Evening Star Newspaper, June 23, 1883, Page 2

THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON SATURDAY. JU _ CITY AND DISTRICT. ST, PATRICK’s CHURCH. he Cidest Catholic Church in +4 Brief Historical 5 Patrick's 1s the oldest Catholic church in the city, having been established before the government was moved from Philadelphia, and When a number of the public buildings were in the course of erection. Rev. Father Caffrey. feeling the want of a chureh of that denomina- tlon—for many ot the workmen on the build- ings, as well as the early settlers, were of the Catholic taith—in 17 purchased from the gov- ernment for a nominal figure several lots in the fquare between 9th and 10th and F and G streets, and erected the church This was a smal, unpretentious brick building, to which the worshipers brought their own seats or chairs. The early parishioners of Father Caffrey included the Carrolis, Brents, Fenwicks, Hobans. Swee- neys, Carberrys. Youngs, and Dyers. It was a large congregation from the first, the church always being well filled, for then the parish took in the whole District east of Rock creek, a territory which is now occupied by tweive churches, each of which would bold four or more of the mother church. Rey. Father Caifrey ‘was transferred from St. Patrick's In 1804, and the lamented WM. MATTHEWS, then president of Georgetown college, was ap- pointed by Archbishop Carroll as his successor. He continued in charge till 1854, when he died, having served within a few months of a half century. In 1810 the first permanent pew was erected in the church by Mr. Barry, of East Washington, who about the same time erected on South Capitol street, below M street south, a brick chapel, which was used as a mission chapel by Father Matthews till 1821, when St. Peter's church, on Capitol Hill.was erected and placed in charge of Kev. Father Van Horsey. After the war of 1812 Key. Father Matthews enlarged the original edifice of St. Patrick's chureh, and purchased a gecond-hand orzan of the Episcopal church at Dumfries, Va., which was one of the first or- gans set’ up in the District. Under Father Matthews’ mi s the church prospered and grew, many members of the foreign ong being re a He was an earnest worker In good work. As one of the founders of t of @ century, ssociations testants i as Catholics. When St. Peter's church was es- tablished in 1821, and took off the Catholics frum the east fon of th and St. | se in the western part of leit with as many ud min’ rt er serving some four years, was succeded in 1859 by THE NT PASTOR, ° iter. Under Father Walter's ons have been kept ag of the new church was pro- Father Walter is not in favor of incur- debt, and the ears ago he st new chureh. r at one time, as his a it pastor, the late Rey. Father MeCarthy, who, abo: rs ago built the Immaculate © . and atter- wards I nmond, was | his assistant for 3 THE NEW CHURCH BUILDING. The work on the new church building having Fecently been resumed is now being pushed for- ‘ward vigorously. Father Walter says that he ex- pectsit to be the finest chureh structure south of New York. When finished it will be ready for consecration, as there will practically be no debt upon it. The property adjoining the | church, which is rapidly increasing in value, has been so well managed that Father Walter expects it to meet ail liabilities ineurred on ac- count of the chureh building. The architecture chosen for the new church is of pure gothic, | the plans and drawings having been made by | Mr. L.J. O'Connor, 111 B: ew York. | ‘The carpenter contracting is to furnish all the materials tor completing the roof, furring the | walls and ceilings and arches of the ehureh, wainscoting the walls, flooring | the whole building, baptistery and vestr: farnishing and setting the frames of all dows except where stone jambs are provided.— finishing the pews front and back with paneling, altar rail and zates;-all centers for the mason to | turn arches upon, also all slanting of roof and | inting, and all the labor necessary to complete | same in the best manner. He is also to lay | all floor beams and flooring; those of thechurch, | Vestry, baptistery and galleries to be 3 by 10 inch Deums of spruce, sixteen inches fall, the flooring of the whole church, vestry and baptistery to be Jaid with thick spruce plank. On completion of | plastering the carpenter fs to floor the whole of he space under the pews with the best thick clear pine flooring plank, blind nailed and in the sanctuary,vestry lery,baptistery and passages and all other parts of the building he 1s to lay the floors with wide clear Georgia pine tongue. The timbers of all the framing through- ‘out are to be of the best seasoned white pine. ‘The stairs in the towers are to have one center post in each, octazon in shape, of yellow pine, With steps framed into them, and treads to be Fellow pine, thick moulded and rise of pine. he windows, doors, wainscoting. jambs, gal- leties. partitions, altar railing, pews, closets, blinds, iron work, painting, slating, plumbing, gas fitting, &c., are all definitely detailed in the Specifications, and are all to be of the terns and mate: Mr. John als. perienced church builder, has the contract for the carpenter work for getting the building ready for plastering, when the contract for trimming and finishing will be made. Mr. B. Handrahan has the contract for the cat stone and masonry work. The church will be ready the plastering by January next. Tu ONRY WORK Fequired in the erection of this church has been pused up to the ¢ Story. ,The outer walla are of rock-faced broken asilan, squared beds and Joints all round: the plipths of the nave columns; the moulded bases andthe granite shafts and caps of the same material have been already furnished and now Ke in the limits of the building. The change of the plan will require the removal of the two Font plers forming the inside walt of the tower, ut the material taken down Is to be used and eccounted for in the estimate for the new work. All the side walls and chapels, as also the front and baptistery, are to be built of the sameblue (g2elss) building stone from the Potomac,above Jeorgetown. Twelve inch archea are to be turned over all doors and windows. The piers now built will be levelled for nave arcade, and the top of the large capstone will be dressed off | spring from @ more delicate nmencem@nt of the second | te receive a granite base 12 inches thick and 3 feet square, upon which the plinth of the col- ‘Umns shall be set. ‘The walls to support the altar will be carried up level with the piatform of the altar—twenty- one inches above the floor of chancel. The steps to the three front doors are to be made in two lengths, except where the