Evening Star Newspaper, October 1, 1881, Page 2

STORM SIGNALS THE SEA COAST LINE OF THE SIGNAL CORPS—HOW AND WHERE THE STATIONS ARE ESTABLISHED— THE MODE OF OPERATING THE LINE. The following is taken from a letter recently Written by officers of the siginal corps, to the London Lioyds, in reply to inquires from the latter, regarding the American systsm ef storm signalling: On March 3rd, 1873, Congress authorized the establishment of signal service Stations at light-houses, and life-saving stations on the lakes and sea-coast, and made provision for connecting the same with telegraph lines or cables. Since that date lines have been built from Sandy Hook, New Jersey, south along the coast to Cape May. New Jersey; from Delaware Breakwater, Delaware, to Chincoteague, Va.; from Norfolk, Va., via Cape Henry, Va., Kitty Hawk, Cape Hatteras, Cape Lookout, and Wil- mington to Smithvil C. The total distance is about 480 miles. In order to connect these with the office of the chief signal officer, wires are leased from the Western Union Telegraph company. viz.; froy Cape May, N.J., via Phila- delphia. Pa., Baltimore, Md., and Washington, D. C., to Norfolk, Va., and from Delaware Breakwater, Del., to Philadelphia, Pa. The following have been built and are operated by the signal service, but are merely connected With the Western Union Telegraph Company, sett Pier, via Point Judith, and from Rockport to All are operated on viz :—From Narrag: to Block Island, R. Thatcher's Is ig are the stations where me- cal observations‘are taken and caution- and Southeast Light, Block Isiand, R.I.; Sandy Hook, Barnegat, Atiantie City and Cape May, N.J.; Delaware Breakwater. Del.; Chincoteague, Norfolk and Cape Henry, Va.; Kitty Hawk, Hat- teras, Portsmouth, Fort Macon, Wilmington and Smithville, N.C. Repair stations are locatad at Manasquan and Little Ege Harbor, (life-saving station No. 23.) N Ocean City, Md., (life- savins station No. 6, near False Cap Jape Lookout, New River and Sioop Point, From Cape Henry to Kitty Hawk there is a second line, which connects the eleven inter- mediate life-saving stations with them by tele- phone, thus bringing the two branches of the government service (Treasury and War) into United relations to each other. When the first sections of the line were built wooden poles were used, but they having been washed out at places along the beaches during heavy storms, (the times when lines are most needed, iron poles have been partly substituted, the poiicy being to use the latter kind exclu- sively along the beaches. The line from Serves, (Delaware Breakwater.) Del., to Chincoteague, Va., has been wholly built with iron poles. From the date of building this Particular line to this present time, not a pole has washed out or been blown down, nor has it given any trouble. The tron poles stand admirably. In severe storms the line has at places been submerged. bat after the abatement of the storm, it re- mained intact, and continued to work well. Some leaning poles were found, which were easily straightened. When the beach is washed away gradually, the weight of the wire and pole causes the lat- ter to sink into the sand. The iron pole is therefore admirably adapted to places where wooden poles would be washed out. The length is twenty feet; internal diameter about two inches: weight seventy-five pounds; present cost $3.00; wooden insulator screw plug is set in the top and held by a nail driven into it through ahole in the pole. The cost of the plugis six cents. The poles are drawn as for water pipes, except that as they are passing throuzh the final rolling process they are chilled ‘as they leave the rollers; they are thus tem- pered, which gives them more strength. Where two wires are run on one line of poles asteel cross-arm, which holds two wooden in- suiator plugs is clamped to the top of the pole. ‘The cost of the cross arm issixty cents; distance between plugs two feet. Both wires must, however, be strung at the same time so as to prevent the poles from turning in the ground. * * © ‘The stations on the coast line arefalty equipped With meteorological instruments for observation and signal apparatus for communicating with vessels passing or in distress. The practical Fesult of the system is—irst, to warn passing vessels of approaching storms, so they may seek sheiter: second, in case of vessels being in dis- tress to quickly summon the aid of the life- saving crews and the wrecking companies, and to notify interested parties; third, Hatteras is a valuable station for first feeling the effect of a hurricane approaching the coast from the south and southeast. During the building of the Cape Henry-Kitty Hawk section, a vessel having a cargo of tea was stranded. The aid of the Norfolk Wrecking Company was at once summoned. Both the vVesse! and cargo were saved, in advance of a severe storm which swept the coast. The value of the cargo was more than three times the cost of that section. Tn case of vessels in distress, temporary sta- tions are opened abreast the same on the beach for the purpose of giving such personal assis- tance as may be possible and for transmitting ail information without delay by wire to this office, to wrecking companies, boards of trade, chambers of commerce, &c. The average cost of building the line, the labor bite ia done by troops, is about $70 per mile. average cost of establishing the stations is $100 per station; the yearly av. cost of maintaining a station is $300; yearly average cost of maintaining a line is $3, a total of about 430 miles. This is exclusive of Be of troops and operators. No rent is paid at saving stations. Ail signal service men are instructed in tele- graphy, and the sea-coast lines are operated on the’Morse system, except the telephone line from Cape Henry to Kitty Hawk. = —— Gen. Garfield's Religion. THE REV. DR. SAMSON'S RECOLLECTIONS OF THE DEAD PRESIDENT. From the N. ¥. Times. The Rev. Dr. G. W. Samson, a native of the city of Washington, and for several years a warm personal friend of Gen. Garfleid, delivered a brief sermon Monday afternoon in She gpeoric’s church in 53d street, near Seventh aventie. Fol- lowing the customs of the church of which the late President was a member, Dr. Samson first called upon one of the older members of the con- gregation to lead in er. In a homely, touch- ing manner an elderly gentleman complied. The pastor then read some of the Psalms of David, which, he said, Gen. Garfleld liked so well. The congresation joined in sin; “God moves in a Biysterious way His wonders to perform,” &c. After tuis the clergyman announced that he ‘would speak of personal recollections of General Garfield from a religious point of view, and re- lated at lencth the earnest, honest