Evening Star Newspaper, November 16, 1888, Page 7

THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D.C. FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 1888. POWDERLY’S REPORT. He Asks More Power for the General Master Workman. General Master Workman Powderly presented his report at yesterday’ session of the knights of labor convention at Indianapolis. After Speaking of the early struggles of the order, the opposition it has always met from the enemies of the working classes, Mr, Powderly says the past year has been the most disconrag- ing yet. Many causes combined to cause a falling of in membership. “The circulation of false statements concerning the strength of the order deove away thousands who regarded quantity as being superior to quality in the make-up of the membership of a labor organi- zation. When tbe rumor went forth from the enemies’ quarters that the numbers were Topping down, those members who looked to others for what they should do themselves Gropped out also. When the divergence of Opinion between the generalofiicers became heralded broadeast by those who alway magnified, then the memberswho looked for unity among the officers, instead of doing their duty by waiting until they could repiace these officers with others, withdrew from the order tem ly. The story so often circulated and so wonderfully magnified, of the extravagance of the general officers, frightened others, and they, too, stood still until session would assemble. The unwise strikes which were entered upon against the laws and principles of the knights of labor swept thousands of our members into povert} and forced them from the order. Add to ail of those causes the campaign which has just closed in the United States, in which members and assemblies were pitted against each other on a question which never was made a part of the declaration of principles, and on which they could very well afford to differ without differing as to any point in the laws or rules of the order, and we wonder not that there has been a falling off, but that we have passed through the crucial test with the ranks un- broken as we find them to-day.” He states that these trials have resulted in good for the order and denied anything like official dishonesty, inviting a thorough exami- mation of all books and accounts, Many changes are desired in the constitution. He recommends the total abolition of sections which provide for the appointment and gov- érnment of examining organizers. The law as framed is a dead letter. At present, he thinks, the financial affairs are intrusted into too many hands. One responsible party should be intrusted with the management of the finances. ONE-MAN POWER WANTED, After alluding to the complaints of one-man power in the order, Mr. Powderly says the trouble is there is not enough one-man power. Divided power has injured the order. “Vestin oue man the power to execute the laws which the many favor and pass upon, allow uo inter- ference with that man in the performance of his duty, and you may expect results. Allow every self-seeker, every knave, every disturber and fav to interpret the laws, and we have anarchy pure and simple. A pandering to ignorance by some has given rise to the im- pression that the man who railed against one- man power was a friend to the masses, No greater mistake was ever made. The mat who tells the people that they can all act independ- ent of each other on every issue that arises, and do it intelligently, is a demagogue. No matter how intelligen people may be, they must meet to determine. not what one man wants, Lut what is best for all men. * * * One-man power is an absolute ne- cessity in order to insure success, but those who confer that power should first know what power to give, and when the end of that man’s term of office arrives they should know wheth- er he has wielded his power in such a way as best to serve his constituents. If he has. ac- cord to him the merit of having done so; if not, then censure him, but do not censure him for not accomplishing results when the author- ity to do so was not placed in his hands, and when the power to thwart his every move was delegated to others who were supposed to act in unison with him. Men have been placed in office with me with whom I would not for a moment associate in a private business enter- prise with any hope of success, yet for the sake of the good that might follow, silent forbear- ance under such circumstances has been ob- served by me. Fancy the condition which the united colonies would have found themselves in had the first ten years of the government of the United States been delegated to such men as I describe, and the interest of the 3.000.000 of that day were no greater than those which were placed in the keeping of the general ex- ecutive board of the Teichts of labor. Your general master workman realized fall well his own incapacity to deal with the great questions which faced him, but it was not necessary to Tetard the progress of the order by placing an equal power in the hands of each member of the general executive board, and then expect the general master workman to achieve the success much desired by all true knights.” The great questions of the hour, Mr. Pow- derly declares, are finance, land and transpor- tation. The people must settle these questions; the politicians will not do it. “If the masses remain idle and indifferent the classes will rule through the power which comes to them through the banking, railway and land mo- nopolies.” He recommends these questions to members of the order for discussion, and says if proper steps are taken “we can compel the campaign of 1892 to be fought out on these lines.” ecommends that a special com- mittee of three be appointed to e up the matter. He advocates concentra’ of ener- gies on these questions, and further recom- mends the formution of junior assemblies for educating younger working people. He advo- eates equal pay for equal work ‘ok women, THE CHICAGO REVOLT. Referring to the “provisional committee” appointed at Chicago after the Minneapolis convention “ to purify the order,” the general master