specifications re- quire one piece; the treads to be tourteen inches clear, making each stone sixteen inches wide. ‘The specifications of Ohio sandstone Tequired in the erection of this church, according to the es ot the architect, require the contractor to furnish all the Ohio stone to complete the build- ing, the stone to be of the Berea quarry and all carefully selected and built on the natural bed, ud all to be of full size and to be more than balanced on the wall, the work to be done in the best manner, andthe curving of the gable over the door. the string courses, to be done in ‘the best manner; also ail crockets and interior carved work, the caps of the great columns and the responds on front wall and the responds on the transept alsle and the chancel walls to be carved in the best manner. The side transept windows and round windowsare to be furnished — arched jainbs, and also all the windows of he front. ——__—_+e-—_____. ‘Tesching Sewing im the Public Schools, ‘To the Faltorof Tax Evexmne Sran: % person who signs himself “One of Your Subseribers” proposes @ project as absurd as it {s impracticable, viz: that of teaching sewing in the public schools. Any one of common powers of discerament can see the di ot such ascheme. He suggests that It be taught 4m the afternoon session. Evidently he has not been into many of our schovis, or he would Knew that loss of the afternoon would be an in- estimable lossto the schools, asthe time at tag 4s Insufficient for the studies which claim 219 attention of both teacher and scholar. eeond, the plan would necessitate another ¥ in each school, who would demand much Righer wages than the proper teacher, and if the writer has read Tre EVEsixc Star’ he knows sormetiing ofthe trouble there was a — if fa paying them their hard-earned money. there were more teachers It would necessitate Digher taxes, erd there aze too weany who are unable to pay those that are now bearing upon them. Many of our citizens would decline to allow their children to learn sewing in school. I myself, for instance. Then again, there exists a pleasant rivalry be- tween ghe male and female schools as te which shall have the highest standard. This servés to create a wholesome spirit of emulation. Depriv- ing the female schools of the afternoons would destroy this, and there isno way in which it could be equalized, except by giving the male schoois Just half session each day, and that is not to be thought of. F. 8. ——_____+9-_____ ‘The Children’s Country Home. On Wednesday morning, the 20th, six little girls, between the ages of four and twelve years—the first party of children to go there— started for the country home. They were taken out in a large farm wagon, accompanied by two of the young lady managers. The drive in Itself was a great novelty and delight to them. Some of the children had never slept a night in the country in their little lives, and did not know exactly what it was like, but all were full of pleasure at the prospect, and when they heard of gathering wild flowers, and seeing the hay- makers and a beautiful peacock, and other de- lights, their eyes glistened with pleasure. One little thing was lame, and another had hurt her hand, and two little bright-eyed sisters, of nine and ‘eleven, looked as if the country air would make their pale cheeks more rosy. The trunk of toys sent by a little girl was ned for them, and if she gould have seen the children around it, gazing at the pretty books, &c.. she would have been amply repaid for giving them away. The little lame child will enjoy them especially, as she cannot rum or play with the others. These six children will stay until Saturday, the 30th of June, when their places wil, be d by others. Children’s names can be entered at the residence of the secretary, 1835 G street, and they will be taken in regular rotation. —_———__. A Good Place ® Good Thing. To the Editor of Tre Evestne Star: The suggestion in your Thursday's Issue, of an arch as 8 memorial of President Garfield, is a goodone. Such a structure would certainly be very appropriate, and, properly placed, very striking. When the stand pipe at the head of 16th street is removed, as it will be to the site of the new reservoir at 6th, the spot made vacant by its re- moval is, of ali others in the city, the most per- fectly adapted for such an arch. From the ureat elevation of that point, nearly 175 feet above the river, the structure could be seen | from a long distance, and it would front and | look directly down upon the White House, the scene of Gatileld’s long and patiently borne suf- fering. A stately arch, raised by the hands of the people to the memory of their martyred Presi- dent, would certainly be more app a d purer feel than the Are de Triomphe de [ Etvile, begun by the first Napoleon to commemorate his own victorie: Should the arch equal in height the Arcde Triomphe, the statue on its top would be 162 feet above the base and 337 feet above the level of the river. Such a structure would be a noble memorial to the dead President from the peo- ple, and a happy departure from the too preva- lent Washington fashion of .placing the heroes of the country upon br standing sometimes in unnatural atti L. ee Affairs Across the River. FALLS CHURCH NEWS—RAILROAD GREAT EXPEC- TIVAL SEASON—NEW BUILDINGS— THE CHURCHES, &C. Correspondence of Tar EveNINe STAR. Fats Cuvrca, Va., June 21, 1883. The change in the ownership and manage- ment of our only railroad has given new life and hope to the residents here. The Washington, Ohio and Western railroad is now making such arrangements to construct the road through the mountains to connect with the Shenandoah railroad, and also to make direct communication with your city as, we believe, will give new im- petus to building and improvement in our beau- tiful and healthy village. The strawberry season is about over; the crop was but medium in quantity, and the prices were better than the average of the past three or four years, but still it 1s not a paying crop to the growers, The peaches have dropped from the trees, even after having attained half size, owing to the cold spring weather, but Falrfax county will be able to furnish hundreds of baskets to your citizens ufter supplying our- selves bountifully. Our village has been gay and lively with the many strawberry festivals, lawn parties and church sociables. Week before last the the ladies of the Presbyterian church entertaines their many friends at the beantiful grounds of Mr. C. H. Buxton. The net proceeds resulting from the sale of ice cream, strawberries, etc.. made a handsome addition to the organ fund of the ladies’ sociable committee. On Tuesday evening of this week the young ladies of the Southern Methodis church held an