The Daily Worker Newspaper, February 12, 1935, Page 2

_ of the Nile fot the purpose of ex- - kinedom, ruled by Empéro- Ras Taf- Page : Fascists Run| Headlong Into ® A World War: (Continued from Page 1) By HARRY GANN told in the capitalist press Abyssinia has long been marked for colonial plunder by Great Britain, Francé, Italy and Japan. NOW an agreement has been defi- nitély reached, based pon an- othér secret pact between Britain atid Italy, entered into in 1925, for the slicing tp of Abyssinia. For months now, Italian Fascist tféops in Eritréa, ah Italian colony to the north of Aby. Italian Somaliland, have been encroachin; rr sinian territory. But it was only after | the Romie pact, entered into betwéen | Foreigh Minister Laval of France | and the chief fascist butcher of| 1 ussolini, that major steps were taken “Daily” Published Truth The Daily Worker was the only papef in the United States which published the fact that at the tim France and Italy signed their pact concerning Africa and particularly Abyssinia, S Foreign Minister, s¢ to thesé powérs gi support in their imp sinia t a secret note full demands for greater territorial ag grandizémenit und hé 1915 prom- | i having entered the} last world war on thé side of the al- Héd powers, Italy would be allowed | to seize great stretches of Abys-| sinian land The Rome pact provided so far] as Afriéa was concérned | 1) Italy would have the domi- fant harid in the seizute of Abys- sinia, 2). In order to achieve this end, the French, who control the only railway leading into Abyssinia, from Jibuti on the French Somali coast, granted Italy full right to usé this railroad for the trans- portation. of soldiers and arms against the Abyssinian people. 3) Italy was given 150,000 | square kilometers of territory in Sonth Libya, bordering Egyptian Sudan an the west, where British imperialism wants to extend its | territory inte Abyssinia up to the important Lake Tsana area. (The importance of this step will be explained later). 4 As far back as December, 1925, Britain and Italy entered into a secrét pact for the division of Abvs- sinia. This pact provided (and is still in force) that Italy and Britain “would support each other to secure | for the British the right to build a dam at Lake Tsana, thé source of thé Blue Nile, for the irrigation of the Sudan; and the Italians to build | a failway between Eritréa and Ita-| lian Somalilana.” (World Almanac, 1935, page 637). The British Aim The British aim was to seize Lake Tsana in order to control the waters sh cotton lands in this part of Egypt. The Italians wanted road to connect its Eritrean y with its Somali colony in the Thé _ railway would cut through the heart of Abyssinia and givé Italy colonial domination over all of Abyssinia, Italian conquest of Africa began in 1885. when the Italidn army séizéd Massowa, a port on the Red Séa. But up to now all of the Ifalian colonial holdings have béen unimportant economically because the most valuablé territory was still undef thé indépendent rule of Abys- sinia. Now Italian Fascism has decided to séize the rich, fertilé lands of Abyssinia, its reputed oil, gold and other mineral bearing soil. Mussolini has long been prepar- ing for this war. Troops have been sent to Eritrea for attack on the north of Abyssinia, and shiploads Of soldiers have beén passing through the Red Séa for debarka- tion at Italian Somaliland, with the connivance of thé British and French warships that infest these waters. These troops have been systematically attacking the borders of Abyssinia, créating incident af- ter incident. Pretext for War Now Mussolini is seizing upon thésé pretexts to wage a major wat of conquest against Abyssinia. Abyssinia is an ancient, feudal fari Makkonen, wWhosé power is baséd on lotal princes. The Abys- Sinian péoplé dre statinch fighters, and have repéatedly shown that will battle for theit independence. But they are poofly armed. Many of thém still carry ancient flint-lock rifles. In 1896, when Italy attempted a Major invasion of the North of Abyssinia, the héroie Galla horsé- men, and thé brave troops of Abys- sinia, decisively defeated them and drove them back. Biit at the présent time, Italian Fascism, which has been spending hundreds of miilliohs of dollats for arms, is massing the most modern instruments of wat to subdue the Abyésinian péople. The 6bjéct of Mussolini is to mass | 5 his troops in Eritrea and Somali- land, and by major, modern war stfatégy, with thé use of bombing planes, with the most up-to-date tanks. machiné giins, artillery