Evening Star Newspaper, October 31, 1883, Page 2

THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, “WEDNESDAY. OCTOBER 31, 1883—DOUBLE SHEET. AND DISTRICT. HEARING WITHOUT EARS, Alexander Graham Bell's Latest a¥ention—His School for Deaf Mutes in Washinztoa. A CURIONS AND INTERESTING SPECTACLE—TEACH- INO DEAF CHULDRSN VISIBLE SPEECH—Asso- CIsTING THEM Ww N THE SAME SeHOF e Is MCAL OPERATION—WHAT HE HAS TO Sa S$ METHOD AND THY NEW DEPARTURE TN THE TREATMENT OF DZAP MUTES. In the midst of the splendid residences that surren t Circle there still stands a littie old-fashi ck house Retired from the street with its modest front partially concealed by vrowinz vines, it see:ns to court seclusion as if overcome by the nee of its neighbors, an ina depreestory way to apoloxize tor its aurlicity in daring to be in such company. The lawn which bends about the front and side of the house, conforming in shape to the segment of th rele upon whieh it faces, is like the house, old fashioned, with its hedge arbor. is, however nd gronn the sweet of ehild'sh voi uzhter, which rr old fasiioned. ‘The merry groups pour- putet the deers about the lawn of loveliness ¥ one should attempt to pass up the walk leads to the front ent yas a STAR - other day. he must remember For the little ones are atl about, Vy are playin 3, and a thought- Jess hand or a carelyss foot might com- irreparible injury and = bring the quiver to the mouth or the tear te the ey of weet baby face. by _carefuily nd some mystic circle of Little tod- past atiny savan deep in zeo- ing and dirt, the vis.tor finds him- self on the front porch. ‘Throuwzh the wile open a ‘als the hallway and stairs, cov- h. soft carpet. and a long room A young lady answers the summons bell and the visitor inquires: s this Mr. Alexander Graham Bell's school replies the young la look at the strat i is at present in the school room: » shall I say call. . ler question had and then with he i sugyestive sound, and im- an air of remoteness, as if she had said: ir. Bell is at present at the North Pole; shatl I say a?” therefore, the visitor the young lady was oblig- ail HOOL OX A NE Presently Mr. Bell himself greeted the visitor in his cord “Ihave come to see your new school,” said the reporter. rather abruptly. manner. “It is a new school in every sense of the | 12 this way the little deaf girl was told to do a word.” replied Mr. Bell. as he led the way into the front room and took a seat. ‘We have hardly taken possession yet of this buildin We are still movin from the other house which we have been occupying since October Ist. I this hous have rent for a year, and it is about ready for use.” dren seem to be rather talkative for “The ci .” observed the reporter, as a tlood of wchter floated in through ¥ <chool. ‘These rooms down stairs are for the use of a kindergarten hoo! and the children playing outside are the The school for deaf mutes Is up sta and it ts the only school of the kind in the ¢ t rthe reason that it is an attempt to edu- | cate the two ol of children together. Per- | ” he continued, in } z that he et, “that | ods of educating the justice done to S$ were placed in 1 this has had the £ them separate rest of the world. A COLDEN MRAN. r.in this school, { propose to try anew ent. which will) be the mean between these two systems. The deaf children will be ucted by themselves, but they will play with the hearing childrea in the play-ground, and join them for aa hour or so every day in the kindergarten occupat.ons. The deaf children will watch the act of the hearing children and see them talk, and thus In their play hours they will acquire facility in the articulation method, which we will try to teach them. Chil- dren leara more rapidly from each other than they do irom older persons. as any pareat will tell you. and these little ones will supplement the instruction given to their less fortunate € nions. t come up stairs, and you willsee the school in operation,” laimed the inventor, as he rose to iead the w: His tall form made the vos of the little house look suraller. AN ATHLETIC SCIKNTIST. Mr. Sell has not the spare figure and lack of phy-.cal vigur which too often characterize the student. He must be over six feet in hei:ht, and his broad sioulders and developed chest in- dicate a reserve power of health and strength. from his powertully built body, one would not conciude that he was one of the emi- hent members of the Nationa Academy of as well a= a tellow of several of the for- is a striking one, strongly marked with the bigh fore- from which the black wavry hair is masses. A dark lustrous btens up as he talks, gives char- As the reporter followed him up the stairs he could not help but all that this distinguished man Was but afew stort years azo a poor and u cher in Boston. While Dolbear, ) were deep In experiments to Make the new discovery of the transmission of und of the human voice practical by secu® »stinetness, Mr. Bell, with the knowledze ined in teachiag deaf mutes visible speech, sulved the pi and astonished the world with the inveution of his telephone. At that time. now barely seven years azo, he had hardly sufficient money to meet the expense of aecur- ing a patent ou his new invention. To-day he has an immense fortune. and his name is known wherever the latest achievements of scientific investi-ration are appreciated. His life is like a tale out of THE ARABIAN NIGHTS to those who only see results; but the Aladdin’s lamp was, after all, his own brains and industry. He is still a young man, spending his days be- tween the laboratory on Connecticut avenue and the work shop which hehas fitted up in his elegant residence on Scott Circle, and finding time in the midst of his electrical investigations for philanthropic work of this description. But the stalwart ficure standing at the head of the stairs recalls the visitor from the brief Teatrospect. When the landing was reached he opened a door into a bright cheery room and said: “This is our school-room.” It did not look like any school-room the reporter had ever seen before. It might have been a parlor. The doorways and win- dows were bung with handsome curtains and né the floor was covered with a soft There were no desks or maps, and in the recess forned by the bay window was a cute lit- tle divan that ran all around::t, Just hich enou: for the Lttle ones te climb up cn the soft cush- ion There were pictures on the walls and or- ats on the mantel and in the cabinets. afterail, the char:n of the room was not in se things, but rather in the group of FAIR WAIRED CHILDREN that elu: rd in a circle about a low table which stood in the center of tue floor. They were playing some little game with pieces of pasteboard, and the teacher. a yonng lady, eemed to be as absorbed In the amusement as Were the chiidrea. Presently the group dis- solved. and a new game was bexun under the ding direction of the teacher, who was em- the kindergarten method. ‘tle xirl over there,” remarked Mr. ng to a child whose merry face was wreathed insiniles and who looked the picture ot health and happiness. “lost her hearing some time azo, and since then she bas been eratually fosing the power of She can ta'k but very littie now, and ina short time i: sue continues shut offtrom the speakiny world she wil loose the tacalty of apeech entirely. She can now be made to-understand cnly a very few things. You