ice-cream festival in the beautiful ‘ounds at the residence of James Brunner. The youn; people of the village were out in full force, an the pecuniary result of the affair was highly gratifying. ‘On the same evening, at 6 o’clock, the ladles of the Congregational church and congregation welcomed their many friends to an old-fash- joned New England dinner, on the beautiful law nsurrounding the residence of Mr. A. H. Raymond. The occasion was theregular church sociable, and the Yankee Virginians furnished @ bounteous dinner without price. The numer- ous Japanese lanterns added beauty to the scene at a later hour. On the-same day the ladies of the Presbyterian church furnished an elegant lunch: and dinner in their Sunday school rooms to about thirty friends from Washington, who came out to at-~ tend a “foreign missionary” meeting. Last Tuesday was truly a day of good cheer in our village. = Our new school building will be ready for the fall opening of the schools. The two lower stories will be used for school purposes; the third story is finished in one large hall, which will be used as @ public hall, it is e we have no large room here for general publie purposes. Already the “ Occastoval club” has had two meetings in it, with a supper and dancing. and have raised quite a fund for the Qnishing and furnishing of the hall. The Baptist church is still without a pastor, but service has been held on Sundays, with but two or three exceptions.ever since their late pas- tor, Rev. Mr. Thomas. resigned last winter, to accept a charge in Baltimore. All the other churches here are supplied with ministers, and the citizens of your city that come to our place for the summer will be able, among our numerous churches, to find their own particular church home. When our raliroad connections are made through and direct we hope to welcome many of your people to our cool and healthy village each summ: . ARBOR ViIT#. A Hermit and His Treasures, From the Vicksburg Post. In passing along the road Sunday afternoon, near Magnolia hall, the headquarters of General Grant during the siege, some four miles from town, our reporter stumbled upon a shanty built alongside the road and evidently inhabit In- spection revealed an aged man named Wash Green, a resident of this coanty ie forty years, who is the sole occupant of this place, and he keeps a constant watch upon several curiously shaped boxes. Mr. Green proved to be commu- nicative and interesting, £0 much so that he makes @ very poor specimen of the hermit, while he certainly posseases a fund of varied intorma- tion concerning people and eventsof this county and state which cannot fail to interest the lis- tener. He cheerfully opened the boxes and re- vealed the most perfect ossified remains of @ mastodon we have ever seen. One case contains a tusk and preservation, the = similar to that of DOING DAKOTA. A_ Washington Boy on His Travels— Life in the Great Northwest—Scenes and Adventures Incident te Holding Down a Goverament Land Claim, Correspondence of Tmt Evextne STAR. Crarx, Daxota Tegrirory, June 10th, 1883. If any one will take a map of the United States and follow the northern boundary line westward he will notice a large tract of land designated Dakota. The name is of Indian origin, being derived from the word Dacotah, the name of a tribe of aboriginals that made this vast domain their home many years before the paleface penetrated the bound- less prairie, and whose chief, Dacotah, is cele- brated in the annals of Indian history. To-day Dakota's prairie lands are alive with emigrants, and thousands of eastern people, drawn thither by a desire for public land, and the unusual climatic advantages for the cultiva- tion of cereal crops. To give your readers some little conception of the extent ofthis vast territory I will state that the area of Dakota is larger than the combined areas of Maine, New Hamp- shire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Dela- ware and West Virginia, with a balance of terri- tory sufficient to make a state 33 times larger than the District of Columbia. Dakota besides has enough area to make a kingdom larger than Great Britain and Ireland and half of Holland. This immense territory is at present governed by an appointee of the Chiet Executive at Wash- ington, N. G. Ordway. THE GROWTH OF DAKOTA. Tnasmuch as the attention of the whole coun- try has been drawn to the demand of Dakota for admission Into the union of states, It will be of interest to many to learn of her population. In 1860 there were but 4,837 persons resident In Dakota; in 1870, 14.181, and in 1880 something like 95,000. Since the taking of the last census the latter number has been largely augmented by a steady flow of immigration into this coun- try. The railroad traffic has grown to enormous proportions. In 1872 there was notasingle rail- road running into the territory. To-day there are three companies, whose lines are rapidly mak- ing a spider’s-web appearance of the broad ex- panse of rolling prairie land. To the Chicago and Northwestern, and Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul railroads belong thacredit of the great Dakota boom. The rush te Vakota in the past three years has been unprecedented in the his- tory of American colonization. Naturally the question arises in the minds of the cnrious eastern folk what Is the cause of this extraordinary rush here. Residents of Washing- ton have the facilities at hand, in the office of the commissioner of public lands, to acquire 9 Knowledge of the why and wherefore. It Is the prospect of getting four hundred and eighty acres of public land that induces people to come to Dakota. Under the land laws a per- son over twenty-one years of age can take up three land grants, A pre-emption grant, 160 acres of land, which requires occupancy by th x months, and at the expira- yment to the government of ctly $1.25 per acre; a home- ‘ hich requires five years resl- dence only and the payment of land Office fees, and a timber claim of 160 acres, which has cer— tain regulations of law as tothe cultivation of the tract, which can easily be complied with by the claimant. BIG LAND BUSINESS. Some Idea can be had of the extent of theland business in Dakota by the increase in the num- ber of clerks In the general land office at Wash- ington, For the year 1883 the business in the various land offices throughout Dakota has been unprecedented, taxing the officers In charge to their utmost capacity in meeting the great pres- sure of claimants seeking land. Having introduced your readers to the coun- try and the nature of the motives which are in- ducing so many to come from all quarters of the United States and Europe, I will give a huriied sketch of Dakota