Evening Star Newspaper, December 9, 1868, Page 1

PUBLISHED DAILY, Sunday Exceptea, A‘ the Star Bullding, 8. W. Corner Pennsylvania Av end Lith Street, BY THE EVENING STAR NEWSPAPER COMPANY. — ae The STAR Borer ers served by the carriers to their © Oty and ip * at Tex ies Bt the counter, with two Ozwrs each. Mailixe:—Three months, One 4 x % months, Three io!- a Unnis rea ween. ¢ OF Wi.bout wmppel Di , No papers are ¢ office longer than paid for. STAR— published on Friday Gorning—One Dollar and 4 Halfa Year. rue + WASHINGTON, D. C., WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1868. DR. ABORX, RURAL 80 OPHTHALMIC SwuvuRnrRcGcowHnOW 8 THE AND ALL DISEASES OF THE EYE, EAR, HEAD. THROAT AND LUNGS, in the treatment of which he has introduced many © and importe ot Remedies and Modes of Appli Bs. with the most succeesfal results, as the wary thousands of testimonials in bis possession Will prove. a medical Ecok seut by mai! on receipt of cen! Be Ofice Houre.9 am toT p.m. TESIIMONIAL OF HON. JOHN COVODE, EMS. . OF CUNGREDSS Wasuixctox, D. C., Jone 12 198. Yor more than a year I suffered inconvenience ™ coxstamt spunding in my leftear. On the find stof May I ap ered me at on rrelief to Dr. Aborn. He m thatday to this J ny kind with my sear JOHN COVODE. r have bad no difficulty oi ing as Truly. CATARRH CURED. TESTIMONIAL FROM HON. M. ot Pleasautville, Pa. late Mem House ef Representatives. Dx. Anoux—Dear Sir: Some five years ago my son Willie commenced showing symptoms of (a tarth of the Head, which continned to grow worse nntil biseystem was so dsbilitated as to preciude an acti enjoyment of the sports of chtidboodor tn ty, attendance at School, and at times he was entirely prostrated with lingering fever—sometimos for weeks to- setber—with s constant man‘festation of the tisease, Such a9 @ constant stril discharges, &c., irritation of the All the asaal appli symptoms cf the beck throst, &c , causing nagwa arces and treatment of physicians. &c ,had failed t sttord relief, until you were applied to, last winter. when be began to improve immediately af ter <ctimencing your treatment, und continued to improve until now he enjoys a good state of heaith, and is able to participate in the active orts of tildheod with zert, aa well aa porsae his studies without interrs pti tement heretofore, as I wished to be satisfied that the relief was permanent. Yours tral; Plessactville, Pa., © M. C. BEEBE. er 24, 1s: Hores of Berseemntar Nasuvitie, June 17, 1868. Hon. Avs Foulkner, amember of the General Ae- sembly, whose word can be implicitly relied on, urnishes the following testimonial to the skill and Knowledge of Dr. Aborn in bis treatment of an ob- atinate case of disease of the eye. TO THE SUFFERING. I have been suffering with chronic sore eyes for fteem months. My attention was called to Dr. Aborn’s advertisement fn the papers of the dsy. 1 called upon him, and hay been under his treat- ment a few days, (sey about ten,) and I have found great relief, indeet, I fee! nearly well, and would adjore all who are suffering with disease of the eye to call om him, believing they will find re- Hef. ASA FAULKNES. THE NEW THEORY FoR DISEASES OF THE AIR-PASSAGE!: A WORD FROM AN OLD SCHOOL PHYSICIAN AS TO ITS . MERITS. CATARRH AND TUBERCULOSIs. TESTIMONY FBOM DR. FALCON LawRencevitix, November 5, 1357. Da. Avoux—Dear Dr:—I am now almost well of the terrible attack of Oatarrt and Taberculosie which I had when I applied to you for advice. I be yedisliked advertising very much, and yet it was your advertisement that got me fors patient. 1 sm convinced by careful stady of the new sys- tem of stomization, that if well carried out, we gains thocssnd years’ march upon Ostarrh snd Disease of the Langs. fo please to count mein as an entbastastie disciple of the new system, and a: adi of the simple, straightforward means by which we now reach disease of the Langs and sur rounding tissue. Wor more than forty-five years Ihave been used © the Allopathic practice, for twelve years lo- cated in Lawrenceville, and favorably recelved, aud honored with business by the citizens. ée7-im | | Proof that most, if not al!, of our domestic irou. F DISEASES OF RESPIRATORY ORGANS. OFFICE, No. 24% F STREAT, SETWERN 15rx anv lirn STREETS, UPPOSITS THE EBBITT HOUSE, WASHINGTON, WHERE UE CAN BE CONSULTED ON CATARRH, DEAFNESS, | Ver, XXXIL EVENING STAR. PRA. dent's Message. ens of ond Ho Senate af Representa m the reassembling of © tocall your att e Union, snd to its continned disor nized condition under the vanioas laws ch haye been passed upon the subject of truction It may safely ben +s sit again stion to the med, as an axiom in th that the greatest wror Pilcted apen a people are caused by unja and arbitrary Iegisiation, or by the unreleat- of despotic Tuiers. avd that the Tevocation of injuries and oppressive Measures is the greatest good Unxt can be cou- ferred upon a nation. The legislator or ruler who bas the Wisdom and macnanimity to re. trace bis steps, when convinerd of error, w: Tr be rewarded with the respec sTatitude of an intelligent and patron people. Var own Distory—althougd embrace a Period tess than a ‘century—aifords soun dant bies are directly traceable to violations of th organic law and excessive legisiation. The most striking Wlustrations of this fuct are fur- aished by the enactments of the past tnrec years upou the question of reconstraction. Aiter @ fair trial, they bavesubstantially tailed and proved pernicious im their resaits, and there seems to be Bo good reason why they should longer remain upon the book. Suites to which the Con: guarantees a republican form of erument have been reduced to tary dependencies, im each ef which the p ople Lave been made subject to the arpitrary whl of the commanding general. Although the Constitution requires thateach State shall be represented in Cougress, Virginia, Mississip- ph and Texas are yet excluded trum the two Houses, and, contrary to the express provi sions of thatinstrument, were denied partici tion in the recent election for a President ana