Evening Star Newspaper, December 24, 1887, Page 2

cITY AND DISTRICT. THE DISTRICT MILITIA. Notes and Comments About the Differ- ent Organizations. ‘WHAT HAs RERN DONE AND WHAT IS PROPOSED —wrLE- 4 OPPICTRS GRATIFIED AT THR PROGRESS MADE— ‘THR DISTRICT MILITIA SIGNAL CORPS—DRILLING IX PAMNEST APTER THR HOLIDATS, ‘The District militia armortes have not been as ied this week as usual. ‘The close proximity of 2 use of It, a8 many of the sol- n business houses, and many Pitre se cagaged in sore cast require ail cir time Just now. There ts one good thing that can be sald of the District militua aud that 1s, the material composing it is stout and sturdy and con- tains ilvtie of the yitt edge” element. All of the Boldiers teke hoid of their duties with an energy ‘What 1s gratitying to their superior officers. Gen. Ordway is determined that bis command shall, tu polmt of discipline, rank witm the crack ations of the country. He wants every miu ‘uo enters the militia to know that when ‘Once on waty or to the ranks he must deport him- Seif properly, as a true soldier should. Dr. D, 0. Leech has been authorized by Gen. Ord- Way too gunize an ambulance corps. He has al- ready obtained ten or twelve members, and ex- pects w have the required number in a few week: When thry Will be mustered in. The corps wi Gonsint of thirty-fve men, under command of a Bret liewsevant, two sergeants and two corporals. At this time the officers of the regular army are Fequived to attend lectures upon the first Gage of the sick and wounded, and the same prac ‘Wee will be Introduced into the District militia as Boon as practicable. ‘The District militia Dill has Deen referred by the ‘Beaate militia committee to the Secretary of War for the views aud recommendations of the War Department. For this purpose the Sec nas potated s board vf ucts couaposed ot Majore al y aWan, Adams, and another cer, Eis Brobapty compiere their examination of the erly io Japuary. Captain Dalton, Company A (W. L. 1), the senior captain of the first Battalion, 1s prominently mea- ‘Boned for tbe leutepantcolonelcy of tue first eat. In the event of his appointment, tt is bie Vane Captain oss of Com ‘will suc- Geet Colonel Moore as major of battalion. General Ordway will not order the election Of the fleld O@icers of the first and second regi- ments until after the holidays. As yee litcle has ‘Deen heard Ip the armortes as to the candidates for different positions Captain Cecil Clay, at ped ale-de-camp toGenera. Ordway, is spoken, as the future colonel of the second. Company D, First Regiment, Virginia National ‘Guar, will arrive 1 ity On Christmas morning. ‘While 'nere they wil be the guests of Company | ny nee Continentals), of the Tnird, wuo fe nade Very arrangement to give cheir guests s time. Captain Mills SeeRaNs to assemble in ful unitoran at hal-past O'clock & m., at thelr armory ou that day wre- se the ViSILOFs at the Baltimore and Potomac | pot. ‘The “uniform dress hop,” given by the first bat- Galion at their armory on Wednesd\y night, was AS delighttul affair. There was alarge attendance. J. M. Fieid, who 's forming the signal corps, has een made an acting first Meutenant, unattached, Gea. Ordway speaks very nighiy of Mr. Fieid’s quaiifications as.anoMcer. He nas had practical experience in sigualing, Laving bees a member of ‘She United states Signal Corps for tive years. Be- re that time he beionged wo the well-known edo Cadets, one of the “crack” compuates that Won +o much praise at the Nattonal drill, Company A (Corcoran Cadets) of the Fourth has ized a society to be called the Corcoran Cadets’ werary aud Debatlog society. The followin ‘GMicers have been elected: W. F. Morrow, pi dent; 5. H. Munroe, vice-presiden Durn, recording secretary; R. Gwin, Suanctal sec- retary; T. l, (reasurer: @. 4. Beamer, ser- arms, and Mr. G. T. Nixop, Ubrartan. ‘ne society has already a membership ‘of twenty- ve. At a recent meeting Messrs. Meyer, Lind- Reimer, Munroe and Raeburn, made a spirited de- Dace od the question “Whieh’ is the most useful, ‘Waud or iron?” ‘There ts some talk among the members of the First of makiog a tour during the spring of the Beincipal cities of te Tnlted “States bu tie ns of lississippl River. The matter has not yet Deen definite:s ‘The new Whitney Light Infantry have rented Scodemy Hall, Xo. 1308 Thir.y-aecond street north; ‘Weat, for thelr armory. Friday appolat ‘The regular drili night. Arrangements for the first complimentary bop of Com} D, Emmett Gi of the Third, are Progressing satisfactorily. It will take place on jouday evening, January 2, at the National Rifles’ Bal. Captain Murphy exténds to the oficers of ‘he miitia a Invitation to be present. Private James $ Raeburn, of the Corcoran ‘Cadet Cogps, 13 compiling a roster of the corps. ‘The fair to be given by the Grand Army of the Republic tn the latter part of February will be at- ‘Yeaded by many of the militia boys. Capt. Cecil Clay, Who 1s mentioned as a can- ‘idate for the colonelcy of the second regiment, is an ex; i soldier. During the war he served With distinction as colonel of the Fifty-eignth Pransyivonia regiment. He lost one arm and the other severely shattered at the battle of Horr ilarrisarand was breveuted brigadier gen- ral for conspicuous gallantry. itis said that “Jim” Wade, of Company B, first Dattalion, ts undergoing a fh course of zym~ Rastics. "Perhaps ue hopes to rival bis Teliow sol @ weil-known McGlathery, whose abilities woruomist are the pride and boast of nis pany. ‘The “setting up” and balance step exercises oc- ‘Oups 8 large share of the time on dri! nights, The Corcoran Cadets are “booming” Mr. G. A. tley, the di for tbe vacant majorahtp of fourth battafion, ~ After the holidays the boys will begin to drill up tm the program that has been arranged for the ‘Oficial inspection in January. ‘The Washington Merchants’ Rifles have a mem- Dersbipof seventy. But they are not satisfied with $29 ttraordinary, number and are skirmishing jf more. Their ambition ts praiseworthy, an howd stimulate all the other companies toa hice dea tor. Major Revels, of the seventh battalion, is very Pigas A ble mek. They ure Ane ooking, Soidteriy Hows, aud are proud of their connection with the muta Suil the ery rises, “Give us larger and better armories” It is not exaggeration to say that every mun, Woman, and chid in the District hopes Wat tue cry will penetrate the chambers of Cone Grees, abd Louse (he nation’s law-makers to ap Sppreciatiomof oneof (ue District inilitia's greatest ‘Phe organization of tne Signal Corps was per- fected by Acting First Lieut. J. M. Field at the Na- tional Feuetbie Armory, Thursday might, Only seven telegraph operators signed Sgreed upon, although Lient. Field states that tReaty oF more men Lad expressed thelr Intention W join. Te ts to be hoped that at the next meeting they will come forward. Gen. Ordway bas Issued an order assigning the Marion Rifles to the 4th battalion, as Company B. Upon the application of their company com- Manders, tue foLowlng enlisted men of the Ist bat ge have beeu disbonorabiy discharged from the jational Gi fd (of nou-payment of dues: J. F. ickey and D. D. Thompson of Company C, Walter S Cast and Chas S Fisher of Coupany D: 4 general order bas been issued stating that on ‘We 2d ana 4th, Wednesdays of each month, the Acjutant general commanding, and the officers of | Me general's staff will attend, at the armory of the st battalion, at o'clock pm. for the pur- Gon that oincers ‘aay desire, ‘Except in cases of emergency officers will avail themse.ves of these for tbe transaction of business with yarvers. ‘The transaction of business Will De lowed Dy a school of officers, to Le held at 8 @clock, which ail commissioned ofMicers are to attend: ‘The following honorable discharges are an- Rownerd: 1st battalion, J. W. Talbert, of Company A; C.C. Coulee, HL. Hall, "K. Hampwon, 6. Hust und & K, Norris of Company C; J. i, Som- ervule and EF. Verwitii ou of Company D; 2a bat- taulon, Saunuel Rothschild and KS. Sears of Com pany SG. Wood, of company D, first battalion, has ‘Deen dishonorabiy discharged. Second Lieut.