and poison-gas, to overwhelm the Abys- Sinian ttoops. Furthermore, it is clear, also, that With thé suppott.of the .other im- perialist powers, Mussolini expects fo Havé clear Sailing. His agents havé been working among the Abys- sinian local rulers in order to split them up so that thé country would Hot be able to meet thé war of Fas- Cism if a unified manner. Duting thé vast few years. Jan- anssé impérialism has been also Marétivéring in Abyssinia, offering the Abyssinian Negro people an al- Naticé, under the pretext that the coloréd itpeérialist power woiild be @ lésser evil than the white impe- Tialists. Some headway was made. Brit it is now also clear, that on thé midjor quéstion of the Japanese John Simon, British | ' | resistance to the lessened their attempts to gain a foothold in Abyssi: in ret for ave resulted Abyssinia is being invaded, and all Italy is being mobilized for war. British imperialism is offering German Fascism a new series of alliances, whose main aim is to break the Franco-Soviet alliance, and to mobilize the European capitalists to support Japanese imperialism in its war plans in Manchuria, in the Morigolian Peoples’ Republic and in Siberia. Hitler sent his agént Goering to Poland in order to bolster up the anti-Soviet wat front in that country. Towards the end of last year, | the Scandinavian countries held a eohference over the Aland Is- lands, a war base if fhe Baltic aimed at the Soviet Union. This conference was engineeréa@ by the British im order to tighten up evéry avenue for war against the US.S.R. Mussolini's the war aga actions nst Al in speeding yssinia on so gigantic a scale will have the ef- fect of accelerating all of the war moves the worl major imper and primarily for the ly maturing drive against the Soviet Union, the bulwark of peace, throughout in jand the greatest stumbling block in the road of the imperialist powers ol~ial plunder, Not Isolated The war in Aby an isolated event, was deliberately picked ordér to Tousé the least possible immediate imperialist war not be plans. Forewarned about Mussolini’s war moves, the Cornrhunist Party of Italy, more than two months ago, issied an appeal to the Ita- lian masses against Mussolini's war provocations. It pointed out that Mussolini was slashing wages, increasing taxation, trying by every méans to overcome the crisis of Fascism. The Communist Party of Italy pointed out Mussolini Was preparing to wage wart against Abyssinia in an ef- | fort to block the rising wrath of the Htalian masses. It called upon the Italian soldiers aiid sailors to tur this War inte a civil war, into révolution against Fascism. | It called upon the toiling masses to prevent the shipment of arms and ammunition and of troops to Abyssinia. In thé United States, the Roose- velt regimé is lending its hearty support to the world-wide mane. ers for war against the Soviet Union. Since the major war mo- bilization against Abyssinia may be the flame to set off the whole Eu- ropean powder magazine, it is of the utmost importance to develop in the United States the broadest jand widest campaign against Fas- cism’s war of plunder. | Blow at Negro People Mussolini's war to enslave Abys- sinia is a blow against the Negro people and the toiling massés of the entire world. Mussolini hopes by this war to stréngthen the grip of Fascism -not only in Italy, but to stave off the rising revolutionary struggles against capitalism through- out the world. We must fally the American masses against Mussolini's murder- ous war in Abyssinia. Every Italian consulate in the United States must heat thé angry voices of the Amer- ican toilers, of all anti-fascists, of all_ opposed to war. Stop Mussolini’s war mobilization! Hands off Abyssinia! Support the Abyssinian people in their fight for independence! Fight against the growing world-wide drive to a new war agaimst the colonial peoples! Defend the Soviet Union! that now | DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 1935 Revolutionary Traditions of Lincoln And Civil War Hidden by Capitalists To Lincoln Hailed Today, the country celebfates the anfiiversary of Abraham Lincoln, the President whose namé is bound) up with the Civil War and the fight against chattel slavery. | But in celébrating Lincoln's birth- | day, American capitalism eed ything it can to conceal and tort the fact that the Civil War} \d | was a révolationary war, and that Lincoln, in this war, acted in a revo- luticnary way t6 Solve the crisis that | confronted the country in 1861. The true history of the Civil War