Evening Star Newspaper, June 14, 1890, Page 13

THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D.C. SATURDAY, JUNE 14, 1890-SIXTEEN PAGES. QUEER FREAKS OF NATURE. Some Things Every One Has Taken Notice of About Himself. WHY ICE OREAM MAKES YOUR TEMPLE ACHE— CRAMPS AND STITCHFS—STRANGE PHENOMENA OF THE FIVE SENSES—HEARTS BEATING AND FLESH QUIVERING AFTIR DEATH. HY IS IT that apon taking an impradently large mouthful of ice cream one is apt to feel a sensation of violent pain in the temple? Such little physical phenomena as this are experienced by every one and seem very puzzling, but how many persons ever fhiuk of inquiring as to what they signify? As for the ice cream, when such a big mouth- ful of it is incautiously swallowed it produces 8 chilling effect upon the nerves of the larynx, or “voice box,” and of the pharynx, in the throat, The sensation shoots back to the cen- ter of those nerves in the brain; but there it finds a side connection with the great facial nerve that starts from in front of the ear and extends its branches over the side of the face. Que branch of this facial nerve, extending across the temple, is a nerve of sensation, while the other branches are nerves of motion, governing chiefly the play of the mouth. The pain from the chill is side-tracked along the nerve branch that traverses the temple and the feeling is likely to be quite agonizing in that locality for a moment or so, very likety involving the eyeball sympathetically. This feeling of a sensation in one nerve when an- other nerve is attacked is what is called “reflex action.” CRAMP IN THE LxG. Doubtless you have on occasions waked up in the night with fearful pain in the calf of your leg and found the muscles drawn up in a knot. This “cramp,” as it is calied, is simply a coutraction of the muscles cansed by cold or Irritation of any sort, however, may current, for in- stance, which will render the subject ¢xperi- mented upon incapable of extending the limb affected. A“‘stitch in the side” is the seme sort of a cramp cking othey muscler: a “erick in the nec @ contraction of the muscles of the neck owing to cold. A slight wrench of the neck will oft-times | produce a most agonizing sensation of burning, One or more of the many ligaments that fasten | the head securely in position having been strained for a moment. Every one has felt the pain in the side that comes from running for a distance; it is simply a spasm of the muscles of the diaphragm, from violent and unaccustomed exercise. SPECKS BEFORE THE VISION. People are often unnecessarily alarmed by specks floating before their vision, imagining that blindness threatens. In most cases these are caused by nothing worse than a little in-| digestion or cold. A slight enlargement of blood vessels in the cornea that covers the front of the eye like watch glass or in the mucous membrane stretched over the cornea will pro- duce the symptom. But specks seen in this way may sometimes be particles of blood or ef other foreign substances floating in the liquid of the eve—in which case disease may be indicated. When the specks are very mov- able it is presumably a trifling congestion of the superficial membrane. Whisky in mild ex- cess is likely to serve as occasion for the phe- nomenon. ae Why is the roof of your mouth so sensitive that a few rubs with your tongue will render it unpleasantly sore? Simply for the reason that beneath the Mucous membrane covering that part are ever so many acute nervous ill, only covered by a coating of epithelial cells.’ Arub or two with your tongue will scrape off these pro- tecting cells and leave the sensitive nerve extremities bare. Wunder such conditions they « re sore to the tonch. It is at the extremity of the tongue that sueh nervous papillw are most highly developed. They perform the function of the sense called “taste,” and for its pur- pose they are distributed all over the inside of the mouth, palate and upper throat. Different viands produce upon these papilla varied ef- fects of sensation and by comparison of such effects the agreeableness of dishes served is estimated. FEELING AND SMELLING. ‘The particularly high development of such Rervous papilla at the ends of the fingera— the result of education of those parts through countless generations—makes what is termed | the acute sense of touch in the extremities spoken of. Contact with an object communi- cates an impression regarding that object to the brain, aud thus it is we feel. As for smell, it is the most acute by far of the five human senses. Ages ago it was vastly more keen in man than is now the case; but it has lost by disuse. Take an cunce of musk— most powerful of scents—and leave it where the atmosphere is still, open on a table, for a year. At the end of that tine, having for a full twelvemonth rendered odorous the whole air in its neighborhood, the most delicate scales cannot detect that it has lost a particle in weight. Yet the smell has been infinitely dis- tributed, microscopic portions of tne musk floating off and exciting im nerve papill under the de ng of the nasal passages; for this is whatsmelling means, ‘The sense has grown almost rudimentary in human beings, through want of necessity for its use under civilized conditions; but it is highly probable that the cave men had it quite as well developed as the sharpest-nosed beasts, ‘Two hundred thousands years ago the condi- tions of life were different. HOW ONE HEARS. Strangers visiting Washington have been heard to remark that it seemed to them more deaf people were to be found here than they had ever met in any other city. It is astonish- ing how few persons actually of defective hearing have any notion of the structure of the ear. The membrane stretched across the in- terior passage and called the “drum” merely serves to catch and transmit the vibrations, like the diaphram ina telephone. In contact with this drum is the extremity of a little bone, which little bone is connected with a second little bone, while the second bone is hitched on to a third little boue, ail working together like | levers, in order to increase the power of the Vibrations acting upon the drum. The inner end of the third little bone comes into contact with a second drum, which is the wall of a receptacle filled with liquid. A sound from without causes a vibration of the drum; the vibration 18 communicated through the three little bones and causes a series of pressures upon the wail of the liquid-filled receptacle: filaments of the auditory nerve floating in the liquid are agitated by the vibration thus com- municated; the auditory nerve conveys the im- ession to the brain, and thus it is we hear. To our notion all creation is filled with sounds, whereas in reality what we conceive to be jounds are but vibrations of the air and pre- sumably the universe is in fact one illimitable silence. WHAT IS MEANT BY SIOMT I8 THIS: Rays of light reflected from an object enter the round hole in the iris of the eye, called the pupil, and strike the nerve screen that lines the eyeball, called the “retina.” The rays carry with them @ picture of the object they come from, and this picture is photographed upon the retina bythe action of the “ocular