-elect J. G. Moore and First Lieut. R.A. Wade, of company B, frst bat Eve dean ordered before tie Doand ot eae —— ‘Written for Tux Evaxixe Stam Shopping Before Christmas. (Clear as crystal vase and fair, The world hae that within that shines Like rick aud rare Burrundy wines, (A Drittle flast the soul confiues) Byirit of old unprisoned there. An tn the air, alive and brisk, Lacessautly the atoms roll, Each pushing individual soul Aumming at a particular goal, Is Bound to “get there” at all risk. But what s bustle, what astir! Trade, ke « spider, throws its lines, A mesb, 8 network of “desiens” Over the shopper's world that shines ‘To cateb the unwary purchaser. ‘The ladies, beautiful or plain, Oft look and linger, making stops At dry goods’ counters, avd toy shops, buying e“borse” or lollypops Fur master Brook, or Sarah Jane. ‘There's wives thet won't. and wives that will Got sesiakin sacques, but every vue, Fach daughter, and each mother's son, Will something have—when all is done, “Poor Pape” has to foot the bill, And many schemes of iris and bos Will mise of carry. some look wise, And planning still anew saryrise, Are fail of plot cunsyiracie ‘Tocapture “doliies,” hearts, and toys. ‘The favored blond, oF clear bravetts Je certatn thet the day will bring er gifts galore. she's “in the miu.” And, wayle poate “you seifish thing.” Af younger sister prove the pet. ‘Bug fet and last, one thing is clear: All hesrts in tune and mowise sad, Jake chinsug bella are werry-med, May you ve w! the world is wind. That Christus comes but cucea year! Dee. 2, 1887. —Jous Savane. as ordered his | james'S. Rae- | Ue“ Trticles | 0: transacting business oF giving any informa. | HOW TO MAKE MONEY. An Industry that the Government Jeal- ously Nonepelizes. WHERE GREENBACKS AND BANK-NOTES ARE MADE— THE BUREAU OF ENGRAVING AND PHINTING AND ITS BRANCHES—CUBCKS TO PREVENT UNAUTHOR- IZED INFLATION OF THE CURRENCY. Why not? At t@us time, when every one would like to spend just a iew dollars more than he has in his pocket, why could not the swart pressmen atthe Bureau of Engraving and Printing work over time alittle and print a few hundred mil- Uons (or general circulation, to be speat on the sacred houor of every citizen, only for turkeys and toys, and beautiful gifts for loved ones. If the Money one of those inky printers makes every UUme he gives a turn to the long levers of hts press was exchanged for turkeys at current rates there Would be enough turkeys, if strung together, to extend from the Printing Bureau to the White House, and all the presamen working together might rival Puck in putting @ girdle of turkeys around the earth. Some reflections of this kind Milled the mind of a Stag reporter, as he stood at oneendof the vast printing room of the large building, Just south of tbe monument grounds, and looked down the long lines of plate-printing presses, with thetr busy attendants all intent or making mouey. One would think from the tn- dustry of tue scores of men and women, and the growing stacks of money beside each that Some grand scheme of inflation was belng carried out. tals labor is Detog performed simply co repair the waste, Une daily destruction going on in the paper money of the country. Not only will the Government not permit any extra mouey to be printed for Chrtstinas distribd- on, but it does not even allow these printers to Strike off now and then a few extra sheets for Voemselves, It Wid not even let one of them take the plates and some of the paper he works with 10 hs Lome and doa little printing for himyeit out of OMice hours. This may seem 4a little hard on its face, but When oa€ tiinks of the didicul ury officials would have in keeping currency of tue country if each plate allowed to go into printing res self, there seem vo be very good grounds Tule. Occasionally citizens who are dissaliatied Trith the ivberal spirit shown by the Government in tis reapeot engrave plates for theinseives, act up printing establishments, and make attempts to produce flush times by increasing the circulation. ‘he Government, however, suppresses all such laud- able undertakings with a strong hand. HOW THE GOVERNMENT GUARDS ITS CURRENCY. ‘The cheeks with which the Government sur- rounds the making of paper money begin at one end of the line at the paper mill, where the dis- Unetive paper on which notes and reve! are priated. and at the other end in | room, where skilled engravers are Ang out designs upon piates of stecL. of tue blank paper has to be accounted for and it is guarded as yas it already |eretereters Se aeees | Kept im the paper room Of the ‘Treasury and is issued In Quantities ag required by the force un- | der Mr. EO. Graves, the Culef of the Bureau of | Engraving and Printing. ‘The little bits of steel on Which the engravers work are also carefully guarded. An official of the Treasury Department Fecelves them from the engravers every evening ‘nd locks them in strong vaults. ‘The next moro- ing they are taken out again and the engravers resuine their work upon them. In these vaults— there are two of them—the T7easury Department | bas thousands of plates und ‘steel rolls, used in Printing Money ani stamps of Various kinds. The Yaults are, for couventence sake, located in the Engraving and Printing building, but they are not Under the Supervision of that bureau. When the | bureau needs a plate out of the collection, It bor- rows it frou the Treasury Department has | togive receipt for it. plates requited for | use are borrowed every moruing returned | every evening. | | Jt ls tm the Bureau of Sngraving and Printing | that the paper, the engraving, aud tue ink come | together, and With the ald oc ‘usanual skill and | mechanical appilances are transmuted into the Gouars tbat the American people are commouly Tepresented as struggling for with much avidity. RECKIVING THE PAPER. Up in the third story, to which Tue Stan re- porter was conducted by an oMficial of the bureau, 4s the room where the paper is received. A portion Of the room 1s divided from the rest by a high iron net-work railing. _ Clerks are busy at desks and a number of young women are there raplaiy count- lng sheets of paper. Just asthe reporver enters two large cases are roiled In on trucks. ‘These con- tain paper, for which a requisition had been made om the Treasury. The requisition, written on blanks prepared for the purpose, contained many svems, euch stating the number of sheets wanted and What tuey Were wanted for. The sheets are ounted and & careful revord made of the whole trausacuon. The Paper 1s then moistened by being piled in stacks with alternate layers of wet <loua, From this division of the bureau the paper 4s tsnued to the plate printers, who make requisi- tion for it as required by them. Each plate printer has @ young woman as @ helper. The helper comes for the paper, signs a receipt for tt, and has Lo certity that ahe lias received the required uum- Der of sheets. She Las to count the sheets in order to certify to this, and the plate printer has to cer- tly that he withewed the count. so It Is known exactly how many sheets each printer has in 1s possession, and be has to account before leaving be buiidiug for every one. If for any rea- son he leaves the building betore nis day's work is done he has to get a pass-card ‘with ® formidable array of signatures on it, before it will be honored at the door, This card nas blank spaces in waich are flied in numbers show- ing the amount of paper taken out, the ainount of work done, and the number of sheets returned. It has to De'signed by the clerk of the wetting divi- sion, by an examining clerk, and by others who verify tue figures. ‘When the helper has obtained the paper from the wetting room she takes it with Ler to tbe | prinung room, and unless oue is watching her closely “she 18 Soon lost to view ip the busy throng THE FRINTIXG ROOM. The large apartment where the presses are at Work takes up nearly the whole third floor. By each press is @ plate-printer, with arms bared to | the shoulder and stained to the elbows with ink. | At the other side of the press ts the girl who helps | him. The work of the printer requires much physteal exeruon, and tue constantly and rapidly moving AbOUL around the presses «dds a | fascinating antination to the scene. ‘Tne press of the ordinary pattern has a flat platiorm called the lank,” that toand fro under the rollers. ris platform 13 of heavy metal, and the motive | power is the Drawn and muscle of the printer, who sends the platform back and forth by giviug | @ turn to one of the four large levers or “cross | hendies” ‘that radiate like tne spokes of m Wheel on One side of the press. When the platforms | 10 which the plate 1s attached comes back tothe | printer after an impression is made the printer coversthe nurrace of wie plate with ink by passing & ball Bl pI roller overit. tis required that the tnk only the lines cut into the steel, So, with a rapid movement With a swab of clouPthe printer wipes off the superfluous tuk. ‘Then with Bis bands he | ¥0e8 rapidly over the plate, rupbing the ink into | The and, Snally, with'a tralued and deucate | fouen ‘the surface of the plate. Ail this 43 done by skilled men so quick.y that the girl belper bas hardy te to take from Une stack of | paber at her side a tres sueet of paper and adjust | it om the roller ready for another im 2. | Then the printer gives a turn to one of the big | spokes. The plattorm under the roller, } Witch leaves the printed sheet on the ‘plate; ths girl Lifts the sueet off, rapidiy scrutinizes it and | deftiy places it on the evepiy stacked pile of sheets | already, pried, and the platiorm returns