workman declares that a law should be passed at this meeting “which would promptly and forever expe from the order the member who would engage in such dastardly work as Was inaugurated at the meeting of the Chicago rovisionals. Let us once and forever put it eyond the power of any man to fight this order or its principles and remain a member. * * © These attacks upon the the K.of 1. come from the persistent opposition which has been shown to the idea of allowing other or- ganizations to control the knights of labor. Do not misunderstand me, for I do not refer to trade-unions. Their cause and ours are one in the main. The organization which your gen- eral master workman speaks of is the interna- tional workingmen’s association, which passed resolutions three years ago to secure the elec- tion of its trusted agents as general officers of the order of the K-of L. ‘The proofs are in my possession. We had the misfortune to elect @man who was either a member or a sympa- thizer tothe general executive board, and he at all times shown a preference for the principles of that organization.” Passing to other sub; Mr. Powder! $ a more equal division of the wealti d by labor, and denounces the “gam- bling in money, in lard, in railways and in the very food which is withheld from the mouths of millions at the sound of the stock broker's ticker. In his report ex-Secretary Litchman gives a detailed statement of his connection with the order from his admission to the present time, qnoting from the official records of the past sessions of the general assembly to prove the falsity of the charges of dishonesty which had been circulated against him. He gave details to show in what points he saved money to the order. He had printing done by his son, who was a knight of labor, and he believed he did properly in so doing, but it was less than one- seventh of the whole amount that was done there. He indignantly denied the charge that he falsified accounts, explainii that he had nothing to do with paying the bills, that work devolving on the treasurer. He further denied the claim he had employed non-union help at the general offices. i tion ‘Was appended as a part of the record. At the afternoon session resolution was Passed that it would be impolitic for any body of men from the convention to wait upon, as knights of labor, the President-elect. Last _ similar action was taken at Minneapolis regard to President Cleveland, who was there at that time. ee * Religio: - micadtinn nm a la Mode. ‘The Reetor—“My dear Mrs. Worldleigh, you ae miss your church very much; I feel for ou,” Mrs. Ppa sine don’t miss my church as much as y q make Janet sit at the windy Sener wanna and tell me just who are going by and how they are AvpvRy’s Starve or Wrurzas H. Sewaxp.— Senator Evarts delivered the tera oration at the gop of > statue of William H. Sew- urn, GRANT’S STOICISM. General Hayes Tells a Story About the Impassability of the Silent Leader. From the Cincinnati Commerciel-Gagette. Ex-President Hayes was in a reminiscent mood last Wednesday night at the mo dinner of the Loyal Legion. The charm: story which he told about “Little Phil” Sheri- dan’s first and last vote was received with ap plause, and there was a cheer when he repeated Sheridan's simple words: “It is my first vote, and it will perhaps be my last, but I want to vote for ‘Old Abe’ once!” General Hayes then told, in his characteristic way, with gestures that were almost Coquelinesque in their ex- pressive grace, a story of General Grant's stoi- cism in the midst of impending peril. General Hayes said that it was a story of the only time that Grant ever showed what might have been called “fear” had any one else but Grant been the hero ofthe story; + “I met,” said Gen. Hayes, “nt an army din- ner, some time ago, Col. Bowers, a favorite aide of Grant's, and asked him, during the evening, ‘What was the most striking exhibition of fear, anxiety, or a sense of responsibility that you ever noticed in Gen. Grant? ‘Well,’ replied Bowers, ‘if there was one instance above all others where he seemed to be affected by the stress of care it was during the five days’ fight down in the Wilderness. On one of the days, T think the fourth, the fighting commenced early in the morning, and continued all through the day. At the end of the day there had been great slaughter on both sides, and we had not carried a point; we bad been repulsed onevery side. There was not an absolute defeat, but we all felt that our army had been shaken, and that possibly a severe, determined return at- tack by Lee's army might be disastrous. “Just at dark that night,’ Bowers continued, ‘said General Hayes,’ ‘we were all gathered abouta log fire that was built on the green- sward atGrant’s quarters. All Grant's staff were about the fire, and as the flickering flames lighted up their faces it could be seen that they were all oppressed with the greatness of the losses of the day and the Preceding days, Nothing was said. ‘The log crackled and sput- tered in the fire. Grant stood by, looking at the bright flames, his hands behind his back, a cigar in his mouth, saying nothing. Suddenly there broke out ou the night air, a mile or two off, a heavy firing. It was evidently a deter- mined attack on our lines. The firing grew as it came nearer, We all jumped up from our places about ‘the glowing fire and listened ° KISSING THE BIBLE. The Custom Falling Into Disuse Because it May Transmit Disease. —. New York Graphic. ie medical journals are agitating the dan- gers which lurk in the greasy and worn backs of the cburt Bibles, The practice of “kissing the book” comes down from the days of colo~ nial custom, but it is at no/time compulsory, although the ki no and even some of the:most intel it , who know that it is optional with them, seem to lose their self possession, and at the command of the court baliff, “‘kiss the book,” they do so. A New Jersey physician is reported to have refused to “kiss the book,” but was compelled tocomply with the requirements. Jersey law must be very old fashioned and id, or no ruling would. have followed the re’ the courts of several states any