Evening Star Newspaper, December 1, 1873, Page 7

THE STORY OF WM. NM. TWEED. APbi ration of His Life and the Rise and Fall of the Famous Bing. I tiea Observer, November 24.) im the penitentiary at Black st whi nawr, & sup Viner bief power in th chief city nt—ix now a condemned convict. If any m asure of success attends the efforts of his counsel to secure sentence. a stay of proceeding» c it will not alter the essential fect taat place henceforth 1= with the It is time to consider the «ter with the sam> cal hat we shoud take of th mitigation of a new trist, Tweeds et oucaws Of man’s life and B, dixpassionats view dead; for Tweed is dead beyond the hope of resurrection. William M. Tweed was born the city of New York fif y years syo inst April. His pa- rents were pour people, and tha boy was ear yon his own re rees. He learm worked at it for ambitions of ase his q he entere tical ¢ stinction. catior § and imp ali the University La m which he grada- aied a» m: a the okt ve tropolls, Hi engine Gomy city. His immense v ing ability were here dev In that day a popntar fire power in local politica, make bim-eif felt In 1851 be was ¢ ! evth war, hi ris of argh, t aud. Hie ov w place there rift on the © is one of eno rick for it w lomself worth * had mate the He exp devery dollar of led on by the hope and be- 1 tiiumph. He was beaten, i during the winter which followed he f at ulty im meeting house ri bis butcher amet fh ar ere avin as sheritf. % fine-grained man nor troubled conscientious se . He saw the victim of what he looked ay racy. He bad varic us ward org rom ised - and while ng that office he get his hand freely into pad urde for the first time. At about the eriod he made himself the leading spirit in the Tammany organization. He showed soon that his power asan organ- zer yareat. He drew men around him appeals to their scifish natures. To ve money. some place of jed on the theory Ifarival arose ushed that ri erushed the ne oitice. nis way b Wood and called a enemy, the “Big lingly corcupt came comptroller of New York a Tweed formed an alliance, Cun- holly was greedy and ¢ : ould se« & popular est the pleasure of Twe r, compelled to sh ision of the moi That same ve to the Stat r riet by nate he found @ itieally. How he This purposes is ¢ w lor far wiser himselt in the per He also found a flip in A. Oakey Hall, ant but brillient advoca & man fre ng to blind kis eyes to the crimes committed around Lim ass reward for temporal power and plea-ant notoriety. When thes four men— Tweed, Connolly, Sweeny aod Hall—joined their varrous forces and talents, the Tammany conspiracy was complete. in is0 the f volt against this concentrated power began. was badly planned and disreputably officerea. Norton. Genet, Creamer, Peter Mitchell, Michael Murphy and others who led the move- nent in the legislature were not the men through whom reform could come. It locked fer a time, however, as if the move- went would succeed. ‘Tweed was beaten in the preliminary skirmish in the senate. He pre- tended to surrender, and voted for the rter of the yourg democracy. But be had secretly formed ‘an alliance with the republican party in the legislature and could affurd to bide his time. Meantime his rivais had lost their head: In the flush of temporary success they divided — on paper—all the offices in the city Ives. Tho charter, under which this grand distribution was to tike place, was taken io the assembly, where it was underst that it would pase by general consent. amazement of many, and to the dismay of the young democracy, it was defeated. “ ‘Tweed’s rivais serrendered at Creamer. Norton, Mitcheil—ail but Genet—sued for terms of fpeace. Tne next week Tweed's charter was introduces, and, receiving the sup- port of all the republican Senators excepting Bayer of Kenssclucr, it passed. ‘This wee fol- lowed by other measures which made the power of the ring well-nigh absolate. It was then that the system of plander began to work out its amazing results. Bills against the city were deliberately raised from $50,000 to $500,060, and the enormous excess divided between Connolly discretion. and Tweed, who in turn shared part of the money with subordinate strikers. Hall looked onand held his peace. Sweeny put forth an effort to stop the stealing, but was overborne. ‘The accounts of the comptrolier’s oftice were secTeted, and the genera: public. as well as the democr: party, were hood-winked and Tulsled. Among those who sought to profit in the gen- | eral carnival of fraud was James 0’ Brien, wh. as sherift of New York, bad received upward of $200,000 for three years service. After retiring from office he cooked up « bogus ating $20,000, and demanded tts payment. he board of audit refused to consider it, al- though Tweed espoused ('Brien’s bad cause. ‘To strengthen hiechances of getting the money, O’Brien piaced a confidential clerk in the comp- troller’s office, and secured transcripts of the iraudulent vouchers therein contained. Armed with these evidences of the guilt of his tormer comrades, he again demanded his plunder. was again refused. The ring had grown so bold and they felt that their lease of power vas so jong and strong that they @buld brave any ex- posure. Thereupon O'Brien turned his evidence over to the New York ‘fimes, and that paper printed it. The effect was startling. With one voice the people demanded the punishment of these men who had betrayed so great @ trust. They Were thrust out of the democratic party, whose temple they had defiled. Said Judge Davis in sentencing Tweed and who holds the foremost rank son, and who stands without a pon a character as pure and noble as any 's in this great city, immediately from his s€mi-retirement came and aided in the rescue ot this city from its great corruption. ‘Tilden, who stood as the leading man at the bead of the democratic state committee of tiis State. devoted weeks and months of toll in fer- reting out these crimes, in ascertaining from these bank accounts what had been done, till be was able to lay before us the other day on the | trial the result, cristaline in its simplicity, and so clear that no man could fail to read its meaning. Against