auto- fuatically 0 its first position, and receives new deluge of ink on its return." This constantly re ee og tally | against bam. “Attached to each press, locked up in ase, 1S @ register that makes an inexorable | record’ of every impression taken. A clerk bus the | Key that unlocks tue case and reveals the secrets | of the register. The printer not only has to ac- count for every sheet of paper he receives, Dut for every tm; taken ou bis press. He might otherwise take ap lunpression on paper of his own, OLD AND NEW-PASHIONED METHODS. ‘There are still in use in the bureau some presses of old pattern that are not far removed in me- chanical development from the press used in the F Hay qi 4 dice ia § ‘of this press ts returned to tomatic arrangement of springs, wut Where Lie plate comes to rest of g yurners that the plate. ‘Thus inter saved the labor of detaching the plate ana placing 1 upou the gas stove, and can accomplish more wi ‘THE STEAM PRESSES. Another advance ia the mechanical arrange- ment of presses 1s represented fuveen MULL gan steam presses now in operation in the bureau. Plate-printers have regarded the introduction of i= mi F id Hi E 3 FY § Eee ca BY fee E Fie i 4 W fear than the Milligan press. This press} Wdo away with the plate printer f = ao | wi fe St the exalted to accomplish the polishing, as well as the inking, | ing dor one of these holes into the dark ritten for Tae EvENine too dim to read by, 4p x iP tid ping prom, wen ato | PaReninSee Tac cine as epee | "OME MECOLLRCTIONS OW MIR. LAN. | Sain 3 aint ata 3 an in i to which have beea ‘applicd & series of roilers, op- | ineans of round lid or cover, Wheo COLN like an honest farmer of the West, went upstairs iste, then wipe | money us broughs in tt ts dumped down, for & candie, and brought it down bimse! ‘them, then rub the sur- face, amd leaving the ink only 1p engraved nes. A gitlis emj to feed the press and a | omg Uo attend it. In case such come into use It 18 claimed that one could attend to several presses at atime. The impres- cyetet ay eccentiton, a the stons made by these : are still Phite printers say tat ne mechanical Spp say th: Cap be'as effective as the trained hand and eye of a prinier, who, with unerring touch, swittly de fects and corrects the errors of the ink-roller, working the ink with his hands into the engraved In the pressroom upstairs 167 band- Presses and 18 steam-presses Were at work. Some of the presses were printing money of. different Kinds, Others were printing revenue stamps, Some printers were Con, ll se the backs and others the taces of Four notes are printed at ing the When the last priacer terouga the red seal of the Treasury and ‘and the numbers, however, could be 7 Jordan's Casily countertelted. Until Treasurer, Jordan's jow the sealand num- and there, ‘the urs Mr. Graves, the chiet of ‘the bureau, is introduotag, ts the yhting of the pressroom with incandescent electric lights, ‘aaftough she Dullding ts well pro- vided ‘windows, the printers at Work at a distance from the Windows find she light in- sufMictent on days when the gun ts obscured. Gas Us are objectionable on account of tbe iotoler- heat made tn connection with thegas-hesters. ‘THE RXAMINIXG DIVISION. From the press-room the work goes down to the examining-room on the floor below. Here the sheets are subjected to a series of counts and ex- aminations. ‘The first examiners throw out every Mhege ‘rejected. shecte are again examined. by ese reject Another yet of examiners, who retain all the sheets that will pass a liberal ‘Inspection or that can be made preventabie by alittle touching up. ‘The sheets, When they come to Ubis division, are still damp, and after the frst count they aré turned over to a man In chargeof the drying racks. Ech package has to have on tt, in addition to the name of the printer and the Various counters through Whose Rands 1t bas passed, the Initial made with @ red pencil of the person who calls out to another per. fou keeping tue books the nawe of the printer and The number of sheets lp the package. If thisinittal 43 not on the ‘the rack man will not receive it. ‘This ts a precaution adopted to make sure that Ule printer receives proper credit for his work. ‘When the drying racks are Slied they are rolled {nto a drying room, an apartment where the tem- perature ts Kept up to. 100 degrees LY means of swam coils, ‘The sheets remain here over night, under lock and key, and closely guarded. The next day they are Drought out again aod again counted, Up to this timo tne work of each rinter is kept by iteelf. Now the packages, hiv. {ig been examined, are broken. up’ and Fe-sor ed into new packages of the required number. ‘The sheets are rumpled and crinkly from the effecis of molstening. ‘io cure this they are subjecte1 to hydrauile pressure, and come out as stuooth as sili. “From this examining division the Treasury and bunk notes, four oo a sheet, go to a room Where women are operating machiues that trim the edges or margins of the sheet. PERFORATING STAMPS. Revenue stamps go to an upartment in the base- ment, where girls are at work with perforating machines. The sheets are passed rapidly under a roller, and come out With the perforated lines that enabie the stamps to be easily separated one from anower, The fevenue stamps, afer being perforated, are done up in packages of a thousal sheets euch and delivered to the oftice of the Com- tnlssioner of Internal Revenue. Last summer the bureau printed 1,000,000 cigarette stamps a day to ineet the demabd. Euch stamp represented a package of ciyareites. | Tue number, however, jas for some reason fallen off. ‘The bureau, too, can tell when the great American throat thirsts for beer by the tncrease ia the demand for beer stamps. In one division of the bureau numbering ma- chines are at work operated by women. 1 machines rapidly print numvera on checks or slamps requiring consecutive numbera Tuere Is 2D ingenious contrivance on the tule press or stamp by which the type ls changed automatically 0 the numbers come Out In consecutive 0. der. ‘Attuched to the bureau also ts # snail butiding where certain revenue stamps and forms of Treas- ury cheeks of drafts are bound in volumes of con- vement size, In the bagement are a number of ordinary Hoe presses, for the bureau bas consider. nting Of theordiuary chara:ter todu. some s Printing 1s done from plates engraved in re- ‘The number of Danks, printed on the back of dank-Dotes, 8 printed in this way on a common preas. i al able oru Met, ‘THE ENGRAVING DIVIBION. A division of the bureau that most visitors are interested in is that on tue iain floor where the engravers are at work, Thisis a larye and well- hued apartment. A quiet reigns here that seems ifnoet oppressive after one has spent an hour or two in the din and rattle of the press-rooms, By cach window Iss large groundflass shade, and sitting beneath it in a dttie stall is an engraver. Af one 1s permitted to look over the shoulder of the ‘engraver he Will see him with burin in band bend- ing over a small plate of steel cutung out the fine lines and dots that grow at last intu a delicately- shaded picture. One ls engaged on portraits, an- other on vignettes, and others upon lettersor nu. merala, and designs of different kinds. The work of different engravers 18 brought together to make the design of a bank note, stamp, bond, or other paper issued by the Governinent Upon watch we engraver's skill may be employed. Noone engraver inakes the entire design or executes all the work onanote, When a as been agreed uj it 1s pecessary Lo bring the different parts op one plate. This is done by & process of trans. the parts are arranged ih ayiummetricdl order upon u Sure ‘ay mame! ler upon a plate. The flat piece of swel upon which the cograver works 1s, when he bas faished his task, hardened as steel tools are tempered and hardened. A Toll Of soft steel 18 then over this under REVAL pressure, and the dealyn is transferred tn re. fief upon the roiler. ‘The rolier is in turn hardened ‘und pasved over a softened plate of sult.ble size, which Tecetves the design in intagilo. ‘This pro- cess 18 ted until all the parts have been transt in their proper oruer to one flat plate, ¥rom this plate a roll can be obtained, having in. relief upon its surface the whole design. ‘This roll Ueing hardened cap reproduce the design upon flat plates in theory, at leust, a often aa may be de sired. "In pructt 3 juctions gradually come less sharply ‘detined. AN UNERKING ENGRAVER, ‘There is an engraver that works in a small room. adjoining that where the portrait and vignette engravers sit. This engraver has muscles and Uat engraves the delicate web-| terns in Leautifti curves and andalatious, Lice "aome fairy lace work, which Oa the face of notes sur- rout ihe numeral represent ‘nomina- Uon of tie nove. Each iminuve cutve or ver with real Drains crazy. The little plate ‘pon witch the devign is evened 1s a wa 1aovable bed that keeps it 1n Deneath the OTHER BRANCHES OF THE WORK. ‘There are other divisions of the office engaged different branches of work connected Printing of money. In the basement Hf In A : i a E 3 ‘on the upper floor ‘De wool used in swat i A TRE elf FE ae 5 i ki ; i i 5g q i i i “ i HH i E i i ape i Bike he fiz fi ie Fe i 4 ive F at £ 3 iF " i FE i toone of these cylinders, A committec, of the different has & y = H fF fi nds of old noves, Placed 1a a oyifuger ata time, and w incely fortune 18 chu! Dut a pulpy mase in a night, BE ‘The Views of = Veteran Dealer upon the Present Situation, 1873 and 1874,” remarked a veteran real estate dealer to a Stan reporter to-day. “In what respect?” asked Tax Stan map. “Because in these years," was the reply, “the market became dull and inaciive after a period of unusual movement, Beginning in the year 1871 Washington experienced what was known as a Teal estate boom, and prices advanced to what were regarded us astounding figures. ‘There was nodoubt @rapid and great apprectatiou 1n values during those jut since then the advance has gone tar Deyond the wildest dreams of the most sanguine Operators, and the advance at that time would wet be cosaidered mush of & boom now. But it was then. Propet jor to 1870 was jously, ‘heap, and B about the city nded with that standard, Fae fauure of the cfiy_ was m by DO Means assured, und It was a straggling, poor-looking place. It do¢s not require the ‘mind Of @ prophet to see now that this city is destined to be a great metropolis, wortliy of the capital of a great nation. ‘What I was going to call your attention to,” he continued, “is to some points of resemblance be- tween the dull mes that followed the boom of 1871 and the present condition of affairs, Then there was but little demand for property, and in some parts of the city there were vacant’ houses, But prices were not affected. Values remained the same. There was but little movement, at the same Ume property Was not sacrificed, The cir cumstances at present are very similar, We are experiencing a quiet and rather stagnant market, Dut property is not being thrown upon the market. £48 You can’t buy pi , whetuer improved OF un- improved, for any less than you could six monthsor ayear ago. Purchasers seem to be able to hoid on to what they bave, and there 1a uo loss of confidence. ‘The reaction that has taken place is the natural effect of the period through which we have passed, and when tt ls considered that sunilar conditions exist in nearly ail parts of the country from the same causes, there is no wonder that the money market 1s suimewhat tight. Wile large sums of money have been taken olit of active circulation and tavegted in unimproved property during the past few years, there 1s a great deal tuat has been used in the erection of new houses. It may be that the buliding has been overdone. At any rate there are quite a number of vacant house. throughout the city, Which fact can no doubt be attributed in part to that cause. T consider that the outlook ts food aud that the general tendency of real estate ‘upward and uot fn the other direction.” BUILDING SMALL HOUSES. ‘The number of houses of moderate rent for families in moderate circumstances is increasing Taphly in this city. The tenement system has never obtained much of a foothold here, and as a Tule each family occupies an entire house. The Fents range irom $6 Uo $12 per month, and it is possible for a man with a very lmlied invome to Prov.de a house for his family. Some people pre- fer to live in close Quarters, abd {t 18 not unusual to find @ house that 1s occupied by more than one samlly. A very comfortable new brick house con- taining Ove room can be rented for $10 to $12 pet month, While the reat of frame houses is less. The number of smail houses 15 consiantly tocreasing. In the southern part of tie city on several squares east and West of South Capitol street many rows Of houses of this character are in course of erec- tion or have Just been completed, ‘These timprove- ments are uot contined Lo one quarter of the city, however, but may be found in ali sections, Where the ground has advanced very much in value, the character Of the houses change somewhat, for a higher rent can be obtained, and they are occu- pled by a class of tenants wilo are apt to be par. Ucular about outside appearances. In the eastera portion of the city many stall houses are being erected. No doubt when the pro} street rali- road lines are laid down many other localities Will be rapidly developed in thin way. HOMES OF THE CABINET MINISTERS, Mr. Don M, Dickinson, who has been nominated as Postmaster-General, will maintain the reputa- Uon of the present cabinet and will live in hand. some style in this city. As has been mentioned in ‘TAE Stan, he has leaséd tue furnished residence of Paymaster Bacon, fronting on the south side of Farragut Square. "The house ts brick, with brown- stone trimmings, and is built in a very substantial manner. It adjJo.ns the residence of Judge Cox of the District court, while on tue adjoining square on the east are located the handsome homes of Mr. W. W. Corcoran and the late George W. Riggs, Directly opposite and across tue park are the resi dences of the Russian minister and Senator Stan- ford, while on each side are the elegant homes of people well known tn octal and omicial circles the West of Mr. Dickinson's new home 1s I street, between 17th and Isth streets, where nearly all thé houses are What would now ‘be called old fashioned, but there have been erected in recent Years a number of flne modern residences, and there 1s an air of fashion and wealth about the locality. Secretary Whitney occuples one of these old-fashioned double houses, which was remodeled for his use. A ball room was added on tu the rear and the house is now admirably adapted to enter- taiming. Secretary Faircnlid occuples his own house in this city, but it 1s in th vicinity of Du- pout Circle. ft hus an old-fashioned ap ce, ‘Uough it bas only been built a few years. It is & new house built after an old-time design. The house ig large with ample rooms, and is well arr for social Secretary Endicott lives in the house of ex-Senator Pendleton on 16th street just above Scott Circle. Like the Tesidences of his associates of the Cabinet who have been mentioned, tt 18 ‘and elegantly appoluted. ‘The other members of the Cablnet live in @ more modest style, altuough Postimaster- General Vilas occupies ‘a handsome house on M street near Thomas Circle, while Secretary Ba ard resides Within a stone-turow on Highland Place, TUE BRICK INDUSTRY. ‘The manufacture of bricks ts becoming quite an extensive industry in this District, A tew years go one company and some private yards fur. nlahed all the brick used tn the erection of the pub- Ue bulldings and private houses. Now there are four companies and at least a dozen individuals or firms engaged in te business. Some of the latter nake ‘and their ery large proportions, It is estimated that the cotal annual output of r in Chis city and vicinity 43 fully 75,000,000. A large amount of capital and agreat maby men are employed, and latest aru prowounced "be of high grads. ‘fas art 8 ne clay, high ts found 1m great quantitics on the Virgin's side of the river and on the Eastern Branch, tg well, making. The character’ of the Producing & class of brick equal bonny sos equal 10 Phat is What architects and Dulld- panies make feventy different varieties of hers are ricks in the suape of designs of various ‘upon the surface. “It is common for an tbe of-bricks in ‘uliing of speci desigus to Re of s made from drawings, Believe in Man, Believe in man, nor turn away. ohiman advauces year by Year, ine beary hit sphere Of life umuet broaden day by day Believe in man with large belief, Tati proutsetrorninese and fell oeane oral bie empty chad end sheat Believe in man with proud belict— ‘Truths Ly the atin of her ops back at hima, perpetual” 2° ‘that this or that Senne 5 ‘Trath Keeps the bottom of her well ‘Fear not for man, nor cease to delve For ovgl sweet truths with lef, ‘hese tarned out » thie» oice, ‘Miss Grace H. Dodge, of this city, who was re- {oiumeSterertany stormauon tt weggenons ‘Let thé stomach rest partot und tene and not constant nil ‘Of TUL, cake oF candy, beep ie ‘work with really to work arene ena Ie ut aoc pu pin i alt i a i i ‘TEE TEWNEASER CASE—TACT IN GETTING AROUND 08- STACLES—A WHITE HOUSE INTERVIEW—REFUSES 4 REQUEST FROM HIB SISTRR-IN-LAW—LINCOLM AT THE SOLDIER'S HOME. As it im order to recall personal recollections of the wit and wisdom of Mr. Lincoln, I venture to offer you some of my own experiences in that way. It was my privilege, during his presidency, to have had several interviews with Mr. Lincoln; and as actenstic. Of all public men it pas been my for. ‘tune to encounter he was the least