one may refuse to do so, and in many of the states the Bible is not used in the co The witness has only to hold up his right hand and solemnly swear that he will ‘tell the truth, the whole trut! and nothing but the truth,” and even then if he has any conscientious scruples against this rh icant oof kis the book is id © practice of kissing the rapidly falling into disrepute everywhere. be- cause the same book that is kissed by eased lips is offered to the seer disensantes respecting, and often the witness OBE stomach ‘torns against the osculat ordeal merely goes through the motion of pui the book toward the lips, without actual contact. ‘The man with the mustache apparently sub- mits, but the book only touches the capillary substance, and is passed on to the next witness r juror. Insome instances, if the Bible is not bound with elastic bands, it is not tncom- mon for the one taking the oath to open the book and kiss some printed page. Tbis is the presidential custom, and the lynx-eyed re- porters watch closely and report that passage Cs ——- which the presidential lips have ised. The Bible used by President Cleveland when he took the oath of office was a small morocco- covered Bible, well worn, with gilt edges. It was the Bible given to him by his mother when, as a young man, he left home to become the architect of his own destiny, and it was at his special request that the committee of arrange- ments had it in readiness when the chief jus- tice of the United States came forward to ad- minister the oath of the high office to which he had been called, $ The origin of the oath upon the Bible has eagerly. ‘Grant stood and listened intently to the firing. He said to an officer, after 2 moment or two: “Ride forward; see what it is, and come back to me.” The officer leaped into his saddle and galloped rapidly out into the darkness be- yond the circle of light made by the camp fire. Gradually the firing died away: volleys ceased, and soon naught was to be heard save here and there the sharp report of a musket. Grant straightened up, yawned, aud said: “I haven't slept any for some time, and I think I'll go to bed." He then tossed away the stump of his cigar and entered his tent.’ “Bowers,” said General Hayes, “remarked: ‘Grent hasn't slept for three or four nights. He has been in the saddle every night, examining the lines and looking after the men.’ Grant was in his tent. Through the fly, which was} open, could be seen the yellow glimmer of a flickering candle, Grant always kept a candle burning in his tent at night when he slept. Bowers, with the rest of the officers who re- mained up, after a while heard the thud, thud of a horse's hoofs galloping rapidly toward headquarters, and soon the officer who had been sent out to see what the firing meant, dashed into camp and dismounted, Bowers got the news from the officer and weut in to awaken Grant, for he had gone to sleep. ‘T' news wasn’t important, for the firing was sim- ply the enemy straightening its lines, or some- thing like that, not serious. Bowers went to Grant's tent and looked in. He supposed the general was asleep, and he didn’t think the néws of importance enough to awaken him, Grant was Tyin on his face and hands, and when Bowers looked into the tent he said, ‘Well, Bowers, what's up.’ Grant had evidently not gone to sleep at all, tired as he was, ‘That query of Grant's,’ said Mr. Bowers, ‘was the most striking exhibition of care, anx- iety, sensation, call it what you will, that I ever knew Grant to exhibit.’” General Hayes had all through the story the deepest attention of his hearers, and as he ap- proached the finale of the story they were all on the qui vive for something startling. It didn’t come, and they all laughed. The point of General Hayes’ story was that under no cir- cumstances, be what they might, danger or security, did Grant ever, by word ‘or look, ex+ press the slightest fear or anxiety about any- thing with which he had to do. ———— rer. Election Echoes. DELAYED RETURNS—A SOUTHERN ESTIMATE OF HARRISON'S CHARACTER, The Charleston (8. C.) News and Courier, a leading democratic organ, in an editorial speaks highly of Gen. Harrison's personal and public character; declares that he will be the actual as well as nominal head of his admini- stration, with no power behind the throne; that Mr. Blaine will not enjoy his counsels; that Mr, Dudley and Mr. Quay have reached the termi. nation of their influence; that there will be no legislation or action hostile to the south, and that the home-rule influences, under which large amounts of northern capital have found rofitable investment, will not be disturbed, ut rather encouraged. The positive style of the, editorial, and the fact that these utterances come from Editor Dawson, who is a member of the national democratic executive committee, and who has just returned from a northern visit, have caused much attention to be given to the publication. The Eeadon poily News’ correspondent at Rome says: “The change in the presidency of the United States will im no wise have any in- fluence on the personal relations with’ the American government of the Roman clergy. President Cleveland is much attached to Cardi- nal Gibbons. President-elect Harrison is a de- voted friend of Bishop Chatard, of Vincennes, who, although lacking the political influence f Cardinal Gibbons, is very popular with Cath- Mr. Blaine lays the greatest stress on being popular with the Catholic clergy, and he has ties of friendship with American’ priests he A dispatch from Augusta, Me., says there is an impression there that Mr. Blaine would refer to remain out of the cabinet, but as a leader of his party, having a potent voice in making up the cabinet and distributing the offices. It is understood there that Mr. Blaine will live in Washington next winter. Dispatches received last evening by the West Virginia republican state committee led Chairman Cowden to revise his figures and in- crease Goff's majority for governor from 76 to 202. The recount in Fayette county gave him an increase of 100, and the authentic returns from McDowell make the other differences, Owing to the