The Daily Worker Newspaper, November 15, 1934, Page 8

Page g DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 1934 Daily <QWorker CHNTRAL ORGAN COMMUNIST Uo U5. St OF COMMUNIST INTERNATIONAL) “America’s Only Working Class Daily Newspaper” FOUNDED 1924 PUBLISHED DAILY, EXCEPT SUNDAY, BY THE | COMPRODAILY PUBLISHING CO., INC., 56 E. 13th | Street, New York, N. ¥. ALgonquin 4-795 4. New York, N. ¥. | 954, Ni Press Building, | ©. Telephone: Nations! 7910. ‘Wells St., Room 705, Chicago, Ii. Telephone year, 0.75 cents. 1 year, $6.00; THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 1934 N. Y. State, LaGuardia and Strikebreakers for the fact that a V strike-breaking army of ten thousand plug-uglies has been built the Pinkertons, the O'Toole, the Bergoff and other detective agencies to smash the impending strike of New York building service em- HO is responsible up by ployes? The Realty Board hired these detective agencies to round up the “guards,” many of whom have un- savory ‘The Bergoff and other such scab-herding agencies | have been in the strike-breaking business for years. They operate under a state license. The state gov- ernment of New York approves this nefarious trade by issuing the licenses under which detective bureaus hire the strong-arm men and send them out against strikers, The Bergoff agency admitted to the Daily Worker that it has several thousand night sticks on hand, and permits for “guards” to carry guns. La Guardia’s | New York City Police Department, is responsible for issuing these gun permits to the scab herders | and employers of the strong-arm men. The Daily Worker demands to know what has Mayor La Guardia to say about the fact that in a few days a strike-breaking army of ten thousand | workers has been recruited in his city, with author- ity to carry night sticks and guns to terrorize strik- | ers. | The Daily Worker demands that Governor Leh- | man and the state government of New York | speak out and explain why they issue licenses for this terrorism against trade unions. | The workers in the entire city should demand of | Mayor La Guardia an immediate withdrawal of these “guards. The workers should demand that the state gov- ernment immediately revoke the licenses of these strike-breaking detective agencies. records. Fight Relief Cuts HILE the need for relief increases daily, the national and local authori- ties are carrying out Roosevelt’s promise to the bankers to cut relief. On Tuesday, William Hodson, Commissioner of Public Welfare, announced at a City Club luncheon in New York, that as far as the city officials were con- cerned, the peak of the relief load was over. The peak is declining, according to Mr. Hodson, because in October approximately 14,000 destitute families were removed from the relief rolls, a larger total than the number of needy families that were added. In Mr. Hodson’s own words, the reduction in relief was not due to “an improvement in busi- ness conditions,” but to the greater hounding of the unemployed and their families by relief bureau Officials. He thought that greater reductions in the relief rolls would be brought about by “the cumulative effect of our increasing the staff of home relief in- vestigators, our training of this staff to conduct more thorough-going investigations, and the co- operation of employers, banks and insurance com- panies.” This means that relief cuts are pushed through by firing investigators who protest against the in- human treatment of the unemployed, by tightening up on the persecution of the workers. Money is given to persecuting the unemployed, but none can be found to feed them. The brutality of the home relief authorities and the LaGuardia administration is brought out by Hodson’s admission that the problem of relief would remain for at least a decade. But if the need for relief will continue indefinitely, then obviously. this need must be met. It cannot be met by condemning the unemployed to starvation. The problem must be solved by giving them adequate relief immedi- ately, and by providing for them in the decade. to come through the enactment of the Workers’ Unem- ployment and Social Insurance Bill, the only measure that can meet the consequences of perma= nent and increasing unemployment. Mr. Hodson’s suggestion that “unemployment insurance should have been made a permanent part of our social structure long ago” would mean some- thing, if he would come out for H. R. 7598. This, however, he obviously has no intention of doing. For his solution of the unemployed problem is to find “regular jobs.” With more than a million and a quarter of unemployed in New York City alone, this empty phrase can be nothing but an excuse for driving more workers off the relief rolls, With the most desperate winter of the crisis confronting the unemployed, the relief officials throughout the country are pursuing the policy, laid down by Roosevelt, of slashing relief. To meet the imminent danger of mass starvation, it is necessary more than ever before to organize the unemployed for relief actions. The whole working class also must immediately launch united actions for Con- gressional action on H. R. 7598. Starving the unemployed is part of the whole New Deal’s attack against the living standards of the working class. Rally to the support of the un- employed. Relief cuts will be followed by a new wage-cutting