Evening Star Newspaper, August 9, 1890, Page 11

dl THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D.C a ae vay , bd j . SATURDAY. AUGUST 9, 1890-SIXTEEN PAGES LANAt HAWAIIAN KINGDOM Its People, Government, Institutions and Productions. KALAKAUA AND HIS COURT. ———___ ate Political Shake-Up in Ha- waii—The New Cabinet—The Domi- nating Sugar Question—The Heathen Chince in Hawaii, > No. IT. Editorial Correspondence of Te EVENING STAR. Hoxoieiev, Hawamay Istanps. ONOLULU is the only port in the world, out- of our country, in which the American flag | predominant. In} view of this fact, and | of the relations | existing between the United States and the Sandwich Islands ia-| dicated by it, a few| ay be useful | sid close sts to give an idea of the ship. A hobby of his is the attempt to trace the source of the Hawaiian people from the Aryan race, instead of the Malayan family, as attributed. KING KALAKATA. He has agreeable manners and is an adroit politician. Thus he has managed to keep in with all parties and, though pretty badly im- plicated in what is calied the opium scandal, has evaded all efforts to displace him, KALAKAUA’S ROUGH EXPERIENCES, He was elected king in 1874 by the legisla- tive assembly, over the late Queen Emma, widow of the late King Lunalilo. It was charged that his election was due to foreign influence anda riot followed the announcement of the result, pres situation. | The Hawaiian group, known popularly as | the Sandwich Islands, is composed of twelve | islands, eight only of which are inhabited. The largest of these—Hawaii, whieh gives its name to the group—contains about 4,000 square miles, and the islands altogether about 6,000. It must be borne in mind, how- ever, that these islands are nothing more than & series of volcanic mountains and that the proportion of arable land to the amount of acreage is very small, The area of land that can be cultivated is still fur- ther diminished by the want of water supply on the leeward side of the islands, The rain- | fall is mainly upon the windward side, or the | side swept by the trade winds nine months of | the year. Thus while the leeward side of Hawaii presents a barren appearance, relieved | by tracts of sngar cane plantations, where the land can be irrigated, and by a fringe of cocoa- nut palms (which is a salt-wat e) on the | coast, the windward side at Hilo, where it is almost always raining, and the rainfall two years ago amounted to 254 inches or over 21 feet, the vegetation is almost a tropical jungle. Honolulu on the leeward side of Oahu owes its luxurious vegetation to irrigation from stor- age reservoirs, to artesian wells and to its | peculiar situation at the foot of the Nuuanu valley, a great cleft in the mountains, through which some of the winds and rains of the wind- ward side are drawn. Only on Oubu are artesian well The porous, voleanic soil on the other islands leaches water. The integrated volcanic soil ix, however, so azingly fertile and produces such enormous al crops of sugar cane that every acre available for this profitable growth is being brought into use. The process of lava disintegration is go- | ing on so rapidiy that new areas of production | are constantly being formed. The wash of java from the mountams isso | of heavy rains that the sea is | from the shor posed im time lored for some distance mountains will be y | process of den i, the oldest or first up of t anic group. In this island the mountains have been washed down to such an extent and the lava fields so mueh disintegrated that there is a rich covering of soil so productive that Kauai bears the name of | the “Garden island.” | SUGAR I8 KING now in the islands and everything runs to its production, with a slight diversion in the rection of rice. Coffee of the best qnality is raised bere, and itis in great request in our eastern cities, especially in Philadelphia, but it has been affected by some sort of blight in a| | di- | way to rather discourage its production, The oranges produced here are, to my taste, with the exception of the Florida oranges, the finest in the world, but they are not cultivated to any great extent. ‘The native bananas are also excellent, rich and | sweet, but th > not bear transportation as well as the coarser and more tasteless Chinese | variety, which is generally cultivated on the iwiands for shipment to the Umited States. Une has to go to tropical countries to get tropical fruits in perfection. ‘Those we import are necessarily of the coarser Varieties aud are plucked when green. TH VERNMENT OF THE ISLANDS | is a constit 1 monare There is a legis- lature. composed of the Ho of Nobles and the House of Representatives. The two houses sit together, acting as asingle body and hold- ing their proceedings joi The English and Hawaiian languages a: ‘The Nobles were formerly appointed by the crown, but are now elective, as are the Nepresentatives. The Nobles get no pay; the Representatives have a | salary of $200 per year, There are four cabi- net ministers, of the Interior, Finance, Foreign | Affairs and the Attorney General. ‘There isa mrt, with a chief circuit judges, di departinent, vined a high standing for | tegrity. | KALAKAUA ASD HS COURT. court is a pretty top-heavy affair Supr: ciate ae justice od po for ay vtion about one-third that of the District of Columbia, It consists of: His majesty Kalakaua, elected in 1874, Her majesty Queen Kapiolani. | 1 highness J s Liliuokalani, | the heir ap of Hon. Job rent, sister of the king and wife Owen Dominis. | al highness the Princess Victoria- Kawekiu - Kaiuiani - Lunalilo - Kalaninuiahila- | palapa, (or Princess Kaiulani for short). Her royal highness nia Kapooloku | Poomatkelani, sister to Queen Kapiolani, | His Hizhness Prince David Kawananakoa, highuess Prince Jonah Kuhio Kalani- y's chamberlain, Col. G. W. Mac- His majesty’s vice Bobertsuu. Then there is his majesty's staff, composed of seven members, aud tke privy council of state, of forty-five members. The salary of the king is through appropris private purse, ren| neome of about $60,000, understood that his private income is ne voted to paying off or reducing his big indebtedness. He has no controlo' lie moneys and the Hawaiian are in very good condition. of chamberlain, James W. 000 a year, and ‘hoid expenses, the pub- public finances POLYNESIAN PRINCE OF WALES, genial, tactful, a free liver, a bad poker player, extravagant in his expenditures and always hard up for mouey, The worst that is said of Lim is that he is apt to give a somewhat ready ear to the unscrupulous money-raising schemes of the gang of seedy adventurers, opium smug: glers, gamblers and soldiers of fortune from ell quarters that infest Honolulu. He is edu- cated, iutelligent and with considerable scholar- The committee appointed to inform Kalakaua THE LATE QUEEN EMMA, of his election were savagely assailed as they attempted to enter their carriage and driven back to the hall terribly bruised and crippled. The mob then tore the carriage to pieces, battered in the doors and windows of the assembly building, clubbed nearly to death nine of tho representatives who were known to have voted for Kalakaua, threw chairs, tables and valuable documents out of the windows, | and then went for kerosene to fire the building. A general scene of fire and bloodshed was cer- tain had not the ministers sent an urgent re- quest for aid to the American and British ships of war in the harbor, which was responded to by landing a force of marines that ‘dispersed the rioters. This naval force restored order and held possession of the government buildings while Kala- kana took the oath of oftice in private, and the representatives,or such of them as were not too adly injured, returned to their chamber and were liberated from their duties by the king. At the end of ten days Kalakaua had the reins fully in hand and the joint American aud Brit- ish protectorate was withdrawn, TRE GIBSON REGIME. King Kalakaua had no serious trouble in his reign thenceforward until he fell under the in- fluence of a plausible adventurer by the name of Gibson, who, as prirae minister, speedily got the government involved in such crooked schemes of extravagance and folly that the sub- stantial eléments of the commu- nity were obliged to unite and inter- fee for the protection of their own interests, ‘The king was compelled to turn out the Gib- son cabinet and to sign a new constitution, under which his powers of appointment to office, and in the expenditure of money, were greatly reduced, Kalakaua had the tact to ac- cept the situation gracefully, but it is un- derstood that he is now seeking a restoration of his kingly powers, and it is charged that he was in collusion with Wilcox in the revolu- tionary attempt of July, 1859. If so, he was adroit enough to avoid direct implication with the plot when it collapsed. ians of high or low degree are not ace and Kalakaua has no children. QUEFN KAPIOLANI. Everybody speaks well of Queen Kapiolani. She is ladylike and amiable, and has escaped a place in the wide-reaching scandal gossip of Honolulu. She does not speak English and is | rather retiring in disposition, | PRINCESS LILTUOKAL | Princess Liliuokalani, or, for short, Mra Dominis, the heir apparent, is a fine-looking | woman of considerable ability and with a turn for politics, She is reputed to be a good hater of the foreigners, though her husband, John Dominis, is an American, She has an annual grant of $10,000. The young Princess Kaiulani, daughter of the late Princess Like- like, has a pleasing, refined appearance, and is much liked in Hono- lulu. She is now at school in England. She has @4,800 voted to her yearly, His majesty'’s suave . and tactful chamber- tain, Col. Macfarlane, gets a salary of $6,000, and earns it too. It may be added that while there seems to be agood deal of Court here for so smalla country, the court itself is in personel quite up to the mark of any going. Probably no court in Europe can show a finer or more regal-look- ing set of men and women. Portly, stately Kalakaua would berrad a qaoeen eines oe the whi, snapper pattern of the King of Greece for Cece, aad his palace is a much finer arn-shaped home of ee building than the ugly royalty at Athens. PRINCESS LIKELIEE. A POLYNESIAN OFFICE SEEKER. ‘The members of the cabinet are, with the ex- ception of Minister Cummins, all white, as are the justices of the supreme court, but the larger part of the government employes are natives, the report of August 31, 1889, showing that there were 1,184 Hawaiians employed, to 612 foreigners. Some of the aspiring young natives—or rather of the half-breeds—are, however, demanding positions in the leading offices, The chief of these is a half-breed named Robert W. Wilcox, who was educated in Italy by the government as an engineer, where ho married an Italian lady of some prominence, and expected on his return to the islands to have a big place. The administration did not seem to finda place for him that he was capable of filling with a salary that suited his ideas, and he set up as an agitator for a change of deal, He seems to have a good many of the qualities of a popular leader, rather winning address and the native facility for publie speaking. He is undoubt- edly the popular hero of the natives, but is distrusted by the business clement, and in the recent change of administration, for which he worked, he failed to get a place in the new cab- inet, THE WILCOX REVOLUTION. On July 30 of last year he set up an insurrec- tion, supposing he had a sufficient backing. The story of the abortive attempt is succinctly told in the “Hawaiian Annual for 1889,” as fol- lows: “Notwithstanding the progress made throughout the country under the present ad- ministration, the plotting of a few idle place- hunters, strengthened by the utterances of recently established native papers calculated to arouse race prejudices, there developed a small party of malcontents under the leader- ship of R. W. Wilcox, who, with about one hundred and fifty followers made an attempt on the 30th of July last to overthrow the gov- ernment, They surprised the town by taking possession of the palace grounds, its guns and ammunition, at early dawn, but were surprised in turn at the absence of tho kilig, and the armed force of the Honolulu Rifles and volun- teers that quickly gathered to oppose and dis- lodge them, “After a day of battle and anxiety, resulting in a loss to the insurgents of six killed and twelve wounded, Wilcox and his followers sur- rendered, In the trials at