can't tell the child anything, for you have no way of making her understand. Bhe is gradually forgetting how to talk.” ‘The littie zirl, now six years of ave, still ro- tains some few words of speech, but it was the baby prattle which she had od bes f children has been | become deaf. Playing with her were two little girls about three and five years*of age. “All of my deaf mute children are not here to-day,” continued the scientist, as he caressed a little head that was resting against his knee. “These two little girls are my dangh- ters. They are both abie to speak and hear; but for the present I am going to have them with this Little girl, as I think that they willad her in acquiring visible speech. They are accustomed to tal with their mother, who is entirely deaf, and hence the movement of their lips are very distinct.” “T have seen in some of the newspapers,” he went on, “the statement that my wife was born deat and dumb, and that I tauzht her to speak. Such is not tue case, however. My wife beciue deaf and since then she has ac- quired visible speech. She can understand what TI say when I move my lips In speaking without uitering the words. 3he understands ch by theeye. This is what E expect to ac- complish with this little girl.” THE ARTICULATE METHOD. “Perhaps I can give you some idea of the method of articulate teaching.” he sugested, | as he crossed to the opposite side of the room and stood in front of a white polished surface which served as a blackboard. Point- lng to a series of black characters that resem- bied .n taeir general appearance Chinese words, he clers are a mud.fication bet mvented by my fatuer. whica form them represent shape of the mouth when the words are The lines and curves thi ut For instance, take the word ‘Run,’ which 1s rey ted by this character. Now, that is formed by the 8.cus phonet cally repre- wf those three letters. ‘The characters are zhtto the caildrea, as [ ean practically de- monsirate to you,” and he paused, and turning to the young lady teacher who Was standing hear asked if the children could have @ lesson. SPOILING A GAMs OF ROMPS. The youn: lady thouxht that they could, but Just then the children had begona fine game of hide and seek, and only one was visible. A murmor of laughter revealed the hiding place of another from behind the door, and, finally, the little deaf girl was drawn from beneath the win- dow curtains, screaming with laughter, and all the rest joined ia her merriment. A row of tiny chairs were then drawn up in front of the board, aud the children, together with the teacher. formed the class. The inveator with a pointer in his hand, and_his kindly face winning the attention of the restless little ones, stood in front ot his ciass, and the singular reci- tation bevan. A recitation without a sound bein uttered is like a r:ver without water, but this was the kind that was conducted. Mr. Bell pointed to one of the characters on the board, at the same time movi ips as it he was speaking the word. Tae first character repre- sented the name of a child, and the one designated readily recognized _ her hame and assumed an attitude of attention. Then the pointer moved along to another char- acter, and the little yirl rose to lier feet. Fol- lowing the pointer with her eye, and then watching the lips of her instructor, the little one bezan to walk up and down, then ran, and finally ran to the door, as she interpreted the visible speech from the lips of the inventor. number of things, and she readily comprehended what was wanted. A SILENT SCHOOL-ROOM. When Mr. Bell turned to speak to the visitor the little ones scampered away again to their | Play and the lesson was over. “After this school has fairly start marked, “I don'tintend to have anandible word spoken in the schovi-room. The teacher will communicate entirely with the scholara by means visible speech. Even whe ¢ they make use of the: thi | which, as you can see, contain the names ot va- Tious toys and objects. Here, for instance, 1s one which has the name doll written on it. The | doll itself is simitarly labeled, and the child by conp: he two soon becomes familiar with j the written word. Then when they see it on the board they will at once recognize it.” “Does the inability to speak in a deaf mute tneapacity2” inquired the re- physics er, branching off into the general subject. | Very young children, who are hard o' | ing or who do not hea i was the r hear- at all. do not naturaliy and this fact has given af mute,’ by which it is a jorign to the term“ | customary to designate a person who 1 from childhood. 9 constant is the assoc of defective speech with def-ctive hearing in | childhood that if one ot your children, whom you had leit at home beariag perfectly and talk- ing perfectly, should. trom some accident, lose his hearing, he would also naturally lose his speech. This is so true that ev ‘na slight im- pairment of hearing is accompanied by a corre- | sponding imperfection in speech. “Why is this the case?” interrupted the list- ener. “The most ingenions and fallacious arguments have been advanced in explanation.” was the re- ply. “The learned Sibseota, 150 years ago, argued that the nerves of the tongue were con- nected with the nerves of the ear, and a defect in oue caused a corresponding ‘defect in the other. Even now the majority of people believe that DEAF CHILDREN ARK DUMB on account of defective vocal organs. Bat why should children speak alanguage that they never heard? We do not, and no one would argue that our vocal organs were defective because we do not speak Chinese. {ft Is a fallacy: The vocal organs of the deaf are as perfect as our own.” “Why, then, do they not speak?” asked the re- er. “There is no reason why they may not all be 8 taught to k save our iznorance of the mechanism of speech. The difficui in the | way of teaching them articulation lie with us. Speech is the mechanical result of certain ad- jastments of the vocal organs, and if we can explain to the deaf children the correct ad- Justinent of the particular orzans they possess they will speak. The difficulty lies with us. We learn to speak by imitating the sounds we ear in utter ignorance of the action of the ies the sound.” here has been one fallacy which has greatly impeded proxress in the education of the deaf,” j continued Mr, Bell, “and that is the idea that ' there could be no reason without speech. It is difficult for us to realize the possibitity of a train of th t being carried on fold th taught to think he must first be tauzi€ to speak, | and attempts were made to do this by imitating } | the miracles of Christ. As you saw Inthe case of the little girl, if'a child possessed of its hearing and speech should suddenly become deaf, little by little the mother’s tongue is forgotten, and the child becomes.a deaf wute. Experience has shown that the speech is very readily restored by causiny the child to observe the movement of our own vocal organs.” SPEECH VISIBLE TO THE EYE. “But here, again.” continued Mr. Bell, thought- fully. ‘‘a new fallacy has arisen, namely, that speech is as clearly visible to the eye as it is au- dible to the ear. When we come: to examine the visibility of the elementary sounds of our language we shall find that the majority are not clearly visible to the eye. When the lips are closed we cannot see what is going on inside the mouth. For instance, the sounds represented by the letters p. b. m, involve a closure of the lips, but while it is “impossible for a child to say definitely whether the sound you utter is P, b, or m, he knows it is one of these three, for no other sounds invol closure of the lips. So with words. He may not be able to tell the precise word that you utter, but it is possible for him to refer it to a group of words presenting the same appearance to the eye. For instance, the words pat.’ “but,” and ‘mat’ have the same appearance to the eye, but the dear mn can readily dis- lnguish which is weant by the context. Asfor example, were you to say that you had wiped oh feet upon a mat, it could not be pat or “Context is therefore the real key to the art of understanding speech by the eye,” said Mr. Bell, with emphasis, ‘But this involves as a prerequisite a vernacular knowledge of the Enu- ish language. In cases where congenitally deafchildren have acquired the art of reading speech by the eye as perfectly as those who have become deaf from disease, it is found that they have first — @ vernacular knowl- edge Df the English language, at least in its written form. It is a curious fact also that long words are more visible than short words. The gesture language 1s used as vernacular In our modern instraction of English, and this pre- venta the acquiring of English as a vernacular and also causes the deaf to associate together in adult life. The gesture language isan arti- ficial and conventional ianguaye quite different from the Englisn.” THE ENGLISH INSTEAD OF THE GESTURE LaN- evacE. “You propose then to teach one languaye,” suggested the listener. “There Is no reason that I can see for teach- ing a person beeause he happens to be deaf a foreign language.” was the Prompt repty. “‘By associating the deaf children with the hearing children as tar as possible they will acquire the more rapidly the power of codnununleating with languaye them. If they have a of thelr ow! are bound to associate in adult fe, andthe consequence is they Intermarry and their afflction is transmitted to their off- spring, so that the statistics to-day actually show that the deaf mutes are increasing In number. nrezard to the education of the deaf in this way.” he continued, “‘the system is not an un- tried one. In 1873 [ organized a day school in the city of Greenock, Scotland, and occupied a room in the acaaemy there. which contained, I should think upward of 200hearing children. In this room the deaf children were tauzht by a Special articulation teacher, sent from America. They were caused to associate with the hearing children inthe academy in every way possible ‘They played with them in the playground, and joined them for instruction in such ,subjects as writing, drawing, sewing. &c. The su:cess of this school has been so great that tue board of education has recently adopted it as a perma- ney, throwing it open to ail the deaf children of Greenock and the sur- rounding towns. I visited the school about a year avo, and found that all the deaf pupils had formed many friends among the hearing pupils of the academy, with whom they conversed quite freely by word of mouth. Their vernacular use of the English language was quite remarkable, especially when we consider that they were either bora deaf or had lost their hearing to infancy.” DEAF CHILDREN IN OUR PUBJ.IC SCHOOLS. “T expect,” continued Mr. Bell, “before long to ask the board of school trustees of this city to fet apart a ruom in one of the public schools for the instruction of deaf children.” “This feature of my present experiment I feel well assured will be a success,” he remarked dently; “but as to my method of instruction, the success of that will be determined in time. Tain pursuing now what [ consider the natural method. How Is a young child taught to speak ? You don’t begin to teach it sounds, then letters, then words, do you? No. That is not the way. THE MOTHER TALKS TO IT whole sentences, and the child understands what is said long before it can speak. That is what I am doing with these little children. I talk to them all sorts of nonsense on the board, Just such as you hear in the nursery. Well, the hearing child in his first efforts to speak, tries to remember these sounds, and finally he suc- ceeds. But at. first imperfectly, and this period ot impertect speech continues for a long time. ‘the hearing child uses his ears; in my school the deaf child will use his eyes. That is all the difference. After | have established communi- cation with the child, then { will write the char- acters representing the sound of the words on the board. I wil speak the word. Then the child sees with his eyes the form of the sound just as the other child hears it and tries to imitate it. The imitation is im- perfect. Then, as the mother repeats words and the child, after long practice. attains the correct pronunciation, so will I write on the board the form of the sound of the word as in- correctly pronounced by the child, and then the correct form. ‘ihe child's eye sees the ditfer- ence between the false and the true sound. and tries to attain the latter. He succeeds Just as truly asa baby’s prattle is changed by constant ticeinto the correct forms of English speech.” “But you must come up and see the school for yourself after it has been in operation for some time,” said Mr. Bell, with a cordial smile, as the visitor took his departure. PREACHERS IN PETTICOATS, en Ministery in the Univer- urch—A Falk With the Rev. Mrs. Soule. There were three women preachers in attend- ance upon the Universalist convention that met here last week. Their names were Rey. Mrs. Crosley, Rey. Mrs. Hannaford, and Rev. Caroline S. Soule. Rey. Mrs. Soule, in conyer- sation with a Star reporter, said that there were altogether about thirty women ministers in the church in this-country. Referring to the discussion in the convention last Thursday con- cerning the que: said that the min! mous on the subject in Scotland three year fellowship with the U land. joule was ordained ago, and keeps her niversalist church of he has been engaged in missionary work and never has had a regular ch “I never like to use my title of Re she said to ‘Tuk =TaK reporter, “but there are’ some occa- sions in which | havyeto use it. The woman minister has all the rights of her brother in the ministy; to marry, christen, and administer commanion. 8 likewise subject to trial, just as her brother is,’ ~Have you ever married a couple?” asked the reporter. 