Evening Star Newspaper, July 12, 1890, Page 12

12 THE EVENING STAR:- WASHINGTON, D.C., SATURDAY, i Y 12. 1890-SIXTEEN PAGES: FROM LYRE T0 PIANO. Footsteps That Mark the Triumphal March of Music. SPINNET AND HARPSICHORD. > — Am Interesting Collection in the Mus seum—Genevis of the Concert Grand— Imstruments Played by Mozart and Beethovan, an POLLO struck his lyre; so the bards of old say. But it is more than prob- able he twanged the strings or plucked them. It is doubtful if he struck them as does the hammer in a modern piano. As soon. however, as it was found that sweet strains could be produced by striking the taut strings of a musical instru- ment then was the genesis of the upright and the concert grand. From that time on the evolution of the piano has been a gradual one. To a son of Erin is ascribed the definition of a piano asa “harp put ina bor and played by machine.” : But the unintentional wit was only partially right, for « barp is picked while the strings of & piano in its present form are struck in ordor to make the desired sound. It is generally thought that the earliest form of instruments in which the strings are sounded by being struck instead of being plucked or rubbed, as in the case of a violin. is represented oe sculpture picture of a procession found uv an caries monument dating back to the sixth century before Christ. It would seem that the development of the modern instrument so much enjoyed and so fre- quently abused can be traced from this Assy- rian dulecimer-like instrument down through the progressive stages marked by the harp, dui- cimer, monochord. clavichord. virginal. harpsi- chord to the piano forte (which could play both loud and soft), and then to the many improve- ments and elaborations of the latter. THE DULCIMER has been regarded as the true prototype of the piano, the key board of the latter being borrowed from the organ. There is a record ofakey board as early as the sixth century, and when the monochord had made its appear- ance it was an easy matter to add other strings and the clavichord was developed. This is the story as told at least by studeats and musicians who have chosen to delve into the ancient his- tory of musical instruments. A A collection that has recently been placed in the National Museum for exhibition is likely to arouse considerable interest in the bistory of the development of the modern piano. It is a collection of musical instruments that is of a nature to please the casual observer. to amuse the curious and to instruct the student. It is placed at the museum for exhibition for a few years, or until its owner desires it to be shown at the world’s fair. AX OLD-TIM= PIANO. In the exhibit there are three clavichords, aharp, six square pianos, one small upright, two concert grands, two violins. three violas, two lutes and two ‘cellos. They have been de- posited by their owner. Mr. Morris Steinert of New Haven, Conn., who has every reason to be proud of his antique collection. Mr. Hawley of the National Museum eaid to a STAR reporter recently that he regards it as particularly valuable, because it illustrates so much of the development of the piano. “rhe monochord,” said Mr. Hawley toa Siar reporter, ‘was a long instrument, with a single string stretched across two fixed bridges, with a movable bridge in between which gave the pitch. This instrument was commonly used in churches to initiate singers into the mysteries of the eight tones, It was afterward found to be more convenient to do away with movable bridges, and at the pvints to put in fixed bridges raised by bling the keys of an org: Then the strings were struck and the desired notes came forth. The invention of the clavichord thus came about. This in turn was followed by the square Piano, of which it was the prototype. apparatus resem- THE CLAVIcHoRD. “The old clavichord in this collection. as you ean see, has four anda half octaves. It was made by Seuffert in 1761. There is an older one in the collection, but its date and history are not quite so sure. In this one, you see, the natural keys are of dark wood. the chromatic keys being of ivory. There are two brase wires to each note, and on more than half of the wires two notes are struck on each. Of keyed instruments, ot speaking, the clavichord is as- suredly the most ancient. It seems to have followed the monochord and preceded the spinet. virginal and harpsichord. The system of striking more than one note on the same string dates from 1520 to 1725. The early his- tory of the clavichord taken in connection with that of the chromatic key board previous to the fifteenth century rests in profound obscurity. “The action of a keyed instrument is the technical name for that part of the mechanism at transmits the pressure on the key to the jow on the hammer. chord is the simplest imaginable. The key bears at its inner end short, stout pieces of brass wire with the upper ends flattened and of such a length that when the key is pressed down these pieces of brass, or tangents as they are called, will strike and elevate the wires slightly, but when the key is released the tangent will drop below out of contact with the wire. These tangents act as a hammer to vibrate the wires and as a bridge, so arranged that the wires between them and the fixed bridge at the end shall have the cor- Feet length to make the note required. To Prevent that portion of the wire on the left side Of the tangent from sonnding it is made silent by wearing in and out between the two wires a tape or narrow band of cloth. This not only dampens the wire at the length of the tangent, but when the wire is dropped the entire wire is milenced. THE KIRCHMAN MAKPSICHORD. **ext in chronological order comes the harpsichord. This follows the clavicho @ and | thwarting the precedes the piano. It differs from the .atter im that the strings are picked or plucked with The action of the clavi- | TRE SMALL SQUARE PIANO. “The small square piano in Mr. Steinert’s col- lection was made by Johann Christoff Zeckel in 1783. Itis very interesting from the style of ite dampers, which are not actuated by the keys, but by stops at the sides of the cases. It has two stops. the forte or loud, made by raising the dampers, and the piano or soft, called the celeste, that is operated by moving tongues of leather between the ham- mer and the strings. THE SMALL UPRIGHT PIANO. “The small upright piano has four agd a half octaves, It has its forte and piano stops moved by knee levers, a method that followed that of the hand stops and preceded the pedal. This instrument is of what