and its historic meaning ate hid- den from the Amefican working class by the tons of falsehood which the italists have heaped on these events. ‘The fact is that only the Amer- | licdh working class today can fully | understand the significance of the struggle against chattel slavery in 1861. The workers are the heirs of Lineoin's revolutionary traditions. Only the toilers can earty ottt the néxt historic revolutionary step in this country—the abolition of capi- taliém and the establishment of a} socialist order. | The Civil War received the clasest attention and study from the great revolutionary leaders of the work- ing class, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Revolntionary Traditiéns Later, Lenin made use of their work to bring home to the American workers, in his famous “Letter To The American Workers,” that in the revolutionary traditions of American history the American | workers have powerful weapons for {their own revolutionary strugele: |against capitalism. | Tt is not generally known, for example, that Karl Marx, rally- | ing around him the militant lead- | ers of the English labor move- ment, orgariized a huge mass movement against England’s plan to enter the Ci War as an ally of the South. A great labor mass meeting held in St, James Hall in London actually forced the Brit- ish ruling class to change its mind about intervention against the anti-slave states of the U.S.A. From the very béginning of the Civil War and Lincoln’s struggle against the spread of slavery, Marx and Engels recognized the true his- toric-revolutionary character of the |war—as the fight of the Northern capitalists to wipe out the feudal- slave conditions that were hamper- ing the growth of capitalist produc- tion. With characteristic brilliance and always with the tasks and needs of |the working class in mind, Marx analyzed Lincoln's role and the Civil Wat to show that the Amer- ican working class as well as the Européan working class had to sup- port this fight against chattel slavery only that they might better carry forward the fight against wage slavery, That is; Marx, Engels, and later Lenin, showed the American rs that the Northern capi- '§ would block. the conipleting of thé bourgéois-revolution and then turn all its forces, of course, against the proletarian, working class revo- lution. Historie Letter In the historic letter printed be- low, which Marx wrote to Lincoln in the name of thé International Workingmen’s Association, called the First International today, Marx |Karl Marx’s Letter Action of North | a ABRAHAM LINCOLN . national working class for the fight against slavery, and at the same time showed that to win the “true freédom of labor” the revolution must be carried forward not only against chattel, but against capi- talist wage-slavery. Dual Nature In mahy letters between Marx and Engels, in which are to be found the kéy to an understanding of Lin- coln's bourgéois-revolutionary rolé, Marx always pointed out the dual nature of Lincoln’s révolutionaty fight against slavery. In his letter to Engels of August 7, 1862, Marx predicts that Lincoln, despite all his hesitancy, would “in the end have to use revolutionary methods” against the South. At the same time, Marx mercilessly criticised the hesitating, bourgeois character of Lincoln's aims, writing in his letter to Engels of October 29, 1862: “The fury with which the Southerners have receivéd Lincoln's acts proves their importance. All Lincoln’s acts appear like the mean pettifogging conditions that one law- yer puts to anothér. But this does not alter for mé their historic cor- tent, Of course, like other people, I see the repulsive form the move- ment takes among the Yankees: but I find the explanation of this in the nature of ‘bourgeois’ démoctacy. The events over there aré a wotld upheaval...” Lineoln, for all his role as a réyo- lutionary in fighting the remnants of feudal slavery in this country, nevertheless was a firm believer in the right of capital to exploit labor. In a speech at New Haven in 1860, Lincoln stated quite cleatly: “I do not believe in a war upon capital. pledges the solidarity of the Inter- I don’t believe in a law to prevent a man from getting rich.” That is Why, today, thé Américan working class, with full use of Lin- coln’s révolutionary rolé in history, niust go beyond hit and také fhe road of working ¢lasé révolutioh against capital. Today the Communist Party, fol- lowing Lenin, shows to the Amer- ican working Class that it must take what is revolutionary in the tradi- tions of