drive. Speeding Fascist Measures HE “mother of parliaments” has given one of the best examples of how capitalist democracy is utilized, in the present world crisis of capitalism, to speed fascist measures agaimst the work- ing class. The House of Lords on Tuesday ap- proved the Sedition Bill, already passed by the House of Commons by an overwhelming majority. This Sedition Bill, let it be noted, had as one of its most ardent defenders, Ramsay MacDonald, former Socialist leader of the Labor Party, and one of the most outstanding figures in the pre- and post-war period of the Second (Socialist) Interna- tional. The aim of the Sedition Bill is to speed war preparations of British imperialism, along with fas- cist measures to prevent the struggles of the masses against war. Both Liberal and Labor forces, under pressure of the toiling masses, particularly the Communist Party, which led the fight on the bill, declared that the passage of the bill would destroy “British liber- ties.” The answer of the government. forces, in- cluding Ramsay MacDonald, whose idea of “Social- ism” still reigns in the Secomd International, was that if the armed forces of the empire are under- mined n the so-called “‘liberties” will be destroyed, In short, the admission is made that the so-called “democracy” of the historic country of capitalist “democracy” rests on the open, naked brutal armed force of the bankers and colonial slave-holders. The Sedition Bill is one of the most vicious fas- cist measures ever passed by any parliament. It provides a two-year prison term and a $1,000 fine for anyone possessing any book “which might tend,” or which can be construed by His Majesty's prosecu- tors, to “seduce” any member of the armed forces to disobey the commands of his officers. This means that whenever the British Govern- ment desires to stop all revolutionary propagada, all working-class militant literature, it can do so with one fell swoop. Every piece of literature against capitalism can be interpreted by the learned judges as being capable of “seducing” the sons of the Brit- ish toilers in the army and navy. Fascism advances not only in Spain and France, through the pressure of the armed cut-throats of the finance capitalists, but is being pushed through parliament and congress in an attack on the civil and trade union rights of the working class. Homes and Banks NE billion in loans to the small home owner, 0) Eight and a half billion in subsidies tothe big Wall Street banks, trust com- panies, railroads, panies. and mortgage com- This contrast uncovers the class face of the Roosevel government, The demand for loans by small mortgage- burdened home owners had begun to run over the billion mark. And the Roosevelt government got panicky and yesterday called a quick halt to any further loans. But the Roosevelt government is not in the least perturbed by the fact that a handful of Wall Street Parasites have already dipped their hands into the R.F.C. trough to the tune of eight and a half bil- lions, the most enormous subsidy that any capital- ist government has ever granted to capitalist coupon clippers and investors. Two out of every three harassed small home owners who applied were turned down by the Roose- velt government. And only such loans were granted as were necessary to strengthen the position of capitalist mortgage sharks, But the Roosevelt government, as far as the banks are concerned, is worried that the capital- ists are not borrowing enough. Does the small home owner need any more proof that Roosevelt is a tool and agent of the Wall Street banks? Building Trades Unity RESIDENT WILLIAM GREEN, of the American Federation of Labor, has called a convention of the Building Trades Department of the A. F. of L. to take place in Washington on Noy. 26. The con- vention will consist of top officials of the building unions and was called to decide on disputes between officials of the Carpenters, Electrical Workers and Bricklayers unions on the one hand, and the present Building Trades Department officials on the other. Green will be chairman. While these top officials are quarreling over con- trol, the building construction employers are carry- ing through a drive to lower still further the stand- ard of living of the building trades’ workers. Most of the building trades’ workers are unem- ployed. The A. F. of L. leadership admits that 57 per cent of the union members were jobless in Oc- tober, In addition there are scores of thousands of building trades’ workers jobless who have al- ready been dropped from the union roles. Strikes have occurred in the building trades in Tecent months, from coast to coast, in. order’ to maintain union agreements and defeat the. anti- - union, wage-cut drive of the Roosevelt government and the employers, The building trades’ workers, the big majority unemployed, facing attacks on their union agree- ments, have vital problems to be solved. . But. the officials of the building trades’ unions and the A. F. of L. ignore these problems, Instead they. fight. for control of the Building Trades Department. The rank and file members of the building trades’ unions have no jurisdictional quarrels. They. stand for unity of the members of all the building unions and all building workers. They are carry- ing on a fight for unemployment insur- ance, for a real federal housing program that will benefit the building trades’ workers and all work- ers. They demand a unified struggle of all build- ing trades’ workers, employed and unemployed, against unemployment, for better wages and work- ing conditions, and for union recognition. The rank and file opposition inside the A. F. of L. building unions must be built up in order to force an end to the disruptive jurisdictional disputes of the officials, for unity of the building trades’ work- ers, for a fight against unemployment and wage-. cuts, and for rank and file control of the unions. Join the Communist Party 35 EAST 12TH STREET, NEW YORK, N. Y. Please send me more information on the Com- munist Party. NAME..... vivees ADDRESS. . .