pur- ple"—a chemical resembling in its manner of working the preparation used for a similar pur- pone by the professional photographer. At the ack of the eye the optic nerve enters, spread- ing out into the retina, which forms the screen for the reception of the photog raph, and by the optic nerve the impression of the picture is conveyed tothe brain and the object is “seen.” | Asan illustration of nervous action it is in- teresting to observe the fact that one has only to fix his attention upon any part of his anat- omy for brief space in order to make that portion very painful. Concentrate your mind upon your little toe for two minutes, and at the end of that time it will have becun to be almost agonizing. The mind, direczed toward the part, irritates the nerve communicating with the part, and the result is discomfort. MOTOR GANGLIA. Tear out the heart of a human being quickly and it will continue to beat for some seconds aiter it has been parted from the body. A frog's heart will pulsate for twenty-four hours after it has been taken from the batrachian. rant persons suppose this to mean that the heart is still alive. and their notion is very nat- ural. But the fact is merely that there are in the frog’s heart certain groups of movemen! nerves, called ‘motor ry which keep on agitating the organ until they are starved out by want of nutrition, though no actual life is | present. There are motor ganglia in the human t also. but they are not so strong in their action. When the flesh of a turtle is cut up im ieces for astew the scraps coutinue to quiver or many hours. The popular notion is that the turtie is so tenacious of existence that it ing, though chopped up. In reality the fragments of the motor nerves in the flesh, leg, say, irritates a nerve that communicates] FORGERS BEATING UNCLE SAM. with # nerve center in the brain. The nerve center responds with a message to the part that causes a sudden contraction of the muscles though life be some time extinct. Here is an- other example of “reflex aetion.” The causes and philosophy of sea sickness has always been a great puzzle: but the most generally received theory at present is that the trouble is due to inequality of pressure in the blood vessels. In a craft tossing on the waves the blood is made to flow first this wav and then that, naturally producing disturbance. As for remedies nothing has been discovered that is more effective than the traditional piece of salt pork on the end of a string, — DISHONESTY PAINED HIM. His Confidence in Humaa Nature Shaken by an Iinmigrant. From the New York Tribune. “Everything’s dead wrong in this world,” said # shabby man whe was sitting on a park bench the other day to his companion, “and I ain't got no confidence in human nature left. Everybody is skinnin’ everybody else, it seems to me, and genovine old-fashioned honesty’s all gone to the dogs, This country is so wicked that even the ignorant immigrant sucks in dis- honesty with his first whiff of Battery air. “I was a-walking down there only this morn- ing, wher an innocent looking Pole comes up to me and begins to jabber at me in the worst attempt at English you ever heard. “ ‘What do you * says I, taking pity on im, for he looked so confused and lost-like, Wanta finda inspector man,’ says he, What for? says I. ive heem thisa,’ says he, pulling a fat en- velope halt-way out of the inside pocket of his Waistcoat and ramming it back again in a jiffy. *+What's his name? says I. “-Forgetta,’ says the poor devil with a most look, ‘De boss will sack me,’ and he began to cry. | “Well, I learned from hia actions and his hor- rible words, after a good deal of trouble. that to the Battery to deliver a letter to a customs | inspector, whose name he, the poor Pole, had forgotten, +"‘Let me see the package, says I; ‘can’t you read the address?” ‘No reada,” he says, dolefully, as he pulled open his waistcoat just far enough for me tosee the top of the letter. “Well, I can’t heip you,’ says I, ‘unless you let me see the address. “He was afraid to | a minute, but finally I | tell at a touch tat | Besides that it was ma up in one corner, cents.” «Why, it’s addressed to me,’ says I, sur- prised like. ‘I've been looking for this all the morning. It's mighty Iucky you found me. You must be more careful to remember names that are told vou after this till you have learned to read the English. I've a good mind to tell your boas of your carelessness,” “The poor creature fairly squirmed with fear when I said that and begged me not to report im “Well, TH not do it this time,’ says I, sly, ‘but don’t do it again. Here's your Now get back as quick as you can and say to your boss that I said it would be all right.” “As soon as he was gone I opened the en- velope, and. would you believe it, there was nothin’ inside but paper. “How kin man retain any confidence human natur’ under such discourageme: Me!—Bunco Pete!—skinned by a gueasy er grant just landed! The perfesh wants prote tion just as as any other trade from European pauper competition.” — = see A Novel tem of Railroad Fares. From the Cape Cod Item, Suppose you could go from Provincetown to San Francisco by rail for $10, to Chicago for #10, to Omaha for $10? A letter costs no more whether it is bound for one place or the other, What it may lose on the long haul it makes up on the short. Why cannot transportation com- panies do the same? Why not buy railway tickets as you do postage stamps? Does all this seem absurd? Yet a European country has adopted a similar plan, and it is spreading throughout continental Europe. ‘The change to which I refer is a novel system of railway charges which has been in operation in Hangary for a little more than six months, The experiment, though radical, has apparently been successful. Passenger rates ona majority of the Hungarian roads are no longer based | { it ont of his hands for got hold of it, and could Ead_a roll of bills in it. in small characters ; PAY messenger 50 traftie will bear, or even upon the mileage. The rates are regulated according to the “zone sys- tem.” This system has been advocated by econ- omists in Austria and Germany for some years, but none of the railroad companies was in- clined to take it up. The state railroads of Hungary, however, bad been doing badly under the old sysiem—the earnings fell from $1,300 a mile in 1887 to $1,000 in 1558, and the govern- ment felt that matters could not be worse than they were. ‘The zone system of charges is based upon the theory that there are two classes of passenger trafic which can be increased in volume—the passengers traveling « very short distance and those going a very long distance. The former are generally provided for on railroads by com- mutation rates; the latter have not received at- ; teation heretofore. A further point advanced by the advocates of the zone system is that where the cars are not occupied to their full capacity an increase of traitic necessitates only an infinitesimal increase of expenses, The ad- vocates of the system, therefore, propose three zones—a short one, 4 long one and a medium one. The Huaogarian railroads extended the idea somewhat by issuing two classes of tickets, those for zones and those for short