Ameri¢an history and use these bourgeois-démocratic revolu- tionary traditions to carry forward the far déeper and signifi¢ant tasks of the proletarian revolution, that as Lincoln and the American ¢api- talists solved their class neéds by revolutionary means, so the Amer- ieanh workers today must prépate for the ushering in of a néw_ society by revolutionary means. Marx's létter t6 Lincoln follows: “To Abraham Lincoln, Président of the United States of Amiérica. “Sir:—We congratulaté the Amer- ican people upon your re-électi6n by a large majority. If resistancé to the Slavé Power was the watch- word of your fifst eléction, the triumphal wat-cry of your ré-eléc- tion is Death to Slavery. “From the commiéeneément of the titanic American strife the working- men of Europe felt distinctivély that the Star Spangled Bannér carriéd the destiny of their class. The con- test for the territories which openéd the dire épopeé, was if not to de- cide whethér thé virgin soil of im- meénsé tracts should be weddéd to the labor of thé immigrant or bé prostituted by the tramp of thé slavé-driver? “When an oligarchy of 300,000 slaveholdérs dared to inscribe for the first time in the annals of the world “Slavery” ofi thé banner of % | War Against Slavery Was Step Forward in History atmed révolt, when on. the very spots whére hatdly @ céntury ago the idéa of oné great Demosfati¢ Républic has fitst sprung up, whenes thé fitst déclatation of the Rights of Man was issued, and thé first imptilée given to thé European Revolution of the eightéenth éen- tury, whén on those very spots counter-revolution, with systematic thoroughness, gloried in rescinding ‘the ideas entértainéd at thé time of thé formation of the old ¢ofisti- tution, indeéd, the only sélution of the great problem of the ‘rélation of Capital t6 labor’ and cyniéally proelaimed property in man ‘thé cornerstone of thé new edifice,” — then the working classés of Hutépe understood at once, ever before the fanatic partisanship of the upper Classés, fot the Confédefate gentry fad given its dismal warning, that the slaveholders’ rebellion was to sound the tocsin for a général holy war of property against labor, and that fot thé men of labor, with their hopes for the future, evén their past conquests wére at staké in the tré- meénd6us conflict on thé othet side of the Atlantic. Everywhere they bore therefore patiently the hard- ships imposéd upon them by the cotton crisis, opposed enthusiastic- ally the pro-slavery iritetvéntioh — importunities of their betters—and from most parts of Europe ¢ori- tributed their quota of blood to the good of the catisé. “While the workingmen, the trué Political power of thé North, allowed slavery to defilé their own republié¢, while before the Negro, mastered and sold without his conceurrence, they boasted ih fhe highest pré- rogative of the white-skinned la- borer to séll himsélf and éhdose his Own master, they were whablée to at- tain the true freejom of labor, or to support their European brethen ifi their struggle for effiancipation; but this barrier fo progress has béeéni swept off by thé réd sea of civil war. “The workingmen of Burope felt sure that, as thé American War of Indepénderice initiatéd a néw era of ascéndency for the middle class, so thé Americati Anti-slavéry War will do for the working classes. They considér it an éarneést sign of the epoch to come that it féll to the Jot of Abraham Lineoin, the single- minded son of the working class, to lead his country through miatch- less strugglé for the ressue of the énchainéd racé and the reconsttuc- tion of a social world. “Signéd on behalf of the Inter- national Workingmemi’s Association, the Céntral Council: “Longmaid, Worley, Whitlock, Blackmore, Hartwell, Pidgeon, Luc- raft, Weston, Dell, Nicars, Shaw, Lake, Buckley, Osborn, Howell, Car- ter, Wheeler, Starnsby, Morgan, Grossinith, Dick, Dénioual, Jourdain, Morissot, Léroux, Bordage, Bosqueét, Talandier, Dupont, L. Wolf, Aldro- vandi, Lama, Solustri, Nuspert, Ee- catius, Wolf, Lessnér, Pfarider, Loch- ner, Taub, Balliter, Rypcrynski, Hansen, Schantzenbeck, Smalés, Cornélius, Peterson, Otto, Bagna- atti, Setocri, Géorge Odgers, Presi- dent of the Council; P. V. Lube, Corresponding Secrétary for France; Karl Marx, Corresporiding Secretary for Gérmany; C. P. Fontana, Cor- responding Sectétary for Italy; J. E. Holtorp, Corresponding Secretary for Poland; H. F. Jurig, Cotréspon- ding Secretary for Switzérland; Wil- liam Cremer, Hon. General Secré- tary, 18 Greek Stréet, Soho, Loh- don W.” Vienna Troops Hoist Red F