manner in Which the general worshiped God. Gen. Garfield, like Alexander Campbell.the founder of the Chris- tian church, saw that there was a disposition to make religion purely emotional instead of intel- lectual. He believed in meeting wen in the sanctuary, not to listen to a cold, formal address and artistic music, but to talk with each other and help each other. The speaker was satisfied that if there ever was a consistent man in matters of religion, that man was James A. Garfield. He enjoyed the social meetings of his church, and seemed to gain for | im discussing the AUTUMN FASHIONS. THE NOVELTIES OF THE SEASON IN FABRIC AND COSTUME—AN ATTEMPT TO REVIVE AN OLD FOLLY—CO-OPERATIVE DRESS MATERIALS AND THE LAST NEW THING IN PUBS, BTC., ETC., ETc. From Our Own Correspondent. New Yon, Sept. 80th. The “openings” of fall fashions are about as distracting events as be imagined to the majority of women who have little time to decide between the merits of a multitude of fabrics, and often buy in haste to repent at leisure. The only salvation is to decide before- hand what not to buy, and this is about as good @ preparation asany for a wise choice. It will usually be found also, that from year to year certain stand rd fabrics and standard articles keep their place or are only removed to make way for something equally well adapted to many uses and faithful service; and if the purchasers of these tried and proved styles and materials lose something in the way of popular novelty | they gain much in the way of permanent satis- faction. All early designs, all early patterns. are now experimental. They are merely samples which dealers place before their customersto see which will “take” with a majority. The difficulty is a want of nice sense in adapting one thing to an- other, a pattern to a fabric, ¢ design to the ma- terial in which it is producea, and the whole to the individual. The daffodil rn, for exam- ple, was very successful last sammer in cotton satine; this fall it is reproduced in rich brocade and does not deserve to be successful at all. The daffodil had simple natural associations—it suggested the country, country livingand coun- try wear—but no lady who had a cotton satine dress in a daffodil pattern will want a duplicate in rich brocade. esides, the associations are not in harmony with the subject. The woolen fabrics in dark, rich shades are beautiful, and they are combined with ombre | trimmings, which are a great improvement on the ombre shadings which appeared last season. They are darker, firmer, more artistic, and o- duce a much richer and more réfined effect. e | dark olive, seal brown, invisible green and dark- | | est tint of wine and mulberry are still the lead- | ing shades, and great skill and taste have been displayed in combining colors, in the ombre ef- fects, so as to produce the best result. The ma- | terials are fine and close serge, heather cloth, | all-wool tweed, Vienna and Umritza cashmere. | This last is softly draping, and comes under the head of esthetic materials. It is used for plain princesse house dresses in lighter shades of | green, terra cotta red and Egyptian brown. The new cloth suitings have coloreffectsintro- | duced into them, which in some lights show | plainly, in others are almost invisible. The | heather mixtures are the prettiest and most suitable for costumes. A proper way of making is with draped basque—two flounces (or more) | upon the front, headed with close shirring: shir- | red plastron upon the boddice, and coachman’s | cape shirred round the neck. This isa suitable | style for ali plain woolen materials. It is better | than side drapery, which is only suitable fur | more fanciful materials and toilets. Plushes show many novelties. Among them | are terra cords and shaded stripes in new color- | Inge and combinations, the most striking and original of the recent designs in plush, however, consists of small fan or oval shaped leaves, shaded in different tints, and overlaying each other exactly like the pheasant feather fans, which were so fashionable two years ago. The | effect ele much the same and used as @ trim- | ming it is difficult to tell at a distance whether | it is produced by feather, embroidery, or a richly | piled fabric. | Combinations will not, however, constitute the most elegant and distinguished costumes of | the season. ‘Suits of piain plush or velvet, with | lining of satin wherever it is visible, and’ but- tons of bronze, old silver, ¢~ carved pearl, will | be more exclusively worn, the skirts showing little trimming and no overskirts, and the coat beddice having a jabot of lace. | | Waistcoats are reintroduced into London, but | here the large collar or small cape is preferred. Seal brown suits are made with skirts, upon the | front of which there isa great deal of shirring, and which are finished with a deep basque, high |in the throat, and buttoned over in double- | breasted tashion from the bust down. The cuffs and a rolling coat collar, which forms revers, are of seal brown plusi:, lined with brown satin Merveillenx, and a heavy silk cord or ornament is usually arranged on the coat at the back. |. The Jersey dresses are very pretty, and likely | to be fashionable with the very best class of | women who are not too old for a style which is | youthful as well as graceful. It is made in fine | twilled wool, with two kiltings and a bedice of \ elastic cloth buttoned at the back with small | gilt or silver buttons, and glove fitting. The | scarf drapery is arranged in a double series of | folds and is turned upward, so that it easily | forms a convenient pocket on the right side. | Thick, soft silk in darkly blended colors, satin | merveilleux to match, or dari crimson, wine, | be nt silk, or corded satin are used for these fo) THE RATIONAI. DRESS. There is much inquiry in regard to the “Rational” Dress Association in England, of which Lady Harberton is president. and which owes to her the invention ofa costume intended to solve the problem of easy locomotion and freedom from weight, which are and have been the great desiderata in a dreas intended for prac- ticable, comfortable, every day wear. An immense amount of ridicule has been expended and an unne exposure of ignorance made is of Lady Haroerton’s re- form, because it involves what she calls a “divided” skirt, what is generally known as trousers. In reality these only differ from the trousers which accompany a lady’s riding habit, in having a deep yoke attached, which fits around the hips, but does not touch the waist line, and also in being longer and wider about the ankles. A pattern of this “divided” akirt cut and sent me by Mrs. E. M. King, the sec- | retary ofthe “Rational” Dress Society, lies be- ; fore