the October term of the supreme court Wilcox stated that his plans were to obtain possession of the palace and the king; have him sign a new constitution which he (Wilcox) had prepared, giving rights to the people and restoring power to the king which the present constitution took from him, and turn out the present ministry, In all of these plans he claimed to have had royal sanction, Atthe trial before a native jury he was ac- quitted by them under the ancient belief that “the king can do no wrong; hence found no treasonable actin carrying out his behests, Much political capital is being made by Wilcox and his sympathizers by this miscarriage of justice, with the view of influencing the com- ing elections, hoping to accomplish at the next legislature what they failed to obtain last July.” THE RECENT CABINET SHAKE-UP, At the elections referred to above, the Wilcox party under tho cry of “Hawaii for the Hawaiians” carried the legislature by a small majority, their successes being mainly upon the island of Oahu, which includes the city of Honolulu, while the other islands, in which the planting interest predomi- nates, went against him. On the meet- ing of this new legislature a change of cabinet was made, but the conservative element had strength enough to secure a compromise cabi- net. ‘This cabinet, recently appointed under this new deal, consists of John Adams Cummins native), Minister of Foreign Affairs, vice jonathan Austin; Godfrey Brown, Miuister of Finance, vice 8. M. Damon; Charles N. Spencer, Minister of the Interior, vice Lorin A. Thurston, and Arthur P. Peterson, Attorney General, vice C. W. Ashford. The cabinet displaced was a notably strong and able one; the new one, which is # compro- miso cabinet, is well thought of, being made up of conservative, practical men, There is some little kicking by the religious section of Honolulu against the appointment of John A. Cummins to the cabinet on account of the free-and-easy Brigham Young-like amplitud of his family circle, but he is recognized as solid, practical man of ability,sufficiently identi- tied with the business interests of the islands to make him a safe official, and the dissent to his appointment is not very loud, THE POPULATION OF HAWAII, Acensus of the islands is taken every six years, ‘The last was in 1884 and a new one will be taken this year, The native population is decreasing steadily, though notso rapidly as of old. The foreign population is increasing at a rate to more than make up for the native decrease, Thus in 1872 the whole population of the islands was 56,899, of which the native population was 49,044, In 1878 the whole population was 57,985; native Population, 44,038. Iu 1884, whole population, 90,578; native, 40,014, It is estimated that in 1889 the whole popula- tion was 92,050; native, 37,500. The 54,550 for- eign population of this estimate is made up of Half-custes, 5,000; Chinese, 19,000; Americans, 3,000; Hawaiian, born of foreign parents, 3,060; Britons, 1,250; "Portuguese, 12,000; Germans, 1,500; French, 150; Japanese, 8,400; Norwegian, 250; other foreigners, 500; Polynesians, 50U, ‘THE HEATHEN CHINEE ON THE KANAKA SHOULDERS, Itwill beseen that the Chinese, Japanese and Portuguese alone outnumber the whole native population, The rapid increase in the Chinese element has caused a good deal such ascare in the islands asin the United States, Restriction laws have been passed, but they do not seem to restrict, and there is now aloud call for an amendment to the constitution that shall cope with a danger that in the language of the memorial of one of the anti-Chinese public meeti held here “threatens th autonomy of the country” and to make ita Chinese colony. From one per cent in 1866 the Chinese now constitute over one-fifth of the entire polation, They outnumber the Americans nearly seven to one, It is complamed that step by step they aro invading and taking possession of almost every mgans of liveli im the country and su} pitating native Hawaiians and others of western civilization, The easy-going natives stand no show in the competition with the tenacious, pertinacious, undermining China- men. In twenty-three years the Chinese have in- creased at such a rate from almost nothing that now hold lp cent of the butcher licenses, 24 per cent of the wholesale merchan- dise licenses, 29 per cent of the hack licenses, 39 per cent of the horse-hiring licenses, 57 per cent of the wholesale spirit licenses, 62 per cent of the retail merchandise licenses; 85 per cent of the victualing licenses; 92 per cent of the pork butcher licenses; and 100 per cent ot the cake peddling. It is complained also that they are depopulating the waters of the Islands by their unlawful modes of fishing, by which little and big fish are taken indiscriminately. With their growing strength it seems they have abandoned the ‘ ful inoffensive” ways they displayed when seeking a foothold, and are a terror to the community, through the infamous deeds of their secret societies, their wanton disregard of human life, their concealment and assistance of criminals and their reckless perjury in courts of justice, They have now even undertaken to dictate legislation in their favor by the use of boodle and a lobby, Am fashion. At the last session of the Hawaiian legislature it was charged that the Chinese, including some of the wealthy merchants, raised a large sum of money for the express purpose of bribing mem- bers of the legislature to vote at their dicta- tion, It is also charged that in the late at- tempted insurrection the Chinese, who ex- pected to gain important advantages from @ change in the administration, supplied the money, arms, ammunition and’ provisions to the conspirators. In other ways they are fig- uring as a very mischievous and unwholesome element in the community. Altogether the heathen Chinee in acter of ‘The Old Man of the have gained a danger- ously tenacious lodg- ment on the Hawaiian shoulders, ‘The Japanese influx, though pretty large, is not looked upon with the same oo as that of the Chinese, The mass of the Japan- ese are reckoned asa temporary Dopuleton only, as alarge percent- age ‘are employed un- der labor contracts and return to Japan after their contracts have ex- pired. ‘The Japanese that make their