Evening Star Newspaper, March 4, 1881, Page 1

BR Re 6 RN RE RE OA AE A SE RA SOS RR NN THE EVENING STAR. PUBLISHED DAILY, Except Sanday, | AT THE STAR BUILDINGS, | Penasy!vania Avenue, Gorner Lith Strset, by fhe Evening Star Newspaver Company, GEO W. ADAMS, Pres’, The Evensxe Stan Ss served to aadsoribers ta me wm thels own accomst, st 10 mT month. Oapiss st | sii—porta~e 11 win wus #3 v.C., ity by carriers, per week, ordé cents per einer asall matter | | clare imail matter } lished on Fritsy—@2s + eat pearace yrenaise "Bx monte BLO | lor Lu 4 | Ain ad is : iuan ts patd for Thistes of etversiniua made kagen 0D sp Ilex INAUGURATION DAY GARFIELD AND ARTHUR The Greatest C | constantis. rowd Yet. | HANDSOME DECORATIONS. The Grand Procession. CEREMONIES AT CAPITOL. PRESIDEN? GARFIELD'S INAUGURAL. "VICE PRESIDENT ARTHUR'S ADDRESS INAUGURATION BALL. °, 8.706. WASHINGTON, D. .C., FRIDAY, MARCH 4, 1881. Vice President Arthur and ex-President Hiyes Uncovered. As they rod= down the avenne tne shouting and hurrabs were almost incessaqt. General Garfield bandied bia stove pipe hat With skill. He looked ured but robust. He fcemed perfectly af ease, and would chat now 4 D with the other occupants of hls car- He never falled to respond to the amoruserowd. Vice President Arthur looked ruddy . healthy and beanilig. He used hi3 hat At every street corner where the crowd was the denser the shouts weat up, grave, Strong-voiced men shou‘tag out with “HURRAH FOR GAKVIELD AND ARTAUR.” At 11 o'clock the first diviston had passed the Tressury on tts way to the Capitol. A large crowd followed tt, but many staid waere they were, Bodies of armed and unarmed men marched and countermarcied on the aven m, atd almost every approach to It getting ino pesifien for the grand procession on the rstucn trom the Capttol. Tae West Patladelpata Cind aitracted more aitention than perhaps any an armed body of ren. It cou'd be t glance that they were solid cit'z of them. ‘They wore long ulster fixture. stoveptpe hats, and a rich date. Thelr gloves were Mght'in color with nrovl braid dowr. the by ‘They hired colored men to carry thelr banners. ard, apparently, were having a good time. People lett tus avenue With its bright wuiforms to see these men formn on F street. THE CROWD ON THE AVENUE Increased after the sun came out until there Was & Dass O! people everywhere. The saloons and lunch places did a very good business. There was drinking, but only a very few tatox- and the rt eated men were noticed. | ARNIVAL AT THE CAPITOL. At 11:30 a. m. the heads of the procession, passing around the south wing, reached tue eastern front of the Capitol. ‘The Presidantiat carriage was driven to the lower entrance ot the Senate wing and the President-elect, ac- companied by the Vic3-President-elect ‘and Serators Pendleton and ‘Thurman, entered the bullding and proceeded to the Viee-Prestients’ room where they remaiaed until 12 o’elocs. As early a5 10 o'clock crowds began to a3ge1 bie tn front of the platform erected over the | steps leading to the matn entrance and at 12 CITY SCENES AND INCIDENT: Inauguration day, March 4th, 1851, dla not | open smilingly upon the Capital. From the stow of last ight the streets were filled with | slush. It kept on saowing fn driblets until about eleven his morning. Tae ssow that fell melted as soon as ft touched the pave- ment Itecould not have survt the many 1eet that trod upon if. The Avenue was cov- ered with @ muddy slime. But this did not prevent either the so tursing out. All last night the tread of troops Was heard t rious streets, They arrived at allbours durirg the night. This morning early they began to move into position. From six O'clock the Avenue was not ciear of truaps. They marched steadily, aud did not seem to | ind the condition of the streets at all. People 0 to crowd on the Avenue as early as efgat ck this mornt, STREET § S. The windows facing that street began to | cl show smiling faces. A lttle was added to the decorations that had been put up beforehan Wherever there were ladtes at a window fros Which no tlag had been toated, they soon one somewhere and gave It to the breeze. bad weather made the decorations a heavy, but that soon began to dry with wind and fluttered galiy. Many ladies, finely Gressed, Who had no windows to look from took the sidewalk, seemed just as ha; ‘The police at ten o'clock had the Aveane clear of all vehicles. There was a clear mareh for the troops, uud-r brilliant decorations and through lines of crowded peaple, ranged on either side of the linc of march. The two line Closed in pretty near to the troops as they marcted. A compan rebing in fours would not change to a esmpauy front. Tas cro vd drew back In great good humor, and the march Was not interfered with tn the least, t THE STANDS Were not deserted, aud as thé sun came ou began to fill rapldiy. About 9 o’vlock thi! morning they looked desolate enough. A few children and Isdies, resorting in the drizzling snow to the top seats only, emphasized the Gesolate appearance of the ‘stauds. Some or the windows that were crowded snowed maco Segacity In the arrangements of those wao locked cut. The smallest people stood at the ledge. From these rose tier upon ter of faces 88 lar as you could see into the window. MANY SOLDIERS Were noticed among the spectators. They were of those compantes that had decided mot to tar out. The sighton the avenue was very imposing. The steady march of troops, the gay Gecorations the bright dresses, the crowd of People on the sidewalks and out toto the Etreet, almost touching ‘the soldiers, the gay ‘Windows and smiling faces from them, made a spectacle that will not soon be forgotten by the maby who saw it. Around the Treasury de- Partiment there was the greatest Jam. You could not work your way tnrough, bat had to go round by F street. The many and beauttfal i 18th street up to the Depart— Lice Duliding were a sigit In them- he mass of humanity that swayed to end fro made a study. All sorts of exclama- Uons were heard. THR MAN WITH THE CORNS Was all along the line of the Avenue. He knew | exactly when anybody stepped on hts pet bua- fon, and also let everybody els2 know It. The woman who had ror dren_ with her than | she ought to attempt the management of did | not see the procession at all. She was so busy | looking after the children, and the latter were too smali to see over anybody's head. Tue many lunch baskets that were carried were In the way of both their owners and the people With whom