me now and attached to it is a diagram showing how the yoke or “band” should be | attached or worn so that the weight or chief pressure may fall te the lower line where it is united to the divi skirt. Mrs. King writes from London: “The pattern of the Rational Dress Soci a which I Forward you, is the one I send for ree trycicle riding. t for walking is just the same, only it is generally preferred about four inches larger around the ankles.” A printed descrij tion of the divided skirt 1s as follows: "The di. vided skirt is askirt divided between the 80 as to clothe each leg separately; the under-cloth- ing aeney Sranned open? Piste hel oo! means greater convenience and freer use of the foie > gained, a jes crates sid of & woman y is properly and decen: | clothed. The divided: skirt should come to ‘about | the Ceo pag clearing the ground. It can be | made as or a8 narrow as the wearer may de- sire. An ordinary dress skirt is worn over this, | which may be as much or as little trimmed as the | wearer may fancy, although to secure the less the better. Also this skirt may as long of 8 short as the wearer may think j Tioteme material. The divi skirt are oe under the top skirt about two inches ci least unpleasant notice. skirtand the w : worn wi The | A model of the costume Is now on exhibition at Mme. Demorest’s, in this city, and the Co-opera- tive Dress association will reproduce ft to order. 4 SCHOOL AND COLLEGE DRESS. I must admit that my own first impression in regard to the divided skirt costume was one of prejudice against it. It seemed to savor too much of Bloomerism even to become fe: <cor was apparently too intricate for the o1 apprehension, and therefore added to the com- plications of the dress question instead of sym- plifying them. , But a better acquaintance with the subject has greatly modified this view. Ido not suppose the ional dress will commend itself to irrational people, or to those who con- sider the whole jon of dress as quite out of the pale of common sense, and one to be J entirely by the light of incre ane oul fashion; but it is worth the attention of who need a pesctea walking or working dress, and especially of young women and girls who want a sensible coliege and school dress in which they can work, walk, row, dig, ohooh, pay lawa- tennis, ride a tricycle, and be ‘No girl can do these things and wear hooped skirts, bustles and the ordinary dress without a sacri- fice of modesty as well as refinement and natural grace. A NEEDED PROTEST. Apart from conflicting opinion in regard tothe “Rational” dress, it seems a pity that the actual and primary intention of the society should have been intentionally or ety Seen the part of its opponents retired into the background, and the most radical side of an innovation, which was introduced more or less as an experi- ment, brought to the front. It is quite time that an open, fearless and persistent protest was made against any attempt to revive or to ate manifest indecencies, vulgarities and injuri- ous fashions in dress, and a widespread opinion exists both in this country and England, which could be found formidably strong if unhampered by revolutionary ideas. An attempt will shortly be made to obtain an expression from the intel- ligent women of America in regard te two points relating to dress upon which there ought not to be two opinions, and whica ought at once to receive the united condemnation of all pure- minded and honest women. One is the revival of the bustle; the other the attempt to natural- ize here the low neck for “full” dress. The creator of this revival of the ‘‘Crino- lette” are men whose simple idea is trade, They were in the business years ago; they lost money by the subsidence of the hoop vogue; they have ever since veen trying to start the fashion again by having authoritative paragraphs written to impose upon the ignorant, and by inducing corset and other shops to keep their wares on exhibition. This autumna de- cisive step was felt to be n , and the en- tire ignorance of its originators of any advance in the minds or thought of women is exhibited plainly in the new article by which it is proposed to “improve” the general outline of a woman's form. It, in effect, creates two humps, one on each hip, ala Marie Antoinette, and the walk which accompanies this sit manifestation of veal perfection is the fac simile of the half Jerk, half waddle, of a double panniered and overloaded donkey. This is what it suggests, and the statement is not intended as an exagger- ation or the mere forcing of a grotesque com- parison. It is simply to show how far removed the ideas of these people are who endeavor to folst these things upon the public from any common, not to say artistic sense, and how little credit they give to women for the exercine of reason where dress is concerned. A feeble hope is expressed in some fashionable quarters that bustles will not again attain the measure of absurdity that called down upon them before such a storm of ridicule; yet the very beginnin is almost worse than the previous ending, an shows plainly enough that only a very little encouragement is needed to induce manu- facturers, at least, to go any lengths or breadths. At present the bustle has made very little headway. It is not found in the best shops nor among the best classes. and it is easy to prevent it from obtaining a foothold, but it ought to be done in a thorough and unmis- takable manner. Intelligent women everywhere should refuse to countenance such attempts at distortion and deformity, and give manufac- turers and dealers to understand that a fashion can only exist by the consent of a majority, and that they refuse their consent to that which has ho excuse in art, sense or taste for existence. ‘THE GREAT MOTHER. In the play of “Cup,” as produced by Mr. Irving at the Lyceum theater, in London, one of the scenes gives the interior ofa temple dedicated to the service of a goddess, the Great Mother, represented by the colossal figure of a grand, many-bosomed woman, with little children of all ixpes in her wide arms. This is at first a shock to the ultra modesty of some who can look upon a half-dressed woman in a ball-room without the slightest disturbance. The raison detre in one instance is visible, in the otherit is not. It is considered vulgar for a woman to nurse her baby in public, and if compelled to do 80 by stress of circumstances the modest woman conceals the fountain from which the infant draws its sustenance as completely as possible; yet thisis a natural and beautiful provision for the supply of animperative want,and has been made the theme of poet and artist, while for such an exhibition as is sometimes made to the gaze of libertines and men and women who are