characteristics,touching briefly on the people, and the scenes incident to acamp life in the broad prairie lands, HOW ONE GETS TO DAKOTA. The entrance to this vast domain is made through Chicago, though thereis alar ge amount of travel which comes into northern. Dakota. at Fargo, by way of St. Paul and northern Wiscon- sin. By a system of skillful and shrewd adver- tising both railroads obtain a heavy transporta- tion of immigrants and freight. In this connec- tion it may be of interest to state that during the period commencing March 15, 1883, and ending April 18, 1883, 184 freight cars, carrying in the neighborhood of four and one-nalf mil- Mons of pounds of merchandise, consisting mainly of emigrant movables and stock, has been received at and for people in Clark. Those who come here find a land of school- houses and churches; railroads and splendid mar- kets; push and energy; good society and en- lightenment. It would surprise those resident in the east to know the large number of young men in Dakota. It isa clear demonstration of the fact that the old and already thoroughly developed country east is no place tor young men of enterprise and ambition in any of the pursuits. The reason is clearly explained by the fact that {t is almost Impossible for young men. without capital or influence to compete success- fully with men already established in business. CONCERNING CLARK. Prominent among the towns of central Dakota is Clark, the county seat of Clark county, al- ready one of the richest in this section of the territory. Its history may be of interest, inas- much as it is a tair sample of the western towns of “mushroom growth.” The village of Clark was laid out on paper early in May, 1882, but nothing was done toward building the town until June, when the first building was erected. Onthe site where one year ago not a sign of civilization had appeared now stands one of the most thriving and beautiful villages in the land, its warehouses and grain elevators receiving the products of the surrounding farms, and its humerous and extensive business houses fur- nishing articles use and ornament in return. To-day the population Is something like 800, and the wholesale and retail trade of the town is done by forty business -firms. During the one of Clark's existence 150 buildings have been | ed, besides a large number of busine: As already sald, the main object of a visit to Dakota is in the interest of government land, and it is astonishing how rapidly the land Is being taken up. It is predicted by the land of- cers that before fall the entire country east of the Missouri will be taken up by settlers. This great influx of people has, of course, materially Increased the population of 147,490 square iniles, which has induced many of the prominent political leaders of Dakota to seek to gain the admission of our territory into the Union. It being the prevalling opinion that the pre- emption law will be repealed during this com- Ing Co great many, in fact the major- ity, take o1 pre-emption entry and a tree claim together, and then, at the expiration of six months, move out on the former and take up a homestead claim. But to take up a home- ean forfeits the right to take upa pre-emption claim. It was this great privilege of acquiring good public land and to take a peep at the country in the great northwest that caused your corres- pondent to take the Journey of something like eighteen hundred miles from the home of his childhood and high priced gas to the land ot two seasons. Dakota has no spring and ‘au- tumn, but lawyers and doctors are thicker than Politicians around Washington. ‘The eastern people who get discouraged here because they do not find the persuns they meet to be of a teachable character, and who come to Dakota expecting to dig gold up In the streets and kill their game already dressed and cooked, are styled by Dakotans ‘tenderfeet.” THE DAKOTA “‘RUSTLERS.” The people themselves bear the suggestive title of “rustlers.” And don’t they deserve their title? A gentleman at my elbow has just told mea funny incident of an eastern man’ Lapentalp hl vealeey ‘One of the men who is learni iO th tricks ent the treat 2 ane hs eto ly ed, 8 not all move out of ee ghborhood. Just imagine what an immense business the land office for this district has done, when it s"known by: official report that 220,540 nereayofgoreratsent aed. taen ‘er b 101 ment taken up in this land district fone, Hon. O. G. Williams, ex-member of, Coi from Wisconsin, is the tegister of the land office, and Gen. H.R.Pease, also an ex-member of Congress from the south, is the receiver. Both officers stand high here in the estimation of the people. But the most laughable picture of allin western life is the claimhoider. The eastern man under- goes @ complete metamorphose. After securin: his claim he purchases sufficient lumber to bull him astructure about 6x10, which is appropriately called out here a “shanty.”~ This is held by his neighbors and the land officers as an ‘‘improve- ment.” Then he has several acres plowed up, which costs $3 per acre. The large percentage of claimholders do not live continuously on their claims, only visiting them every two weeks. You can safely bet the fellow who returns to town from his claim Is easily distin; able from his fellows at meals In the hotel Eat! why the lawyer's fees in a will contest is no comparison. On his claim he cooks his own meals, and pays little attention to regularityin his_meal hours— eating at anytime. The most popular dish is that which requires the least cooking, and which can be gotten up the quickest to meet the demand. Oatmeal has been worked up into so many forms that it would amaze a Washington boarding- house keeper. A great many of the shanties or copeeueee of sod. 1,000 1 akota has @ newspaper tor every 1,600 in- habitants, with sees, prospects for the future. It is really astonishing how they epring upand live. They are, for themost part, wel edited, and are liberally patronized by. the busi- ness men. In Clark there are two papers, both doing well. The representative paper, of the county, however, is the Clark Pilot, which has subscribers in Washington city. 8. B. Minton. LITERARY NOTES. DYNAMIO SICIOLOGY, OR APPLIED SOCIAL SOIEAOCE, AS Base UPON SELEICAL SOCI- OLO +Y¥ A’ By Laer 'D THE LESS COMPLEX SCIENCES, B y -M. Int two volt < 0: o volumes, New This work is a fundamental discussion of many of the most important questions of sclence and philosophy in their bearings upon social economy and human affatrs in general. It does not treat directly these current questions in any department, and yet it furnishes the basis In science and tn logic forthe correct solu- tion ofnearly allof them. It is, therefore, ex- ceedingly