| fighting opposition in the locals of Party Life | Communist Units And the Problems |of the Stockyards | By a Member of the Section Com- mittee, Section 11, District 8, Chicago p= I want to speak about the | | | | | ditions in general in the stockyards. | working conditions and the con-| }¥ PUTTING THEIR HEADS TOCETHER! Speed-up is so great that it has be- come second nature, so to speak, as |far as the workers are concerned. Of course, after a close check-up on | | this, one can see why there is such | | speed-up. Girls, as well as men |and women, fall out from the great | | speed-up. cases where workers have died right | on the bench or at the machine where they were working. It is a| common thing to hear of a worker | losing a finger or a part of a hand | because of the dreadful speed-up. Why the speed-up? First the | packers have introduced such a scheme as a bonus, which is sup-| | posed to give the workers more pay. This, of course, is in order to drive }the workers. They set a certain standard for a worker to do dur-j ing an hour and even a day. The| bosses have some workers as lead- ers on the job. This leader starts | out and the rest of the workers | have to keep up or the boss will | want to know what is the matter. | There are other methods which the | bosses use. Most of the plants have no rest period during the eight or ten hours of work. No one is permitted to smoke on the job or in the toilets. And in most of the places the toilets are in another building, and, if it is in a three- story building, it’s always on the ground floor. If a Worker has to go to the toilet, as a rule, he has to wait and this is an injury to his | or her health. Most of the workers who have worked any length of time have stomach, piles or kidney trouble. This in short, is some of the conditions of the workers. Now, the composition of the workers: The majority are foreign born (Polish, Lithuanian, Mexican, etc.). Negroes constitute about 23 to % per cent. Twenty percent are young, white Americans. The con- ditions also are based on different | nationalities. The bosses use this | to drive the workers, to make each | nationality hate the others. In the | face of all this, with wages being | reduced, speed-up on the increase, the Section tackled the job of or- ganizing the stockyards workers. How the Party and Y.C.L. worked: The Section Buro studied the con- trol tasks of the District Conven- tion, called a section membership meeting, and also a meeting of the Party and Y. C. L. members who are working in the yards. We drew up a plan of work which fitted the \ given conditions in the yards. We issued a series of leaflets exposing the concrete conditions in the yards. Then, we began a series of mass meetings in the neighborhood of the yards, further exposing the conditions. At the same time the street units were busy canvassing from house to house in the neigh- borhood of the stockyards workers. Each month we checked up on our work on a section scale. I now want to bring out some of the ex- periences at our first check-up meeting. Some of the comrades spoke, after the section organizer gave the report on some of the ex- periences in the work, and how the workers were recruited into the Party. The comrades stated that they thought that there was not going to be a real check-up; there- fore, they did not do any work, but they pledged that from then on they were going to do some work. * * . 'HE result is that we now have | five Party units, two of which are department units; we have four ¥. C. L. units, two of which are also department units; we have or- ganized two locals of the Packing House Workers’ Industrial Union; we have built up a good opposition in the Stockyards Labor Council and we are beginning some work in the A..F. of L, Our outlook for the near future is to set up a well-functioning sec- tion of stockyards workers, to be composed of Party and Y. C. L. units in the yards. It is in the light of the Open Letter and the District control tasks that we en- tered seriously into our work to such an extent that we were able to get the comrades to begin to become conscious of stockyards work. We are today closer to the workers in the yards than we have ever been. In many cases our comrades are looked upon by the workers as lead- ers in the yards. In some of the departments we were able to win ten-minute rest periods, in others the right to smoke in the toilets, As a result of this day to day work we were able to raise the indigna- tion of the workers against the packers, which brought about the 8 per cent increase in wages. We issued leaflets pointing out that the bosses are preparing layoffs. When the lay-offs took place, we issued