a feeling of wrath which was aniver- sal Tweed opposed the power of his ill-gotten wealth. He doubtless believed that no jury 1 be found to convict him. His courage id not forsake him. While Connolly away toother lands to avoid puni Stayed and fought itout. Low t ed is told in the heavy sentence passed upon the great public plunderer. TaERe seems to be a fatality attached to the Presbyterian pulpit at Watawan, New Jersey. ate Sunday, while the these lines i the frst hymn: " the delightful day will come en my Lord will call me home, And I shall see his face,’” His strength gave out 2 died of apoplexy. Some years Pastor of the same church. fell head pit from the same disease, while Concluding lines of the same hymn. ALBERT M. Darw: deer on 8 wage Ru ™ drank twenty glasses of ed to whip three on Lis way home attem Then —~ 'y remarked: a, SF-The liabilities of Meyen! the suspended silk manufacturers, ‘atys Ate now. stated a: $54,000; aasets at $94,000, » a timid man, | ¢ from corrupt motives, but one will- | 3 among | Bat to the | laim aggre- | it} “O'Conor, who has been | And | pastor was reading o on Th: v1 aes eat aa ince loosac tu to the readers of newspapers. As far back as was » ing day. ee Rew ‘York how near! & cen. innel became fai 1825 it was vely proposed to tunnel Hoosac mountain, in order that a canal salghe be made to connect Boston with the Hadson river at the junction of the Erie canal with that river. Time On; proposal after propo- sal was made; contract ‘after contract was on- tered into; but up almost to the present it has joosae tranel ject sad been kept alive merely for the benefit wr Politicians and contractors. It is only within the last few months that the work was so far the pabtic Ly @ny assurance that would ever be compieted. The mt con- tractors went into the work heartily. and such Las been their success that it is condaently ex- ye & d that before the 4th of July next the tan- hel will be Open for the purposes for which it “as intended. When completed this great en- @ neering enterprise will take rank with the greatest works of the kind which will give this distinction In the years fo come—with Suez canal, the Pacific railroad, and the Mont Conis tunnel; and the state of Massachusetts is ty be congratulated on the prospective com- fletion of a work which, while it will be a gain t» itself, will be an advantage to the entire Union. The labor bas been tong, the @ipenae bas been great. but the completed work will be a full and satisfactory reward. An idea of the magniturle of the work may he gathered from the following figures: In length the tunnel will be 25,031 feet. Phere will be fare Shafts, one of 1,028 and the other of 318 feet in depth. The roadway will he 24 feet wide, the height from grade to roof 26 feet, the whole cost- ing the commonwealth of Massachusetts up- wards of twelve millions of dollars. It will be the second largest tunnel in the world. The Mount Cenis tunnel is seven miles in length; the Hoosac will be four and three-quarter miles. What effect this new road will have on the trades, industries and commerce of the east and west has yet to be tested. After the Pacitic railroad, it is the greatest piece of engineering which the United States have undertaken and | all but accomplished, and its suceessfal comple- tion will encourage the hope that the isthmus of Panama witl not much longer be allowed to 0 the rapidly growing trade of the New According to ancient prophecy the rough places are to be made plain and the cooked places straight. We are seeing Scrip- ture fulfilled every day. Mountains are no longer barriers, and seas no longer divide. The Hoosac tunnel is another triumph of our mod- ern civilization ‘Tre Proutive Lear Costume in yogue in the days of Adam and Eve ix said to be perpetu- ated by a small Hindoo tribe inhabiting a remote nook or the province of Orissa. When engaged w Mr. T. Cavenshaw, the commissioner of € a, a a boundary dispute in 1860 Colonel Dalton had his first opportunity of studying a party of Juangs, consisting of a ma- tron, half a dozen comely maidens, and as many men. The men had already abaniloned the use of leaves for the smallest possible quantity of cotton cloth, but the women clung to their foll- age under the belief that when the river goddess Byturnee, first leaped from the Gonasika rock, she was so angry at the spectacle of a party of ‘Juangs dancing naked, that she condemned them to adopt leaves as their dress forever, or | die. The first torchlight dance of this part wasshy. Next day, says Colonel Dalton, the came to my tent at noon, and while I convers- ed with the males on their custom, language and religion, the girls sat nestled together ina cor- ner, for a long time silent and statues, but after an hour or two had elapsed the crouching nymphs showed signs of life and symptoms of uneasiness, and, more attentively regarding them, I found that great tears Were dropping from their downcast eyes like dew-drops, on green leaves. On my tenderly seeking the cause of their distress, I was told that the leaves were becoming dry, sti?, and uncomfortable; and if they were not allowed to zo into the woods fora change the consequen- ces would be serious and they certainly coald notdance. It was a bright, dry day, and the crisp rustling as they rose to depart confirmed the sta ment. When they returned, arrayed in aves; we induced them to give us not 'y the solemn measure of the evening before, but to perform a variety of sportive dan: juite di » eiteet, and tt was alto- Dg “ballet.” They con- with a vulture dance, a highly dra- pale. One of the men was made to lie on the ground and represent adead body. The girls in approaching it, imitated the hopping, sideling advences of the bird of prey, and, using their hands as beaks, nipped and pinched the pseudo corpse in @ manner that made him occa- sionally forget his character and yell with pai EXTRAORDINARY VITALITY OF Porr's Warittnos is a remarkable phenomenon in its way. Few reputations have been exposed to uch perils at the hands of open enemies or of wrudent friends. In his life-time “the wasp wickenham” could sting through an even- ‘overing