opportune, as there has never been a period in which greater activity existed in the direction of thoroughly working ont and scien- tifically settling the problems of social, national and individual life. While this book bears clearly and boldly upon questions of religious liberty, of the rights and duties of the sexes. and of political economy in its broadest sense, it bears more especially upon three of the great national questions which are just now pressing for solution in this country, and which must enter largely into the coming political cam- paign. The first of these is the question of reg- ulating foreign trade—the tariff question. The second is that of regulating internal transporta- tion—the monopoly question. _ The third is the question of public education. Those who intend to take part in any of these discussions cannot afford to be ignorant of what the author of this work says. They need not, however, expect to find their pet hobbies passionately defended. The writer is no partisan. Scarcely do any of the popular shibboleths, such as “protection.” “free trade,” “anti-monpoly,” etc., occur in the work. It deals constantly with the deeper laws of so- ciety, and alms to ‘furnish a true science of politics, about which men will no more dispute than they now do about the science of chemis- try. And if the author seems at times to take strong grounds on one side or the other of any: of these discuasions, it is because he perceives that the opposite side has failed to grasp some fundamental truth of nature and is being led astray by ignotance or error. Thecareful study of this work by candjd inquirers into our social and national polity, cannot fail to impart a sober and healthful tone to public discussion. We therefore welcome it on the eve of a great national campaign, not only as a work which is calculated to allay animosity, but also as one tending to secure in no small degree the agree- ment of all parties upon some of the most vexed questions of the times. Mr. Ward has for many years been a resident of Washington, ana'we are glad to see that he has improved the opportunities thus afforded for making so thorough a study of national and social affairs as presented here at the political center of the country. THE DOLVIVER ROMANOR, FANSHAWE, and SEPTIMUS FELTON, with ‘an Appendix, contain- ing THE ANCESTRAL FOOTSTED. ” By Nat a: Houghton, Miffin m: Wim. Ballantyi & Son. FRANIEL HAWTHORNE. | Bostor TALES, SKETCHES, AND OTHER PAPER’ ‘With s Biogre & Co. 8. By NataanicL HawTHOune. phical arsons Lathrop. — Boston: ‘Washington: Wm. Bal- The publishers are entitled to, and will doubt- less receive, the thanks of the better class of the reading public for having given to the world the very handsome, complete and uniform edi- tion of the writings of Hawthorne, of which the two named above constitute the closing vol- umes. While not 80 expensive as to be placed beyond the reactr of people of moderate means, the set ishandsome enoughasan example of book- craft,—as it 1s also worthy ina literary point of view,—to be given a piace of honor in any library. The last volume is fitly embellished with a portrait of Hawthorne. MAN DEFORE METALS. By N. Jouy. Now York: D. Appleton & Co. Washington: “A. Brentano & Number XLV of the “International Scientific Series,” and one of the most interesting of the set, this volume presents the resultsof the study of prehistoric man made froma geological, philological, and, indeed, from every other scientific point of view. Beginning with a gen- eral survey of our knowledge of the prehistoric ages, and describing the European bone caves, it mosses, the lake dwellings, the burial and the American mound-builders, the r concludes with a review of prehistoric domestic life, industry, agriculture, nayigation, the rude arts, language and religion. It is illus- trated with ‘nearly one hundred and fifty en- gravings, and, after the manner of the excellent series to which It belongs, its phraseology and discussions are kept within the range of the average reader. DANIFL WEBSTER. By Wexay Canor Lopar. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co. Washington: Wim. Ballantyne & Son,” © CO = Mr. Lodge has drawn largely from the ample biography of Mr. Webster by Mr. George Ticknor Curtis for the materials of this volume, though he differs widely from that author in not a few of his conclusions. He has, however, sought information from many sources, and really makes ood his claim that he throws considerable new ight on his subject. Mr. Lodge’s work seems to have been intelligently and conscientiously done, and while his Judzments are not likely to be acceptable to Mr. Webster's own friends, they are doubtless such as will be approved by pos- terity, and are even Now quite generally enter- tained by those. who have carefully studied the subject. ‘ . ©. USTRE “Ostinaot envicag 00 Heprodctigay aapeee 8 York: Those not able to attend the yearly exhibitions of the Patis Salon and yet desire to keep advised of its doings and the lines in which certain artistsiare working are under obliga- tions to Mr. Bouton for thelr ability to do 80 through his enterprise. Like its the volume before us contains not only a com- plete list of all the works exhibited, and by The artists thomeclven of the Princt pal pictures ves and st: which add both peg and value to the publication. ENGLISH AS SHE IS SPOKE: Or, A Jest in Sober Farnest. With: After a brief enumeration of the oats pH crecroreys by his book above all others of like character,*he modestly coneludes: “We expect then, who the little book (for the care what we wrote him, and for her ical correction) that may be worth the accepta- tion of the studious persons and ly of the Youth, at which we. dedicate him ‘ieu- larly.” After this tt is easy to believe that the anecdotes ‘-Idlotisms and Proverbs,” introduced for the edification of beginners, are as irresisti- bly funny as anything can be. THE PRAIRIE FLOWER, and its LENI EEOTE By Faregn Besaerr. *Siiintelphus This is a reprint of a couple of stories that were popular with a certain class of readers from a quarter to a third of acentury ago, but for which there 1s not likely to be much of a de- mand at the present time. Under the title of “Topica of the Time,” Mesera. George P. Putnam's Sons have com- menced the publication of a series of twelve volumes, in which they design to bring together, for the convenience of readers and permanent Preservation, a collection of essays embrac- Ing the results of the best thought of the best writers of the day, chiefly selected trom leading continental periodicals. Of the set, which is edited by Titus Munson Coan, two vol- umes have already appeared.