homes in the islands aro inoffen- sive, unobjectionable members of the com- munity, quiet, orderly and free from the bru- talities and corrupting habits of the Chinese. THE RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS in the islands, as shown by the last census (1884), are: Protestants, 29,685; Roman Catho- lic, 20,072, and unreported, 30,821. Of the lat- ter 17,639 are Chinese. There are about 5,000 Mormons in the islands, but they do not prac- tice polygamy. ARMY ON THE AMERICAN PATTERN. The Hawaiians have followed the American ideas in good many things, and notably in the small size of its military force. The stand- ing army of the kingdom numbers eighty-five men, which it is proj d to raise to 100 in view of possible political disturbances. The mili- tary strength of the kingdom is, however, in- creased by five companies of volunteers, made up largely of young business men of Honolulu. The native police are a fine-looking well-be- haved set of men, but are id to maintain rather too strict impurtiality between the con- testants when an insurrection or a riot is go- ing on, AN ADMIRABLE PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM forms one of the featuree of the national or- ganization, an organization so creditable to the missionaries who planned itand the natives who adopted it. Mr. Charles Nordhoff in his excel- lent book on the Sandwich Islands deciares the natives to be the most generally educated people in the world. A READING PEOPLE, Hawaii {s not only the best educated country in the world, but it has the most reading peo- ple, and supports more newspapers to its popu- lation than any other. In Honolula, a city of 5,000 people, there are four daily papers, two English and'two native; eight weekly papers, (one English, four native, two Portugnese and one Chinese) and four monthly publications. The natives are great readers and the white or “foreign” element is made up of an un- usually intelligent and cultivated class, The Honolulu press has a number of capable newa- paper men, including Hon. Mr. Whitney, the veteran editor, publisher and historian (and who is now preparing a much needed guide book to the islands), and Messrs, Taylor, Mac- farlane, Bash and others of the corps of bright, alert young men, who make politics lively in the ielanda by their sharp sparring. THE HAWAIIAN LANGUAGE, The Hawaiian alphabet proper contains but twelve letters, five vowels and seven conso- nants, namely: A, E, I, O, U, H, K,L, M,N, P,W. The vowels have the continental pro- nunciation, A being pronounced as in ‘‘father;” E as in ‘“they;”I as in ‘‘marine;’ O as in “mole,” and Uas in “mute.” AU has the sound of OW in English. The consonants have the English accent. Every word and every syllable? of the lan- guage ends in a vowel, and no two consonants occur without a vowel sound between them. ‘This predominance of the vowel sounds gives the language that softness and liquid melody that makes it even more the language of music than the Italian, that makes the native talk aud song such liquid sweetness, CLE Sam AND Bawarr. Acurious feature of the late political campaign in the islands was the charge made by the Wilcox party that the then cabinet was—in connivance with the United States government—planning to break down the independence of the islands in behalf of an annexation scheme, and that the plan of the new commercial treaty which that cabinet was seeking to negotiate with the United States was intended to give undue in- fluence to the states over the islands. This charge is grotesquely absurd in view of the fact that the United States, with charac- teristic neglect of opportunities to extend our national influeace aud commercial interests, has not even availed itself of the privilege gained under the reciprocity treaty of estab- lishing a naval and coaling station in thefsuperb deep water harbor at Pearl river, a few miles from Honolulu, and which by some dredging could be made one of the finest land-locked harbors in the world. England would give millions for such a privi- lege, and when the reciprocity treaty was under negotiation, her diplomacy was exerted to the utmost to prevent the concession, The cry was raised then that the project was the Trojan horse that was to introduce American domina- tion in the islands, But to this day the United Stateshas not turned a finger over to avail itself of this great concession. It was of a piece with the neglect we showed at Samoa to avail ourselves of the privilege of aconling station, and that wo only thought of when about to lose all hold on Samoa through the aggressive actionof Germany. The rec- iprocity treaty with Hawaii will expire before jong and this concession will then lapse. If now the United States stultifies itself by grant- ing the whole world the admission of free sugar without our gaining any reciprocal ad- vantages, Hawaii will have no cause for conced- ing us the important foothold of this naval and coaling station, or for continuing the reci- procity tariff advantages from which we have reaped such enormous benefits. The islands now buy $5,438,000 of the products of our me- chanics, farmers, manufacturers, &c., growing from $1,505,000 before the treaty, an increase of nearly 400 per cent in the short time the treaty has been in operation, The United States now sells the islands 79 per cent of their whole imports, and does over 80 per cent of their entire carrying trade. These are flush times inthe islands. The reciprocity treaty has set all the wheels of business in motion and put a great deal of money in circulation, jut it has worked iy well for the United Staten. ‘The Hawaiians are not money hoarders, and the money they have acquired by the business prosperity brought about by the reciprocity treaty has been expended in the United States in the purchase of the necessities, conve- niences and luxuries of life. WHAT RECIPROCITY HAS DONE. At the same time it has developed our ocean carrying trade, which had almost become a lost industry, to the large extent shown above. The big freight list of one of our vessels plying between San Francisco and Honolulu presents 8 curious illustration of the infinite variety of our products, in all the wide range from the needs to the elegancies of life, that are now