pretentious, ‘the most frank, cordial, and approachable. I begin by relating the circumstances attending my last interview with him. It was on the 19th day of October, 1864. I was at the time connected with the Datly Chronicle, of this city, and in the absence of Col. Forney, was requested to call on the President to hear his views in regard to tne condition of affairs in Tennessee. It will be re- membered that Andrew Johnson was military gov- ernor of that State; that he and his lite-long politi- cal opponent, Wm. G. Brownlow, had come to terms on the Dasisof a common hatred of seces- wait tly abate ae Brae teeiny oy Sed mee one a the ‘object J view of retorming or regen ing the state aa by the election of county om- cers, In revolutionary times a conformity with laws cannot be maintained. ty govern- ments were indispensable, and the Union Seaders gf gl Si eae tees oak een Fe eases ea admitted from their known ‘character as Unionist and representative men. Many delegates were in- toreepted or prevented froma by an inop- Portune raid of the revel General But Uhe convention met, and proceeded to business, After providing for the reorganization of the coun- Hes by an ordinance which embraced ainost strin- “arching test oat! voters, they pro- ceeded to nominate Mr. Lincoln for re-election to the presidency, with Gov. Johnson for vice presi. dent, and to put forth au electoral ticket, ‘They adopted a resolution calling on Gov. Johnson to order an election, and appoint the registrars of Voters and superintendents of the pola He promptiy complied with their wishes; and in bis proclamation defined the qualifications of as follows: *-Ail citizens and soldiers, being free, white men, twenty-one years of uge, citizens of the United States, and for'six months prior to the Clection, citizens of the State of Tennessee, who have qualified themselves by _registra- tion, and who take the oath — prescribed in the foregoing resolution shall be entitled to Vote.” The oath, besides the usual declarations in Support of the Constitution and laws of the United States, required a renunciation of all sympathy with the so-called Confed-rate States; an ardent desire for tue suppression of the rebeilion; sincere Tejoicing at the success of the Union arms; thor- ough opposition te all armistices and negotiations With rebels in arms, and hearty support of the Constitution and ait iaws aud proclamations made i pursuance thereor, with a pledge of aid and as- sistance in carrying Sut ait measures of Govern. at may be ado] the attainme: ties en ypted ment of he friends of Gen. McClellan sent a delegation sree to, appeal to, the resident vo ese ings, and especially the regu- lation presenbing the qialineations” of ‘vous, ne wi ey showed to be Ii i Which thay uconsistent with the ursuance of the Constituuion. It Will be noticed that the test oath not merely Fequired voters to swear to their allegiance, but to their sentiments aud wishes, which, thougn Undowal, Was doubLiess Justifiable under’ the cir- cumstances, But the requirements of a pledge in advance that they would heartily approve all measures of Government cannot be. Justified. However, unis Was @ delicate question for gentle- men of disputed loyaity to. moot, and they. let it alone. It may become necessary to eat crow, Dut Yorequire a man to swear that he is fond of row ig loo bara, It was at this of the proceed- Ing, before the President had given his answer to the comunittee, that I'saw him. It was bis custom Wo recelve people Who called on private business in th afternoon, I went at that hour. Iwas told by the secretary that & number of persons were Walling for an audience, aud that 1 had better Gall agalo. | However, ab T had been sent for, I Went in, and found, perhaps, twenty ns Walling their turns to speak with the President. I ook a seat in tne rear, Invending to be the last to fo, forward. | He dispatched them rapidiy, ‘but indi, and in @ toue of Voice which could only be eard "Uy the pare sarees, Fis 1 recognized Ark O1 breeding, though proceedit from a rall-spitter, for nothing 1s, wore painful to modest person, when asking A favor, than to pe is business proclaimed a8 from the house SOMRTHIXG LINCOLN COULD NOT DO. I had observed a lady in deep mourning, sitting Off to herself as if waiting for others to reure be- fore presenting hr petition, She wore a thick vell; Dut as she sometimes had occasion to remove it, I Could see that she was very handsome. When all others had gone up, been heard, and had passed eps went forward. Mr. Usher, the Secretary ot the Interior, had, in Che meantime, come in; and we could hear the disiressed and tremulous tones of ner voice, as she addressed the President. He beard her patiently for some time; she was proba- Diy persistent in pressing her suit; and this caused him, taking her hand, as they rose up, to say, loud enough for us to hear, “No, Emny, I cannot do that. I cannot do that. 1t would’ ruin me. It would ruin me. But come again. I will see if I can do something for you.” ‘She then retired. He came forward to meet us, and inquired if we knew Uthat lady. We told him we did not. He said: “That is my wile’s sister, Her husband, a Confederate general, was recently killed in battle, aud she has come to'ask of tae the privilege of crossing the lines, in order to purchase cotton.” It Was apparent, frot tue circ Uhat she Was not a guest of tne White House, Mr. Usher soon ret when I informed the President that I had called, in obedience to his re- quest, to hear what he had to say about the Ten- Bessee Imbrogiio, But he commenced talking of the events of the war, He said that half a dozen things: had troubled him during the day, and he didu’t know what he shouid have done but for the good news from Sheridan, who had achieved a vic- ory tn the Virginia valivy. This event, of which ne had beard by telegram, put him in fae Spirits, He had much tosay about the South. I belog a North Carolinian, be never failed, when I met vo ask me about the slate of pubilc sentiment nore ee wo eet thattl ‘Was a: nion feeilog among the Southern peopie, and es- pecially among those of North Carolina. "He had much to say about Messrs. Toombs and ‘Stephens, of Georgia, with whom he served in Congress, trom 1847 to 1849. They were all Whigs tuen, and he cherished a very kind recol- lection Of them—repeated some of Mr. Toombs’ stories, and mepuoned the a be had had with Mr. Stephens, after the ideotial elec- on, in 1860; and afer the remarkable 5] ch of ‘(ual gentieman before the legisiature of og = eo — war Mr. i mergd ublished a simile correspont Ly work ‘the Constitution. a PLOWING AROUND IT. Tat length said I reared I was taking up too much of his valuable time, and reminded him of the Tennessee affair. But he paid litue attention to the interruption and continued to talk on about ‘the South. I will add that neither on this occa- sion nor at other times, when I had the honor of conversing With Mr. Lincoln, although the Soutn Was the Line od topic, did he ever utter an un- Adnd sentiment about avy southern man. When I again reminded him of the matter regardiug Ten- nessee, he said he had thought {t over and had come to the conciusion to do as Gov. Key! of Tiunots, did when he was farming 1a Seine Clair County, He found a large, crooked, gnarled log in ‘@ wet piece of ground, which wouid neither split nor burao, He hesitated for several days as to What he would do with it. At length be decided to plow around it. Acting on this principle, three days later, the Preaident Informed ‘the uulemen that he could not interfere; that the Fresident of the Unived States uad uc 'aurtoney toregulate elections in the states; and that tue was, when called on, to inter- madd the preservation of peace and order. loreover, if a vole were it would pot be him to decide whether it be counted, ove wan persapa in it was, ‘PS, casion Wo call op the President the late Rev. Win. H. Channl: ‘year 1862 u in who at the Unwn., replied that there was doubtless deal of latent Union sentiment in North “put, Mr. President, you should not believe the stories published by— — (naming iia}, whom ‘and whose ‘annual progresses over the country, nor to enjoy a side. ‘The {noessant conflict of arms during his BE; a3 Eee ‘ i i i is i { E : and, holding 1t tn one hand and Uke printed letter in the other, her, ures of Dr. reading the manuscript of the Vicar of Wakeneld, the dent read the letter to us with the greatest zest. PAaerm, cuiitied “Why should Mortal Man’ be ‘Was said to be a favorite with Mr. Lin- WISHED HIS WORE WAS DONE, G STAR: WASHINGTON. D.C., SATURDAY, DECEMBER 24, 1887-TWELVE PAGES. BOOKs FOR CLERKS Agrrant. But Mr. Lincoln, | Department Libraries and What They Contain. HOW THEY WERR ReTARLISHED AND WHY THEY WAVE PROSPERED—VALUABLE COLLECTIONS ON ScI- RNTIFIC AND TRCNICAL SUBJECTS—BETTER 4COOM- MODATIONS NEKDED. “Department libraries are