they came in contact, The music Was very spirited, and when a band wouid upen its brazen mouth the step of the soldier waa the lighter and the faces of the people the brighter. OLD SOL WAS A FIGHT WITH VENSOR AND WINS. The sun which had been struggling for two hours to come out and had made suveral unsuccessful attempts, finally made bis depat about half-past ten. Itwas an amusing sight to see how rapidly the stands filled up whea his solar majesty delgned to smile. Tne peo- ple began to mil the seats rapidly. Tuey re- Ininded one of turtlesgin Southern rivers creep- ing from the Water to air themselves. The formation of the first division was made with- ‘out any confusion. GENERAL SHERMAN AND AID3 Were present almost everywhere. Tho General | did notwear his uniform. He hadona great coat | and an army slouch hat with a giltcord He Was the picture of an old soldier and curbed his lively gray horse with a free and experienced band. His aids tn their army cloaks, as they followed bim on excellent horses, made a | splendid appearance. Three orderiies wer= | Just bebina.them. Colonei Bacon was mounted Ob a gray Keatucky thorough-bred whteb trted bis horsemanship considerably. After riding Gown the line of his diviston, recetving Salutes from each organization’ General Stier meh aud bis aides passed into te Waite House rounds. General Garfekl’s escort, the Cleve xd troop mounted—splendid riers the: 2 Gare formed th front of the butiiing. ‘ine Governor's guariis of Clambus,t were also there reody tor the mared. Otherwis? the grounds Were Clear. A detachment of thi meunted under Major “Brook mais tbetr appearance soon, carriages drove beth ‘four tn hand. "Tne splendid vehicle,with a border of panels. The fine bays were nel Albert, the President's coachman. rience tn drt horses was General Grant. Into this carriage stepped PRESIDENT GARFIBLD, Who took the back seat on the left side; on his right was President Hayes. Facing Prestdent | Garfield was Senator Thurman; tacing ex-Pres- | ident Hayes was Senator Bayard. As this car- Tiage moved from under the portico the otner four tn-hand drove up. ‘The horses were four | = iron-grays. HW Goodacre. supertntendent of Crulv’s stables | VICE PRESIDENT ARTHUR ! fot tn first, took the same relative seat as Pres- | ident Garfelt. Senator Penieton sat on his | Fight. The procession then started. The | spirited horses corvetted a little when the | sighal gun was fired, but experienced hands | made them more devorous. As the two car- Tiages came out of the eastern gate a shout and ioud went up. President Gardeid, tr | these double sentineis. j inspiriting. ‘hey were driven by Wm. | tn; o'clock It was estimated that 50,000 people were Muasstd in front of the building. AT THE CAPITOL, uly this morning crowds surrounded the ito} ard the pressure was directed against the Senate end with special force. Doubie gates were erected across the main corridor on the southern side of the grand rotunda and Jost north of the Supreme Court so that any- bedy coming from the House side hadto pass ‘The northern entrance of the Senate end of the Capitol was open and Well guardea-by capitol police, backei by sol- at ‘oned at each euirance to prevent a Tush. Thousnads who did not understand the regulations turned baek with sore disapgotat- ment expressed In Ubelr countenances, A Teporter presented his tcket for entrance and Was at once besieged by the anxious crowd with the question, “Can you tell u3 where Uckets can be had at avy price?” Once inside that portion of the Capitol, under control of the Senate perfect order was found to exist. ‘The control and disposition of all tuat postion of the Capital was placed under Sergeant-at- Arms Bright, and he taanaged it weil. Before io o'clock the Senators, Senators-elect, ex- and a number of the representatives eated on the ide of the Senate er, Which was reserved for them. About y O'clock, a. m., Gen, Sherldin and staff en- +d and were applauded by tloor and galleries, THE DIPLOMATIC CORPS. escorted by Sergeant-at-Arms Bright entered the main deor aud were shown their seats on the right band side of the chatnber. Secretary- of State Evarts and Sir Edward Thornton, representative of Great Britaln, headed the procesion, followed immediately by the chief officers of his legation. Next came Mons Outrey, the French Minister and his legation ‘Then tn order Aristarehi Bey, Turkish Miaister and suite; Cain Lau Pin, Minister of voto a, and eight of his legation, all dressed in cho height of Chinese fashion; Senor Za:nacona, Minister of Mexico, and De Cuelia, nis seer tary, and others of the Mextean legation; the Japanese legation, Chillan lezation, Scblo: of Germanys, and his legation, All the forelzi legatlois were represented and each was attired in the full dress uattorm or style of their respective governments. The English, Japanes®, Uhinese, aad French wer particularly gorgeous. At 11:25 SUPREME COURT JUDGES and ex-Supreme Judges, headed by Chief Jus- Uce Waite, entered the maia door, and wee escorted to seats reserved for them at the front on the right hand side of the Senate chamber. During all this time the Senate was in session, but none but absolutely necessary business was attended to. At 11:40 a message was received from President Hayes and read‘ calling the extra session of the Senate to meet to-day, and notifying the Senate that General Harrison, of Indiana, Senstor-elect, had re- signed his position a3 a member of the Missis. sippi river commission. GENERAL HANCOCK AND GENERAL SHERIDAN. General Hancock, dressed in a major gen- eral’s uniform, was escort ed to the east door of thecbamber, and quietly taken toa seat be- side Gen, Sheridan, in the front row on the left. by Senator Blaine. Mr. Blaine held Gen. rm, and sO quietly did they @nter that but few seemed to observe it until the General was seated. Then Gen. Hancock got a Tound of applause. The members of the House did not enterin a body, but straggled in from about halt-past 1@ until 12. ‘Those who cam+ in before House finally adjourned were after geod Seats, and they generally got them. By (he time the Senators, ex-Senators, Senators- elect, Governors of state:, ex-governora, S1- preme Judges and ex-Judges, the Diplomatic Corps and other {istingutstied men were seal- €d there was not much room left on the tloor for the members of the House, FOSSIBLE CABINET MEMDERS, Among those who attracted considerable at- tention were Senators Blaine and Ktrkwood, Judse Hunt, and others who are