distances, In the latter class were two tickets, one carry- ing the holder to the next station, and sold for 5 cents, cents and 16 cents for third, second and first class, and ther carrying the holder to the second station for 7'¢, ll and 20 cents for the three classes, respectively. These tickets are good between any two contiguous stations without regard to the actual distance, and are sold im bulk at 5 j and 10 per cen. discount. The zoues are four- } teen in number, the circles being drawn about ten miles apart. The fourteenth zone includes all distances of 140 miles and over. The rate for the first zone 18 very low—less than seven- tenths of a cent # mile for the lowest class and one and six-tenths cents for first-class express —and increases more than in proportion to the tance through the different zones until the rate at the fourteenth ranges from 1 cent to 214 cents per mile forthe 140 miles, Beyond this the rate again decreases, owing to the fact that any additional distance is not charged for. Thus a trip of several huudred miles may be made for the same price as one of 140, This innovation » ‘ut into effect August 1 of last year and was intr “(te on the state lines about one-half vuileage of the country. ‘Iwo pri companies have since adopted the gon. wm. During the first month of the new tar { the uumber of pas- sengers carried on thi state lines was increased | half a million and the passenger receipts were increased about $100,000, At the present writi: ~ the report of the Austro-Hungarian minster of commerce is just | to hand. From this repor: it appears that ‘the | passenger receipts of the Hungarian railways for 1889 were 52,153,105 florins, an increase of uearly a million of florins over those of 1888, | this in the face of a reduction of rates equal to more than 60 percent. The new system was | in effect durmmg only five months of 1839, This | extraordinary reduction and extraordinary in- | crease have excited the amazement of the rail- | way world. Several foreign railways have sent | representatives to Hungary to examine into the results of the change and report on them, Sanat ! Dogs Trained as Scouts. | The London Standard a few weeks ago pub- | lished a curious account of the experiments | which are being made im the French army for training dogs to act as scouts, messengers and | sentinels. When adog is on messenger duty | two men are detached from an outpostand walk about a mile, their companion being led by his }ecollar. One of the men then returns to the | starting point, and the enever he is let loose, runs back to training necessary for the scouts orate, as they have to be taught to search = and thickets, in which reg Lact ra in foreign uniformg are bo | am! As soon as the animals fin bog her er d at is their business to run back to thei friends, and so to reper what they | have seen. It is further hoped that the dogs | will prove unition and aie ie oaap arenne re- | especially as all the curs of the neighbor! | turn out to watch their fellows at in this new dev. it To make them useful the dogs have to | Rte nue they ate not unlikely Wo attack tas are | Wousdea" main in circulation for some time before reach- ing a bank, and departs long before the police | agents have a chance to arrive upon the scen upon the cost of service, or upon what the | Some of Them Are Almost Too Sharp for the United States Government. UNITED STATES NOTES DONE IN PEN AND INK—A NEW $1,000 BILL—THx FAMOUS BOND FORGERY ¥ IT WOULD NOT PAY TO ROB THE UNITED TREASURY. HE most remarkable counterfeiter at present living, so a Stam reporter was informed, nas been keeping the United States secret service in such a condition of exasperation for a long time past that no trouble or expense would be considered excessive for the accom- plishment of his capture. And this although he produces on an average not more than two bogus notes ina year. The remarkable thing about these imitations is that they are exe- cuted entirely with a pen. Once in six months, almost as regularly as clockwork, one of them tarns up at the Treasury here, to the disgust of the government detectives, whose utmost efforts cannot discover so much as aclue to follow. The strangest point about the matter is that the work of producing the bills in this fashion, mereiy considered as a question of labor, remunerative or otherwise, catinot possi- bly pay. They are always either fifties or twenties, and ‘to make one must require pretty constant toil for quite half a year, The last one, which was received only a few days ago, was a double X. A NOMADIC FORGER. Funnily enough, they come each time from a different city, and the supposition is that the forger leaves town for another locality im- mediately upon passing one. He gets rid of the note he has just completed, which may re- The most plausible theory seems to be that he is monomaniac of means, who gratifies a morbid taste in this astonishing way, iis imi- tation bills are so perfectly done that no one short of a professional expert would hesitate to take them for good money. From the vignettes to the signatures the work is per- formed with an accuracy that bears scrutiny with a powerful magnifying glass. In ail likelihood the reason why the notes are not made of larger denominations is that they would be proportionately more Cifficult to pass, One can imagine that this eccentric counter- feiter induiges in the employment simply for atification of his vanity. It is not im- probable that be himself has been shown the frame at the Treasury building in which two specimens of his handiwork are shown by polite attendants to visitors as the most extraordinary samples of forgeries in the government collec- tion, Anyway he goes on turning out the bills at regular intervals of six months, thus occa- sioning periodical spasms of exasperation in the secret service bureau, A cou FEIT FOR A THOUSAND. The secret service is also considerably an- noyed just at present regarding a new counter- feit thousand-dollar bill, which is so admirably executed that half a dozen specimens have ac- tually been passed on one bank. It turned up for the first time only the other day in Boston, where @ woman went inte a big shop qd pur- chased a valuable shawl, tendering in payment a United States Treasury note for $1,000. The clerk took the bill and kept the customer wait- ing several miuutes for her change. When he returned with it she expressed her anger and demanded to know what the matter had been, | The clerk owned that he had stepped over to a bank near by to have the bill tested, whereat the woman declared that she would not take the shaw! and flounced out. Subsequently she came back, said she had thought better of it, took the shawl, paid for it with a thousand- dollar note and went away with her purchase and her change. A CLEVER PERFORMANCE. All this was a very clever performance, for, a8 a matter of fact, the first bill offered was a perfectly good one, while the note actually given in payment on the second occasion was not the same at all, as the clerk was intended to suppose, but a forged imitation of like issue, Not only is an unknown number of these dan- gerous counterfeits now in circulation, but the plates