strangers, and who only look to jeer or blush for one who has not the grace to biush tor her- self there is no excuse, no possibility of motive, save a vanity so overpowering as to kill modesty. " Some may plead thoughtlessness, but if the public opinion among women expresses itself as it ought, this cannot long be considered a rea- son for ontraging the finer sense of thosewomen who have thought upon the subject. Why should women expose their necks and arms to the shoulder any more than men? Why should it be considered any more decent, any less vulgar. Yet, imagine a man presenti: himself in such seg in any assemblage! Is it because women ave more flesh to show than men, or they imagine it enhances their attractions and acts as a magnet to men? Whatever the motive let it be understood for what it is; let it bea , an insignia, a note of warning to some, an evidence to all that the sacrifice ismadeupon the altar of a vanity which leaves no room for refinement or delicacy, and not upon that of fashion. ENGLISH WOOLEN MANUFACTURES. As well attempt to oppose the nataral current of a stream as the strong tide of public opinion when it has set inacertain direction, and the general orance in regard to the extent of social influence has found no better exemplifi- cation of late than in the well-intentioned effort of an English lady of rank, the Countess of Bective, to make alapaca “fashionable.” A! and the stiff worsted serges received their sen tence ten years or wore ago, when cashmere, camel’s hair, and the soft woolen goods of French manufacture came to the front. Ameri- can aspirants for preeminence in the manufac- ture of woolen dress goods took the front and to-day as fine camel's hair clothsand other softly draping woolens are turned out of natiye mills as can be obtained abroad—almost, at least, as good for popular use and wear. But the British manufacturer, or at least the British workman, could not unlearn his tradi- tions. There are plenty of cases on record in which the manufactures, with his larger experi- ence and clearer ht, attempted to introduce and train his work-} meet new demands, but they would trained, they would not be taught, they would satin-finished silk, which has not the stit or nor the smooth as jdmama as the iyory and cream tints are for the t daughter. ter combines well with nuns’ veiling and thin mousslin de laines in the constraction of short evening toilets not too nsive and suited for small les. -The feogia is all of the wool, and ruffied to the knee; back may be draped or ruffied according to taste, and the cease bodice has a full of Spanish m, a large resses up to a certain age are uni- made short, and the effect is simple. iow the puffed sleeves and belted waist; shirred sleeves with masses of finely leated Suetinige pnd stall others elbow sleeves of - Some beautiful dresses are in preparation, the skirts of which are enriched ha Leder of Spanish point and upon. the left side garnitured with clusters ribbon and lace. The bodice is of stri satin merveilleax very much trimmed with Spanish point lace and ribbon, and open but not square at the throat. The V shaped opening at. the neck, it be as well to remark, is much more fashionable than bodices cut Fa ges The style is in harmony with the point princesse bodices, and a square at the neck, it is hardly necessary to say, should be carried out on the lines upon the lower bodice and skirt. No more ignorant mistake can occur in the construction of a toilet than to makea jumbleof architectural or mathematical lines. Satin merveileux is used for cloaks. fur and satin lined, and is for this purpose less glossy than satin, more effective than satin de lyon. A heavier variety is uf course employed for this purpose. CO-OPERATIVE DRESS. This association Is an accomplished fact, and has announced its formal opening early in Oc- tober. Its building is one of the finest in New York for the purpose, comprising #1x floors two hundred and fifty feet deep by fifty feet wide, on one of the wide Based Sha} and is fitted with three elevators, telephones, electric lights, and every modernimprovement. it has also secured the services of efficient superintendents in their different departments, and it only remains to be Seen whether the business methods will show fares advance, and the ooo aspect ad- Vantage enough to secure a wide patronage. The one enormous drawback in this country to cheap production is the high price of labor com; with that of European coun- tries, and its inferiority. This creates an pugregate ot expenditure that doubles the sum total for the same requirements abroed. and renders it Sapam iid difficult to sell cheap and still meet the exactions of experienced American women-buyers. The club feature is expected tobe a great attraction and its privileges will havea special value for ladies living at a dis- tance, Monthly reunions, a circulating library, @ reading room, with club conveniences for writing, resting, lunching, and dining are part of the program, and a special entrance is pro- vided for members who wish to reach the club rooms and- avail themselves of the social oppor- tunities without going through the business sections. Among the imported costumes already re- celved for the opening, in a walking suit of bottle green satin duchesse and moire antique called the Formosa. The ‘‘Victorio” is of dark Olive satin Rhadamas, moire antique and silk velvet, all in one color. The “Wanda” is a com- bination of dark satin duchesse and ombre striped plush. ‘Tne “Noblesse” is a trained: dress, all black and very rich, a combination of black velvet and satin merveilleux, trimmed with a profusion of black lace and fine Jet embroidery and fringe. The “Quecousse” is also black. It isa walking suit of black satin, beautifully trimmed with embroidery of fine cut jet and steel. The “Pou- tresina” is a seal brown suit of satin merveil- leux, trimmed with plush. The ‘Very Good” is a black walking dress of satin merveilleux, moire antique and silk velvet. The‘ Martigny isa bronze brown walking suit of satin and plush, the best made of old gold moire antique. Many new esthetic designs are in preparation, and historic models will be exhibited, designed. by Mr. Frank Millet, the artist who. designed the costumes for the Greek play produced at Har- vard. The t ida figor ef the building is devoted to all kinds of piece: goods and small wares, the second floor to. suits and children’s ciothing, also articles forgentlemen. The third floor con- tains an arcade, which are departments for shoes, millinery,: perfumery, stationery, and many. others. upper floors are devoted to club purposes ad, workrooms. The president's room, fitting rooms, and the like are on the sec- ond floor. 