is known as the Charles E. Friederici pattern, and dates from about 1760. You notice that the key board projects from the side of the case. It has but one stop, a forte, which raises the dampers from the ires by a knob attached at the left end of the board. “There is one instrument in this collection that seems to me particularly interesting, for it carries us directly to the scenes and times of one of the masters of music. I mean the concert grand, five octaves, of the Mozart period, made by Anton Walter. This is a true | copy of the Stein grand and also of the Mozart grand in the Mozarteum at Salzburg. and | made by Walter, who in the end became the favorite maker for Mozart. Walter, howev. was really an imitator of Stein. THE MOZART GRAND is = small instrument. The key board has a black, natural case of ebony and chromatic keys of ivory. The action is is that of Stein or the Viennese action. It has two actions, the forte, made by raising all the dampers, and the soft or celeste, made by slid- ing @ piece of cloth between the hammers and the strings. These dampers are acted upon by knee levers, @ system that antedated the pedals, A FAMILY OF PIANO MAKERS. “The Steins were undoubtedly a family of piano makers. The family consisted of the father, Johann Andreas, his two sons, Matthaus Andreas and Frederick, and a daughter, Maria, who was really the most famous of the group. She afterward married Streicher and herself | made pianos under the name of Nanette Streicher, nee Stein. THE BEETHOVEN GRAND. “The Beethoven concert grand in this collec- tion is an example of the work of Madame Streicher. It was made in Vienna in 1816 and | has six and a half octaves, The keys have white naturals and black chromatics. The piano has five stops that are moved by pedals, “Maria Stein, known as Nanette, was, as I have said, the daughter of JohannAndreas Stein, the founder of the German pianoforte making. She was a natural musician, and when still a small girl played before Mozart, who said that, | notwithstanding her evident faults, she had the making of a great musician, Her natural tal- ents as a piano maker, however, were so ob- vious that er father initiated her into the de- tails of his art, and upon his death she carried on the business in company with her brother, Matthaus Andreas Stein. After her marriage to Johann Streicher she moved to Vienna, and in 1802 dissolved the partnership with her brother. Stein of Augsburg afterward became famous asa pianoforte builder. “Nanette Streicher is described as being an en- ergetic and capable business woman, and in ad- dition to her excellent qualities asa piano maker she is said to have been a woman of general cultivation and a model wife and mother. Her name has always been closely connected with that of Beethoven. It is well known that she did much to help him in his domestic arrange- ments, that she lightened the burden of his labors, and even went to the length of looking after his bodily health. PLAYED BY BEETHOVEN. “This particular instrument in this interest- ing collection was one that Madame Streicher loaned to Beethoven for his concerts when away from home. He not only enjoyed playing on this instrument then, but Madame Streicher kept it at the disposal of the great master when- ever he felt like using it. In a letter that Beethoven wrote to Madame Streicher he said: ‘Perhaps you do not know. though I have not always had one of your pianos. that since 1809 I have invariably preferred yours.’ “This piano, the favorite of the great Beeth- oven, bears the name ‘Streicher, Vienna,’ upon the name board, buton the sounding board is to be seen the inscription, ‘Nanette Stein, | Wein.” “So I think yon will agree with me when I say that this collection is one of exceptional interest to musicians and all lovers of music."” oo Educating the Girls. From the Chicago Herald. | An eminent French writer has said: “When You educate a boy you perhaps educate a man; but when you educate a girl you are laying the foundation for the education of « family.” He might have added that to this end the physical ‘training was of equai impoftance with the meutal. In these days the subject of the physical | training of young men is occupying much at- | tention, and the discussions are broad and full of interest. The fault is that the needs of both sexes in this respect are not equally con- | sidered. An erect figure, an organism in which the ' husband, so far as love for his wife can be man- HE IS A GOOD BOY NOW. The Prince of Wales and What He Will Do as a Ruler. INTERESTING GOSSIP FROM EUROPE—DIVORCES IN ENGLAND—EDUCATED WOMEN—EX-MINIB- TER WEST—EMPEROR WILLIAM ON HIS TRAV- ELS—HELIGOLAND. Special Correspondence of Taz EvExrne 8Tan. Loxpox, July 4. DWARD VII will be the name of the next king of England, if, as now seems Probable, Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, should succeed his royal mother ‘on the throne. The prince himself is said to have determined on the name of Edward, consecrated by old Saxon associatio! 8 ‘as well as having been borne by the most mili- tary of England’s kings. The queen, it ie under- stood, would have preferred that her son and successor should take his father’s name, Albert, But the prince is eminently politic, and he is well aware of the popular English prejudice against the minor princes of Germany, of whom Prince Albert was one, Besides, he loses no opportunity to remind the people that he is an Englishman. He thinks that the less his dyn- asty’s German intermixture is thought of the better for ite standing in Great Britain. Asa matter of fact, the prince is as much a descend- ant of the Stuarts and the Tudors as if he be- longed to the long exiled and now extinct male line of James II; but this fact is apt to be over- looked by persons not versed in genealogy, and good many yet, both in north and south Britain, still regard Queen Victoria's house as intruding Hanoverians, AS A SOCIAL REPRESENTATIVE. The prince is becoming more and more con- spicuous as the social representative of the queen, and, indeed, her majesty shows a dis- position to abdicate in his favor all but the title of monarchy. Advanced in years, the aged lady is seeking that rest which she gemi- nently needs, if her life is to be prolonged, and her son has to bear the burden, as yet without the honors. The late levee, held by the prince as representing the queen, was a remarkable scene of royal splendor, the nobility and wealth of England being magnificently repre- sented. The prince isnot slow to recognize approved genius, in literature. the