are in existence somewhere, all ready to | strike off millions in currency of large denomi- nation. The secret service is only acquainted with one fact about the matter, and that is that the plates were executed by that most remark- able of forgers, Charles H. Smith, THE CELEBRATED BOND FORGERY, This is the man who was the author of the celebrated United States bond forgery ten years ago, He was at that time employed as an engraver fora New York bank, which had contracted to furnish the Treasury with the design and plate for certain new bonds to be issued by the government of $1,000 each. Smith worked on the bond plate at the bank in the daytime and each night he duplicated his day’s task ona plate of his own at home, so that the real plate and the imitation grew to- gether, and, when finished, were precisely alike, The government receiyed the real plate and issued bonds printed from it. Smith rinted from his duplicate plate 208 of the ogus bonds, just like the real and represent- ing #20,000. These he handed over to the well-known forger Doyle, who was to act as confederate, and Doyle started with them in his valise for Chicago. Now itso happened that the secret service detectives had an eye on Doyle at the time, suspecting him of being concerned in the forgery of a very artistic $100 note that had appeared six months before, in 1879. When he left New York for Chicago they supposed that he was going west to negotiate some of the new bills, and two officers accompanied him on the train without his knowleage. At Chicago they arrested him and, upon searching his valise, fourrd to their astonishment $203.00 in United States bonds. Their discovery in Doyle's possession pointed to the conclusion that they were counterfeit; but the banks to which they were shown declared them good and were even anxious to buy them, Subsequently Smith and the cele- brated connterfeiter Brockway, who was also in the gang, were captured. ‘They con- fessed and gave up the plate of the bond, which was buried on Long Island, in return for a full pardon; Doyle got twelve years in prison, Sinith is known to be responsible also fora new #500 note, the perfect execution of which has been obtaining for it some circulation recently; but the apd have not been captured. It is always the chief object of the government in such cases to get hold of the plates, that bein: the only way to stop the uttering of the forged currency. The difficulty of accomplishing this is apt to be very great, HOW COUNTERFEITERS WORK. As an almost invariable rule the forger does not attempt to negotiate his own counterfeits; usually those who “shove” the stuff, as the techuical phrase is, are not even acquainted with the counterfeiter himself. They are merely on terms of confidence with the go-be- tween, It may be that this go-between is the keeper of an out-of-the-way hotel. This man has a quantity of forged money in iis posses- sion, Noone knows where he got it, and it is likely that he keeps it buried in some spot with which he alone is acquainted. Certain persons in whom le has confidence are supplied by him with bogus currency at the rate of about sixty cents on the dollar. If one of these pertons is caught disposing of it, he may per- aps confess where he obtained the false money; but the detectives will not find any evidences on the premises of the hotel keeper to convict him. He will simply deny the charge point blank and it is very sure no counterfeit cash will be discovered in his possession. Cer- tainly the discovery of the plates or dies will be as far off as ever. Even if the hotel keeper | Should reveal th® identity of the money maker, convicting evidence will be har. and — the and plates, buried under ground, will remain un- discovered very likely. Nevertheless, it would not sppoar that the counterfeiting busi- mee ina while aforger makesa good strike without being detected or pun- ished and retires toa life of teay on- esty; when his money is gone he re! ‘to the business and its dangers. The highly skilled counterfeiters of the world a'ways best part of their lives in 'd to get, being ‘TO ROB THE UNITED STATES TREASURY, While counterfeiting certainly does not pay, itis very doubtful whether it would prove remunerative to rob the United States Treas- of actual money, su such a thing practicable. Buch thefe as fare been at. [eapted from tho tasiée have not tarned out of all The woman in the redemption genius youth who carried off a of $40,000 ult, so that he was caught before he to get away very far. The question of getting into the Treasury build- ine from outside for the purpose of theft is, of course, ® very different one. According to the stavement of @ high Treasury official, made to a Stan reporter the other day, a vast sum might be stolen by such a robber. IN JUST ONE WAY, Is would merely be necessary for him to suborn the guardof the vault for the first step. Of course he would not choose the silver vault; that metal is too heavy to be worth stealing. He would hardly select the gold vault—for hi object would be rg 3 strike, and less than cool million would hardly satisfy him. But 21,000,000 in gold weighs a little over two tons and he would find dificulty in getting away with a load like that, even if be had a wagon outside on 15th street. Bank notes. are much more easy to handle; therefore he would make the vauit containing them his objective point, This vault is ou the first floor, mach more con- venient than the gold and silver in the oellar anyway. Overhead is the reserve vault, con- taining $150,000,000, in greenbacks mostly; but itmay be assumed that the thief would not want to be a hog, and that he would con- tent himself with leave to grab in the first- story Treasury chamber, which always has at least $25,000.60 1m it. faving bribed the guard preliminarily he would hide himself during the day in the building somewhere, which would not be ditti- cult, It ig never known in advance what guard will be on duty ata given time, but the thief would have to wait patiently—may be he might have to hide for two or three nights be- fore things were propitious—and the guard could notify him when all was well. The guard has the key of the outer vault door at disposal, and that door he would open, thus giving the robber a chance to tackle the inner door, A skillful cracksiman could open thjs latter in a short time, and — th the millions have only to be picked off the shelves around the inside vault. He has his choice among the packages, which are plainiy marked with big red letters showing the sums they contain, In each pack- age are 4,000 notes. If the notes are #10 ones, the parcel, about a foot square, contains $40,000; if twenties, $80,000; if Afties, $200,000; if hundreds, 400.000, A few of these last he probabiy selects —$10,000,000, perhaps, makes a sufficient armfui—and with this haul he toddles away content. There are single bundles con- taining $40,000,000 in $10,000 gold certificates in the vault upstairs, bat he would not care about those, because they would be dificult. to get rid of. Just such a robbery of the Treasury as this might unquestionably be accomplished at any time; but the point is, would it be profitable to the thief? No