Vice President of the United States. The attempt to place the white population under the domination of persons of color in the South has impaired, if not destroyed. the kind- ly relations that had previously existed be- tween them; and mutual disirest has engen- dered a feeling of animosity which, leading in some imstances to collision and bloodshed, has prevented that co-operation between the two Faces so essential to the snceess of industrial enterprises im the Southern States, Nor have the inhabitants of those S.ates alone suifered from the disturbed condition of aifairs growing out of these Congresstonal enactments. The entire Union has been agitated by grave ap- prebensions of troubles which might agtin in- volve the peace of the nation; its interests have been ip ly affected by the derangement of business and labor. and#he consequent want of prosperity throughout that poruon of the country. The Federal Constitation—the magna ¢ of American mgbts, under whose wise aud seiutary provisions we have saceesstuliy cou- du fs ed all our comestic and oecome & earth—me suredly be now ad se.tlement of questions growing out of the civil war waged alone for its vindication, Ti great fact ts made most manifest by the condi- 10n of the ry when Congress assemb) se the month of Deceniber, vil strife had ceased: the spirit of rev-liion had spent tts ertire foree; in the Southern States the people bad warmed imto national life, aud surougacut the Whole country & healthy reaction in puo- he sentument bad taken pls By the appli flective provisions Constitasion, Executive De- with the voluntary aid of the brought the work of re-toratioa ns tion aS Was Within the scope of its d the nation was eucourased by of an early difficall ey btervened, aud, reiasing to perfect the Work £0 hearty comsummated, declined to ad- mit members from the aurepresented Stures adopted a series of measures which arre the progress of Testoration, frustrated all t yute to the cauom of the simple yet ot the bad bee so Suceessfully ‘accompli-hed, aul, fier three years of agitation and strife, Bas ieft the country farther from the attainment of uuicn aud fraternal feeling than at the incep- tion of Congressional plau of recoustruction, It needs no argument to show that legislation which has produced such baneful cousequen- ces should be abrogated, or elec made to cou- form to the genuine principles of repubiican government. Under the influence of party passion and sectional prejudice other acts have sed not warranted by the has alrendy been made respecting the “tenure of offic ence bas proved that its repeal as demanded by « best iuterests of the country, and that while sin force the President cannot exjom id accountability of public officers so ential to an bonest aud efficient execution of the laws. Its revocation would enable the Executive Department to exercise th power of appomtment aud removal in accordance with the orngiual design of the Federal Constitution. ‘The act of March 2, 1*67,making appropria- ticns for the support of the army for the year ending June 30, Is6s, and for other purposes, contains provisions which interfere with the President's constitutional functions 4s com- mander-in-chief of the srmy, and deny to States of the Union the right to protect them- selves by means of their own militia. These provisions should be at once annulled; for while the first might, In times of great emerg- epcy, seriously embarrass the Ex-cutive in efforts to employ and direct the common streugth of the nation for its protection and preservation, the other is contrary to the ex- press declaration jof the Coustitation, that “well-regulated militia being necessary to the secarity of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.”’ It ix believed that the repeal of ail such laws would be accepted by the American People as atleast a partial return to the tundamental principles of the Government, and an indica- tion tbat hereafter the Constitution is to be made the nation’s safe Aad unerring guide. They can be productive of no ben- efit to the country, and should not be permit. ted to stand as so many monuments of the de- ficient wisdom which has cha:ucterized our recent legisiatiol ‘The condition of our finances demands the early and earnest consideration of Congres: Compared with the growth of our population, the public expenditures have reached an ‘amount unprecedented im our 3 The ulation of the United States in 1790 ‘was nearly four millions of peopie. Increasiag each decade about thirty-three per cent., it reached im [$60 thirty-one millions—an increase of seven hundred per cent. on the population of 1790. In 1569 it is estimated that it will reach thirty-eight millions, or am increase of eight hundred and sixty-eight per cent. in seventy- ‘The annual expenditures of the Federal Goy- ernment im 1791 were four million two ban- dred eet See SS ee ae assud dollars; in 1550, hon two bun acer or im 1565, thirteen handred mil- ions: and im 1569 It is estimated by the Secre. tary of the Treasury, in Bis last annual re- port, that they will be three hundred and sey- wo millions. the public disbursements of seen soecuaena, wb those of 179i, i will the vecinuing of theGovernment mas been the eight hosonee ix hundred and eighteen per xperi- centam, while the incsease of the population for the same period was only it Randred and sixty-eight per centa: : the ex. penees of the Government in 1: the year of peace Immediately ime the war, were only sixty-three millions; wile in 1569, the year of peace three yearsafter the war, it is estimated they will be three bundred and seventy-two millions—am increase of tour Dundred and eighty-nine per coutum, while the increase of popalatios wasonly t ty. one per centum for the same period ‘These statistics further show that in 179i the anpual pational ex; com) with the population, were more ‘one dollar per capita, and in 1960 but two dollars per capita: while in 1869 they will reach the ex- travagant sum of nine dollars and seventy- oe conte 9S ina thas all these statements