arts and reat achievements in science and exploration. Those who know him best say that he will be another William IV in his lil popular asvirations, and that while dis- countenancing any infringement on the honor and respect claimed to be due to royalty, he will give such inspiration and impulse as the crown can give to the cause of popular pro- gress, : In person the prince has a decided tendency to stoutness. He has the Georgian face, modi- fied by an expression agreeable as well as dig- nified, and he knows how to condescend with- out familiarity. He is said to be a devoted ifested by assiduous attention, and to be proud of her beauty and accomplishments. There is robably no truth in the story that Mrs. angtry once took advantage of the prince's favor to ask, ‘How is your wife?” and that the prince replied with severity: “Her royal high- ness, the Princess of Wales, is well.” But the story might well be true, for the prince jeal- ously exacts respect for his beantifui Danish consort. He is equally attached to his chil- dren, An introduction to the Prince of Wales is not always in the nature of royal recogn tion. The prince admits a certain class to his made themselves familiar with fools and jesters and as eastern rulers today have their dwarts, their wrestlers and other favorites to amuse them. For instance, when the Prince of Wales admitted Buffalo Bill and Jobn L, Sullivan toa personal introduction it was in a different sense from his intercourse with Henry M. Stan- ley. The former he regarded simply as curi 8 for his entertainment; the latter asa genius worthy of royal recognition and friend- ship. This distinction is often lost sight of by persons who read that so-and-so has been in- troduced to the Prince of Wales, and hasten to the conclusion that such are the prince’s asso- ciates, NOT A MILITARY LEADER, Although Edward is a name connected with some of the grandest military events in English history it 18 not thought likely that the next King Edward will adopt the custom of several of his predecessors of that name of leading En troops to the field. The Stuart and ‘Tudor sovereigns were generals as well as monarchs, even the women—as in the case of Mary Queen of Scots and Elizabeth of Eng- Jand—taking the leadership of their soldiers in the time of peril; but not so the Georgian rulers of England, who have always done their fighting by proxy. ‘There is nothing in the temper of the Prince of Wales to indicate any military inclinations, and in this respect he differs from his nephew, the Emperor of Ger- many, whose warlike utterances now and then are said to chuse his venerable grandmother, Queen Victoria, no end of anxiety. The prince is said to be behaving himseif in private life as a man of his distinguished position aud mature age ought to ‘behave, and to have put behind him the follies of his earlier years, And this brings attention to the fact that Eng- land has just been witnessing a rather novel rality toward | attentions, just as the English kings of old | | men outof some of the which abound in Oxford and Cambridge. ‘ash: people ought to be interested in the news the eldest daugnter of Lord Sackville-West has just been married to Sing vagy poi at Senna. "he very a un- fortunate incident in the i election campaign has not det from the favor with which Lord Sackville-West is viewed by the heads of the administration, as well as by the English nobility in geneaal, and he is a _ at most of the distinguished ae is friends say that he has not ver the pain caused by the American incident and is not yet able to understand just how and why he was victimized. He views an American post- mark with considerable suspicion, and even an American request for his autograph is sub- jected to close study and scrutiny. EMPEROR IN NORWAY. The visit of the German emperor to Norway, one of tho two kingdoms ruled over by « Frenchman once poor and obscure in his native land, brings up an interesting romance of mod ern history. Not one of the generalsor rela- tives whom the first Napoleon planted on thrones retained the ity bestowed upon him. The only commander who served under the French autocrat and who founded a royal house, in existence today, was Bernadotte, and he did not owe his aries to Napoleon. On the contrary, had Napoleon known that the Swedes had selected Bernadotte for their king he would never have permitted that general to getout of his reach, Bernadotte afterward took an active share in the alliance for the overthrow of the emperor, and when the map of Europe was readjusted he was left on the Swedish thron It took a long time for the parvenu king, seated in the chair for centuries occupied by the illustrious house of Vasa, to obtain social recognition in Europe. But the Bernadottes are a politic race; they ignored théir French origin and endeavored in every way to identify themselves with Sweden and to conciliate the other monarchs of Europe. They have admirably succeeded in both respecte, and today they are recognized as equals by the Romanoffs, the Guelphs and the Hohenzollerns, being connected by marrriage with the im- pefial family of Germany. And the founder of this house was the son ot a poor French lawyer. THE COMPANY OF SKINNERS. y Last week the master of the wealth and influ- ential company of skinners, which has been in existence for six centuries and which is one of the oldest in the city of London, was installed with the usual quaint formalities, In the year 1403 a master of the name of Adam Cokayne presented the company with three large gold cocks, and, indeed, the designation of cockney usually applied to the Londoners born within the sound of the famous Bow Bells is supposed to have been derived from either the giver or the gift above mentioned. These cocks were during the banquet, after the ceremony of in- stallation last week, carried around the tables in procession, borne by men arrayed in the garb of skinners’ apprentices in the fourteenth century. They were followed by a man simi- larly attired, bearing queer-iooking cap made of the finest fur, who, on reaching the dais exclaimed in loud tones: ‘Whom will this cw fit?” First it was tried on the head of the lord chief justice of England, who was present as a guest, but it was immediately removed, as the attendant declared it would not fit. Afterward itwas tried on in turn by several other of the distinguished guests present. Finally, the ‘time-honored comedy was concluded by plac- ing it on the head of Mr. Tamp, the newly elected master of the Skinner Company amid loud cheers. The fit