Evening Star Newspaper, January 24, 1891, Page 12

12 THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D.C., SATURDAY, J. ARY 24, 1891-SIXTEEN PAGES. MR. REED ON CLOTURE The Speaker of the House on Ob- structing Legislation. IN THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. | Sajourn made and seconded and all the time | FACTS THAT ARE REFUSE When Cloture Rule Was First Adopted and | from the outside primed with a speech on the | Some Very Funny Things—The Canvassers on | is P en the regular alternation | ‘Their Walks Abroad—Questions They Ask— | is the reply. the Measures Which Led to It—How Prover Motions May Nullify a Legislative Body— Memorable Scenes in the House of Commons. Written for The Evening Star. {Copyrizhted. IVILIZED MANKIND IS SO CLOSELY bound together, so united in thought and feeling, that whatever is happening of buman progress in one region is quite likely to be hap- pening in another. Each condition of human- ity being a natural evolution from tho last it is fairly to be expected that those who have taken the first step should also take the second. Hence, widely separated conntries having reached nearly the same level of intelligence seem almost independently of each other to be undergoing the sxme changes. A careful re- view of the legislative bodies of this country and of the world shows a repetition of the same difficulties and everywhere the same applica- tion of remedies. That Ohioand Kentucky, New York and Tennessce, Massachusetis and Virginia, although controlled by different par- ties and representing somewhat different modes of thought, should have the same obstructi to their legislative work and meet the obstruction | of refusal to vote in the same way by the | method of counting those present to make up a constitutional body is not perhaps much we ponent each leg state boundaries and so little he that when the same course was taker: claewhers members from some of these very states were found protesting against what their own fr had done at home and of which those fr had left a permanent record. THE SAME ALL OVER THE WORLD. A careful review of the parliamentary history | of the European and North Ameri world | will show that everywhere except in two small | countries the same question has beén agitated | and discussed and received decision. The new | method of obstruction now in full cessful experiment in the Senate of States, the method of obstruction by d so called, is now having a carcer all over the | worki and will in due time have its remedy. I | need not say that that remedy will leave real debate intact and only exclude that false de- bate which does not even resemble the genuine Mr. Chamberlain's monograph in the nth Century for December is well worth | g by an A in order that he may | ther assembly which is world re- | he sme thing which constantly hap- pens in the bodies which govern his try. It ix but just, however, to say tha state legislatures are not under the «vine Fi bation: for, being more under the eye of the people, fewer abuseshave crept in. Perhaps if Sir Usngreasionat Incord werenbolihodand the newspapers were thereby compelled to give a! faller account of the doings of the Congress some of the evils now existing might abate themselres. TEX YEARS AGO IN THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. So little interest do people take in the modes and methods of transucting legislative business that probably not one in twenty has any knowl- edge of some remarkable scenes which took place in the British house of commons ten years ago, which scenes illustrate the way in | Which motions which are in themselves proper | and suitable may be used as effectively as if they were a regiment of infantry under com- mand of a tyrant to nullify and destroy a legis- lative body. They show also that the resources | of the body are powerful enough to sweep | them away if exercised with vigor and courage. Of course the measures taken to bring the bill in question to a successful result have all the hesitancy which mark a novel essay, but are in- | structive in the lessons which they conv Parliament met in 1831 on January 6, and the real commencement of the proceedings to be described was when Mr. Stuart Rendel rose to move the address in reply to the queen's | speech. The bull finally passed was the bill for Protection of person. and property in Ire- Jand, which was the preliminary to the solution which Mr. Gladstone was then offering of the Irish question. DEBATE FOR ELEVEN NIGHTS. The debate on the address Insted eleven nights and was almost entirely devoted to the affairs of Ireland and the measure to be proposed. The debate on the address ended on the 20th of Jenusry, and on the 24th Mr. Gladstone said regretfully that they had ched what would usually be the y's business of the session. On that day a motion was made for leave to bring im the Dill, which motion was debated for one night. As it was ¥ery apparent from this first debate that much time was going to beconsumed and many hours wasted, Mr. Gixistone, on Tuesday, the 25th, arose and submitted'a motion that the bill should have precedence over all orders of the day and notices of motions. Such a motion when adopted would give to the bill the right of way ant deprive members of their right to initiate legi-lation. Debate on the motion im- mediately commenced. After it had continued for five or six hours Mr. Biggar persisted ina course of debate which was out of order, and after repeated warnings was named by the speaker and summarily suspended for the re- mainder of the day's session. Then the Irish | members proceeded to repeated motions to ad- journ the debate and for the adjournment of the house, alternating them in such fashion that they could ail speak again andagain. When the usual time came for adjournment Mr. Glad- | stone gave notice that the government would | resist all motions to adjourn or to adjourn | the debate, which meant that the house must | sit it out and the contest became one of physi- | eal endurance. Sir Stafford Northcote and the | tories supported