—one discussing social problems, the other containing short bio- graphical sketches,—giving evidence that the enterprise is one well worthy the attention of the reading public. - “* The Manhattan’”is the title of a new monthly magazine hailing trom New York, which, with- out making any stir or setting up large claims in its own behalf, is steadily moving to the front rank of putlications of its class. The illuatra- tions in the June number, while not up to the high mark of Harper'sand The , are yet decidedly clever in their way, and several of its Papers possess first-class interest, coupled with & high order of literary merit. The latest number of the “ Lovell’s Library” series is a reprint of Edward Kellogg’s “ Labor and Capital.” This work attracted wide atten- tion when it first appeared a number of years ago, and the agitation of its subject matter at the present time makes its reappearance quite opportune, and is certain to win for it favorable consideration now. Through Brentano we havea copy of G. P. Putnam’s Sons’ Manual for Tourists to the Yel- lowstone National Park, full of illustrations and facts in relation to the many and varied attrac- tions of that wonderland. ——___~-e._______ FUN-LOVING BACKUS DEAD. Some Stories of His Life. From the New York Sun. Backus was a born comedian. It was just as natural for him to do low comedy as for a baby to cry. It was in his feet, In his arms, and above all, in his face. His wink would make @ man laugh, and his grin woulld convulse a | packed house. He more than held up hig end of the row of | San Francisco minstrels. Probably his most re- | markable doings as hesat at the right (as to the audience) of the ebony arc inthe first part of the performance were accomplished with his mouth. This extraordinary feature was a rare gift to one in his profession. By its unaided manipulation he could at any moment bring down the house. It was his especial delight to find a aes 2 of children in the box at his left elbow. fe could turn his head. and plunge them into paroxysms of laughter by simply causing his mouth to run in a wavy, catacornered way across his face. It was a large mouth by nature, and he added to {ts vast appearance by stopping the burnt cork an inch or so short of its confines, and filling in the interval with a beautiful ver- milion, He could describe with his mouth a circle, a crescent, a triangle, a parallelogram, or a streak of lightning at pleasure. Everything that he did with his mouth was full grown, not to say inordinate. When he spoke Italian after Salvint or French after the Bernhardt the sounds of those languages were like thunder rolled through a bordering of St. Vitus. When he moved his mouth merely, the children screamed with merriment; when he spoke through tt, they nearly died of terror. He bubbled with fun, and his vivacity on the stage did not exceed his humor off it. To a reporter who called to inquire about his health some years ago he said: “Dve a painfal, but, mind yon, an aristocratic disease, gout. Birch had ita year ago, and I've been Jealous of him ever since.” In speaking of his early life he sald: “I was not born like the generality of people who have become known—of poor but honest parents. Iwas born of wealthy parents, who were not only honest to begin with, but re- mained eo. Consequently Iam not related to any bank presidents, heads of insurance com- panies, check ralsers, or defaulting cashiers.” When Ad Weaver stopped him on the street, flourished his fists in his face, and threateningly demanded if he had made an objectionable com- ment about him, Backus looked around and, seeing that his field of escape was open, sald “Yes,” and then ran off. “This,” he was wont to say, “was a good demonstration of the superi- ority of brain over mere brute sti th.” A disconsolate father called upon him one day and said: “I have no control over my son; he wants to become a minstrel singer. I have in vain tried to induce him to embrace the law, medicine, or ministry. He is going to destruc- tion. How can ! divert him?” ** Perhaps you don’t go the right way to work with the poor boy,” said Mr. Backus. “ Per- haps you don't give him enough amusement. Boys will be boys. Be gentle with him. Dress him. Take him around to see the sights. Take him to Boston and lead him to that cradle of liberty Faneuil hill. Then take him to the top of Bunker hill monument—and throw him over.” Mr. Backus heard that a gentleman, insulted at something he had said, was searching for him, to shoot him. He sent him this message: “Kill Bireh. He has no child, and I have.’ On one of his periodical visits to Rochester, Mr. Backus was invited to visit a very fine, tall, and large business building called Power's lock, then newly erected on the main street. He was told that a beautiful view ofthe city and aglimpse of Lake Ontario could be obtained from the roof. The building contained no ele- yator, and the minstrel a very heavy and short- winded man, climbed and climbed traversin; flight after flight of stairs between the groan floor and the roof. On the top story he halted opposite a door and rapped until the janitor's daughter responded. “Excuse me,” said Backus, puffing and pant- ing and mopping his face with his handkerchiet, “but is St. Peter in?” —— ‘The Proper Position for Sleeping. ¥rom the London World. A German, Baron Reichenbach, has occupied many years in studying the art of bed making orrather bed placing, and maintains that im properly placed beds will shorten a man’s life. Ita mere magnet exercises sensitive persons, the earth's m: must certainly make itself felt on the nervous life of man. In whatever hemisphere, you may always sleep with your feet to the eqi r, and let your body lle “true as a needie to the _ Ihe proper direction of the body is of the ut- most importance for the ebhGed Siregeea bloos al in the occupied. Let su the habit of sleeping with their heads where thelr feet ought to be take toheart the example of thelate Dr. Elschwester, of Magdeburg, suicide, and that diseases are often aggravate’ by deviations from the proper postures. Beason Enough fer Pawning wi Watch. ‘From the Detroit Free Press. with its | that want.” LETTER FROM NEW YORK. Astor, the daughter of Mr. Wuliam Astor, The Death ef Charice Backus—Geb- hard and Lengtry-The Atalanta— See —-. Irish Immi- grante—Hetura of Edwin Booth—The American Team—A Young Heiress, Etc. 4 Special Correspondence of Tx Evexrxe Stan. New Yor, June 23. The death of Charlie Backus was not unex- ected, but it was none the less sad. He was a genial, warm-hearted, whole-souled man, and his loss will be felt by old New Yorkers, to whom his face is as familiar as that of the City Hall clock. For years everybody saw Mr. Backus, in his usual place, every day during the season