of pride or stupidity. Lady Mary Lord Haryey writhed and retaliated with more success than the poor denizens of Grub street. But it is more remarkable that Pope seems to be stinging well into the secout century after his death. "Hix writings resembie those tire-works whick, after they have fallen te the ground and been apparently quenched, ddenly break out again into sputtering ex: plosions. ‘The waters of a literary revolntion | have passed over him without putting bim out Though much of his poetry has ceased to inter- est us, so many of his brilliant couplets still survive that probably no dead writer, with the | solitary exception of Shakespeare, is more fre- | quently quoted at the present day.” It is in vain that he is abused, ridiculed, and even declared to be no poetat all. The school of Wordsworth regarded him as the embodiment of the cor- | Tupting intiuence in English poetry; more re- cently M. Taine has attacked him, chiefly, as it | would seem, for ——- to run counter to M ‘Taine’s theories; and. hardest tate of all, the learned editor who is now bringing out a ‘con- clusive edition of his writings has find his nerves | so hardened by familiarity with poor Pope’s many iniquities, that bis notes are one prolong- ed attack on his author's morality, orthodoxy and even poetical power. We seem to be listen- | ing to @ Boswell animated by the soul of a Dennis. And yet Pope survives, as indeed the | bitterness of ‘his assailants testifies. When controversialists spend volumes in confuting an adversary who bas been for centuries in his grave, their unconscious testimony to his vi- tality is generally of more significance than their demonstration that he ought to be insig- nificant. Drowning a dead rat is too dismal an occupation to be long pursu watch the stream descending, we may generally | assome that the rat has still some life in him.— | Cornhill Magazine. TicHBORNE IN America. the The authorities in reat Tichborne trial _in London recent! dence in this country against the claimant. Since then private detectives haye been scour- ing the country for two witnesses who knew the real Sir Roger Tichborne as a young man in England. They found them in the western mines, and Messrs. Blatchford, Seward, Gris- London. stis said that they will testify that the butcher of Wa ga Wagae isan impostor. One day last week Deputy Collector Lydecker inves- | gated the records in the New York custom- | house to ascertain when the brig Osprey sailed from that port. The vessel was the one in which Sir Le ig Tichborne shipped as a sailor, and in which he is believea to have been cr-~ved. The date of her clearance was found t respond with that given by the claimant in his testimony. Novem METEORS—4/ trons in Franc | The Paris Journal des Debats of the 12th sa: | that at that date the French astronomers were on the lookout for the annual recurrence of | meteors. Other shooting stars were to be ex- | pected on the 26th, 27th and 2sth of the present month. Since the researches into the character ot meteors made by the astronomer Schi | relli, shooting stars have come to be considered | asthe remains of comets which have become shivered in space, while a comet itself is only a shooting star on @ gigantic scale. Last year. | upon the “th of November, the astronomers | were looking for Biela’s comet, which was due | at that time, but instead of the comet came a | rain of meteors across the skies, which were | counted by thousands. From this circumstance it was deduced that Biela’s comet had sepa- rated, taking the shape of shooting stars. A ConTEST FOR THE POSSESSION OF A Rartroap.—On Wednesday Thomas A. Scott, of Pennsylvania, and Judge H. J. Jewe Colum bus, Ohio, | of the Gilman, Clinton and Springfield ratlroad, tcok possession of the road and placed it in charge of Assistant Superinten lent Shepherd. In the meantime Col. R. P. Morgan, late rai road and warehouse commissioner, had been | appointed receiver of the road under receipt of in order of Judge Tipton, and it is stated that Shepherd will undoubtedly refuse to surrender 4 | the road to him, which will agen take the mae | ter into court. | A Crvit Riots Case.—In Columbus, Ohio, | Several nights ago Richard Porter, a negro, presented himself with a girl to the doorkee per of the a a havin, hag vg nad re- served seats in a bh eaper | refused to admit him, and, going tothe boxe | office, exchanged the tickets for 1.50, the price | for . Porter refused the money and eft the building angry. , On Tasedas he met | the doorkeeper onthe , and after declaring that he had insulted him in'refusing his ticket, | knocked him im terribly. For npany, for the pare manufactt iron in Sudge William McLau, fbn Oe Iron and whilst we | employed lawyers in New York to work up evi | wold and Da Costa a few days ago sent them to | or | rustees for the bondholders motionless as | careless— Starbuck. with dreadfal intensity. asked the commissioner. Supp! The members of the Danbury Water Board Lave w ent imposed upon themselves toe most dreadful secrecy as to their official Movements. Where there is a break to repair, 0° an imprevement to make which is to disturv the pipes, they cut offthe water withont any n tice, and the first intimation the house wite has <j the bev iacony ome is Reena aeg — the faa- ect and receives in nse the dubious ings of escaping ‘ar. Then the head Sr the house takes the pai! and “shins” out for a neigh boring well, and if the remarks he makes vere put in a book, it would take pretty jan to hold the book. But this shutting is & grievous matter, and our very sensitive at it. Mon- @ vy afternoon, while Mr. Cobleigh was cypher- ing out some calculation in his store, he ove:- he ome One say thatthe water was to be fortwo days. As the nearest well to Mr. Cobleigh’s hcuse is a quarter of a mile away, that gentleman gave utterance to an ex- pr ssion of earnest gratitude, coupled with an Observation intended to enliven the Water Board. precipitated himself into his coat, and start(d for home at a rapid speed. Arriving there a'l ont of breath, in a heat that made his fle-h quiver, he threw his excellent wife into undue trepidation by