Mr. Gladstone. COMPROMISE PROPOSED. About6 o'clock Wednesday morning a compro- mise was proposed that the debate on the motion for precedence should be finished Wednesday and the bill itself should not be proceeded with until Thursday. Thiscompromixe was rejec and the alternation recommenced of discussion | on the motion itself on adjournment of debate and on adjournment of the house. In England both these latter motions are debatable and to any length. or at least then were. At about 6 clock in the morning Wednesday, tne speaker | being exhausted, Mr. Playfair, chairman of | ways and means, took the chair as deputy syeaker and the dreary struggle went on. At | 12 o'clock noon Mr. Parnell appeared and pro- d that a division should be taken, which Involved the decision of the motion for’ prece- dence on condition that the government should not take up the coercion bill until Thureda; ‘This, it will be remembered. was the com- Rfomine rejected at 3 o'clock in the morning. . Gladstone continy » arrange- ment proposed, but the pres- eat comin having alveady been prolongen be- Yond the appointed beginning of Wednesday's session, Wednesday s session was no longer pos- sible and the bill could net by any means be taken up until Thursday. After two hours more of debate the motion was put and precedence was given to the bill. and on Thursday, January 27, was begun the second night's debate on the motion for leave to bring in the bill. The last | engagement had been rather a drawn battle, | for while the opposition had carried the | second night's debate on the bill over to Thursday the government had not yielded, and twenty-two consecutive hours bud been consumed in the session before the government motion could be carried. cote expressed the hope that the debate on leave to bring in the bill might be ended on the second night. net was quite a guine. second night ‘and also the third. Mr. Gladstone's pleading that the debate should then come to an end was entirely in vain gnd the debate was adjourned until Mon- day, the 3ist of January. TE MOST PROLONGED STRUGGLE. At 4:30 in the after noon of that day began the most prolonged struggle which bad ever been known in the house of | commons, least in modern times. The combatants were the liberal and tory pa bers, hardly exceeding at any time fi number and seldom showing in the divisions tore than thirty-five votes. "I should perhaps have remarked that at this time the previons question, or as it has been of late the custom to call it the cloture or motion to close debate, ‘was entirely unknown. There was in theory no Limitation to debate, although in practice had hitherto been many arising irom a sound | ther majesty’s opposition.” i | and in the early hours an effort was made to | Sir Stafford North-| tion to could speak but once on each question this al- ternation afforded the opposition the chance of speaking as many times as the motions were renewed, each repetition being a new motion. Members would speak upon the main question and then move to adjourn the debate. MOTION AFTER MOTION. After all the time had been exhausted that could be on that motion a division would be had and then the motion to that could be wasted on that would in like man- ner be used up. If a member came in fresh main question, ; r would be suspended and his speech delivered. It will be seen that each motion was in itself a proper one to make and debate was in order on each in conformity with the “precedents of” rather more than “a hundred years.” After about nine hours and at about i o'clock Tues day morning Mr. Gladstone on @ motion to adjourn debate gave notice that the govern- ment proposed to resist the motion. This was intended and construed as notice that the de- bate must end before the close of the session. It kept on its monotonous way, however, until 440 in the morning, when Mr. Speaker ro- tired and the clerk at the table informed the | house of the unavoidable absence of Mr. Speaker, whereupon the deputy speaker took the chair and Mr. Sexton took the floor, and unlimited debate and unlimited motion-mak- ing proceeded. The members were crosa, and Mr. Deputy Speaker had much trouble in keep- ing them in order and confining them to the question and did not often meet with success. SUGGESTIONS NOT FOLLOWED. At 1:30 in the afternoon Mr. Speaker reap- | peared and resumed the chair against the ob- jections of Mr. Parnell. The debate and the motions went on very much as before until | about 11 o'clock in the evening, when there | were made some suggestions to the speaker | that the way out of the trouble was to suspend | all the recalcitrant members as being in con- spitacy against order. To these suggestions Ske."‘Speaker responded somewhat “saguely, | having evidently not made up his mind t course to pursue, and called on the | member who had been speaking to resume. t 11:35 Mr. Speaker again retired, leaving Mr. Deputy Speaker in the chair to struggle with After midnight | induce the deputy speaker to carry out the somewhat vague ideas of Mr. Spenker, but he declined so to do and the wearisome iteration went on for many hours more, when Mr. | Speaker, refreshed’ by sleep, returned at 9 o'clock in the morning, and, in a vigorous allo- | cution, in great contrast with his somewhat doubtful and unsatisfactory remarks of the evening before, PROCLAIMED THE SOUND DOCTRINE that the speaker, as representative of the power of the house, had a right, and it was his duty, to overrule proceedings, however regular in form and debate, however sacred in theory, which stopped the business of the house. After this address, which is a model of its kind, he refused further motions and farther debate and put the question on the amendment then and on the main question, which were i, “These proceedings caused great says Hansard, “among the mem- t, and those who voted in the mi irew from the house erying, ‘Privi- | rivilege'” That afternoon when tive | house met Mr. Labouchere asked the speaker y what authority he did this thing and Mr. aker replied with spirit and dignity: “I dad it