mentioned a3 members of the next Cabinet. It was also noticeable that very many of those on the floor paid 3] jal attention Uo these soon-to-be (un- iess all signs fall) Cabinet ministers. Attwo Talnutes to 12 Captain Bassett, with the historle Stick he has used for the salve purpose for so inany yeare, TURNED BACK THR HANDS OF THR CLOCK five minutes,whtch created considerable amuse ment, except ameng thoss who had frequently Wituessed Uuts proceeding before. Just then PRESIDENT HAYES WITH GEN. GARFIELD on his arm and followed by the members of the Cabinet, led by Secretary Evarts, entered the cbamber from the main door and were greeted! with applause, which continued until they Wook the Seats set apart for them immediately in front of the vice-President’s desk. imme- diately following came Vice-President Arthur, accompanied by Senators Pendleton, Bayard and Anthony, the select committee. Address of Vice-President-Elect @rthor. Mr. Wheeler presented Mr. Arthur, who made a short, but most kind!y expressed speech. He sald he would administer the rules impartially and fairly; he hoped that a kinaly feeling would prevail, and that all the acts of the Senate would redound to tue credit and glory of the entire tountry. THS VICE PRESIDENT SWORN IN. Mr. Wheeler then swore in Vice Prestdent Arfbur. Profound silence reigned. Next Mr. Wheeler spoke a few farewell words, alluting to the good feel ay that had always been shown towards him, and returning his thanks. His last oficial act was performed tn declaring the Senate of the Forty-sixtn Congress adjourned sine die, ‘The Scene in the Galleries. DISTINGUISHED SPECTATORS OF THE CEREMONIES The scene inthe gallaries when the diplo- diplomatic corps filed in was specially In the Presidenva seat sat Mrs. President Hayes rediant with the flush of health, She wore a sult of black silk, @ Fp Sik bonnet with white roceedings. On the Mrs. Hayes Mrs. Garfield. She small in stature, and to-day was moderate taste in black silk, with a velvet Her face is oval, eye a deep blue, hair high forehead and mouth expres- sive, showing & full set of white teeth. To the Tight of Mrs. Garileld sat Miss Molile Garieid, ‘the President-elect’s oldest fee geo She was dressed in & maroon cold: fabric, is rasher dressed with wore & brigandish white hat, with the strings forcing | the ides well down over her ears, Mis3 Fanny Hayes, a little miss of ten years, was M!s3 Moiite’s companion. ‘There were FOUR OBJECTS OF CENTRAL INTEREST. First, the mother of the President-elect. Next, undcubtedly Gen. Hancock, who sat upon the floor of the Senate by the side of gallant Phil. Sherlgap, and who seemed to especial care of Seaator Blaine; Mra. Presiden: Heyes, apd Mrs. Geo. Gartleld.” It was no tce- able that Gen. Garfleld’s motner, by her qulet demeanor, good motherly face, ‘and the deep interest she took in the surrounding, enlisted the hearts of ail. She did not engage much in conversation, — but —Inoxet thoughtful. Now and again Mra, Hares would direct. her attention to some particular object. She will look in the direc”ton Indicated, smile, chat a little and then rive her eyes on the floor. Mrs, Hayes was in the very exuberance of good spirits. Her coaver- sation with Mrs, Garileld was constant and ful of animation. The Senators took an extra precaution evi Gently with thelr toilets. Senator Coakilag bad on a dark suit, the very pink of the tal- orgart. From the left hand pocket protraded ared silk handkerchtef, aud in the upper bat- ton hole was a red ribbon. President Garfleld wore a sult of fine btack, the coat frock, black necktle and gloves. Vie President Arthur wore lght troasers, a blue Prince Albert coat, colored necktie and ight gloves, 5 When the Vice President was sworn tn Mr. Conkling displayed great interest. Subseq when the Vice President made a short add ¢ Mr. Conkling appla' Sif and Mr. Blaine po jess Senator Blain, although sick, was one or the most interested of the Senators. He wore black with black t AS the President walked up the Senat erm in arm with Just a shade perturoe: Presient of the Amert Ww, e M people, but with a mere span, 80 to speak, he wouid be oaly a private American citizen again, Prayer was , the offeres Mrs. Hayes, Mra. rfleld and Gon. 's, Y, arose Aud remained standing until 1 was over. THS SKNATZ CHAMAER FILLED. At flve minutes past 12 the members (who had not sooner entered,) headed by Speaker Randall entered, and as there were no seats, they ranged themselves round the rear of the chamber, standing up. Thi3 assembly con's e1 of members, members-elect aud ex-members, and when the Senate chamber was {1 crowd extended Way back Into the mun c Gor, All proceedings were suspended until House members could be crow Were more men tban there was spac dense crowd stretching away back Into tb main corridor, stlence wad requested whlis the chaplain delivered A PRAYER asking the blessing of Heaven upon the in. coming administration, and that peace and prosperity might follow those whose connec- tion with the gevernment had ceas. EXTRA SESSION OF THE SENATS. The President's prolamation convening the extra session of the Se; adin its y of EW SENATORS. ‘h called upon Senators- élect to come forward ana be sworn as their names were called. Secretary Burch read, first, the Dames Of Messrs. Bayard, Burnside, Con- ger, Dawes, Edmunds, Fair and Gorman. ‘Sen1- tor Edmunds did not respond and was not pres- ent, owing to Indisposition. ‘The next sworn were Messrs. Camden. Cockrell, George, Jack - ton, Jones, /Fia.), Mahone and Maxey. Tae ext sworn were Mesars. Hale, Harrisson, Hawley, McMillan, Milier, Mitchell, Piatt, Sawyer, Seweil, Sherman and Van Wyck. ‘The roll of the new Senate was than cailad. Senator Garland stated that Senator Alitson Was contined at his room by in disposition. When the order was given to the Sergeant at-Arms to carry out the order for PROCESSION TO THE PLATFORM there was a perfect rush of everybody, ex ep the presidential party, to get out early and ee god seats, Fersons who first reached the platform took possession of the reporters’ chairs, and henc> the latter Were jammed and crowded froin every side. President Garfield and Mr. Hayes occupied the two middle chairs of the fron row In the central space reserved for the Pres ident. Chief Justice Waite sat on the lefc 0 Gen, Gartleld, and Col. Bright, sergeant-at arms of the Senate, sat on the left of Mrs. Hayes, When Mrs. Garfleld, so Glor and junior, mother and wife of the | President appeared they