sooner would this greatest burglary of history reported than pretty nearly every person in the civilized worid would be looking out for hundred-dollar United States notes of the numbers adverused as stolen. The robber, supposing that he got away without leaving a clue, could not saiely dispose of a dollar of his ill-got millions. If he deposited any of the cash in banks the bills would be immediately identified; in case he paid them to individuals he would be quickly be- trayed. His money is useless _to him. Too bad that he did not take gold in- stead. But after all, would that be any better? If he had got away with a few sacks of yellow pieces there would be nosafety in distributing them. Very little gold, comparatively, is in circulation, and any one who spent much of it would be suspected when the Treasury had been robbed. It might be melted up to destro its identity altogether; but how sell the bul- lion? ‘To try to dispose of it to the mints or buyers of old gold in any quantities would ex- cite attention, If it were attempted to take it abroad in boxes its weight would occasion re- marks, perhaps. After all, it would seem bet- ter notto try to rob the Treasury of Uncle Sam; there is not money enough in the enter- prise. FLASH MONEY. The business of making so-called “flash” money, which used to largely prevail, has been almost put a stop to by the secret service, This term applies to all imitatio currency which are produced for advertising purposes. A few years ago business colleges all over the country were accustomed to issue for themseives notes of various denominations resembling more or less closely United States bills, bank notes or greenbacks, which they used for convenience in make-believe commer- cial transactions for the education of their pupils. This hasbeen done away with be- cause such play-currency was always apt to be d off for real upon ignorant peopie. same reason is accountable for law which declares that imitation the money shall not be made for any purpose, The other day in Chicago a five-dollar note was passed upon a Chinaman which was in reality only the advertisement of a cheap eating house, with one-third of it engraved in imitation of a bank bill. On the remaining two-thirds was printed the bill of fare, including “Steak, 10 cents; chops, 10 cents; ham and eggs, 10 cents; pie,5 cents, and coffee, 5 cents.” Some little time since the ‘Treasury received a one-hundred dollar note which had been so long in circula- tion in the south that it was nearly worn out. ‘The face of it was a good enough imitation of a real hundred-doliar bill to deceive any one al. most, while the back contained within the usua! blank spaces advertisements of an “Egyptian hair tonic.” There is really a great deal of such flash currenc; culating in the south, where the negroes readily accept anything that looks like a bank note for money. It is in that section that most of the poor counterfeits of silver coins are passed around. A very curious sort of counterfeit not at all criminally intended came over to this country from Germany the other day. It was an excei- lent imitation of our silver dollar in some white metal, but contained within it three small knife blades and a button hook, which could be (one out and used when desired, Alto- gether it was a very novel and cunning little contrivance, but the secret service ruthlessly siezed the entire importation of these curiosi- ties, some thousands of them in all. Acom- promise was fiually effected, however, the gov- ernment retaining the silver-dollar cases and — the importer to retain the knife lades and button hooks. In the secret service collection of specimen flash notes the most re- markable, perhaps, is a $5 bull, which pre- cisely resembles a real one, save for the fact that instead of the ordinary signatures the shop keeper who issued the note has put on his own name, and on the back are a few inconspicuous words of advertisement. The average person would accept this imitation for $5, 8o admirably is itdone. There is inthe same scrap book with this a gold certificate for $10 printed in a news- paper; also a base ball bank note with Mr. Spalding’s vignette on the front and portraits of the full Chicago team on the back; a speci- men of clothing-store currency advertising a discount of 5 per cent to bearer; a promise to pay issued by an attorney ney, Neb., with his name and business printed across it in large letters; a restaurant commu- tation ticket of like design, and many counter- feit confederate notes. There ignolawagainst counterfeiting confederate notes, unfortu- uately, because theyare not infrequentlysprang upon the ignorant for United States money. The secret service does not like the bus- iness of making lockets and such thin; ver dollars, but the law does not dec! posi- tively against it, and it seems to be legal now for anybody who has a silver dollar to do any- thing with it he likes. But heaps of imitation silver dollars for paper weights and for tops of confectionery boxes, to make them look as if they were overflowing with money, are not al- lowed; nor will the authorities permit paint- ings representing bank notes or drawings of the same. The collection of such curiosities at the Treasury is astonishipg. There was a great quantity of toy pasteboard money at one time issued, and the secret service was obliged to devote an immense amount of effort to the task of —_ itallin for burning. Some of it had got into circulation in the south, and it was considerably used for depositing in street-car boxes, ———_.e0_____ Met First at Their Wedding. From the Minneapolis Tribune. 8. 8. Latta of Verons, N.D., and Miss Minnie of sil- bride was well and prepossessing in appearance and explained that women were home that she i pHi i i HI ft if i i of United States | NEWS FROM EUROPE. Interesting Notes From London, Berlin and Paris. THE SEASON IN LONDON—HENRY IRVING'S HOs- PITALITY—MINISTER PHELPS AT HOME—ZOLA's FIGHT FOR IMMORTALITY—HOW HE WORKS—a BEAUTIFUL HOME. Copyright, 1890.) Special Correspondence of Tum Evexrvo Stan. Loxpox, June 4 ONDON is in its pleasantest mood now; the parks green with verdure and the’ Ike and drives filled with peo} ‘igh and low, rich nd poor,” all have free access to these beautiful bits of nature which dot the metropolis here and there like so many oases amidst the wilderness of brick and stone. Summer is with us and Dame Season has begun her fashionable reign. Her devotees have returned from their winter hiding places in the country; houses have been renovated and freshly painted, servants engaged, invitations to dinners, receptions, balls and the like is- sued, and now for three months for the merry season! Cabs and carriages dart daily and nightly | about the city, carrying occupants in b illiant dresses and gay uniforms, and everything is | radiant with life, light and color. July usu- ally ends the London season, but this year the | return of the Duke and Duchess of Connaught will prolong its duration somewhat. Most of the very swell affairs have been postponed in order tp secure the attendance of thrit royal highnesses, The queen will hold a state ball anda garden party at Buckingham palace in honor of their