide: lines and taste Thi« dom 4 with aluminum +in appearance the marks the tomb of richly d ta: uliy ed both outeid visible for mile ion oficials, the post ice department of course ix not complete without a magnifi- cent restaurant. THE MUSIC HALL AND PERISTILE AXD OTHER BUILDINGS. Atthe mouth of tho lagoon, and extending north and south, there isa peristyle 60 feet wide and 500 feet long, spanning the entrance to the big lagoons. Beneath this pleasure craft at night. ures of interest is a reproduction in staff of t Convent of La Rabida. Multitu buildings of less importance adorn th Midway plaisance is given up to a re yptian streets, African villag mps and many other conceptions emblematic of foreign life and foreign countries, THE VARIOUS STATE BUILDINGS. In addition to the great strnctures above de- scribed nearly every state in the Union has course of construction a separate state building for the exhibition of the characteristic indas- ies and resou! ate. Illinois takes and as a graceful recog- honor of the location of the great world’s fair within the limits of the prairie state an appropriation of £800,000 was made by the Illinois legislature 300.000 of whi de- voted toa state building. The Minois state building stands conspicuonsly in the northern end of the world’s fair grounds, facing south at the head of the lagoon, with the art gallery the north, the federal government building on of th n the soi ast and the women’s buildin the southwest. It is rectangular, the main exhibi- tion hall being 450 feet east and west and 160 feet wide, with a three-story projection on the south 75 feet by 125 feet, in which will be the administration rooms and the headquarters of the governor and other state officers, board bureaus and commissions of the woman's Illinois exposition bos the Illinois members of the national commission and of the soldiers and sail- ors of Illinois. On the north is a fire-proof projection, 50x65 feet, in which will be dis- played the relics and trophies belonging to the state. At this date the building is nearly com- pleted, and, with the necowsary interior furn will cost about #200,000. through legislative appropri he other states which bay subscription, provided for special buildings | = ® Vth — fe | the tows } ed of plaster of paris and | this butiding affords , Among the other world’s fair struct- | | fancy and crystal nds. | where art will love to linger and scienoe, Cor ANS fal EEEEEEES ERE sara building palace: the Massachusetts torical “Hancock House” reproduces in York's model is idence of New York city; N duces “Tyron Palace;” Pennsylvania “Independence Hall” even to the old“ dell” in the rotunda and the twenty-five-foot dial clock im the steeple; South Dakota's model is an old French farm house, Texas follows the design of an old Spanish mission: Wy adopts the outline of a French chateau, the territory of Utah erects salt trom the deponite of the Groat Salt lake. Up to the present time the totalamount appropriated collected by wubscript buildings and state e \ 000. ‘This amount, it is thought, will be con- siderably increased during the coming winter br various state logislatares which have not yet taken action. It is estimated that the total ex- nditares of the world s Columbian ¢ rom all sources, national, state and foreign, m of 40,000,000. will aggregate the enormon: If this estimate be correct, the cost of tl Position will be nearly six times as great as any engl exposition that the world has ever nown. +. PRESENTED BY MR. PALMER. The Address in Which the Bulldings Were Turned Over to Uncle Sam. Curcaco, Oct. 21.—The specch in which ex= Senator Palmer, president of the world’s fair commission, tendered the world’s fair bufld- ings to the Vice President for formal dedication today was as follows When « structure designed for a beneficent purpose has reached compieti is about to be devoted to ite object, it is deemed Sitting, in accordance with a custom which sprang from the aspirations of man, and which has received e the sanction success erations. that ite intent and aim «hall be ¢ esl amid impos ing ceremonies and the good will of the pres- ent and the blessing of the future invoked upon it, If this occasi eults the inwag shall have as one of ite re- of another festal day te endar of our people, creby, and ® name 4 an vag 1 caren nade w vital and ele on which bas been hitherto less remembrance will be vating force to mankind Anniventries are the punctuations of history, They are the emphases given to events, not by the song of the poet, or the.pon of the thete cian, but by th 1 f mank They are the monu: savgors