purchased by the Hawaiians under the reci- procity treaty. And it may be (nae Pee = pee} — are so greatly by sould “any Sotrtmen it come to it throug the passage of a non-reciprocity free sugar act, the arty responsible for that legislation will be ely to hear from the Pacific slope to its disad- vantage at the next election. At least I infer that such would be the result from some rather emphatic remarks made by prominent oe business men now visiting the is- As regards annexation, the United States With ite present beliyful of crude citizenship taxing its powers of digestion to the utmost, is not likely to hanker for the job of assimilating the 19,000 Chinese, the Japanese, the 12,000 Portuguese, the 87,500 Kanackas (na- tives) of the isldnds; offset by only 3.000 Americans. cs. ———_+ee_____ CANDY A PENNY A STICK. How it 1s Turned Out by Wholesale at a Washington Factory. P iT WAS stick-candy day A in the candy factory hen ® Sran reporter visited it, and the entire force of workmen was busy cooking sugar and water and rolling it into shape. Any healthy young person's mouth would have watered at seeing the six great cop- per pote bubbling away with gallons gpon gal- lons of sugar and water, all destined to be turned into luscious penny- worths for small boys and girls. Ineach pot was twenty-five pounds of the best white sugar, with water in proper propor- tion, and it was observable that the foreman did not have to take out spoonfuls of the mix- ture and drop them into a glassof water in order to tell when it wasdone, Thanks to long experience, he was able to discover that by simply looking into the vessels, When the contents of a pot were judged to be sufiiciently cooked the receptacle was taken off the fire and emptied upon a cold iron table, where the stuff was left to cool, a workman assisting the process by folding the jelly-like mass over and over upon itself as it kept spreading out in semi-liquid fashion upon the metal surface. Before beginning the folding operation, however, he poured from « bottle into the middle of the candy a small quantity of an essential oil of something—say lemon. By the time that the mixture was cool enough to handle it had been made up into the form of a hard roll, 25 poundsin pat and something the shape of a breakfast loaf. Now, if this had been transformed into sticks without further process the result would have been plain lemon candy without stripes. But whet is the use of stick candy withoutstripes? The juvenile pub- lic demands stripes, and stripes it must have. PUTTING IN THE STRIPES, Accordingly, the workman took a chunk of the candy which he had cut off while it was still soft, and “pulled” it by hanging it ona hook and throwing it over and over until it was juite white. This he separated into half a jozen narrow strips and stuck them on one side of the loaf parallel and extending from one end of the loaf to the other. Then he placed the loafon one end of a very long wooden table in front of a small furnace with a sort of open grate full of live conls, The ob- ject of this was to keep the loaf sufficiently warm to be malleable. Next he began rolling the loaf with the palms of his hands, causing it to spindle out toward the other end of the table. Prett; soon it had spindled out into a long tail, stretching half way down the table, at which point a second Workman took it up and spindled it some more down in the direction of athird workman near the farther end of the table, who reduced it by rolling with his palms he diameter of the desired stick. As fast as ix-foot length was made the proper diame- ter it was cut off, the man who manipulated the loaf rolling out more material as fast as it was required. Thus in a wonderfully short time the entire mass of 25 pounds weight was reduced to six- foot lengths, all ready to be cut up into sticks. By the process of roiling the stripes were nat- urally made to forma spiral, the entire length of stick produced being simply a lengthening out of the original loaf, which now appeared in the form of nearly feet of lemon stick. The men kept their hands dusted with pow. dered sugar to keep them from sticking, and during the last part of the operation they would roll five or six of the long sticks at the same time. CUTTING THE STICKS, It only remained, for the finish, to eut the long sticks up into short ones, and this was done with a pair of big shears, taking all the long sticks together and laid parallel, and clipping through them all in a straight’ line. ‘The thing has to be done ina peculiur way, for, if yon will try it, you will quickly find that you cannot cut a stick of candy a pair of scissors used in the ordinary fashion, To do the work one point of the shears is not lifted from the table at all, but is slid along, the other blade coming down clipetty-clip on the candy sticks and snipping them apart with the ess and dispatch. The ragged d such waste scraps obtained in making the stick candy are thrown aside in a pile dur- ing the process and are afterward boiled up again with other sugar. One might imagine that the mixture of flavors in these scraps would render them unsuitable for further use; but so powerful are the essential oils employed that such trifles are practically eliminated, The red coloring material employed for striping stick candy is cochineal, mixed for the urpose with alum, soda and cream of tartar. fr 1s mixed inwith a portion of eandy and laid on in the same manner as the stripes for the lemon sticks. All stick candy of every kind is made simply of sugar and water, with the addition of the different essential oils for flavoring. The sticks that are white all through are so because they are made of the same candy “pulled.” Sticks of braided and other such patterns are put through a sort of little mill that turns with crank and has @ pattern mold of brass to squeeze the candy into the right shape. Lemon drops are made by putting them through a machine of the same sort, and all manuer of other things besides, CHEAP CANDY TOYS are turned out from these crank machines, but the more expensive and’elaborate ones are made with plaster molds. The liquid candy, just off the fire, is poured into the mold and permitted to remain there for a very few mo- ments, Then a pointed instrument is