was declared perfect. Mr. Tamp is a well-known furrier in London, as required for the office which he has been selected to fill, for on this matter no cbarter is more strict than that of the skinners, which provides that the master and wardens of the said guild should be chosen from such of the freemen as have used and professed the mas- tery and art of a skinner and not from any others, NOISE IN BATTLE. Lient. Col. de Roclms of the French army is of the opinion that a noise in battle makes man brave and less sensible to pain or fear. He has just published a little volume which is a his- torical series of the exclamations which rise to the lips in entering action. At first they are simple sounds of “You! You!” as uttered by the Kabyles, or the ‘He! He! He!” of the An- nanites, designed to frighten the enemy. The simple sounds become treditional phrases as civilization advances. Thus arose the *‘A boo!” of the Irish, “Torr he benn!” of the Bretons, “Hurrah!” of the Cossacks and ‘*Vorwaerts!” of the Germans. During the middle ages came cries of recognition in battle—‘Tue! Tue! the French being most distinguishable, Pri- vate families had, ho “En avant tonjurs en Lande en Guercy: Counts Bas; *‘Tamais Arriere!” the Douglasses. Such sounds were varied by invocations to the saints. “Saint Andrew!” was the war cry of sincere sougeeries | the Scotch; ‘Dieu Ayde!” of the Montmorency; “Bourbon Notre Dame!” of the Bourbons. In- dividual combat and the meeting of small bodies having gradually come to an end, the “lan- guages of heroes” are perpetuated in the shape of family devices, Curtis Kincuaxe. soe ICE CREAM SODA FOR TWO. Drawn in the Highest Style of the Art— Stolen Candy. divorce case. It is, or was, of a sort, un- happily, not novei in America, where peo- ple go from one jurisdiction into another to seck relief, on flimsy pretenses, from bonds matrimomal. Mr. Harris Gastrell, well known in the diplomatic service of the queen, found, as he alleges, that there was an incom- atibility of temper between himself and Mrs. astrell, Mr. Gastrell seemed to have the best share of the family temper and admitted in his testimony how he sometimes went to a neighboring forest to cool it off. He could not produce any evidence that his wife’s temper ‘was bad, but evenif he could it would not amount to anything toward procuring a divorce in England. S80 Mr. Gastrell proceeded to Wiesbaden in Nassau, Germany, and there pretended to take up his abode, claiming to be aresident. He asked the Nassau court to give him a decree of divorce from his wite on the ground of desertion and the court granted the request in a spirisot accommodation that quite eclipsed the Chicago method. He then applied in England for an injunction to prevent Mra. Gastrell from describing herself as his wife. ‘The English court decided that she was his wife and that the Nassau court had no authority to grant the divorce. As Wiesbaden is a favorite place of pilgrimage for Americans, the possibility of easy divorce in connection with the mud baths may be of interest, ANOTHER NOTED CASE in the courts is that of a descendant of the illustrious Horace Walpole. Mr. Robert Horace Walpole “has got himself into the very worst kind of a pickle with® German joverness named Valerie Wiedemann. There is altogether too much to be said on both sides, but an impartial observer of the case is likely to be impressed that Miss Weidemann is a good deal of an adventuress and Wal- pole a good deal of a fool. She claims that she met him in Constantinople, that there he prom- ised to marry her and gave her a signet ring. He asserts that he never promised to marry her, but only had her under his protection; and that once when he dropped his signet ring she picked it up and refused to return it. The plaintiff, Miss Weidemann, conducted her suit without the assistance of counsel and this pro- bably weakened a strong case. At any rate, she failed to convince the jury that she had been seriously damaged by Mr. Walpole. ‘ihe affair is of some interest, as throwing light on the social existence of English people of rank in the east. The decencies of life are evi dently relaxed a gqod deal when an English- man gets as far as Constantinople, and the con- duct of foreigners, oven of the better ciass, in that city is manifestly not calculated to impress the unspeakable Turk with a sense of his own unworthiness. THE HELIGOLANDERS. . The Heligolanders are indignant atthe re- flections thrown upon their island in English parliamentary discussion. They claim that their little island home is not the barren bit of | saepraoae of life may go on without the cease- ess discord of functions at war with each other because of abnormal relations—in short, the added advantages which a@ fine physical ad- justment gives to its —are as neces- sarytoone sex as the other and for the same reasons. If physical education and consequent im- provement are things to be desired it is not that a number of individuals, as a result of this training, shall be able to perform certain feats of strength or agility; but in its broadest sense it is for the improvement of the race, and the race cannot materially advance, phy- sically, intellectually or morally, unless two factors which constitute the. race share equally in whatever tends to ite greater perfection, Therefore, if in consequence of proper physical training men can do more work, live longer and transmit to posterity a share of this improved condition women also should be rock and sand that some of the advocates of cession to Germany pretend; that it has been visited several times by members of the royal family of England and is visited almost every summer by German and Austrian princes, who often stay there for weeks, and that the num- ber of visitors who annually go to Heligoland on account of its picturesque position, exc: lent sea bathing and pure sea air is above 10,000. The Heligolanders say that they have saved the lives of many English sailors, that they are devoted to the English flag and not at all anxious to exchange their allegiance. All this, however, willmot save them, although it is the first instance in centuries of the surren- der of territory held as long as Heligoland has been held. EDUCATED WOMEN. ‘This is « great year for women in the Eng- so trained that they can do more work, live longer and contribute to the higher possibili- ties of the race by supplementing instead of omise which has presup- higher developme of men. Rev. David Evans, a preacher of the Metho- posed in the short pieces of quills instead of being