lag (Continued from Page 1) city In thé country. The nervousness of the govern- ment reached a high peak today. The military barracks of Vienna, Graz, Steyr, and other cities are in a constant state of alarm. In the last few davs morte than 2,000 Com- munists and Socialisté were ar- rested in Vienna alone, Leaflets flooding these working class districts added strength to the general sentiment of bitterness and revolt with the courageous message that the two great revolutionary parties of Austria had concluded a united front of action. The demon- strations now taking placé are or- ganized jointly by thé Communist Party, the Revolutionary Socialists, and the Schutzbund. In the 12th district of Vienna, near the India Apartments, two Soviet stars burned bfightly as hundreds of workers demonstrated in the stteéts. Wheré- ever the police disperséd the crowds, they would reform quickly in a nearby square. ‘House Urged To Back 2827 | | | (Continued from Page 1) | tite Workers (A. F. of L.) cofivén- tion “voted in favor of this Bill.” Other witnesses who endorsed the | workers’ bill before the commitee | included: | N. E. Sallie, Negro steel worker |mémber of the A, A., and Setfetaiy \of the McKeesport Central Labor jtepresentativé of thé National Of- fice of the National Exécutive | Workers sick ahd benefit find, an lorganization of 50,000 members; |FrankW. McCiilloch, ¢haitman of thé Chicago workérs committée on unemployment; Proféssor Horace Davis of Bradford, Pa., collége; Mrsy Freda Peafl of the United Councils of Working Class Women; Dr. Réu- bén §. Young, Negro physician of | New York, spokesthén for thé Intet- |Proféssional Association of thé Ma- itérnity Provision 6f thé Bill; Mii- |dred Fairchild, associate Protéssor lat Bryn Mawr Collégé; and Joseph | Yarnaveélli, Local 1733, Dyé?s and |Union, A. F. of L.; William Kade, | Finishérs, U. T. W. F. D. R. Signs Tobacco Code WASHINGTON, D. C., Feb. 11.— Continuing his drivé against labor, President Roosevelt signed the cigarétte, chéwing, snuff and smok- ing tobacco codé, Which provides 25 cénts to 40 certs pét hour, it was announced yesterday. The minimum rate in the cigarette in- dustty is 36 cénts. This was in an- swéer fo the demand of the ufion for scalés rangifig from 45 ééiits upward. | mintmtimn wage scalés ranging from | pa Hearst Now Prepares Open Call for War (Continued from Page 1) By JAMES CASEY national hatred, Hearst wrote in his papers: “It is time for anger—not for le have sent a meagre army inte México té avenge a mighty “Why should or army ¢on- finé itself to & restricted tone whéte it will be neifhier 4 menace to Mexicans nor a pfotection té Américans! “Our army should go forward inité Mexico first, to resene Amer- icats and, secondly, t6 réfeem Mexicans!” Hearst revéaled the whole das- tardly plot of Wall Street impéri- filists by his fellowing statement: - “OUR FLAG SHOULD WAVE OVER MEXICO AS THE SYM- BOL OF THE REHABILITA- TION OF THAT UNHAPPY COUNTRY AND ITS REDEMP- TION TO HUMANITY AND CIVILIZATION.” And as is customary with him, Hearst sought t6 assure the Amer- ican people that he wanted war solély for “théit interests,” so he concluded: “Let our péople advance as they havé alwavs advaticed. undér the banners of progress and enlight- éfitient.” For War on Japan That same month, Hearst called for War with Japan. He said the Japanese were conniving with México against the United States. Hearst gave not one hint to thé Ameétican peoplé of His real réason for wanting war with Japan. Btt the actual fact was that the Ja- panesé monied interests were com- ing into clash with thé Rockefellérs President McKinley's @id likewisé. Wealthy “so- Women followéd suit. The stage was being set for armed con- fiiet. Five days after the Madison Square Garden reception, sponsored by Wall imperialists, the battleship Maine exploded in Ha- yana harbor. War followed. Biack Chapter of Oppression What.an American battleship was doing in a harbor that did not be- long to the United States, the cap- italist press failed to explain to the Amerticah méassés. As @ result of Heatst’s “crusade” of the 1890's, the énslavement and butchéry of the Cubafi péoplé undér Wall Street's despotic rule now covers oné of the Biaékest chaptets In the history of Aménéah imperialism. Thé story of Heafst’s intrigue would not be complete without méntionirig a famous piece of corre- Spotiderice Between thé publisher afid ore of his cartoonists, whom hé Rad sérit to Cuba &s part of his war campaigh. ick -Remington, the - noted carteonist, wifed to Hearst: “Bvery- thing is quiét, There is no trouble heré. Theré will be no war. I wish te return.” Whereupon Héarst replied by wire: “Piéasé remain. “You furnish the pictures and YH furnish the war.” Now Hearst has ordered his édi- tors to spréad lies about the Soviet Union. “You furnish thé lies,” Hearst has told them in effect, “and I'll fartish the war.” (Té Bé Continued) Hearst. mother Giety” Rally Against War! An Editorial (Continued from Page 1) ers—turn out to the mass and othér Amierican capitalists in thé exploitation of China. Today Hearst raises the “Red seate” in his attacks on thé Soviet Union. At that time, Hearst warhed of the “Yellow. Peril,” and said Japan had laid plans to cap- ture thé Philippines. $0 hé wrote to the American people: “We have sét ott Hand t6 the plow—let us fot tatn back witil we have réached thé end of the furrow. We have enlisted for the fight; let us not désert ot desist until thé vietory i# won.” And in & more Open call for War, hé said: “What we conquer, lét a con- serve for the advantage and ad- vancement of mankind.” War on Spain Tt was in provoking war with Spain that Heéarst scoréd his greatest triumph for Wall Stréét. Back in the 1890's, America’s bank- érs and industrialists weré reach- ing ott for new markets and new colonies to exploit. Théy envisioned the envrmous possibilities that lay in storé for thém by wrestirig Cuba, the Philippines and other Pacific islands from the Spanish -Bourbons. And then, too, they also wanted a naval base in thé Pacific to ad- vance their interests in China. Today all the large plantations, the banks and the railroads of Cuba, are controlled by thé Morgan and Rockeféller ifiterests. In 1893, Héarst started & cam- paign for the “independénce” of Cuba. With his Wall Streét friends smiling on, Hearst steadily and pér- sisteritly worked up a war féver against the éxploitation of Cuba by thé Spafiish monarchy. Late in 1897, hé made a desperate move. The mové évétitudlly led to war. Hearst got what he wanted. How Hearst Made a War A certain Evangeline Cisneros picket demonstration tomor- row hoon at the Italian con- sulate, 134 KE. 70th Street, at Lexington Avenue. Negro workers — Italian workers, demonstrate your solidarity with the people of Abyssinia, against the bloody fascist war—PICKET THE ITALIAN CONSULATE TO- MORROW AT NOON! All anti-fascists, all work- ers! Turn out in large fum- bers to the mass protest dem- onstration this Sunday, Feb. 17, 2 p. m., at New Star Ca- sino, 107th Street*and Park Avenue. Hear Harry Gannes of the Daily Worker, DeFazio and Magliacano of the Italian Buro of the Communist Party, James W, Ford, of. the Cen- tral ‘Committeé, Communist. Party, and Richard B. Moore, chairman. Support the struggles of the Abyssinian people for in- dependence from the -yokeé of fascist imperialism. Support the struggles of the Italian workers, under the leader- ship of the Italian’‘Communist Party, against the ¢ériminal war on Abyssinia! Browder Talks was arrested arid imprisonéd by the Spafiish Bourbons. The young wo- man was said to be a relative of the Cuban president. Hearst, al- Ways a self-pronounced fot of all rebels and radicals, suddenly turned “revolutionary” ovérnight. Amer- ican impérialists beeame intensely concerned over the lot of thé Cuban masses and especially éver the fate of a “rebel” girl. Hearst sétit two reportérs and two other men to réscue the girl from prison. The gitl was con- veniently réscued afd i to Madison Squaré Gardén. Héarsi's pers screaméd with headlines Abotit his remarkable achiévement. The Wall Streét government ac- claimed this feat of ‘“fescuing a fadical.” The war fever was now at _a high pitch, Secretary Of State Sherman sent a telegtam Of congratulations to By Paul Green One year has passed since the forces of reaction in France staged the rehearsal of a fascist putsch, The gangsters of fascism, the low- est criminals, closely linked with the magistratés, ministers, _prefects, deputies and senators—in fact, the most powerful representatives of capitalist France, had been involved in thé scandals behind the Stavisky crash. Chiappe, the Police Comm: mer of Paris, was directly in- volved; mass pressuré compelled the Daladier Government fo fire him. Fascist leagues—the Croix de Feu, Jeunesses Patriotes, Camelots du Roi, Solidarite Francaise, stipported by the big industrialists—saw an oppotunity to press their demand for a fascist government, taking away from the French toiling masses their trade union and politi- cal rights. Already, even before Feb. 6, thesé fascist