11 BONNETS AND FURS. Thave not sp&eé for any detail in regard to bonnets, furs, cloaks, or out-door wear gen- erally, and, indeed, it is too early to predict with certainty matters which depend largely upon the temperature—on the comparative coolness or mildness of the-season. In general terms it may be said that both hats and bonnets will be bal faced with velvet or plush, and trimmed with feathers.’ The cabriolet shape and the high narrow Chafee ae being the favored shapes in the most ionable circles. But the use of plush will modify size and high color, and the employment of gold trimmings favor the small bonnet jater in the season. Feather loques and turbans are put upon the market in immense quantities this fall, but they are a local fashion and most unbecoming with their fiat shapes and bright shiny surfaces. The new thing in furs is a long, narrow collar, shaped to the neck, but extending in narrow tabs to the top of a belted waist—a modification of the old-fashioned victorine. It is made In black fox, seal, grebe, Russian chinchilla, otter and natural beaver—the most fashionable furs of the season. The small cape or straight pelerine ig made in beaver, fox and seal, and is a very stylish vogue just now; only those that are fine, short and smooth or very soft and close, a8 beaver and Russian chinchilla. The finest fur-lined cloaks are of the dolman shape, and are fifty inches long. They are made of brocaded silk, eatin merveilleux, and satin de Lyon, lined with whole squirrel, and trimmed with seal, otter, black fox, or Russian chinchilla. What were known as the “‘ pointed” furs are less used than formerly. Natural beaver is used more for sets—cape or collar and muff. The: are specially suited for wear with mastio-col beaver-cloth coats and felt hats of the same shade, trimmed with feathers and satin to match, and faced with coral red or crimson plush. Coral-red silk, trimmed with white lace, will be in high vogue this winter for evening dresses, particularly tor biondes with very fair hair. Em. roidered gloves and gloves puffed upon the arm are used more upon the stage than else- where. They are neither ladylikenoranyimprove- ment to the shape of the arm and hand. JeNvie Juve. e+ _____ Job's Afflictions, To the Editor of Tux Evenmna Stan: “Is our District government a circumlocution office?” I come to Tae Star for information on strength and vigor from them. In referring to the opinions expressed that Gen.Garfield’s life might have been saved, Dr. Samson mentioned the that an attendant at one of the Fulton street prayer meetings had declared that if Preside Garfield bad followed the teachings of Jamesa called in the elders of the church and they had prayed over him he might have recovered. The clergyman emphatically expressed his opinion that General Garfield was doomed from the day | he was shot, and that nothing but the perform- ance of a mi le might have saved him. The sufferings of General Garfieldand his death were needed, thought the pastor, for the salvation of the people, ayd no man believed more in the at pent than the one for whom the nation *«@ mourning. Dr. Samson believed that Gen. Gariieid was really the first President of the United States who was a professor of the religion of Christ. In bis family and inthechurch he was faithful. When he took the oath of office why did the mere politicians turn against him? asked the clergyman. He had heard of one politician whose name is known everyw! Who said after Gen. Garfield was sworn in th: he would never again yote to put a Christian in we Eresidential chair. Why were the politicians af of him? Because he took the oath of Office without daughter of John Hol Diei oom his son, aged 5, went gatuer Tue boy this sort the weight, | Sapte eererente ener tocar | , fewer of clot are required and leas material in their construc- | ton. We have here a style of dress by shins | internal organ can be injured,no muscle cramped, j the wearer may wid as souek prace aud besues e mr | as her own guod taste may direct The entire clothing of a lady dressed according to “rational” ideas consists of a gauze merino it, an additional one, ¥, of cotton, silk or linen, trimmed as taste may dictate, and the costume, which is composed of the divided skirt and t he upper dress—both of the one material. Unde: white or colored, are quite di with, the amount of clothing, as well as the number of pieces, reduced to the lowest terms. In warm weather, in warm climates, or with ladies who are not habituated to the wearing of flannels, wi | the merino combination ma: olan ar i nonett ait cr panes ac aieel ited. ad cover the not stand any innovation, they would go on in the old way or not at all; and. their Parties and stupidity left them stranded while the advan- cing tide carried ships ont to sea freighted with cargoes bringing bie to others but not to them. Now the British workman sends up® and insists Seng women shall in the | half the time descriptic for the ‘Countess of Bective ‘to endow them with a soul before they could come into active existence. In reality woolen mate- Tials have not been so universally used for half a the soft finished flan- the above point, and put in my evidence as fol- lows: There isa hydrant on P street, between 15th and 16th. It has no sewerage connection. The street is one of those rotten wood pave- ments, full of holes and depressions. Thewater trom the hydrant, which ts kept ranning about by the children along the street, ong the curb and stagnates andstinks. paradise for mosquitoes, and injurious to About a month ago I adaressed a com- munication to the health officer requesting its abatement. I waited; I wrote 3 1 walted, I wrote again the third time. the information that the matter RN yak Teq em ce receive attention. I waited; then I determin on the engineer in person. I first struck Lieut, Greene, stated Grievance, and was di- ected to call on ut. Hoxie as the proper Iwent to Lieut. Hoxie and i z E F ul 27) re- | inscription is in large black letters. GRAVES OF OUR RULERS. GROUNDS HONORED BY THE DUST OF DEAD PRES- IDENTS—MANY OF THE SPOTS IN NEGLECTED DISORDER—THE STONES AND SHAFTS THAT MARE THEIR GRAVES. It is not a very dificult matter to prove that the United States is an ungrateful republic, if her negiect of her dead Presidents is to be taken ‘as complete evidence of it, without any counter- balancing testimony. Not even the states in which the Presidents are buried are known to most people. The graves of a number of them are unmarked with a monument, while those of others are cared for with scarcely the attention due to the lowest citizen. There are a few noble exceptions, but it is not the United States that has been grateful, but the state of thedead one’s nativity or