upon my own responsibility and from a sense of duty to the house.” ‘The house had been in continuous session from 4 o'clock Monday until 9:30 o'clock Wed- nesday. The contest had lasted forts hours and a half. After this lesson of the power of the few over the many Mr. Gladstone felt that the time had come when unlimited power of making motions and unlimited right of de- should give way to the transaction of pub- lic business with such motions as were really needed and such debate as was of real valu Hence on the Thursday following Mr. Glad-| stone offered his motion to remedy the evil, which after amendment took snch shape that | when the house on motion of a minister of the crown by a vote of three to one in a house of 300 members voted urgency, the speaker was put in full control of all 'the powers of the Rouse for the regulation of business. ‘This mo- tion was carried after one day's debate owing to the fortuitous circumstance that the house was able to turn out all the Irish members for that day. DILLON AND PARNELL AND OTHERS SUSPENDED. When Mr. Gladstone arose to present his motion Mr. Dillon arose also and re-| fused to take his seat, whereupon he was “named” and suspended. Mr. Parneli then moved that Mr. Gladstone, who had resumed, be no further heard. Whereupon, after a struggle, Mr. Parnell was named and sus-| pended.” When the division was had the Irish | members refused to go into the lobby to vote. They were warned they must go. Mr. Finnigan, while Mr. Giadstcne was talking, | again moved that he be no longer heard. Upon division twenty-eight members refused to go into the lobby, and being named in a batch | were suspended on one motion. Mr. Balfour | inquired whether asa point of order the sus- | pension could be inflicted on more than member at a time, but the speaker replied: isa question not of order but of convenience.” Mr. Gladstone then began again, but Mr. O'Kelly claimed a right to move that he be uo longer heard, and was duly named and sus- pended. ‘The same fate awaited Mr.O'Donnell, Mr. Powersand Mr. O'Shaughnessy, who, having Tefused to take part in the division, were alsosus- pended, and Mr. Gladstone at last had the floor to explain his new rale. SUGGESTIONS NOT FOLLOWED. “It is to be understood,” again says Hansard, “that throughout these proceedings the great- est excitement and confasion prevailed.” Un- der this new rule thus made the bill went to a second reading, on which four nights were con- sumed in what we should call general debate. It then was committed to the commitice of the whole, where it wax debated and amended for eight nights, when it was reported to the house as amended, and considered and amended and | debated there for three nights more, when it | was ordered to be read a third time.” Debate vent on for two nights and the mnch-consii ered, much-debated bill was finally passed, having occupied the greater part of the time of | the house of commons from January 6 to Feb- @ month and twenty days. es much more restrictive than Mr. Gladstone's cloture have since been adopted and still others will be required. Tuomas B. Reep. ——_——_+or —____ BUTTER AND LARD. How the Gentle Housekeeper Can Tell Real From False Off-Hand. 66PJEERE IS ONE VERY EASY WAY IN which any housekeeper can tell if any grocer sells her oleomargarine for butter,” said Dr. Taylor, the distinguished expert in micro- scopy to a writer for Tux Sran. cle, rab itupona piece of glas#and look through it at the light. through it, which are really nothing more nor Jess than crystals of beef-fat stearine. from imitation? you ask. Precisely in the same way. Real lard on the glass will make a smooth blue, while the bogus or adulterated article will show the same sort of stearine crystals. You will almost invariably tind these erystals in a little real lard made in this country. All the big manufacturers who produce the article on & gigantic scale confessed recently before con- gressional committecs that they sold adulterated goods. They even went so far as to declare that cotton seed oil was better for the eon- sumers’ purposes than the article it pretended tobe. Pare lardis only made by some butchers in a small way. When you buy that sold under the name of @ great manufacturer you may al- t you are getting a sophisti- 4 product, without taking the trouble to Tesort to the glass-and-smudge test. “The secret of imitated lard is this: The manufacturer can buy stearine compressed from beef fat for 3 cents a pound; hog fut costs 6 cents. He prefers to use the beef stearine on this account, and, inasmuch as it is of too dense a consistency for the p of a coun- terfeit, he dilutes it with cotton seed oil, add- ing'to the mixture enough real lard to give the requisite flavor. “So far as the average adult stomach is con- cerned, the bogus article is about as healthful as the real, though it does not serve equally well for cooking a the cotton seed oil fering out an acrid uring the process. ‘or person ine i average digestible as butte public opinion and an honest unwillingness to merifice public business to private feeling. There being no previous question. it was thought when this night’s work that there was no method of stopping debate ex- Sept oy physically exhausting the tion. ile some use was made of amendments, to time, the main reliance was upon the to ‘adjourn the debate and | idly, you see. “Let her | | simply take a small serap of the suspected arti- | If it is butter the smudge on | the glass will be a smooth blur; otherwise,there | will be light and bright specks and spots all | “How is the housekeeper to tell real lard | lard you examine, because there is very | adjourn the house. As members |“ LISTS OF FOLKS’ NAMES How the Directory of Washington is Got Together. D. ‘What They Do in Recalcitrant Cases—Fight- ing an Opposition Directory. EW PEOPLE HAVE ANY NOTION OF the complicated system by which a direc- tory is made,” said Mr. Boyd, publisher of the Washington Directory, toa writer for Tux Stan. “We publish forty-two out of the 300 directo- ries printed in the United States. Among