struck | dist Episcopal Church, died in Baltimore yes- paralysis, preacher by a blow from the hammer. they are not many. in this city is the one that was a Nellie Custis by Gen. Washington thet still to be seen at Mount Vernon. There are some | terday from iy spinets and harpsichords in this country, but | for fifty-five years. The one most known to ven = Bahamas, and Lady He wasa local Sir Ambrose Shea, lish universities. Miss Alford of Girton, a niece of the dean of Canterbury, is one of the four who stand in the first division of the first class at Cambri in this respect repeating the ‘success of Ramsey and almost equalin; that of Miss Fawcett. Cambridge and ‘Oxford are still closed to women,’e: that they are allowed by favor to stand for examination. refusal to admit women rie and ne WO RATHER giddy- looking young women in light summer gowns and many — ribbons Z floated airily into acon- fectioner’s shop on F street yesterday and, folding their parasols, awaited the leisure of the graceful youth with the striking necktie who \ 1 was one of the operator sigh, at the soda water coun- ag pote I ter. MAT io “Let's wait for him,” whispered one of the girls, “He always gives more syrup. “Besides, I’m stuck on his bang,” confessed the other, returning the whisper. “Ladies, what can I have the-er-pleasure of serving you with?” inquired the young man a moment later, twisting the waxed end of his blondejmustache seductively. ‘Two ice cream sodas, if you please,” said the first young woman, giggingly. “One chocolate and one strawberry,” added the second young woman, with a responsive but more subdued giggle. ‘The youth with the striking necktie poured out those two soda waters with as elaborate an attention to detail as if he had been preparing a prescription to be labeled “Poison.” After dropping an ¢xtra-sized chunk of ice cream into each glass and after it a third of a glass of syrup. he poured in the gas-charged fluid from the fountain with infinite pains, though he did not finish without stirring the mixtures up gently with a long-handled spuon and adding a final dash of curbonic dioxide from the spigot. ‘The fair customers did not lack appreciation of his efforts in their behalf, but thanked him by expressive glances over the rims of their tumblers, while they dipped the ends of their pest noses into the foam that crowned the everage. “Isn't he Vm phd ” asked the second young woman as they left the counter. erfectly “charming,” replied her com- “T wanted a second glass myself, but didn’t know what he’d think. “That girl with the dark hair is a gussio- lulu,” said the graceful young man to himeelf, as he poured out a tumbler of soda water with one jerk and two squirts for an old lady who had just come in. “I wonder where she lives and if her father is well fixed?” The two young women in light gowns and ribbons paused at the confectionery depart- ment before leaving the shop and proceeded to look over the candies, which were tempt- ingly exposed on trays.’ Now and then they paused to give a peck or two here and there at the chocolate drops, the pistache creams, the sugared almonds, the “buttercups” and the walnut glaces until they had gobbled thus casually something like a quarter of a pound of such costly sugar plums. By this time they had made up their minds that ten cents’ worth of old-fashioned molasses candy was what they wanted, and, having purch this, they left the store, chattering gaily. “Do you not object to being robbed of your sugar plums in that way?” inquired a SraR re- porter who had been watching the perform- ance with astonished eyes of an attendant at the candy counter. “No,” she replied. “We have to put up with that sort of thingasa matter of course. Most women can’t resist the temptation to steal a candy or two when they come in. It is weakness of the sex, spparently; men never do it, But, after all, that may be be- cause very few men care for candy. cus- tomers take enough to more than wipe out our profit; but I_ never offered any objection save once, when I caught a young woman empty: a good-sized tray of the most expensive mi: confectionery into her reticule, No, we don’t steal candy ourselves, because we see too much of it, When a girl is pre gripe woke con- fectionery shop or factory usually per- mitted and even pope ty to eat she wants, The result is that her a) gery becomes surfeited to such an ex! that it never recovered,” 7 eee J: McMahon, an em) at Armour's james ploye a died CT — seamed GLIMPSES OF THE FAR WEST. A Trip in the Spring Across the Conti- nent. SETTLING DOWN IN WASHINGTON—THE THRIFT OF ‘WESTERN CITIES—A PERFECT CLIMATE—RIVALRY OF SEATTLE AND TACOMA—THE INDIAN POPU- LATION. Correspondence of Tus Evxxrxe Stan Seartie, July 3. UT WEST” generally conveys toeastern people an idea of such states as Min- nesota, Kansas, Colorado, &c. The ‘ind scarcely wanders any farther and in some portions of the east one hears Ohio spoken of as # western state. California, some way, has usuaily the dignity of its name accredited it. When aman makes up his mind to visit this varied and | serie state we say, “John Smith is going to jifornia;” but when his wife decides that she will taka a trip to Wyoming, why Mrs. Smith is going wost. Laehall not attempt to explain this custom. I simply wish to say that hereafter there is no west to me. Everything is east, forI ama citizen of the state of Washington. resi: in the city of Seattle, and I refuse to believe that there is any country farther west than this same state. We have the testimony of others that if we start from here in = mosterly direction and keep going long enor that we will get ‘Anis. Sut have ¥ > ot been taught from youth up that Asia is about as extreme east as wecan reach? SoI prefer to cling to the tra- ditions of childhood (though they may be) and refuse to believe that this continent can be west, [had often heard before coming here of the “wild west,” the ‘woolly west,” but let me tell you people in the east that it is just a matter of a few years before the wildness will be only in your minds. At present, I must acknowi- edge, for fear of some one else telling you, that a few weeks ago there wasa bear killed in Seattle's limits. But I leave it to every fair minded person’s judgment if it was not better to kill the bear than to let it live. WESTWARD Ho! March was the mouth in which we set our faces “westward ho!” Having discussed at length the advantages of the competing roads we finally decided on the Northern Pacific, as there was no change of cars to be made be- tween St. Paul and