his personal friends. GEORGE WASHINGTON. ‘The grave of the first President, the father of his country, has been visited so many thousands of Americans and foreigners that ee melted little interest to nthe tio of readers to peruse a description e place now. The Mt. Vernon association has taken good care of the first President's last resting lace. Wi n's remains were deposited in eir | ebetind receptacle in 1837. The vault was built in accordance with att Shh sree of the President's will. It is of , With an arched roof. Over the gateway, in a marble tablet. is the simple inscription: ‘‘Within this enclosure rest the of Gen. George Washington.” Two coffins lie in the vestibule of the yault; the first is that of Ws the other that of Martha Washington. JOHN ADAMS. Beneath the Unitarian church of Quincy, Mass., may be found the remains of two Ameri- can Presidents. The church was completed in 1828, and the body of John Adams was removed from the family vault in the cemetery just across the street into the room beneath the church. ‘John Quincy Adams’ body was placed in the same room in 1848, _ Their wives are buried with them. The bodies lle in leaden caskets placed in cases hewn from solid blocks of stone. The tombs are seldom visited, and the apartment is kept dingy and dirty. In #he church room above may be found the rollowing in- scription: “Beneath these walls are deposited the mortal remains of John Adams, son of John and Susanna (Boylston) Adams, second Presi- dent of the United States. Born 19-30 Oct. 1735. On the 4th of July, 1776, he pigeons life, for- tune and sacred honor to the independence of his country. On the 3d of September, 1783, he affixed his seal to the definitive treaty with Great Britain, which acknowledged that in- dependence, and consummated the redemption of his pledge. On the 4th of July, 1826, he was summoned to the Independence of immortality and to the judgment of his God. This house will bear witness to his piety, this town, his patriotism’ postarty to the Senitnnes ep patriotism, the th and com; ure of his mind.” 2 “ JOHN Q. ADAMS. On the other side of the pulpit is the tablet containing the inscription to the other Adams. It reads thus: ‘‘Near this place reposes all that could die of John Quincy Adams, son of John and Abigail (Smith) Adams, sixth President of the United States. Born lith July, 1767, amidst the storms of civil commotion he nursed the Meatae which inspires a Christian. For more than half a century, whenever his country called for his labors in either hemisphere or in any capa- city, he never spared them in her cause. On the 24th December, 1814, he signed the second treaty with Great Britain, which restored peace within her borders. On the 28d of February, 1848, he closed 16 years of eloquent defense of the lessons of his yeuth by dying at his post in her great national council. A son worthy of his father, a citizen shedding glory on his country, a scholar ambitious to advance mankind, this Christian sought to walk humbly in the sight of his God.” ‘The church itself is built of Quin: i surrounded by elms and horse chi THOMAS JEFFERSON. In athick growth of woods, a few hundred yards to the right of a road leading from Char- lotteville, Va., to Monticello, may be seen the grave of Jefferson, ina Httle inclosure, with 30 others. An obelisk, nine feet high, marks the spot. The base has all been chipped away, and the monument looks like a rough, meaningless stone. *-Born April 2, O. S., 1743, died July 4, 1826,” is put upon the base. Another inscrip- tion has been almost entirely obliterated. fiy-leaf of an old 2ecount book, Jefferson “Choose some unfrequented vale in the park, where is no sound to break the still- ness but a brook that bubbling winds among the woods—no mark of human shape that has been there, unless the skeleton of some poor wretch who sought that place out to despair ae cone aft it be among ancient and vener- able oaks; intersperse some gloomy eve} ns. Appropriate one-half to the use of ‘my daraily, the other to strangers, servants, etc. Let the exit look upon a small and distant part ofthe Blue mountains.” His wishes haye been well carried out. The old family house wasin ruins three years ago, and tenanted by an old man he made a living by demanding a fee from vis- O18. JAMES MADISON. At Montpelier, four miles from Orange, Va., Madison is buried. The grave is in the center of a large level field, in a lot about 100 feet square, surrounded by a good brick wall. On the gate is a sign, “Madison, 1820.” Four graves are here. Over one of them rises 8 mound 20 feet high. A granite obelisk bears the inacrip- tion, “Madison, born March 16, 1751.” By its side is a smaller shaft of white marble, in- scribed, “In memory of Dolly Payne, wife of James Madison, born May 20, 1768; died July 8, 1849." Two nephews are buried with her. The region round about is one of great natural beauty, and commands a view of the Southwest mountains. At the southeastern of the Snes woods is the home which Madison inherited when a child. It is well kept at the present date. JAMES MONROE. James Monroe is buried in Hollywood ceme- tery, Richmond, Va. It ison a beautiful site. Five feet under ground, in a vault of bricks and granite, the remains rest. On the sarcoj on a brass plate, is this memento: “James Mon- roe, born in Westmoreland county, 28th Apel, 1758; died in the city of New York, 4th of. july, 1831. By order of General Assembly his re- mains were removed to this cemetery, 5th Jul 1858, as an evidence of the affection of Virgini for her, and honored son." Over this monu- ment a Gothic temple 12 feet long and 9 wide, bbe Be four pillows on a foundation of dressed la granite. A cast-iron screen almost prevents a view of the monument within. The temple is painted drab color and sanded. The iron is considerably rusted. Around it are beds of flowers and tali oaks. ANDREW JACKSON. Andrew Jackson is buried at the Hermitage, his famous home, on the Lebanon pike, eleven miles from Nashville. A massive monument of Tennessee ite marks his grave and that of his wife. It is in a corner of the gar- pid ae xrere aa ce good order. Three ps. up foot is composed of eight. fluted Doric colamna, su; monument proper, and, nearly beneath it, rest the bones of the Pres " this inscription: “Gen. March 15, 1767; died June 8, 1845.” Jackson's wife is buried on the right of the pyramid. MARTIN VAN BUREN. Martin Van Buren sleeps in the little village to England, and of “Little Joe,” son of Jeteeoon Davis, killed in Richmond during the war. Near by are 16,000 confederate soldiers around a tall pyramid of granite. JAMES K. POLK. At the corner of Vine and Union streets, Nash- ‘ville, at the old family homestead, may be found the grave