them are the Jersey City Directory, the Paterson (N. J.) Directory, the New York State Business Directory, the Syracuse Directory, the Oswego Directory, the Binghamton Directory, the Har- risburg Directory, the Reading (Pa.) Directory, the Williamsport Directors, the Philadelphia Business Directory, the Philadelphia Elite Di- rectory and the Washington Elite Directory. I will simply attempt to give you a notion of the manner in which a Washington Directory is compiled. ‘To begin with, the city of Washington is laid out upon a map into districts, each of which is to be covered by acanvasser. For canvassers we advertise when we are ready to | begin our annual work. Out of the applicants, about twenty of whom are usually old hands, we select eighty, and these we form into two classes of forty ‘cach, for instruction in the business of procuring in proper shape the in- i ‘They are told, in the first must ‘exerci: ii courteay in dealing with the pec are taught the best way to put necessary. ‘Who lives in this house?” the can- vasser must ask. ‘What is his full name?’ hatis his business? ‘Business address, if you ase!’ ‘Name of the firm he is with; if member of the firm? ‘Has he any sons?’ ‘What are their names, their business and their business address? ‘Do any widow ladies reside heze?’ *What were the names of their husbands?” he canvassers are carefully taught, the aid of « blackboard, all these points to be elicited, and after six days’ instruction each man who shows himself capable is ready to tackle the section allotted to him and cover it. He is not recognized by name, but is given a number. Suppose that his number is 23. He starts out to do section 23. with pen and ink anda little block of long ¢lips fastened together at one end. In the first house he comes to he learns that John W. Smith resides; also that Mr. Smith is a coal dealer at 100 B street. So his first slip when made out reads: john W. Smith, No. 333 P street n.w. Coal, No. 100 B street.’ “The same process is repeated with every house he comes to. If there is a vacant lot note is made of the interval of numbers which it represents. Supposing that a house ie va~ cant it is noted as empty. ‘The slips for vacant houses are sent around to the real estate agents having the houses in charge and they are asked for information as to whether any tenants are about to occupy the dwellings. If nothing definite can be learned in this way we wait until the last possible moment to give the houses every chance to be taken, so that we can record the occupants. COVERING THE CITY. ixty canvassers, each covering his own as- signed district, ean cover the city pretty rap- They bring in their books of slips, representing their day’s work, at about 5 o'clock each afternoon. The batch brought in one afternoon is always examined in the office during the following ‘day. Necessarily, it will | not be complete in ullrespectsas to the ground it covers. Some of the houses visited will have been found vaeant, while in tome the people will not be found at home. In the former cise the real estate agents are applied to at one while in the latter the canvasser is obli go the very first thing the ext morning try to find the occupants in. On the third ay—that is, the day efter examination has been made—the slips are assorted in pigeon- holed boxes, the A’s being placed by them- selves, the B's by themselves and so on. Each afternoon, you understand, the batch of slips for the day is handed in, examination coming the next day and sorting the third day. “After being sorted, according to the man- ner I have described, for the first letter in the alphabet, the slips are again taken in hand and sorted in pigeon holes for the first two letters— that is, thejAb's, the Ac’s, and #0 on. Next, they are sorted for three letters—the Abe's, the Abd’a, &c.—and again and again to the fifth letter and beyond. After this the slips are done up in packages for each letter. One, for ex- auuple, will be marked “N,’ and will contain all the names under that letter so far started, in alphabetical order. Of course, more N's from all parts of th re continually coming in, and as they ed in their after sorting. in the *N’ package. kage becomes too bull FINAL SORTING. “Now at last the slips are ready for what is called the ‘final sorting,’ which must be done by men of the utmost ekill inthe business, ‘They go over the packages and their work, though so difficult, is simply to arrange all the slips with unerring alphabetical accuracy, for the alphabetical arrangement of a directory must be absolutely perfect, else it is no good. Finally, the strips thus arranged are pasted in order upon long strips of paper and are given to the printer in “proper lengths for composi- tors’ ‘takes.’ We keep all the ‘takes’ made up in this way one year for reference. ‘That pile over there on these shelves represents the canvass for the Washington Directory of 1891. It is in- sured for £4,000. If ten of these ‘takes’ should be burned before the publication of our direc- tory we should be obliged to make an entirely new canvass of the city, because, you see, the names on each ‘take,’ being merely arranged alphabetically, come from all parts of the town. With thirty-five slips ina ‘take,’ there might be names from every district into which we have divided the capital. By the way, iet me say that a special type is used’ for directory work. We employ a printer to make adirectory, but we have to furnish our own type. BUSINESS AND WIDOWS. “We canvass the business offices as well as the dwellings, and in this way, getting two shops for each man, we establish a connection | and make sure of amore accurate and com- plete result. About widows we are more care- jul here in Washington than in directory mak: ing enywhere else.’ There is more than one reason for this. More widows with business tions are tobe found in Washington where else in the world. They are to be found in the departments, and it than large is of use to the government to know where the relicts of old soldiers and other persons who have served the state are located. Questions of pensions may be concerned, or what not. It would astonish you to know how many people lost to the view of their relatives or of lawyers anxious to tell them of something to their ad- vantage are traced through the ugency of the directory men. We were called upon only the other day to find ont what had become of a woman to whom some property belonged in a ity. Though she had meved several esand married ‘since we trated her to a fe store, over whi e dwelt, in Southoast Washington. Her inquiring relative cuzne in | here one day last week and said: ‘What can L do for you? You have found our cousin, and | she will secure the oo which is hers.” | ‘One dollar, please,’ { replied. "That is our | charge for the service.” “We are continually being called upon to people for some useful purpose. Here the directories in the United States on ov shelves, and we are often able to accom- ish much.’ Lawyers come to us constantl for information which will enable them to fol- | trace ar, frequently at stake. ‘People ask of us where in this country this or that commodity is man- ufactured or to be purchased. We fook over Sure. i 0 berena of, information, for, Ghtob 1 of usually we charge nothing. ae, WHEN THEY REFUSE. “A fanny aspect of the directery business re- applied to for their names, business, &c. That isnot an infrequent experience of the can- vaser. But we have ways of getting around soch a difficulty. If nothing better is to be done we it ‘refused’ in letters after address fol- ‘well be more low up lost individuals, fortunes being not in- | “But, as you say, it may occur that at » house e name even of the t is refused. In such case we must resort to strategy. The canvasser takes three or four empty envelopes, with bogus names on them, and the bell. He shuffles them over and ‘whoever comes to the door: ‘If you does Mr. An- derson live here?’ ‘No! . Robinson live here? ‘No! ‘Does Mr. Jones live here? ‘Y-yes, sir.’ ‘All right! says the canvasser, cheerfully, and departs. He has got the point he wanted. But he must make assurance doubly sure; therefore he waits a while until a grocers cart'or some such tradesman’s vehicle drives up., He approaches the driver and ears: ‘What is the name of the man wholives here” ‘Jones,’ Jones, beyond poesolity of stake. The es rond possibility can- saat quiets lee whose name the cart gives him and gets the full name of Jones. That goes down in the directory. Jones is all there, with his number and the word ‘refused,’ by which he is made to advertise his business as not desirable to make public. S0 much for Jones. EXPOSED BY THE DIRECTORY. “A while ago there was a man, whose name I will call Staythe, ina suburban tity of New York state. My canvasser failed to procure any information at his house. I went myself. His wife met me at the door and screamed: ‘We don’t want our name in the directory! If you put it in we'll have you arrested and bring suit against you!’ I put the name in with ‘refused’ in big letters. Suit was brought. I was put on tho stand and declared that I was obliged, as a slave to the public, to give the names and ad. dresses, business and otherwise, of the resi- dents of the city. IfIwold a directory which did not give such information in full Iwas not doing my duty nor carrying out my contract with those who bought what I sold. ‘The plaintiff, on cross-examination, was asked why Bedid not wish to havo his tame, &c.. in the directory. He replied that it was because juries were selected from the directory. Had he no other reasons? No: most certainly not. ‘Mr. Smythe,’ said the cross-examining lawyer, ‘were you not at one time treasurer of “the Blank Insurance Company of New York city? “Yes, sir, I was.’ ‘And under what circum- stances did you leave the company?’ ecase ended right there. “After making a few remarks derisive of the methods adopted by the defense for defeating the prosecution Ar. Smythe’s lawyer said that he and his client were not there fo tritle and that they would ay the costs cf the suit themselves rather than other with any longer, The fact at the bottom of itall was that Smythe had stolen $20,000 from the insurance company when he decumped and that he had refused information to the canvaa- ser because of his desire to seclude himself from observation and purauit. “I will take another sample case of a man in New York who, embarrassed little short of criminally, flits to Yonkers. He leavesno trace behind, but the week after his arrival et his new locatior. the Yonkers directory man comes around. ‘The ecanvasser has no notion that anything is wrong about Mr. Simpson, but in- formation is refused. He swoops around and Mr. G.” Washington, Simpson, (refused) goes into the directory. The directory goes by the first mails to Bradstreets and to other com- mercial agencies. ‘Why? shouts a chorus of creditors, ‘G. Washington Simpson is in Youk- ers!’ Whereupon they pounce upon him and render him into cash, pauperism, or Sing Sing, as the caso may be. Perhaps you have got some notion by this time of the usefulness of a directory as'‘an agency for the detection of dishonest persons. People who do not want their addresses and their business published have in nearly every instance some dishonesty to conceal. ‘e have some funny experiences in this way. A woman came in not long ago to this oflice and made most urgent request that we should not mention her name in the directory. She was so anxious about it that we could hardly help assenting. ‘But, madam," I «aid, as she started to go out, ‘you must tell me what your mi is.” adeed, I will not,’ she replied. But, madam,’ I protested. ‘Why, how absurd,’ she eaid. ‘If I were to tell you you might put it in.” But how am I to tell what name to leave 1 inquired in despair. ‘But ele was gone, thank goodness! I haven't seen her since, though I have been liv- ing in daily expectation. “All sorts of pleas are presented to us whero- fore we should leave out names and addresses from our directories. Wien the reasons are ont! | good we grant the request, but that happens rarely. It is mostly people that vdebt and wish to avoid payment of their ations who are anxious for such omissions. \.. are not accustomed to granttbe favor in such cases. Suits have often been brought against us for putting people's names and addresses into di- tories against their will, but we have’ never lost. Our defense is that our business is for the public und to no private or personal ad- vantage, and the complainant is usually most unwilling toair in court his reasons for not desizing to appear in the directory. There is at present not « single person in the Washing- ton Directory against whose name is marked the word ‘refused.’ No OPPOSITION. “We have no monopoly in the directory- making business in Washington. You might start in tomorrow and get up an opposition directory, procure advertisements for it and sell it. But, let me worn you, it requires eapi- tal to begin with sad, more important yet, knowledge. We have this field covered. “Do you imagine that you can cover it so well and 40 thoroughly at a few weeks’ notice? A while ago, ina certain one of the cities we publish directories for, a rival came into the field with a directory of his own. He quickly found that he could ot do the thing off-band as well as we could; 8 he copied our work. Our directory is copyrighted, and, to catch our adversary, we put into our directory more than’ a score of bogus names. One of them was ‘Duar, Frank, no, &c.’ The number was a vacant lot. We sued the other party for vio- lating our copyright. Our assertion was that the said party had copied our directory. As an example to show it we called attention to the name I have mentioned and asked the judge to read it after dividing it in the middle, first rightand then left. It read: ‘Rank Fraud! The judge wept with laughter and our case was ‘That was an instance of what we call a rival napping. In that case, in order to get hold of the advance sheets of the opposition publication, having tried every othe: way, we ought waste paper by the thousands of pounds from a shop that purchased such stuif from the printing office where the rival directory was wing turned out. We went over every scray of it—purchasing it at 14g cents a pound and selling it back to the same concern’ at }4 cent a pound—until we came across proofs of the jon advance sheets, which furnished us evidence we wanted. The result was the ruin of the opposition directory. FIGHTING FOR A GRIP. “Often it happens that we have to fight for our grip as directory makers for a city or dis- trict. We must make the battle with such weapons as we have made to our hands by years of labor in the field. Suppose, for -in- Stance, that an opposition directory concern is | started in Syracuse. We must fight it. How many men has the opposition got at work? ‘Ten. ‘Then we must have twenty. Our | age&cies in various parts of the country are | drawn upon, and experienced men are sup- | plied promptly. Instructions are that two of our men are to work wherever one of the op- | position is working. One man must precede the opposition man, and the other “must come after. If our first | man captures the citizen first, he gets his | order for the directory and his advertisement. Ifhe finds him out, the opposition man does likewise, presumably. Our second man does nothing but foilow the opposition man like a shadow. If he sees him xent away from a house he knows that the people are not at home, end he waits, When citizen comes home he fathers lim ‘in before the opposition comes ack. There are tricks in every trade, you see. The directory business, once fairly ex tablished, is hard to set up a successful opposi- tion to. It covers the field, and people who are satisfied with its work are reluctant to try ‘smother concern whieh may not do as a “Some people imagine that a directory is a old mine for the publisher, and yet that is ardiy true. It is profitable, else we could not | carry on the business; but we only print 2,500 | copies for Washington, and ont of that number we give one to every ‘advertiser and one to every charitable institution that asks for has a yu United Stat to the fact that Sfun aes oem pomitcamicipotetr nin teats; A Social Riddle, ‘From the Atchinson Globe. When married women sit and stare at the fire what are they thinking about? They usu- ally have such an odd look about the corners of their mouths and so wrinkles in their foreheads, it can't be very pleasant, introduced into a directory to catch a| ALL IN A DROP OF WATER. A Microscopist Explains Why It is That He Avoids the Fluid. 66Y70U ASKED ME THE OTHER DAY why I entertained such a prejudice against water,” said the gentleman with the toddy blossom on the end of his nose to a Sta repurter. “If you will kindly gaze through this microscope I shall be able to explain without having recourse to wordy argument. I will take adrop of water from the tap here at the washstand. There! You observe, I let it fall upon this little piece of glass. It is ready now for examination under the instrument, which I adjust toa high power. Let us eee if, in swal- lowing this pure Potomac fluid which the people of Washington are obliged to consume, they do not imbibe very many extraordinary and un- inviting ereatures. Let me turn the reflector 8 little. Now, there is a cheerful specimen right in the field of vision. | Apply, your eve to © microscope and drit ination. Isn't he lovely? marca) “That, my dear sir, is a benst’ known scien- tifically as the ‘bos § mina longirostris.’ The latter part of its name signifies long-beak Observe the coquettis! pore of its hind leg. You drink lots of those fellows every day at meals. : “Let me move the glass a trifle, soas to bring into view another part of the drop. ‘There are two rather unpleasant-looking fel- lows for you. “The wormlike one, which you see squirming around in a transparent sc a8 if anxious to get out, is called an ‘anguillua.’ ‘Cyclops’ is the name of the other, which resembles a young six-legged baby somewhat, I think. It ix young, too, being newly hatched; but it will grow much bigger, which is a comfort. You yourself consume ever so many such, “But look here! Now that I have moved the glass a tritle the other way I have brought into iew still another of the drop, in which ing the ‘cyclops quadri- 80 called because it is a one-eyed mon- ster with four horns and ten lege. Take @ look at him. “won't bore you with any more just now, but I could show ‘you more than two hundred species of such microscopic creatures in the water, each of them with a scientific name of its own. I might mention, for example, the vorticella of formidable jaws, the closierium, precisely the shape of a pair of cow's horns; Several species of hydra with waving tentacles, and the ‘amphara gigas,’ in the shape of an SKINS ON FIRE With Aconizinc Eczemas and other Ircurya, Burxinc, Scacy, and Brorcuy Skin and Scarp Distasss are relieved in the majority of cases by a single application of the Cuticura Remedies, and speedily, permanently, and economically cured, when physicians, hospitals, and all other remedies fail. Cuticura Remedies are the greatest skin cures, blood purifiers, and humor reme- dies of modern times, are absolutely pure, and may be used in the treatment of every humor, from the simplest facial blemishes to the severest diseases of the blood, skin, and scalp. CUTICURA The great Skin Cure, instantly allays the most intense itching, burning, and inflammation, permits rest and sleep, clears the scalp of crusts and scales, speedily soothes and heals raw and irritated surfaces, and restores the hair. Cuticura Soap, an exquisite Skin Puri- fier and’ Beautifier, is indispensable in cleansing diseased surfaces. CuTicuRA ResoLvENT, the new Blood and Skin Purifier, and greatest of Humor Remedics, cleanses the blood of all impurities an. poisonous elements, and thus removes the cause. Hence the Curicura Remepigs cure every disease and humor of the skin, from pimples to scrofula. 8“ How To Cone Diseases oF Tue Sir, Scate, axD Buoop ” mailed free to any address, 64 Pages, 309 Dis 0 Iiustrations, 100 Testunonials. Conicura Renitongs ate. aold’ everywhere. (Conicura Resowvext, Prepared by An Eye for Beauty ’A book of priceless value to every Price, Cv em Dave axp A, soc. 3 CuTicura SOAP, 956.5 EMICAL CORPORATION, is satisfied beyond expression when it gares upoa ‘a skin purified and beautified by Cuticura ek incomparably the greatest of skin purifiers and beautifiers, while rivalling im deta cacy and ee ae eee ee eee ee ees ornamental letter 0. There no end of things which these creatures imitate in form. One looks like a fish, but is not. Another re- sembles a broom, still another a coal scoop, and ad infinitum, it is all very well for persons who are not acquainted with these thinge to drink water, but a microscopist like myself ought to know better. And when you consider the dis- ease germs, like those of typhoid, which are 80 apt to haunt the fluid, you cannot but realize the desirability of avoiding it as Ido. ‘The great point about whisky is that it will kill any- thing.” A German Romance Which Proves the Truth of the Old Adage. RATCLIFFE, DARK & CO. Anitionsers, AUCTION SALES. GT8P ORIENTAL BAZAAR, 1022 CONNECTICUT AVR., D. K. VARZHABEDIAN & ©O. over buy Oriental Rugs under gas lieht. Weare continuing our SPECIAL SALE of SUPERB ORIENTAL RUGS ond CAR- PETS. Our REDUCED PRICES during the last ‘week have startled the public. See them be- fore buying elsewhere. We save you euc- thoneer's fees and many disadvantages ao 2022 Connecticut ave., D. K. VARZHABEDIAN & 00. StTep BratEs MARSHALS SALE nd ont of the clerk'® District ot tote ane No. 2h, ne of an onder the Nunes pAsiee | _RaTOLAPPE, 929 Pennsyivania ave. now. ONT! EE'S SALE BY AUC. a k OF DIAMONDS, Ww 1. KINDS. SULIT SI iM. TOMOKROW TY-THIKD, at hevenin at same hour nn os sold at private sak cially invited to the sal I stork ts disposed theday. Ladies | From the Gzliznani Messenger. The daughter of a Jewish merchant at Ham- burg resided in Berlin with a brother and made the acquaintance of an orthodox Christian so- licitor. They fell in love with each other, but the solicitor’s father made his consent depend- ent on the young lady's conversion to Chris- tianity. But the father of the latter expressed a wish that his danghter should remain a Jewess, at any rate until his death. In spite of this she was baptised on a certain day in December last year, at 2 o'clock, im- mediately after which she became engaged to the solicitor. Abont an hour afterward a tel- egram arrived from Hamburg announcing that the death of her father from an apoplee! stroke had taken place on the same day at 2:30 o'clock. When the father's testament was opened it was found that beddes the share of his prop- legally belonging to his danghter he had bequeathed to her a legacy of 20,000 marks r the condition that she “remained a Jew- ess till his death. Her conversion, however, having taken place half an hour before she lost the legacy. Legal ptoceedings were instituted by her to dispute the validity of the clause, but they have been unsuccessful. A Prolonged Farewell. From Munsey’s Weekly. Sp, PI = aS ANTIQUE AND MODERN ORIENTAL RUGS, | TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY HOMAS DOWLING, Auctioneer. SPECIAL AND IMPORTANT SALE By Catalogue Of an EXTRAORDINARY COLLECTION OF CARPETS, PORTIERES, EMBROIDERIES, &c., To be sold by public auction At my Art Rooms, 11th aud Penn. ave., AND SATURDAY, January 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 1891, At 11 a.m. and2.30p.m. On exhibition with Catalorue Monday, January 26. By order of the Oriental Trading Co., Importers. proses d THOMAS DOWLING, Auctioneer. JRATCLIFFE, DARE & CO., Auctioneers, ‘920 Penna. ave. n.w. R- s JANUARY Wve named store tise entire stork con: | sich te Attention of the trade and is the p IP HOS. E. WAGGAMAN, Real Estate Auctioneer. TRUSTEES’ SALE OF FIVE (5) TWO-STORY AND sua! District, with the huprovements above stated. on each lot at equal installa for which the notes of tie purchaser, bearing interest from day of sate and secured by deed of trust on prop- erty sold, Wi be taken, oF all cash, at option ot pure