screaming for the tubs, patis aod barrels. But when she learned, which she gradually did, that the water was to be shut ot! at once, she entered heartily into the excite- ment and earnestness. First the tubs were snatched out of the cellar, and snatched up stairs with equal celeri id while Mr. Cob- leigh tended to their fillin, glared fero- cously atthe running str Mr ravsacked the house for the availa! . ‘Tne good lady was scarcely less unnerved than her man, and under the inspiration of his con- stantly recurring, ‘‘Hurry, hurry, Matilda!” it did seem, as she afterwards actually confessed, asither head would spin off and lose itseit. Once or twice she stopped to exp! Lord, Moses, I can’t be everywhere at the “Hurry, hurry, Matild: y her short, and sent her into the search again more distracted than ever. Milk pails, pans and basins were brought. Then she got dows the bowls. and Mr. Cobleigh was going to call for the goblets when he was diverted by think- ng of the iron kettles, and they were brought orth, and all of them filled. One of them tipped over. but Mr. Cobleigh caught the contents in his shoes, and thus saved the Laer a Then he filled the teakettle. and atterwards the dip and finding no fresh fieldsto conquer, shut the water, and being in a heavy perspiration, and exhausted as to breath, sat down and rest- ed. After the rest he put off his wet clothes and put on some dry ones, and beerinprsy en the wet shoes tor a pair of dry boots which hart his heel, be limped back tothe store. Once there he prepar to renew his struggle with the problem he was engaged on when electrified with the intelligence that the water was to be cut off, but the duplicity of the Water Board filled his mind to the exclusion of all other topies, and finally leaving aside his pencil, he started with the fore heel for the office. Com- missioner Starbuck was present. ‘0, you are here, are you” inquir Mr. Cobleigh, con- temptuously. ‘-Certainly,” said Mr. Starbuck. “Well, you are a nice one, ain't you,”’ he ob- served, asif in continuance of his interest in the commissioner's weltare. ‘* Why, what's the matter Mr. Cobleigh’ ‘Matter?’ asked that gentleman, suddenly raising nis voice, and los- ‘ng all the color about his mouth. «Matter, is it’ he eried, his voice trembling with passion, and the strain put upon it. “What do you mean, I want to know, by shutting off the wa- ter sapply of this people without one word of warning, without the faintest notification of your base, sneAking desigus? What do you mean by putting the entire town into a state of confusion and suffe ing by the grossest piece of My dear sir,’ {nterrupted Mr. Starbuck, ‘what can you mean by this charge. hut off.” What,” gasped he water has not been shut Starbuck.—“But—but, ain’ The water Mr. Cobli repe it to be sh two days’ falterin, igh 4 Mr. in his tone. ‘‘Certaint y not,” said Mr. Mr. Cobleigh stared at the speaker “Who told you this?” “I don’t know now who it was,” said the unfortunate man, sudden- ly recalling himself toa realizing senss of the horrid mistake. ‘It was some all-fired fool in the store, and { wasin such a hurry toget home | years of age. | values on gold and silver are also that [ never stopped to look or think. Here I bave been up to Nelson strect on a dead ran, turned over the entire house, filled every ve in It with water, lifted tubs that weighed a ton apiece, wet every thread of clothing on m ody, and almost made alunatic of my wif and then had te get back to the store with a a the skin right off heel d the miserable man ‘because | ofa darned black hearted, lying idiot.” ‘Then as he limped a and thought on the appear- f bis home, and the array of amateur ponds within it, he incidentally men- Confound the lying scaiawag; if I can thunderbolt of tioned get hold of bim before the heaven overtake him, | will smash every bone in bis villainous carcass.”"— Danbury News. A Lovers’ Quarrel—Both Kiil Them- selves. A lovers’ quarrel between a young actress named Krama, better known as Fraulein Ke- mark, and her lover, the actor Schumann, which occurred in Austria a few days since: was followed by very sad consequences. For some weeks before, the disagreem nts between the two had been frequent. Miss Kramer made attempts to kill herself, first, by opening a vein with a knife, and then by drinking a solution of phosphorus matches in water. She was rescued in time on both occasions. Three days before the final quarrel, after having hada dispate with Schumann, she took a revolver and rushed into the street at night time, threatening to shoot herself. Her maid prevailed upon her to return to the house, and succeeded in calming her, Finally three days later, the lovers had a short and apparently unimportant quarrel, im- mediately after which Miss Cramer killed ‘her- self by a pistol shot. Schumann was at once ta- ken into custody, because it was thought he might have had some complicity in the young lady's death, and also to prevent him from tak- ing is own life, as he threatened todo. There being no proof of his complicity, he was releas- ed after he had become composed. All this oc- curred at Limtz. Schumann, after his release, returned to Vienna to his’ father’s house, 3 Karuthner Strasse. He passed the forenoon in the family circle, where every effort was made to divert him. About 4 o'clock in the after- noon he drew a small pocket pistol and shot himself in the chest, saying, just as he fired, “Dear one who has gone before, I keep my word.” He died in a few minutes after, ex- iming “Jesus, Maria.” ahd pressing bis t hand to his breast. The bullet had passed torough the breast blade, making a very small hole, about the size of a He was well known as an actor, although only twenty-six As neither he nor Miss Kramer left any writing, the motives which brought about the tri ly remain unknown. The last words of Schumann give som color to the con- jccture that the two lovers had madea@ nutaal resolution to die. VALUES OP GOLD AND Siiver.