of James K. Polk. The monument is & square block, 13 wort 12 in height. It is ap- , avd contains, among President 1795; died June 15, 1849." He was buried here nearly thirty years ago. An iron gate, sur- mounted by an eagle, opens from Vine street into a broad ayenne bordered by mulberry trees and silver leafed poplars. This road leads to the Polk homestead,alarge brick house three stories high. The tomb is surrounded a plat, which is encircled bya walk white shells. Shrubs and flowers beautify the spot, and make it look quiet and bright. ZACHARY TAYLOR. The remains of Zachary Taylor have been moved three times. They repose now ina pub- lic spot at Frankfort, ¥ The body was first in a cemetery at Washington, then in a jot on the Taylor homestead, five miles back of Louisville, and then to Cave Hill cemetery, Louisville. In 1878 the remains were in the beautiful cem at Frankfort, w! they are in the company of many illustrous dead, in- cluding Vice President Mentor Johnson. MILLARD FILLMORE. Millard Fillmore lies buried at Forest Lawn cemetery, three miles from Buffalo. The grave is well taken care of and is a beautiful spot. A tall monument contains the inscription, “Millard Fillmore. Born Jan. 7, 1800. Died March 8, 1874.” The. grave is at the eastern extremity of the lot, in the center of a grassy space. At its head rises the monument. In the southeastern corner is a Norway spruce, which shadows the grave. _Fillmore’s daughter sleeps near the remains of her father. An iron urn for flowers lies under an evergreen. Near Fillmore's grave are those of Bunker Hill heroes, of Stephen Champlin and Bidwell, who fell at Cedar Creek. © FRANKLIN PIERCE. The remains cf Franklin Pierce rest at Con- cord, N. H., in the Old cemetery on Main street. Pierce's monument is of Italian marble, and bears the followit “Franklin Pierce. Born Nov. 23, 1804. Died Oct. 8, 1869." The Pierce lot is at the northwestern corner of the Minot inolosure, and contains about an acre of ground. It-is surrounded bya neat iron fence, 6 feet ao traversed by concrete hs and eon 4 ided. The monument disp! a spire, wit! cap, die and plinth, resting on a base of granite 3% feet square. ft is surmounted by a draped cross, and its total height is 14 feet 8 inches. In the Old cemetery the founders of Concord rest. JAMES BUCHANAN. James Buchanan is buried at Woodward Hill cemetery, a mile or so west of Lancaster, Pa., on the Marietta turnpike. The grave lot is en- closed by a neat iron fence. A fine monument of Italian marble contains the following: “Here rest the remains of James Buchanan, Franklin county, April ota Died = Wheatland Sune‘. 1883" The grave is down near the Conestoga river. The lot is 30x12 feet, with white and black ite supporting the fence. Ali around the fence is a hedge of coming Toses, and rose bushes are in the inclosure. he spot is kept carefully and 1s always attractive. ABRAHAM LINCOLN. Abraham Lincoln is buried at Oak Ridze cem- etery, Springfield, Il. A fine pile of marble, granite and bronze marks the spot. It bears the single word “Lincoln.” This memorial is probably one of the most magnificent in the United States. The building of the monument was be; by Mr. Lincoln’s friends in a field. It was dedicated October 15, 1874. It stands in a tract of seven and one-half acres. From north to south its length is 119 feet 6 jinches. Its breadth is 72 feet 6 inches. The structure is of blocks of granite of New Hamp- shire The main platform is nearly 16 feet from tie ground, approached by four grand staircases with balustrades. The main platform is 72 feet square. From the center rises the shaft, 12 feet square at the base and 98 feet from the ground. Shields of polished granite bearing the names of | the states encircle the square. It is a fitting tribute to the martyred President. ANDREW JOHNSON. The grave of Andrew Johnson is at Greenville, | Tenn., on a spot select ee arch upon a broad | dt contains the inscription: “Andrew Johnson, seventeenth President, U.S.A. Born Dec. 29, 1808. Died July 31, 1875. His faith in the peo- ple never wavered.” The monument is of mar- upon a base of granite 91¢x7 feet. The tomb ‘was erected by the President's three surviving sons. Pilasters on elther side of the plinth sup- port funere* urns. The scroll of the Constitu- tion is carved on the die, and also an open Bible, upon which rests a hand, The shaft is festooned y American surmounted by an eagle with ya bio wings. Affairs on the Virginia Side. MEMORIAL SERVICES AT FALLS CHURCH—UNION SERVICES OF THE CHURCHES—ACTION OF THE REPUBLICAN CLUB. Correspondence of Tux Evexma Sra. Faits Cavrcu, Va., Sept. 26th, 1881. The members of the various churches of this village met to-day at 10 o'clock a.m., at the M. E. Chureh South, Rev. Smith, pastor, to have memorial services with reference to the late President of the United States. There were several pleces of music performed by the choir during the exercises. The solo (soprano) in the piece “The Sweet By and By,” was sung, with fine effect. The Rev. Charles Ball, of the M. EB. church, made the opening prayer. Judge J. H. Gray was first called on for re- marks. He said that the religious portion of Hot nica sad dee Past sty, fo'the Nation the lite of the visdom. He had no doubt but that the dent's life had been by God in answer to the pravers of the people, until they were babe pale expect, and the President to suc- Gen. Garfield, to give happy pgs ofa Mira | “Mstectory aa Ge .,The Rev. Mr. Hohtellem, of the Methodist church, was calied on. His idea was that in President Garfield's life, character and action, there was an example for the peopleto emulate. He had shown the possibilities of human ele- vation. And now the question is, will we under- take to ancient ing the sinking of the earth in the foram, form- ing agreat chasm that conid not be filled up. The auspices were consulted andthe informa- tion was given “‘that the chasm could not be victim. and leaped into the ab: his stead closed up. He was the crime. There is no carving of any kind upon it. The another face of the to be seen the of his wife appears upon shaft, while on the third is pet | of a son. Thehousels at the southern Smee Fl Por Tar Everio Srap ‘The Tomb of the Martyred President. BY CHAPLALS WIAA, The tears of a nation water the tomb, Of our ruler hat wes or Yoo fun By one more depraved than demented, He rests in the arms of his ol mother-state, Radiant with rich rural beauty, Where from humble iife be re to be great, By pursuing the path of duty, ‘This spot is sacred to miNions of souls, And glorious in classic story. The torrent of time as it onward rotia, ‘Will sound with new peans of glory. ‘The North and the Southland will here re-unite, In acts of the warmest