thrust in through a hole in the mold, thus “tapping” it, so that what of the candy has not hardened runs out, The candy will have hardened, how- ever, all over the inside of the mold, so that a hollow cast is the result. It requires no little skill to make these casts, The mold for one of them consists of 24 pieces, and to get the elephant that it makes out whole, without injuring any part of the candy animal, is a matter of great difficulty, Maybe a num- ber will be spoiled before one perfect one is secured. That is the reason why this elephant costs $1.75, which seems a good deal to pay for acandy toy. No flavorings, save essential oils, are used in making stick candy. The lemon oil is obtaimed fromthe rind. You can make a very fair quality of it yourself by steeping chopped-up lemon rinds in a mixture of half water and half alcohol for a week or so. Among other essential oils that the candy man- ufacturer uses are mint, anise seed, sassafras, wintergreen, cloves, strawberry and cinna- mon. ‘The business of making essential oils for fiavoring is carried on upon a large scale in New York. cox Names That Overcame a Hotel Clerk. From the Chicago Tribune. Among the many thousands of proper names annually written, more or less legibly—usually leas—upon the register of a hotel like the Grand Pacific pretty much every known com- bination of letters is found. Hotel clerks be- come hardened, and greet Mr. Buck and Mr. Cluck and Mr, Duck with equal affability. But Paul Gores of the Grand Pacific ran up against ® combination the other day that laid him out. The two Japanese Las ce — ——e: change commissioners, who are stopping there, walked up to the desk and asked if cay oooh called on them during their brief absence. They had registered betore Gorescame on duty and he did not know them, “Let's see; what's the name?” he asked briskly. “Oh, go away!” said one. “Oh, no,” remarked the other, Gores was dazed until he discovered that the gentlemen's names were Ogowa and Ono. Finding a Gold Bedstead. From the Londow News. A correspondent writes to us: “An English lady resident in Syria reports the following in- teresting discovery in the neighborhood of Beyrout. In a village about one hour's ride from the great French road between Beyrout and Damascus was found a bedstead made of id and silver and inlaid with precious stones. inscription upon it in English characters states that it belonged to Eleanor,queen of land. The bedstead was discovered in a litt recess dug out for the purpose within a natural cave, and must have been placed there for se- security when Edward I left the east in 1172.” OFF FOR A GOOD TIME. Pilgrims to the G. A. R. Encampment at WHO Go TOMORROW—LADIES WHO WILL accom- PANY THEM. The veterans of the Grand Army of the Dis- trict have packed their knapsacks and some of them will take up the line of march for Boston this evening and others will go tomorrow morn- ing. Inail the twenty-three years that the Grand Army has been holding national em- campments there has probably never been» larger contingent present from this District than will attend the twenty-fourth national encampment, which will begin its session in Boston on Wednesday next, The number that will go, including the members of various posts and i variously estimated from six to eight hundred. For weeks preparations have been in progress for this great excursion and at Grand Army headquarters there has been all the bustle that characterizes the scene when a regiment has received marching orders. In this case, how- the veterans are not mainly engaged in burnishing up their military equipments, They have been inquiring about railroad routes and whether they could procure state rooms or not, for the trip from New York to Boston will be by water. THE TWO EXCURSION PARTIES. The veterans have divided themselves into two parties for the purpose of making the trip. One party will go by the Pennsylvania road and the other by the Baltimore and Ohio road. At the Grand Army headquarters each evening for the past week the sale of tickets has been im progress, Mr. A. Hart of the committee in charge of the transportation arrangements by the Pennsylvania road and Mr. A. H. Van Deusen of the commit- tee for th B & O. y have had the tickets for sale, and they e been kept busy. For the time being they have realized something of the joys of existence which fall to the lot of a railroad ticket agent. Thcy have become so accustomed to answering questions that they can reel off answers with- out any mental effort and in the meantime at- tend to their duties. But everybody is good natured, and there seems to be a conviction that the Boston encampment is going to be an especially jolly affair. A large number of ladies are going, and the veterans, whenever necessary, have cheerfully given up their state rooms to the representatives of the opposite sex. To old campaigners the prospect of tak- ing their chances in a crowd has no terrors,and as everybody is going with the avowed inten- tion of having a good time a few discomforts will not make much difference. Orr ToNIGHT. Some of the veterans left on Friday for Bos- ton, but a large number will leave on the 11:20 train this evening, and at 9 o'clock tomorrow morning by the Pennsylvania road, In this party wil be Department Commander M. Jrell, accompanied by the members of his staff, department ofticers, Posts No. 1 and No. 2, with drum corps, Potomac Corps, Woman's Kelief Corps, Past Commander-in-chief 8. 8. Burdett, Past Department Commander Chas. P. Lin- coln, Past Department Commander C. B. Smith of West Virginia, Gen, Raum, the | commissioner of pensions, audalarge num- | ber of ladies and members of the G.AK. posts generally, The excursionists will leave New York by steamer for Fall River at6 p.m Sunday night, stopping at Newport for one hour on Monday morning, and then by special train from Fall River the party will arrive in Boston at 5:0 a.m. on Monday. The committee on transportation, consisting of Col. Chas. P. Lincoln, A. Hart and N. Ferrel, have, by their management, facilitated the details of the arrangements, and the com- rades have been able to fall in line with very little trouble. The Hotel Vendome will be the headquarters of the department commander and of the department. Posts No. 1 and No. 2 will be located at 150 Chandler street, and Potomac Corps, Woman's Relicf Corps, at the Hotel Bellevue, Department commander and staff depart- ment officers and delegates to the encampment also Jno, A, Rawlins Post, No. 1, under the command of H. G. Taber, post commander, and Kit Carson Post, No. 2, under the command of Senior Vice Commander A. Hart, headed by Carson drum corps, will leave G.A.R. Hall, Pennsylvania avenue, for the Baltimore and Potomac depot about 10:30 this evening. The following among others will go: J. H. Twitchell, George Butterfield, Miss Sue Brown, Aug. Heimer, E. L. Grant and wife, John Finn, J. M. Emery and wife, Benjamin Engel, A. S. Dunn, A. Hart, J. W. Wisner, Gen. 8. 