chaser. If terms are not complied with in tteen from sale the trustees reserve the right to resell the Property at the risk and chaser or purchasers. “Ail will be at purchaser's cost.. ENT» KICK DWELLINGS, WITH TWO- BRICK BACK BULDINGS, ONO ET BETWEEN 187 AND 3D STREETS 8 deed of trust, reconted in Liber No. at the reqnest of the Darcy tuersiy wat the request of the party thereby It at public auction, im front or, the ESDAY, Fr BEUARY FOURTH, MINUTES OF FOUR O'CLOCR | in the subdivision of piss, as per plat in book jurveyor's office of ace 149, ‘Terns: One-third cas, of which 8100 aiust be ve and the balance in three in six, twelve and eighteen months, of fhe detwuiting par. THOS. E” WAGGAMAN,! qyostees, JW. PILLING. "THON, E. WAGGAMAN, Auct. Ja23-dkds (PHOS. E. WaGGAMAN, No, 1445, folio 448. of the Land Records of the District of ited Tiree Which notes of purchaser, bearinz interest | of sele end secured by Will be taken, or ail casi, ‘Terms to be complied with in sale, or trustees reserve the right to resell at risk and cost’ of detau. ting purchaser or ‘Veyancing and recondins Real Estate Auctioneer. SALE OF FOUR, y BRICK D’ REET. By virtue of a deed of trust, recorded in Liber id at the request of tue party” therehy se~ in “front o: ‘of the Surveyor's Of strict, with the improveimente above steted. ‘Terms: One-third casi, of which $100 mist be de- ‘on each jot at tte of sae, and balance in | equal installments in 6, 12 and 18 montis, tor A trou. da: inca of trust, on pronerty aol i ‘at option of purchaser, ‘teen days frou day cf urciasrss il cone Will be at purchaser'scost. vAGGAMAS. rustees. (Tuomas Dowzin On THURSDAY, AT ELEVEN O'CLOCK A.M., at the country resi- | dence of the late John B. Clagett, on 7th street road, about one mile north of Brightwood, D.C., I wil seit | the above effects. STEES’ SAL WITH 18.000 NEAK MA esp aid Fee land records ot quest of Paid in cash. residue month) auy orapnuaily . payuents agerecatine hot fx Lupurea dollars ( Jer cent per enn ot trast laser, “The stock ¢ oid Liarrison ‘Transparency Frauen, Al! of said personal propert: ‘whole and tr no adequate bid oUtained tbe Offered in retail lots. ‘Terms of sale: ance in equal installiuents in one and two years, cured to the satusfaction of the trustees. If sod tail jots, allcash. -N are complied with. _pe2ats ATCLU DARE & ©O., A: R FFE, ro) Juctioneers: IMPROVED REAL. ‘OF TWENTY AND F 8 § Ou MONDAY AFTERNOO} ry SIXTH, at HALF-PAST FOUR O'CLOCK, we will offer 16r sale by public auction, in IMPORTANT SALE. 32 MILCH Cows, ONE BULL, ONE HORSE, ONE PHAETON, 2 SETS HARNESS, 2 CARRIAGES, 2 WAGONS, | \J 1 FARMING IMPLEMENTS, ETC., ETC., AT AUCTION. JANUARY TWENTY-NINTH. TERMS CASE. By order of W. B. CLAGETT, Attorney. _d2i-ats THOMAS DOWLING, Auctioner. . Auctioneers. E MOUSE, NGSE ped Suis! ison ata ites ut consti= ley to the West of to mud Morris save. One-tian hase money to be arteriy., se ‘quarteriy, hy purchaser 1s to ive prousory Botes se ures by deed h PROPErLY sid, OF ali cash, i and cost of the deianiting purchaser after five days advertisement of such Feaale i Soine bewse Paper published ims Tio hundred dollars (2200) accept oe ail conveyan “nz ALEERI BE RUPE, Trastee. Wii BALDWIN, ‘rr (THOMAS DOWLING, Auctioneer, TRUSTEES’ SALE OF THE STOCK IN TRADE, FIXTURES, GOOD WILL, WAGON AND HAR- NESS OF THE PHOTOGRAPHIC STORE OF THE LATE C. 8. CUDLIP, No. 450 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE NORTHWEST. By virtue of achattel trust, dated the 15th day of December, Records of the SUPPLY ISSH, and reconied among the Land istrict of Columbia, im Liver 1a, irevthon of the parties secured thereby, ab the undersicned trastees will sell at. pablie auction om the Preuoses. No. dua) Peansy!vunia avenue Bortliwest, on ait. JANUAR) not then disposed of, again at Stock in trade fixtures and ali the photographic Supplies you the at ove-iuentioned Pretuises, Barnes used in aid about said buss DAY THE Ty eNiy-NINIM DAY OF 18M, at TEN O'CLOCK A. ‘Views, nexatives, pictures, ‘onsists in part of 3} Dallmeyer Lenses, zens, 7 Cameras, larve lot of Cards of all tock of Photocra If sold a8. whole one-half cash : 4. A. LIPSCOMB, SirbiS DEAR, } Trastece, Sivania ave. now. ESTATE ON THE EAST SIDE FIRST STREET BETWEEN FE Ts NORTHWEST BY AVI N. JANUARY TWENTY. ‘of the “PILL THOS. E. WAGGAMAN, ‘Auct: jersdbds ([HOMAS DOWLING, Auctioneer. POSTPONED UNTIL MONDAY, TWENTY-SIXTH CHOICE SPECIMENS OF JAPANESE BRONZES, INSTANT. « A SMALL COLLECTION OF PORCELAINS, ANTIQUE CONVEX MIRROR. . ALgO AFRICAN BRASS GOODS, DRAPERY, SPANISH CABINET, ANTIQUE SOFA, he. ke. On MONDAY, JANUARY ‘TWENTY-SIXTH, 1801, at ELEVEN A.M. and THREE P.M., at my art rooms, 11th and Pa. ave., I shall sell aconsignment ; ost of the above goods, among which are some choice pieces. 22 ‘Now on exhibition. ‘RUSTEES! PROPERTY IN THE NORTHWEST 8: THE clry THE NORTH SIDE OF S STREET BETWEEN FIFTEEN’ TEI 2 SALE OF VALUABLE 4 0 CONSISTING OF A NICE LOT ON ‘EENTH ‘TH AND SIX PROVED BY A TWO-STOX) BRICK D' KNOWN AS PREMISES NORTHWEST. FOR THE Urepered BALM Veen! com Aliwon, MILLE. M. 3. PRANDT'S, 222) Fst. now. (Mrs. Harrison's), Linporter of Fine French Lair Goods, it NCH DVFING, SCOT b 1 ms xual te A. FISCHT oo j FAMILY SUPPLIES. — sat Revere Ix Prices der 4 Tull line of Fancy Grocer. ieaale Prices tor Can DOA. POOLE, The Can . <a Ud La ave. me BERL CREAMERY BUTTER, Soe, PE POUND. Buy butte me, Ze. GENTLEMEN'S GOOL‘ att. Stock OF FOREIGN COATINGS, VFSTINGS. z ERCOATINGS AND TROUS- SIVED. GENTLEMEN WHO sARELN- VITED TO INSPECT. ALL GAMMENISCUE BY M.D. BAKG, LUD PA. AVE. Al GUAM ANTERD 10 0 OF 1ke CUMibCT S4 kim, SLECTROPATEY &.¥., positively Cures the tues? oom Of nervous discanen, dy spepe Yathis, te toot powertal mere Khown to sa AL MASSAGE CAN BE ObT with best of medical refereuce by apply uns ‘th st.u.w. Cousuitation apd advice Ire a tute Fived abd »worn © rt ANHOOD RESTOKED BY USING A BOTTLE ortwoot Dr. BAGIHEKS' invigorating cordial. Willeure sty cast of mervous deity. “Wo Bata Oo YOUNG AND MIDDLE AGED. alizou mer from any speciat or pervons Re ee) ‘Nort ~betet