recount these figures are still subject to revision. The latter returns give McGinnis, republican, for Congress, in th third district, 35 majority. The democratic state committee still claim Fleming's tion - governor by 200 or 300, but ‘ish no Oficial returns from the state of Virginia with the exception of four counties, which, will not affect the general result, give Cleveland a majority of 1,586. he Home Market club of Boston last evening celebrated the republican victory in the na- tional election by a banquet in Mechanics’ — A —_ from aoe. rison was read, and speeches were made by Gen. Alger, Warner Miller, and others, % . — soe As the Bride Tells It. From Time. How interesting it is to hear an account of a redding from the lips of the happy, chattering little bride herself, as she recounts the whole affair to one of her intimate friends, who listens eagerly while the bride says: “‘And oh, everything went off perfectly love- been traced to the old Roman law, and the kissing of the book is said to be an imitation of the priest kissing the ritual as a sign of rev- erence before he reads it to the people. Bou- ‘vier’s Law Dictionary says: “The commence- ment of an oath is made by the party taking hold of the book, after being required by the officer to do so, and ends U eerie with the words ‘so help you God,’ and kissing the book, when the form is that of swearing on the evan- gelists.” In Protestant courts Jews usually decline to be sworn on the Bible if it includes the New Testament, and they very rarely “kiss the book,” although the Jews from the earliest i Were sworn on the Pentateuch, They ad, however, like the Greeks and Romans, two forms of oaths, known as the greater and lesser oath. The lesser oath was by Jerusalem, the temple, heaven or the altar; bat their most solemn oaths were when they laid their hand upon the book of the law and sworn by the God of Israel. The Mohammedans are sworn on the Koran, and the Greeks and Romans swore by the souls of the dead, the ashes of their fathers, by their own lives or the lives of their friends, by their heads and by their right hands, while among Scandinavians and Ger- mans it was customary to rest the hand upon some object while repeating the oath, When it is considered that people diseased and dirty, kiss the Bible in our lower and higher courts, with a resounding smack, and that by this contact disease may be dissemi- nated to the very sensitive organs, the lips, there is good reason for'the medical journals to open war on the custom of “kissing the book.” The Medical Register of a recent date “The kissing of the Bible in any case is a form which might easily, without the sacrifice of solemnity or of the stricture of an oath, be set aside in favor of simply touching of ‘the book with the hand or recognition of it in the averration. The lips are most sensitive recep- tacles for the germs of disease, and, from the motley throng of dirty and diseased persons who are summoned in a court of justice, what infectious germs may not be disseminated? The person who kisses a Bible in court has not the least surety that his lips do not come in di- rect contact with the pollution left by a prede- cessor who was suffering from some foul skin disease or taint, not to speak of the germs of eruptive fevers and the lik a ‘see — What Cigarettes are Made of. MANY BRANDS ANALYZED AT THE INSTANCE OF HICAGO NEWSPAPERS, For some time past the Chicago Journal and the Evening News have been waging vigorous warfare against cigarettes. The Journal has printed a series of articles showing the large number of cigarettes that were sold by small shopkeepers to the public school pupils, and has bad interviews with the principals of’ the various schools and with physicians, showing the extent and injury of the cigarette practice among young boys. The News has been in- vestigating the composition and effect of cigar- ettes generally. With this end in view a number of packages of each brand commonly used were purchased and stripped of the boxes, cards and every distinguishing mark, Each kind was put into a pasteboard box, the lid éf vhich was inscribed with a letter. These were taken for analysis to Prof. Delafontaine, a well- known chemist. He found that the eigarettes he tested were generally made of tobacco “imperfectly fer- mented,” which mgans that an unusually lar; amount of nicotine was present in. them, He found that nearly all had an unnatural propor- tion of insoluble ash, that several kinds were steeped in an injurious substance, and were impregnated with dirt in varying proportions, Sullivan Writes a Letter. IN A FEW WEEKS SOMEBODY WILL HAVE AN OP- PORTUNITY TO GET THRASHED, Boston specisl to the New York Sun. John L, Sullivan has been unmoved by the presence of Charley Mitchell and Jake Kilrain in this town. He has heard Kilrain’s fighting talk without blustering, and he has surprised even his best friends by his unruffled temper, ‘The fact is, John knows that he is as weak as a rag compared to his former self, and he has the manliness to own it. This afternoon he came down town to see some of the boys, and received a royal welcome. Last night Mitchell and Kilrain exhibited themselves in several sporting places and created 9 little excitement, but it was tame beside the ovation tendered “the only champ,” as Sullivan is affectionately called by his ade mirers. Before going home he visited the Herald office and gave the sporting editor an open letter to his friends amd admirers, In this letter he reviews his late illness, and con- fesses that it has left him in bad shape for fighting. He says, however, that at his pres- sent rate of improvement he will be in prime condition in six or seven weeks. Then he will give his attention to Kilrain and silence hig blufling with a sound thrashing. After that, if Mitchell wants to tackle him again, he will have the opportunity. In gegard to Mitchell’ offer to spar at a benefit which has been. suge ested for the big fellow the beneficiary thanks him, but thinks he will not need his services, He will have at that benefit. such men as Jack Dempsey, Pat Killen and Jack Ashtan, any