—The Denver News recently contained the rollowing: We have secured the following from the superin- tendent of the branch mint i ity. The tineness of Colorado gold and the x ‘culation of sven: ‘One ton (2,000 pounds avoirdupsts) of gold or silver contains 29,163 troy ounces, and there- tore the value of a ton of pure go'd is $602,7 and of a ton of silver is $57,704.64. A cubic foot of pure gold weighs 1,218.75 pounds avoirdupois; a cubic foot of pure ‘silver voirdupois. gold coin weighs 3,635.8 pounds avoirdupois; one million dollars silver coin weighs 58,929.9 pounds avoirdupois. If there is one per cent. of gold or silver in one ton of ore, it contains 291.63 ounces troy of either ef these metals. ‘The average fineness of Colorado gold is 781 in 1,000, and the natural alloy, gold 781; silyer, 209; copper, 10; total, 1,000. he calculations at the Mint are made on*the basis that 43 ounces of standard gold or 900 fine (coin,) is worth $800, and 11 ounces of siver, 900 tine (coin,) is worth $12.80, Vicrimizine ovr Cowsuts tm Error. Several consuls of the United Statesin Europe are reported to have suffered a fleecing by a person t oyeom to be a special agent, or some- thing of that sort, sent out by the Treasury de- partment. He is said to have told each of them that their Consulates were the only ones worthy of a favorable report to the department, and then to hi asked a loan of money, with a | ly payment. One particular ut’’ to the amount of 300 francs. An Inevr QuickLy Aveyorp.—J. P. Dunn anda young man named Clark called at the bouse of a farmer named Mercer, near Lexing- ton, Mo.,on Monday evening, and began in- sulting the ladies. Mercer and hiss on-in-law remonstrated, and were assauited and badly beaten. In the struggle Mercer seized a shot- jan, and shot Clark dead and Dunn so badl at he died duri the night. Tbe coroner's jury rendered a ict of justifiable homicide Aw Escarep Lunatic Retvans.—A few days since an inmate of the Michigan state asylum for the insane, who had escaped some accord, oe n. He said ee eee ot Shown es taken Into the fold found no place he liked s0 well as the asylum, and seemed to be in great trouble lest Dr. Van Deusen would refuse to receive him. The doctor made him welcome. ———$———— eee SF Motto for the winter of 1873-4. afford it.” 7 Another Cardiff giant has been discovered This one was in a cave in Montana, and hasa by nse apes upon its head. Butitis only 9 s7-The Union which “I can’. Banking Company of Phila- aA who renetest themselves the Fay Aan peg a childless concluded the ofering offae Lord, sud adopted abary Man’s Water | t off this afternoon, and kept off tor | asked Mr. Cobleigh, with a visible | AUCTION SALES. THis AFTERNOON. | Davie eareeren ae. | TRUS’ ) SALE OF VALUABL Be eRe te ae Rig OUNSISTING OF 0) LL TWO-8STURY Fee to the jovem ber 13, A. Ww. fn equare iad) ac. s the surveyor’s 5, 1364, the rate of cont. pore’ nt. fat, Bum, for which the notes of the parctascr’ Sill’ Re jen, to be secured on the perty sold to the fection of the trustees. Conveyancing and re- cording at purchaser's cost. If the terms of sale fre uot complied with in six days after sale, the trustees: e the to resell the property at ————— ¥ CINT LY, Wh: F HOLTZMAN, ¢ Trasteos, nove-d LUTTBELL & CO., Aucts, LE 1S POSTPONED anti ‘9th inst., at same hour and HARVEY LINDSEY, WM. F ROUT aaa, Trasteos, novltd LUTTHELL & 00., Aucts. S7-AT THE REQUEST OF PARTIAS IN IN- crest, the above seie is postpoved until MONDAY, Deceiber Lets iad ard Oock pin. same place. Hy Nosky, WALE HOLTZMAN,’ { Trastes, ____LUTTRELL's €O.. Aucts. S7-THE ABOVE WEDNESDAY, the place, ¥ DUNCASSON, DOWLING & ots. Southeast Corner 9b and D west. ASSIGNEE’S SALE OF THE STOOK IN, TRADE goes GeusbuRes SONS, OF GZORGE- bn WEDNESDAY MORNING, Decombor ing at 10 »% &, TE will sell CO., Aw streets uorti at tue ‘avction well assort Bameburg & Son Buck Gi om Above me k of Gloves, & nd name i shed Bas in G Initation Buckskiu GU Finished and Untinised I Dressed Wool, Sheep Skins, Stivep Skin Shoe Linings. One Back Skin Hyntive Suit re), Herring & Co.'s Safe, : Omeh. ou BEGINALD FENDALL, Assignee of Jucob Rawaburg & Sons, nova? d DUNCANSON, DOWLING & GO., Aucts. ¥ DUNCANSON, DOWLING & OU., Aacts. B Coruer 9th and D strects noriliwest. VALUABLE 419 ‘Stu STREET ST; BRéING IMPROVED BY A TWO-STORY BRICK HOUSK,AT AUCTION, By virtue of adecree of the Supremes Coart of Be. District of Columbia, passed on tho lath day of November, A.D. 13/3, in the cansy of Browa al. ve. Brown etai. No. Sie, equl'y phacrebencd will ofr for wale dt publ tout of the pretiises, on A of December, A. D. $873, at 4 o'clock p.m, south twelve feet six inches fronton 8 h serest went by ninety-five feet depth of Lot B. in Sguare ume bered four hundred and twenty-two, 422,) improved two-story Brick House. rms: One-fourth cash instalimeyts, at 9, 12 with inte be app’ veyancing quired at tim balance in three equat and 18 months, reape Fy H secnired by notes of tho purchaser to by the trustee, and aroserve lien. Con- * A deposit of 250 re- JUDSON T. OULL, Trustee, 226-d DONCANSON, DOWLING & CO, Ancts, Y B. H. WABNER, Real Estate Broker and Auctfonser, No. 729 7th street, between G and H, bs SALE OF VALUABLE PROPER. ON THE OLD BLADENSBURG ROAD, NEAR BUENA VISTA.” “SOLDIERS? HoMk,” & JUNTY OF WASH- a IN INGTON, D.O., AT By virtue of'n deod day of April. A.D is72, tber No. 682, folio 122, for Wasbington ccnnty,in and by direction of thi wall roll, at public ay ON. aC trust, dated the nd duly recorded ne of the Iwad reo ori ne District of Columbia, ¥ avcured thereby, we ,on the premisos, on F'BI- VAY, Deceiuber Och, 1573, the following-Asscrib Real Ketate, situate in tas county of Washiug:o: 0. 