Evening Star Newspaper, August 30, 1890, Page 10

10 —— THE TRIPLE-SCREW CRUISER. DRIVEN BY THREE SCREWS, The Huge Protected Cruiser Planned by Uncle Sam. SHE WILL HAVE THE INNOCENT APPEARANCE OF 4 MERCHANTMAN AND STEAM TWENTY-TWO ENOTS AN HOUR — ARRANGEMENT OF BER POWERFUL BOILERS AND MACHINERY. NDER authority conferred upon the Navy Department by the act of Congress | [making appropriations for the naval service, approved Jrne 80, 1890, plans for a protected cruiser of about 7,300 tons displacement are now being prepared in the Bureaus of Construction and Repair and Steam Engineering. Proposals have been in- vited under date of July 1, 1890, from all repu- table builders under two classes, as follows: Class 1. For the construction of the hull and machinery, including engines, boilers and ap- purtenances, complete in all respects in ac- cordance with the plans and specifications pro- vided by the Secretary of the Navy. Class 2. For the construction of the bull and machinery, including engines, boilers and ap- purtenances, complete in all respects in ac- cordance witk the plans and specifications pro- | vided by the bidder. No proposal will be considered unless nccom- panied by full and complete specifications of | ‘the hull and machinery by such plans as may | be necessary for a thorough interpretation of the design thereof, and by a satisfactory guar- antee of the results of the same if adopted. Bidders may, if they desire, adopt the plans | and specifications of the department for the | hull end machinery, or any part thereof, and embody them in their plans and specifications | to b bmitted with their proposals. The | plans and specifications submitted by the bid- ders must, however, conform to th ire ment that all their parts shall be of domestic manufacture and in compliance with the pro- visions of the act of August 3, 1836. The con- tractor must guarantee an average speed in the open sea under conditions prescribed by the Navy Department of 21 knots per hour, aiuteined for four consecutive hours, during which the air pressure in the fire rooms shall not exceed one inch of water, and for every quarter knot of speed above the guarantee the contractor shall receive a premium of 250,000, | while for every quarter knot that the vessel | fails of reaching the required speed there shall be deducted from the contract price the sum of $25,000. The plans now being prepared by the department may be seen and examined at the department on and after the 20th instant. The | vessel must be completed within two and one- | half years after the contract is signed. THE PLANS. The department plans call for a vessel 400 feet long on the mean load line; beam molded | 58 feet; draught, mean normal, 23 feet; ex- | treme normal, 24 feet; displacement, normal, | about 7,300 tons; speed sustained, 21 knots, and | indicated horse power, 20,500. The main bat- tery consists of four 6-inch B.1. R.of high power, eight 4-inch B.L.P. rapid firing, about eizhteen | machine guns and six torpedo tubes. The ar- rangement of the motive power will be some- what novel, as the force wili be transmitted through three screws, one placed amidships, as in ordinary single-screw vessels, and two others placed further forward, one on cach side, as is Usual in twin-screw vessels; this arrangement is not entirely new, having been adopted by the French for some of their later vessels, but Fepresent the latest advance in the stcam engi- meering line where such great power isto be taansmitted. If twin screws were used over 10,000 1H. P. would pass through one shaft, now | each shaft transmits only 6,850, and the v one more chance in cuse of break do The machinery and boilers were designed by | Engineer-in-Chief Meiville, and consist of three sets of triple expansion vertical inverted cylinder engines, driving the triple screws be- fore mentioned. the center screw being about four feet six inches below the othertwo. Each engine is placed in a water-tight compartment | and iscomplete in every respect, go that th vessel may be propelled at a slow speed by th center screw alone, by the two outer screw: @ medium speed and by the three screws when the highest rate of speed is required. Each | shaft is fitted with o disenzaging coupling, so that when not in use the propellers are free to revolve. ADVANTAGES CLAIMED, The great advantage of this arrangement is that itallows the machinery to be worked at its maximum and most economical number of revolutions at all rates of the vessel's speed, and each engine can always be used for pro- pelling the vessel, an advantage of great im- portance and one that the arraugemeut of two sets of engines working on the same screw doce not The steam pressure is 160 pounds. ‘The en- e dimensions are as follows: Diameter of igh-pressure cylinder, 42 inches; diameter of intermediato-pressure cylinder, 59 inches; diameter of y sowteaet cylinder, 92 inches; stroke (common), 42 inches, The sbafting is made of = steel, 16.5 inches in diameter, with an exiai hole 7.5inches in diameter, Steel has boom used wherever possible, so as to make the machinery as light as is consistent with safety. The totul capacity of the circulating pumps per minute when used for bilge purposes is 40.500 callons. The total indicated horse power developed at 129 revolutions per minute and a forced daught of one inch of water is 21,000. There main double-ended botlers, placed in tight corapartments, and two single- ended auxiliary boilers placed on the berth deck. The air-tight fire-room system oi forced draught is use Six of the double-ended boilers are 15 feet 6 inches in diameter and 21 feet 6 inches long, each having eight furnaces ond 175.5 square feet of grate surface and 5,932.4 square feet of heating surface. Two of the double-ended boilers are 11 feet 8 inches in diameter and 18 feet8.5 inches long, each having four furnaces and 84 feet of grate surface and 2.870 square feet of heating suriace. ‘The total grate surface fur the main boilers is 1,221 et, and total heating surface £1,334.4 square feet. Each auxiliary boiler is 10 feet diameter and 8 feet 6 inches long, with two furnaces, and has 32 square fect of grate surface and 968.5 square feet of heating surface. ‘The total grate surface for auxihary boiders is 64 square feet and their total heating surface 1,937 square feet, All the boilers are constructed of steel for a working