return and they will be quite the rage after having made a girdle of royal visits around the globe. It isa singular fact that royal ‘visits, though they may extend themselves to every other part of the worid where there are British possessions, never by any chance include Australia, Albert Victor Visited India last winter, the Duke and Duch- | essof Connaught have nearly finished their ! long Zglove-trotting journey, but if Australia were Ireland she could not be more distinctly shunned. Ireiand, of course, is entirely out of the question. It was only the other day that | the Prince of Wales’ secretary found it neces- | sary-to disclaim in most emphetic terms any | intention on his royal highness’ part | of paying even a private visit to that royalty forsaken country. But with Australia the case is serious, The millions of straight- forward English colonists take it sadly amiss that their mother country gives no further at- tention to her Australian colonies than to foist | off on them antiquated and useless specimens | of the genus homo, whose greatest functions , appear to be to ubsorb large & 8 and play | at being kings and queens in their vice regal | courts, It is indeed a serious question, and it | is a wonder that British ministers, who seem so | widely awake to conquests in Africa and to satisfying the demands of the queen's Indian | subjects and the retention of their loyalty, | should pay so little respect or attention to the | needs and desires of the colonists below the | equator. However, there will be a sad awak- ee day, perhaps not far off, when it will be found that Australia has progressed too | far tor England to render her any assistance. | BARONESS BURDETY COUTTS AND STANLEY, Baroness Burdett Coutts’ house in a fashion- able part of Piccadilly opposite the Green Park has long been @ rendezvous for young people, but no one suspected the somewhat ancient baroness of being so ardent a match maker as recent events have proved her to be. Every one knew of course that she has long been the sincere friend and adviser of Stanley. and that | he passed agood deal of his spare time at her | house during his last residence in London, | That a love match was brewing behind th decorous swell front of the good lady's house was too remote for conjecture. Yet this is what was going on. The baroness has been a sort of mutual friend of the lovers. While she has been Stanley’s good mentor she has also proved of great service to Miss Dorothy Ten- nant, assisting in her art, acting as both patron and friend—a sort of inspiring divinity. The baroness is rather tall, somewhat angular, and has very ordinary features, though not abso- lutely homely. “ But her name is connected inlaid with ivory in the drawing room and sarong ggg er ol very nook and corner, ere is a might be depended upon to make for himeelf. It is a home where there is rest and peace. There is a delightful garden patch around it, an abundance of trees and in the stable and barn yard there are fine horses, dogs, chickens and swine. Itisas fine a country spotas one could find in # day's walk. ZOLA AND DAUDET. Zola has a great many friends, but none whom he loves more dearly or admires more sincerely than Daudet, the French Dickens, who often goes tosee him, and there in the twilight these two great men sit and smoke and talk and sip liqueur, for the afternoon is sacred to both. heir work is done m the morning. Zola is up at 7 o'clock, and after # bath and a cup of black coffee he sits down perseveringly to his task. He writeson and on until noon, when he puts his workshop out of his mind, arrays himself in comfortable babiliments and sits down to breakfast. Then be lies down fo short sleep, After an hour of repose he is up and about and ail his friends are made weicome, but if the day be fine the novelist takes a walk over his grounds, makes 8 ions to this or that employe and then troils about for a couple of hours for exercise, usually with Deudet. Sometimes he goes to Paris, but not often. He prefers the quiet and repose of his rustic home. Dinner is served about 6:30 o'clock and is the important meal of the day, Then the news- papers and magazines and reviews are brought out, and for a couple of hours or untii bed time the novelist reads, thinks aud studies and dozes. He goes to bed early and the next day is up and ready for his task of writing. He never misses his morning's work, nor docs he allot any par- ticular amount of writing for his task; but rather keeps at it as briskly as possible until his breakfast hour. In addition to writing novels Zola is a clever business man and has ATTRACTIVE DOMES. Some Artistic Meas for the Summer Season. & RACQUET HOLDRB THAT IS USEFUL AND ORNA- MENTAL—SOME DECORATIVE DESIONS FOR THE TABLE DURING THE MEATED TERM—PRETTE ‘NOVELTIES. Written for Tax Evermve Stam OW is the season for outdoor sports, ‘and now is the fashion also. Each «game has its devoted followers, and most of them havea feminine as well & masculine following. Tennis, Perhaps, absorbs more interest among young People than any other one game, and is both sraceful and healthful. As one writer puts it in advising girls to take it up: “Do it because it is good for your muscles and not because it isa fashionable fad. If you can't havea ten- dollar racquet play with a cheaper one, and get all the fun and exercise it can give.” It is this matter of racquets that I want to dwell upon a little, With several young folke in the house, and ail devoted to tennis, the racquets become quite embarrassing as to num- bers, They are awkward things to find a place for, and they are expousive things that should be well taken care of. band of tennis players has invented an excel- lent holder for the racquets, which may be sug- gestive for others as well. The mother of a email A RACQUET HOLDER, A board, say three feet long by ten inches wide, is the foundation, the size being regu- lated by the number of racquets to be acoom- modated. These proportions are good and the size can very easily be varied. The board is covered smoothly with coarse linen, crash or burlap. If there is an artist in the family design painted in the broad paints thinned with turpenti dyes, will be found most decorative. Along the middle of the board a strip of velvet, ribbon or burlap touched up with the paint is arranged, This strip is lined with burlap or canvas to give it firmness and then tacked at intervals to the board. Enough fullness is left between the tacks to make a socket, as it were, through which the handle of the racquet slips, leaving the broad part to up above, as the board hangs onthe wall. An ornamental nail is used to fasten the strip to the board; in the original it is in the shape of a daisy of silver with gilt conter. These ar set about two and a half inches apart, with per- haps four inches of the strip left between, thus forming a set of loops along the board. Screw eyes like those used for picture hanging make a firm fastening for the board, hung to nails or hooks in the wall, and placed in the hall or vestibule will be found a great convenience for THE NOVELIST'S EARNINGS, “Nana” is the most successful of allhis books, Over 250,000 copies of it have been issued