were loudly applauded. Cushioned chatrs were produced for thasc la- dies, who were accompanied by Mrs. Hayes. ‘The spectal Senate committee, consisting of Senators Pendleton, Bayard and Anthony, had Seats with the presidential party, and Speaker Randall was vited forward to the select circle. The clouds had oleared away, and the sun shone brightly, and with heat sufficient to make the weather pleasant. THE CROWD IN FRONT OF THE STAND Was enormeus, spreading out over acres, and the military were conspicuous with their long, regular lines and floating banners. For about ten minutes, until order could be enforced, the President and his party sat quietly overiook- ing the grandest demonstration ever made at an inauguration in this country. When the vast assemblage came to order, President Gar- field arose and was greeted with tremendous shouts and prolonged Cheers. He read nis inane ural address, atid at every utterance fn regard to the national gcod feeling, the bury- ing of bitter passions, and betokening a more porns future for the country than she hag own In the past, brought forth renewed cheers from the assembled tnousands. PRESIDENT GAKRFIELD’S INAU- GURAL ADDRESS. Felon Citizens:—We stand to-day upon an eminence which overlooks a hundred years of hattonal life—a century crowded with perils, but crowned with the triumphs of liberty and law. Before continuing the ouward march, let, us pause on this helgut for a moment to strengthen our faith and renew our hop? by a glance at the pathway aloag which our p2ople have traveled. It 1s now three days more than a hundrea years since the aduption of the first written Constitution of the United States—the Articles of Confederation and perpetual Union. The new republic was then beset with danger on every hand. It had not conquered a place in the famtly of nations. The decisive battle of the war for independence, whose centenniay anniversary will soon bg gratefully celebrated at Yorktown, had not yet been fought, The colonists were strugsilng not only agatust the armies of a great nation, but against the settled opinions of mankind; for the world did not then believe that the supreme authority of government could be safely entrusted 19 the guardianship of the people themselves. We cannot overestimate the fervent love of liberty, the intelligent courage, and the sum of common sense with which our fathers made the great experiment of seit government. When they found, after a short trial, that the confederacy of states was too weak to meet the necessities of a vigorous and expanding repub- lic, they boldly set tt aside, and in Its stead e3- tablished a national Union, founded directly upon the will of the people, endowed with full power of celf preservation ana ample authority for the accomplishment of its great object. Under this constitution the boundaries of Treedom have been enlarged, the foundations ot order and peace have been strengthened, and the growth of our people in all the better ele- ments of national life has indicated the wis- dom of the founders and given new hope to their descendants Under this constitation oar people long ago made themselves safe against danger from without, and secured for their mariners and flag equality of rights on all the seas, Under this Constitution twenty-five states have been added tothe Union, with constitu- ons and laws framed and enforced by thelr Own citizens to secure the manifold blessings Of local self government. ‘The jurisdiction of this Constitution now Covers an area fifty times greater than that of the original thirteen states, and a population ‘twenty times greater than that of 1750. ‘The supreme trial of the Constitution came At last under the tremendous pressure of civil War. We, ourselves, are witnesses that the ‘Union emerged from the blood and fire of that 2 under the conilict purified and made stroager for all the beneficent purposes of good government. And now, at the cicse of tunis first century of growth, with the inspirations of its history tn thelr hearts, our people have lately reviewed the condition of the Nation, pasged judgment upon the conduct and opinions of political parties, and have registered their will concera- ing the future administration of the govera- ment. To interpretand to execute tuat will fe accordance with the Consultation 13 tue Paremount duty of the Executive, Even {rem thts brief review it 13 manifest that the nation is resolutely facing to the frunt, resolved to employ its best energies in dev ing the great possibillties of the future. oe redly preserving whatever has been gatned to liberty and good government during the cent- ury, our people are determined to leave bend them all these bitter coatroverstes concaraing {uings which have been irrevocably settled, and the further discussion of which can oaly Slir up strife and delay the onward mare). The supremacy of the nation and its laws should be no longer a subject of debate. That discussion which for haif a century threatened the existence of the Uaton, was closed at last in the high court of war, by a decree from Welch there Js no appeal, that the Constitation and the laws made In pursuance thereof are, and shall coatinue to be, the supreme law of the land, binding alike upon the states and the people. This decree does not disturb the au- tonomy of the states nor interfere with any of their necessary rights of local self-government, but it does fix and establish the permanent supremacy of the Unton. The will of the nation, spe. Z with the Voice of battle and through the amended Con. stitution, has fulfilled the great promtse of 1776, by proclaiming “illberty throughout the land to all the inhabitants thereof.” ‘The elevation of the negro race from slavery to the full rights of cli!zenship 1s the most im- portant political change we have known st! the adoption of the Coastitation of ce No thoughtful man can fati to appreciate its bene- Ticient effect upon our Institutions aad people. It hes freed us from the perpetual danger of war and dissolution. It has added immensely tothe moral and industrial forces of our peo- ple. It has liberated the master as well as the slave froma relation watch wroaged and en- feedled both, It has surrendered to thetr 0 guardianship the manhood of more than 5,000,600 of people, and has opened to each one of them a careerof freedom and usefulness. It has given new inspiration to the power of self-help in both races, by making labor more honorable to the one and more nec?ssary to the