5 “Oh, yes,” said Mrs. Soule, “I have married one couple in this country. Another couple [ refused to marry, because I knew them, aud did not think they ought to be married. I don’t know whether any of my brethren would have gone so faras that.” “Are there women ministers churches?” asked the reporter. “I believe there is one in the Unitarian church,” said Mrs. Soule, ‘Mrs. Annie Oliver, you know, has been fighting for years to get ordained in the Methodist Episcopal church, but has failed. That church is not so democratic aa ours. wherein the board of trustees is elected every two years. The voice of the laity ia more powerful in our church. In the Episcopal church they recognize women by making them deaconesses. It was a hard battle between the sexes in our church. When our woman's association was formed some years ago.some of the leading ministers opposed it very strongly, but a treaty of peace was signed.” “Have the women, as a rule, been successful as preachers?” asked the reporter. “Asa rule, they have had average success,” said Mrs. Soule. “That ls, they have been equal to the average man? Some of them have risen above the aver- Young-women are being received now at our divinity school at Canton, N. Y., and I expect fee will be a constant increase in their num- er. “Taman American,” continued Mrs. Soule, “but [ was ordained in Scotland, where I was ed in missionary work. After | was or- dained I remember a man came to take the cen- sus. I was keeping house, and was head of the house. I gave my name as the head of the house and a minister. A few days afterwards the man came back for an explanation. It was thought at the office that there was some mistake. I told him that it was true—I was a woman, the head of the house and an ordained minister, and that prebably { was the ouly person of that de- seription they would find in the kingdom that yeur. But they will probably hereatter find more,” she added, asthe very pleasant inter- course came to a close and THe sTaR man took his leave. in other That Quotation Again. ‘To the Editor of Tre Evexine Stax: We were not relating to the correctness of the meaning of the sentence, “All that glitters is not gold,” but to Itsgrammatical correctness. We argue that It is not correct, because it says “all that glitters,” meaning everything that | Saeets gold glitters as well as anything else. herefore, we say that it contradicts the mean- ing It wants to convey. Please let us have your opinion. Jack & Harry. October 26, 1883. {The town ts full of professors and school teachers; why not refer the question to some of them and hire a hall for the discussion? The editor of Tue Star does not set up for an ex- pert in grammar, and space in Its columns is too valuable and life too short to be wasted in fine spun disquisitions on “barren igealities,” to use ¢ language of the late venerable William Allen.—Eb. Star} ‘They Are All Members of Congress. To the Editor of Tur. Eventno Stan: It is singular what queer and Incorrect ideas seem to prevail in regard to our governmental affairs. Forexample, our postmaster, in hissug- gestion to Superintendent Thompson, advises that the mail matter of Senators be made upina package for the Senate post office, and that of members of Congress Yor the House Post office. Now, Senatorsare members of Congress. Evident. lyRepresentatives are meant Inthe latter instance. Senators and Representatives are the true titles, when the two classes are to be distinguished. This notice is not intended for eaptious criti- cism, but it is time to cry halt to loose ideas. Words should have their correct and proper value. or else ideas become confounded and we lose an adequate conception of their intent. If we are to keep clear the distinctions which exist in our polity. they should always be clearly expressed and not loosely to be helped out by implication. Tha above is a yery 2ommon error, which no government official should make. W. HB. oo ‘Two Mormon missionaries in Mississipp! have arrested for vagrancy. They have plent of money, anda test case will be made of the fair. The committee of the Boston city council ap- poioted to consider the change. of standard time will report in favor of the change as by the astronomers of: Harvard university. ST. .JOHI?S CHURCH. ; —_ i Improvements Made im a Venerable Samctuary. A BRIEF HISTORY oF THE CHURCH—DRSCRIPTION OF THE CHANGES WHICH HAVE JUST BEEN COMPLETED—ADDITIONAL ACCOMMODATIONS FOR WORSHIPERS—TILES AND TERRA GOTTA WORK—THE MEMORIAL WINDOWS. St. John’s church is one of the oldest and one of the best known churches in Washinzton. It has recently been through a thorough overhaul- ing, and many fotable improvements have been made In its interior, arrangement. For some time past the. workman's hammer has been sounding daily within its historic walls, but now the work is about completed, and to-mor- row it will be again opened for public worship. The first ot November is All Saints day, and at 7:30 and at 12 m. there will be celebration of the Holy Communion, and at 4 pm. there will be evening prayer. The church was originally built in 1816 by the Architect Latrobe, the father of Mayor Latrobe, of Baltimore. The design was that of a Greek cross. Galleries ran around it, and a door opened on 16th street and one on H street. At that time Lafayette square was an open com- mon, and the White House had not been rebuilt after the war. In 1821 the church was enlarged by an extension to the westward, and in 1826 a colonnade and steeple were added. In 1830 the organ, which was in the chancel, was removed to the gallery in the rear of the congregation, where it remained until the reeent changes were made; when it was again moved to the chancel, and now occuples a position to the right of the rector. THE RECENT IMPROVEMENTS. The changes which have just been made do not change the beauty and symmetry of the venerable edifice in the least, and it still retains the original general plan. Two principal ob- Jects have been yained by the improvement. More room, greatly needed, has been secures and the danger of its being destroyed as an ol bullding blocking the march of improvement in that neighborhood entirely.removed. It has now such a bright and comely appearance, and is throughout such an embodiment of good taste, that It will stand for many years to come, and remain one of the landmarks of this constantly growing city. As one of the promi- nent members of the congregation remarked to a Star reporter: “These improvements have in my estimation, saved this sacred building from destruction.” The old vestry roum has been removed, and the church proper extended to the east line, and the chancel now extends eastward fifteen feet. Where the old chancel was runs a broad aisle, with openings on both sides of the church. This was very much needed, and will prove a great advantage when any funeral ceremonies are held in the church, As stated, the organ has been removed from the gallery. and a small extension built for it at the north of the chancel. TRAINED CHORISTERS will be substituted for the former choir. The organ is so arranged that the organistas he plays faces the chancel and the officiating min- ister. Stillnortn of the organ room is a com- modiousrobing room, and above it and over the organ room also is the vestry room. The re- moval of the organ from the west gallery af- fords 26 additional pews,all of which were eacer- ly taken up. Mr. A. E. Bateman and Major Graham secured the front pews. To make this part of the church more available the old stair- ways, which ascended from the main vestibule, were torn down, and at the northwest corner of the building a small extension constructed, con- taining a broad and easy flight of steps, leadinz to the gallery throughtwo entrances. South of the chancel, opposite the organ room, has been built a large, graceful ;bay window, which will be filled with thirty upholstered chairs, to be let to persons desiring single seats. The new chancel is very commosions, and is fitted up In a handsome and tasteful manner. The wooden floor has been-changed to a tesselated pave- ment of minton tiles. The tiling in the sanctuary is the gift of the children of the Sunday school. THE TERRA COTTA ALTAR is sald to be by far the finest