one of whom, he thinks, would be able to dii of Mitchell without any trouble. ——-— +00 Ladies at a Masonic Lodge. THEY HEAR MUCH OF THE PROCEEDINGS—THER INTRODUCER TO BE EXPELLED, From the Pall-Mall Gazette. ¥ Scotland. On Thursday the Grand Lodge of Scotland holds its quarterly meeting in the Freemasons’ hall, Edinburgh, to consider among other business the “expulsion of Brother William Edwards, and ial censure Brother J. O. Fraser and William Rol office-bearers of the Lodge Celtic, No. 291.” I] f the brethren named. appears that the offense of the was in admitting portion of was “tyled inthe cise htand of CHASING JACK RABBITS Is Profitable Business if they Only Run the Right Way. From the Atiants Constitution. “Give me a ticket to Cocolalla,” said a sun- burned, roughly-dressed man to Ticket Agent Mann, as he stepped up to the counter of his “What did you say?” said Mr. Mann, as he wiped the mildew from his eye-glasses. “Cocolalla,” I said. “Where is that? Never heard of that place before,” and the ticket agent looked suspici- ously at his customer, wondering if there wasn't @ new joke in circulation. “Cocolalla? Why, Cocolalla is on the North- ern Pacific, about 1,300 miles from St. Paul I¥s' where I leave the railroad to go to my mines in the Coeur d’Alene mountains.” * “Oh, ight; I can fix you now,” said Mr. Mannenh es but the work of ® moment for him to fix the would have made any newspaper man wealthy, he introduced himself and asked a lesding question about the land of Cocolalla, 11m going back there to look after a mine I found six years ago. It'sin the Cur d'Alene a about 75 ose ave = the rail- name's m0 T, whose name ie. Gilker—he's « Penutyivanis Dutchman—is up there now, and he’s just wrote me that he's had a chance to sell it for our price.” “How much is that, Mr. Wilson?” “Two hundred thousand,” was the careless answer, and as the reporter was trying to catch his breath Mr, Wilson continued: “Well, now, I tell you that’s been a pretty lucky strike for us two fellers. In the summer of '62 Gilker and I was working in the Anaconda smelter, at Butte City, in Montana. We was making regular wages and doing tolerably well. But one day Gilker says to me: ‘Let's go up to the Cour d'Alene, Bill.’ I told him we'd bet- ter stay where we was, but I thought about ita good deal, just the same. So ‘long "bout the Ist of August I says to Gilker: tied with you and we'll try our luck.’ We starte 4 and every train we met this side of Thompson's Falls was crowded full of fellers who'd been prospectin’ in the Ceur d’Alene all summer, and every one of ’em was broke. They all told us "twant no ‘use to go thar, an’ I was feelin’ pretty blue an’ wanted to go back, but Gilker says let's go on anyway; we've got our ticket. So we went on, an’ it cost us ’bout all we bad to get our pros- tin’ ontfit packed in. We tramped over the ills for nigh two weeks an’ our grub was get- tin’ low. I told Gilker when the grub give out I was going to strike for home. But it didn’t give out, for one day we found a ‘pocket,’ a regular lamp of pola, an’ we followed it up "till we Syne = vei by “Is that the property your partner says he can sell for $200, 000." < “Yes, But didn't tell you how we came to strike it, One day me ‘and Gilker was smokinj after eatin’ what we called supper an’ talkin’ "bout the d—d country, when all of a sudden a jack rabbit run past us. He’d got hurt some- how and was limpin’ along, and Gilker started after him. He never caught the jack, but he did fall down in a ally that was growed up with mountain sage as as your head, and in kickin’ around down thar a tryin’ to get out he loosened some of the rock, and thar was gold under every stone. He yelled to me to come thar, and we lit a candle; ‘twas most dark there, and got up two or three gold chunks, We carried ’em to our tent an’ pounded them out, an’ I knew by the time we got too tired to work out any more of it that we had got some- thing rich in sight. Next morning we was down thar in that gully by daylight, an’ from that day to this we've just been gettin’ rich.” “What are you doing down in this part of the country, Mr. Wilson.” “My folks live over here in Alabama, near Selma, an’ I’ve been down thar "bout two weeks gettin’ ‘quainted. I hain’t been thar in twelve year before, an’ now I'm goin’ to go to Mon- tana, sell out, an’ come back to this part of the country to live,” And Mr. Wilson, half-owner of a $200,000 mine, with a pleasant smile and a grip that Sul- livan would admire, shook hands and said good day. There is a fortune in chasing jack rab- bits—if they run the right way. i elie Se Financial Crash at Durham. BLACKWELL'S BANK OF DURHAM AND SEVERAL BUSINESS HOUSES GO UNDER, North Carolina financial circles were startled yesterday by the announcement of the failure of the Bank of Durham and several business houses in that town as follows: Bank of Dur- ham, owned by W. 'T. Blackwell, liabilities es- timated at $400,000; estimated assets, upward of $800,000. E. J, Parrish, manufacturer of smoking tobacco, liabilities, $190,000; esti- mated assets, $300,000. J. W. Blackwell. coal dealer, contractor, &c., liabilities $11,000; W. F. Ellis, dry goods, $23,000; Muse & Shaw, dry ‘oods, $10,000; Robbins & Stone, dry goods, 8,000. ‘The bank went under because of a heavy line of discounts at the north which it could not get renewed. It is stated that Black- well will be able to pay all creditors in full, ‘There bas been no run on other Durham banks, all of which assure the public that they are ready to meet all demands. All the houses in- volved, it is thought, will be able to pay their liabilities in full, and will resume business at an early day. 