wi refer to and exhibit the disbursements of peace Mine ckpenditares of the three "war compare the ¢ jods—the war with Great Britain, the exican Ww: ae oer bmg Ibi the annual expenses incident — ‘of 1812 reached their highest amount— about thirty miltions; while oar popniation slightiy exceeded etyht milltous, showing aa expendiiure ef only ihrer d cess per expita. In 18i7 th ? gTo-viug out of tie war with Mexico reached and the population ahont Riving only two do pits yor the war expen 855 the expenditures called for by the rebelliou reached the vast ammoant ot twelve hundred and ninety millions, which, compared With & population of thirty -fou Y-eight duilars aud twecty | et capita, be Touch day of Mareh, 169, ty the | thirtieth of Jany. i801, the entire expendi. tures o Goveroment were seventeen bow. dred millions of doiars. During tuat p we were er gaged in wars wilt sri 4 Mexico, and were tovolved « t With powertul Inisu tribes; Lomisinua was | purehared irom Frave * tecu milhic dollsrs; Florida was ve led to us by Spain for five mii: Jitorni® was ac- quired from Mexico for fiftean ruiiion- the Territory of New Mextco 09 from Texas for the sui ot ten muill.oas. in I-61 the war of the redeilioa .9.0m. and ‘rom the first of J uiyot that y+ arto ta of Jnne, I-65, the public expeud? are: the enormous aggregate of thirty-three haadred millions. Three years of peace have inter- Vened, and duri, t tome the dis! ments of the Government haye sncves been five hundred and twenty millions, hundred aud ninety-toree milli o these amounts tare hundred y two millions, fer the fiscal year enaing the Sith of June, i we obtain a total expenditure of sixteen | hundred millions of doliars during the four years immediately succeeding the © iy 3 much as was expended duria eeventy-'wo years that preceded the rebeilion, and embraced the ex!raordinary expead:tures Already named These startling facts clearly illustrate the of rewencbment in vice. Abus during! war for th don will po be en that profound p from internal revenues ing the past three yeurszra and the continuager of us will involve sor el imevitabie au increase ready loo onerous, and im mauy re- oxious on account of their inqgaisi- aracter. Que hundred millions aa- uded for the military force, a portion of which is employed im the execution of laws both an. necessary and une ional; one handred and fifty millions are required’ each year to pay the interest on the public de! army of tax-gatherers impoverishes the nation; and public agents, placed by Congress heyond the control of the Executive, atvert from their legitimate purp large sums of moaey which they collect from the peonle in the name of te Government. Judicious legislation and prudeut economy cin slone remedy defects and avert evils which, if saffered to exist, cannot fail to diminish confldence in the public coua- cils, and Weaken the attachment and respect ofthe people towards their political instca- tions. Without proper care the small by: which itis estimated will remain in the Treas. ury at the close of the present fiseal year not be realized,and additional millions be a0 to a debt which is now euumersted by billions. It is shown, by the able aud comprehen report of the Secretary of the Trensury, the receipts for the fiscal year endiag Tu: 108, Were $465,63-,0s3, fares for the same fea ving in the Trexsury a surplusot &: It is estimated that the re: ng Ju + Oxpenditnre: Asmat buance of 4.2 a aad vetimated as necessary | pul stoms have,dur- ally diminished, gant expensliture bankruy 7, showing ys fayor of the Goverument. For the fiseal year ending June, 18/0, itvs estimated that tae rece ht to S127.000060, and theex. pendit sarplas SG OMdA, Leaving au estimaled Of 824,000) AH ope! Ay becomes make ues this connection, to 2 brief rete ur public indebied. wv bich bas accu “4 with such alarm. Tapidity aod assumed such colossul pro- ”, when the Governmen operations under the Federal Con ned ebtedness of seven y- ated during ibe war ‘This amount bad been re- o forty-five millions of d var wes dechired agaist ¢ rican, struggle that followed Largely | wal obligatvus, and he sum of one Hundred aud (wenly-seven millions. Vise and ecomemical lesilation, however, enabled the Goverument to pay the euture amouni within « period of ¢ y years, aud lue extinguishment of the national debt filled the Jand with rejowing, acd was one of tie great events of President Jacksor’s adminis- trition, Alter ils reiempuion a large iuud re- satined in the Treasury, which was depostied jor safe-keeping with the several son five millions of dollars, ¢ ofthe Revolution. aveed i= they bad attamed cond.tion that it should be returned when Te. quired b int the peblic wan 9—the year muinittion of an ive war with ourselves involved in a and this was the overninent im 1-6), just prior to the outbreak of the rebellion. Iu the spring of i$61 our civil war commenced. Exch year of its cortinuauce made an enormons ad- m to the debt; and when, in the spring of 35, the nation successitiliy emerged trom the cor tick, the obligations of the Government had reached ihe immense sum of $2 TheSecretary of the Treasury shows ¢ the Ist day of November, i-6°, this amount had been reduced to $2,491,504,450; but at the same tame hus repoit e: increase during the past year of & ; for the debt on the ist day of N last'is stated to have been 2 Itis estimated by the Secretary e returns for the past mouth will add co ovr liabilities the further sqin of eleven mil- Hons making @ total increase during thirteen months of irty-six and a balf millions. In my message to Congress of December 4, 1405, 1t Was suggested thata policy should be devised, which without being oppressive to the people, would at once begin to eifect a reduc- len of the debt, and, if persisted in, discharge it fully within a definite num: ber of years. The Secretary of the Treasu: forcibly recommends legisiation of this cuar- Beter, and justly urges that the longer itis de- ferred the more difficult must become its ac- complishment. We should follow the wise