piece of terra cotta work that has yet been produced in this coun- try. it was made by the Boston Terra Cotta com, from designs by James Renwick, esq., of New York, the architect of the Roman Cath- olic cathedral and Grace church. New York. and of the Smithsonian Institution and the Corcoran Art gallery, in Washington. It is the gift of Mra. Francis Riggsand hersister, Miss Thayer, in mem- ory of their father and mother, Mr. and Mrs. Jas. S. Thay: The former dark and somber ceiling decorations have given place to bright and tasteful painting and decoration, the work of Wies, of New York, having the effect ef raising the height of the ceiling at least ten feet. Hand- some memorial windows, with two exceptions, are being made at the Lorin factory at Chartres, France, where the famous windows of the Ro- man Catholic cathedral, on 5th avenue, N. York, were made. The remaining two windows are ordered from N. H Eggleston, of N.Y. The great window, over the altar, is expected to arrive here about Christmas, and the others will be arriving one at a time probably till midsum- mer. THE MEMORIAL WINDOWS, The north compartment of the great window over the altar will be made of urnamental glass, with an angel's head in the center—in memory of Mrs. Lockwood. The central compartment will represent the Last Supper—in memory of Mrs. Franklin Steele. The south compartment will be similar to the north—a memorial to Admiral Wilkes. The south window in the choral L will represent the Transfiguration, and is the gift of the Misses King. The next win- dow in the chancel will be of ornamental glass, put in by the vestry. The window under the gallery in the south transept, the gift of the, President, in memory ot Mrs. Arthur, will have side compartments similar to those of the great window. The upper medallion in the central compartment will represent the Angels of the Resurrection, and the lower medallion the Annunciation to the Shepherds. The remaining windows are as follows: Next window—Upper medallion,-the Ascen- sion: lower medallion, the Adoration of the Shepherds. In memory of W. T. Carroll, esq., formerly clerk of the ‘Supreme Court, and his children, W. T. Carroll, jr., Howard Carroll and Mrs. Mercer. Next window in nave—Upper medallion, the Baptism of Christ; lower medallion, Christ, Mary and Martha. ‘In memory of Mr. and Mrs. Henry K. Randall and thetr daughter, Mra. EL lott. Next window in nave—Side compartments like other side compartments; central compart- ment, upper medallion, the Entry Into Jerusa- lem; lower medallipn, Christ Walking on the Sea. The gift of Mr. and Mrs. Leonard. Next window in nave (north)—Side compart- ments like other side compartments; upper me- dallion of center, the Vision of the Lamb; lower medallion, the Crucifixion. The gift of Mr. and Mrs. John A. King. Next window in Dave—Upper medallion, St. John with his Emblems; lower medallion, Choir of Singing Angels. In memory of Mr. Peter Hagner, formerly third auditor, and Mrs. Hag- ner. . Next window (in north transept)—Upper me- dallion, the Marriage at Cana; lower medallion, the Good Centurion. ‘In memory of Col. Auden- te of Gen. Salah ee ext window in not transept—Side com- partments like other side compartments; upyer medallion of center, the Calling of St. John; lower medallion, St. John and St. Peter with Christ, (St. Johh. ch. 21, verses 90 to 24.) M Lange windod in eailery (Gorth transept) —Bt window in @o 5. John and 8t. Peter in the Palace of the High Priest. In memory of ‘Bishop Pinkney. Given by Mr. Corcoran. . The large gallery window in the nave—Two Crossed Sworis'on @ Blue Field. In memory of Capt. George W? Bradley, U.S. A., and the east gallery window th the sdath transept—a Crosson a Blue Field, a'gift. are ordered from N. H. Eggleston, of Néw York. The large gallery window in the nave—St. John and St. Peter Healing the Lame Map at the Beautiful Gate of the Temple, taken from Raphael's cartoon. Given by Mr. and Mrs. Ban- croit Davis. ‘The window on the north side of the chancel— Ornamented In memory of Gen. George D. Ramsay. se ‘The M. R. BR. andthe 8.F. 7. P. 0. C.T.A. ‘Torthe Editor of Tax Evewrxe Star: What has become of the ‘Society for the Pre- vention of Cruelty to Animals?” It has a fine field for labor with the Metropolitan railroad company, as even ® casual Inspection of the “stock” of that road will show. Monday after- hoon, about twenty minutes after five, I got on car No. 18, at the corner of East Capitol and 2d streets. The motiva power wasan aged gray horse. very lame, and I should judge partially, if not totally, blind. The horse’ was then pant- ing and sweating freely and was utterly unfit for work of any kind, but was kept on a slow gallop most of the way to 9th street, where I gotout. At least adozen horses of this com- pany are in asimilar condition, and it is a burn- ing shame to treat damb animals in such ner. Dee eee ae Ve dene reeset: ZOOLOGY. A National Zoological Garden Contem- Plated. ‘To the Editor of Tag Evexte Star: In the opinion of yourcorrespondent, no enter- prise could be suggested that would excite more Interest or be rezarded with more favor than that of establishing a zoological garden at the capital of the nation. But there are many reasons why it should not be located on the Potomac flats, as suggested by Tur Star of re- cent date. Whatantdea! A vast plane with- out shrub or tree for the abode of animals and birds; and a reeort for human beings, exposed alike to the scorching rays of the sun in snm- merand the cold freezing winde in winter. Neither should it be located any where within the limits of the city, but just outside, ata point easy of access by al’ Tt hould he "mong the trees, rocks and hills, Abounding in vales, springs and rills.” The tastes or inclinations, habits, health and comfort of the proposed inhabitants should be considered, and a site selected where the birds, reptiles and animals would revei and roilick and delight to be—approaching as neariy as ossible, respectively their native and peculiar haunts and habitations. Is it not strange that when “this project was under consideration in years past that the question of a suitable site was a troublesome one.” when we have Just such a spot as contemplated and described; and it cannot be said of it as it was of the location along Rock creek, that ‘the money required for the purchase of the land would plunge the society or company too deeply in debt.” The owners of the land I refer to would take stock in part, if not to the fall extent of the value of their property. Congress would doubtless encourage the enterprise by making such an appropriation as would insure its success; and more than that, make it all that could be desired by the most enthusiastic admirer of our magnificent and beautiful capital city—far sur- passing any zoological garden in the country. If the reader, whose curiosity is probably somewhat aroused by this time, will walk up the steps of the east front of the Capitol some fine day and look eastward, he will at once take in the situation, and see the proffered land, with a little stretch of the imagination he will also see a magnificent bridge spanning the Ana- costia at the terminus of Pennsylvania avenue. Street cars can be seen passing over it,—a con- tinuation of the Washington and Georgetown line. The Herdics, too, and the cabs are going over—thence turning