0., to wit:—All of lots numbered thir:een (13) and fifteen (15) of the subdivision of * Motropulis v acceding to the origional plot or plan Bled in ad ene nity Docket 18) being mors fully and at tage hn A. Middleton, teus- dated March 29:h, 1570. re folio 128, one ef the land unty, D. O., said lows con acres, two (3) roods and eh th 7; si Jumbia, Ne. 500. (15) and thirteen ( sescribed in a deed from tee.to Kliza T. Berry corded fo U lots fifteen bing’ taming in all cightee twenty (2)) perches, Terms: One-third in cash, at snd twelve moutha, with ‘int trom day of sale, secared by a iD (8) 1 of trust ont 20) ill be royuired as a deposit on day . All conveyancing at expense of purchaser. Uf terms of salsare not complied with in seven days, the trustees reserve the ht to resell the property at the risk and cost of the defaulting purcha er, ofter five days’ advertisement in soma one of more prspape.s, published in the city of Washington, D.C. RALIAM STIORNEY, ¢ trustoos, GEORGE W. PLANT, nodl-eo&ds {Rep } J.T. COLDWELE, Salesman. ¥ DUNOANSON, DOWLING & OO., Aucts., Southeast corner 9th and D streets northwest, TRUSTEES’ SALE OF TWO NEW 2-STORY FRAME COTTAGES ON sr T, BE- TWEEN 91H AND 1Org STREETS NOBTH- WEST, AT AUCTION. By virtue of a deed cf trust dated the 4th day of Octo! .-D. }, and duly rec: ‘om the isth dey of January, A. BD. 1873, in No. 717, folio 124, one of tno’ land records for Washington connty, in the District of Oolambia, we will sell, on MONDA Y, the Ldth day of Decem- ber, A. D. 1578, at 4 o'clock p.m.,in front of the Bremiseryall that pisce or ot ground known and deecril as Lots igi wo (32) and eighty- three (83) in L. 8. Chapman’s record. of original Lots four (4) to eleven (11) inclusive, in 84 three hundred and sixt: with all the improvements, wa privileges, appurtenances. and same belons wise ng, OF in AD} +3 "These Lots bave a front of 1s feet each on i stroct cae and running back @ depth of 100 feet to an 3 7. Terms: The amount of indebtedness, $3,500, and interest at 6 per cent. from date of trust aud expsuses of aale, cash; on the balance a oredit of 12 mouths, yotes bearing interest from day of sale secared by & deed of trust upon the property. A deposit of $100 required as 8000 as s0 onveyancing, & . att cont of purchaser. If the terms of sale ate not com- ied with within 7 days, the Trustees reserve the Tight to resell the property st the risk and cost of the aefeniting purchaser or parchase: by Gas five days’ notice in some paper pablisbed in Wash: TERY, { Trasteos, ington city. ~ FRANCIS WHEATLEY VARA DOWLING & CO., Aucts, WILLIAM W DUNCANSON, Dov2]-2awtdecll ad ¥ LATIMER & CLEARY, Auctioneers and Real Estate Brokers, Seutbwest corner Pennsylvania ave. and Ith street, Siar Oflice Buildings TRUSTEE'SSALE OF AN ENTIRESQUARE OF GROUND NEAK THE COLUMBIA KAILWAY By virtue of a deed of trast to the undersigaed GPoresting date ‘Apri ya Dy 173, ant rocneded in liber No. 652, at folio 3, et sea., and by direc- tion of the holder of the no-es secured thereby, I will sell at public anction, on the premises, ou TUESDAY, the 25th day of November, A. D. 1873, at 4 o'clock p. m., all of square numbered nine han- dred and thicty-two,(932) bounded by worth T and streets, and 9th and l0ch streets northeast, contain~ ing ‘n the whole 73,00 square feet. The property will be sold subject to a dead of trust dated October i, Ey a Sng ont cents per square foot re- mains upon the proj ‘Termer, One-third cash, residue in four equal pay- ment },6,9,and 12 montas, with interest from the day of sale. Deed given and trust taken, $250 to be deposited when the property is strack off, which isto be forfeited an'ess purchaser complies with the terms of sale within five days after sale. Conveyancing at cost of purchaser. FRED. W. JONES, Trasteo, octa-eokds LATIMER & CLEARY, Aucts, Sr THE ABOVE Is POSTPONED notil FRIDAY. pL ed “ same hour and Nace. By order of the Pinovas-ecdds x LATIMER & CLEARY, Ancts. LE OF VALUABLE IM- PROPERTY ON 19 STREET, ne STREETS, NORTH: or. parce Bn stds 3 ‘ay's subdivision aun hundred and forty-two, 1a,)"as aid ‘down. upon the ground plat or sald cit cerveroe’s office, her wit ASS1G) s WHISK (ks, W r a a Corner sth and B A | 2 10m. va TUESDAY MORNING. ra, Beis coment argh ofc ines, Whiskies. Cigars, 4c., of & Wren, coutalued in the store corner of stre te Durthwest, and name in part— Hees Wolates, Wines, im, Black terry, Malaga, Bhelving, with pomeroue LS, at ‘Wagon and Harnoss, L would invite the att: ntion of the trae med fam- Hes to this sale, as the stock is mostly fresh and 2 o'clock, same day, Well exsorted J.D. NEWMAN, A-sigure. nd DUNCANSON, DOWLING & OO., Aucts, ¥ LATIMER & OLEARY, B Anctioneers and Real Estate Brokers, Southeast corner Pennsylvania avouse aud Lith Star Office Building. ROSEWOOD (ASE PIANO FORTE COTAYE MADA BY HALLE TT DAV LOK MAR FRE SELS. 4 QUIN , ; Vase! NTS, 2 NOT ING ROOM CHAL CHAMBER SUT ETS. MIRKO& PROS AND HUSK MAT STERS AND Pl D3, ETS. ac Na R B Wren; we-described hers unnecessary to ‘at wve8-dte LATIMER & CLEARY, Anots ¥ E. McB. TIMONEY & CO., Kor! Estate Brokers aid Anctionosrs, 631 F street, under Second National Bank. TRUSTEES’ SALE OF VALUABLE PROPERTY ON 107 STRERT, BETWREN P SUCREET AND BHODE ISLAND AVENCE NORTH WEST—LOTS @ AND H, SQUABE 337, 20 bY 99.9 FEET RACG By virtue of a deed of trast te the ander- signed, dated September 6, A. aad daly pracd in Liber 6, folio 174,«ne of che land for Wasbington county,in ¢ District of ia, and at the reqnest of the party secured by, ve will sell, in front of the rr 8] er 2, 1873, all th» ground known and des upen records of said city as lots lettered @ sod H,in a subdivision of synare nambered three undred and thirty-seven (37), together with the pte thereon, This repens, is located io idly improving part he city. te, &= proscribed by said deet of red thereby unpaid ( ereon, atthe rate of By pease ef sale, in ¢ . aod aix and twelve months, for which the ureh: r, bear a 5 est, secured by a deed of trust on the property be taken, lepoait of $100 will be required on the jay of sale, and all conveyancing att purchaser. If the terms of aale are n complied ‘hb in seven days from the day of sale, the trustees ethe right to resell the property. at the risk “ st of the defaniting parchaser, after fiveday< advertisement in one or more of the newspapers rnin ease * RNER 1 AINABD . GEO. W. STICKNEY oreaeree nov22-eokds there TGESD. ‘ent per annul the balance at notes of the ad E.McB. TIMONEY & CO., Ancts Y B.A. WARNER, Real Estate Broker and Auctioneer, No. 729 7th street. between @ and H sts, RUSTERS’ SALE OF ATWO STORY FRAME DWELLI xc... No 3 MADISON ST., »N STREETS AND 6ra AND 71H STREETS NORTHW & deed of trust, dated Febraary daly recorded in Liber No. ‘of the tand rscords for Wash + is the District of Columbia, and by f the p yr, we will soll Met. rclock, val estate, situate to wit a Being part of d forty-three, (43,) in aquare aum- bored four hundred and forty-eight, (443,) fronting twelve f in street, with's depth of one ) fect to 95 foot alley, bsiag | b part of said lot f + Consisting 0 dwelling in front and ® frame Terma: $360. 