precedents esiavlished m 1759 and isi6, and ‘without turther ceiay make provision for the payment of ovr obligations at as early a period ag may be practicable. The fruits of their Ia- bors should be «n joyed by our citizens, rather than used to build up and sustain moneyed monopolies iu our own and other lands. Our foreign debt is already computed by the Secre- tary of the Treasury at elght hundred and fifty millions: citizens of toretgn countries re- ceive interest upon o large portion of our recurifies, and American tax-payers are made to contribute large sums for their support. ‘The idea that such a debt is to become perma- nent should be at all times discarded, as Yolving taxation too heavy to be berne, and payment once in every sixteen years, at the present rate of interest, of an amount equal to the original sum. This vast debt, if permitted to become permanent and increasing, must eventually be gathered into the hai fa few, and enable them to exert a dangerous andcon- trolling power in the affairs of the (sovern- ment. ‘Ene borrowers would become servants to the lenders—the lenders the masters of the pee We now pride ourselves wing given freedom to four millions of the colored race; it will then be our shame that forty’ millions of people, by their own toleration of rpation and profligacy, have suffered themselves to become enslaved, and Coating iy temper slave-owners for new taskmakers in the shape of bondhold- ersand tax-gatherers. Besides,permanent debts pertain to monarchical governments, and, tend- 1DE to Monopolies, uities, and class legis- lation, are totally irreconcilable with free m- stitutions, Introduced into our republican system, they would gradually but surely sap ts foundations, eventually subvert our gov- erpmental fabric, and erect upon its ruins a moneyed aristocracy. It is our sacred duty to transmit unimpaired to our posterity the biess- ings of liberty which were to ws yy the fouuders of the Republic, and by our example teach those who are to follow us care. fully to avoid the dangers which threaten a tree and independent people. Various plaps bave been for the payment of the public debt. they may bave varied as to the time aud mode in ch it should hacopengeogy og magne oo on ae a general concurrence as Propriety feptaaes of a reduction in the Tate of ier ‘The Secretary of the jury in his Fecommends five per cent; in ment on the z7th on four and four and a many three per cent. Feseedmers P as of the existing ra:s of interest an inquiry m the public mind Tespecting the consideration which the Gov- ernment bas actually received for its bonds, and the conclusion is becoming prevalent that the smount which it obtained was im real money ached | p tree or tour hundred percent, less than the obligations which it issued im return. It can. not be demed that we are paying au exiraya- gent per centage for the use of the money bor- Towed, which was paper currency, greatly depreciated below the value ef coin. This fact 18 Made appareat when We consider that bond- holders receive from the Treasury, apon eact dollar they own inoverument seeutities, six per cent. In gold, which is nearly or quite equal to mine per cent, in currency; that the bends are then converted into capital for ¢ PALONAl Danks, Upon which those tustitn ioste tien, Dears six cent that they from taxa by the Goverumeat a 4 ther-by enh: ol the holders. per cen dollar by n that nquiry her our boad of the larse proflis which onic themselves be averse btedners upon te just to the national but in an tek of thy peo. the bolde be fur fers, iD have en seiteme vi me nation, Our opserved ors we should bes provision fo get what ple. It a of our secur ready received upon their bonds a larger amvaut than 1 origmal investment, measure’ by a gold standard. Upoa thie s'atement of facts it would seem but just and eqaranie thu the Six per cent. incerest now paid by ite Govera- ment he uld be applied to ie redae'ton of tas principal in sem’-tnnual instalments, which ip sixteen. years and eight mon'hs would hijat dite the entire navoaal debt. Six per cent. in gold Would at pres-nt rates be -qual to per cent, in currency, and equivaient to payment of the debt oue aud a half ume fraction less than seventeen sears. This connection with ail the other advantages de. Tived irom their investmeot, would aitord to ibe public ereditors a tatr and fiberal compen. se ion for the use of their capi'ut. and wih this they should be satisfied he Ies-vas of the past AGmoni-& the lender chat it is Bot well to be over-soxious ie exacteg trom the borrower rigid compitauce with the letter of the bond, It provision be made tor the payment of the indebtedness of the Government in tae manuer suggested, our nation will rapidly Tecover its wonted prosperity. Its interests require that some measure should pe taken toj release the large amount of capital invested ia the ties of theGovernment. Lt is pot now unproductive, bat in iaxation annaal Sumes S150,40040, which would oiberwise be used by our enterprising people in adding to the wealth ofthe natiou. Our commerce, which at one time successfully rivalled that of the great maritime Powers, has ripidly dimiu- ished, Aud our industrial inter re ina de- pressed and languishing condition. Tae development of our inexhaustible resources is checked, and ihe fertile telds of the South are becoming waste for want of means athe. With the release of capital, new would be infused into the paralyzed ener- of our people, and activity and vigor im- parted to every branch of industry. peo. ple need encouragement in ore cover trom the effects of the rebellion aad of iDjudicious iegisiation: and it should be the aim of the Government to stimulate them by the prospect of an early release from the bar- dens which impede their prosperity. [t we jot take the burde from their suoulders, we should at least mamitest a willingu help to vex them In referring to the condit ting medium, I shal that portion o} yhich reluies to that subj The proportion which the country should bear to the wh annual produce