8. Bur- dett and five ladies, George D. Burch, Wiliiam Browninger, Dr. A. Baldwin and wife, Joseph C, Taylor and two ladies. Frank Wolfe, Allen WwW Chauncey, kawin M. Cla 8. Garrison, Arthur Hend K. Sargent, Wm. D. Tabier, Theophil Tiverny, James &. Wyckoff. Accompanying the guard will be the following honorary members: Gen. Wm, Warner, N. D. Adams, M. L. Ackerman, Gen. M. M. Bane, Cok F. Brackett, T. J. Burrell, Dr. L. J. Brothersand wife, Wm. d and son, Nathan Bickford, A. Hi. Beck, Dr. H. M. Bennett, L. P. Berthrong and wife, Jerome B Burke, past department cqmmanter; is. Wm. W. atin Temple 5 com- Thos. M. Exly and wife, M. P. Fisher and son, E. A. Finton, Calvin Farnsworth and wife, jup- jor vice department commander; Wm. Gibson, past department commannder; Wm. KR Good- man and daughter, Wm. Bruce Gray, D. M. re and daughter, Frank M. Heaton and m. Hunt and wife, 5. B. Hoge, Chris, Lewis, Chas. McCaffrey, £. 8. MoCleary, Chas, Matthews, J. R. McConnell and wife,W. A. Miller and wife, W. H. Myers, ©. C. Norton and le, P. M. O'Bryon, Heury G. Potter, wife and daughter, Wm. H. Peck, J. FE. Padgett, Col. Wm. Edgar Rogers, A. L. Root, Gen. Green B. Raum, wife and daughter, Geo. Kodway and wife, R. E. Rodway, Geo. E. Sherwood, B. wv. C. Sprague, F. M. Skinner, Benj. L. Mimpeon and deughter, Jas. H. Stine, Gen. Ellis Spear, Clayton E. Simms, Judge Frank H. Thomas, T. W. Tallmadge, A. P. Tallmadge, J. Thos. Turner, Jas. Lanner, wife, daughters and sot Geo. J. P. Wood, L. P. Williams, Walliams, Col C. 8. Walton and wife, WOMAN'S RELIEF CORPS. The following members of the Woman's Re« lief Corps will accompany the guard: Mra. M. T. Anderson, Mra. John ©, S Burger, Mre, Caroline Burktardt, Mrs. T. J. Barrell, Mrs. P. C. Bain, Mrs. M. ©. Burgess, Mra. Wm, Blasland, Mrs. K. Bonsell, Mra. H. M, Bennett, Mrs. Emma Barr, Mrs. Kate Ward Burt, Mre, L. B. Cutter, Mrs. M. E. Cutter, Mrs. Thos. Calver, Mrs. J. B. Dowd, Miss M. H. Fitzpatrick, Mre, Arthur Hendricks, Mra. Wm. H. Hoover, Miss Lizzie Hills, Mra, E. P. Holstead,’ Mra, 3. Jacobson, Mrs. John” Johnson,” Mrs, Jacobs, x. Mrs. W. H. King, Mra. F. R. Keleher, Mrs, M. A. Lockwood, Mrs. Charies Matthews, Misa Helen B. Matthews, Mra. James E. Mo- Cabe, Mrs, M. A. McMillan, Mrs. D. Fy MeGowan, Mrs. Dr. Merrill, W.H. M: ers, Mra. S. J. Neal, Mra. Mary I Mra. Albertine Odeil, M O Conner, Mra, O'Neal, Mr ok W. Paige, Mra. Mary Le Parker, Mi H. Peck, Mrs. M. E. Petty, Mra, Jame: pes, Mra H. L. Prince, Mra, F. B. Wilson, Mra. A. L. Root, Miss Caroline Kansom, Mrs. C. F. Roberts aud daughter, Mra, Augusta ©. Starkey aud daughter, Mrs. E. B. Sheidon, Mrs. F. M. Skinner, Mrs, H. L. Serib- ner, Mrs. J. Thomas Turner, Mrs. W. B. Tew, Mra. E. A. Trusier, Mra. Joanna W. Turner, Mrs. Jeannette Van Deusen, Mra, Geo, J. P. Wood, Mre, Jas, 8. Wyckoff, Mra. Levi H. York, ACCOMPANYING FRIENDR, Alarge delegation of the friends of the Guard will go ou this trip. Among them will be the following fricuds of the company: Mra, E. A. Abbott and mother, Miss Kose Ack- ley, M. EK. Armstrong, I. J. Allen and wife, T. J. Batehelor, N. M. Brooks, past deputy com- mander; Miss M. K. Brooks, Miss G. Buckley, Robert Berbrich, wife and daughter, M. Bar- nett, S. K. Brown and wife, J.J. Baker, Capt, John P. Church and sou, Wm. E. Colleday, Miss Mabel Coleman, P. C. Clarke, P. H. Our= ran, Arthur Clifford, RE. Constant, Jaa. H. Donny, Ernst Dabi, W. H. Doolittle, Mra, Elizabeth Davis, Mrs. J. M. Dufour, Mrs, Dev- ereaux and children, Mrs. Jas, M. Edger, Jaa, Early and wife, Gen. L. Estee and wite, M. P. Fisher and son, Chris Ferguson, Mrs. F. W. Foot, Mrs, E. P. Foster, J. W. Foster and wite, W. N. Fuller, Walter Floeckber, Miss M. Fen- nell, Mrs. 8, M. Gordon, Miss N, Gunion, Mrs, Gunion, Wm. Gibson, wife and son, Dr. Win. Grinsted, Miss Grinsted, Miss Lena Gaftield, W. W, Golway, Mra EL Garnett, Dr. J. H. Grant, wite and daughter, Mrs. C. Hurlbert, J Hinman, Chas, m, Miss Mary Heaton, Arthur Heaton, kell, W. C. Hauptman, Harry Joues, Jacobs, Wm. P. Jacobs, W. 5 Jones, A. Jones, Miss A. L. Jones, EA. Jacobs, Miss Rose Kaufman, Miss Rose Wol M. G. Kemball, wife and son, Miss A. L. Ke ser, Miss A.K. Keyser, Capt. A. Kreidier and wile, Mrs, W. Kirtehell, Mass Maygie Ktrtcbell, G. W. Keenan and wife, 8. G. Lovejoy, Maj. Chester Lawrence and daughter, J. P. Lothrop, Mise McNanw, P. M. May, Geo. Montgomery David F, McGowan, Hi. Morris, Chas, P. March, bt Med H. 5. McCandlish and wife. E. A. Marr, Miss L. Miller, N. M. McLoughlin, Miss Milton, C. B Nichols and w Dr. 3. Purmep aud wife, Miss O'Conner, George Pulaski and wile, Miss Patten, Master Prince, Miss 5S. L. Paige. Mra. T. C. Parsons, J. J. Resly, Mrs. H. M. Rundiett, A. H. G. Richard. R. W. Tyler, T. C. Tipton, J. J, Purman, F, D! Neale, John’ Kinsella, W. H. Hutchinson, E. Holbrook, George W. Fisher, J. H. Kingsbury, J. P. Reed, BT: Rhodes, John 8. Stoddard, Henry’ Jeukins, W. 2B. Pratt and wife, Dr. Howard, E. D. Lothrop and wife, William Gibson, Gen, J. A. Patterson, H. P. Alley, T, S. Kelly, Mrs. 1. P. D. Dame, O. H. Ross, J. A. Commerford, F. C, Jones, C, W. Hastings, the Misses Stick ney, George HH. Cooper, Charles P. Lincoln, wife and daughter. B, F. Hawkes, Mrs. Prof. Hunt, George Mackay, John M. Churchill, Alexander Scott, J.B! Dutton, William B. John ©. Ballew, A. S. Tober, N. G. A. Darling, L. 8. Mortimer, Whitney, J. E. Dejester, Moses Mack, C. G. Bollinger, C. C. H. P. Filler, AP. O'Connor, Patrick O'Far- White, Charles McEwan, William W. H. Walker, 8. D. Lewis, Thomas L. H. Lyons, J. B. Royce, W. A. Mattingly, Asaph’ Dodge, E. J. Brookings, J. H. Jochum, Dr. A. C, Adams, Patrick Moore, Charles RL Douglass, “M.A. Watson, R. J. Walker, J. P. Towusend, L. M. Porter, Dr. G. A, Burghardt, Feris, Alice C, Hill, Dora T. Voorhees, Brunerner, Mary Eldridge, Mra. Whit. Mra. White, Mra, M.D, Lincoin, Mrs. A. 8. Noah, W. D. Boyd, C. B. Dicke: J. M.’Keogh, Denn 1, N s M. comb, N. Swayne, Miss Newell, Mra. Emily Sherwood, Miss Carrié Harrison, Mra. Langtree and son, Mrs. Susun Brown, Mrs. Josie Parsons, Mrs. E. . Temple and son, Mra, Kate Norwood and son, Mrs. Ellen Donohue, Mies Clara Quint, Miss Cora C. Curry, Miss Hills, Mrs. E. L. Rich- ards and brother, KR. M. Burch, P. D. Mere- dith, J. F. Perry, Miss Clark, M Dalton and sister, Annie M. House, H. Wetzel, Mrs. French, Gev. H. Sleybough Sparks, Miss A. Higgins, Mra. M. L. Buckley, Aunie Hill, Jas. Loan, Geo. Voneiff and wife, K. C. Sulden, A. Bradford, D. C. Lovejoy, Mrs. P. B. Wilson, Peter McGirr, Dr. Wm. Merrill and wife, Mrs, J. W. Butcher, C. H. Evans and wife. H. B. Knight. Mrs. and Miss Annie Story, M.S. Hopkins, Geo, Spraney, Hon, A. C. Mat- thews, Dr. Huntoon, A. F. Brooks, Mrs. C. J. ‘Tealing and daughters, Dr. A. L. Jackson and wife, F. L. Dana, Dr. White, J. W. Gibson, H. H, Brewer and ladies, Miss ‘Blanche Dunning- ton, C. W. Mitchell, M. J. McNamee, H. H. Clark, Mrs, French, Mra, Duckett, D. A. Green, G. N. Holland. THE OLD GUARD have made all the necessary arrangements through their committee on transportation, viz: Capt, Jas. M. Edgar, Quartermaster John C. S. Burger, Lieut, A. H. Van Deusen and ser- son (past department commander), Wm. Kipley and wife, Mrs. ©. E. Ryan, Miss M. W. Ryan, Birs. Reamer, George C. Koss, Miss Schmidt, W. M. Safford and daughter, Mre, Thomas W. Stewart, Miss J. F. Sutherland, Charles W. Shetton and wife, Louis Shoemaker, George Schultz, Daniel Saxton, Miss Elida Schultz, J. ‘. Sawyer and wife, — Wall- iam Stiebeling, Miss A. C. Smith, 8. E. Thomason, W. H. C. Thompson, and wife, Mrs. E. B. Tabler, Miss Tabier, J. 8. Thornton, A. O. Tingley, Moses Talbut and wife, W. A. Shute, Dr. i M. Schooley, W. Steward, H, P. Schooley, Thos. M. Stup, M. F. Safford and daughter, Miss Mary Stockett, Miss M. FE. Simpson, E. K. Upham, wife and family, Miss M. L. Wilhams, Miss H. Wolf. LP. Williams and wife, D. KR. Whitcomb, wife and daughter, Mrs. G. B Winslow, A. Willege, W. Williamson, Miss Jessie Woodiaud, Rose Walb. Madame Washington. Friends of the guard: Geo. B. Rose, C. B Haring, W. H. Triplitt, C. ?, Bundick, Chas, Newburg and wife, Bart Diggins, J. 1. Ward, Mrs. W. F; Hewett, child and nurse, RT. Murray, H. H. Martin, W. B. Brown, J. W. Peterson, wife and daughter, Wm. Mills, F, Foster, U. 8. Webster, Tip Towers, J. E. Smith, John A. Clarke, John Gould and wife, A. H, Stamp and wife, Mr. and Mrs. Geo, T, Parker, Miss Burke, Robt. Dawson, Dr. C. A. V. Hartle- ben, Mr. Shoemaker, John M. Clark, BR. W. Montgomery, Lieut. T.B. Armiss, € kK M. Hergnely and wife, J. H. Suuth, Li Hefferman, Jas. B. Denn: A. Stewart, L. Christy, Thos Watson, P. Bb. Merritt, Mr. Jas, M. Miller, C. W. Sherwood, Chas, Freirick, Mrs. C. Marx, J. B. Johnson, E. N. Thorn, H, E. Shipherd, L. Wilson, M. Guisinger, Mra, Guisinger, Mary McGrath, Jno. E. Terrew, B F, Vau Horn, A. W. Eaton, P. i. Merritt, A. H. Martin, T. J. Stewart and wile. THE PROGRAM OF AKWANGEMENTS as determined upon is quite elaborate. Re= ligious services will be held on board the steamer Sunday evening, which will be cou- ducted by Rev. Dr. L. H. York, chaplain of the corps. Monday will be devoted to sighteeeing and in the evening the guard will serenade the commander-in-chief, Gen. R. A. Alger, and De- partment Commander Urell. On luesday they will participate in the grand parade, attending the camp fire at Mechanics’ institute in the evening. On Wednesday they will have the honor of escorting the communder-in-chiet to the encampment building. Thursday they will be theguests of John Goodwin Post, No. 86, of Marbiehead. Friday participate in « geant George C. Harris. The guard will leave tomorrow morning by special train via Baltimore and Ohio railr in charge of Passenger Agent Samuel B, Hege, to Jersey City, thence by special steamer Rhode Island to Providence ‘and thence by special train to Boston, where they will arrive about 7 am. on Monday. At Baltimore the members of the de aent of Maryland will join the Old Guard delegation. The members of the guard will assemble at their armory at 8 a.m., and, in accor with notice, they = gota od uniforms, a and white gloves, with fatigue suspen from the waist belt. Knapsacks ral be carried, in which will be packed a dress coats and other necessary les of clothing. Blankets will be rolled and strapped on knap- sacks, The line will be formed by way of Pennsylvania avenue to the dey paleo hy by Logan Post, Sons of Veterans. The guard will be accom by the Third United States Artillery Ban: ‘The following is a roster of the company: Officers—James M. Edgar, captain; Samuel ML Gordon, first lieutenant; Frank W. Eaige second lieutenant; ‘Albert H. Van Deusen, jr., second lieutenan’ sefohn C8 Burger, QM; Wille Ke Pome. ; Johi . 3 cate; John A eae 0 ne ; Thomas W. H. Hoover, York, officers Fna i il [ ciam bake at Plymouth. Saturday they will be given an excursion aud vhen prepare to returm home. ‘The general program for the national encamp= ment is as follows: The national encampment will meet on Wednesday, August 12, but om ‘Tuesday there will be a parade of the Grand Army posts, and in the evening the Grand Army and Woman's Relief Corps will hold « int reception. The latter organization will old its national encampment at the same time that the Grand Army encampment is in seseion. Wednesday evening a Grand Army camp fire will be given. Thursday evening the delegates and seve ones will sit down to banquet, and Friday will be an excursion by raid to Plymouth, where a clam bake will be held. On Saturday there will be a steamboat excur- sion down the harbor to Minot Laght and thea store, “to know that when they smoke Perfectos and Garcias that cost them 25 cents euch they are not smoking the best cigars on earth, The price of the better brands of Havans cigars runs up to $800 s thousand, which means that are =680 rye Ep iat i i i ff \ HE e H &