other. The intluence of this force will grow greater and bear richer frult with the coming years. No ceubdt this great chat ous disturbance to our southern communities. ‘This ts to be deplored, though it was perhaps unavoldable. But those who resisted the change should remember that, under our fa- stituUong, there was no middie grouad for the negro race between slavery and equal ctuzen- ship. There cau be no permanent, distran- chised peasantry in the United States, Freedom can hever yield its fullness of blessingsso long as the law or {ts administration places tbe smallest obstacle in the pathway of any virtu- ous citizen. The emanctpaiéd race has already made re- markable progress. With unquesttoning devo. tion to the Uulen, with a patience and gentie- NESS DOL born of fear, they have “followed the light as God gave them to see the gat.” ‘They are rapidly laying the material foundations of self'support, widening their circle of inte!i gence, ard beginning to enjoy the bles: 3 that gather around the homes of the Indastr:- cus poor. They deserve the generous ex agement of all good men. authority can lawfully extend, enjoy the full and equal protectioa of the Cou futution and the laws. ‘The free enjoyment of equal suffrage 13 s 11: im question, and a frank statement of th issue may aid {ts solution. It 1s alleged that many communities negro citizens are partite larly denied the freedom of the ballot. Jus» far as the truth of this allegation is admtste? it 1s answered that, !n many places, honest local government Is impossible if the mas3 of uneducated negroes are allowed to vote. Thess are grave allegations. So far a3 the latter ts true, it Is the only palllation that can be offered for opposing the freedom of the ballot. Bad local government ts certainly a great evil which ought to be prevented; but to violate the freedom and sanctities of the suffrage is more than an evil—It is acrime which, if per- sisted tn, will destroy the government Itself. Sulelde ts pot a remedy. If in other lands it be high treason to compass the death of the king, it shall be counted no less a crime hereto strangle our sovereign power and stifle lis voice. It has been satd that unsettled questions bave no pity for the repose of nations. It should be said with the u'most emphasis that this question of the suffrage will never give repose or safety to the states or to the nation watll each, within its own jurisdiction, makes and keeps the ballot free aud pure by tue strong sanctions of the law. But the danger which arises from tgnorance in the voter cannot be dented. It covers a field far wider than that of negro suffrage, and the present condition of the race. It is a danger ‘that lurks and hides in the sources and foun- tains of power in every state. Wehave no standard by which to measure the disaster that may be brought upon us by {gnorance and vice to the citizens when joined to corruption and fraud in the suffrage. The voters of the union who make and un- make conetitutions, and upon whose wil! hangs the destinies of our governments, can transmit their supreme authority to no successors save the coming generation of voters, who are the sole heirs of sovereign power, If that genera- tion comes tO its Inheritance blinded by !gaor- ance and corrupted by vice, the fall of the re- puvlic will be certain and remediless, The census has already sounded the alarm, in the appalling figures which mark how dan- gerously high the tide of illiteracy has risen among our voters and their children. To the south this question 1s of supreme im- portance, but the responsibility for the exis- tence of slavery did not rest upor the the south alone. The nation itself is responsible for the extension of the suffrage, and is under special obligations to ald in removing the Illiteracy which it has added to the voting population. For 'he north and south alike, there is but one remedy. All the constitutional power of the Nation and of the states and all the volunteer forces of the people should be surrendered to meet this danger by the savory iniuence of universal education. It Is the high privilege and sacred duty of those now living to educate thelr successors and fit them, by intelligence and virture, for the inheritance which awaits them. In this bentficent work sections and races should be forgotten, and partizanship should be unknown. Let our people find a new mean- ing in the divine oracle which declares that “A little child shall lead them;” for our own Uttle children will soon control the destinies of the Republic, My countrymen: We do not now differ in our judgment concerning the controverates of past generations, and fifty years hence our children ‘will not be divided in their opinions concern- ing our controversies. They will surely bless their fathers and their fathers’ God that the Union was preserved, that slavery was over- tbrown, and that both races were made equal before the law. We may hasten or we may retard, but we cannot prevent the final recon- ciliation. It is not possible for us now to make & truce with time by anticipating and accept- ing its inevitable verdict. * he Loening Star. TWO CENT Enterprises of the highest tmportance to | cur moral and material well-being unite us and offer ample employment of our best powers. Let all our people. leaving behind them the battleflelds of dead Issues, move forward, aud in the strength of liberty and the restored union, win the grander victories of peace. The prosperity which now prevails ls without parelelin our history. Feuttful seasons have cone much to secure if, but they have not done all. The preservation of the public credit and the resumption of specie payments so succes+- fully attained by the admintstration of my pre- decessors has enab!ed our people to secure the blessings which the seasons brought. By the experience of commercial nations in all ages, 1U has Deen found that gold and sliver afford the only safe foundation for a monetary system. Confusion ha3 recently been created by variations In the relative of the two metals. But I contidently believe taat arrangem: can be made between the leading comm nations which will secure the general use of both metals, Congress ehould provide that the compulsory colnage of stiver now required by law may not disturb our monetary system by dilving either metal out of ciremlation, If pos- sivle, such an adjustment should be made that the purchasing power of every coined dollar Will be exactly equal to its debt-paying power in ali