in France alone. “La Terre” has a record of about 90,000 copies. His publishers estimate that over 2,000,000 copies of his works have been published in France, The author re- ceives $5,000 for every novel published in feuilleton form, besides the royalty of the book when bound. So it will be seen that the ex- tent of his ggins from literature is very great, But then he is the personification of liberality and does not seem to be laying up much for a rainy day. He lives like a prince, in strange contrast to the days when he began “The Mysteries of Marseilles” for Publisher Hachette, If he follows out his present intention he will devote the future to stage writing. He has a desire to couquer the stage. He 1s no believer in the present method of stage writing. He talks of radical reforms and mnovations, and will set himself diligently about beginning them. He has a sincere belief in his own ty to make a great play, and he is going to e hard for houor in that direction in the future. Louis H. Moore. see THEY LIVE APART. The Amish and Other Queer People in Lancaster County, Pa. Correspondence of THe EVENING Stan. Lanxcasren, Pa., June 8, A recent issue of Tue Star contained an in- teresting sketch of an address which was de- livered by George E. Curtis before the Anthro- pological Society of Washington, D.C., on the mish, The following additional information respecting this peculiar religious sect may not be void of interest; The Mennonites are followers of Menno Simon, a reformer of the sixteenth century, who was born at Friesland in 1495 and died at Fresenburg, near Oldeslohe, in 1561. Their history can be traced back to the Anabaptists, from whom they are descended. Religious persecution compelled them to flee from one with very many good works in London, and |°°¥ntry to another in Europe, and im 1683 thousands have occasion to rise up and call her blessed. It is said that she,claims the privi- lege of giving the couple thé wedding break- fast after the ceremony at Westminster Abbey, which is appointed for July 12. IRVING AS HOST. A little lower down Piccadilly from the | Baroness’ house, in a forlorn, dingy looking dwelling, Henry Irving has been playing mine host to Augustin Daly, who came over in ad- vance of his company. Neither Daly nor his company need any introduction to London. But Irving has considered it the proper thing to entertain the summer lessee of his theater at the house, in common with a number of London managers and players. Irving’s house is near the Royal Academy, and is one of those old houses of London whose exterior is as far as possible from being an indication of what le is like. Plain, modest, begrimed by moke, it looks utterly cheerless. But that its interior is entirely at variance with such a conception is sufficiently attested by the eagerness with which Irving’s guests aocept the proffer of its hospitality. A RENDEZVOUS FOR AMERICANS, Berlin is becoming more and more attrac- tive to Americans, who each year flock there in greater numbers, Formerly it was the proper thing to limit one’s continental journey to Paris, the Alps and a few Italian cities, and if William Penn induced a few of the Swiss Men- nonites to emigrate to America, they settling in the neighborhood now called Germantown, Pa, From 1698 to 1735 they came to Pennsyl- vania in great numbers. They were the first white settlers in Lancaster county, Pa., locat- ing here in 1709. Since settling in Lancaster county they have split into the following sects: Mennonites, Reformed Mennonites, Amish, River Brethren aud New Brethren in Christ. The Mennonites are commonly known in Pennsylvania as Mennis, and the Amish as Omish, which are the Pennsylvania German names for Mennonite and Amish. The Amish is one of the smallest divisions, it having only about 1,000 communicants in Lancaster county, where they are more numerous than in any other. The Mennonites, including the differ- ent branches, are more numerous in the United States than in all the rest of the world, and yet they have only about 100,000 communi- cunts in this country. They have about 250 churches in Pennsylvania, and are also found in many of the western states. The Mennonites are Baptiste, but they have no connection with the regular Baptists, DEVOTED TO AGRICULTURE. The Amish are agriculturists, their members rarely learning any other trade. They have three ordinances—baptism, the holy supper, or Lord’s supper, and the washing the saints’ feet, They frequently baptize converts in a one was desirous of putting foot into Germany @ sail down the Rhine sufficed. Now, however, few American tourists fail to extend their visit to Berlin. This isin no small degree duc to the homely and cordial manner in which any citizen from the great ee is received and made welcome at Berlin by United States Min- ister Phelps and his charming wife. The min- ister keeps open house in a manner not equaled by any other diplomat in the German capital and has a friendly greeting ready for all comers, In the arduous task of being pleasant to all the callers Mrs. Phelps is assisted by Miss Phelps, Mrs. and Miss Boardmann and Mrs, Wood. The house of the minister in Doro- thenstrasse is a veritable rendezvous for Amer- icans. Many English, too, are giad to accept its hospitality, as the stiff formality of the English legation has a more or less repelling tendency. ZOLA AND HIB MISSTON, A short, thick-set, broad-shouldered man, with astubby black beard, sharp eyes that look out from a pair of pebble glasses, shaggy eyebrows, his hair pushed back on his head, so that a fine broad forehead is seen, is swing- ing along down the Avenue de l'Opera. He seems to have come from the neighborhood of the Comedy Francaise. He is Pufiing slow! ata cigarette, and seems not at all hurrie It is Zola, the great realistic novelist. He is often seen in Paris these days, but his home is in the little village ot Medan, a picturesquely rural suburb of Paris, He comes to the great city at this time on the most important mis- sion of his life. He is a candidate before the French Academy to fill the vacancy in the Im- mortals, made vacant by the death of M. Emile Augier. He is not at disconcerted because he was not elected at the meeting of the acad- emy afew weeks ago. He knows what defeat means. The great French prince of fiction has been a candidate before. Thistime he is ined to succeed, if possible, but he is things his own way, and it is not at y that he will be chosen. There are nine or ten well-known men ip the*race with him, and at least a score more whe are not at known outside of Paris. is hopeful and extremely anxious. The opposition among literateurs that was so strong against him a tew years seems to be dying out. He has proven that he can write a the past year or two he amends for all the errors of his manhood, To a friend recently he said satisfied with his work in the world, novels, with his name, with earnings. He lacked his life comp! Immortal by the young e was with his his fortune and his one Hi “| i if d aH & 4 Gi f i E ite dnt iH ; i i H i creek or river even in mid-winter, the preacher pouring water on the individual. ‘They will not receive adherents of other faiths into their church