of the rac which fill the heart with promis gladness and the ear with song. The teacher of Socrates, w dying, was hieverents of abled the taking w that they a tion of the bi As these great men died ignorant of the mag- nitude of their work may we not hope that chis exposition nplish a good than will be rev to us today never «0 brilliant? May sons here learned, transmit will be potent for which will thron ured their span Four hundre to mankind, i to the mult ball have meas= thewe aisl id faded a Pinta, cried, men ment of an era wherein has b more of good import to the race than im any other, Today, at the floodtime of that era, weare re- minded of what that cry involved and of how it its fullest sige much there is yet to do to gi nifica re are no more continents to discover, bat mach to do to make both hemispheres home of telligence, virtue and consequent: hat ond no material that th happiness. Te atribute more than expositions to. whi can are invited ina al «pirit all uations, tribes and peop 1 shall give and me ceive according to their respective capacities. ‘The foundations of civilization have been laid. Universal enlightenment, now acknowh edged as the safe substructure of every «tate, receives an added impulse from the commin= ging of peoples and the fraternizatian of raocs such ns are ushered in by the pageant of today. Hitherto the work of the national commission and of the exposition ¢ ny hax been om dif ferent but convergent lines. Today the roads unite. and it may ‘not be amiss at. this time to speak of the work already done, Two years | ago the ground on which we stand was a dreary waste of sand dunes and quagmires, « home for | wild fowi and aquatic plants. Under skilled | artists, supplemented by intelligence, force, | this waste has been | industry and money, changed by the magic band of labor to its 1 present attractive proportions, can enter from Lake Michigan and sail through- ! of this work as an artist, bat a» one of the great out the fair on the waters of the lagoon. The | body of Jaymen whom it is the bigh calling of music hall. 200 feet long and 140 fect wide, is | art to uplift. To. m seoms that, if these at the nor:h end of this peristyle and contains | buildings should be occhpied, if an auditor capable of seating 2.000 people, | the exhibits — +h: r come to at with room for an orchestra of 75 picces anda | tract and dacete, if our people chorus of 300 persons. The cost of these strac- | could only look up these walls, towers, tures was over $200,000. ex avenues and lagoons, a would be ac- 2,500 feet into Lake Mich: to complished by the inf duflas ad well wort feet high at ite extremity adds peculiar interest | all t ‘ to the whole design. The lary tric rearch It wax an act of high im jlight in the world will be at the top of | the beginning, called this tower and will afford magniti v8 oar arch rted action. ed this dre orm these habitations netia-like, shali expose her children fo thee un | who ask to wee bet jewels, | Of the commission and its agenceis, ite @ireo= tor general and the beads of its departments, its agents and envors, I, although @ part of that national organization, may be permitted to speak. Called by the President two years i tion, vert and yet contredto- tory opinions, it has strives honestly, patriotic= ally and diligently to de its agencies it has reached parts of the earth to gather in all that could contribute to make this 1 ly the museum of the savant and the well read, but the kindergar- le daty. Through » the uttermost ion will in due time formal ac- under their mbian exposition naland international fair, and to You, Mr. President, ax the highest rep- resentative of the nation, is assigned the honor of dedicating them to the purposes determined and declared by the Congress of the United Btates, In behalf of the me devoted themselves rich who have given of their abundance and the poor who have given of th ceonmities , an be= haif of the architects who have given to their ideals a local habitation anda name, aud the artists who have brought hither the turee graces of modern life, form, dy to decorate and inspire: of who have prepared the grounds « walls; im behalf of the chiefs w zed the work of the exhibito: city of Chicago, which hax mu aid, of the Congress which has generousiy given of the national moneysan behalf of the world’s, ! Te ay “= £50,000; ifs filet | Hy board of tedy and grounds to Kemacity, to to amit men and women of clime may feel that the evidence of material progress which may of civilization—that the evidences of wealth berein given to ‘they may es-. commander of bas sailed for