pressure of 160 pounds. AN ARMORED DECK. ‘The vital portions of the vessel are protected by an armored deck 4 inches thick on slopes and 234 inches on the flat The space between this deck and the gun deck will be minutely subdivided by cent bunkers and store rooms. In addition to these a coffer-dam 5 feet in width will be worked next to the ship's side for the whoie length of the vessel. In the bunkers this will be filled with a patent substance, forming a wall 6 feet thick against machine gun fire, which can also be utilized as fuel in an emergency. Forward and abaft the coal bunkers the coffer-dam will be filled with some ter-excluding substance similar to ‘“wood- In the wake of the four-inch and ma- | chine guosthe ship's side will be armored with four and two inch plates. The six-inch juns are mounted in the open, protected by eavy shicids attached to the gun carriages. The accommodations for oilive: id crew r incandescent yop | by electricity have been incorporated in the design, The coal capacity is very large, reaching 2,000 tons, Atten knots speed per hour this will give the vessel an endurance of 109 days, # radius of action of 216,240 knots, or, in other words, she will be able to steam around the world in 109 days without recoaling. HER INNOCENT Loox. In appearance the vessel resembles closely an ordinary merchantman, the sides being nearly cleur of projections or sponsons rhich ordinarily appear on vessels of war. She will have two signal m will have ho military tops on them. howe: ‘The function of the vessel is to destroy the commerce of an enemy, aud therefore her general appearance is such as to enable her to get within range before her character is discovered. Asa whole this vessel ii represent the latest idea of a powerful, conomical, protecte:| commerce destroyer. ‘The bail will be of steol, the vitals of the ship id ite stability well protected and the gun sta- tions shielded against machine guns. The sub- division of the buil is such ay to form a double hull below the water, and offers as great se- curity against damuge from torpedo attack as can be given in a vessel of this class, ADVERTISING IN ALL AGES, Primitive Means of Announcing Wares Before the Day of the Newspuper. HE WISE in the business world have for many ages availed themselves of the sci- jence of advertising. One of the most | ancient modes of attracting public patron- | ‘age was by means of public criers, long before the age of printing. The medieval erier used to carry a horn with which to fx the attention of the people when about to make © proclamation or publication. They formed ® well-organized body in France as early as| the twelfth century. Under a charter from | Louis VII they were entitled to a penny for every time they biew their horns, and could | force themselves upon tavern keepers, to cry | their wares, under a general statute. at) ® very carly period formed themselves into a | tion, and im 1258 obtained from Philip Augustus favorable statutes of the most tyranni- cal kind. | | THE PNGLISH CRIER. In England public criers appear to have been ® national institution at an early period, They ried all kinds of goods, and were sworn to tell | “truly aud well to the best of their ability and ! power.” After awhile the bellman or town Grier was appointed for the benefit of the com- munity st larze. In most of the country towus of Great Britain, and even in Loudon, there ere still belimen and parish criers, though ‘their offices are little more than sipecures, The wincial crier’s ai re of the most varied Sextniption and ry objects lost or found, sales by public suction or private contract, christenings or funerals, But the bellman as & has seen his last days. Nearly three-quarters fs century ago in England wagons were driven through the streets surmounted by re- volving turrets on which were painted faming announcements of coming events, an¢ men on back rode ap and down ‘the ‘principal fares With great bill boards strap pop side of them to attract public ane tion. THE BEGINNINGS OF NEWSPAPER AVERTISING. The first regular newspaper, The Certain Hewes of Thus Present Week, published in Lone don in 1622, contained no advertisements; but in 1862 advertisemeuts appeared in something like the preseut form in the Mercurius Politi- cus. Books were the articies earliest adver- fised. The great plague in London brought forth the first medical advertisements. In 3700 Addison, reviewing the advertisements o: Bis time, speaks of their “cuts and — The Loudon Times was established in 1738, but did little to reduce advertising to a system, but demonstrated its value and ye eyo The daily journal, Independent York, 1787, im its second year oontained Cap Rape advertisemants, From that time growth of American adver- tising developed the fact that extensive ad- Netting was a legitimate necessity ‘The other —_ metropolitan papers founded ve greatly popularized advertis- since 1533 ing. 4 special feature bm ym about this time ‘Was “business notices” “special notices,” @ommanding high prices. THE GROWTH OF NEWSPAPER ADVERTISING, The demand for systewatic advertisement be- @ame so great that about 1828 the first ‘“‘adver- fising agency” in America was established, Pr Ss le firm to advertise tothe amount of $200,000 ear excites little surprise. But these agencice &re too slow for ‘modern bazaars, who isements almost daily. They employ an advertising expert as one of of their estab! ents whose uly duty it is to prepare tisements for devoted re ‘farni cute ‘ iv entirely to furnishi: for advertisements. “Printer's ial ” used as synon- ywous with advertising recognized asan ‘epee to success commercial BOARDING HOUSE AMENITIES. Stray Bits of Conversation From the Table and in the Store. From the New York Tribune. “I think you may send me a quart of huckle- berries,” said the landlady to the market man, as she looked about for bargains in wilted egg- plants, “Have you many boarders this summer, ma'am?” he asked, mildly. “Nine.” “Isn't a quart of berries rather—rather light, for nine?” he ventured, “Not with me,” she snapped. “Four of my boarders don’t eat huckleberries for breakfast and five don't eat bananas, so I alternate and ketch half either way. “Ian'tice very high just now, Mrs. Cod- hooker,” inquired the young gentleman boarder anxiously of the landlady at break- fast. “TI should say it was,” she gushed. “My ice