great institutions,” said Librarian Fitzgerald, of the War Department Thad the honor of being appointed by Mr. Lin | ibrary,toa Stax reporter. “They give the of- coln, in 1882, as one of the three commissioners | Acials and clerks a chance to improve their leisure under the etnancipation act to pay the people of | time with profitable reading and form valuable the District of Columbia for thetr slaves, It Was a | sources of reference on. tmportant questions We ‘Work of go littie labor and responsibility, and we | nave here,” waving his hand toward the great were nearly nine mouths incompleting it, Our re- | shelves that Mill a lange room op the third Moor of port was returnable to the Secretary of the Treas- ‘ry, Dut in the absende of Mr. Chaée at the time my coll (Hom, Hopetio King, Dr. Jno. M. the Department building, ‘about 18,000 volumes, Ancluding 2.200 law books, 4000 in generet Liter- wy colicarwes (enn Hogi Wing De. 708M. | Ste ana a large number of magecioes ane clerk, Mr. Woodward, upon the and an- periodicals, Besides, there is a number of execu- President, ounce the conclusion of our labors. He'received | tive documents and reports not included in this es- us pleasantly, and said he was “glad to know at somebody had finished "and hat “wished his work was done.” Daytet R. Goopon. CHRISTMAS SHOPPING. im the Crowds of the Metropolis, To the Editorof Taz Evexine Stan: ‘Your readers, of the sterner vex at least, who en- | room then, Umate, This library was given a great impetus, in fact really begun, by Joe! Poinsett, who was Secre- tary of Warduring Van Buren’s administration, in 1837, and It has gradually grown Co its present ex. teut! During the war the Iibr Ty room, In Une old War Departiment buliding, Was used as telegraph Office, abd Lincoln and Seward used to come over here ‘to wait for the latest dispatches from the frontier. That old clock up tere,” pointing to an old-fashioned dial on the wall .bove, “was tu the \J bo doubt many a tule have those Joy nothing more than a rap at ladies’ proclivities | tWO stood and waited for the hours t roll bs, in general and their shopping methods in particu- While the Ucks Of Che instruments told the story of the achievements and losses of the forces in the lar, may find the enclosed letter from # young | South. Oren nowadays do promiuent retired off- Washington lawyer, sent on a shopping expedi- | cers come in bere to read, and it is not uncommon tion in New York, a subject of some interest, J. M. B. | tO see quite a gathering of war heroes * «It is now 2 o'clock, and I have just back to the ofice, which {eft at 11, to maton that Sik. AU every place I had just to stand In the door ‘and be swept in with the tide; there was no use for even Sullivan to attempt to force his way through crowd of ladies. f am not ui mut I would rather beat a political meeting with 4n adry-goods store with the Christmas: New York. Why people are more polit crowd 30 inuch getting intoa Bowery these ladies do. “If they see anything they w int wo look at across the store, do they wait an _ tunity to go across? Never! With their They say when Norway rats tons that nothing sto rivers, and overcome all obstacies in their way. If Norway rats want “‘polnts” let them go into a dry- ‘than | Drary exclusive! ‘of | attention ts p ‘on | the lit the article to see tnat it doesn’t move, they start, | Credit is on their migra- | the great heme but chat tuey swim | hd growth or ube library.” ‘over books or quietly chatting with each other. WHAT THE SURLVES CONTAIN. “We are particularly strong in works of refer- ence, and especially on military topics,” he con- tinued, “While tt is not our aim to make this ll- professional, yet a great deal of to such subjects as are of value And interest to military men. ABOUL 2,000 people mater as | have access to the shelves. for Grawing bovke und strangers are at liberty to come here to read. Books are drawn on Wednesdays and Saturdays, and open for reference throughout Ube week, jue to Mr. tne chief clerk, for interest that he has taken in the welfare In the law library, a small room to the east of the main room, there isa case containing about, Foods, store, and they will realize how littie ‘they ity fac similes of medals presented to heroes of now about drawing bee-lines. If it was only on~ lady waiking without know- tng where, she was going, there would, be some chance for a person, but place ts doing the saihe thing, and every ane a fat woman, too, {t 1 almost the most uncom*oriable position imaginable, for every one of them, When she runs against some one else, thinks it the other person's fault, and glares at the unfortunate until ‘when every one in the | mounted by the war of 1812 and the Revolution, Oueof une treasures of the brary ts the Brady collection ot War photographs. which are velag prinved and ¢ War Records office froin the plates Purehased by the Government at a lange expense. THE WAR RECORDS have been published as far as and including the Dineteenth volume, making, with the added parts ‘she runs Into another, aud then turns her attention | 10 Some of the volumes, 28 books. Of each of these to the new victim until still another is found. At O'Nei's 1 met» jolly old gentieman with gray 11,000 coptes have been distributed by the itbrary according to act of Congress. “These 11,000 are halr matehing sflk for his daughter, and ordering | divided as follows: To the Executive Deparuments, it sent up town. He said to me, “You're rather | 1,000; to officers of the Amay and contributors to Young to be in such a position.” { suid, “¥ it Lwas your age I would know better.” = but Weil,” he said, “I say every Ume J won't do it again, but | Representatives and delevat 11s always ‘30 convenient’ for me to stop way down and have the goods sent up.” This, You understand, was purest sarcasin, Getting out ts the same as golng In. You get on the ouis.de edge of a funnel-shaped crowd that con verges toward the door, aud are sucked into It like | publi a whiripool, until fou And yourself being pusied Ubrough thé funnel end, and “tt being low water, you go out with the ude.” Wagsninoton, D. C., Dec, 22, 1887. = woo Shakespeare ve. Baron, To the Editor of Tux Evesiwe STAR: Within the past few years there has been a re- vival of the Shakespeare-Bacon controversy. At present, here in America at least, Win. Ignatius Donnelly seems to be the champion on the Bacon side of the case, ¢.., if we may thus refer to the situation, For the ‘Bacon interest, this contro very has been pushed. ‘There ts no lack of cuam- pions ior the Shakespeare side; his admirers are Rot, however, pushing anyclaim; indeed there 1s no ‘call for amy active or aggressive warture on thelr part. Their hero has stood beiore the world for more than two and a hall centuries. He was not unknown to the best men of his day, and by them acknowl to be at least a peer, in a gal- Axy Of superior ‘minds in an age that ‘produced many wonderful men. Mr. Donnelly butlds bus argument on two ideas; tne one, that Shak was ignorant, too ignorant to’ be the author of such productions; the other, that Bacon has left an old copy of the playy a Key vo bis claims. tn the rs place Shakespeare Was not so ignorant as Mr. Donnelly woud attempt to prove. He says Shakespeare was a butcher's boy; thea he assumes that as a butcher's boy he’ must have been very coarse nd ignorant. such reasoning is well wortuy of the subject. If, as stuuents of nature, we will but exercise our memory, and use our powers of observation, we will readily see mauy examples In ancient ‘and modern thines wherein worthy parents are forced tw occupy some humble position in life. Never- theless they have superior mental ability, and Uhis fs reproduced tn their offspring. On the Same line of reasoning, Mr. Lincoln couid never have produced the tmimortal G-ttysburg speech; that honor should be conferred the great orator, scholar and statesman, Edward Everett. The Umes are c Row; but suppose Abraham Liucoin and Edward Bverett had met on some siuflar occasion two hundred and nity or three hundred years ago; in the ight of suca reasoning where would ME: Lincoln stand to-day? Frum ail we learn of Shakespeare he Was very indifferent to fame; while Bacon Was one of the most jealous courtiers tbat ever stood, or attempted to stund, within the portals of tne le Of Fame. So jealous was he of his name he wrote his works im Latin, in order that they might the bet- ter be red and read by future generations. With such a fact before us, 1t would have seewed most natural and cousistent, had Bacon writtea Unese imtnortal dramas, and Uesired toclatm them, for bum to have left them in Latin, as he did his other works that he was so proudof. His not doing Solscertanly a very strong argument ageinse these claims. ‘Then every individual has his peculiar shape of bead. In the days of Shakespeare and Ba- con ‘tine was not