7 able in rear. with interest at 10 per cent., from 3, to dey of salo, and exp. it via and twelve months, purchaser, bearing interast jay of sale, and seenred by a. deed. of trust on the Operty #0ld, will be taken. A dep of $50 will as ® deposit on day of sale. All con- at expense of purchaser. of anls are mot compliod with in seven ‘aye, the Trustees reserve the right to resell at the Iting purchaser, after fre lays? advertisement in some one or more newspa- 3 Washingion eicy DG. RGE W STIOKNEY.! prostoos PHILIP A DARNEILUE, 3 novi7-cokds J.T. COLDWEUL, Salesman, 13* SEEEN & WILLIAMS, Anctionoers, No, 1001, northwest corner loth and D'streets. TBUSTEES’ SALE OF VALUABLE LOTS ON THE ISLAND &. ingt intere of the Decem! pers publish seg By virtue of certain deeds of trast. duly re- orded in (ibere Nos. 653, folio 210, &c. lio 375, &¢., of the land records for Wash- ty, B.O., and by direction of the parties we Will sell, at public auction, in front emises, at 4 b’ciock p m.,on TUESDA 1d 1873, Lote 14 and 15;in VanBiswick's f Square 471, in Washington city, D. Oy with ail the improvements thereon, ‘erms of sale: Que-third cash, (of which 100 must be paid st sale;) the remainder in 6, 12 and 1s months from day of sale, with interest at ten per cent., and secured by deed of trust to the satisfac- tion of the trastees. Terms of sale to be fally com- ith within six days after day of sale, ot! wine the trusiees reserve the right to resail the prop- erty, at the risk aud cost of defaulting purchaser or purchasers., All conveyaveing at purchasec’s cost, 5 A JAMES 8. EDWanps,| ‘Travtess. novld-eo&ds GREEN & WILLIAMS, Ancts. [B® GREEN, & WILLIAMS, Anctioncors, ‘No. 1001, northwest corner 1th and D sts, TRUSTED'S SALE OF A SMALL HOUSE AND LOT ON OKOAR STREET, BETWEEN Lsra | AND 191 STREETS NORTHWEST. By virtue of a deed of trast, dated the Mth day é f April, 1371, and recorded in liber No 647, olio $23, &c., of the Iand records for Wash tugton county, D.'0.. and uy direction of the party ys 23 sate rr secured thereby, I Will sell at publit auction, in front of the Promina o’clock p.m, on TOURS. | DAY, the 24 day of aber, 1873, Lot numbered | thirty-four (34), and the east five fect of Lo: No. 35, f the recorde ivision of square nnmbered one hondred and thirty-two, (132.) ‘Terms of sale: $225 in cash, of which @50 must be | id at sale; the balance in 6 and 12 months, in uotes | pearing inte property, Oonveyaucim chan and secared by deed of trast on the at the cost_of the x . P. CALLAN, Truatse, Bov2)-cokdbfs GREEN & WILLIAMS, Aucts. BY LATIMER & CLEARY, Auctioneers and Real Southwest corner Pennsy lly Star Office Bu | A A LOT OF E % On TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, ana THURSDAY EVENINGS, December 2,3, 4, commencing each evening at 7 logues are now ready, and books arranged for mat novas 4t LATIMER & OLEARY, Ancts. TRUSTEE’S SALE OF THREE COMFORTA- BLE FRAME DWELLING HOUSES NEAR CORNER OF E STREET AND 4% STREET. By virtug of deed of trust tothe fees: fe the 18th day of ‘aud duly recorded, and at ne secured thereby, I will DAY, the ¥th day of December, 4 o'clock p. m., in frovt of the prem! 14 and 15, in square No, 833, on 4 street, ‘The improvements are three 3-story comfor- Frame Dwelling Honses, kaving aix each, and have au alicy leading out to E street. Terms: One-fourth carb; residue in 6,12 and 18 mouths, with interest at ton per cont. go deposit on each house when property is struck off novi4-eotds LATIMER & OL . H. WARNER, Broker and Aucti No, 729 7th street, Between G and H, TRUSTER'S SALE heen se SOUTH BILE OF SOUTH OABOLING AT AUCTI ° k p.m Jot numbered two 05 aye ir ieAke Poise ike kts aes ee 8) by @ aepeh oh arenty pose i Seeeersts Saearat gaa shite erares six (6) fect a Stake, dates ay if et i FS 3 tii ti Ft | S7-THE ABOVE SALE IS POSTPONED until MONDAY 17th fostact, at the same hour and Place. B order of lore, novit-cotds GREEN & WILLIAMS, Aucts, S7- THE ABOVE SALE IS FURTHER POST Powel unvil WEDNESDAY ember B6th, at the same hour and piace, T-ustes, novi eofds = G }, Aucte, S27 THE ABOVE PON Jor of the EN & WILLIAMS, 18 FURTHER Post. | NED until W ESDAY, Decembor 31, a: the | me beurand piace Border of the Trustee | nov2s-cokas GREEN & WILLIAMS, Aucts ¥B.g. KNER, Beal Estate Broker and Anctioneer, No, 729 7th street, between G and H. TRUSTER S SALE oF A DESIRABLE STORY BRICK DWELLING-Gu: » « FIFTE: NORTHEAST COBNSR OF ANK, © STREETS NORTHWEST A a By virtue of a deed of trast to Daniel L. and myself, dated Febraary 6,4. D nd duly recbrucd in Liber No. 62, ¢ La. a Re i. w | vo- | D. mn. all tha or parcel of ground situate, lying Washington city, D.C., Known and design lot puwbered twenty-ilve,(28,) iu Pattors division of square numbered two huadred au (205,) fronting ¢ atx, evty feet three inches on 8 street, ms dred fret, tog ing of @ ne ty is located t ory brick | iu a rapidly im- proving part the city. Terms: $2,000 and interest at ten per cent. per snnom from April 6, 1573. and expense of sale in Cash; balance in 6 and 12 months, notes the purchaser, bearing interest from the day of sale, aud secured by adead of trast on the | ee beteken. All conveyancing at cost f the purchaser, 2 will be reqaired “ iton day of sale” If terms of sale are not complied | with in seven days, the tr resell the property at the faulting purchaser, after five in some oue oF more newspapers ington city, D 0. a Ok E W. STICKNEY. Surviving Trustes novi7-m,w fds J.T. COLDWELL, Salesman. BY GREEN & WILUIAMS, Auctioncers. No. 1001, northwest corner loth and D sts, for which the 2 FY 5 . : z Es blished in Wash 4 a ON THE WEST STREET. BETWEEN P AND KETS NOKTHWEST. \ virtue vf a deed of trust to us dated No- v ney y of Columbia, ef the party secured thereby, we auction, mm front of the premives, to the der, on FRIDAY, November BSth, 18/3, at 4% ‘clock p. m., lot B, in Whitney & Warner's record: 1 srbdivision of lots in square three handred and | xty five :365), fronting seventeen fost nine and ree-fourths inches on the weet sl ie just being paved. The ot to the apactal improve- will be paid, The title is Property will be sold su ft tax; all other tax: t ° as jerest from May 2, 15 the balanc p notes of th day ¢ property it of one hundred dolla: Prescribed by the deed ef 73.at ton dep the time of sale, and if the te a with in ten days after salo the deposi feed. All conveyancing at the cost of the par- chaser, PRAINARD EH. WARNER, | GEORGE W_ STICKNEY, s Trusters novi-co&ds GREEN & WILLIAMS, Aucts. &7 THE ABOVE SALE [8 POSTPONED anti! WEDNESDAY, Deomber 10th, 157. 