circulated by its mean 1 political #e ono) it be controiled by but must belett to the irrey ywhere regulate co: Foulating median y flow to those S Wagre it is The taw of demand and sup that which reguiates t ebellion the hank. i ouniry amounted to net much more » hancred millions of dollars: now cirentation of National Burk notes and those known as tenders’ pearly sevea hundred milhons. While it ts urged by seme (hat this atnoant should b+ imc Teased, Ooh contend that a decided reduy en is «f the countr opmicns, it eof y Sse UAL to the bes la inter. diverse view e "us inqui m and silver could be purcuased by burdred millious of paper money now ia cite culation! Probably not more than half of the amount of the {atter—showiag that when our T currency is compared with gold commercial value 13 com. dinto th-ee hundred and fifty millions. striking fact makes it the obvious duty of the Government arly &s may be cousisient with the pri f sound political economy, to take such mea-ures as will enable the holder: notes and thos» of the Nationat Banks to convert them, without loss, into specie or its wivalent. Areduction of our paper cireu- ng medium need pot neeessarily follow. ‘This, however, would depend upon the law of demand and supply, thowgh it should be borne im mind that by making Irgal-tender and bank notes convertible into coin or its equivalent, their present specie value in the hauds of their holders would be enbanced one huudred per cent. ‘Legislation for the accomplishment of a re- sult to desirable is demanded by the highest public considerations. The Constitution con- templates that the circulating medium of the country shall be uniform in quality and value, At the time of the formation of that inst@iment, the country had just emerged from the Wat of the Revolution, and was suffering from the effects of a redundant and worthless paper cur- rency. The sages of that period were anxious to protect their posterity trom thee vils which they themselves bad experienced. Hence, in pro- viding @ circulating medium, they conferred npon Congress the power to coin mouey and regulate the value thereof, at the same time prohibiting the States from making anythi but gold and silver a tender in payment o debts. ‘The anomalous condition of our currency is in striking contrast with that which was ori- gipaily designed. Our circulation now em- braces, first, notes of the National Banks, which are made receivable for all dues to the Goverument, excluding imposts, and by all its creditors, excepting im payment of interest upon its bonds and the securities themselves ; second, uder notes, issued by the United States, which the law requires shall be re- ceived as well in payment of all debts between citizens as of all Government dues, excepting imposts ; and, third, gold and silver coin. By the operation of our present system of finance, however, the metallic currency, when collected: is reserved only for one class of Government creditors, who, holding its bonds, semi-an- ually receive their interest in coin from the National Treasury. There is no reason which will be accepted as satis! by the le, why those wh. defend us on the iand and protect us on sea; the pensioner upon the gratitude of the nation, bearing (he sears and wounds received while 1 its service; the public servants in the ‘various ents of the Government; the farmer whe supplies the soldiers ot the army and the sailors of the navy; the artisan who tolls in the nation’s workshops, or the me- chanies and taborers who build its edifices aud construct its forts and vessels of war—should, in payment of their yust and hard-earned dues, Teewive depreciated paper, while another class of their countrymen, no more deserving, are paid in coin of gold and silver. Equal and ex. Act justice requires that all the creditors of the Government should be paid im a currency porsersing a uniform value. TBis can only be accomplished by the restoration of the cur- Tenry to Tne standard established by the Con- sutudon; end by this means we would re. move a diccrimination whicR may, if it hos not alrendy done so, create & dice that way become deep-rovied and and iuperi! the national credit. ‘he feasibility of making our curreacy cor. respond with the constitational standard may De teem by reference to @ few facts derived trow 1 statistics riod, th - of 8] pe Bevo) $741,000.00. This shows an excess of p' over net of £493,0(0,000, ‘There are ia the Treasury g103,. 407,85 an coin ; in circulation 1 tre States on the Pacific coast about $40,000,000, and a few millions in the Nationa) and other Banke—in all less than $1€0.000,000. Taking into consid. eration the in the country prior to 1549, and that proauced since 1°37,and we have more than $30,010.U0) Dot accounted for by ex- portation or by the retarns ol the Treasury, and therefore most probably remaining in the country. These are important ft completely the tuferior curren > the better, forcing it trom circulation and show how aaong Mere articie of trade, to add ‘al of foreign lands Te ty of retirmgour paper urn of gold and silver to + trade may be in and ademand which will canse the Tetention ar home least so much Of the productions of and inexbaustple gola-bes eles be to the money siran now igned for th aud specimens of the precious ring the uational de- exctied by 4 paper is to be « Li depreciate permanent curren. wr eoin is to t snd speeulation, to of ail the peop our min care and shinents, and let exported in bullion + when the Goy- should be re Ltosuchestat PIr cious metais be ume has come, howev ernment and National Bu quired to take the most effi ments. 