Tacoma, and when oue has several guide books, a valise, three novels, a well-filled ghawi strap and an umbrella, be- sides trunks to look after. a through train is quite an item of consideration. We took the Pullman sleeper at St. Paul one Friday evening at 7 o'clock, the train being two hours late, and were in Seattle the follow- ing Tuesday morning at 9:30. (I hear that the trains are making faster time now.) It was an interesting ride. Even the hundreds of miles of snow-covered Dakota prairies kept one’s attention for a few hours. In fact it was only when I found that I would be able to feast my eyes on this monotony for some forty hours that I turned with relief to the egotism of “Marie Bashkirteeff.” Need I say that I was pretty desperate when I found solace in that. Of course, there were the Bad Lands of Da- kota, but to teli the truth we did not see them. The train was then three hours behind time and we went through them about 7 p. late to really define the grotesque outlines of this wonderful country. THROUGH THE BAD LANDS. We were enjoying a good dinver in the din- ing car when some one called out: “We are going through the Bad Lands,” and immedi- ately every one who was near enough pressed his face against a window and was rewarded by seeing his oppbsite neighbors in the car a) parently sitting out in iid air with their table and lights, in fact nothing but a reflection of the interior of the car. And hey I feel posi- tive that there is not a person who was on that train who will not say that they have seen the Bad Lands. Well, we passed through them and looked at them, so is it not reasonable to say that we saw them unless we were blind. ‘The eastern part of Montana is like all Da- kota, and traveling at the time of the year that we did that whole country was covered with snow, the streams and rivers being frozen and covered with a soft, white robe, so that we knew where they were only by the siope of the banks, with their skirting of frozen, leafless bushes. As we neared the western part of this state the country became rapidly more and more mountainous, and we were soon in the heart of winding in and out and climbing up and down them. This is a most beautiful country; beautiful even in ite garb of winter. Mountain scenery an elevating effect on the ve often wondered if this is not inctive feeling that most of us have that Heaven is above us, and all great ele- vations seem so much nearer that biessed abode that in gazing up to the heights one's thoughts and feelings are lifted and awed. AT HELENA. Sunday afternoon we reached Helena, the capital of Montana, and here we got out to stretch our wearly limbs during the half hour's stay. It was a welcome relief, though we could see nothing of Helena proper, as it lies about a mile from the depot among the mountains, It isa flourishing, typical western city, I hear—a few boid people daring to claim it as a rival to Seattle. The male population of the city had turned out to see the eastern train. and a mot- ley crowd it was—ail kinds and conditions of men and of languages. It it hard to say which were the most entertained, they or we. The prettiest and most charming part of our ride was that which runsin and out along the shores of Lake Pend d’Oreille in the northern partof Idaho. The lake is sixty miles in length and from three to fifteen miles wide. On every side rise high mountains towering aloft and casting their shadows on the lake, which is dotted here and there with wooded isiauds, while flocks of wild ducks skimming and diving into the elear water make just enough life about the place to keep one’s thoughts from melancholy. ALONG THE LAKE’S SHORES. It was Monday morning while we were at breakfast that we were skirting in and out along the lake’s shores, and finally, darting across it, lost ourselves among the mountains for several hours, until noon time came and found us at Spokane. We had a wet welcome. ‘There was a persistent, steady drizzle of rain falling and the depth of the mud was an un- known quantity. Here, too, the male popula- tion of the town came to see us. Just such an- other crowd as met us at Helena, only this was much larger and muddier. Spokane prospers, It does all in that respect that its best friends could wish, Like Seattle (and the Pheonix) it has been blessed with severe fires and each time rises triumphant and more glorious from its ashes, AT TACOMA the next morning we stopped just long enough to change cars, so we saw nothing of it but perpendicular hills and umbrellas. It is, how- ever, a thriving city of about 30,000 inhabit- ants, and socially is a charming place. The Seattleites allow that Tacoma has one advantage over them, and that is a good opera house. ‘The ground been broken for one here, which is to be ad meg by Christmas, and no doubt it will be, like many others, the finest on the coast. The trair skirts the shore of Elliott bay for a mile before reaching Seattle, so one has a good view of the city coming in, ‘It is built on the eastern shore of the bay; overlies tide flats and also rises to crown the high hills which essen- tially forms the Puget sound country. We escaped alive from the hack drivers and fied to the Rainier "bus, which soon, with the aid of four horses, pulled us up several very steep hills to the hotel. The streets which lie below the hotel are so very steep that one overlooks the business part of town, and looking from the Rainier piazza, Elliott bay. with its blue waters and wooded points, which mark its separation from the sound, seem to lie directly betow one; while tar over beyond the opposite shores one sees the dim, distant and jagged outlines of the Olym- pic range. To south, if it is a clear day, ‘one can see the great, white, dome-shaped top of Mount Tacoma. Exceedingly difficult and dangerous of ascent, it rises 14,444 feet above the level of the sea and has always a mantle of snow over ite hi In the evening the rays - the setting = = ~ this distant and mn} w snowy ca] eclitseeens of uacieomed Secon at oe hotel which is ip course ot erection, the ben” 01 whic! course of ¢1 20 called for one of wealthy ‘and lberai | torer per eagerbeape There are several other hotels in the city of » first-class reputation, the ington, Russell House and Snoqualmic, be- ing among the best. THE WESTERN SPIRIT. To really appreciate the spirit which ani- mates these people one has to remember that just twelve months ago the whole business part of the town was swept away by fire, most of the losers savii ay mG being escape their eed frow, in es of wi one reasonably