to the right and south- ward they enter the Piedmont avenue leading to Uniontown, where they recross the river via the navy yard bridge. He will also see, by a little further stretch, numerous private carriages and pedestrians crossing the Pennsylyania ave- nue bridge, and taking out other and more beautifully shaded and dustiess roads diverging through the fertile gardens, the beautiful pla- teaus and the romantic highiands, alldotted over with comfortable and palatial suburban homes. ENTERPRISE. ee RISING FROM THE DEAD. A Startling Scene at a Funeral—The Corpse Comes 06 Life. Black River Falls, Wis., is agog over the re- turn to life of a young lady who seemed to have been dead three days. The young woman, the daughter of a wealthy German, had been very sick for some weeks, and died, as was supposed, and her body was prepared for burial. There were fears in the minds of some that the ap- pearance of the woman's face didn’t indicate death, but the fourth day after the death the funeral was held. While the ceremony was in rogress Dr. J. B. J. Baxter, fram Washington, fernedy sey has of the Second Wisconsin in- fantry, was there with a friend, and seeing the face of the supposed corpse, asked that the cere- mony might be interrupted long enough for him to attempt resuscitation. The family insisted that she was dead, but a young man to whom she was engaved sided with the doctor, and the ceremony was postponed, even after the friends andthe minister had put in an appearance at fhe house. None could discover any vitality, but still there was nothing in the appearance of the body that indicated decay, and onthe fourth day it was determined to goon with the last solemn offices of the dead. Dr. Baxter went to the funeral and arrived when the minister was throuszh part of the service. The undertaker had the coffin lid in his hands ready to screw it on. Dr. Baxter was given permission to examine the body. No pulse was apparent. He had his ear on her chest and detected a faint heart beat. “So certain was I then,” says Dr. Baxter, “that it was a case of catalepsy that I did not hesitate @ moment to apply the proper remedies. Im- azine ft you can the ecene when the young lady uttered suddenly a percing scream and rose up inher coffin. It was the most awful note of azony that I hope ever to hear. The room was filled with friends besides the family and domestics. Several ladies fainted outright; some screamed and went into hysterics, the servants ran out into the yard, and I confess that though I was expecting to see her revive, my own nerves were so shaken by the sudden. ness of the occurrence that it was with thi greatest difficulty that I could stand. she then got out of the coffin and down from the table with very little assistance. By this time the tumult in the room had in a measure subsided. ‘and she then told us what was the most fearful part of the whole experience, that she had been entirely conscious the entire time! She had heard all that was said and knew all that was going on around her. She had felt herself being shrouded and lald in the coffin, had heard her triends weeping over her before the coffin lid should close over her forever, and thouht that she should surely be buried alive. Meanwhile, though she tried her utmost. she was unable to move or utter a sound. Her friends looked upon her as given back to them from the grave, and, indeed, In the country around, it is reported I really did raise her from the dead; and after [ lett they told me that the country was flocking to see me.” The young lady in now convales- cent. A Parallel Case in Austria. Vienna Dispatch to the Londgn Standard, Oct. 16, A ghastly story is reported to-day from Mscheno, in Bohemia. A man, who was ap- parently dead, had just been lowered into the grave, when the mourners were horritied to see the coffin lid -begin to move, and the linen shroud gradually appear, until the corpse at last sat up. The man said that he had through- out his illness heard all that had been said. He was aware they thought him dead, but he was unable to make any sign. From the graveyard the man was taken home, and there is now every prospect of his recovery. —— —5s__ DEEP SEA DREDGING. Professor Baird Searching for the ‘Winter Home of the Mackerel. From the New York Herald. “On the last cruise of the United States Fish Commission’s steamer Albatross.” said Protes- sor Spencer F. Baird yesterday to a Herald re- porter “thirty new species of fish were brought to the surface. They had never before been seen. We have been dredging recently in very deep water. In fact, the trawl has been used in adeeper sea than ever before known. Don't know what a trawl is? Well, it isa dragnet at- tached toa 11-foot beam with runners 234 feet high at each en along the beam and the apparatus ts heavily weighted. On putting it overboard it at once sinks tothe bottom and the drags are made from halt a mile to three miles. These drags are made in what is known as_the 3,000 fathom hole—a devression In the sea bottom of about one hundred and fifty miles in extent, lying in Led center of the Guilt stream south of Martha's ineyard.”” “And the piscatorial find?” ‘-Amounted to nothing except from a scien- tific point of view. The fish. asall fish are that Sea fonnca great depth, are small and not edi- “But the fish are christened?” ‘ea, of course. Mr. James E. Benedict, the resident naturalist on board the Albatross, preserves the collection of fish diecovered on the cruise. The fish are then sent to the sum- mer laboratory of the United States fish com- mission at Wood's Holl, Mass. Some are also forwarded to Professor A. E. Verrill, at Yale college, and some to Washington. At these three places the fish are named. “But you must know,” continued Professor to the eblef object of the “THE LAND OF THE SKY.” A_Beom fer Asheville and Western North Carolina-A Land “Where Every Prospect Picases,” and Ne End to its Agricnitural and Mineral Wealth. Correspondence of THe EVENING Stan. ASHEVILLE, N.C., Oct. 26th, 1883. OPENED TO THR WORLD AT LAST. The Western North Carolina railroad, which ten years ago successfully crossed the uabroken range of the Blue Ridge, is at last completed. The hard. natural difficulties it encountered in its pathway across sixty miles of an almost im- penetrable mouatain country, led to many dis- | Couraging delays, and even endangered at one time its further progress. The work is now, however, in good runuing order, and is a bright addition to the engineering triumph of the age, and a monument to the skill and determination | of its engineers. To this lovely mountain coun- try and to Asheville it has been a God-send. Though it is now eighteen months since the shrill neigh of the iron horse first echoed among her hills, the activity of her trade and indus- tries, and the large influx of strangers in that time, have been such as to surprise even her most devoted prophets. The “boom” isa big one, The most super- ficial observer cannot help but notice it, and T venture to say ft is unrivalled by that of other towns which have risen to importance on the approach of railroads. A NEW NATIONAL SANTTARIUM. Nor is to be wondered at. We have herea cli- mate whose heaith-giving properties must ulti- mately become as celebrated as that of Aiken or Minnesota. Although acknowledged tobe equal to the Minnesota climate in dryness, it is