and their members are not allowed to marry outside of their sect. As they speak the Pennsylvania German dialect and associate only with their own people, they have practi- cally isolated themselves from their American neighbors. ey have but two meeting houses in Lan- caster county, one in Caernarvon and the other in Salisbury township. They are opposed to building churches, worshiping in private dwel- ling houses, In dress they greatly resemble the members of the Society of Friends, While as a class they are quite wealthy, the average cost per annum for clothing for the adult does not exceed ten dollars. They will not hold politi- cal office, but they vote the republican ticket toaman and are great protectionisits. The Mennonites and Dunkers hold the balance of political power in this county, which explains why Lancaster gives such large republican ma- joritios, THEY ABHOR POOR SOIL. A peculiarity of the Menuonites is that they will not settle where there isa poor soil and that they as an almost invariable rule own the land which they till. The farm work is always done by the members of the family. Their farms in Lancaster county were pur- chased from William Penn at a uniform price of ten cents anacre, If they desired to dis- pose of their estate now they could obtain from $125 to $250 per acre. In Lancaster cou- tained 9,070 farms of an average size of 61 acres and valued at $69,004,919, the average value being $7,608, These Christians always fol. low mixed farming, not confining themselves to any one particular crop. During 1889 agricul- ture was much depressed in this county owing to western competition, unjust railroad discrim- ination and the lack of demand for tobacco ow- ing to foreign competition—from tobacco grown on the island of Sumatra We have also in Lancaster county the Ger- man Uaptistsor Brethren, commonly called Dunkers, who settled here in 1719—emigrating from Serutervein in Friesland. These Chris- in Pennsylvania, but throughout the west and in Maryland, Vi ra West ia, Texas and Arkansas. The - kers feet washing, hold love feasts, ba in creeks and rivers and the men lute each other with the “ tists fh her C shoot fromthe Dunkers, with whom they are ly keeping the racquets safely and out of the way also. auseful fan holder for open fans of all kinds, It is @ good pinzza accessory, or in a sitting room will be a welcome visitor. Asimilar affair on a smaller scale makes THE FASHIONS IN EMBROIDERY and amateur painting of a decorative nature vary as often as those in gowns and the num- berless little accessories thereof, weeks, or months at farthes different fancies art work. Now the Pompadour style of small flowers, scattered over the surface of linen and china alike, is the rage. tiny and the colors varied and delicate, both im paints and silks, to give the desired effect of combined gayety and daintiness, Every few , One Bees Guite revailing in all this so-called The blossoms must be For a luncheon for rummer a charming are rangement could be made in this style, even carrying it outin the natural flowers, If all the china were not in this pattern a number of odd pieces might be used and these give « great deal of character to the table from the prominence of the bonbon olive and other odd dishes, To emphasize them still further ih one could be set on a doily embroidered in « similar fashion. as also the center piece should be. The real flowers would be prettiest im small china baskets or low glass dishes and should represent iM nature as nearly as possi+ ble the flowers used in the other combinations, Forget-me-nots, rosebuds, yellow primroses and any fiue white flower would be enough of a variety to carry owt the idea and make a particularly pretty effect. As only small bouquets of these mixed fine flowers would be effective, the center ornamen® should be of something ‘else. Ferns or any deheate green would look well, or a flat dis! edged with leaves and filled with red and white cherries, just at this time, would be delight~ ful to look at. One course, if no more. would be very pretty served on white and gold, or even plain white china, to bring out all the color in the decorations. At each plate another fancy might be to have a small individual dish of any kind that would be of suitable size filled with handsome cher- ries on their stems, to be eaten at odd times between courses. Cherries are so delicious to eatas wellas pleasing to look at that som prominence should be given them at table whem they are in season. AMONG NOVELTIES. Among the ever-appearing novelties in table attractions are very small dishes, shallow and with irregular edges, which are intended to be placed ateach plate empty then when salted almonds are passed between courses when one is plateless a spoonful of the favorite little “relishes” may be dropped into these pretty little accel wos Bg These tiny dishes are mo: appropriately decorated in the way I have spoken of, and are something that will doubt- jess take with people fond of pretty trifles for table decoration and use. THE FURORE FOR WHITE FURNITURE seems to beon the increase rather than the waue and it flourishes in all styles of aparte ments. So great is the fancy for it thatonemay be prepared to hear of ail sorts of extravagance in that line of decoration. A story that seems almost incredible is told of a prominent N York artist, who in lately fitting up acountry house for himself even wentso far in his ene thusiasm for white furnishings throughout a@ to paint white a set of rosewood furniture. I¢ was an elegant bed room set and an heirloom in the family, s0 the story goes, but it seeme quite too absurd to believe, It seems too sacrilegious to think of covering over the rich dark wood, with its besutifal grain, when se many good shapes in pine are made for thig very purpose, COLORED SILKS IN EMBROIDERY. There is quite a revival of colored silks ig embroidery in connection with the white, which had almost superseded the colors. Ia these colored silks the shading of nature ig again followed instead of the several tones of one color which have prevailed. For instance, acenter mat for the dinner table will have @ vine gracefully designed as a border of nasture tiums with the blossoms in the glowing scarlet and yellow of the real flower. The leaves will be of green shaced as natural ones are, ie whole effect being very brilliant and rich in colorings Another center piece may be in a morning glory pattern, with the flowers in the delicate pinks, shading to purpie, and the leaves in the shaded greens. ild roses are — popular embroidery, and the natural shades of ping with olive leave. are favorites as ever. The pure white cotton momie cloth, wor and showy, is snotber revival in “art embroi ery” material, and makes an excellent foundee tion for sofa piliows. Worked with the same shade of white in rope silk, and with a wide ese ypeaasrens «bry w possible, All these materials are washable of course, s@ itis not the unserviceavle of prettiness ——coo__ AN INFANT GIANTESS. Remarkably Rapid Growth of a Texag Child. Louisiana, boasts of a phenomenon in the shape of a girl not yet quite ten years old who has already at- tained the height of five feet ten inches. She