4 1 inaug' and banks, and the vs lation would directly a tandard. pecie payments haying been 1 tand banks, all nows y either of a Ivss denot y dollars should by law be rxciu from circulation, so that the people may bave the benefit and con vemtence of a guid aud silver currency which iu all their business (rans- setions Will be uniform im value at home and abroad. +ry man of property or industry, every man who desires to preserve what he hone possesses, OF 10 00 a honestly rarn, bas a direct interest im maintaining a safe circulating medivm—suct a medium as sbali be real aud substantial, not iiable tw vibrate with opinions, not subject to be blown up or blown down by the breath of spectlation. but to be made stable and secure. A disodered currency is one Of the greatest political evils It undermines the virtaes nece-sary for the support of the socis! system, and etcourages propensities destructive of its nappiuess: it wars Against industry, frugality, aud econ. omy, and it fosters the evil spirits of extrava- geice and speculation. Ithas beer asserted by ope of our profound and most gifted states- that “of all the contrivances for cheating aboring classes ot mankind, none has been more effectual than that which deludes tem with paper money. This is the mos! clual of inventions to fertilize the rich man’s firlis by the sweat of the poor man’s brow. Ordi- Lary tyranny, oppression, excessive taxation these bear lightly on the happiness of the mass overnment uper einen. ea specie z of the community compared with a frandulent currency, and the robberies com- mitted by depreciated paper. Our own tory has recorded for our instruction exonsh, and more than enough, of the demorali ang tendency, the injustice, aud the intolerable op- pression on the virtuous and well-disposed of a degraded p or in any Wi It is one of tim sions or of all the pre- cious metals from the,g reat mass of ihe people into the hands of the few, where they are hoarded in Places or deposited under bolts and bars, while the people are ieft to #1 a 1 the inconvenienes, #4 morulivation resulting from the us ited and worthless paper. T cretary of the Luterios valuable information ia sts confided to the suy. ion nd reviews the operntions Pension Otlice, Patent O:fi 1 Burean, S During the fiscal year ending June 30, 156°, six million six hundted and fifty-five thousand seven hupdred acres of public land were dis- . The eutire cash receipts of the Gen- aud Oifice for’ the same period were 45, being greater by $254,853 than the zed from the same sources during previous year, The entries ander the homestead law cover two million three hun. dred and twenty-eight thousand nine bundred and twenty-three acres, nearly oue-fourth ot which wis taken under the ‘act of June 2 i-(6, Which applies only to the Statesot Ala: ana, Mississippi, Louisiaua, Arkansas, and rida. 1m tbe 2th of June, 1°63, one hundred aud uthonized by law dby Government.’ al devices, in ot depre. | sixty-nine thousand Six Bundred and qorty~ three numes were borae on the peu and during the year ending om 1 tctal amount paid for pensions, inc expenses of disbursement, was being § like purposes during the preceding year. During the year ending the 30th of Septem- ber last, Me eXpenses of (he Patent Oilice ex- veedeu the receipts by one bunured aud sevea- ty-one dollars: and, incsuding reissues and de- Signs, fourteen thonsand one Ruadred and tifty- three patents were issued. ‘Treaties with various In been concluded, and w: Senate for its constitutional nction. I cordial- ly sanction the st tions which provide for Teserving lands tor the various tribes, where they muy be encouraged to abandon their nomadic babits and engage in agricultural snd industnal pursuits. This policy, inaugu- Tuled many years since, bas met with signal Success, whenever it las been pursued in good faith and with becoming liberality by the United States, The necessity for extending it as far as practicable ir our relations with the aboriginal population 15 greater now than a Any preceding period. Whilst we farnisn sub- sistence and instruction to the Lndiaus, and guarantee the undisturbed enjoyment of their treaty-rights, we should babituatly tnsist upon the faithful observance of their axreement to remain within their respective reservations This is the only mode by whieh collisions with other tribes and with the whites can be avon. ed, and the safety of our frontier settlements secured, ‘The companies constructing the railway from Omaba to Sacramento have beenmost energe t- ically engaged in prosecuting the work, and it is believed that the line will be completed be- tore the expiration of the next fiseal year. The £ix per cent. bonds issued to these companies amounted, on the 5th instant, to $44,357.00, and additional work Bad been performed to the ex- tent of $3,200,060, The Secretary of the Interior in Angust Iast invited my attention to the report of a Govern- ment director of the Union Pacific Railroad Company, who had been specially instructed to examine the location, construction, and equipment of their road. I submitted for the epinion of the Attorney General certain ¢ues- tons in regard to the autbority of the Execu- tive which arose upon this report, and those which had from time to time been presented b: the commissioners appointed to inspect each successive section of the work. After care. fully considering the law of che case, he af. firmed the right of the Executive to order, ii Lecessary, & thoroagh revision of the eatire round. Commissioners were thereuy pointed to examine this and other es, ANG have recently submitted a statement of their investigations, of which the report of the Sec- retary of the Interior turnishes specific infur- mation. ‘The report of the Secretary ot War con- tains information of interest and importance Tespecting the several Bureausjof the War De- ariment and the operstions of the army. ‘bt strength of our miiitary force, om the uih oft September last, was forty-eight thousand men, and it is computed that, by the first of Javuary nex', this number will be to ‘or y-three thoueard. It is the opinion of the Sccretery of War that withim the next year a cousiderable diminntion of the infantry jorce may be made without detriment to the interests of the country; and in view of the grevt expense st'ending the military peace es- tablisbment, and the absolate necessity of re- trenebment wherever t' can be applied. it m= Roped thar Congress wil! sanction the reduc- ‘Mon which Bis teport recommends. While iu 1e60 eixteem thousand three hundred Cost the vation $16,472,900, the sum of B65.082.