bills are so frightful I don't kuow which way to — to meet them.” 4 “was going to say,” responded th. gentleman boarder, henitatingly, “that” these boiled eggs are so cold they would keep meat.” August maxim: A cool doorste; tter than ® hot hall bed-room. ape ae! She was a stout old woman with a red face and two wisps of gray hair that were draped back over euch ear from the sprouting place a “We don’t want at ihe said, as sh: ned the door and saw a young man on the Hoop. “But, madam——' “Never mind.” “I merely want to explain to yo —" “Don't want any ip paige Get al id ye.” “fen tw wei Get along wid ye. “Don't. Ihave a broom in my oth and if you're working Annie Ieoney sonnet books or subscriptions I'll whack you. a understand you take boarders, madam?" “Yea. “I am introducing a little book entit! d ‘Ay byl 7 pew bo as Friend.” . one with you?” inquired th of the doorway, anxiously. #5 Bars “Yes.” “Come in.” “Mra, Codbooker,” said the tall man at the end, as he helped himeclf to butter wich “Yes, Mr. Bullheimer?” “Wouldn't it be » good plan ter in a bottle during August?" “How did you . dear,” Pie you sleep, dear, severely of the young lady boarder, as she dished out some oatmeal for her “Not very well. There seemed to be some to serve the but- inquired the .THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON. D. C., SATURDAY, WITHOUT A COUNTRY. Demoralizing Effect of European Life Upon Some Americans, WHERE GOSSIP FLOURISHES. Changes in Manners of American Resi- dents in Paris and Other Eurepean Cities—Purposeless Lives That Make ‘Them Uapatriotic—How to See Eurepe. Sareeoek? ene, Written for the EvEsIne Stam WIT in Paris on being asked what wes the nationality most potent in Paris said that if he was asked to write a school book he should say: “Population of Paris three millions, principally Americans.” The hoegira of Americans to Paris, to Europe, to “foreign parts,” has become so enormous that it well may be counted inas one of the potent influences which does and will mold the American character. The sum of 60,000,000 a year floats into the city of Paris alone through the hands of the bankers from America, and North America at that, How much more those rich South Americans spend there I have never dared to ask, They are prodigiously rich and popular, and at the great exposition of 1839 if you said “America” it meant Brazil, Chili, the Argentine Republic to listening ears; it did not mean New York, Boston, Washington or San Francisco. However, for the purposes of this paper, we will think of North America only as showing the effect of travel and life in Europe, The races are mostly Sponiah and French, who in- habit the southern continent; they have there- fore only gone home when they return to Paris. With us of Puritan lineage the effect is quite different. Woe go to another race, differ- i from us in antecedents, religion and hav- ing a totally different idea of the value of speaking the truth. Itis avast and an over- whelming change. To use a French word, for which we have no exact translation, it 1s a bouleversement of ail our traditional beliefs. THE FIRST IMPRESSIONS, As travelers we experience for the first time all the most delightful emotions; we see the grandést and the most wonderful cities, the finest roads, the most comfortable hotels. All the world is our servant, the servant of that almighty dollar, which, as a nation, we fling about us most lavishly. We get more for it at first than we do at home, and we are too dazzled to measure with exactitude how much of our owa enthusiasm and pleasure at taking @ holiday is thrown into our first enjoyment of Europe. We sve Switzerland and its wonders, and Kome with its fascination, We open the door of that wonderful past, which ia the palace of Aladdin. To the reader and the thinker every old church is a shrine, every palace a historical treat. We go to Westminster Abbey as achild roturns to grandfather's house; or enter Notre Dame, where everything has happened, with our ideas full of Clovis, Charle- mague and Victor Hugo. We go to Spain and lay a pious hand on the iron cofin of duabella, re. joicing that Prescott and Irving have returned to her the hospitality she exended to Colum- bus. If we are students we haunt the galleries of Madrid. Paris, Florence and Dresden, Hol- land, London aud Rome. and grow to be like those exalted beings mentioned in Taylor's “Physical Theory of our New Life,” the eye seems to have more power, and the ear can hear the melodies of heaven. Of tho joys of travel to the untraveled there can be no words too expressive, no language too exaggerated to describe them. We iove Europe and we hate to come home, and we become less good Americans. But if as travelers we go too often or it we stay too long the glamor does not last. In the first place, suppose we join an American colony anywhere, We begin to be dis- illusioned” and to find, in the first pluce, that the colouists are discon- tented, They have puiled up their roots; they are of no importance in Rome or Paris, ‘They have lost their place at home. ‘ho life be- comes petty; they are not part of a great com- monwealth, whose charitios, whose religion, whose country, whose dignity, whose every: day enormous interests embrace and ennoble them. They are a disintegrated atom, blown by the caprice of landlords from one street to another, and they feel always this isolation. It makes them captious, gossipy, small, The immediate cost of every article, the servants, the little dog, become the subjects of conver- sation, and then, alas! the character of one’s neighbor is the favorite topic. THE BANE OF COLONY LIFE. T have never heard character so discussed or 80 torn to pieces as in certain American colonies in Europe. In London, Ouida, in her latest novel, satirizes this disposition of the Ameri- can woman to abuse the past of every other American woman. To be sure many women have very much improved their position by changing their latitude and longitude. But if we improve our social position by changing our latitude and longitude, why not let us stay im- proved? Change of sir is good for the consti- tution, why should that same elovated hygiene be refused to the delicate state of health known as a doubtful social position? Mrs, Brown of Boston may never have beon appreciated in Boston. In Loudon sho is highly appreciated. But Mrs, Beacon Hill is angry