gangsters wéré out in the streets attacking workers, burning newsstands. On Feb. 6, as parliament convene, these forces of reaction make their first real at- tempt on the Palais Bourbon, Place de Ja Concorde. The Communist Party of France and its valiant organ, L'Humanite, had been conducting a relentess campaign exposing these robbers atid fascists, paving thé way for the magnificent advance of proletarian unity, As the fascists raised their reactionary slogans opposite the ition for War against fhe jet Union, the Japanese have parliament, buildings, the workers of Paris, going out from thé shops and Basis of Mighty French United Front Was Laid in Struggles a Year Ago | factories demonstrated in the | streets of Paris, at the Place de la | Republique, Faubourg St. Antoine, | Montmartre, Bastille, éte. | Workers Fight Back | Ona Feb. 7, Daladier, the Prime | Minister of France, resigned and Jeft the door open for Doumergue, who formed a government repre- senting the most reactionary forces | of France. The Communist Party of | France, the voice of the revolution- ary proletariat, the heir of the Communards, launched an appeal to action. All over France the re- sponse to this appeal was magnifi- | cent. Paris, Toulouse, Marseille, Lille, j Lyon, Douen, Nantes—millions of French toilefs were aroused against fascism. The Socialist Party leadership, still vacillating, still bickering, still making plans, remained unable to decide on action. The Communist Party organized, prepared for action, and on Feb. 9, again under its leadership, the Paris proletariat went into the streéts and for five hours faced bullets, tear gas, the swords of the police and Mobile Guards, fought so that fas- cism should not win. Three days later, on Feb. 12, |under the guiding propaganda of | the heroic Communist Party, a na- | tional general strike took placé. The s of Paris, Toulon, Lyons, Mat- virtually ~ every city in Fraticé, were a spectacle never to be fofgotten. Many more than a mil- lion workers, Communists and So- cialists, revolutionary and reform- ist trade unionists, unorganized workers, intellectuals, small arti- sans, marched side by side under the slogan, “Soviets Everywhere.” So effective and so popular was this united demonstration that thou- sands of small shops were closed as an expression of sympathy with the workers. For the first time we see the small btsiness men of France sending contributions to L’Hyman- ite in support of the anti-fascist fight. The circulation of L'Human- ite soared: 100,000—200,000—300,000 —400,000. Barricades February 17—The funeral of the first six workérs killed in the strug- gle against fascism. Two hundred thousand workéfs matéhed in the fiiheral procession to Peré Lachaise, and almost as many lined the streets. Februaty 26—The fascist Croix de Feu tried to demonstrate at Menil- montant: The workers organized a counter-action. The police protected the fascists and attacked the work- ers. Men, women and childfen manned barricades. Young Henri Vaillemin, 18 years old, was killed by the policé; 80,000 workers marched behind Vaillemin to thé Pantin Cemetery. March 16—At a huge mass meet- ing an attempt was made on the life of Marcel Cachin, editor of L'Humanite. It failed. The Feb. 6 fascist riots and the victories of thé Freneh working class on Feb. 9 and 12 drove home to the working class thé lésson that in order to crush fascism it must unite. The Communist Party all over France appealed fér united action. The leadets of the Socialist Party talkéd, planed, délayed. Unity of action, however, was forged in action, from below, by the Com- munist and Socialist workers. Fascists Defeated The fascist leaders, de la Rocque, Taitinger, Henriot, Ibarnagoray, ae meétings, demonstrations. etywheré, at ion, Chérbourg, Nice, Hénin-Lietard, Orleans, Poi- With thé solid resistances of hooligans. Thé workers more ones had to fight behind barricades. They stifferéd casualtiés. On Aj 11, Comrade Fontaine of Henin- Roi, Fritsch. of thousan the streéts of France. At Alfott: workers ter, Paris, Nantes, Calais, Bofdéaux, Marséillé, Pari8 again, they oe working class. The fascists could not speak, they could not meet, they could not win. The police and the Garde Mobile assisted the fascist Thael had tard was mutderéd by a Camelot du Beginning with May 1 hundreds| let, Queue-en-Brie, Rouhaix, again demonstrated in| noble, Tours, Marséillé, Toulouse. -|Barticades again; déaths; victory; villé and thé Cote Jeanne d’Are the | the erected barricadés and} Roussél, a taxi driver, was killed; fought savage attacks by the policé.