leaflets demanding jobs or relief at the expense of the companies, so in one case in one department the bosses were forced to rehire the workers. On the strength of this we were able to work among the workers that were laid off, and we raised two demands: Jobs back and the removal of a company stool- pigeon, Mr. Talley, in Armour’s Plant. In the next two days we is- sued a leaflet saying “What's the Answer?” As a result of these leaf- lets we were able to make contacts with new workers and got them down to our meeting right from the yards. With this sort of progress we will be able to strengthen our union. Most all of them, when they come down to our union, join, and we expect to get more in the next few weeks. We are looking forward to the establishment of the stockyards section that will be able to give real everyday political guid- ance to the comrades in the yards. The main task confronting us is work in the locals of the A. F. of L. We are concentrating toward that aim and will also organize a the A. F. of L, for the purpose of There are even some | ,: strengthening the struggle of the workers against the packers. by Burck Burck will give the original drawing of his cartoon to the highest contributor each day towards his quota of $1,000, BURCK BEHIND GOLD BY 40 PER CENT Burek today takes first place contributions, but is nevertheless hind Gold in his $1,000 quota. Gold, 74.8 per cent; Burek, 35 per pepe Helben .. in the highest M. Ravetz 40 per cent be- Total Previously received $ 10.00 5.50 334,64 Sash nspapes hae enene can. wane ke Where the Landlords Once Ruled By A. L. 1 ‘AR from the main railway lines, in the depths of the Central Black Earth Region, 20 kilometers from the smallest provincial town of Kirsamov, lie the fields of one of the oldest collective farms of the region—the Lenin agricultural com- mune, The collective farm road stretches out like a tightly stretched string in the bright sunshine. On each side lies the fresh amber colored stubble. Not long ago a sea of wheat. and rye swayed here. On this boundless field, without limit and without end, as far as the eye could see, the hay stacks stand like a herd of golden elephants. These are the fodder supplies of the col- lective farm. The harvested fields give an idea of the size of the col- lective farm barns. Even before I arrive at the farm, I am told that even in the present dry year, the Lenin Commune obtained 25 bush- els of rye and 30 bushels of wheat per acre, On this road various excursions can frequently be met going to the Commune. Five thousand collec- tive farmers visit the Commune every year. It is obvious what in- terest there is here. They are learn- ing from the example of the more experienced collective farmers how to better organize their own farms. Foreign workers, students, teach- ers, friends of the collective farm- ers, come to visit them. With the closest attention they examine every detail of the collective farm, exam- ine with great interest the new So- viet life. They are overjoyed with the successes of collective labor and life. Sometimes the friends of the Jandlords also come. Once an English peeress came, say the Commune members. She asked the old men time after time whether they remembered their old master, Prince Obolenski, her best friend. She asked whether. they were living better or worse in the Commune than they lived formerly at the time of Prince Obolenski. She hoped that she would find among the old men someone yearn- ing for the old times, or at least one who would say that things had gone well at the time of Oblenski. “Yes, the Prince lived very well at that time, but we...” and old man Chernestov ended his sentence with a furious curse at the name of Prince Oblenski and the other former lords. The peeress asked no more ques- tions. She set about seeking for something wrong without the help of the collective farmers. But she had little success in this. At the same time Bernard Shaw was in the Commune. He closely questioned the members of the Commune, asked about the various branches of farm work, especially cattle raising. He went into the houses of the members, into the club, into the school. As he was leaving, he said: “I feel very well here. Russia is a wonder- ful country, I think I am at least 20 years younger.” 8 [AT has been the state of af- fairs formerly among these hills? The people of the present day have not forgotten. The watch- man of the Commune, Chernetsov, is 70 years old, and he is a living history book. “All the landlords had the same law for the toilers,” says the old men. “We had to work hard for them. Sometimes we were kept at work for 20 hours. I worked for; 43 years as a laborer for the land- lords. I also worked for Princess Obolenski’s brother. The landlords sucked our blood. They did not reckon with age. They mocked at our poverty.” “At the present time 800 people are well-off on the same land, but | formerly only one’ person got fat on it. The prince paid three roubles for harvesting a hectare. We worked like cattle and were always half- | starved.” Many others can speak of the landlords’ times. The veterinary surgeon of the Commune, Lvov, re- | members how under the princess the huts of the laborers could hardly be distinguished from the cattle yards. And only the land- lord’s house in the whole district was decorated. | The Socialist revolution com- pletely