the markets of the world. ‘The chief duty of the national government, in connection with the curzeney of the country in money aud declare its value. Grave doubts have been entertained whether Con- gress is authorized by the ¢: tutfon to m: any form of paper money legal tender. Tae Present issue of United States notes has beea Sustained by the necessities of war, bat suca paper should depend for its vaine and curraacy upon lis Convenience In use and its prompt re- dempiton in coin at the will of the holder, and hot upon its compulsory circulation, Th notes are not money, but promises to pay Meney. Ifthe holders demand it the promise should be kept. ‘The refunding of the national debt rate of Interest should be accompl! compelling the withdrawai of the ti notes, and thus disturbing t! country. I venture to refer to the position I have ocm- pied on flnd@eclal questions during a long service in Congress, and to say thab tlme and expert- ence have strengthened the optntons I have so often expressed oa thege sudjecis. The finances of the goverameat shall ‘suffer bo detriment ch it may be possible for my &cmintsiration to prevent, ‘The interests of agr tention from the goverumedt than the yet received. The farms of tho United ata lower ed without one-half cur people, and fi largest part of all our expo s ment lights our coasta for the prot mariners and the benefit of commer should give to thetillera of the soll t lights of practical science and experience. Our manufactures are rapidly making us industrially independeat, and are opening to capita] and labor; new and profitable felds ot employrient, Thetr steady and healthy grow should stiil be matured. Our raciitties for trans portation should be promoted by the contiaued improvement of our harbors and graat tn- terlor waterways, and by we Increase of our tonnage on the ocean, The development of the world’s commerce? hasled to an urgent demand for storteatns the great sca voyage around Cape Horn); constricting ship canals or rallway3 across ti: Isthmus, Which unites the continents, Vario: plans to this end have been suggested and ¥ need consideration; but none of them ha3 suficiently matured -to warrant the Unt States in extending pecuniary afd. The ject, however, is one which will tmme:tt engage the attention of the goverament view to a thorough protection to Am interests. We will urge no narrow poile, seek pecullar or exclusive privileges I commercial route; but in the langue predecessor, I believe 1¢ to be th righ! cuty of the United States to assert and mai tain such supervision and authority over any inter-oceanic canal across the Isthmus that connects North and South America as will pro- tect our national interests.” The Constitution guarantees absolute re- ligious freedom. Congress 1s prohibited from making any law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting tbe free exercis: thereof. The territories of the United States are subject to the direct legislative authorit, of Congress; ard hence the general govera- ment is nsible for any violation of the ConstitufiOh in any of them. It 1s, therefore, @ reproach to the government that in the most. populous of the territories the constitutional guaranty 1s not enjoyed by the peopie, and th authority of Congress 13 set at naught. Tue Morton church not only offends the moral jgeerise of manhood by franctioning polygamy but prevents the administration or just thiough ordinary insu umentalities of law. In my judgment itis the duty of Congress, while respecting to the uttermost the conscien- Uous convictions and religious scruples of every Cluizen to prohibit within its jurisdiction all criminal practices, especially of that class, which destroy the family relations and en- danger social order. Nor can any ecclesiastical organization be safely permitted to usurg, tn the smallest degree, the functions and powers of the national government. ‘The civil service can never be placed on asat- isfactory basis until it is regulated by law. For the good of the service itself, for the protection of those who are entrusted with the appointing Power, against the waste of time and obstruc- Uon to the public business caused by the inord- inate pressure for place, and for the protection of incumbents against intrigue and wrong, 1 shall, at the proper time, ask Congress to fix the tenure of the minor offices of the several execuiive departments, and prescribe the grounds upon which removals shall be made during the terms for which encumbents have Deen appointed, Finally acting always within the authority aud imitations of the Constitution, invading neither the rights of the states nor the reserved Tights of the people, it wiil be the purpose of my administration to maintain the authority of the nation and in all places within tts juris- diction; to enforce obedience to all the laws of the union in the Interests of the people; to de- mand rigid economy in all the expenditures of the government; and to require the honest and faithful service ofall executive officers, remem- bering that the offices were created not for the benefit of incumbents or their supporters, but for the service of the government. And now, fellow citizens, I am about to as- sume the great trust which you have com- mitted tomy hands. I appeal to you for that earnest and thoughtful support which makes this government tn fact, as it is in law, a gov- ernment of the people. Ishall greatly rely upon the wisdom and patriotism of Congress and of those who may share with me the responsibilities and duties of administration. And,@bove all, upon our efferts to promote the welfare of this great peo- ple and their it I reverently invoke the support and blessings of Aimighty God. The President Sworn In. Closing bis address with an invocation to Heaven, Gen. Garfield said that he would now assume the his fellow-citizens had brevis fim. He turned towards Chief Justice Waite, who arose and advanced ‘wi Clerk Mc- ‘stepped for- bil and upon bis volume the cath of cftice was Immediately after taking'the oath General Garfield turned end first kissed his mother and then bis wife, This was a tender, touching | The crowd, too, had scene, tustratige of the creat heart ticnafe nature of the new President, dent Hayes was the first to_shake the hand of General Garfield and greet him as President. ‘The special Scuate committe, Col. Bright and the vice. President escoriea the President's and €X- Presideav’s party from the piatform to thor carriages, they totake their