apparently, studied: still two conventional heads have come down to us. ‘The one 18 well rounded, like tue full sack. A fine forehead, tine perceptions, big in the crown, and ‘well developed in those regions that are peculiar to the poet and philosopher. ‘This ts the Shake- speare head. The oter 1s aiso intellectual, but it is -quure and angular, the bead of tue scholar and imitator. A head with a capacity to learn, Dut not of ready perception and inuaition. ‘Those on the Side of tuis’ controversy should get the artists of ube world to change the names on tbe conventional heads. The full, nigh, well-rounded, clear-cut head, they should’ iusist was BacOa's; while the square, angular head was Shakespeare's. By the me they buve succeeded {n eSravitsulug this artistic clange they mas con- vert We world to thls absurd idea. In addition to unis, Shakespeare had, as every great poet and writer has, bis peculiar style. “Ln none of his writings docs Bacon reveal such a style. ‘In art Sir Joshua Reynolds might as well be accredited as tue author of Turner's pictures, or tn music Mo- zart be credited with en's Works. Mr. Donnelly shows tuat ubere are similar and even identical expressions in Bacon and Shakespeare, and this be seems to think conclusive and uuan* swerable, If he would refiect on the subject a hie further, he woud readily see thatin order to prove anytnlhg by such evidence he must go fur- ther and prove beyond controversy that Bacon did Ot tade Ludse Ideas from Shakespeare, and that they Were original with his favorite. From all we know of Bacon, and from good authority, too, he Was Ot Lie indst honest Man Whoever iived. He 1s represented as be.ug as dishonest as he was vain; ‘and such being the case, it 1s very doubtful if one- halt of What he atempted Wo clalin he was justly entitled to. He bad the advantage of foreign Mad’ tue opporvunity to” pick ‘up. {otellectual had tue opportunity crumbs that be could, and evidenuly did, use to advaniaze, | But this very controversy shows Ubat those waso attempt to beilttle Shakespeare do not Understand him. While he bad @ most original ‘he made no pretenses even at originality. ‘of tue plays and expressions he used ante Of yeard To illusrate, bad and been lato It his own like @ first-class story-teilér who hears a story. He re-velis it in higown unique and forcible masuer, and brings down the house. So be tok old material and Worked It over to suit the time and place. But bow do we know this? By the fact that many, if not all, ls draiuas are a on old tales aud material well known w the un Hitue ‘him or to transfer his just claims oa man uke! 1g most absurd. LP.N. Cruelty to Birds. ‘To the Editor of Tax EvExrxo Stax: Well knowing Tus Stan's readiness to make | # n2vel public the wrongs and just complaints of readers, the pubilc generally, and dumb creat in particular, I wish to call attention to a of cruelty just now to be seén on our Pedestrians on Une Avenue have noticed Jan irds with boxes of HA é i | i i it # i e Bie a ij iil i i € 5 if F it RE, Ht 3 5 Rae come unio ine, and come hand in hand. * i | the Work, 1,000; to such libraries, organizations and individuals 'as may be designated by Senators, es, 8,300; Sold DY the ‘on my | Secretary of War, 700, Nearly all of Uke 700 ofeach Volume were sold, to 80 cents in for halfeturkey mostiy b ices ranging from 35 cents cloth and) dollar more vinding. The sales are subscription. The are to be iu four series, the first embracing the formal reports, both Union and Confederate, ©. all of the operations during the war, and con- tained in about 80 octavo volumes, averaging ‘800 pages each, ‘The 2d series wili coinprise about four volumes, the 3d eight, and the 4tu four, thus making the gptire wet, consisting of nearly 100 Volumes, and frobabl: books. HOW THE LIBRARY 18 MAINTAINED. ‘The brary is supported by drafts on the De- Partiment, Which provides for the purchase of new books and subscriptions to periodicals, The re- Pairs, printing and binding are done at the Gov. ernivent Printing OMice on requisition. The new portion of the building which the War Depart Ment Will Syon Occupy contalas a room Lo be used by the library, aud is admirably adapted wo tue Urpos 8 Of such Work. Mr. Fitzgerald, who has n connected with the library since’ 1879, has about nine ascistauts, who are kept hard at work siributlug tue books, keeping the cat Straight, and sending documents to subscribers. THE NAVY DEPARTMENT LIBKARY is on the fourth floor of the butlding, directiy over the east entrance. The central room is hand- somely finished in bronze and colored marbies, and & dome above gives ligut hat is mellowed by Stained glass. This brary is unique iD its scope and character, its volumes, 18,0001n number, being conflued exclusively to Gaval topica. Wiin the exe] of te Aut Ss Academy lbrary this ts Ube only one of the kind im the country, andit is acknowledged to be one of the fuest and most complete collection of Works ou tues subjects in the world. It bas been in extstence for many years us a comparatively Small concern, but it bas only been during the last five or six years that, under the charge of Uke present Ubrartan, Prot. J. Russel Soley, 1U has assumed 1s present scope and dimensions, HOW THE BOOKS ARE DRAWN. ‘The works are drawn by Officers and clerks of the Depariment for acertain period, but it often happens that oficers are eugaged in special tn- Vestigations concerning subjects connected with their duties, and then they are given facilities for drawing’ a numberof Works bearing ou tue topics under examination. The elementary sub- jects of ke naval profession calling for spectal ines of literature are seainauship, ordnance, naval tactics, nivization, ship bullding, aud maritime engineering, “but Owing to the Tecent advance- ment of sclence in naval affairs, and particularly ‘ou account of the Duliding of our new navy, there are many other branches that have to be given & place of the shelves of this library, such as physics, dealing with the use of électniclty In ship lighting, search lighting, and the fring of guns, iuctallurgy, made becessary by the untversal use Of Iron and steel in medera ship- building, oceau meteorology, laws of storms and currents, imaratime and ‘international law, commercial law, naval bi and blogra- and geographical — works descripuve foreigu countries, Besides the bound vol- umes tere are a large number of service journals taken. ‘There is a great deal of informa- Uon to be obtained iu Ube foreign periodicals de- Voted to naval affairs, to he most important of ch the library subscribes, ‘Then. 5 at sunual appropriation from Congress of $1,000 for the purchise Of new books and pe- rodicals and the repair of volumes. Lieut. Kus is Prof, Soley’s assistant in the work of caring for, enlarging, and wauaging the library. THE TREASURY DEPARTMENT library 1s under the roof, near the files and fire- escapes. Mrs. H. L. Kimball has been the librarian for over tweive years, and, under her care, this collection has become one of the best Departmental Mbraries in the city. tween 19,000 and 20,000 volumes. ‘The clerks of the Department are permitted to draw books any day belWeen the Lours of 8 aud 9, 12 and and 4 and 5, and the members of thelr families are allowed to draw between neral 9 and 12. On Wednesday we employes of the Bureau of Ving and Printing send a messenger with a market basket cher Witu their cards and orders. He usuaily ces away from Sixty to seventy books About 14,000 volumes are drawn during a wonth. The Uvrary 18 supported by an occasional Uon Trom Congress of $500 or $1,000, accurding 10 immediate needs. There are several valuable seu, @ great number of encyclopmdias, and’ a well-stocked reference case. A! Ube curiosities are a _ directory Washington for 1846, Wt a nal once! u - ans by tale country, and Franklin's leager, used during bis Uerm of Office a¥ Postinaster-General, There ie also & eet Of Hansard’s Parliamentary tes, giving Valuable taformation as to English Political Kiswory" frou 1008. STATE DEPARTMENT BOOKS. ‘The most extensive Departinentai collection of Vention pald to any particular line of subjects, al- though, of ‘coilrge, Works bearing on tnlernatioual affairs und diplomatic relations are numerous, ‘The most interesting feature about the library scar ‘reanes as it would now be thay Paris, 1m the shape shot, with, round Mt the riffing of the the late Minister Washburae: wessociation of, the donated by C of Philadelphia: reaty, toot, sent by the xing of ‘the ceremon- fal robe of the king mich resembles a wea-chest co" ‘more than any~ to.cape bi x ‘oy the state of in 1812, apd a: delphta in brary is under the sively used by toe Deparumeat and the members corp ‘There is a the use of the employes of the Interior Department. It con- tains many ts the case with all libraries fiction ts, the are Well as those of the uninor the Mbrary ‘has not been the expense of other departments here may ve found the: ‘all the Amer relaung nana i aay pee every day from @ O'clock until 4 SS ar esas appreciated and used by a large of the Siaployes” The Ubcary Was started ta IAM, aut Mtsrowth has been steady, I not rapid For the last Afieen cr sixteen years Uaere bas Deen ava able an annual istiob Of $500 for the pur chase of new ‘and (hese purchases are mad by the Mbrarian with the approval of the chier clerk. The eariy years of che Listory of the Ubrary were not years of growth, and Up to IN Une Ubrary contained only two of three thousaud Volumes. The present lation ts considers! ample for Lie purposes intended, apd the ubrary Tauld be 10 a condition Lo be of more use to the fmployes of tbe Departinen! if its accommoda. obs Were Detter. IIs, at present, itt! wraicn ts 0 badly iagied at yan ir between lo swing the do The Har has Dever been in more unsuitable quarters, and a strong effort will be made to have it trausferred to another part of Une butidi: BOOKS IN THE rarest orrice. There are other Ubraries in the Interior Depart- ment buliding, but none so large or wo tmportant as the Patent OMice library, oF, as it is more com. mouly Known, the scieatite library. it covtatms about 50,000 volumes, Inciudiay pamphiets, and is Said to ‘be the finest itrary St tie kit fet World. It is a sclentific reieronce library Aud alms to be as complete as posstuie on tire ite: avure of human indudtry. Here way te found » cowpite flie of ali patents published in ibe With the specifications an Lie encyclopedias, espec the Industral sciences, may be consulted in Lorary, while the collection 4s compete In ail sci ‘@hlillc Works and periodicals, both American aud foreign. The library is inteed pruvarily for the Use Of the exainiping corpe of vent OMce, nd, Whey alone. ave the privilege of taxing out Douks, But practically t tea free Library, aid ie Used extensively by the patent attorneys and others who are i search of latormation Relating industries The brary was provided for tn tue taw Of 1838, Which effected & great change in the Patent OMice, and 1aid the foundation for tue creat Institution asit exists to-day. Is growth up to tbe Year 1N47 Was slow, and the coll¢vion then only humbered some 2,600 volumes. Tue appropria UoHMs Of Money by Congrons for the Ubrary were irregular and uncertain until the year 167K when the first Appropriauon was made, amoun lng to $6, INNS Unis Was reduced to §3,000, wauch Is bot Considered suMatent, us about Ball That amount Is required to pay Uie subscriptions of the i hunber of American and foreign Periodicals waich are regularly taxes the bound files being placed on te shelves ‘The Fooms devoted to Ue use of The library arr OM the tutrd Boor, and are enough, the onis draw back to the jocation being that a large hail or pax sage-way cuts the brary into two para In one ‘seC of rooms are kept Une Mies of the patents and tn the other part are the reference books and Ue reading room. ‘The librarian Is Mr. LD. Sade, aud he Bas a corp Of amgistants. The library next im importance to the Patent OMice brary under the CoBLrOl of the Interior Department Is the one belonging to the Bureau of Faucation, This ts also a Worsing retereace libra TY, abd Makes a specially of educational works of Ui Kins, Te mow contains HEArLy “N,GH) FoLutueS, In addition some 50,000 pain phieis. ‘he General Land OMice has & legal itbrary co taining some 2,000 volumes, Which are URad ex. sively by the Wworkimg force of Ube oMice in tho preparation of cases. THE POST OFFICE DRPARTAENT has no Ubrary. It has teen vainly endeavoring for many years to Induce Congress vo lend Its ax sistance in securing us Lmportant adjunct of Gepartinent Work, but 80 far Without aval There have been recomupendavions vy Postmaster Gene- Tais {rom the earliest times down to the last an- ual report, Issued a few days ago; there have been reports from compulliees aud’ investigations by commitices, but with Bo Result The ‘course of Ume and the Jaws relat. Ing to Government publications have, howeve accomplished sometaing in this —directio There Is now in one vt the upper roots of tine ‘Department building @ collection of Wooks which 48 Of Considerable Value and extremely useful fur Felerence purposes. These books, cousisting en Urely of Government publications, have gradually collected in tne « Duilding. In former Fears wen Une executive and ocuer documents Were brougut Wo the Department Uuey werr placed Ou sheives in the PostiMaster General's rol, ahd as late as the administration of Nontgutuers Hiair, to tue Opening years of Uke War, Ub- Departmen: Library Occupied Uhe book shelves in Lue rooms Wuilch be Used as his ofice. Tuen the collection Decaime too large, and a room tor Uke books ® Provided. Since that time Ube Ubrary bas bev Wanderer t Department ft has been Upstairs aud dowe stairs, It bas €ndured Une bea Of Ube allie story aud Lie dam puess of Uhe sub-basement, and It tan even been been boxed Up and pul OUL In the cou yard, There bas never Auy one in charge of These books, and they bave had the care of bu one espectally, UU! some Years ago Mr. John Meigs, 4 cers i Uae inspection office of Uke Second A» Aislaut’s office, befriended tals Ishmaeiite collec. {on and bas ‘kept them in order and protected {uem from destruction. All the Books are now in Tespectable quarters ih # large room in the paren building, aod are all arranged on sbe.ven aid tnake a very credit — Abie appearance. It might be concluded trum tue Statement Lbst as Lhe Ubrary counimts inatuly of Public documents thatit is of tte value, Dut Such is hot Ube case. It contains in tue ‘fret Place, & nearly complete collection of ALL CONOMESSIONAL REPORTS, from the first Congress down to Ue present time, and When It is considered tuat all tue early reports Were destroyed when the Capitol was burned by {he Briush im 1814 except such coptes as had beeu distributed, the historical Value of a complete fie uf such'documents can be appreciated. Lucu there Is a compiete De Of Lue deates of Lue leginal tals country, beginning with Eliot's bebe the adoptiva of the Consuvution, Gales ana Seatou’s reports, tuen Ube Congressmen. (Globe abd tts Buccessor, Uke Clngressionad Kecur ‘Tue Mbrary contains Peer Force's valuable co) Yon of @ocuments Kuown ws the “American Archives,” and a fuil set of the “Awerican Sta Papers.” A fie of the National Intelligence from 1819 UBL It ceased publication, 18 aime ajpou the shelvey while {here are a Variety Of bouke re forring especially Wo postal ma ters. CONTRIBUTIONS FROM TUR DEAD LETTER OFFICE. ‘The superintendent of the dead.tetter omce Las ‘turned over to the library some 300 volumes which have collected in the office ws wucialwed matter, ‘These books are usually sold at pub : DUE Uns year Lhe Dest Louks It Ue cul Selecued aud seut up to tue Uurars. The @ diMiculty with the Wbrary 1a focwer Fears bas Leer Lue want of space in the Department building for such ab insucuuon, abd Postuwaster-Geveras Vlas, While Urgiug Upou' Lhe attention of Congress Lue Importance of providiag for Lie maintenance of a Departnent Library, only asks for au appropriation of $500, watch we Ubinks will be sulficient wut the paruinent butldl enlarged. There te no doubt that the Posi-tmice ‘unent Would, like the other ents, have a Library if Lue prob- tem of Uhe needed space was not continu ally in the way. If the wuliding should occupy the entire square to BL sires, Were can ve ho doubt auuple provision Will be made fur Ube feature of an Execuuve Department. ‘THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY LIBRARY. ‘The lbrary of ue Geological Survey is not of @ general nature, Dut 1s valuable iu serving Iu the work of the surveys. It coutalas primarily ureat- ses and papers on geology, Including besides geu- eral geology, paleontology, tthowgy, and economic geolugy. ‘The collection ‘of books’ is under tue change of Mr. Chas. C. Darwin, aud cousins 20,101 5 and 31,200 pamphiets.” The library was es tablished In is2, Its Ducieus being a email coilec- Uke CUrnIOTS Of Lhe Post-OMice Uon of books froin the Hayden and Poweil surveys, A of the brary of Mr. Robt, Clarke, of Ciuclagatt, which was Very Tic, in Lue Oficial ge- Ologic literature of the United Suites, was pur- Chased, and also @ number of vooks were bought in lots, ‘The library has aiso beon enlarged Dy gratuitous coutrivations fru various sources, receives considerable material through Uv medium of exchange. The curreut growth of tue library 18 chiefly th the latier source, al though a smali fund is to the purchase uf I remember very weil Une first case 1 had todetend, My clieut had “tuck @ hog.” My father left me to make my Own beginning and to wrestle with juy tice alone, 1 said: “Jim, when you are calied, Plead not guilty, and ask for trial by jury.” re i can" | i i id Si i i i iu E i i : i : if i i e Fi i | ’