swept away the Obolenski family of princes. The former laborers became the masters. Those who had been driven abroad by) capitalism to seek their living be- gan to return to the former princely estate. These were Russian peas- ants who had emigrated to Amer- ica. How had they lived there? They had lived in such a way that they had thought of nothing else all the time except how to get away from such a life, In Russia the toilers took the power into their hands. People ob- tained a fatherland, which they had not before, when they left the. place of their birth and childhood and did not find in the new land beyond the ocean. And they de- cided to return to their fatherland. This was in 1921-22. They were not frightened by the stories of famine and the. prophecies of the bourgeois press of the “rapid fall of the So- viet Power.” They sold all their property, bought a few implements and took them to Soviet Russia. When they arrived, they were of- fered the land of the former Prince Obolenski in Kirsanoy County. At this time the former estates of the prince were in a state of ruin. The fields were neglected and full of weeds. Only the bare walls re- mained of the farm builaings. Diffi- cult and painstaking work began. At first forces were too few. In a fierce class struggle against the ku- laks and the white guards, many of the difficulties were overcome by the members of the commune. A group of local peasants joined those who had arrived from America. With their joint forces they built up a farm of which they may justly be proud... . Wai wie MONG the scores of cattle yards, hogpens and stables, over which the windmill rattles merrily, one cow barn stands out among the others. A low brick building, it has little windows with prison-like bars. Inside, all is camp, gloomy and with the odor of \@ cellar. This is the smell arising from all the old relics. It is the only cow shed which came to the commune as a “heritage” from the former estate of the owner, Princess Obolenski. The princess took a lit- tle more care of the cattle than of the farm laborers. The only excep- tions were the carriage horses. By the efforts of the members of the commune, the old cow shed was | put in order, whitewashed, widened, jend made as light as possible. A narrow gauge line was built join- stalls. Water pipes stretched to the mangers. But nevertheless, the “inherited” cow shed is far behind the cattle yards constructed by the commune, At every step can be felt their care for the collective property, in the |‘ building itself, in the neatness and cleanliness which is maintained here by the efforts of the members of the commune. Everywhere it is bright, airy and comfortable. When the rays of the setiing sun pour through the wide open gate of the stables and piggeries and cover the white walls with brilliant patches, it seems that we are not in a cattle yard but under the arches of a great railway station. Before anyone can go into the piggery, he must pass through a disinfection chamber and wipe the soles of his boots with chloride ot ilime. A drainage canal runs from every sty through which the liquid manure will flow into an under- ground reservoir where it is kept closed up. From here it is pumped into barrels and carried to the fields for use as a fertilizer. The latest novelty in the cattle yard of the commune. consists ot drinking basins for the cows. Metal basins are attached to each stal® with a tap from the water pipe. When the cow takes a drink, its muzzle presses down the false bot- tom of the basin thus opening the faucet and admitting water. Thanks to this device, uhe cow always re- ceives water that is fresh and clean (and in winter—warm). In addi- tion, work is made easier in the cattle yard. The cows are very well able to “work” these basins. The pig farm of the commune is very interesting. The “menu” of the pigs is prepared mechanically. Big vats are set up in a. special pigs’ kitchen, heated by steam. When the food is. cooked, the vats auto- matically empty into small cars which oarry the food to the “dining room.” Here, as in the cow sheds, the hand labor of the attendants is reduced to a minimum. All this would have been impos- sible in the farm of the princess. ‘The whole farm of the former land- lord seems pitiful compared with the farm of the commune. Lyoy, the veterinary surgeon of the commune, says: “When organizing the commune we received from the old farm six horses, not pure breed and more- over in a bad condition. With this we began our horse breeding. Year by year the horses increased in number and type, and now the commune has 10 pedigreed horses. The herd of cattle at first con- World Front ——— By HARRY GANNES -—— Fear Nazi Meetings Hunger and War Planes London Daily Drive HE more ominous the ree ports from Germany of growing hunger, the faster come dispatches telling of rapid and huge war prepara- tions. Both go hand in hand. The masses are forced to starve so Hitler can build a powers ful war machine for finance capi- tal. The war machine is brought closer to action because the starv- ing masses threaten the very roots of fascism. Latest hunger report is published by the Federated Press in the form of a cable from Baden, Germany, reading: “The continuous rise in living costs has created such gene eral discontent, even among Hit- ler's storm troops and Nazi party members, that it has