on Broadway unless the weather was stormy. He patroled the block in front of his theater every afternoon, attired in gorgeous style in ablue Prince Albert coat, huge white collar and shining beaver hat. He was ac- quainted with every third man who came along, and everybody knew him. Business men walk- ing uptown fejt as though they had been de- frauded of part of the charm of their prome- nade if they were not greeted with the sight of Charlie's smiling countenance at the upper end of Broadway. He was a natural co! ian. He a exactly off the ashe did when on, and his stage 5 temper was quiet and jolly. He will be sadly mieed . ‘ GEBHARD AND LANGTRY. “Freddie” Gebhard’s victory on the turf was & great triumph for him. He and Mrs. Langtry are more Intimate than ever. They are staying at the Oriental hotel, on the eastern portion of Coney Island, very near the race course. They watched Eole very carefully every day. When the great race came off on Sheepshead bay, the first woman to step on the grand stand was Mra. She had the second box from the club-house, and watched the track eagerly until Mr. Gebhard’s horse was brought on. Eole isa es animal, and has been the special pet ‘of the Lily ever since she has known the gentle “Freddie.” Nobody went to see Mra. Langtry at the box except afew men about town and one or two ladies, who are unknown tothe higher social world. In the other boxes the society belies visited one another, and were freely visited in turn by the best men of New York society. Many coaches were on the ground, and the scene was one of exceptional oot Both Mrs. Langtry and “Freddie” backed Kole, and they both won very heay- ily. After the horse won Mrs. Langtry could not restrain her enthusiasm, and rising in her box she waved her handkerchief, while her face was wreathed in smiles. When Gebhard rushed up to be- congratulated by her after he left his horse on the race-course Langtry patted him on the back and shook both his hands warmly. As the pair were driven from the grounds immediately after the race the people cheered, that is those of the people who won money on Eole. Gebhard since he stopped roaming around the country with Mrs. Langtry has improved wonderfully. He has gained twenty pounds within the last three or tour months, and is now as robust and fine-looking @ young fellow as any one could desire. He is tall and straight as an arrow, and his cheeks, which were formerly shrunken, have rounded out and are improved by a ruddy color. He still dresses in the most fashionable toggery and is a respectful and constant attendant upon the Lily. There are rumors concerning Eole’s vic- tory. They grow more scandalous every day. It is said that the race was not a fair one. THE ATALANTA. Jay Gould’s Atalanta has proved to bethe fastest sea-going yacht afloat. This isa great satisfaction to Mr. Gould, for if there is one thing he likes above everything else on earth, it is his ability to get out ahead of the crowd. Some men want pretty yachts; others want. comfortable yachts, but Gould wants a fast yacht and he has got it. Seventeen miles an hour Is pretty steep time, but the Atalanta makes it with ease,and in making it, she will leave every other yacht of her class astern. Imagine the Joy of Commodore Gould; who, by the way, does not know a marlin spike from a ae gallant mast, when he comes into rivalry wit! the aristocratic members of the New York and Eastern Yacht clubs. He can sit on the stern of his great steamer—for the Atalanta isnothing more or less than an ocean going steamer— dangle his legs over the stern, stick his tongue in his cheek and look at the men who black- an influence on |- balled him, as he leaves them farastern. Gould is not much ofa success socially, but he seems to catch up with the procession and the chances oe ever getting left behind seem lamentably IMPORTED PAUPERS. The streets are filled with paupers, tramps and beggars, and still they continue to arrive by the thousands. Of the 760 immigrants landed a week ago as paupers in this country by the British government fully third are now on the streets. The pauper nuisance is becoming unbearable here, and it is constantly on the in- crease. How can we take care of it when the British government dumps such a consignment of non-supporting immigrants on us every week? It seems to me that this isamatter in which the government Itself should take action. It is un- doubtedly a good thing for Great Britain to se- lect the poorest, meanest, oldest, least useful and vicious of its pauper elements and send them over to us. But we ought to have some- thing to say in the matter. In New York there are hundreds of charitable organizations, a vast branch of the city government, and vate individuals entirely devoted to relieving the wants of the poor anddestitute. Take such a charity, for instance, as the St. John's guild. Hundreds of worthy people interest themselves every year In getting up excursions and in pre- paring food and clothing for the needy who are in communication with this society. Their annual report shows that they have done a great deai of good, and their influence, in connection with that of several kindred societies, has had a marked effect on pauperism. Besides this, our bareau of charities and corrections hasincreased in efficacy and thoroughness of late, and the tramps have been clubbed with such enthusiasm and regularity that even they look upon New York with anything but a lovingeye. New York has been called the most charitable city in the world. I do not know whether that is so or not, but certainly it spends a great deal of money in charities, and yet it all goes for naught when paupers can be dumped in upon us in this wholesale fashion, THE RETURN OF BOOTH. Edwin Booth hasreturned, and been duly in- terviewed by the reporters. He said exactly what he might have been expected to say—that he was happy to get back to his own country ‘again; that his trip had been hi that the Germans but he had no idea ne would be so enthusiastio- derstand ‘Shakespeare is complimentary te the compliment not to Mr. Booth, as the pehearns npg teen The chances are that any scholarly Shakespearean actor would make as Seg an Stroma ji Cormany a5 Booth: but then are few actors as thorough scholarly as he. His daughter Edwina is said to be is the son of aan architect ot that name, who is also supervising architect of. Both Booth and his ho | city. Actors view with considerable satisfaction Mr. Booth’s sentiments with ‘Way that is scarcely consistent with ood taste, Recently, when Miss Astor appeared in a kere miss and danced a decorous Dutch reel, several of the papers had articles headed “Miss Carrie Astor as a Ballet Dancer.” Her costume, so far from being that of a