at this and tells everybody in London all “about Mrs. Brown.” She merely gots laughed at for ber pains, as w! does tho London lady care for the traditions of Beacon Hill? In London all wish to be amused, and the more American Mrs. Brown is the more they are amused, while Mrs. Beacon Hill does not amuso them ai all. WITHOUT AN ANCHORAGE, This utter lack of “esprit du corps” ins nation so true to its fing is remarkable. It is the first, but by no means the last evil effect of Europe on the American character. It shows the demoralizing influence of thai up- rooting process which an Anglo-Saxon seems to be worse than to any other nation, Per- haps because home anda love of home which the English-speaking races carry into all their colonizations, in Australia and other simpler states, ig left out, and thus one anchorage is 1 But it is quite true that luxurious colon- ists in London, Paris, Rome, Florence are dis- contented us a rule, and ‘that they quarrel much more with each other than any other colonists is also truc. Therefore one asks why? And must fiud the answers where they can, Who will ans it? There are some questions which are never answered, as “What is Truth.” To those people who live in Europe because they find their oenpetet there these remarks do not apply. any bankers, merchants, artists, clergymen and all officials have just as much home life in Europe as anywhere else. The American colony in Paris is rich in most admirable women, devoted to charities and to good works, but they are those who most de- Plore the evil effects of Europe on certain other characters, Let one iady appear with much jewelry; let her entertain splendidly and attract the notice of Europeans. Her worst critics are her own country people. Leta young girl marry ad- vantageously (as the word goes); she is sure to be ab: Supposing that en American uccessfui novel or play; he is ealled a plagiarist. Americans do not praise him, and it was mentioned of arecent consul, whose popular mannersmade him a great favorite, that it was a “pity he should be removed, for — his fellow countrymen speak well of im,” L088 OF PATRIOTISM. The effect of Europe on the American char- acter has perhaps extended that somewhat un- certain article known as culture, It has im- proved taste and enlarged the mind of those who come home. All the matter of internal decoration, of the highly refined way of living and the knowledge of art—this has ‘been won- derfull: veloped by European travel. A b ined sort of trouble with the oats in the yard. I and in his own library, Dut a nose coe erae never beard anythin; like it. the world must see Europe—see it broadly, “Did yon hear it?” asked the maces pon philosophically, and with those unpre} sugar; ‘it was yellow cat Tom's | eyes which are birthright of an American. fault, Hesat down onthe kitchen window- Iknow no men superior to those traveled sill last evening and the fypaper stuck to his Americans who have not lost their patriotism be og — out a Roe —s one ee loyalty. combine ee med a f com! virtues, but thie morning be came in with the ‘pay = |e toke Kot vot nae bane - bapa _ pp sy — ors * cmc ge ‘ = soap and a slipper “Did you ge per off?” inquired th young lady Sid much iateleae een fone wi fanned the upper aide, and he's oat now for the other slipper.’ The dinner to her household last Bonday by « fn mahal yor | was : e “eo as to wondered why they had teeth. al either elty, except in the season, which ios rolls will yez heve ma'am,” inquired the wait- Rome, to Bazot tr the ress of & 46th street landlady before break- | comes in love tor hoes td fast. before one of it, detight “Tell him those hard ones with crease as te Eden, bat it has oh down the middle,” she answered. “Then you | Nice and at Monte Carlo, demoralizations, z= them in half. This isn’t no weather fpr | the and to cat a whole roll at one meal,” a os proving influences, The quarrels between the Americans of Nice have file the law courts, have given stories to novelists,and remain a na- tion disgrace. with its illimitable ite noble king and’ queen, its delightful colony, ought to be an exception; but it, too, has ite tmal nap hidden andor the grape leaves. Read that novel “By the Til and jearm how one poor woman was nearly hounded to death. A PURPOSELESS LIFE. One may say that this argument is not con- elusive as to the effect of Europe on the Ameri- can character, but that idleness and life in hotels and boarding houses, life in gloomy = cuit of . without a definite oceupation, would lead to these miasmatic gro' or course, they would, in @ measure. No argu- meat is perfect, no circle is perfect, no people are perfect, but there isno denying the fact that the alienated Americans, t) who had given up the idea of home, are more prone to this fault of backbiting than any other. Many rich people have for the last thirty years gone to Europe to live, finding more for their money over there at home. Noone can gainsay the right, which is theirs, to live where they please. Nor can it be denied that one gets much more for $5,000 a year over there. Ae the income is larger the proportion- ate amount of luxury to be derived 1s very much greater. The wealthy American who has lived long enough in ion, or Paris, or Rome to make himself a citizen of renown gets a great deal for his money. But what is the future of hisson? Hes he nota little of that vague uneasiness of a man without a country? 4 MAN WITHOUT 4 COUNTRY, I heard ofsuchan instance in Pari, A young man with arich father—I think he was from Boston—asked me who was governor of Massachusetts, I did not know, and I asked him why he wished toknow. He said he had been asked to meet the governor of Mas ebusetts at dinner, and as he was a Massa- chusetts man ho thought he ought to know his name. | asked: “What are your politics?” “My politics! he; “{ never had any. I do not take stock in this little Duc d’Or- leans. President Carnot does not fill me with enthusiasm. Perhaps I'll go to Russia and offer myself to the czar. Let us see—our Pres- ident is called Harrison, now, isn't he?” ‘There was asea weed for you! There wass disintegrated American, a young man without acountry. And what was worse, he was sigh- ing for one. His ancestors had helped to build our ship of state. They had fought for the fing. Somewhere in the breast of this young a accomplished cosmopolite lingered that hunger