devotion, With men of like faith and wisdom and migt beyond the wide-swelling ocean, Our Chief Magistrate, thank God, is not dead But is only serencly sleeping. His spirit so pure hath joyously fled, Far, far frou this sad world of weeping, The shafts of envy can reach him no more, Tn his strong and beautiful palace, And h “r will drink, as in days of yo The contents of sorrows biack chalice, The angels are watching with low, solemn breath ‘The soft bed of the peaceful alee] < The King commanding the strong keys of death, Has become his Almighty Keeper, And when the voice of the trumpet of doom, Shall peal through the trembling ereation, The great martyred dead wiil rise from thetomh, Mid shouts of immortal laudat - oo FOUR MILLIONAIRES, HOW SENATOR GORDON AND HIS ASSOCIATES GOT RICH—A RAILROAD SCHEME, From the New Orleans Picayune. For the term inthe United States ‘Senate, be ginning March 4, 1879. the incumbent, chosen by the people of Georgia, through their hearts and legislators, was aman who had been wounded in battle eight times. He commanded a wing of Gen. Lee's army at the close of the war. He was a captain, a Major, a Lieutenant- Colonel, a Colonel, a Brigadier-General, a Major- General, and a corps commander, He wax a member of the National Democratic Convention in 1868 from Georgia, and also in 1872, and a Presidential elector for the state at large in 1863, and also in 1872. He tock his seat in the ed States Senate,March 4, 1873, and his eec- ond term would not have expired till twelve years from that daie, and no man living Is an- thorized to Poca his third term would have ended before March 4, 1891. Senator Gordon found that the needs of his family were greater than the calls of his ambi- tion, and he threw away almost a whole term in the Senate, and a marvellous popularity in Georgia. a ple asked the reason, he said that he had to make more money, and he thought he could make $15,000 a year. That man is now a millionaire He has not only made himself a millionaire: he has also made his two brothers millionaires, and he has made Gov. Colquitt of Georgia a millionaire. They are four millionaires now. Gordon has organized the Georgia Pacific railroad and sold it to the Richmond and Dan- ville Extension company (that Is, to the Penn- sylvania railroad people, who own the road from Richmond to atianta) for $700,000 cash and a certain amount of stock. Besides this the Georgia Pacific remains in Gordon's hands, and the cash has been paid, and the Gordonsand Colquitt own $1,000,- 000 in the Richmond and Danville Extension company, and will have two and one-half times that amount of stock in the Georgia Pacific. Gen. Gordon wiil remain president of the Georgia Pacific. Major E. C. Gordon is presi- nent of two roads belonging to the company In Mississippi, the charters of which extend Birmingham, Ala., to the Mississippi river. Mr. W. 8S. Gordon is a director in the Richmond and Danville Extension company, amd is also a company to build a railroad in Florida. The Louisville and Nashville road, at about the time of Gordon’s resignation, was begin- ning to get a foothold in Georgia, where tt has now intreached itself on the Western and At- lantie from Chattanooga to Atlanta, the Georgia from Atlanta to Augusta, and the Central from Atlanta to Savannah, se thoronghly that it will need all the powers of the powerful Georgia | railroad commissioners to hold it in check. Just then, however, it was not very strong in eorgia, and was watching every point with Jealous eyes. Seeing an opportunity to secure the services of a popular Georgia lawyer, it eag- erly retained Gordon as one of its counsel. In to hold an entrance to Atlanta it bought the Georgia Western charter from Atlanta to Birmingham. After its great victories in Georgia it did not need either Gordon or the Western, and it gave Gordon the Georgia Western charter, probably to get rid of him. This was Gordon's nest egg. The three Gordons and their Governor now set themselves to raise company to build from Atlanta to the Mississippi river. conditionally over 100,000 acres of coal lands, — on condition the road was finished. ‘hese lands were worth a couple of millions, but of course they will not be worth a cent to the Georgia Pacific until the road is completed. ‘They also secured two valuable charters in Mis- sissippi and the right of way for over a hundred miles. @ stock in trade, the rest was easy. With this The Richmond and Danville Extension com- SS eee as soon as possible and urn it pate Png the G ow ae company, , like many anot pame railroads in the south, will mean the Pennsyl- vania railroad. The road is sure to be built, and it will be of very great service to Atlanta, Birmingham, Columbus, and other through which it will co on its way to the Mississippi. The wealth of the three Gordons and Gov. Colquitt cannot fairly be estimated te- day at less than @ million apiece. Some of Gen. Butler's Traits, From the New York Sun. “I fear no one and love but few,” said the general in a speech some years ago. The first part of the seatence ia said to be strictly true, but the general displays such kindness to those about him that the last part is doubted, The sense of fear seems to have been spared him. He sometimes ap timid bout Tt s street cro’ with passing vehicles, but if he is told that there is no danger he yg Tuptly into the most dangerous spot and to argue upon the risk there is of being run over. In returning from a court house last winter, dressed in a heavy overcoat that reached nearly to his heels, and shod in a inside a pair of arctics, he was talking over the case he had been trying with another lawyer, when he sli in a mass of slush at the curb and fell headlong to the pavement with force that he seemed to have broken a His companion in trying to break his fall was borne down by the heavy weight with which he had to deal and fell upon the general. He quickly arose, and fearing that Gen. Butler had been fatally injured, asked in a quaveri: voice, “Are you hurt, general?” “Hurt?” sald Gen. Butler. “No; T fall I always fall iike meal sack. Now, asI was saying about the case—. Bo belegy Rhee np and went on with his conversatioR. Gen. Butler's aversion is for newspapers and Pointers. When he reached Newfound- land, on one of his tours, and from Capt. Haw of the royal navy that there was not a newspaper in the province, he clasped his comically rolled bis and said: Now Lord ieee servant depart it ‘The popular. of him, he 5 id. pe nee Conte om lying man, with the seems to be a product of the his political Ore, with detract: in singular contrast ite in iblic hi oa public life, they sa; side of the life. In with the same w. and to his friends with the Hl z ail F i p i ze : i é at |