place tn the procession. THE GRAND PROCESSION, ‘The storm of rain and sto v, which prevatied last night, cleared vp about 9 o'clock tts morning, and the siush rapidly welied, No’- withstanding the unfavoraie weather, 1 Streets were soon alive wiih py Sylvania avenue presented ai ¢ mated appearance with Its cay holiday tea Pings and thousands of people ont idera'ks, AS the Mirst divistop. escorttug the Prest the Capitol, passed down. the balconies ant Wir dows along the route were also itlled with Spectators. As the carriage cobtaivdag 1! lect went by, he was loudly chee), 10 Ue, ard (ook of his bat, bow! swledgments. By the time grat 8 Teady tosiart from the Capit | tward, the sleet on the avenne had melted and run off, and thestreets were drvingranid greatly tn there was loud dpplause as p: passed along. The procession Civisiors, snd was, indeed, tpectacie. The military dispiay wa’ eby £ceu bere Fince the war. | Firat Divisiowe This diviston (which escorted tue President to the Capitol) was preceded by Uwo platoons of mounted police, under command of Major Broc’ Then ceme Grand sale Ww. TL 4b and alds, Col. Bucon, Gen. Poe, Co! Decge. Gen. Tidball, Col. Morrow, Ge wall, Col. Dayton and Lieut. G Brevet Majer General it. B. A Ulery and staff, Adjutant Mi ar Ist Lic bell: Quartermaster, Ist Licut. 12 j0rs, Loder and Gtison: eCES, i unt Battery 0 Her. antlin 2a artillery, Capi. Wra. P. Grave Battery D, 2d artill ry. 1st Lieut. J.C) 40 men, Battery 2d 2 n. Lieut. 3 ut. Chr istopher’ W.. Hai S men. Batter: J.B. Eaton, 24 Lieu Battery M, 3d artillery tL “A. Rostley, 217 ei Company G, 15! artt) Comoany shakes, 1€d 1a blue a Baitalicn of 8, with Lie ¢ Companies were C Iy by Capts, RL. Meade, ©. Cochrane, aud Fi » C. Goodrell and C. Cieveland Troop ( trom Lis Lore), a tne-I beanly 401i line, in. Fre aud lielmet with yellow plume bandscme appearance.” Tb ceercd asf 1. idont’s escor’ body of mer asseur unitorai - C. Rouse, Color Ser gcant P. T, Moxley, Quartermaster Sergeanc | Colgate Hoyt, First Corporal D. Z%. Norion | Third Corporal J. N. Stewart, Fourth Corpora N.F. Lynn. Then came President Gi fd, aceompanted by ex-Prestdent Hayes, driven by four borses. All along the live the party was greeted wit cheers. Cleveland Grays, a fne org near uniform and thako, mak/i, ay. 2 Union Veteran corps of Washington, Lisat- Urell and Harrison, 50 men In line, in’ waltor: of the U. S. infantry, headed by feild muste. | Central City Veterans, 65 headed b: | Maurer’s band of 20 pieces. This commana. | composed exclusively of members of Post 6 G. A. R., Department of New York, made splendid showing having 65 men tn the old rev- | olutionary uniforim—buft knes breeches, fair (0 » | boots, blue coats, faced with buff, buff vest roficd shirts and cocked hats, wiih drab and | blue standing plumes. General Sniper, com- matder, and T, Ryan and N. Dumbach, vice | commanders. ‘Utica Citizens Corps,Capt.J. H. Dougias,45 men, | headed by a fine band. The corps was uni formed tu dark blue dress Coats, rimmed with ght blue pants and bear skin shoko. This | ccmmand Is 0} € Of Lhe oldes® in the state. Oswego Citiz: ns’ Corps, Cap’..C. Thompson, | beaded by a band of 2 pieces, uniformed a: artillery, in blue, trim with red. Grand Army of the Republic, eight platoons, unitermed in dark clothes, McClelian caps, and | badges, under the Command of Departmen: | Commander Wm. Gibsou, Jonn Cameron [ A. A.G. ‘This detachment’ was headed by i | fine drum corps. | They had with them also the Grand Army of the Republic, Department of Maryland, nearl) { 1.000 suong, beaded by the well know! | Weber'sg4iison Post Band. eral W. E. W Roee, Departraent Commander of the state,wa ; | 1p command, with the following staff: Adjutan peral C. HL. Richardson, A: everal Jobp H. : . H. Searies, Inspector R. N Bowerman, Judge Advocate’ Herman I mons, Chief Mustering Ollicer Charles L. b Assistant Inspector John C. Erdm: de-Camp George B. Cres . HFo! man, Robert W. Scarlett, F. 7. N, M. Rittenhouse, Samuel E. Young, Geo. W. Jonn- 800 and Jesee West. The Loys tn Blue: Eile ra}, commending; dja dic; CLict of stall, Brigadier Graham; inspector general, € chier mustering officer, Col. J. judge acvocate . Lawrence; Rurgeon general, Surgeon D. W. Blis3; chtet of aitillery, Col. Juhus x. Hapneman; quaccer- Marter general, Col, ©. H. Nealy; comuilssary J. Col L. B. Cuuer; paymaster general, . rge Truesdel; signal officer, Cot. T. D. Yeager; aides-de-camp, Lieut.-Col. M. Gari Lieut-Col. L. Y. Mitchell, Lieut-Col. W. A Moore, Lieut.-Col. Fred Mack, Lieut.-Col. J. C. S. Burger, Lieut.-Col. B. F. Chase, Lieut.-Ca. Wm. F. DeKuight, Liew Col B. F. Quptant; Roscoe Conkling Club, colocel, E. W. Oyster U.S. Grant Club, colonel, F. A. Seete: s Thomas Ciub, colonel, M.D. Mou 1s; J Garfield Ciub, colonel, Geo. M. Fiiimo: umb'a Club, colonel. A. Hart. Light Battery A, 24 artillery, Cap Pennirgton; First Lieut. a. 1. Scher Lieut. Edgar S. Dudley, Seesnd Lic Edgerton; 66 men; four feild = ae C, 3d artillery, Cap. Willlam Sin- clair, First Lieut. W. A. Kobbe, jr., First Lieut. Ramsey D. Potts, Second Lieut. Chartes B Satterlee, Second Lieut. Douglas A. Howe; 73 men with four field pieces. Tnese batteries mace a most crediteble display, wearing for the frst time their new regulation felt helmets with plumes of red hair, and, with theshowy ‘Uniform of the service—bius coat with red oe and blue pants with red stripe—looked well. Washington Light Infan'ry, 4 companies,Col. W.G.M Fre, commanding, ‘with the Washing- ton Light Infantry band,22 pieces, Prof. Donch, Jeader. This compeny numbered about 150 nization, wit, | a superb di-. | Ford, major gen- general, Paul isro- -neral Robert 8. aginst t.'W. P. 3. Light ‘ususl, with the procession of veterans. Natioval Rifles, of ity, headed their own baid, of 16 W. F. Weber. ‘This was the 8. | tation of betng one of the A, + Ist Lieu). fH. Oagooc ery D, 3d artillery, Capt RS. Tur Lieut. John eyer: men, Bat- | artillery, Capt. J. raster. 