| the painter, was killed by a gang of the fascist Jeunessés Patriotes. But the faseists were driven from the streets, they were at évery attethpt by the mighty force of thé united proletariat. : Toward United Front May 20-21—A National Anti-fas- cist Congress met. May 26—The Central Committee of thé Communist Party of France sent an appeal to the Socialist workérs to demiofistraté with the Communists the following day. at the Wall of the Comimunards at Pere Lachaise. Oné hundred thou- sand demonstrated on that day under the banner of the Communist Barty. May 31—The Communist Party Party proposed to the Sccialist y common action in favor of mani. While Socialist Party leadership after long delay, refuses j| the united front from below forged ahead. In June villages bégan to join the anti-fascist movement. Ohau- mont, Tremblay-les-Gonesse, ere s ree taecists were again routed. René Revel, was Anti-fascist workers, Socialists and | blinded. Communists, fought the fascists June 23—The Communist region and police side by side. Young Scor-| of Paris-Ville proposed united ac- tieatti féll at thé hands of Policé| tion to the Socialist Federation of Lieutenant Poéhon; Comrade Laun | Seine, June 25—First united front agree- ment between thé above séctions, duly 8—Whilé the Faselst Croix de Feu mustered 7,000 at the tomb of the unknown soldier, the united ffoit of the Socialist Party and Communist Party of Paris displayed a fiagnificent demonstration of 100,000 workers ..t the Forest of Vin- -cénnés. The impetus of united ac- tion stew by leaps and botinds. © United Front I¢ Signed July 14—The deiegates of the Cefitral Committee of the Commu- nist Party mét with the delegates of the ©. A. B. (Pefmanent sttativé Commission) of the Social- ist Party. July 16—Thé National Cotineil of thé Socialist Party, by a vote of 3,471 for and 366 against, accepted the uttited front eareement. July 2—The Pact From then on the ot defeat after defeat for fas- cism.. The Cantonal election, ed under the banner of the U: Front, brought partial viotory. Bay atier dup the United Prone en “Gnitet Front On Labor Party (Continued from Page 1) nist Party’s labor party position. One such question was: “Did not the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Com- munist Party violate the innér de- moeracy of thé Party by first bring- ing in a Labor Party proposal be- fore thé units of the Party discussed the question.” : Browder evoked stormy applause by féplying: “In what way could we have a mioré démocfatic procedure than we! are having right now at this meét- ing? I don’t know of any party that has 86 much discussion as we have. It is true that most parties could not carty on thesé discussions in such 4 Way. That is one‘of the signs of the strength’ of the Com- munit Party, we can talk and act) at the same time.” | “Doesn't the bringing forward of | a Labor Party indicate that the Communist Party is admitting its inability t6 lead the masses direct- ly?” was another question. New Sections Can Be Won Browder answered this question “NO, quite the opposite. We pro- pose 4 Labor Party because we are convinced that not only are the. Cotiditions favorable for winning the. Masses to it, bit that the Commu- nist Party will be able, by Working within a Labor Party to win much ae sections AS oe ont class: the Communist | ee “We cannot win millions of work-— @rs direéily into the Communist Party overnight, but our er tion in a broad Labor Party with & class struggle basis would give ts the possibility of winning millions: of workers for the Communist Party Ir im Within the néxt two or a pei eae | reply to another question, Browder outlined the change in economic afd political c Cc Party which cat to favor a Labor Party now, al- A the Communist ty in Soa had Geolated inate paper gaged in 8 exposing the gov- practical pos ernment, its decree-laws, ie et the treachery of the Radical. The meeting unanimously adopted ist ministers who workéd hand in| a resolution of greeting to Charles glove with Tardieu, the fascist, the | Krumbein, Comsat Organizer of, areh-enémy of the working class. Due to this pressute the Doumergue ernment fell and Flandin took umergué’s place. — The anti-fascist front continues| ing against the cessation the N. ¥. District, who is imp: at Lewisburg, Pa., and a resolution’ to President Roosevelt and Secre- tary of State Cordell Hull, protest- of , debt! to fight, éducate and prepare the | and trade negotiations with the masses for the final victory. viet Union.