'A Raleigh dispatch says no house there is affected, “Col, Blackwell was too lenient and carri: his loans over and over rather than push his friends.” ee SE The Happiest Country in Europe. Dr. Alice Vickery, of England, alleges that France must be the happiest country in Europe. She says thatwhile the surplus in women in Great Britain and Germany amounts to nearly 750,000 and 1,000,000 respectively, France, in 1881, had a surplus of only 92,000 women, and marriages are more prevalent in proportion to the Ls eeoroey in France than elsewhere. France bas the lowest birth rate of all European countries, 23.8 to a thousand, against 31 for Great Britain and 38 for Germany. The ayer- age number of children ina French family is now 2.3, against 4.6 in England and Wales, 5.25 in Scotland and 5.4 in Ireland. Germany has nearly five to a pty. France has a greater proportion o! -up persons than any pee ag yee Les in each 10,000 between the ifteen and sixty being. in France, ayes 4,984; in Sweden, 4,954; $1.06 years, against Holland, 27.76; in, 27.66; Groat Beitaln, 26.5; the United Seats, 5 1, tare evel mses ose persons over the of ixty are 36; in Switzerland, 4; England, 80;, Belgium, = Wurtemberg, 24; Prussia, 19, and Austria, ———_+o0e—____. November Clothing. From the New York Graphic. clothing for November includes soft, firm, woolen textures next the skin. If some of the various varieties of health wear cannot be obtained a good substitute may be found in vests and pants made of pure flannel. Loose- ness of fit is essential; for in such pitiable folds = — garments i Raeoae into by pressure of outer garb, body entangled as in a net and retajned, while outside cold is barred entrance, patients often say to me, “Doc- I cannot bear wool next my skin. It causes intolerable itching and is uncomfortable.” “Very well,” is the answer, “but try it just for twenty-four hours longer, and if you are still restless you may change,” time cut nerves have become accustomed to the new comer, and have welcomed him as 8 far better friend the one set aside, and in a week the most delicate patient not eran back THE ANTIQUITY OF BAKING. Bread-) a Prehistoric Art— Egyptians as Bakers and their Skill. From the Chicago News. The origin of baking the period of history, and is involved in the obscurity of the j E H Be B it angels, offered to “fetch of bread.” Baking is again referred to where Sarah has instructio1 = oe ae ot measures of fine meal, knead and make cakes upon the hearth.” Lot entertained two angels by giving them unleavened bread. The mere mention of unleavened bread shows that ~ me bem dt re ego feet a9 at and the rural parts of Sweden no bread is made, but rye cakes are baked twice a year, and are as hard as flint. It is less a cen- tury ago that bread was used in Scotland, the Scotch people of every class living on barley bannocks and oaten cakes, Owing to the fact that bread is sold very cheaply in Great Britain, the bakers of that country are a poorly paid class of laborers, For years the employers made use of child labor to such an extent that liament in 1863 passed a law making it a criminal offense to employ a young person under the age of eighteen years to work in a bakehouse between the hours of 9 o'clock p.m. and 5 o'clock a.m. As most of the work done by bakers is in the night, this statutory law in Great Britain vir- tually prohibits child labor in bakehouses. In all countries of the world wheat flour is the principal material for making bread, although rye is used largely among the peasantry in some parts of Europe. The price of bread has always followed the market price of wheat very closely, and a recent rise in wheat ad- vanced the price of @ pound loaf in Chicago 25 per cent, ————-+ee-_—__—_. Lele ag of foot ball at Carlisle, Pa., be- tween the classes 91. and '92 of Dickinson Col- lege, Jas, Harris, of St. Louis, Mo., a member of the class of °92, was trampled Spon by at least a dozen players, He received injuries which may prove fatal. Mrs. Patrick Inglesby, a widow eighty years old, was found dead in’her bed in her home in Pittsburg Wednesday. She had evidently been strangled, Robbery’ was the cause of her murder, for several hundred dollars which she is supposed to have had are missing. AUCTION SALES. HOMAS DOWLING, Auctioneer. PEREMPTORY SALE NINETEEN COWS, THREE WAGONS, CARRIAGE HARNESS, LOT FORAGE, o., ke. On Wr DNESDAY, NOVEMBER TWENTY-FIRST, 1888, commencing st ELEVEN O'CLOCK A.M, at “Colebrook Farm,” situated on Hamilton Koad, ut @ quarter of a mile from the top of will nell for cash the following? 17 Mileh Cows, 2 Heifers, 1 Bay Horse, 12 vears, Ff Dunn Horse, 10 years, Good Hope Hill, I Seat Garriae, 1 Iron Pump. Cutting Boxes, Lot Farwing Linplements, ot Forage, &e., ke. This stock will all be found tn goodorder,andshould attract general attention, nl6-dts THOS. DOWLING, Auct. (CHARLES W. HANDY, Real Estate 921, 8 AUCTION SALE OF SHREE-SFORY AND BASE- STENT BUCK HOUSE WITH ALE MODERN IMPROVEMENTS, BEING HOUSE No. 1417 SIXTH STREET NORTHWEST. I will offer for sale. in front of the ‘THURSDAY, NOVEMBER TWENTY-SECOND, 1888, at HALF-PAST FOUR O’CLOOK P. M., Lot numbe1 14, square 479, said lot frouting 21 feet 1 2-5 inches on the east side of 6th street northwest, improved by @ three-story-and-basement brick, with large two- story brick on the rear. + ‘Terms easy and made known at time of sale. GEO. W. STICKNEY, Auctioneer, n16-dkds 36 F st. bw. ¥FICE OF WASHINGTON DANENHOWER, Real Estate and Insurance Broker.” 1115 F Street Northwest, PEREMPTORY SALE OF TWO VALUABLE BUILD. ING LOTS ON G STREET, STREET NORTHWE: remises, on ", NEAR NINETEENTH HURSDAY, the FIFTEENTH DaY OF NO- VEMBER, 1888, ‘at FOUR O'CLOCK P. M1 will offer for sale in front of the premises, the west half of foot alley. e10 ene aon i. eo of — yea 4 O00 required on each lot. Conveyanct at cost of purchaser. ‘Terma to be complied with in ten days rom day of sale or property will be resold at risk and ase cost of defaulting purchaser. HINGTON DANENHOWER, mnt for Owner, THOMAS DOWLING, Auctioneer. nY-6t 1E W. STICKNEY, Auctioneer. TRUSTEES’ SALE OF A ONE-HALF UNDIVIDED INTEREST TO VALUED UNIMPROVED PROP- ERTY ON THE NORTH SIDE T STREET, BE- TWEEN FOURTEENTH AND FIFTEENTH STREETS NORTHWEST. By virtue of a certain deed of trust duly recorded in Liber No. 1209, folio 347, et seq., one of the Ind records of the District of Columbia “and at the request of the party, thereby, we will sell at public a Hondtn frout of the preinises onTHURSDAY theFLRST DAY OF NOVEMBER, A. D. 1888, at HALF-PAST UR P. M., a one- vided tin and to (48) feet, eight (8) inches, front- depth (110 feet) of original ‘numbered two (2), iu square two hundred and Sve $205), situate in the city of Washington, District of runt +: ‘Terms of sale: One-third cash, balance tn six and twelve months, in notes secured by a deed of trust Secured upon the pro} bearing interest at the rate of six per cen’ 8100 de- ually, or to be com- GeOnde EH Enuons, Trusteos, THE VE SALE 18 NED UNTIL hour and BH. W. nl-20d GcoRGe E Extwons,} Trustees, UNTIL Is. zERSPA gO fF, FET PRUNE same hour and place. GEORGEE EuMoNs,{ Trustees, VE 18_Pos" oO \C- Sem or seis Beso or as TWENTIETH, 1888) same hour and place. B_H. WARNER, i Trustees. a 6-dts GEORGE E. EMMONS, G{2O. W STICKNEY, Anctionser, 036 Fat PEREMPTORY SALE OF VERY VALUABLE UN- IMPROVED PROPERTY ON © STREET, NEAR CORNER OF SECOND STREET NORTH- off in front of the WaDRESD AE ‘iat TWENTY PRs Bay OF ee SER, at HALP-! CLC! a 3, Lotinimberead 28 ta hesersadion 11, said lot front: 22 fect on C street. Ade: at pur: nl6-dts on Tee plied wit eod&kds: ns | 85 feet ; thence east 15 feet | lummbia, and known and y AUCTION SALES. _ THIS AFTERNOON. —— DOWLING, Auctioueer. NCERY a jOVED. ACERLEN Ch AEECTE et . A iN ih nk (SOBSER O STREET) 3 THNEE-S: H ORTH WEST. Ba peeaies NX ING, ‘Xo. 8i4twENTi-FinsT STREET NOMIIE signed trastees will sell lic section, Ty brewises, on WEDNESD, CRIEENTH Da\ foeSrs faba * Chlot Land part ot 1k 1 ru Aungs’ si eo = a three-story pressed-brick Fh ag 10 ve Breet Borthwest, containing rooms, modern vemen Ais om the RAME. Date at Wir Past rorr ; tie, maid trastene will in like manner sub lot 14, in Davidson's sub<li- 72, improved by a three-story frame street northwest, coutaining bath, modern 11 ‘ou THURSDAY, the FIFIRENIH DaY OF HALF-PAST POUR O'CLOCK like manner sell the improved r E & BA sh mente. Also, on the SAME DAY, st TALF-PAST FOCR O'CLOCK P.M. the said trustees will in like mannet sell plot 20 feet wide by 120 feet deep ou the weat wide th street (formerly Fayette street), Georgetown, 433 fect north from the intersection of { street (for- t), improved by asmnall brick dwell- ing, No. 2044 35th sireet (formerly Fayette street), posits: $200 will be required upon sales of 710 10th street northwest and 1328 J4th street morth- Want and $100 upon each of the other salen. Terma: Oue-third cash balsnce in one and two with interest at roent per annum, and se- Zared by deed of trunt, or'eil canh, kt the obtisir ae tee purebaser. Taxes paid to June 30, 1888. ff th ff atle are not complied with within ten days the rugut resell at the defwulting purchasers’ risk pilng at cost of purchasers ity Hall, ‘K HOUSE No. 467 ee OTE ‘On TUESDAY AFT! MBER TWEN- TETH, at HALF-PA‘ we will sell, front of the premises, parts of 6, ~QUARE > 18, of Tayloe’s subdivision of original lot 4, in said square, commencing for the same forty (40) feet from the southwest corner of ‘said square, ranning th or 0 thence west 15 feet to wre gee, of proved by brick dwelling No. 467 G stree iis property ix centrally located opposite t office and near the Patent and Post ice build ‘Terms: One-third cash, balance nl and notes to be given beariny 6 per cont per aunu est from day of Omg payable semi-annu: to be secured by deed of trust ou the propert oF all cas tion of the purchaser, "A deposit ot $300 of sale, Conveyancing, &c.at pur- t. Terms to be complied with in'l0 days otherwise right reserved to resell at the risk and cost Of thedefaulting purchaser after 5 days’ pubic potice sucl im some newspaper published in Wash- p. rong “DUNCAN BON, & BROS» TDI c H BROCADE: SA LASS, OFFICE DESK, 5! URE, KITCHEN REQUISIT x BDAY MORNING, | househ: IMAS Dc 1HOMAS DOWLING, Auctioneer, VERY VALUABLE AND DESIRABLE 1 PROPERTY AT AUCTION, BEING 20TH STREET NORTHW sti On TUESDAY, NOVEMBER TWENTY-SEVENTH, 1888, at FOUB O'CLOCK P. M., in front of the premise J will sell lots A and F, sub-division of lot 12, in agus 116, fronting 14 feet on 201 street by a depth of More of less, to a 30-foot wide alley. Improved by three-story press-brick residence with modern im- entsand alanre two-story brick stable in rear, 7 20th stree ‘Terms: One-third cash, balance in six and twelve months with interest and secured by a deed of trust on the property sold. All conveyancing ‘and record ing at cost of purchaser. A deposit of @100 will be re- quired at time of sale. Ifterms be not complied with in ten days the property may be resold at the risk and cost of defsulting purchaser. i n15-dts (OMAS DOWLING, Anctioneer. HHOMAS DOWLING, Auctioneer. TRUSTEES’ SALE OF VALUABLE REAL FSTATE, AR LE DROIT PARK, ON FOURTH STREET, BETWEEN K AND BOUNDARY. Under and by virtue of a certain deed of trust bear- ing date on the 2d (second) day of AD. NBS, and duly recorded in Liber 12 #eq., One of the land wer the underaiued ¥ DAY, the TWENTY OVEMBER, D. INS8, at HALF LOCK P.M. sell at publi ‘tion, in front of the premises, all those certain pieces or parcels of land and premises, situate and being in the city of Washington, District of Co- distingu.shed as all of lots numbe} ty-eight Charles F. E. Kichandson’s dundee ven ten (10), folio 1 as per plat reconde: in Liber af the records of the surveyor's office of the District of Columbin, Terms of sale: One third cash, and the balance in one and two years, with interest at the rate of six per cent per annum, payable semi-annually and secured by deed of trust on the property; or all cash, at the option of the purchaser. A deposit of #100 will be required at time of sale, All conveyancing and record- ing at purchaser's cost. Ternus to be complied with in fifteen days or the property Will be resold at risk of a eeetee TAKES W, RICHARDSON Sidiien, n15-a&ds MASON N. RICHARDSON," 1HOMAS DOWLING, Auctioneer. SALE AT THE BRITISH LEGATION BY CATALOGUE OF AN ELEGANT COLLECTION OF GOODS BELONGING TO LORD SACKVILLE, EMBRACING IN PART ELEGANT GLASS AND CHINA WARE AND TABLE DECORATIONS, A SUPERB SERVICE OF SILVER PLATE FOR 50 PEOPLE; SUPERB STEINWAY & SONS’ PIANO, CHOICE SPECIMFNS OF BRIC-A-BRAC, ARTE CLES OF VIRTU, ELEGANT LAMPS, A VALUA- BLE ASSORTMENT OF WINES AND LIQUORS, SOME CHOICE GROCERIES AND PRESERVES, A COMPLETE BATTERY OF COPPER COOKING UTENSILS, A SPLENDID PAIR OF HORSES, AND THE FOLLOWING CARRIAGES—VICTO- RIA, BROUGHAM, LANDAU, MADE BY PETERS & SONS, LONDON: ELEGANT HARNESS, SIN- GLE AND DOUBLE; ONE 50 LIGHT FRENCH FIRE GILT CHANDELIER: TABLE AND OTHER LINEN, TOGETHER WITH ARTICLES OF VALUE THAT CANNOT BE ENUMER- ATED. excellency, Lord Sackville, at the legation residence, Connecticut ave. and N st., a choice lot of Housekeep- ing Effects, together with his Horses, Carriages and Stable Paraphernalia, N. B.