of the heart, for a homo, a duty, hearthstone. Itis the deprivation of these which is one of ti ts of Europe upon Americans. As for women, their happiness is apt to be made or marred by marriage every- where, A woman's country is that of the man she loves, So that it is not always a bad thing fora woman to marry in Europe, although there have been some conspicuous failures, The young married women, who seek Europe ana pleasure ground, are those most apt to be injured by its cities and watering place life. But to any woman who seeks only amusement and the gratification of variety one country is as dangerous as another. M. E, W. Suzrwoop. eee ny GEN. ORDWAY’S BRIGADE. The National Guardsmen—The Practice of the Creedmoor Team. Around the armories of the District National Guard during the past week there has been an access of life, but the quantity of energy has not been materially increased. The returned soldier boys content themselves with the least fatiguing forms of amusement, and are satisfied to wait a few days more before going into the business of the fall and winter. Next week Grills will recommence in most of the battalions, aud then will ensue programs of milltary vigor and usefulness which will vary accordingly as the battalion commanders are industrious or otherwise, REORGANIZING THE FIFTH BATTALION. One of the largest jobs on hand is the reor- ganization of the fifth battalion, The first in- spection of that battalion was a failare and a re- inspection showed even worse results. Maj. Long's resignation is at headquarters and his successor’s appointment will undoubtedly made during the coming week. The new major will be one of the most active of all the mili- tary men in the District anda first-class bat- talion may safely be looked for under his ad- ministration. Gen, Ordway knows just the kind of a man that battalion necds he be- lieves he has found him. Precisely who he is does not yet appear, but there are rumore abroad that a great many men hope are true, becauso the promotion which is foreshadowed in them is well deserved. Capt. O'Brien of the Emmet Guard is said to be the officer whose shoulder straps will need to be changed. GETTING READY FOR A MOB. Just as soon as Gen. Ordway can find time in which to complete his ideas as to the tactics necessary in dealing with a riotous mob these tactics will be promulgated. The probabilities are that no street drill will take place until some time in October, but when it does come it will come in a hurry. No one will be given any notice of it until within an hour ar so of the time when the assembly will be sounded. THE CREEDMOOR TEAM IMPROVES. Preparation for Creedmoor is going right along. The team had its regular practice on Tuesday last and is hard at work this after- noon. Last Tuesday's work was the best yet, the team total—ten shots at 200 ie and five shots each at 500and 600 being 949, Two of the best shots, one of them Capt. Cash, were absent, ai yet the average Operas gave cach man 79.1 per cent of the highest jossible, The nearest the team has come to is wagon the 12th instant, when the per- centage was 78.4. Next week the only prac- tice that can be had will be on Saturday (the third artillery occupying the range), but it will be a full day of | ey or as nearly so ascan be arranged, because that will be the last opportunity for practice JB bei to the departure for Creedmoor. ach more work ean be done today and henceforth within the limited time at the command of militia- men, for Maj. Pollard has had two of the 200-yards Uliman electric targets erected at the arsenal range. The use of these will be of mate- rial importance to the guard, for there are but few among its members who can spar: of days a month for target practice. One electric target will do the work of five or regulation pattern; this means a practice in avery little time. It is not im- probable that the Ullman company will shortly uip a rifle gallery with their targets and a pllanoes. so that guardsmen and others fave ample opportunities for trustworthy prac- tice. THE ANNUAL SHOOTING RECORD. When the sharpshooters return from Creed- moor the brigade gallery will be opened tor the purpose of enabling those who have not completed their gallery records to do so. A schedule will be arranged and promi ted at th jiest possible date, aud after the dates fixed in that schedule there cam be no more gallery practice on the record of 1890. The Fange record will be completed in October and then the annual reports will be made. According to general orders No, 34 each man Se teaee sens the galler in -—eighty shots in all, it from these shots a man has made a total score of 820 he will be classed as @ sharpshooter an OLD TIME WASHINGTON, Where the Chiefs of Indian Nations Once Gathered in Council. THE RAPID SWEEP OF IMPROVEMENT — THE COLONIAL HAMLET THAT STOOD ON TEE OB- SERVATORY SITE—-OLD NAMES“ AND ANCIEET LANDMARKS DISAPPEARING. The rapid sweep of improvement over the corporate limits of Washington and George- town bas obliterated many old landmarks. A quaint local chronicler relates that as early as 1840 the capital city contained one bundred and six stores, That number multiplied by the number of intervening years would, per- haps, not correctly estimate the present n ber of “shopping places.” “One brewer: eleven printing offices, three daily, five weekly, five semi-weekly newspapers and one Periodical.” Then the National Intelligencer and New Era were powers in the land. To columns of the last was contributed “Unc! Tom's Cabin,” which perhaps bad a greater effect in hastening on the late war than any other single influence. HAMBURG. When Major L'Enfant was laying off the Present beautiful streets and avenues over the Plain selected as the site for the capital 20th street cut into the rectangular thoroughfares of the village of Hamburg, w the river's bank just below Observatory Eiil, ‘tt was an ancient hamlet established even before the first dream of an American. republic, of whose capital it was ultimately to become an integral It was at this port where Braddock landed his English troops to march overiand in that un- fortunate campaign against the and Indians over our then western frontier. Fleet, an English for trader. wrote in his journal: “Monday, June 25th, 1631,” (after having landed and camped severa! days on the banks of the river). “This place, without