- $200,982, 025 greater (had that expended for in tribes have i be submitted to the Oo is esimaied a8 necessary for the sup) of the army during the fiscal year endin; Jone 30, 1870. ‘The evtimates of theWar jt for the last two fiscal y-are were, for 1567, $35 814.461, and for 1865, §25.205,009. ‘Phe ac- po kh (end during inn ome Periods » Teapec’ 9 BE52244 $123,46,548. bY estimace submitied in December last for fiscal year ending — was $77, endirg the of September last, 2 mip and the Secretary of tne Treasury gives $95,00,000 8 the amou: ich will probably be required during the remaiuing three quar. tery, if there ehcaid be no reduction of the army—makiog i's ageregate cost for the yeur coneiderably in excess of nivety-three til, lions. The difference between ihe estimates and expenditures for the three years cept when produced | ill say ersade | And causing it to be exported asa | no Star. N&. 4,915. Which Bave been named ts thas scown $175,545.34 for tis single branchof the pudli service.” The report of the Se retary of the Navy ¢ hibits the operations of that Depar aud y during the year. A consideranie he force bas been effected There ty-tWo Vessels. carrying four bundrea ard eleven cuns, in the six os wh. are establistied Three of these Vrned stat leaving the a di arts of els are returi i fonrare used as cruising force new he North P Teornt @ a is advise ita andin se by Bay ee pensic be avails of ‘prizes c Huts to S100. ia Su the fund 7 tary, as of six per cert. which ipulated when FYestment Was rm nément of the pension 1a remedy ments. during th the estimates for the comia he Postmaster General's 4 full and clear exhibit of the opers conditions of the postal service. fh» Postil revenue for the flscal year en he NGS, We 500, auzacl ‘thy Faciwg all the service for whi special appropriations have been taade by Gon- gies, amounted to $22.20.5. showing an ex- cess of expenditures of = f from the expenditures ine sam the “unownt of appropriations sbip and other specs] servi expruditeres was $i.541465. ‘By using an uueapended basance in (be Treasary of the netual sum for which a spe the deti a pr aken aned ginaily te. An an re; ney d this nTe Over revenue were Testoration of service iu tb argent States, and the putting into operation of we new service esiablisbed by acts of Co which amounted, within the last nnd a balf, to about 4S 700 miles equal to m than one-third of the whole amount of service at the close of the war. w postal conventions wih Great Britain, jorth Germany, Belgium, the Neth lands, Switverland, and Ltaly. respectively, have been carried into effet. Uader their pro- visions 1 poruimt improvements have resulted reduced r: ul postage, aud en'arged m: swith Europea coun- tries, The const of the United States traus- Atlantic ocean rani service since January 1 1-08, bas been largely lessened under the op. eraticn of there mew con reduction ot over on do under the new ship serv year in our intercourse #, Greece, Turkey, Persia, ecco, Tripoli, Tunis, and Madagascar . has been cknoy tm po 4 uS far been Without result A. Washburn, late United St ter to Paraguay, ha n gdesirons to return to eco, r Admiral commanding tue South a’. Squadron was early dir ad a bellige rents. however, ha: Charles in That the Jan’ ship. guuy, to receive Mr. Washbuiu and bis tunity and remove them frors a which was y faction and an Com iavading forces faced y Va:p" 'o piss throuzh the dl ickadin and that vessel returned to its accus tomed anchorage. Remonstiance baying ben made against this retusal. it er ot issn overruled, and the “Wasp” ‘therefore resumed her errand, received Mr. Wash- | burn and his family, and conveyed them to a safe and convenient seaport, meantime. an excited cou between the President of Paraguay aud the jate Unit: d States Minister, which [tis under. stood grew out of his proceedings in giviug asylum in the United States legation to ail enemies ot that Republic, The q Tight to give asylum ts’ ou and often productive of great em la States well organized and esiabtis: eign Powers refuse either to conc cise that right, except as in th exere to persous actualy belonging to the diplomat On the | ther hand, all such Powers upon exer. cising the right of asylum ates where the jaw of nations is not fully acknowledged, re. spected, and obeyed. The President of Paraguay is understood to bave opposed to Mr. Weshourn’s proceedings the ip,utious apd very improbable charge of Personal ecmpliclty us imsurrection and trea. son. The corresponden . Lowever, bus not yet reached the United Mr. Washbura, in connection with this con- troversy, represents that two United States citizens attached to the leg@tiou were arbitrarily selzed at his side, when leaving the capital of Paraguay, committed to prison, and there sub Jected to torture ior the purpose of procuring confesst. nx of their owa crimmality, and tess mony to support the President's allegations against the Unied States Minister. Mr. Mc. Mabon, the newly a pointed Minister to Paraguay heving reached the La Plata, has been teatrncted te {Broceed without delay, to Asuncion, there to investigate the whole subject. The Rear Admiral coi United States Souta Atlantic S. adie kes been directed to attend the new Minister with 8 preper naval force to sustain such jast de- mands as the occasion may reguire, and to vindicate the rights of the United States citi- zens rcterred to, and of any others who may be expcsed to danger in the theatrs ef war. ‘With these exceptions, friendiy relations have been maintuined between the United States and Brazil and Paraguay. Our relations during the year with Bo. liv a, Ecuador, Peru, ana Chile, have become especially friendly and cordial. Spain and the Republics of Peru, Bolivia, and Ecaador haye uth Pacific not fimally declared wu mean ame the ee iwelf, since no t or hostile move- ment has been made by either party during the last two years, and there are no indications