—The Stable Effects will be sold the day follow- ing the Household Goods at precisely TWELVE O'CLOCK. S2-The House will be open for inspection on the Morning of the day of sale up to commencement. SB Admission only by card, which will be furnished by the Auctioneer, to whom all applications gnust be made, 2d N. W. BOWE, Real Estate Auctioneer. * GRANITE, GRANITE, GRANITE. ONER’S SALE OF A TRACT OF LAND MYA RICHMOND, VA. IMMEDIATELY” ON TE ODOR AAD peta Denil BEDS OF FINE GRANITE. virtue of the TD. oo a a, paral nate pe terms | AUCTION SALES. TO-MORROW. $$$ ALTER B. WILLIAMS & 00, Auctioneers, EGULAR SAT X SALE OF, OUSEEOLR ti TER OchOCR A ‘ML, we shall sell, im tp our ‘© geveral assortment salesTooin, SALE OF eu LD, CTION OMS SAFUREAY TRENTH, a AM. TNG IX PART — Bookcpect, Chamber Fucuivurs” Mengss Chamber Purnit and other Larpeta, Go nking and Heat ‘Stoves, aS Eel ‘THOMAS DOWLING, Avot. > legacy” Auctioneer. iF VICTORIA, BUILT BY * EN TOLL SUE PLANER AP On SATURDAY, NOVEMBER pp ty | ISMN, SU TWEEGE Mets fone of my sulesroomm, ‘Will sell for cash the above vouiale, zt THOMAS DOWLING, HOMAS DOWLING, Auctioneer. AN ELEGANT COUPE AT AUCTION. On SATURDAY, NOVEMBER SEVEN’ 1888, at TWELVE O'CLOG 2 t of my rooma, Tshal) sell en sbaft, all in coupe ‘with: pole end ‘firewt-claas con - nectesg The coune can be seen prior to the sale by applying at the othve of the suctioneer. “nd S-dte 7 HANCERY SALE OF VALU AND UNIMPROVED LOTS, DUP OF THE REAL ESTATE oO} WILLIAM McLEAN, AND LOCATED ISLAND AVENURK, iowa Ci BOLE J TFENTH STREET NORTBWEST SOUTHWEST. io 4 iF By virtge of a decree om Pawury. 6 the Supreme Roum of the District of Golame ‘bia, the w ‘uster will offer for the SVE! iy "bat BS at FOUR OCLOOK P.M. (15), sixteen (16), elghteed (18) and twenty-four (24). in Williaa: McLauiewubdi Sguare north of Square two hundred and tors t (203 Tite Giteeu Tp/and wrstwn Cy ae ved, ya lange two-stury Frame cottage, Island avenuo. Lat eighteen (18 te. ttn . Dwelling House, No. ‘140% Fourteenth street warts ewtate of the widow. Lote ar 24) are api day, at HALF-P POUR lot twenty (27), im square two hundred and seventy eight (278), improved by = threp-story ascent brick house, Mo 17 lows Circle, On MONDAY, THE NINETEENTH DAY No- VEMBEK, 188, at FIVE O'CLOCK P.M, offer for sale, oh the Uremines, part of lot sevesueen (1), sq) hundred and’ thirty-eight (638), by a two-story frame dwelli 34° EF street south. west, anda two-story frame dwelling on the Fear of the lot, ” The dimensions of this jot sale ‘be elven at the ‘Terms of sale: One-third in cash, and the ip equal instalments at one and two Youre from the day tth interest at 6 per cent per snnum, secu tes of the purchaser and li r the pu e Island avenue. 8500, on No.7 and ‘h of the other pare hot sale the propart be resold ou ten days ce at the Fisk and cost of the defaalting ‘The property will be sold free of taxes to ISSS, except te to eu lot eighteen (1B) im of agtiare two hundred and forty-two cae), ou puch are paid by the lite venus Weyabcing at the cost uf the, _ WHAM RODEAS Prin, DUNCANSON BROS., nb—dbds ee. ____ Auctioneers, rpruomas powLine, oneer. STEE'S SALE OF ALL LOT OF HOUSE- HOLD FURNITURE By virtue of » deed of trust dated the first day of Auruat. 1588, d duly recorded im Liber 1312, 44, et seq, one of the Land Kecords of the District Columbia," and by direction of the party j.Jpehall sell om SATURDAY, B | SEVESTER: Is8K, AT ELEVEN O'CLOCK, at = uction rooms of Thomas D all ire embraced in Schedule A D | Chamber and Dini ding, room jeating and Cooking 8 Js Carpets and other house! $-dte s F[HOM4S DOWLING, Auctioneer. CATALOGUE SALE OF A ‘MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTION OF BOOKS, Including the Library of the late JOSEPH ©. G. KENNEDY, of Washington, D.©, Many Valuable Statistical Works, Khallikan’s Arabic Biographical Dictionsry, The Monthly Review, Turner Gallery, And Books Suitable for Holiday Gifts, To be Sold at Auction WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY AND FRIDAY, NOVEMBER TWENTY-FIRST, TWENTY-SEOOND AND TWENTY-THIRD, 1888, AT SEVEN O'CLOCK P. M., At Auction Rooms, 11th street and Pennaylvanis _n14-6t _Avenne. HHOMAS DOWLING, Auctioneer. By virtue of a decree of the Supreme Court of District of Colmubia, passed November 6, 1888, the amended decree passed November 9, cause of Lonis Kurtz, #r., vs. equity, the undersigned truste nin front of the prem $3 Sevenil street northwest. he SAME DAY, AT HALF-PAST oc” P. M., the said trustee will im like sell lots numbered twenty-1 (25), ip square number four bi (480), STi by three tw: 341, and 1345 sale: One-third wo sears from the day of ale, 6 per cent per annum, sec by ds the premises sold. or the purchaser or yall cash oF any, Kreater portion No. 73 on ‘tl OK P to resell the property. af the ria » Tenell the ci cost ‘of the defaulting purchaser or hasere Sve days" mivertincnent. previous ROBERT HLT. 3 — 1331 F st. nw, Sf cost of purchasers: nol 2-codkas RUSTEE'S SALE OF VALUABLE UN PROPERTY. SITUATED ON NI STREET, BETWEEN E AND F 8 NORTHWEST. By virtue of a decree of the Supreme of the District of Columbia, passed in’ Equity trustee will offer Court cause 10432, the undersigned vil for sale. i front of ‘the TUESDAY, Day OF NOVEMBER at FIVE balfot opamp ote 0 year, to poee baer the property Terms of sale to be complied with in seven cee A SORE OMEN ALE d Columbia Law WEEKS & 00., Auctrs. Grand National Award of 16,600 francs. QUINA-LAROCHE AN INVIGORATING TONIO, PERUVIAN BARK, IRON, am PURE CATALAN WINE. ai, a Agua, Lose ot cel Pounce Boa herd be 22 Ree Dreuct, Paris. E FOUGERA & OC, Agents for the U.8,