peyenge brick cont psy retain an hour, there commands at it $20 a month, and one might sa) limited choice of homes. I asked one o! un- the become it handy girl who had been working at the hotel. “She is on our ranch,” was the reply; “but I am going to have her come in soon and take painting lessons.” From avery fine artist, by way, who was el $5 a lesson. It is said that there are no poor people and it seems true when almost every man and woman bas two or three town or to make two or three hundred per cent. It has been frequently and may be done again. SOME POVERTY. That there is, undoubtedly, much poverty in this country, much among a class who are too proud to let it be known—people from the far east and south who have come here with their families, thinking that good tions were ready made and awaiting wed ery who have found out, to their sorrow, that. unless they are good laborers, carpenters or mechanics, or are able todo such work as belongs to what we call the working class, it is quite as difficult to get employment here as it wouid be in an east- erncity. The advantage in coming here lies in the broader outlook for the young man, ADVANTAGES OF THE COUNTRY. This is anew country, as yet, we may say, unsettled, with immense stores of coal and iron and doubtless many other minerals in its unexplored mountains country in the eastern part of the state; quan- tities of various kinds of fish in the sound for food, for canning and for exportation; forests of lumber which is being sent to ail parts of the world, and dozens of new towns springing up (let us not say like mushrooms) needing workmen of all kinds. One needs pluck and determination to carry one through the first year or so, butafter that the reward is g: erally generous, THE SIWASH INDIANS. One of the peculiar features of Seattle life is the number of Indians seen on the street, dressed, not in the proverbial blanket, but in cast-off clothes of the whites. The tribes around here are Siwashes, and one cannot im- agine their having an ounce of the desperate, brave blood that seems to belong to the {udian race, These Siwashes are very small and drag themselves slowly around the street barefooted, dressed in dirty rags, carrying baskets of clams to sell and other baskets to fill with any scraps of food they may pick off the street or out of the garbage barrels. They seem to be utterly degraded and the flats on ‘which they live are | fine fields for home missionaries, PRINCESS ANGELINE. The principal character among these Indians is the Princess Angeline, ané old woman whose face in a mass of wrinkies and who is ugly in the extreme. It is said that about the middle of this century she and her husband, who has | since died, tramped from the western part of this state through almost impenetrable forests to warn the people in this village (as it then | was) that the Indians were going to attack the them, This heroic act was the means of saving | the town, and since then Angeliue has been a part of it. She is the daughter of the old chief, Seattle, for whom the city is named and to whose memory the pioneers of the city have lately erected a” handsome monument at Port Blakeley. where he was buried in 1866, The old chief would have great cause to be proud of his namesake, which, from a popula- tion of 3,000 in 1880, has risen to be a city of 44,000, doubling its size since ‘88, SEATTLE’S PROSPECT. We expect great things of it in the next five years and have already begun to compare New York and Seattle, I saw in one of our morning | Pavers that the subject for debate in some school was “The advantages of Seattle over New York.” Absurd though it was, it is the right spirit which animates the children, the spirit which will make Seattle what its friends expect of it—a thriving, prosperous city of 200,- 000 atthe next census. We have a few good things that New York has not, and they are four cable roads, three branch electric lines, with a franchise for anoth But the best thing about Seattle is its health- ful climate. Numbers of persons who came here almost invalids have told me that they ferl like different beings since breathing this salt air. The winter months are never very cold. In- stead we have a continual dropping of rain from November until March. ‘The rest of the year we have beautiful weather, with numer- ous showers and cold nights. There is no such heat here as there is in eastern cities. Carotyn Norts. ———+ee ASBESTOS AND ITS USES. A Queer Mineral That Sorves Not a Few Vegetable Uses. ERE 1s a towel that is never washed and yet is always kept clean,” said a chemist to a Stax reporter, handing to ‘him at the same time what appeared to the eye and touch to be nothing more nor less than an ordinary piece of coarse cot- ton toweling. “What sort of laundry do you send it to?” was the natural query. “This kind,” replied the man of science, going over to the corner of his laboratory and stuffing the towel into a small stove that was burning brightly there for chemical purposes, “I understand,” said the visitor. “You never use such a towel more than once.” “You are very much mistaken there,” re- sponded the chemist. “I use such towels most forever and they almost never wear out.” With that he lifted off the lid of the stove again and took out the towel with the tongs, dipping it in cold water and then handing it once more to the newspaper man. “Wh exclaimed the latter, “it is not even | injure ae “It is made of rock.” answered the chemist; | but a very peculiar kind of rock—so peculiar, indeed. that the ancients supposed the stuff of which this towel is woven to be of a vegetable nature. They used to wrap bodies that were | to be burned in cloths made of the same flax- like substance in order to keep the ashes from being lost among the charred wood of the | funeral pyre. Also they used it for napkins | and for lamp wicks.” ‘But what is it called?” (ou have often heard of it under the name of ‘asbestos,’ though very few people appar- ently have any notion as to what it really ie. Enormous deposits of it exist in Canada and elsewhere. Itis a form of avery hard rock called hornblende and is found in strata ot a fibrous consistency readily divisible into silky strands resembling flax. This likeness has given it the name of ‘earth flax.’ You can see for yourself from this towel how much it looks like a vegetable fabric when woven. An as- bestos towel may be used for pretty nearly the same purposes as an ordinary towel, and, when it is dirty, all you have to do is to throw it into the fire and rake it out after a little while perfec:ly clean,” “Is asbestos used for any other purposes in these days?” “Oh, yes. Itis employed for roofing mate- rial, boiler felting, paper stock, and in the mixing of fireproof paints for stage scenery. Also clothes for firemen and gloves to handle red-hot iron with are made of it. Sometimes & good agricultural | RAILROADS. ((ESAPEAKE AND OHIO RAILWay. Trains leave Union Depot, 6th and B streets, 10. nd No an By Sortolk ae 6. as press daily fo r stations in Kentucky and Cincinnati. Woat V: YaEnis, West Virginia, _ty12-tf ALIIMORE AND OlIO LRo. Schedule in effect dene ae Teen, we Washington from For Nore eso. & 20,78, BS 10 timore for Washingt. >. 720, 8 35 p.m. For Gaithersbure aud intern Lm te ite, 72. 10:00, 111-00 am. t +300, 83455 Te RE mm. 1.00, 13:00, *5.35, os pt For bioyd’s and intermediate static Church’ train leaves Washt Pa tall tations ou jerick, 76-30, $8.30, “30, 14:30 p.m. | Pima. dais. NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA DIVISION. For New York, Trenton, Newark, \J..aud Liuabeth, > 4:05, 18:00, 710,00, “12-00 am. '4:50and *10-30 p.m. Buffet Parlor Cats ou dry trains. Siéeping Car on the 10-30 p.m. opem 205, +8 -00, *10:00, *12 00 noo, ‘Por L wilmingtes and Chester, “6 Jel, Wilmington a ae Te SoN 00 noon, *2.00, *4:50, "6.15, a For intermediate points between Baltim Philadeipiia,"¥5:00 ‘nd’ t7-20'aam., 32:90," fork for Washington, *? 0, 3.00 rn and 2208 for Washington, 4:2 Ws Tao. dak a8 ‘0 Boston *2.50 p.m., with Pullman Buffet Sieep- ing car runniug through to Boston without chauge Jit Rouehkeo) sie Biridwe, landing passengers in Bund _ station at boston, For Atlantic City, and 10 am. 12:00 noon, Sundays, 4-05a.m. 12 noon and 10-30 p.m. FOR BAY Riper. aays,9:15 am, 1:30, 4:3 9:35am. 1-80, 3-15 pm. ies ces Leave Bay Hudge, week days, 6:30, 8:30 p.m. Sun. be day . {Sunday iS xcept Suuday. “Daily. {Sunday on! Baggage called for and checked from hota Is end Teat- deuces by Union Transter Conpany on orders left at Ucket offices, 619 and 13 Penn. ave. and at depot vo. SCULL, Gen, Pass, Agent. Manarer aye leave New be "2200, *3. ve Philadeiph #1130 ane CHAS. _3. T. ODELL Gen, NHE GREAT To THE PENNSYLVANIA ROUTE pov THE NORTH, AND SOUTHWEST. STLEL BAILS. SPLENDID SCEN MAGN IPICENT EQUIPME! ENT BQ NT. rey Fo 40 pam. dally. with iu Cars Washington to Chicago and St. connecdiug daily at Sleepers for Louisvill Press, 10:00 pun daily, for with through Sleeper to Pittsburg, and. Pt Chicaxo. - BALTIMORE AND POTOMAC RAILROAD. or Kane, Cavandaivua, Kochester and Niagara Palle Gaily, except sunday, 810 stn, a * m. daily, except Sunday. For Willianisport daily. 3-0 p.m. FOR PHILADELPHIA, NeW NORE AND THE E 11:40 am, 2:10, 3:1 OU 11.20 pan. On oo a 20, 5 1 4 FOR PHILADELPIA ONLY Fast express 8:10 a.m. week Express, Sunday only, 5:4 For Boston without For Brooklyn, N.¥., all ‘rains connect o@ Jersey City with bouts of Brookiyu Aunex, afford= hnig direct transfer to Pulton strect avoldiugdeabae ferringe across New York city For Auautic City, 11:40am. week days, 11-20 p.m 500, 5:40, For Pope's Creek except Sunday For Annapolis, 7:20 and 9-00 a.m. 12-05 and 4:20 ‘p.m, daily, except Sunday. Sundays 4:20pm WASHINGTON SUUTHERN RAILWAY IN EFFECT MAY 11. 1800. Line, 7 P.tu. week days For iuchwoud aud y Accommmoda: Leunsylvauia avenue, and at orders can be left for the checking: euce lo wentination Lum Lotels and residences. cilas. &. PUGH, 4. WOOD, Geueral Mauager. [my12} General Passenger Agent, ICHMOND AND DANVILLE RAILROAD CO. edule im eftect MAY 11, 180. Hast Tennessee Mail, daily tor Warvens ton, usville, Charlottesville, Lynchburg Staiious between ‘Alexandria ‘Lynchburg, Rosa. oke, Atlanta, Bristol, Knoxville, Chattanoove aud Metplis. Fullnuan Sleeper Washington to home, da. 11-24 am ‘Maal daily tor « lottesville, stations Chesy Lynchburg, Kocky Mount, tween Lyuchbury and Danville, Greensboro’, Asheville, Charlotte, Columbia, Augusta,” Atlan! Birmingham, Montgomery, New Orleaus, Teams California. “Pulman Skeper New York to Atisute and Pullman Sleepers Aucuta to New Urieaus. Pull- mau Sleeper Danviile to Columbia and Augusta. Pulls wan Sleepers Washington to Cinciunati vie Cand @ oute. 3:40 p.m--Daily, except Sunday, for Manassa, ‘Strasburg und iutermediate stations, 1s via Lyncbburs, Bristol and Chate wan Vestibule Sleepers Washilgton Meniphis, connecting thence for alt ms 5 emt xpress duly for Staunton, Louisville, Cinciunath Pull Vestibule Train Washiugten to ‘with a Pullman sleeper tor Louisville. 11:00 p.m. Southern }-xpress daily for Lynchburg, Danville, “aie, Anbeville, Charlotte, Column, Auvusta, AU. anta, “Montgomery, catil v Car Wi New Oricans, Texas Vashinscton Pulluea Auaute SS ma. roturning leave howd i y and 12:20 pan Washington 0:30 am and the mineral is found in thin sheets of inter- laced fibers, known as ‘mountain leather.’ Elsewhere it is not infrequently procured in thick sheets, and in that condition is called ‘mountain cork.’ " a Strange Stories From Armenia. According to advices received at Constanti- nople a number of Armenian peasants at Ala- kiles who failed to pay their taxes were burned alive by Turkish zaptichs. The authorities of Trebizond have sent 26.000 cases of paraifine to Dersim for the pur- of firing an extensive dense forest h 5 likely to serve asa refuge for Armenians if pursued by Turkish troops. ———or— Mrs. Paran Stevens’ Diamonds Lost. Reports come from Newport of an extensive diamond robbery from the villa of Mra, Paran Stevens. Saturday last Mrs. Stevens missed from her jewel case a pair of diamond brace- lets valued by her at €16,000. There had been : 205 p.m. and * 235 p. ‘Through trains from the south via Charlotte, Dan- villeand Lyuchvury arrive in Washington 6-33 am, and 7:10p.tu.; via East Lennessee, Bristol and Lynch- burg at 2:30 p m. and 9:50 p.m. ‘Olio route and Chariottesville at 2:48 pan. and 7: Pan. aud 6:53am. Strasburg local at 10:47 a.m. ‘Tickets, sleeping car furnished aud vmecace sy lvania ave. and at railrond, 6th’ rte Teeet vation checked at office, 1300 a ‘statiun, Pennsylvania Bats. my 10 JAS. L TAYLOR, Gen. Pass Agent. oe FAMILY SUPPLIES EST CREAMEY BUTTER 20¢. PER : lots ‘Good Cigars... ; 2 lbs. Best Cheese, Zoe. Quart. le beet Catuwbn, Wine, 2c. Tae Bottie Whisky, 25e. ; Bir but. Claret, 26c.; Pure Black= Wine for medicinal use. Sh eS ARES, 1245 7th st.nw. UTZ BROS? CELEBRATED PICKLES AND TA- ble Sauce of all kinds can be bad in bottles, +4 by appiyinx to ther sole agents, A. DEPUE. BUN, ~ my i7-dua \. BIDS to BLU dhe Coomme Bx Gus. A full tne ot GAS COOKING STOVES (Gb baud and for sme be