of & present purpose to resume hostilities on eitber side. Great Britain aud France haye seconded our Proposition of medi- forego the may soon be accepted by all the ligerents, and lead to @secure establish. ment of peace and friendly relations between, Congress, a correspondence hows that the Bot tvian Kepi ened ihe ex reme! or ceiving into ats cl Unit are extreme destitution prodaced devastating tnundations. Er: Oar relations with Mexico during the year bave been marked by an increasing grewtn of mutual confideace. Toe Mexican Goverament ‘bas not yet acted upon the three treaties cele. ‘own, in behalf of its inhabitants, who sidering -warto Asuncion, the capital of Pura. | Was promptly | versy Lad arisen | © | The brated bere inst snmmer for establiching the ets of paturaliand citizecs Upon a iiserad 2DG yust bast. for regulating consolar ps we: F the adyestinent of mutual claims Al. commerctal panons, as wel 1 Tepublican thinttoms. Rave Trego local dis AT Ms some of the com Dot a skip can owe TOUS Ot Darien, wader the os of Sian | hope to be adle the results of tar ner ation to che GOring tte presen on, fe seTy Liberal inary which was #niered into lest Year by The | States wed Nicara- F nt rk ol Conrress t Havnand ry aod paint bh has bee eistand of S except t © Rico, has unions, The how. we sinvery, Cuba whicn may trom jonial €u dependence >y 90 I wan Mona were. Wile the Untied Somes wave, occostoms, professed & decided wawiling hat any part of COMuBeNRt OF of its a cent islands sball be made a theatre fora. -(abii-binent of monarchtcal power, bas been done olber band + publicen iosututions for themselves. it Ger a question of grave considera’ion whe OUF Tecent aud present example is not cat ed to cheek the growth and expausion of principles, and make those munities dis irust, M pot dread, @ goveroment which at will eeighs lormtltary domination States tmat are ral parts of oar Federal Union. Teady to resist any us to extend to this rebic ututious of Europe, large ot har “d Powers, any Known to civil: ‘The acc view of extending nati Tepublican principles an i pbie, Believing that a Taken in the same direc ition of Alaska wa at jn and Ay urther step on, 1 1 into a treaty with the King of purcbase of the t*lands of Sc Jobu,on the best terms ther with tbe express consen! of the people of those islands. Tis Geaty still remains under con- sideration in thi ate. A new convention bas been entered into with Denmark, enlarging the time fixed for finai ratificauon of the original treaiy Comprehensive nauional policy would ser to sanction the sition aad iucorp into our Federal Union of the sew conupental and insular commun: sly as it can be done peacefully, | ‘without any viclation or ber Foreign p thos communities Bas he growth and impaired the influence of the Vaited States. Chronic revolution and anare chy sere would be equally tmjarious Eacn one of them, when firmly establicaed as an et control of hindered the mdependent’ republic, or when in- rporied ito the United would be A new source of streng power. Conformmg my these principh tes the b rest= upon ns of adapting OUF legtsintive action to the new circimsta of a decline of European monarchert! p> and influence, and the incrense of Av republican idens. interests, 4) cannot be tongt sary fur this Gow pub island 4 Domingo, and ps deinng them eelves more distis:. ty Cevolure in ae isinud of Cuba. Th 1 to ww etderation te stu Ati=tted | worn even = tom for an annex tes of the islond of S sive iuteresied, ba! would aware -rextendin rapidly mins w eTec man inciples ot f ur Constitution, if wd cated OU!, wo ngth and breadth to comprehend within their sphere and influeuce the civil- ized nation i the world. The attention of the Senate and of Congress | is again respectfully invited to the ireaty for the establishment yenr, and alread: Attitude © these isiands isn which they ratified by that Goverument, the Uatted States towards y ditierent from that in stand towards the West Indies. It | is knows and felt by the Hawaiian Gowera- ment and people that their Government and | sastitutions are feeble aud precarious; tat | the United Si being £0 near a meighhor, | Would be unwilling to see the isiands | pass under foreign comtrol. Their prosperity sconunually disturbed by expectations and | alarms of unirieadiy pobtical proceedings, Weil from the Unita Peed Powers. A 1, could not materr=.2 treaty, while ic reg uish the Tevenues of the United States. id be & cuarAnty of the good will and tot ce ot all uations until the people of we spits shall of remselves, at no uistant dey, voTiBtartiy apply for acmis- sion mito the Union. |, The Emperor of Russia has acceded to the treacy Degotlated Mere in Jaugary iust fer co | secnristy Of traae-marks iu the uiteres: of man- atacturers and commerce. J have imvited hig Attention to the importauce of establishing, Bow while it seems eSsy and practicanle, a tar sores aot Tegulation of the vast fisheries jonging 10 che two wations in the waters ‘the North Pacific ocean - ‘The two treaties between the Tited States ‘and Italy for the of couswiar powers and the extradition of criminals, negotiated and ratified here during the last session of Congress, have been accepted and confirmed by Italian Government. A liberal con. sular convention which lias been negotiated with Seigium will be submitted to the Senste. The very important treaties which were negotua’ between the United States and North (iermany and Ba- varia, for the regulation of ‘the rights of aturalized citizens, have been duly ratified ind exchanged, and similar treaties have been entered into with the Kingdoms of Belgiam and Wartem! And with the Grand Dachies of Baden and Darmstadt. I hope soon to beable to submit equally cone ventions of the same character now in the course of negotiation with the respective Gov- = of Spain, Iuwty, and the Utoman the two i i i i z g i ii Ht : i japan theatre a ote by religious incideuts aud polttient uliar to that long-iso)ated utive Bas hitherto maintained tmality ainovg the belingerents, and ac i 5 H ?