all question, the most pleasant and healthful place in all ¢h country and most convenient for habitatio * * * The 27th of Junol manned my sh: lop * * * we had not rowed above three mules, but we might hear the falls to roar about six miles distant.” From the general descrij tion of the surrounding country and the dis- tance from the falls the site of this little ham- let has been conjectured to have been the place of that camp. AN INDIAN FISHING GROUND. The same chronicler says that “the Indians occupying this territory in the delta of the two rivers were called Nacostines or Anocostians,” Speaking of the river he says: “It aboundeth with all manner of fish. The Indians in one night commonly will cateh thirty sturgeon in place where the river is not above twelve fathoms broad. And as for deer, buffalos, bears, turkeys, the woods do swarm with them.” Another later native chronicler says: “It isbtated on authority of earlier settlers that the valley washed by the Goose creek (now known as ‘Tiber creek), was V evéoree visited by the Indians, who called it their dehing ground in contradistinction to their hunting ground, and they assembied there in great numbers in the spring months to procure fish. A point, now culled Greenleaf’s Point. was the i pee et camp and the residence of their chiefs, where councils were held among the various tribes thus gathered there.” The coincidence, if these chronicles are true, of the establishment of the capitals of these early republics of Primitive peoples on the same plateau where our own great republic has built its acropolis has never occurred in any land in any age. But— “The last of Tutuge experiment fatter Is now tradition’s doubtful lore— A simple legend—nothing more.” TIBER CREEK, that trickled in ite classical muddiness across the avenue just below the western entrance to the present Capitol grounds, in spite of the then boy Tom Moore's witticism, “And what was Goose creck once is Tiber now,” has been given « covered arched highway to the Potomac, Where once were ite slimy banks and pestilent-breeding pools a row of half palatial houses stand ass monument to th governor of tho District, who inaugurated first improvements of the city on a grand scale in the face of violent opposition. The “old twin sister of reproach to the city, converted into a splendid market et, over @ portion of which horse cars travel instead of the ancient canal boat, CROWDING OUT VICE. Improvement in all direction has kept pace with a higher civilization. The worst element of society that gathered to this city during the war settled in « locality between Pennsylvania avenue and the old canal, where rents were cheap and human health in peril. Nine-tenths of the lawlessness and crime of the city was committed in this section, and for that reason it was given the name of “Murder Bay.” To break up this Alsatia was a serious problem at the time. But it has been nearly accom- plished, and in a short time that significant naine will be only a thing of the past. First the old canal was filled up, and every street passing through that section was paved, sew- ered and lit with gas, which affords iuduce- ment for building improvements for resident and business purposes, The monopoly of the criminal classes was ually broken up by coming in contact with and under the notice of virtuous people. Property ble tor business enterpr: vanced proportionately beyon licentious criminality. OLD NAMES PASSING AWAY, “Hell's Bottom” and “Devil's Half-Acre,” the first in the upper northwest and the last named in the extreme southwest sections of the city, are beginning to lose their identities under the heroic troatment of police surveillance and the persuasive influence of Christian missions. Our local geographical terms will soon be more euphoneous and in harmony with the general bewuty and magnificence of the city. Pick and shovel have long since obliterated “En- lish Hill,” which embraced that section from ndiana to Massachusetts avenues, betwecn 1st and 2d streets northwest: whilst the almost complete grading and filling up of “Swam- poodle” will soon have obliterated that term from our nomenclature, One by one are being the means of destroyed tl “corner puny made un- wholesome by proximity of net work of sewers and drains, University Hill spring is almost a thing of the to the lower city; it still flows through portions of the tol pees but its pipe rotten arene length of the avenue has its service con- nection cut off. Ata livery stable and on C street, at the i Hotel and from hy- drant pipes at the corners of 6th and 7th streets and the avenue still flows a cvol, clear S stream from an ig under # building on C street, a few lote west ot the street cor- ner. Itwasona government lot sold some rs ago with these water privileges, or taps thie supply would have long since ho cut off. CHANGES IN GzoRGETOWN. The iconociastic hand of improvement has likewise been shattering old idols and instita- tions in Georgetown. The little outstanding ae their — tee older and outspreading corporation, “slave pen” of another and superceded era has seed away; the pennants of its coastwise and i shipping are visible no mote against the low rim of the southern sky, and the long line of brick ware houses, with their pent houses under ven a reg- ulation _sharpshooters’ bade. qt hi total should be but 260 or less 820, he will | considered be booked as a marksman and will be entitled to ore of regulation marksman's buttons. To bes first-class man (which is the third Nag iw total must be 200; second foo. the score is less than 100, or if the man he will be down as in than which he cannot go. é GEN. ORDWarY's TROFEY. The battalion trophy which Gen. Ordway is going to offer for rifle competition is to be competed for in October, at about the same has failed to fire the requisite number of shots, the third class, lower Eecamaatiat a, on eee iv al n will be teams of five each one For He Shall Wax Rich. happy is the — From the 5, ¥. Sua. ““Ehey hare one la far the poor aod one for seeeescEhenmats turns to the old-time surroundings. Belhaven Alexandria) has half of its last of iS saceniny bono of the Disence "ive istory old chi the Masoni here Wash- Ro see men, denied io eminence tne Vio IN THE BAY OF FUNDY. Life of an Untamed Variety on the |”) Island of Grand Manan. 