premiere danseuse, was an which caine down te ior bens Cea tonana neck and long sleeves. Since that, when the RARers have little to do they constantly recur to . wi and write her ey us Ways. morning —. ay, for had a whole column headed “Lucky Catches fot Impecunious Bachelors.” Underneath it gave @ iption to the extent of haifa column of Miss Astor. Among other things, it e of her as being 23 years old, and charact: her as a “plain, insignificant little girl, who no one would think of noticing twice, were it not that she was the heiress of many millions of dollars.” ‘The article subsequently admitted, however, that Miss Astor was iy bred, and quiet in manner. This was kind in the jou after its description of one of the most charming girls in New York society. Inthe same article it said that Miss Gould was not quite sixteen years of age, but was possessed of @ sweet, bright faee and graceful carriage. Atter this the article describes minutely how business. like Miss Astor and Miss Gould were trained in New York. How, when heiresses come from families with large feet, their own are bandaged up like Chinese Infanta, and they are not allowed to waik till they are well grown children; also, that the hair is put through a certain process to make it thick while still young; that helresses are taught to say “pranes and prisms,” so that thelr mouths may made small, and other sickening and ridiculous details. ‘Tale te the worst sort of personal journalism, SPANISH COUT SCANDAL. The Enfelicitio:s Which Led te the Separation of the King and Q: . ‘Madrid Correspondenos Innspruck Tagebiatt. The long expected court scandal shows signs of soon developing into public notoriety. Here, where all the avenues of actual news are closely guarded, gossip takes Its place, and especially in the court society prevails a freedom of dis- cussion such as one may not even find the echo of in the press. That the queen has long contemplating escape from the Latin school morals in which she lives in spite of herself is known almost everywhere. Nor is the cynical Indifference ot his majesty to the sug. gestive conditions of his own accession to the throne leas freely debated. How- ever little the mild and ascetic Francis of A® sissi may have contributed to the character of Alfonso, there can be no doubt that the anima- lism of bis mother, Isabella, and of his grand« mother, Christine, 1s repeated with increased force and abandon in the king. He has al- ready given to his court a flavor of pronounced corruption. His first enjoyment of the royal | prerogative took the form of an Snsistance on his droits de sei: His profligacy, shockti evento Spaniards, has been at |i candi and his subjects have never been ignorant of | the times or places when he played the part of | Haroun Al Raschid. It is generally known, | that bis life has been more than once jendangered in his street rambles, and & gypsy girl, on a certain occash nearly put an end to them with her bodkin. na passions are apt to disdain the beauties of the court and gravitate, like those of most youn men, towards vulgar celebrities. It is true thi one young duchess suffers the sometimes envied taint of his distinguished preference; but the ladies who dance for him after his littic supper in the palace, and those whom he visits incog- nito, attended by two of his faithful military chamberlains, are of the common class—circus- riders, tumblers, singers and half-bred gitane. He 1s very active and supple, with a bull. fighter's physical address. His eyes are brown, but full of changing tints, and bis mouth is ln: gularly vivacious and expressive. His mustache is very fine and silken, his hair all but black, his teeth very white and his smile extremely fascl- nating. He ts less hysterical than most Latina, and is a great deal more brusque. The queen is as proud as most Austrian prin. cesses, and is inclined, perhaps, ;Tather with the quality ot her ri the morals of her hu/band. She has not grown. very popular here—not even as popular as Marie Therese grew with her French subjects. An in- tense virtue and a sullen pride are equally fatal in Spain to the adoration of the common people. As for the aristocracy, while it views with in- terested alarm the profligacy of the king, it ob- Serves with polite amusement the evident - ousy and discomfort of the queen. Happily in Spain one does not overturn a dynasty on moral grounds, so the king is reasonably safe for the Present. But the Austrian contingent of the court does not scruple stag! sige) its chagrin, and, indeed, its indignation. The queen's Ger- mantic household resents the circus riders 4 it genus omne with a loyalty that both irritates jest oy tts | nthie i “i discord. tf jesties, ani 7m growing discord, from anything, that the domestic troubles of publicly and ~¥ wife will derive the dangers of ublicity and, In consequence, an open rupture. Weantitne “‘Nuesta Carmencita” bounds through her ee of fire as gayly as if the flames were not likely to be fanned by an com- plication. Spot on the Sun. From the New York Sun, June 21. Some very remarkble changes occurred be- tween Tuesday and Wednesday in the groups of spots which are now visible on the sun, and whose existence can be detected with the ald of no greater magnifying power than that of an ordinary opera glass. One of the groups which on ‘Tuesday consisted of four conspicuous black and Jagged holes in the shining surface broke up in a few hours into a great number of small spots, which were arranged yesver- day in the most singular shapes, and over an area far exceeding In extent the whole surface of the earth. In another group enormous white bridges were thrown across & black central chasm as broad as the Atlantic, and ina third group a vast depression, resem- bling a shadowy veil drawn over the glowing photosphere was developed around a cluster of dark pits. All around these wonderful groups the glowing surface of the sun appeared in the telescope covered thick with white specks like the flaky particles in a mass of buttermilk, and. here and there appeared intensely brilliant crinkling lines, marking the spots where sprouts and jets of flery hydrogen gas were burstit forth from the sun's interior. astronomers be able to tell what causes these tremendons outbreaks, which wax and wane in periods of eleven years, and occasionall; prvtaly ashi . across goeyd odd mil of mi space by setting the earth's atmosphere aglow with electric light and playing freaks with the telegraph wires, now magnetic torrent avg J through them the and strength itning, striking thes powerless? _ E i i and again dinesat home. As he goes out so regularly he sometimes forgets where he isto go. The other Ht { HH rf ae i 4 j as HY fs a ef i ‘i BF fal