73, same hour aud ps®: BRAINARD H. WARNER, GEOKGE W_ 5T ds GE EY. { Trustess, no UIAMS, Ancts ¥ DUNCANSON, DOWLING & O0., Aucts. Southeast corier Kh and B streets horth weet TRUSTEES’ SALE OP TWO NEW TWO STORY FRAME AGES OS BR STRERT. BeE- TWEEN 9ru AND 10ru STREETS NOSTS WAST, AT AUCTION. By Virtue of a deed of trust, dated the 19th day f April, A.D. 1 d daly recordad on the 2d day of May in Liber No. 673, foliv d recurds for Washington c any the District of Colambia, we will sell, on MOB: Y, the 10th day of December, A. D-is73, at 4 ‘clock p. m , in front of the premises, all that cer- tain piece of parcel of groand and premises situated ying aud being Bnown as Lots eighty (3) and rights-one (51), im L. 8. Chapman's subdivision of suare three bundred and sixty-four (364,) according Gols laud Frcords of Washington sity: District of Columbia. Said lots having a front of is fect each, bys depth of 100 feet to an siley, and improved by two Frame Qottages, containing #ix rooms each, with water, gas and bath room, together with all the improvements, ways, easements, rights, privileges, appurtenances and itamente t Wenging, or io any wise appertaining. Terms - The amount of indebtedness, §3,500, and interest at the rate of sx per cent. from date of ‘ash; @ credit of 6 12, and given apen the balanc: bearing interest from day of sale, and secu! deed of trust upon the property. ‘A de required 8 soon as sold. Uonveyanciog, &c., at cout of the purchaser. If the terms of complied with within seven days, the Trustees ht to resell the property, at the risk defaulting purchaser or purchasers otice in some paper published city. RANCIS WHEATLEY.) 7 stone § L WHEATLEY. < a | SON, DOWLING & CO., kd Auctionsers, Y¥ B. H. WARNER, ] Beal Estate Broker and 4 5 729 Sovecl ae » between G ns - aaa j by ‘itot $3) E ri} STREET, BETWEEN 20Ta AND ict STS. NORTHWHST, AT AUCTION, By virtue of a deed of trast, dated the 12th » 4. D. 1872, and duly recorded on | ‘of May, 1813, in Liber No. 733, folio Records for he (pg niga ‘anty, ol be ublic | December, | or day of May ‘the léth day 1873, at 4 o'clock p. m., all those in pieces or | arcels land situate and lying in the city of Washington, District of Columbia afercesid: as known and described as nineteen (19) and twenty (20),in Square numbered one handred and ene (101), a8 the same is laid down on the plat or tan inente Terms of sale: 99,968 the amount of indebt- edness secured by this of trast unpaid, with ten per cont. interest from May 12, 1:i¢, aud expense of sale. in cash, and the balance at six and twelve | moovths, for which nutes of the purchaser, beari: interest from the day of sale and eccured bya deed of trust on the property sold, will be taken’ "A. de- it of @300 will required as a deposit onthe | siesln, (Ail comvertecing ot expan at tee hs a be given soe g the ereot Seareeal caw be property wilt be pat up Aud resold ut the risk aud cost ‘of tho defeulting purchaser: pong MATTINGLY, EORGE OHN H. MATTINGLY, novit-echae iT OOLDWELL, B* pet . Southwest corner Trosows. — TRRICR DWELLINGS ON Sru STRELT BAST, Ew AND ISTREETS NORT! 3 id KREAT |G Se ed cesase LIN ‘With the view of son, the Steamers dimtuient of for ait —— or ‘Mi esanon York or Boston, crosein of nothing to the north of ces On the Bomeoward Pasege, crossing oridtes of BO at 43 Lat., or nothing to the Ae. ee cu THE BRITISH AND NORTH AMERICAN KOVAL MAIL STEAMSHIPS, BETWEEN NEW YORK AND LIVERPOOL, CALLING AT CORK HARROR tFnoM NEW *OUD® sane W AbysstnialW A -) a Bone... Wed. Doo | Herin Sai. De: = ed, Dec. 24! Parthia Sat, Dac * WEDNESDAY ane SATU DAY ~~ York Steamers marked thas * do not carry steerage pas- sengere. = e0Cy rom Liverpool and Queenstown, rope, at lowest Fates. Through B to Belfast, Glasgor, Havre, werp, and other points on the Continent and for Mediterranean ports. For freight and sage, apvly at the Company's o Green; for storrage paaeage, at N Trinity Building CHAS. G. FRANKLYN, Agent, W, OTIS BIGELOW, Agent, OMoa, 643 Bovis ty Dorthwest, Washington, VIA OANAL, TWREN PHILADELPRIA. ALEXANDRIA, Va. WASH- INGTON AND GEORGETOWN, D. 0. “i ORT tt en Comeneed D.0., TUBB Der. and SATURDAY Ps 10 4. m. ‘his line coumects at Iron Line” of wharfage tn Boston by YDE, Agent for D. of O, Pulisdeipuis, 2? *. 4 Congress street ,Bostom. Freights delivered by Knox's Exprem. Or- ders left at Ge Oftice, 603 Penney ivant re wue, OF at the steamer wharf will be Ly wt tended te “ pega tr INSURANOE OOMPANIES, =RN MUTCAL INSURANCE CUMPARY, OS™ Capital nearly $500,000, LOSSES PROMPTLY PAID Office, 6U3 18th street, opposite Treasury Depart- ment. Also, AGENT CONTINENTAL LIFE INSUR- ANCE COMPANY, oct9-2m ___ BW. BATES, Agent. [®*URE YOUR PuoPxEry x THe fIREMEN ANCE coMPaN OF WAS Konces” mo 238. 008. BUTS, a er Bauk of Washington, bat James Kedforn.of Washington. Keae I, Kdward Shoemaker, George We Oropleys Soctetary. jy50 ar of Georgetown; 0. W. Howard, 9. Fire Tosurenes JONES & CO. W.. ne Sia eens. P. orn y. the following strong 7 » $1,000, Ee eeenane SF al Com lee > THE GERMAN AMERIOA’ oi Nn [HE CORCORAN Fine INSORANCE OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, semised Aprel 5 pa E Noida PRRNSTLVASiS ween EN 459 PI 8 * Fide Roi Mitsvan's Dave Orosa) eaUR RANGES. LABGEST AND BEST SELECTED STOUK SOOTH OF PHILADELPHIA. H. L GREGORY, yi-tm 63 PENNSYLVANIA AVEN' EAL ESTATE DIRECT: R CITY oF Pas vox ° n INGTON. of said city, together with the improve: | otReF