1st | | on } Major Wiidim H. Mora, gaa | David # 13. | Major | Edward J. Phillips, quartermaster; | Shimeiin } hed nearly 450 In Ut | Jutant Ty, Major Hanveman and Lieu evoe, Wheeler and Meaguer, with 69 . Uniformed in dark bine trimmed with rad. ApADY quariered last nicht In tae west he Treasury early tats moi bing one section to: south of the & « poettio ‘Treasury and another souta of t | treat nal cuns, Naval Caceis from the Academy at Annapolts, 4 com; Ls eS @8 Infantry and men wi(g four bow. itvers. They were untformed in dark olive coats and pants and leggings, and were headed by- the ¥ell known Ni | Academy Rand, Second Division, This division was composed exciustvely of the National Guard of Pennsyivanta, which assembicd east of the Capliol, and was in. spected and reviewed by Gov, Hoyt prepara. tory to forming in Une. It Was headed oy the governor and staff, as follows: Brig Gen. Jas. W. Latta, adjutant general; Lieutenant Colonel D. Suaniey Hassinger, ass’ adj general; Colo nel Haruey Howard, inspector geueral; Cotonet Clarence Jackson, quartermaster general; Colore! Thomas J, Smith, commissary general; Colonc! Louls W. Read, surgeon general; Colo- nel A. Wilson Norris, Judge advocate general; Colovel John S Riddle, general tuspector of rifle pr: olopel James D. Walker, chief Lieutenant Colonels William Ross Conyngbam, N: Capitol and ward B. Young, Caarles M. than A. Pennybacker, Elisha A. Hanceck, Galloway C. Morris, David P. Houston, Albert W. Taylor, BR. Frank Eshel= man, Lowrie, Walter Am Ford Doreen £, Ewilich and i. 11. Fisher, ataes Tuch came Major General John F. Hartrantt With stall as follows: Lieut. Co eorge Hl. | North, assistant adjutant } Russesl Thayer, inspector Mears, surgeon -in-chier; Greene, quartermaster; Coxe, commissary; Li judge advocate: Lieut. Pad tuester: Leut. Col. eficer: Lieut. Col specter of rile practice: Major: sondaance rson, yr., in~ John B.Com >. ton, George W. Grant. Willan W. Brown, Louts R. Fortescue, Willam F. Aull, 8. S. . Shakespeare, aldes de ADE—(Philadelphia and vicinity.) niGco, R, Snowden; Major Walter |, assistant adjuiant general; Major And. 1). Nepburn, tuspector; Mejor Waa. Suru- ther t Major R.S. Huldekoper, hath, commissa orduance oft d Chas. H. Tow na © 2 Wethertii camp; he ester; Li 5 a A. L. Lav lh es-d 4.0. Win nienant s cal Marsnal; ‘d and Thomas | guns. ali 2 with two Gal 1 Philadephia, Cay beaded by a band of 20 pi ‘Tits 18 the crac try. ‘Theteu Osear Jones, 1a dram corps olored orzanwation of form Delay a neat gray The © ope With Shako, Dut to-day Us ypoared iu tm of the State. Fenclbtes of Pht mmmanded by Nis). J. W. Kyan, nu Lerly 100 mea, j with a tire band. ‘This Las the Pepa t ied organt- zavions tn the country sexy 1eully Lhey were eagerly looked fo uot orm ts dark biue coat, faced With sky Dae, pants with wide White and harrow gilt stripes and shacko, 0) bell unde: order of t F ey Wore the state unttor , 560 men—Colowt T. el W.1T, Gil aut. W. 8. Poulterer, . Dechert, Lt.-Col. . Bosnbyshail, Adju- Tatanury— Jona P. tnor, Jr, Qn ffon, Lt We H.” Pidgeon ne regi S the old Wastiogton Gray Bate 1a the Weoeacoe “gion, SECOND PRIC general Frank DR. sus M. Anstett, assista genera’; waster; Major Major a. F, infantry — nel MH. nt A. J. Da- with a fine ¥—volonet Jona ant Colonel Heory 8. Sautth, Melntosh, Adjutaas Thomas ent, Marrisburg— enant ©xtonel T. A, . Ke Russell, Adjatant M. Al r Jos, dtole, This , headed by 5 pieces, THIRD MRIGADS, et General Joshua K. Sigtried; Major sley Awl, assistant adjutart general; Wm. S. Moorhead, inspector; Major Major George Yeomans, surgeon; Major Thomas D. Lewis, Commissary; Major F i ordiuance oficer; Major 8, V judge advocate; Captain Clay ce-camp; Captain Andrew D. Sceiey, aid-de. mp. Seventh regiment tnfaatry—Uolonel, Alexander Caldwell; Major, P. i Mongguaa; Adjutant, Oscar C, Kubach; Quartermaster, B. Bryson McCool. This regiment halis from” tha region. Ninth regiment infaatry Wilksbarre—Colonel, G. Mur. Revaolds; Lieu- (extant Colonel, Morris J yor, Daniel S. Bennet; Adjutant, Arthur D. " Moore. Tweltth regiment twfantry, Wiltiamsport— Coonel, Alired H. Stead; Lieuteuant Colonel, it. Forseman: Major, Alouz> i. Berton: djutant, Thomas W. Lidyd. Tals regiment anda band of tweaty ‘Toirteeth regiment infantry, Seran- lonel, Hi. M. Boles; Lieutenaui nei, fiteheock; Major, Ezra i. Kipple; Ad- . k, Macmillan: 400 men. FOURTH BRIGADE. Brigadier General James A. Beaver, Major D. 8. Keller, assistant adjutant general; Major Chill W. Mavzard, inspector; Major Samuel W. M1, quartermaster; Major E. J. Miller, surgeon; M. Thompson, commissary; Major ‘yeon, Ordnance oMicer; Major James Pr. yer, judge advocate; Capiata Elward McLean, atd-de-cam aptain Henry D. Sel- ies, wid-d ple ton F.LLE . Jones; L Knaps’ Battery, 2 ny, 50 men, john Gicnn, Lieuis. James u. Manden, th Regiment, Infantry, Colonel Liewten ant Colonel Dantel H. Major P. J. Wolesiagic, Adjatant Theo. Hasti Sai t., Qartermaster Jaines M. Siager, T ‘egliutul comes trom the neignborhood of Altcona, numbered 859 men and tad a band 16 pieces. Tenth ———, a dals- bury, Colonel Alex, L. Hawkt beusnt Cobel D- D. Lioyd, Adjutant A. S. dapper. Four‘centh Regiment. Intan'ry, Col. Josepn HL. Gray, Lieut. Col. James Glenn, "Major Wilttam H. Hope. Adjutant David M. How: men with a 5 Regiment, Infanin ar) of 46 5 Colonel Pres_N. Guthe', Lieut. Col. Wood McKnight, Major Cham. Mc Kibpen. This regiment 1s the Pittsburg rer. iment, abd numbered 400 men with a Dan i of 40 pieces, and lucluded the well-known Du- quense Grays, FIFTH BRICAD", Brigadier Generel H. 8. Huldekoper; Major Geo. P. Ryan, assistant adjutant general; Major W. C. Howe, Inspector; Major M. P. Davis, quartermaster; Major T. %. Lashelis, surgeon; Major George W. Wright, commissary; Major soup M. Clark, ordnance officer; Capt. 5. M. Decker, alde-de camp; Capt. Jonn 5. Paden, do. Titusville Battery—Capt, David Emery, Lieuts. David R. Herron and James R Barber. Fuit- teenth Regiment Infantry—Col. P. B. - ter, Lieut. Col. David M. Cubbison, Major Jas. D. Moore, jr., Adjutant Wm. A. Kuper. Six- teenth Regiment Infantry—Col. Joan A. Wiley Lieut. Col. Henry C. Clark, Major Jims 8 Stor Adjutant Willis J. Hullugs, «verter. master War. D, Rider; 400 men and bait of 23 pieces. Seventeenth Regiment Tafic'ry—CoL Adam Kurtis, Lieut. Col, James 4, Major Job Craine, Adjutant John W. Le ca’ Tals regiment luciudes the Titusville baviery. To uniform of the Pennsylvania Nationa Guard worn by all Loe Woops in this division. ts eim!- lar to the uniform of the U.S. lofaatry, the cap on the front Dearing Crossed mu-kets, can- non cr s\ords, ing % the arm of th» service, with leters, figures and the colore t keystone op the the brigade (> which (ne coldier belongs. Third Division, Major General Thos. C. Fletcher, comman t- ing: General Amos Webster, chief of staff; Cap- Vain Geo. W. Batley, adjutant general Liew, Perry Bartbolow, assistant jatant gener. Mey. W. HL. Love, assistant adjutant gener. jeut. (Continued on PUA Page)