superior to it in equability and mildness of tem- while its fer slevation, dryness, SoaGsCle asemnn Sw patin eeakte be besos ae invalids than Aiken. I met many here this summer both from the north and south who were afflicted with lung and throat troubles. I was glad to hear them tell that in coming here they acted upon the advice of their physicians, for it went to prove the speedy recognition of this climate by medical men asa good health resort. AGRICULTURAL WEALTH. The soll, too, is astonishingly rich and fertile for a mountain country. The bottom lands of the French Broad are in a high state of cultiva- tion, and the products raised rival, both in quan- tity and quality, the finest specimens of their kind found elsewhere. A few enterprising men have already recognized the value of the land, and are speedily buying it of the indifferent na- tives. The picturesque banks of the French Broad are now lined with eeveral newand thrifty looking farms. The simple, uninformed natives that are found here are ignorant of ourmanner of farming beyond the mountains, and when I tell them of some of our modern farming ma- chines they listen to me in wonder. They are @ lazy, non-progressive set, and yet, with the little attention they give them, their farms thrive wonderfully. for their wheat, they tellme, pro- duces, on an average, tweive bushels to the acre, and their corn fifty. This is remarkable for unfertilized mountain land, tilled, as it is, by snch indifferent, unenterprising men. A singular fact respecting this country is that the land is almost invariably rich up tothe very tops of the mountains. The mountaineers all along the valley roads are seen tilling their fields on well-rounded ridges far above you, while on their fertile slopes are seen luxuriant crops of corn, wheat and tobacco. The height and hilly character of the land makes it particularly adapted to the cultivation of tobacco. The kind mostly raisea is a supe- rior quality called the Oronoco. and the size and color of its leaves and the big price it brinzs are speedily giving this country a wide reputation |among tobacconists. Warehousemen from Lynchburg, Abingdon, Bristol, Winston, and Hickory are flocking here in large numbers to solicit patronage for their respective firms, while ithe rush of buyers to Asheville has led to the building of several large. fine-looking ware- houses here. It seems that the counties north of here, which are the more mountainous, pro- duce the best tobacco. A farmer in Mitchell county last summer told me that some of the tobacco he raised on a certain high ridge, which he showed me, and cured in an old barn built of logs, brought him that winter, in the warehouse, two dollars per pound. A GRAZING PARADISE. Cattle and sheep find here excellent pasturace up to the very summit of mountains, 6,000 feet above the sea. and when left to range on the mountains at this height they are often foaled and reared there until fit for market without seeing a civilized form. In the winters, which are peculiarly short and mild, they feed on the evergreen or winter graseea, and are rarely, if ever, fed by their owners.’ Salt, however. is given them now and then to keep them trom going astray. Imet onthe Roan motntain last summer a man who had been ranching sheep, he said, for thirty years. He had tried Kansas and Southern California, and when he finally came here he tound that this mountain land surpassed them both. He had then, he said, a large sheep ranch on the Green mountain, and he would not part with it for something pretty. MINERAL RESOURCES. The wealth of these mountains tn minerals is fast becoming famous. They are not only found in the greatest variety, but in the greatest abundance. Iron enters largely into the com- position of the soil. That taken from the now famous Cranberry mines in Watanza county has been pronounced to be the most superior in the world. A Pennsylvania company, in which Gen. Pardee has a large interest. has now con- trol of these mines, and I hear that a represent- ative of an English syndicate has recently made an offer of $11,000,000 tor the property, which has been refused. To transport their ore they have lately expended $1,000,000 on the con- struction of a narrow gauge road leading from their mines to a depot on the East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia railroad. Mica is found here in extraurdinary dimen- sions. Probably more than half the mica used in the United States comes from the mines in the western part of this state. Many very im- portant discoveries of the mineral wealth of these mountains have recentiv been made, but much yet remains untold. If the student of mineralo ‘y would but read the recent report of Prof. W. C. Kerr, the state geologist, he will find therein much to interest and surprise him. A NEW TIMBER FIELD. In the grand and hitherto unmolested foresta, that cover so much of this mountain 5 the finest timber of all kinds is found. I have seen plenty of walnut in the counties both north and south of here ten feet in diameter, while in Mitchell and Yancey I found fine specimens of cherry that measured as much as four. Iwould like to write in detail of the wealth of this mountain region In timber and minerala; but 1 dare not now, for want of space. Those who gaw the North Caroliva exhibit at net 20 feet long ts strange ! the late Institute fair in Boston have, perhaps, some idea of what these mountain resources are. This highly creditable exhibit fromthe Old North State we know, @ genuine sur- prise, and to many comments in the papers of the country. It will not be long, however, before that class of enterprising men who now have come as far as the valley of tne French Broad, will have compassed this entire mountain territory, and then with the proper development of its resources now facilitated by the present raliroad advantages, the reputation ot western North Carolina must become world- wide and famous. This must follow just as any as natural laws will produce fixed re- ‘THY NATURAL CENTER. Asheville, its chief town, has already a larce reputation, thanks to those southerners who have so happily selected it as their summer stranger's footstep. Far removed from the reg- at C ular paths of trade, and unapproached except thin deep dredging ls only incidental - ets Moen busilyemployed 1 codexvatee tones tenner were few who cared to come here, and, conse- home of the commun mackerel. Should we be | quently. few who could hear of wnat it had to it will o a winter fishing ground in which millions of dollars will be made. lose them. The exact spot phoma ap about forty miles from shore. The fish dinap- pear In the stormy November weather, leave the | Tanze were finally surface and sink out of sight. The Al! which is now lying at ee Brookiyn. will leave here on Wednesday next. Captain Tanner bas between here and Cape Sateen commissiun will discover their home and om. instractions to examine the coast | The-rush of visitors to Srtision wore pabtioned snanene in ayer li¢ notice. and ie Hi g a Hi overcome in the of the Swannannva tunnel. This was of a new era for Asheville and the western North Carolina. Doarding-houses to meet the Yet this was found insufficient. for room. LZ cure remained full the entire reason, and seth ieune lady was compelled to deny her & would-de quest for lack of room. This large number of visitors will, as