4 EANDEMAN QoRS SWORD FISHINO—TEE aB- PORTED WEALTH OF THE INVISIBLE LAPIS LAEULI MIXES—wiILD VIEWS FROM THE LOFTY (GLIFFS—TWo SHILLINGS FOR A DAY OF MISERY. Gorrespondence of Tar Evexrxo Sta. Gaaxp Maxax, N.B, August 28 This ie the wildest island on the Atlantic seaboard south of Newfoundiand. Indeed, between the Florida reefs and the beighte of Mount Desert thero is scarcely a bili of re- spectable size in sight from the ocean, And the promontories of Bicine’s summer home bear no comparison in grandeur to the over- banging cliffs of this sea-girt rock. Its shores are perpendicular. Ite seas are ‘amultuous and uproarious. Eagles poise over it, Seals swatho themselves in the sunshine on its ledges, Whales float in the offing and eye it, suspecting that it may be some colossal brother. A few deer are still found in the woods. It is even cooler than Campobello, where I stayed for a fortnight in a most Gelicious summer retreat. There we needed fires night and morning, but here they blaze | gratefully at midday. There we used two blankets at night; here we reqaire three. There we had strawberries all through August; bere they are not yet ripe, but are coming on. Grand Manan has been calied “the throne of the majestic.” That, indeed, it ia, It seems as if ten miles square of stormy, stony Labrador lad been floated out of sight of land and anchored in the sea, and crowned and embel- lished with » tangled mass of green foliage. Under the sharp cornice of the island, on midget islets moored beyond gunshot, the stormy petreis breed, and in the turbulent day their startling faces, and bark and m each other, and the air above is vociferous the cry of the gull and the roaring heron. There are cliffs here nlong the southeastern beach ou which the visitor (or the native, for the matter of that.) can «it and gaze down 200 fect sheer to the foam below—twice as high as Niagar. a. INVISIBLE TREASURES, The beggarly revenue of thie solemn and solitary island is mostly derived from fish. There is little farming and no commerce or Manufactures. There are two possible sources of revenue yet tobe developed—the buried treasures of Capt, Kidd, who seems to have had enough siokin to plant the shores thick with doubloons all the way from Greenland to Cuba, and the lapis-lazuli mine just off shore. The whereabouts of the former are not defi- nitely known, but a good many deep holes ha been dug by enterprising parties and aban- doned, thus limiting and diminishing the area in which the doubloons may be hopefully sought. ‘The old traveler, Charlevoix, first called at- tention to the mines as follows: “It is asserted that three-fourths of a league off Isle Menane, which serves as a guide to vessels to enter St. John’s river, there is a rock, almost ve covered pba sea, which is of lapis-lazuli. It is added that Commander de Razilli broke off 8 piece, which he sentto France, and Sieur Denys, who had seen it, says that it was valued we crowns an oem a never go out ling now without looking down through the water for this blue rock. If Ican find it I am pretty well fixed. If the stuff is worth even less than Lord Denys es- timated, say €1.000 a pound, or $2,000,000 a ton, a few ship loads of it would make me com- Paratively well of. Assoon as! find it I shall Stop writing for newspapers and a good many dear readers can find tranquility. UNTAMED AND ILL FED. There is no decent hotel on Grand Manan, and the traveler has to “rough it” among the hospitable and amiable but badly equipped citizens. I wrote to the proprietor of the only hotel at North Head and asked if he could give me a bed with a hair mattress and he wrote regretting that he could not. This wiand is the most untamed and un- kempt thing on our whole Atlantic coast. It is like one of the Hebrides, that Black prattles of in “The Princess of Thule,” or like Walter Be- iJ sant’s “Isle of Samson,” where Roland Lee found Armorel. There isno hay fever here, ite no consumption, and even gout lifts agile fect and flies, and dyspe; ceases troubling here. the visitor can get so little that is good to eat. (Don't sen any copies of this paper to your subscribers at Grand Manan!) Yesterday I went ont eword fishing, and this table rocks and reels like a ise when I think of it and my stomach heavesasigh. I had longed to go sword fishing all my life. I knew the creature was flavorous, “ged and , for I had eaten savory bits of him ‘oiled. I knew that he on his pug- nacious snout @ sword of polished ivory as lively as an Italian's stilletto and as heavy as Sent ikke cowboy, and was from sight teas ike @ co’ and was ight to fif- teen feet long. Sot wanted to go after him or I foolishly thought I did. I was talking in this way on the pile of stone they call » wharf, when a ski ke up and : “Yon goes seer afterrem. Wy "t yout go along ‘er He pointed at a sloop bowling along under a stiff breeze st monet ive you a shil- now.) BE Goxs ALona. He blew on his fingers a shrill pipe—one blast and two short—as a signal, and received a similar answering horn. The sails luffed, the sloop hove to and came around, and my whis- ——— put me aboard from his dory. by Sloop tacked again and laid herself right down before the wind. It seemed nice. Each wave was about as long as the sloop and rolled up from toward Spain. It seemed like the corduroy toboggan slide at Coney Island. It suggested going to heaven in « bam We introduced ourselves. The skipper's uame I had been told was Failibat, but after I had called him by it about a hundred times I found out it was Hurl- but. He was at the helm and held the reins. Another man stood on a little platform about thirty feet ra mast, and it was his business to discover yrahey tell the captain which to steer. ird man was stan ight sad on the end of the bowsprit, with eee in his right hand—a sharp, ugly-looking steel six or seven feet long. <*Phis is glorious'” I shouted. yy?” sang out the skipper above the whis- sg mm - lorious!” I repeated. “Tail of a storm:” he shouted back, “Shan't git no fish.” I went over where he stood. There were two vessels like our own a little distance off, with men in the cross-trees and on the bow. 4 GENTLE STREAM OF PROFANITY. ‘The captain tacked and as the boom came around yelled: “K'out fer yer head!” I looked raft vibe ders iftr F i i 3 f Hy . inl nelle ERSTEEEY & 2 le bbe AUGUST 30. 