been found necessary to forbid all Nazi meet- ings in southwest Germany.” Another report by the Interna- tional Press Correspondence from Breslau states: “Great excitement and discussion are being caused by |the rising prices of food and the | declining amount of supplies. A uniform black loaf is now being sold at 50 pfennings, as against the better bread hitherto obtainable at 42 or 44 pfennings.” ‘HE workers tramp long distances, from 22 to 28 miles, in order to seek potatoes on the harvested po- tato fields. Hundreds of workers are making such pilgrimages, in an ¢:- fort to stave off starvation this winter, One farm, 22 miles from Breslau, looked like a mass meeting, s0 many workers had gathered to try to get potatoes from the farmer, be- |fore he brought them to the city. Excited discussions took place be- tween the peasants and the work- ers. The peasants were not permit- ted to sell the potatoes under three marks (1.20 cents) a hundredweight, }and the workers would and could not pay so much. While the reports of hunger pile up from every part of Germany (with every reason to believe that news of growing hunger riots are being suppressed), we also learn that the Hitler government is spar- ing no money and no efforts to build up the most powerful war air force in Europe. i ah 'HESE planes, with their collos- sal supply of bombs, poison gas, machiné guns, are for internal as well as external use. On the num- ber and kind of planes already con- structed, “Petit Journal,” a Parisian newspaper, gives the following sta- tistical material: Fascist Germany possesses 90 squadrons of 12 pursuing planes each of the following types: Heinc- kel 58, Heinckel 70, Junkers W-34 XI, Junkers 60 BL, Messerschmidt M-38; 70 squadrons of bombing planes, each consisting of 9 planes, mainly types Dornier DOX, Dornier DOF, Dornier W-35, Dornier Super< wal, and Junkers JUG-52; further 70 squadrons of scouting planes, each of 9 planes; 15 squadrons of hydroplanes type Rohrback DOX. ALTOGETHER, as far as the —etit Journal” could get in- formation, fascist Germany now possesses 2,400 military airplanes of the newest designs, capable of the higher speeds than the airplanes of the same class possessed by other countries. Besides, just as starvation grows greater, Hitler has given orders for 300 military airplanes to Dornier; the same number to Junkers, and he has ordered 1,600 airplane mo- tors from the American firm of Pratt and Whitney. All of the orders must be carried out before the end of 1935, ‘HE tempo of the London Daily Worker financial drive has ex- ceeded our own by far. The only Communist daily in England was faced with eviction from its edito- rial, publishing and printing prem- ises. The Central Committee issued an appeal for 2,500 pounds or about $12,500.| Despite the many calls be- ing made on the workers for finan- cial support for the mass cam- paigns, for the fight against fascism and for aid to victims of fascist terror, in a little over one month the sum was realized. This is a re- markable achievement which should inspire our readers to help our Daily Worker out of its extremely difficult financial conditions, Recently the London Daily Worker went over its quota by sev- eral thousand dollars, giving it an opportunity to entranch itself. easier’ Ce KAI SHEK has Just got- ten another loan of $25,000,000 from Great Britain. Another $20,- 000,000 was loaned to the Szechuan war lord, Li Sian. It is also re- ported that a large number of Ca- nadian air pilots are being rushed to China for war against the Chi- nese Soviet districts. REACHES ONLY 36% OF QUOTA World Front, with today’s meagre contributions of $1.50, reaches only 36 per cent of its $500 quota—just 10 per cent ahead of Del. Where are all the World Front enthusi- sisted of 16 cows, giving four or | asts? five quarts of milk a day. Now the commune has 445 cows, including some which give 30 quarts of milk a day. It is curious to note that the district agricultural authorities dia not believe at first in the success ot the commune in regard to milk production. A special commission was even sent to check up on the spot as to the amount of milk. The commune only received four pigs from the former landlord’s es- tate, weighing about 160 pounds each. At present the commune has 134 breeding sows of the big Eng- lish stock. In the ae season there have been 1,390 piglets.” Among the members of the com-; mune are some real enthusiasts for | pig breeding. By their efforts a highly productive and profitable pig farm has been formed in the com- mune. The cattle farms of the ing up all the cattle yards with the fodder base and with each other. ‘Electric lights shone out above the commune occupy an enormous ter- ritory. (To Be Continued) ymous Previously received Total $181.57 Mussolini to Scatter Jobless on Waste Land COSSENZA, Italy, Nov. 14—That an early consequence of Mussolini’s “cooperative state” will be the scat tering of the unemployed on un- wanted barren plots in the country- side, there to scratch what they can from poor soil, was indicated this j afternoon when the Podesta of San Lorenzo Del Valio ordered that 250 {acres of land owned by the muni- cipality be given away to impov- erished peasants. The Podesta, how= ever, demands that a certain amount of rent be paid in cash or produce for the privilege of “owne ing” this useless property. } & |