a matter of courea, sound the trumpet of these mountains on thelr return to their bomes, avd their attractions must accordingly become wider known. ft is expected, therefore. that with this enia Teputation the increase in visitors next suinimer will be equally as great, and elaborate prepara tions are now veing made to receive them “Battery Porter,” a gently undulating bil situated in the very bead of the town where we could always get a lovely mountain view, will be no longer the retreat ef those who sou: " the quiet pleasure of its shad+ and scenery. Four wealthy gentiemen who have made this their summer. home have bought the proj and they propose to immediately erect. t the finest summer hotel in the south places tor a mountain b have, indeed, a8 much business The cost of the hotel will be $100,000, $50,000 more will be spent upon the Curn- iture and ands, There are few, if any. real good summer resorts tor southerners that are easy of access. Asheville Is now coming far- ward to supply this long-felt want we think of what she has to offe shelter to many . are as a leading place of resort looks, indeed, very bright. Nor ts her future as a tradiag town the less encouraging. WHAT THE PCTURE PROMISES. In another year another railroad will come from Spartan {n South Carolina, in order that we be reached more directly from the important cities of that state and Ge orgia, while a branch of the W stern Toad, now completed as far as W Tun in a southwesterly d'rection un the East Tennessee, Virginia and Georg: at Ducktown. This will make the town easily accessible trom New Orleans and the important towns that lie in that direction. ‘These ra:iruads, making direct lines from four {important quarters and converzing at this point, wili give this highly favored mountain town an excellent advantage in trade. Enterprising men are already on the ground Investing largely. | mense tracts of forest filled with gizautic +p mens of hard wood timber have been dought and saw mills are rapfily utilizing the finest Water power inthe land. The lumber revions of the northern and western states have been ly denuded of their best timber, but this handy regton is just opening a market.” Thrifty farmers are coming here to conduct t ‘obacco: plantations after their more advanced ideas; for if these semi-civilized nataves can produce such fine tobacco, what mignt no ey? Now that the new railroad facilities ofer to the resources of this rezion the market of which they have 8o long been deprived, the simplest mind can formsee for them an unusually rapid development and handsome profits to their owners. There- fore, as I said above, the buom to Asheville is = bigone. Four tobacco warehouses have recently been built, and several new factories are Gulng a steadily increasing business. Lwent out on ® camping trip during the montn of Septenver, and when I returned I found that every one of racant lots on fhe main street were being built upon, wifle on Patton avenue one five-story and three three-story buildings had been completed. Nor is this all. Thy proml- tly situated stores on the public square recently burned down, and tn Jess than a week aiter each lot was sold and the erection of three handsome new buildings bezun thereon by the men who bad purchased t Ove of these lots, comprising 1,400 squar , Sold for $3.25 a square foot. I know of no town so prettily situated as Asheville. The French Brod. Mountain streams, winds prettily an gently undulating hills, and from the piazza ot almost every howe the grandeur of a mountain view Is seen. Throughout the summers merry parties can be seen each pleasant d riding along the winding valley roads to clim| the neighboring peaks, and when tl their dizzy heights no tongue can de: artist picture the vast soul-inspiring: sc greet them The artist with his brush and palette has not yet come here, but when he comes, each distant mountain view, eact: forest. stream will prove to his esthetic keu far poeiiier and grander pictures thaa he ever saw in the Adirondacks or the White mountains of New England. Dr. Curtis, the well-know botanist, tells these facts in a few expressive words: “In all the elements,” he says. “which render ALIQUIS. TELEGRAPHY. IMPROVEMENT © Seventy-two Messages ata Time Over One Wire. From the New York Evening Post. The Standard Electric Maputactaring Com- pany, of this city, has been organized for the introduction of a system of telegraphy by which one wire can be made to do the work of a dozen, or, if necessary, of seventy-two wires. The principal ts oneupon which many attempts have been made to accomplish the same result—the use of a toothed wheel which makes or breaks the current as its teeth sweep past the connecting stylus a each tooth having a correspond- ing tooth in the receiving wheei which may be in another city. The wheel used by the new company Contains seventy-two teeth. Any one conversant with electrical matters will that if the wheel in Boston, tor instance, can be made to revolve in perfect synchronism with the New York wheel, that there could be sev- eaty-two messages going over one wire, for it each one of seventy-two receiving instruments could receive the current during the traction of @second during which the sending instrament passed over its particular cog, that would be sufficient tor practical purposes, as the wheel revolves at the rate of 170 rutations a minute, If o1 one cog in the wheel were to send a click to Boston every time the connecting brush passed over it, and that click advanced a clock-hand around a dial having letters instead of minute rks. it will be seen how @ message couli be sent. The dial-hand would move forward regulariy—one letter for every turn of the wheel in New York until the desired letter was reached, when a pause would indicate that that letter was to be written down. If two cogs in the sending wheel send an electrical impulse through the wire the dial band would move for- ward twice as fast, but it has been found that one cog ina wheel rotating 170 times in a min- ute gives a speed sufficient for basiness pur- poses, and enough to enable as many messaces to be sent every day as two business houses constantly in communication desire to ex- change. The great trouble with this system has been heretofore that absolute synchronism has not been obtained. Two chronometers, even resa- lated by electricity, do not move together with sufficient evenness, as the variation of the six hundredth part of a second or more renders the machine useless, The new device consists in introducing a certain number of rezutating cogs, which send a retarding current in case one ma- chine rans faster than the other. Where it is desirable to usethe Morse sounder the wheel is Givided into tweive parts of six ‘cogs each, and one cog in each of these twelve divisions sends @ pulsation to one of twelve ma- chines at the other end of the line. The pulsa- tions then come so close together that the sound property was not “in sight,” and its existence was only known the report of an occa- sional hunter, who, reaching the edze of the basin which surrounds the approach to the fa is, pocred at them curiously at a distance of threo- fvarths of a mile, and gained only an ut tory impression of @ vast body of spray and more roar. From the basin there was no sare footing ta: Blasting Fy 5 RE i ii 4 FS : ti HE ul i a] ff ii E f ry i