1890-SIXPTEEN PAGES. When are we going ashore asked “When we get some fish,” said the skipper, “This is glorious!” BE LAT CALMLY Down. ily lay down in the bottom of the my white Mannels, ob, beloved reader! in my white flannela, It was wet and mackerel had apparently just been shovelod out of it, bur Idid mot care, I was indifereat as to what ¢ of my clothes or myself. The skipper began to sing. Least one imploring look at him and—— ase bucket, Pete!” he exclaimed to the _ ma as sree told. “Say! Yer sili er mints!” ‘ked the ekipper. img yer garmints!” remari I tried to remember the things he had ssid about the uuscrupulous mariner who stole his eword fish. The sloop jay wallowing in the trough of the sea andI lay wallowing in the trough of the sloop. “Wot air you a-groaning about?” the skipper. “Better go into the cabin,” he continued, soothingly. IT haif rose and dracced mrse!f into the bow, close and biig. Rople with variegated st Then the red-headed he tered by calling a boy | Yellow piatier contal ® rusty fork and e | hunk of salt pork. “Cap'n says eat it!” he | #erved, and rapidiy vanished 1 flung a hand inguired a hole in ud rich as Constanti- me « large jepike at him. butl was lxing down and at Missed him and he was spared for the gallows, ‘The skipper came to the Mouth of the hove and softly exid: --Hain't Pete good to ye? W'y. sick, eb? Bile on yer liver! Tbat’s wot us! Eat che Yittals, Jest punch it down yer throat and you'll recover! Wot you need ‘x chafing-gear down on yer girzurd” I implored him to go and drown himself, but he kept talking to me in b 't and seductive Voice in the line indicated above. 1 was too Miserable even to groan. We mot ashore some time toward iay some ight, and | efter ing On a pile of boards for a couple of ours: gotso that 1 could stand uj “ speak a fow words. NE Seeing the infant fiend passing up the «tre. in the gloaming I prory p Apt eg asked him if they got the sword fish. “No, sir,” be said. “Didn't ye know he got away {'m us and took the harpoon? That's wor made the cap'n so all-fired mad coming home!” Isball not go sword fishing again till I feel better. WAX TREASURES OF THE YosEMITE, A Vivid Description of One of the Beauty Spots of the Kurth, The Yosemite valley, in the heart of the Sierra Nevada, is a noble mark for the traveler, whether tourist, botanist, geologist or lover of wilderness pure and simple, But those who are free may find the journey a Jong one, not because of the miles, for tioy are not so mavy—only about 250 from San Francisco, and passed over by rail and carriage roads in a day or two—but the way is 80 beautiful that one is beguiled at every # P, and weeks and months go by uncounted. How vividiy wy own first journey to Yosomite comes tu my mind, though made more than a score of years ago, writes John Muir in the Century. I set ont afoot from Gak- land. on the bay of San Francisco. Ape. It was the bloom time of the year o all the lowlands and ranges of the < landscape was fairly drenched with « 1 the larks were singing and the hills wer covered with flowers that they seeme: painted. Slow indeed was my progress thr ese glorious gardens, the first of the Calif nia flora I had seen. Cattle and culuyguon were making few scars as yet and | wanfered enchanted in long, wavering curves, aware now and then that Yosemite lay to the castward and ‘that some time I should fiud it. One shining morning, at the head of the Pacheco Pass, a landscape was displayed that, efter all my wanderings, still appears as the most divinely beautiful and » i have everbebeld. There at my fect lay the grou! central plain of California, level as a inka, 30 or 40 miles wide, 400 long, one rich furred bed of golden composite. And along the eastern shore of this lake of gold rose the mighty Sierra, miles in Leight. in massive, tranquil grandeur, so gloriously 4 and so radiant that it seemed uot clothed with light, but wholly composed of it, like the wail of some celestial city. Along the top, and extending a good way down, was a rich pearl gray belt of snow; then « belt of biue and & fores! c purple, marking the extension of the d stretching along the base of the range & broad belt of rose purple, where lay the miners’ gold and the open foothill gardens — all the colors smoothly blending, mak- ing 8 wail of light clear as ital and ineffably fiue yet firm ns ant. Thenitscemed to me the Sierra should be called not the Nevada or wy Range, but the Range of Light. Aud aft “ ears in the midst of it, rejvicing and wouder- . seeing the glorions floods of light that ali it—the sunbursis of morning among the moun- tein the broad, noonday radiance on the crystal rocks, the flush of the alpengiow and the thousand dashing waterfulis with their marvel- ous abundance of irised spray —it still seems to to me a range of light. But no terrestrial beauty may endure forever. The glory of wildness bas y departed from the great central plain. Its bloom is shed, aud #0 1a part isthe bloom of the mountains, In Yo- semite, even under the protection of the gov- ernment, all that is perishable is venishing long | space. —— ss TOM CRUSE’S CAREER. Downs of Western Life, From the Chicago Times, The history of the thrice-millionaire banker of Helena, Mon., Thomas Cruse, illustrates the ups and downs of western life and sets ia strong contrast the two extremes of absolute, groveling poverty and extraordinary affluence. “Six years ago Tom Cruse,” says Thomas Ai. Long, “was only & common, ordinary laborer, prospector and a miner. He had spent almost bis Jast nickel, was out of luck, and, being out of money, it naturally follows he had very few friends, Indeed, be was #0 poor that 1 well ro- member the day when he was actually refused credit for a fifty-pound sack of four. He did odd jobs about town—anything so long as he turned an honest dollar. One day be took « tramp into the mountains. When he came back to town he astonished everybody by re- the discovery of what has since urned out to be one of the richost silver mines in Montana. He pre-empted the place and made everything solid in his own ame. This mine was the famous Drum Lum- in the mountains near Maysville, 21, miles from Helena. A syndicate of hearing of bis great find, went out to imvesti- gate it. The result f: their joliare spot cash. That was too much, ned ee ht. eWell, geatlemen, if you think it b too’ much don’ take it.” ssld Oruse, Loriay t+ 91,000,000, 5 f i iF 4 EE I i i i i F £ l [ i i I ff ice iF eek ee if i ; i i E